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1

Bridwell, Rachel E., Sean Clerkin, Nathaniel R. Walker, Brit Long, and Sarah Goss. "Portal Venous Thrombosis in a Special Operations Paratrooper: A Case Report." Military Medicine 187, no. 1-2 (2021): 256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab387.

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ABSTRACT Portal vein thrombosis is the thrombotic occlusion of the extrahepatic portal system, which can propagate towards the vena caval system. Although rare, it occurs primarily in those with cirrhosis, intra-abdominal infections, malignancy, or hypercoagulable disorders. This report describes the first reported case of a soldier within special operations without identifiable risk factors who was found to have a completely occlusive portal vein thrombosis after approximately 10 days of insidious abdominal pain. This case emphasizes the importance of considering this rare but dangerous patho
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2

Iqbal, Nabeela, Syed Khalid Shah, and Shamima Haneef. "Polycythemia Vera Complicated by Portal Vein Thrombosis and Budd-Chiari Syndrome:." Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College 10, no. 02 (2021): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51985/jbumdc2020019.

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Polycythemia vera is a medical condition characterized by raised hematocrit. Owing to increased viscosity, the blood flow in the vessels become sluggish leading to the clinical features of polycythemia such as headache, blurring of vision, red skin, dizziness, raised blood pressure, itching and more serious medical events like vaso occlusion, thrombosis and strokes. In this case report, polycythemia vera presenting unusually with heamatemesis, melena and abdominal distension. Physical examination of this case revealed massive ascites with dilated veins around the umbilicus. The diagnosis of po
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3

Strbe, Sanja, Slaven Gojkovic, Ivan Krezic, et al. "Over-Dose Lithium Toxicity as an Occlusive-like Syndrome in Rats and Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157." Biomedicines 9, no. 11 (2021): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111506.

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Due to endothelial impairment, high-dose lithium may produce an occlusive-like syndrome, comparable to permanent occlusion of major vessel-induced syndromes in rats; intracranial, portal, and caval hypertension, and aortal hypotension; multi-organ dysfunction syndrome; brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal lesions; arterial and venous thrombosis; and tissue oxidative stress. Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 may be a means of therapy via activating loops (bypassing vessel occlusion) and counteracting major occlusion syndromes. Recently, BPC 157 counteracted the lithium
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4

Wang, L. Q., B. G. Persson, and S. Bengmark. "The Influence of Portal Deviation on the Effect of Repeat Dearterializations of a Transplantable Adenocarcinoma to the Rat Liver." HPB Surgery 8, no. 1 (1994): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1994/68212.

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As liver tumours receive some of their blood supply from the portal vein, we wanted to illustrate the influence of portal blood flow in combination with dearterialization in the treatment of liver tumours. Forty male, inbred Wistar/Furth rats with an adenocarcinoma transplanted to the liver were treated with various inflow occlusions repeated daily for 5 days. Deviation of the portal blood flow alone with an end-side porto-caval shunt did not alter the tumour growth (p = 0.089). Thirty min of repeat dearterializations was potentiated by portal deviation so that tumour growth was delayed (p = 0
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5

Marn, C. S., and I. R. Francis. "CT of portal venous occlusion." American Journal of Roentgenology 159, no. 4 (1992): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.159.4.1326882.

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6

Shibamoto, Toshishige, Sen Cui, Zonghai Ruan, Wei Liu, Hiromichi Takano, and Yasutaka Kurata. "Hepatic venoconstriction is involved in anaphylactic hypotension in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 4 (2005): H1436—H1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00368.2005.

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We determined the roles of liver and splanchnic vascular bed in anaphylactic hypotension in anesthetized rats and the effects of anaphylaxis on hepatic vascular resistances and liver weight in isolated perfused rat livers. In anesthetized rats sensitized with ovalbumin (1 mg), an intravenous injection of 0.6 mg ovalbumin caused not only a decrease in systemic arterial pressure from 120 ± 9 to 43 ± 10 mmHg but also an increase in portal venous pressure that persisted for 20 min after the antigen injection (the portal hypertension phase). The elimination of the splanchnic vascular beds, by the o
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7

Terada, N., S. Koyama, J. Horiuchi, and T. Takeuchi. "Participation of adrenoceptors in liver blood flow regulation in anesthetized dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 253, no. 5 (1987): H1053—H1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1987.253.5.h1053.

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We evaluated involvement of adrenergic receptors in the responses of the hepatic vasculature to reduction either of portal venous flow or hepatic arterial inflow. Portal vein occlusion caused an increase in hepatic arterial blood flow (HAF) and decreases in hepatic arterial pressure (HAP) and hepatic arterial vascular resistance (HAR) in the intact group. After pretreatment with either yohimbine or prazosin, but not propranolol, occlusion of the portal vein produced a greater decrease in HAP as compared with that in the intact group. No significant changes in HAF, HAR, or hepatic tissue blood
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8

Kamikado, Chiaki, Toshishige Shibamoto, Minoru Hongo, and Shozo Koyama. "Effects of Hct and norepinephrine on segmental vascular resistance distribution in isolated perfused rat livers." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 1 (2004): H121—H130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01136.2002.

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We studied the effects of blood hematocrit (Hct), blood flow, or norepinephrine on segmental vascular resistances in isolated portally perfused rat livers. Total portal hepatic venous resistance ( Rt) was assigned to the portal ( Rpv), sinusoidal ( Rsinus), and hepatic venous ( Rhv) resistances using the portal occlusion (Ppo) and the hepatic venous occlusion (Phvo) pressures that were obtained during occlusion of the respective line. Four levels of Hct (30%, 20%, 10%, and 0%) were studied. Rpv comprises 44% of Rt, 37% of Rsinus, and 19% of Rhv in livers perfused at 30% Hct and portal venous p
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9

Bayraktar, Yusuf, Abdurrahman Kadayifci, Ferhun Balkanci, Burhan Kayhan, David H. Van Thiel, and Sevket Ruacan. "Splenic Artery Occlusion Masking Portal Hypertension." Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 22, no. 4 (1996): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004836-199606000-00021.

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10

Cheng, Yu Fan, Chien Fu Hung, Yang Han Liu, Koon Kwan Ng, and Chung Chueng Tsai. "Hepatic actinomycosis with portal vein occlusion." Gastrointestinal Radiology 14, no. 1 (1989): 268–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01889213.

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11

Sauerbuch (Discussion Leader), Tilman, Ulrich T. Hopt, Hannes Neeff, Bernd Pötzsch, Martin Rössle, and Dominique Valla. "Management of Portal/Mesenteric Vein Occlusion." Viszeralmedizin 30, no. 6 (2014): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000369153.

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12

Unno, Naoki, Takashi Uchiyama, Naoto Yamamoto, Kazunori Inuzuka, Daisuke Sagara, and Hiroyuki Konno. "Portal Triad Occlusion Induces Endotoxin Tolerance: Role of Portal Congestion." Journal of Surgical Research 135, no. 2 (2006): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2006.03.042.

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13

Park, D. J., and J. S. Heo. "Portal vein stenting for symptomatic portal vein occlusion after pancreaticoduodenectomy." HPB 20 (September 2018): S631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2018.06.2215.

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14

Alfidja, A., A. Abergel, P. Chabrot, et al. "Portal vein stenosis and occlusion stenting after liver transplantation in two adults." Acta Radiologica 47, no. 2 (2006): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850500444705.

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We report two cases of percutaneous transhepatic stenting of the portal vein to treat stenosis and occlusion disclosed 5 and 18 months, respectively, after orthotopic liver transplantation in two adult patients. If long-term patency is satisfactory, this technique should allow long-term management of portal vein stenosis and occlusion without the use of thrombolysis.
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15

Jeppsson, Bengt. "Liver Resection: Prolonged Inflow Occlusion in Human Cirrhotic Livers." HPB Surgery 10, no. 2 (1996): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/45405.

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To evaluate the tolerance of the cirrhotic liver to extended warm ischaemia, 47 patients with cirrhosis who underwent liver,resection over a 4-year period were studied retrospectively. Three groups of patients were identified. In group 1 (14 patients) liver resection was performed under conditions of portal triad occlusion ranging from 50 to 75 (mean 57.1) min. Group 2 (12 patients) was treated with portal occlusion for a period ranging from 30 to 42 (mean 33.1) min. Group 3 comprised 21 patients who underwent hepatectomy using conventional techniques. Mean blood loss was significantly reduced
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16

Jakab, F., Z. Ráth, F. Schmal, P. Nagy, and J. Faller. "A New Method to Measure Portal Venous and Hepatic Arterial Blood Flow Patients Intraoperatively." HPB Surgery 9, no. 4 (1996): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/15760.

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The intraoperative measurement of the afferent circulation of the liver, namely the hepatic artery flow and portal venous flow was carried out upon 14 anesthetized patients having carcinoma in the splanchnic area, mainly in the head of the pancreas by means of transit time ultrasonic volume flowmeter. The hepatic artery flow, portal venous flow and total hepatic flow were 0.377±0.10; 0.614±0.21; 0.992±0.276 l/min respectively.The ratio of hepatic arterical flow to portal venous flow was 0.66±0.259 There was a sharp, significant increase in hepatic arterial flow (29.8±6.1%, p<0,01) after the
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17

Hauenstein, Karlheinz, and Yan Li. "Radiological Diagnosis of Portal/Mesenteric Vein Occlusion." Viszeralmedizin 30, no. 6 (2014): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000370055.

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18

Duminuco, Andrea, Alessandra Cupri, Rosario Massimino, et al. "Handheld Ultrasound or Conventional Ultrasound Devices in Patients Undergoing HCT: A Validation Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 2 (2023): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020520.

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Abdominal ultrasound exams play a major role in the diagnosis of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD). The development of portable hand-held ultrasound devices (HHUS) has been shown to facilitate the diagnosis of many diseases, but little data on the value of HHUS in the diagnosis of SOS/VOD are available. We performed a study aimed at validating portable ultrasound (US) devices in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT). Sixteen evaluable patients undergoing allogeneic HCT were studied using conventional US and HHUS during the first 3 weeks after tr
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19

Ausania, F., R. Jackson, T. Tsirlis, and RM Charnley. "Portal vein occlusion following pancreaticoduodenectomy and portal vein resection: treatment by percutaneous portal vein stent." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 4 (2013): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2013.95.4.299.

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20

Youssef, E., M. Ghosn, M. El Hawari, et al. "Abstract No. 214 Portal vein stent placement for malignant portal vein occlusion." Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 33, no. 6 (2022): S98—S99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.295.

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21

Yada, Shinichiro, Kazuoki Hizawa, Kunihiko Aoyagi, et al. "PORTAL HYPERTENSIVE GASTROPATHY DUE TO CHRONIC PORTAL VEIN OCCLUSION IN CROHN'S DISEASE." American Journal of Gastroenterology 93, no. 8 (1998): 1376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.424_e.x.

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22

Liu, Lexin, B. Jeppsson, and S. Bengmark. "Bacterial Translocation into Portal Blood from the Gut during Portal Triad Occlusion." Digestive Surgery 9, no. 2 (1992): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000172068.

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23

Koós, Olivér, Tibor Kovács, András Fülöp, et al. "A posztoperatív keringésváltozások jelentősége a májsebészetben." Orvosi Hetilap 156, no. 48 (2015): 1938–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2015.30289.

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There are two afferent (hepatic artery, portal vein) and one efferent (hepatic veins) systems responsible for the unique circulation of the liver. Given this special form of vasculature, acute, isolated (i.e. involving selectively one particular vessel) vascular occlusions may lead to different, however still life threatening conditions. Hence, it is essential to recognize these anomalies in order to preserve the healthy state of both the liver and the patient’s lives. Acute circulatory failures are dominantly associated with liver surgery. Adequate therapy can only be provided promptly, if th
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24

Jourabchi, Natanel, Justin Pryce McWilliams, Edward Wolfgang Lee, Steven Sauk, and Stephen Thomas Kee. "TIPS Placement via Combined Transjugular and Transhepatic Approach for Cavernous Portal Vein Occlusion: Targeted Approach." Case Reports in Radiology 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/635391.

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Purpose. We report a novel technique which aided recanalization of an occluded portal vein for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation in a patient with symptomatic portal vein thrombosis with cavernous transformation. Some have previously considered cavernous transformation a contraindication to TIPS.Case Presentation. 62-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis, portal vein thrombosis, portal hypertension and recurrent variceal bleeding presents with melena and hematemesis. The patient was severely anemic, hemodynamically unstable, and required emergent portal decompressi
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25

Ausania, F., R. Jackson, T. Tsirlis, and RM Charnley. "Portal vein occlusion following pancreatico-duodenectomy and portal vein resection: treatment by percutaneous portal vein stent." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 95, no. 4 (2013): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588413x13629960046075c.

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26

Hamza, Shereen M., and Susan Kaufman. "Effect of mesenteric vascular congestion on reflex control of renal blood flow." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 293, no. 5 (2007): R1917—R1922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00180.2007.

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Portal hypertension initiates a splenorenal reflex, whereby increases in splenic afferent nerve activity and renal sympathetic nerve activity cause a decrease in renal blood flow (RBF). We postulated that mesenteric vascular congestion similarly compromises renal function through an intestinal-renal reflex. The portal vein was partially occluded in anesthetized rats, either rostral or caudal to the junction with the splenic vein. Portal venous pressure increased (6.5 ± 0.1 to 13.2 ± 0.1 mmHg; n = 78) and mesenteric venous outflow was equally obstructed in both cases. However, only rostral occl
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27

Dou, Lei, Wei-Shan Meng, Bao-Dong Su, et al. "Step-by-step Vascular Control for Extracapsular Resection of Complex Giant Liver Hemangioma Involving the Inferior Vena Cava." American Surgeon 80, no. 1 (2014): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481408000111.

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Massive hemorrhage remains an important clinical problem in extracapsular resection of giant liver hemangiomas (GLHs), especially for those involving the proximal hepatic veins and/or inferior vena cava. Between July 2004 and March 2012, 87 patients with a complex GLH scheduled for surgical treatment were included in this study. All patients were underwent vascular preparation (Step 1), advanced hepatic artery clamping (Step 2), and stepwise vascular occlusion (Step 3). Intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion volume, degree of ischemia–reperfusion injury, and postoperative complications w
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28

Garbuzov, Roman V., Yu A. Polyaev, A. E. Stepanov, and A. A. Mylnikov. "ABERNATHY MALFORMATIONS IN CHILDREN. EXPERIENCE IN ENDOVASCULAR AND SURGICAL TREATMENT." Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery 24, no. 2 (2020): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9510-2020-24-2-71-77.

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Introduction. Congenital portosystemic shunt (SPSS) is a congenital anomaly of the portal system. Blood from the portal system, bypassing the hepatic bloodstream, enters the systemic venous bloodflow. Clinical manifestations are not specific. SPSS can be suspected in patients with arterial hypoxemia and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation, in patients with foci of nodular hyperplasia in the liver, with carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the form of hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia, hepatic encephalopathy, hyperammoniemia. Material and methods. Nine patients ( five boys and four girls) , aged
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29

Citron, S. J., S. A. Cohen, S. D. Brantley, and W. A. Troyer. "PERCUTANEOUS SPLENIC ACCESS TO RELIEVE PORTAL VENOUS OCCLUSION." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology &amp Nutrition 25, no. 4 (1997): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199710000-00161.

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30

Oka, Tatsuhiro, Tetsuro Ohwada, Tadanobu Mizuguchi, and Akira Kochi. "Effects of portal vein occlusion on myocardial contractility." Journal of Anesthesia 5, no. 4 (1991): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0054010050344.

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31

Hasegawa, Takaaki, Koichiro Yamakado, Haruyuki Takaki, et al. "Portal Venous Stent Placement for Malignant Portal Venous Stenosis or Occlusion: Who Benefits?" CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology 38, no. 6 (2015): 1515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00270-015-1123-2.

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32

Li, Bin, Yan Zhu, Lei Xie, Shuyang Hu, Shupeng Liu, and Xiaoqing Jiang. "Portal vein ligation alters coding and noncoding gene expression in rat livers." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 96, no. 1 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2017-0070.

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Portal vein occlusion increases the resectability of initially unresectable liver cancer by inducing hypertrophy in non-occluded liver lobes. However, the mechanisms of how portal vein occlusion induces hepatic hypertrophy remain unclear. A cDNA microarray was used to identify the gene expression signatures of ligated (LLLs) and nonligated liver lobes (NLLLs) at different time points after portal vein ligation (PVL). The results of a bioinformatics analysis revealed that LLLs and NLLLs displayed different gene expression profiles. Moreover, the expression levels of both coding and noncoding RN
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33

Dias, Miguel Angel, Reginaldo Ceneviva, Jorge Elias Jr., Sergio Zucoloto, Caroline Floreoto Baldo, and Paulo Roberto Barbosa Évora. "Liver histological, portal flow and plasmatic nitric oxide alterations caused by biliary obstruction and drainage in rats." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 23, suppl 1 (2008): 2–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502008000700002.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate liver alterations caused by biliary obstruction and drainage. METHODS: Thirty-nine male Wistar rats were randomly distributed in 4 groups: BO (n=18) bile duct ligation for 20 days, with a periodic evaluation of liver histological alterations, Doppler echography portal flow and measurements of NO and malondialdehyde (MDA); BO/DB (n=13) bile duct occlusion for 20 days followed by biliary drainage by choledochoduodenal anastomosis, 5 days follow-up, same BO group parameters evaluations; group CED (n=4) sham operation and portal flow evaluation trough 20 days; CHB (n=4) sham o
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34

Mountfort, Katrina, Mohamad Mohty, and Elisabeth Wallhult. "Defibrotide – A New Treatment Approach for Severe Veno-occlusive Disease." European Oncology & Haematology 11, no. 1 (2015): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/eoh.2015.11.01.11.

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Severe veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is a serious and life-threatening complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), for which the standard of care has until recently been supportive care. VOD is the result of a primary injury to sinusoidal endothelial cells and severe VOD is characterised by sinusoidal narrowing and occlusion, which leads to portal hypertension, multi-organ failure (MOF) and, ultimately, death. Defibrotide regulates multiple pathways involved in the pathological processes underlying VOD and is the first drug to be approved in Europe for the treatment of seve
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35

Jaffe, V., B. Alexander, and R. T. Mathie. "Intrahepatic portal occlusion by microspheres: a new model of portal hypertension in the rat." Gut 35, no. 6 (1994): 815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.35.6.815.

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36

Kameoka, Nobuhisa, Kazuo Chijiiwa, Shyuji Saiki, and Masao Tanaka. "Advantage of preoperative portal vein occlusion for hepatectomy that exceeds portal vein occluded lobes." Surgery 123, no. 5 (1998): 545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/msy.1998.86985.

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37

Shibamoto, T., H. G. Wang, S. Tanaka, and S. Koyama. "Hepatic capillary pressure is estimated using triple vascular occlusion method in isolated canine liver." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 271, no. 5 (1996): R1130—R1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.5.r1130.

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We determined whether the triple vascular occlusion pressure (Pto), the equilibration pressure obtained when the hepatic artery, portal, and hepatic veins were occluded simultaneously, represented the capillary pressure (Pc) in isolated bivascularly blood-perfused canine livers. Effects of a bolus injection of histamine (0.1-60 micrograms), norepinephrine (NE; 1-600 micrograms), or acetylcholine (ACh; 0.01-10 micrograms) into the portal vein or the hepatic artery were also studied on vascular resistance distribution using Pto as a measure of Pc. The livers were perfused at constant flow via th
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38

Cohen, Ronny, Thierry Mallet, Michael Gale, Remigiusz Soltys, and Pablo Loarte. "Portal Vein Thrombosis." Case Reports in Vascular Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/823063.

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Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is the blockage or narrowing of the portal vein by a thrombus. It is relatively rare and has been linked with the presence of an underlying liver disease or prothrombotic disorders. We present a case of a young male who presented with vague abdominal symptoms for approximately one week. Imaging revealed the presence of multiple nonocclusive thrombi involving the right portal vein, the splenic vein, and the left renal vein, as well as complete occlusion of the left portal vein and the superior mesenteric vein. We discuss pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and mana
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39

Rajeswaran, Shankar, and Victoria Young. "Management of Portal Hypertension in the Pediatric Population: A Primer for the Interventional Radiologist." Seminars in Interventional Radiology 35, no. 03 (2018): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660794.

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AbstractInterventional radiology's role in the management of portal hypertension in the pediatric population differs from the management of adult portal hypertension. In the pediatric population, portal hypertension is frequently secondary to thrombosis and cavernous transformation of the extrahepatic portion of the portal vein. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt can be utilized to manage portal hypertension in children with intrinsic liver disease that results in cirrhosis and portal hypertension, and is often used as a bridge to transplant. While technically feasible in extrahepat
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40

Yu, S. C. H., and K. J. Cho. "Carbon dioxide wedged arterial splenoportography: A new technique—a case report and an experimental study." Acta Radiologica 50, no. 3 (2009): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850802712676.

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Background: Patients with splenic vein occlusion may present a diagnostic problem when the location, morphology, and cause of the obstructive lesion and the associated collateral veins cannot be clearly defined by standard diagnostic imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance venography, or indirect splenoportography (arterial portography). Purpose: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of carbon dioxide (CO2) wedged arterial splenoportography for definitive investigation of splenic vein occlusion. Material and Methods: Following unsuccessful diagnosis with computed
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41

Wang, Jianfeng, Weili Yang, Qiang Huang, et al. "Interventional Treatment for Portal Venous Occlusion After Liver Transplantation." Medicine 94, no. 4 (2015): e356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000000356.

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42

Liu, Jiacheng, Chen Zhou, Qin Shi, et al. "Exploration of interventional therapy strategy for portal vein occlusion." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 32, no. 4 (2020): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/meg.0000000000001586.

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43

Herrero, Astrid, Regis Souche, Fabrizio Panaro, and Francis Navarro. "Endovascular balloon occlusion during reconstruction of portal vein injury." Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery 405, no. 3 (2020): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00423-020-01886-z.

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44

Chijiiwa, Kazuo. "Functional Contribution of Preoperative Portal Vein Occlusion to Hepatectomy." Archives of Surgery 131, no. 7 (1996): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1996.01430190101025.

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45

Stringer, M. D., N. D. Heaton, J. Karani, S. Olliff, and E. R. Howard. "Patterns of portal vein occlusion and their aetiological significance." British Journal of Surgery 81, no. 9 (1994): 1328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800810923.

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46

Knezevic, Mario, Slaven Gojkovic, Ivan Krezic, et al. "Occlusion of the Superior Mesenteric Artery in Rats Reversed by Collateral Pathways Activation: Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy Counteracts Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome; Intracranial, Portal, and Caval Hypertension; and Aortal Hypotension." Biomedicines 9, no. 6 (2021): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9060609.

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Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy counteracts multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in rats, which have permanent occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery close to the abdominal aorta. Previously, when confronted with major vessel occlusion, its effect would rapidly activate collateral vessel pathways and resolve major venous occlusion syndromes (Pringle maneuver ischemia, reperfusion, Budd–Chiari syndrome) in rats. This would overwhelm superior mesenteric artery permanent occlusion, and result in local, peripheral, and central disturbances. Methods: Assessments, for 30 min (gross reco
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47

Hillaire, S., D. Cazals-Hatem, M. Rudler, et al. "P.147 Veinopathie portale occlusive : étude rétrospective de 59 patients." Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 33, no. 3 (2009): A92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-8320(09)72778-2.

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48

Caldwell, W. M., D. P. McKown, J. A. Bleck, et al. "An automatic syringe for coronary occlusion in long-term collateralization studies." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 256, no. 6 (1989): H1707—H1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.256.6.h1707.

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A portable apparatus for performing repeated, brief coronary artery occlusions automatically in long-term chronic studies involving dogs and larger animals is described. The battery-operated, back-pack-carried device uses a motorized syringe driven by a digital-programmable timing circuit to inflate a coronary artery occluder for durations of 10 s to 3 min at intervals from 14 s to 16 h. A single battery charge produces 450 occlusions. The generated pressure is adjustable to 1,000 mmHg maximum. A separate fail-safe circuit monitors system operation to open a pressure-relief valve if occlusions
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49

Hulshoff, Jan Binne, Frans J. C. Cuperus, and Robbert J. de Haas. "Mass-Forming Portal Biliopathy Presenting as Extreme Wall-Thickening of the Common Bile Duct." Diagnostics 10, no. 9 (2020): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10090623.

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Portal biliopathy refers to biliary tree abnormalities in patients with peribiliary collateral vessels and non-neoplastic extrahepatic portal vein occlusion. These biliary abnormalities are caused by vascular compression and ischemic damage of the biliary tree, which can result in bile duct compression, stenosis, fibrotic strictures, bile duct dilation, and thickening of the bile duct wall. Portal biliopathy is difficult to distinguish from cholangiocarcinoma, IgG4-related disease, and sclerosing cholangitis. Although most patients are asymptomatic, portal biliopathy can lead to serious compli
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Swersky, Adam, and Prasoon P. Mohan. "Simultaneous Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Revision and Embolization of an Arterioportal Fistula in a Patient with Active Variceal Bleeding from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-induced Cirrhosis." American Journal of Interventional Radiology 4 (April 18, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ajir_12_2019.

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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) occlusion is a common occurrence that can be managed based on the nature and acuity of shunt failure. Arterioportal fistulas (APFs) are rare communications between portal venous and systemic arterial vasculature that can present with symptomatic portal hypertension. In this case, we describe the management of a patient with variceal bleeding due to TIPS dysfunction complicated by the presence of an APF.
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