Relevant bibliographies by topics / Occipital bone Occipital Bone

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Occipital bone Occipital Bone'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Occipital bone Occipital Bone"

1

Agrawal, Amit, Reddy V. Umamaheshwara, Kishor V. Hegde, P. Suneetha, and Divya Siddharth Kolikipudi. "Giant high occipital encephalocele." Romanian Neurosurgery 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/romneu-2016-0020.

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Abstract Encephaloceles are rare embryological mesenchymal developmental anomalies resulting from inappropriate ossification in skull through with herniation of intracranial contents of the sac. Encephaloceles are classified based on location of the osseous defect and contents of sac. Convexity encephalocele with osseous defect in occipital bone is called occipital encephalocele. Giant occipital encephaloceles can be sometimes larger than the size of baby skull itself and they pose a great surgical challenge. Occipital encephaloceles (OE) are further classified as high OE when defect is only in occipital bone above the foramen magnum, low OE when involving occipital bone and foramen magnum and occipito-cervical when there involvement of occipital bone, foramen magnum and posterior upper neural arches. Chiari III malformation can be associated with high or low occipital encephaloceles. Pre-operatively, it is essential to know the size of the sac, contents of the sac, relation to the adjacent structures, presence or absence of venous sinuses/vascular structures and osseous defect size. Sometimes it becomes imperative to perform both CT and MRI for the necessary information. Volume rendered CT images can depict the relation of osseous defect to foramen magnum and provide information about upper neural arches which is necessary in classifying these lesions.
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Sharma, Vivek, and Goodwin Newton. "Osteoclastoma of occipital bone." Yonsei Medical Journal 32, no. 2 (1991): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.1991.32.2.169.

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Petro, Melanie L., and John A. Lancon. "Occipital Aneurysmal Bone Cyst." Pediatric Neurosurgery 34, no. 1 (2001): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000055992.

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Braun, Jacob, Joseph N. Guilburd, Bernardo Borovich, Dorith Goldsher, Helian Mendelson, and Hedviga Kerner. "Occipital Aneurysmal Bone Cyst." Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography 11, no. 5 (September 1987): 880–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004728-198709000-00027.

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Kim, Peter Chanwoo, Yong Don Kim, and Dae Hwan Park. "Occipitofrontal Switching for Simultaneous Correction of Synostotic Frontal and Occipital Plagiocephaly: A Novel Surgical Technique." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 3, no. 3 (September 2010): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1263081.

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Plagiocephaly has traditionally been corrected by unilateral or bilateral frontal bone advancement or rotation using bone-molding forceps and distraction devices. Complete symmetrical correction of deformed frontal bones is considered almost impossible because the curvature of each frontal bone varies. We evaluated the feasibility of measuring the optimal curvature of frontal and occipital bones using a plaster skull model and applying these measurements to “switch” them for simultaneous correction of frontal and occipital plagiocephaly. A 2-year-old girl suffering from unifrontal flattening visited our clinic. Unilateral coronal synostosis was observed. The 3-D rapid prototype model and skull replica method using thin paper clay were used for preplanned virtual surgery. The triangular bone was harvested from the contralateral bulging side of the occipital bone (“occipitofrontal switching”) for the best optimal curvature in the affected frontal bone. Another triangular bone was harvested from the ipsilateral flattened side of the frontal bone, and bones were switched with each other. Further bending of the frontal or occipital segment was not necessary for optimal curvature. Symmetrical correction was made by switching the triangular bone of the frontal area with that of the contralateral occipital area. Revision has not been necessary, and infection was not observed at 1-year follow-up. Our novel technique of preplanning surgery using a 3-D plaster model for simultaneous correction of frontal and occipital plagiocephaly is effective and time-saving.
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Purkayastha, S., A. K. Gupta, T. R. Kapilamoorthy, N. K. Bodhey, and B. Thomas. "Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Skull." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 18, no. 5-6 (December 2005): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090501800515.

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An aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign lesion usually involving the long bones, vertebrae including odontoid, hypoid and mandible. Skull is a rare site for aneurysmal bone cyst. Only 3% occur in the cranium and sites of involvement include temporal, occipital, orbital, frontal, parietal, ethmoids and sphenoid bones in order of frequency. We report two cases of aneurysmal bone cysts in occipital bone and maxilla. We discuss the radiological features, surgical findings and emphasize the role of endovascular management in these lesions.
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Pans, Steven, Iwan Van Breuseghem, Eric Geusens, and Peter Brys. "Extensive Occipital Bone Pneumatization Presenting as an Occipital Mass." American Journal of Roentgenology 181, no. 3 (September 2003): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.181.3.1810891.

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Kalina, Peter, and Nicholas Wetjen. "Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Occipital Bone." Journal of Pediatrics 167, no. 2 (August 2015): 496–496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.04.029.

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Sandhu, MS, V. Ojili, and RK Kaza. "PrimaryEwing′s sarcomaof occipital bone." Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 16, no. 3 (2006): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.29015.

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Moss, Mary, Michael Biggs, Paul Fagan, Martin Forer, Martin Davis, and Jim Roche. "Complications of occipital bone pneumatization." Australasian Radiology 48, no. 2 (June 2004): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2004.01284.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Occipital bone Occipital Bone"

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Karban, Miranda Elaine. "The ontogeny of occipital bone convexity in a longitudinal sample of extant humans." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6154.

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The occipital bun, a distinctive convexity of the occipital squama, is often considered to be a uniquely derived Neandertal trait. Some scholars, however, consider the occipital morphology found in some early modern and extant human crania (often described as “hemi-buns”) to be homologous with Neandertal occipital buns. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain occipital bun/hemi-bun development, including neck muscle function, head carriage, brain growth timing, and cranial base cartilage growth timing, as well as braincase and facial integration. The feature, however, has never before been metrically quantified in a large subadult sample or studied in a well-documented growth series. The primary goal of this dissertation, therefore, was to assess hemi-bun growth and development in a combined comparative sample of extant humans amassed from the following growth series: the University of Toronto Burlington Growth Study, the Iowa Facial Growth Study, the Oregon Growth Study, the University of Oklahoma Denver Growth Study, the Wright State University Fels Longitudinal Study, and the Michigan Growth Study. Cephalograms from these studies facilitated the collection of longitudinal cranial growth and development data. In total, measurements were collected from 468 cephalograms representing 16 males and 10 females. Measured subjects represented the ends of the range of variation in adult midsagittal occipital bone shape, including subjects with defined hemi-buns, as well as subjects lacking all evidence of hemi-bun morphology. Frontal and lateral cephalograms were measured for each subject at 9 age points, spanning from 3.0 to 20.4 years of age. A total of 16 landmarks and 153 sliding semi-landmarks were digitized at each age point. Geometric morphometric analyses, including relative warps analysis and two-block partial least squares analysis, were conducted to assess patterns of cranial covariation and sexual dimorphism in occipital bone growth and possible attendant variation in occipital bun development or absence. In both bunned and non-bunned subjects, midsagittal occipital shape was found to be established very early in ontogeny, and then to remain largely unchanged between 3 years of age and adulthood. This result contradicts previous developmental hypotheses, which posit that occipital bunning results from a pattern of late posteriorly-directed brain growth. No evidence of sexual dimorphism in hemi-bun shape was found to exist in this extant human sample; however, defined hemi-buns were found to covary significantly with an elongated and low midsagittal neurocranial vault in both sexes. Other aspects of cranial morphology, including cranial and basicranial breadth, midcoronal vault shape, and basicranial angle, did not covary significantly with occipital bun morphology at any of the sampled age points. These results reveal that occipital bunning, at least in this sample, is not a discrete trait, but instead develops along a continuum in association with a distinct pattern of neurocranial elongation. Previous studies have suggested that Neandertal occipital buns are similarly associated with elongated cranial vaults. While more work must be done to quantify occipital bun morphology in fossil subadults, this study finds no evidence to disprove the developmental homology of the feature in modern humans and Neandertals, and therefore further undermines the idea that occipital bunning is a unique Neandertal trait.
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Ruth, Aidan Alifair. "The influence of posture and brain size on foramen magnum position in bats." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1270059009.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2010.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Apr. 28, 2010). Advisor: C. Owen Lovejoy. Keywords: foramen magnum; human evolution; locomotion; bats. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-42).
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Books on the topic "Occipital bone Occipital Bone"

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Goel, Atul. The craniovertebral junction: Diagnosis, pathology, surgical techniques. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2011.

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The craniovertebral junction: Diagnosis, pathology, surgical techniques. Stuttgart: Thieme, 2010.

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3

Advanced pediatric craniocervical surgery. New York: Thieme, 2006.

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4

A, Dickman Curtis, Spetzler Robert F. 1944-, and Sonntag Volker K. H, eds. Surgery of the craniovertebral junction. New York: Thieme, 1998.

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Goel, Atul, Francesco Cacciola, and Francesco Cacciola. Craniovertebral Junction: Diagnosis - Pathology - Surgical Techniques. Thieme Medical Publishers, Incorporated, 2011.

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6

Specialty Imaging Craniovertebral Junction. Amirsys, Inc, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Occipital bone Occipital Bone"

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Vavro, Hrvoje. "Occipital Bone Intradiploic Encephalocele." In Neuroradiology - Expect the Unexpected, 125–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73482-8_18.

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Takano, Shingo, Takao Enomoto, Hiroko Onitsuka, and Tadao Nose. "Cloverleaf Skull Syndrome with Occipital Bone Cristae." In Annual Review of Hydrocephalus, 106–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-11158-1_67.

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Bordes, Stephen J., and R. Shane Tubbs. "The Occipital Bone: Review of Its Embryology and Molecular Development." In The Chiari Malformations, 109–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44862-2_6.

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Phulari, Basavaraj. "Cephalometric landmarks related to occipital bone." In An Atlas on Cephalometric Landmarks, 46. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11877_8.

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5

Kimbel, William H., Yoel Rak, Donald C. Johanson, Ralph L. Holloway, and Michael S. Yuan. "Recovery and Reconstruction of A.L. 444-2." In The Skull of Australopithecus afarensis. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157062.003.0005.

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The A.L. 444-2 skull was found on 26 February 1992, during a strategic paleontological survey of Kada Hadar Member sediments that are stratigraphically situated between BKT-1 and BKT-2 tephras, on the eastern edge of the Awash River’s Kada Hadar tributary. Yoel Rak discovered two fragments of hominin occipital bone (A.L. 444-1) at the base of a steep hill composed of Kada Hadar Member silts and clays capped by a weathered sandstone remnant. Subsequent examination of the upslope surface revealed additional hominin skull fragments (the temporal bones and maxillae) clustered together and partially exposed in a narrow gully that dissected the face of the hill. During the next seven days, probing and dry sieving of the gully infill and hillside colluvium over a 77 m2 area led to the recovery of fragments representing about 75%–80% of a single hominin skull. It was immediately apparent that the upslope finds duplicated the anatomical parts represented by the two A.L. 444-1 occipital fragments and therefore constituted a second hominin individual, cataloged as A.L. 444-2. In addition, the lambdoidal suture of the A.L. 444-1 occipital is completely unfused, suggesting subadult status, whereas fused cranial sutures and extreme dental occlusal wear indicate an advanced ontogenetic age for A.L. 444-2. In February–March 1993 the A.L. 444 hillside was excavated in an effort to locate missing parts of the A.L. 444-2 skull and to determine its precise stratigraphic provenance. No further remains of the hominin skull were encountered in situ, but a complete viverrid cranium and indeterminate fragments of large mammal bone with preservation and patina (mottled dark gray, white, and yellowish gray) identical to those of the hominin were excavated in an unstratified, cemented carbonate silt that exactly matches the matrix adhering to A.L. 444-2. We are confident that the hominin skull is from this sedimentary horizon. It is approximately 10.5 m stratigraphically below the BKT-2 tephra, which outcrops in the immediate vicinity of A.L. 444 Single-crystal laser fusion (SCLF) 40Ar/39Ar ages for BKT-2 and Kada Hadar Tuff (KHT) bracket the geological age of A.L. 444-2 between 2.94 and 3.18 Myr (Kimbel et al., 1994; Walter, 1994; Semaw et al., 1997).
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"Facial Bones – Occipito-mental." In Clark's Pocket Handbook for Radiographers, 100–101. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13283-44.

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"Facial Bones–Occipito-mental 30↓." In Clark's Pocket Handbook for Radiographers, 102–3. CRC Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13283-45.

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Mitchell, Graham. "The Skeleton of Giraffes." In How Giraffes Work, 342–81. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197571194.003.0015.

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The giraffe skeleton consists of ~170 bones. The dry mass of the skeleton is 70 g.kg-1 body mass. The average chemical composition of their bones is 33% minerals (mainly calcium and phosphorus in a ratio of 2:1), 34% collagen, and 33% water. The skull contributes ~10%, the vertebrae ~25% and the limb bones ~65% to skeleton mass. The average density of all bones is 1.6 g cm-3, ranging from 0.8 g cm-3 (cervical vertebrae) to 2.0 g cm-3 (limb bones). Resistance to fracture by vertebrae depends on their cross-sectional area, and is greatest in cervical and the first few thoracic vertebrae. Resistance to fracture by limb bones depends on wall thickness (the difference between inner and outer diameter), which is uniquely thick. The growth of all limb bones except the humerus follows a geometric pattern (length and diameter increase at the same rate) which confers resistance to compression stress. The humerus follows an elastic pattern (diameter increases faster than length) a pattern that resists bending stress. Giraffes bones are exceptionally straight which further reduces bending stresses. The torque generated by the mass of the head and neck is resisted by the ligamentum nuchae which is exceptionally well-developed in giraffes, extends from the lumbar vertebrae to the occipital crest, can have a diameter of ~10 cm, and can support loads of ~1.8 tonnes before rupturing. As a giraffe grows muscle cross-sectional area (and contraction strength) declines and the duty factor reduces, both of which reduce the risk of fracture.
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"FIG. 30.—Sections of orthognathous (light contour) and prognathous (dark contour) skulls, one-third of the natural size. a b, Basicranial axis; b c, b′ c′, plane of the occipital foramen; d d′, hinder end of the palatine bone; e e′,." In Man's Place in Nature, 1863, 114. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203503171-19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Occipital bone Occipital Bone"

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Mustafy, Tanvir, Kodjo Moglo, Samer Adeeb, and Marwan El-Rich. "Investigation of Upper Cervical Spine Injury due to Frontal and Rear Impact Loading Using Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-40209.

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Predicting neck response and injury resulting from motor vehicle crashes is essential for improving occupant protection, effective prevention, and in the evaluation and treatment of spinal injuries. Injury mechanism of upper cervical spine due to frontal/rear-end impacts was studied using Finite Element (FE) analyses. A FE model of ligamentous (devoid of muscles) occipito-C3 cervical spine was developed. Time and rate-dependent material laws were used for assessing bone and ligament failure. Frontal and rear-end impact loads at two rates of 5G and 10G accelerations were applied to analyze the model response in terms of stress distribution, intradiscal pressure change, and contact pressure in facet joints. Failure occurrence and initiation instants were investigated. Frontal and rear-end impacts increased stresses significantly producing failure in most components for both rates. However, transverse ligament and C2-vertebral endplate only failed under rear-end impact. No failure occurred in cortical bone, dens, disc, anterior or posterior longitudinal ligaments. The spine is more prone to injury under rear-end impact as most of the spinal components failed and failure started earlier. Ligaments and facet joints are the most vulnerable components of the upper cervical spine when subjected to frontal/rear end impacts and injury may occur at small ranges of displacement/rotation.
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Eslaminejad, Ashkan, Mohammad Hosseini-Farid, Mohammadreza Ramzanpour, Mariusz Ziejewski, and Ghodrat Karami. "Determination of Mechanical Properties of Human Skull With Modal Analysis." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88103.

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may happen due to loads at high rates. Due to the limitations in experimental approaches, computational methods can simulate and quantify mechanical properties. The experiments show that the human skull has nonlinear mechanical behavior and is significantly strain rate dependent. In this study, we implement Mooney-Rivlin nonlinear hyper and linear-elastic constitutive models to the experimental tensile data at different strain rates; 0.005, 0.1, 10, and 150 1/sec. A dried human skull including frontal, parietal, and occipital bones, was modeled by the 3D laser scanner and discretized by HyperMesh software to perform modal analysis using LS-Dyna finite element software. Using a roving hammer experimental modal analysis scheme, the frequency response function (FRF) and the first three natural frequencies of the skull will be measured. We found these natural frequencies are 496.9 Hz, 560.9 HZ, and 1246 Hz. Performing numerical modal analysis on the skull with pre-assumed linear elastic properties at high strain rate showed close natural frequencies as obtained by experiments. This study provides a new insight into a better understanding of the nonlinearity dynamical behavior of the human skull.
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