Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)'
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1
Strohmayer, Henrik, and Ellen Ljusterdal. "Occupational health and safety engineers' support of clients' OHS management systems." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235395.
Abstract:
Background: Swedish law demands a systematic work environment management system (SWEM) and establishes the employer as responsible for this. In 2016, 44 % of Swedish Work Environment Authorities’ submissions regarded lack of SWEM. The law defines occupational health and safety services (OHSS) as an objective part with expert knowledge within the fields of work environment and rehabilitation. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to investigate how OHS engineers employed in OHSSs assist customer enterprises in the work of developing and maintaining OHS management systems. The study further aims to identify resources, factors of success, necessary skills and other factors that facilitate this work. Method: Six semi-structured interviews were conducted with OHS engineers employed in one of the top five largest OHSS companies in Sweden. Result and analyses: Respondents were found to apply similar methods in supporting clients’ OHSM although working in different regional branches and no nationwide training program exists. In working with OHSM support the OHS engineers mainly used self-produced, flexible tools along with external checklists and templates. Dialogue, an active involvement of the client in developing the OHSMS, internal motivation of the company and experience and competence of the OHS engineer was described as the most essential factors of success. Conclusions: Our study shows that the OHS engineers interviewed to a large extent work with OHSM support in a way that is consistent with what is found in other studies to be a successful way of collaborating with client companies. Areas of improvement for the OHSS company include deepening relations with clients, contracts better supporting collaboration and procedures for spotting client’s OHSM shortcomings earlier.There is a challenge to find a balance between giving OHS engineers freedom in choosing how they work, providing clients flexible solutions and assuring that certain standards of service are met.We identify the need of a mentorship program for OHS engineers within the OHSS company that would include tutoring both in OHS interventions and the consultant role.Finally, OHS engineers may need to develop their skills in OHS related business economy and how to integrate OHS interventions with the business strategies of the client companies.Bakgrund: Svensk lagstiftning kräver att arbetsgivare arbetar med systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete (SAM). Under 2016 ledde 44 % av Arbetsmiljöverkets inspektioner till anmärkningar på grund av brister i SAM. Lagen definierar företagshälsovård (FHV) som en objektiv part med expertkunskap inom arbetsmiljö och rehabilitering. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur arbetsmiljöingenjörer inom FHV hjälper kundföretag med arbetet att utveckla och underhålla ledningssystem för arbetsmiljö. Studien syftar också till att identifiera resurser, framgångsfaktorer, nödvändig kompetens samt andra faktorer som främjar arbetet med SAM. Metod: Sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer utfördes med arbetsmiljöingenjörer anställda i ett av Sveriges fem största företag inom företagshälsovård. Resultat och analys: Respondenterna använde liknande arbetssätt i arbetet med att stötta kunders SAM. Detta trots att de arbetade i olika regioner inom företaget samt avsaknad av nationella riktlinjer. I arbetet med SAM använde arbetsmiljöingenjörerna framförallt egenproducerade, flexibla verktyg samt externa checklistor och mallar. Dialog, aktiv deltagande av kund under utveckling av SAM, intern motivation hos kundföretaget samt erfarenhet och kompetens hos arbetsmiljöingenjören beskrevs som de viktigaste framgångsfaktorerna. Slutsatser: Studien visar att de intervjuade arbetsmiljöingenjörernas arbete med SAM i stor utsträckning överensstämmer med vad andra studier funnit vara ett framgångsrikt samarbete med kundföretag. Förbättringsområden för FHV-företaget inkluderar fördjupande av kundrelationer, kontrakt som bättre stödjer sådant samarbete och rutiner för att upptäcka brister i SAM tidigare.En utmaning är att hitta en lämplig balans mellan arbetsmiljöingenjörens behov av fritt arbetssätt, erbjuda kunden flexibla lösningar och samtidigt säkerställa en likartad service inom företaget.Behov av ett mentorprogram, som inkluderar handledning inom både arbetsmiljöarbete och konsultrollen, för arbetsmiljöingenjörer inom FHV-företaget identifierades.Slutligen kan arbetsmiljöingenjörer behöva utveckla kompetens inom arbetsmiljöekonomi samt hur arbetsmiljöarbetet kan integreras med affärsstrategier inom kundföretagen.
2
Thatcher, Anthony University of Ballarat. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12810.
Abstract:
"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
3
Thatcher, Anthony. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/32754.
Abstract:
"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
4
Thatcher, Anthony. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/15399.
Abstract:
"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
5
Matthei, Jonathan. "The Impact of Implementing Building Information Modeling (BIM) on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) During Construction." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297856.
Abstract:
Health and safety during construction remains a worldwide challenge that the construction industry is facing. The German construction industry recorded an average of 110,000 accidents per year in the period of 2010 to 2019. A discernible trend toward a decrease in occupational accidents is not visible. In this context, traditional safety planning does not seem to be able to guarantee sufficient health and safety during construction. In line with the BIM Roadmap published by the German Ministry of Transport in 2015, it can be recognized that Building Information Modeling (BIM) is supposed to be increasingly used in upcoming years. This paper aims to identify how BIM could positively impact Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) during construction. Therefore, a thesis procedure, combining quantitative and qualitative research with an in depth literature review is introduced. This study reveals a high added value of using BIM for (1) safety rule checking and design validation and (2) safety education, training and communication. BIM as a decision supporting tool has the potential to reduce the underestimation of safety hazards and improve safety reporting, which have been identified as current vulnerabilities in the construction industry. Furthermore, an added benefit to sustainability following the concept of Construction Hazard Prevention through Design (CHPtD) is illustrated. In practice, however, BIM for OSH remains unused, while those working with BIM are not familiar with safety planning. This study indicates that in order to fully utilize the potential of BIM, intuitiveness and standardization is required, while those implementing BIM and those using BIM need to be aware of and willing to exploit the potential of new technologies. The challenge now is to recognize the potential of BIM in relation to OHS and to actively use BIM for health and safety purposes.Att skapa en säker arbetsmiljö på byggarbetsplatsen är fortfarande en global utmaning för byggbranschen. I den tyska byggbranschen inträffade till exempel i genomsnitt 110 000 olyckor per år under perioden 2010-2019 och det syns ingen märkbar minskning. I detta sammanhang verkar traditionell säkerhetsplanering inte kunna garantera tillräcklig hälsa och säkerhet under byggandet. I samband med den strategiska BIM-implementeringsplanen som publicerades av det tyska transportministeriet 2015 ska Building Information Modeling (BIM) användas i allt större utsträckning under de kommande åren. Syftet med den här artikeln är att identifiera hur BIM skulle kunna ha en positiv inverkan på arbetsmiljö och säkerhet (OHS) på byggarbetsplatsen. Studien kombinerar kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning med en djupgående litteraturgenomgång. Resultatet visar att det finns ett stort mervärde i att använda BIM för (1) kontroll av säkerhetsregler och validering av konstruktionen och (2) utbildning, träning och kommunikation om säkerhet. BIM som beslutsstöd kan möjliggöra en mer realistisk bedömning av säkerhetsrisker och förbättra säkerhetsrapporteringen, vilket har identifierats som aktuella sårbarheter i byggbranschen. Det finns också fördelar med att implementera konceptet Construction Hazard Prevention through Design (CHPtD). I praktiken är dock BIM för arbetsmiljöfrågor fortfarande oanvänd, samtidigt som de som arbetar med BIM inte är tillräckligt bekanta med säkerhetsaspekter. För att BIM:s potential ska kunna utnyttjas fullt ut krävs en ökad användarvänlighet och standardisering av verktygen. Samtidigt måste de som implementerar och använder BIM vara medvetna om och villiga att utnyttja den nya teknikens potential. Utmaningen är nu att förstå potentialen av BIM för arbetsmiljöaspekter och att proaktivt använda BIM för att öka säkerheten på byggarbetsplatser.
6
Nestor, Meredith. "The effect of occupational health and safety regulator intervention on the Australian Army." Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/397588.
Abstract:
What is the effect of occupational health and safety regulator intervention on the Australian Army?
Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate how Regulator intervention influenced the Australian Army’s behavioural compliance, after changes to OHS legislation, and how outcome performance could be measured. Military members are trained for brinkmanship, to positively navigate the edge between recklessness and risk avoidance, sometimes with catastrophic consequences. The removal of Crown exemption from Commonwealth OHS legislation in 2004 was followed by a series of prosecutions of the Australian Defence Force (ADF), particularly the Australian Army, for death and serious injury in training. This provided a unique opportunity to study what interventions are most effective, how regulator intervention prevents harm, and how that could be measured in a high-risk work environment.
Methods: A literature review identified the most effective interventions were new OHS regulations and regulatory inspections. A model for regulatory intervention was developed, showing regulatory and contextual factors that influence a decision to comply. A case study of the death of Trooper Angus Lawrence from heat stroke in 2004 was undertaken, to determine which factors most influenced behavioural compliance in the Army. The model had to be redesigned into a matrix to show how factors overlap in the real world. Available data sets were reviewed to assess if changes in incident and injury rates could be linked to intervention, and provide a performance measure for the Regulator.
Results: Combined regulatory factors had more influence than contextual factors. The most significant regulatory factors affecting decision making were reduced awareness and perception of relevance, which contributed to a reduced understanding of how to comply at the operational level of decision-making.
Non-regulatory contextual factors were less evident, but more influential at the tactical level, and could be improved by Regulator communication penetrating the Army workplace. Comcare lacked a network to communicate external legislative requirements because ADF members are exempt from consultative arrangements which undermined a key objective of the OHS Act.
The absence of trained uniformed Health and Safety Representatives in the workplace, empowered to stop work, was a key factor. Fear of prosecution and penalties were not influential in decision making. Ability and willingness to comply became evident after a breach was detected and understood.
Comcare did not have access to reliable injury data for the ADF or Army because rehabilitation and compensation arrangements were historically complicated, and Defence members are not included in key national data sets. The frequency and severity of data on heat illness in the Defence incident data base was not considered reliable, therefore the effect of changes to the OHS Act on performance outcomes could not be measured.
Conclusions: The effect of OHS regulator intervention on the Australian Army could not be reliably measured. Changes to the OHS Act in 2004 were not associated with improvements in regulatory administration or behavioural compliance in the Army, and regulator performance could not be reliably measured. This thesis questions if Defence Declarations and Exemptions from consultative arrangements are still relevant, or if they create unintended liability for military commanders.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Arts Research (MARes)
School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
7
Cowley, Stephen. "OH&S in small business : Influencing the decision makers : The application of a social marketing model to increase the uptake of OHS risk control." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/55423.
Abstract:
Losses resulting from traumatic injuries and occupational disease are prevalent in the small business sector of Australian industry. Although the true size of the problem is unclear, it is estimated that the losses amount to more than $8 billion annually. The hazard control measures to counter these losses are largely known and are available to small businesses but they are not widely adopted. Regulators and other bodies have employed a range of intervention strategies to influence decision-makers in small businesses but most have focussed on the dissemination of printed materials or broadbased advertising campaigns with limited success......... The research concludes that the listening processes at the heart of social marketing add to the methods already used in the OHS discipline by forcing the marketer to listen to the subjective assessment of risk as perceived by targets as well as to question the evidence base that supports the legitimacy and efficacy of the proposed intervention. The TTM was found to be a useful means of categorising small business decision-maker behaviour and assessing the readiness for change of individuals and therefore the messages that are needed to unfreeze behaviour. The TTM also provides a tool for evaluation of the impact of an intervention.As a result of this research it is suggested that opinion leaders, who are employed within a social marketing model to diffuse information, multiply the effort of those wishing to increase the adoption of an innovation. Thus engagement of opinion leaders by an OHS authority for the communication of risk control messages may be more cost-effective than attempting to visit every workplace within an industry group. Thus, although social marketing is not in the general repertoire of OHS interventions, it appears to be extremely useful as a framework for interventions and, when used in concert with a stages of change model, provides natural lead indicators for evaluating the impact of OHS interventions. Application of social marketing to people who have the responsibility for the health and safety of others was unique.Doctor of Philosphy
8
Valluru, Charan T. "The subcontractor safety problem: hidden, variable, and outsider work." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/414914.
Abstract:
The continued rise of non-standard forms of employment, including increased use of subcontractors, has focused industry and research attention on how to manage the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) of subcontractor employees. Existing measures to mitigate OHS risk appear to be less effective in the case of subcontractor employees as they are shaped by principal contractors and regulatory bodies in isolation to the realities of the non-standard nature of subcontractor work.
From this point of view, in order to successfully manage subcontractor OHS risk, it is necessary to explore OHS risk as a perceived uncertainty that is constructed by the various stakeholders ((1) Principal Contractor and Subcontractor management, (2) Regulator, and (3) Subcontractor employees) based on their understanding of subcontractor work. The thesis is structured as a series of three studies, each addressing a different stakeholder point of view. The first study utilises focus groups to understand the reasons behind subcontractor OHS risk from the viewpoint of the managements of principal contractors and subcontractors. The second study utilises accident case studies to explore the viewpoint of the regulator. The third study is a six-month ethnography in an Australian utility organisation where data was collected through participant observations and 17 semi structured interviews with both the principal contractor and subcontractor employees to identify how the precarious nature of subcontractor work impacts their perception of OHS risk.
A key question throughout this work was why do some subcontractors experience significantly higher OHS risk than others? To explain this, the thesis introduces the notion of ‘standing’. Standing is the informal hierarchical position of a subcontractor employee. This includes concepts previously discussed in the literature such as employee safety voice, injury reporting, and authority to stop work, but also factors such as job autonomy, and invoked paternalism from Principal Contractor/Client co-workers. The thesis concludes that standing contributes to subcontractor OHS risk through its connection to the precariousness of subcontractor work. The results have further implications towards the design of more well-rounded solutions to improve subcontractor OHS that take the nature of the work into consideration.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
9
Cowley, Stephen. "OH&S in small business : influencing the decision makers : the application of a social marketing model to increase the uptake of OHS risk control." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14590.
Abstract:
Losses resulting from traumatic injuries and occupational disease are prevalent in the small business sector of Australian industry. Although the true size of the problem is unclear, it is estimated that the losses amount to more than $8 billion annually. The hazard control measures to counter these losses are largely known and are available to small businesses but they are not widely adopted. Regulators and other bodies have employed a range of intervention strategies to influence decision-makers in small businesses but most have focussed on the dissemination of printed materials or broadbased advertising campaigns with limited success......... The research concludes that the listening processes at the heart of social marketing add to the methods already used in the OHS discipline by forcing the marketer to listen to the subjective assessment of risk as perceived by targets as well as to question the evidence base that supports the legitimacy and efficacy of the proposed intervention. The TTM was found to be a useful means of categorising small business decision-maker behaviour and assessing the readiness for change of individuals and therefore the messages that are needed to unfreeze behaviour. The TTM also provides a tool for evaluation of the impact of an intervention.As a result of this research it is suggested that opinion leaders, who are employed within a social marketing model to diffuse information, multiply the effort of those wishing to increase the adoption of an innovation. Thus engagement of opinion leaders by an OHS authority for the communication of risk control messages may be more cost-effective than attempting to visit every workplace within an industry group. Thus, although social marketing is not in the general repertoire of OHS interventions, it appears to be extremely useful as a framework for interventions and, when used in concert with a stages of change model, provides natural lead indicators for evaluating the impact of OHS interventions. Application of social marketing to people who have the responsibility for the health and safety of others was unique.Doctor of Philosphy
10
Jaunzems, Kelly. "Communicating workplace safety and health: Disrupting OSH messaging to embrace diversity via digital media and innovate around the social side of safety." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2021. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2463.
Abstract:
The communication of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) information within the workplace is an essential element for a successful, resilient, and productive OSH system. Organisations are legally obliged to provide information, training and instruction to their employees and contractors, in a way that is easily understood. Even so, individual organisations decide how, when, what, or where OSH information is communicated. Communication channels favoured by OSH professionals have not changed or advanced significantly over the past 20 years, despite substantial developments in technology and individuals’ evolving communication practices. Indepth interviews with management executives, OSH professionals, and employees who work on-the-ground, from multiple industries and organisations, have highlighted disparities and misunderstandings between those creating and communicating information, and the employees expected to understand and implement it. An overreliance on email, and a failure to understand employees’ communication preferences, has the potential to render internal OSH communication strategies ineffective. With reference to employees’ experiences, this research has produced guidelines and recommendations regarding effective ways to communicate safety and health information. It is anticipated that these recommendations will lead to buy-in, commitment, and engagement with the wider workforce.
Social media is noticeably absent from the list of channels currently used to disseminate OSH information to everyday workforces. Despite the extensive use of social media in similar industries such as health communication, OSH practitioners, safety organisations and workers’ unions have failed to adapt their communication practices to include these channels. It is essential to develop an understanding of organisations’ social media communication practices and the factors effecting audience engagement if an organisation wishes to use social media to effectively communicate with their audience. The research reveals that there is insufficient information available regarding the construction of social media messages for communicating OSH information to audiences. Rather, social media research has previously been approached predominantly from a marketing perspective. There was a clear need for the development of a model to help organisations improve their communication strategies using social media. Additionally, the work resulted in a communications-driven model to support researchers in analysing social media messages from an OSH perspective. This research has informed the development of blueprints for a Social Media Communication Process, and a Social Media Communication Formula to support the analyses of social media-based OSH communication, allowing OSH practitioners the opportunity to create social media messaging and communication campaigns that are primed to engage audiences around OSH topics.
The project also investigated the social side of safety and health: how employees create, shape, and manage shared perceptions of workplace safety and health. Knowledge of how perceptions are formed, how they can be influenced, and how OSH practitioners can encourage constructive conversations around safety and health in the workplace can deliver important workplace benefits. As Marshall McLuhan first argued 57 years ago, “the medium is the message”, and the ways in which OSH information are communicated are just as important as the information provided. Importantly, the communication of OSH within a workplace, and the resulting workforce perceptions, are inextricably linked with an organisation’s culture.
11
Bågfeldt, Ted. "Middle manager's work for occupational health and safety in the shipping industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105560.
Abstract:
The middle manager situation is sometimes squeezed between requirements from different parties at the same time as they are crucial for the development of the organization. Masters, chief engineers and managers in the catering department onboard are middle managers squeezed between the office requirements and the working conditions of their crew. The purpose of this study was to look into the middle managers conditions with focus on the work for good working environment onboard ships in the commercial shipping industry. A study was made consisting of two main parts, first a literature review and secondly focus group interviews. The literature review looked for findings about the middle managers work for occupational health and safety, which were mostly about industries and organisations ashore. These findings were tested in the focus groups in order to find out if they applied also for the commercial shipping industry and if there are any special things to consider there. The focus group members were of both genders, from different management positions and companies within the Swedish commercial shipping industry. So what recommendations can be made in order to improve the middle managers work for a good working environment or occupational health and safety (OHS)? Recommendations are given about competence, staff engagement, policies, shared leadership and administrative workload. Three findings are suggested for further research, shared leadership, administrative workload and client pressure. It is interesting that the type of shared leadership that are found onboard seems to be rather unique for the commercial shipping industry.
12
McNamara, Maria Organisation & Management Australian School of Business UNSW. "A comparative study of the occupational health and safety outcomes of permanent and temporary hotel workers in Ireland and Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Organisation & Management, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43417.
Abstract:
A substantial body of literature links precarious employment with increased exposure to occupational hazards and adverse OHS outcomes. While a majority of these studies has found that precarious work has adverse effects on OHS outcomes, findings are more mixed with regard to temporary employment (the focus of this study), and there are still many gaps in the research that have yet to be addressed. Various models have been proposed in an attempt to explain the causal mechanisms behind the health effects of precarious employment. However, relatively few studies have empirically investigated these mechanisms. There is also a dearth of research on the effects of precarious work on OHS outcomes in parts of the service sector, such as hospitality, despite the fact that these industries make extensive use of precarious work arrangements. Further, few studies have been based on international comparative data (and even fewer where the focus has been on a particular industry). This thesis seeks to address these gaps by investigating OHS outcomes of hotel workers engaged under different employment arrangements in Ireland and Australia. There are two principle objectives to the study. The first is to examine OHS outcomes, while the second is to test and refine the Quinlan, Mayhew and Bohle (2001) Three Factor Model in an attempt to explain the links between health and precarious employment. It also aims to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms by which these factors interact to influence outcomes. This study defines and tests a health and injury structural model. The structural equation modelling techniques employed have not been used in previous studies in this area and provide a clearer portrayal of the complex relationships between the many variables affecting the OHS of precarious employees in the hotel industry. The OHS outcomes range from exposure to occupational violence and stress to a wide variety of debilitating physical ailments. This research also highlights several indirect or spillover effects of precarious employment. The inconsistencies between both locations are mainly regarding perceived job security, economic and reward pressures and lack of control over working hours. Despite these differences, there are basic similarities between the locations that are important.
13
Hassan, Syed Ahmed. "Health, safety and environmental practices in the construction sector of Pakistan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183327.
Abstract:
Many south Asian countries are deficient in appropriate documentation, legislation and surveillance related to occupational health and safety (OHS). All these countries have high OHS incidence rate and labourers working in these countries are constantly exposed to occupational accidents and diseases. Although occupational accidents and work-related concerns have been in debate for a long time, no concrete moves have been taken, making situations worse and posing consistent coercions to an increasing labour force. The current research was carried out to examine the main hazards faced by construction workers in Pakistan and the response of health, safety and environment (HSE) department in plummeting these hazards and in certaining sustainability in construction companies in Pakistan. Workers working in the construction industry are incessantly bared to unsafe working conditions and have to confront several kind of hazards. This embraces exposure to sound, dust and toxic substances, issues of ergonomics, stress etc. This study employed a comprehensive fact-finding design. Data was harbored using interviews, academic articles and reports from international and national organisations. Employer, administration and labourers all lack knowledge about OHS issues in Pakistan. The majority of the labourers are unskilled, uninformed and unregistered. There are no native directives, which are coupled with both OHS and the construction industry. There is an absence of safety ethics, and neither reporting nor monitoring is conducted in the construction business. Companies see HSE issues as an economic burden which will eventually end up mounting production costs. Labourers don’t follow safety instructions; they don’t wear personal protective equipment (PPE), they reckon wearing this equipment would cause obstruction in their work and would influence their productivity. The use of PPE is essential in the construction activity, as it is considered as the last line of defence. All this has affected the construction industry tremendously collectively in terms of financial loss, human loss and image loss, and injury incidence rates have increased alarmingly. Implementation of sustainable development is a core responsibility of an HSE department. Dearth of HSE means lack of sustainability in the construction sector. Today, sustainability is an important aspect of development. It means that development should not only be economically feasable but also socially and environmentally viable both for current and future generations. There is much need to formulate new strict policy and laws or to amend old ones, laws which are effective and practical in promoting HSE and sustainability norms in the construction sector of Pakistan. The main hazards that are faced by construction workers are falling from height, lifting activity and electrocution. HSE departments play a chief role in minimizing worksite accidents and in promoting sustainable development in work settings. For ensuring sustainable practices on construction sites, HSE departments formulate integrated working policy, keeping in mind social, environmental and econmical aspects and considering inputs from all stakeholders. In addition, they look for innovative green technologies and green materials which are more environmental friendly, economical and require less energy.
14
Dunlea, Valmae J. "Occupational health and safety issues for small business in the Australian hospitality industry : a communication analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2001. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36784/7/36784_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
15
Abdullah, Nor Azimah Chew Binti. "Occupational health and safety management perceptions in Malaysian public hospitals: implications for the implementation of standardized management systems." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1339.
Abstract:
All industries in Malaysia, including government organizations, have had to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 to fulfill their responsibilities as an employer to ensure that workers have a safe workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 requires employers to perform minimum duties to ensure the safety, health and welfare of their workers, thus, the joint responsibility between employer and employees in the government organizations are expected to ensure the safety of a workplace. Although this regulation binds employers, the Social Security Organization (SOCSO) statistics showed a fluctuation in industrial accidents, from 114,134 accidents in 1995 to 85,338 accidents in 1998, then the accidents increased to 92,074 in 1999, 95,006 in 2000, and subsequently the accident was reduced to 85,926 in 2001 until 56,339 in 2007. As a consequence, the adoption of an effective OHS management system as a tool to assist in meeting legal obligations should ensure the development of a safety culture and provide the best approach to reduce accidents in an organization. Thus, government organizations need to transform the philosophy of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 into reality and the implementation of an OHS management system will assist in resolving OHS problems successfully and is also a means to legal compliance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the information about current OHS practices that can influence the development and implementation of an effective OHS management system and provide a systematic process for the implementation of a OHS management system to enable the Malaysian public hospital sector to meet its OHS obligations.This study used a correlation quantitative non-experimental investigation, i.e. survey, where the study focused on collecting and analyzing the data in a single study. Proportionate stratified random sampling was used in selecting the respondents. 418 employees from three state hospitals in the northern region of Malaysia participated in this study and that gave a response rate of 43.15%. The questionnaire was adapted from the Safety Climate Assessment tool, where it was to identify perceptions of the hospital employees regarding several OHS management elements and implication towards their OHS performance. Analysis of data was done using SPSS version 12 and AMOS 4.0 and the outcomes of the data were evaluated and recommendations were made on the strategies to introduce an effective implementation of an OHS management system in the hospital sector in Malaysia.From the structural equation modeling, this research demonstrated that a direct relationship existed between the independent variables and dependent variables. The reliability results revealed that the measurement constantly assesses what it is intended to measure and all the scales shown reasonable validity in determining how well the concept is defined by the measures. The findings of this study revealed that the general view of employees with regard to their OHS practices was in the range of low to medium, indicating a mixture of "disagree" to "almost agree". Based on the perceptions of employees to have effective OHS practices in the workplace, this study also disclosed evidence that the critical elements of occupational health and safety management were accident and injury procedures, leadership style, management commitment, health and safety objectives and safety reporting procedures, and safety training. In addition, the findings of this study reported five elements including health and safety objectives, safety reporting, management commitment, the role of the supervisor, and leadership style were seen to support the implementation of an effective OHS management system, however, safety training was not significant but lack of safety training might hinder the effective management of OHS. In sum, the significant results of this study were (1) management commitment; (2) health and safety objectives; (3) training and competence; (4) role of supervisors; (5) safety reporting; (6) leadership style; and (7) safety incidents: accidents and injuries in the workplace. It seems that all elements of OHS management and one dependent variable that are safety incidents were critical to ensure good practices of OHS in the workplace.Lastly, some implications of this study were this survey's instrument can be an effective measurement tool to demonstrate improvement and to reflect on how to improve problematic areas in their workplace. Furthermore, employees' perceptions are vital as a realistic approach of determining whether an organization has attained an acceptable level of safety in their workplace.
16
Domingos, Anacleto Gaspar. "A critical analysis of the Angolan Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) law and the protection it offers to employees of the oil and gas industry." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13186.
Abstract:
Includes bibliographical references.This study is specifically concerned with the effect of occupational health and safety (hereafter OHS) law in Angola and the protection it offers to employees in the oil and gas industry. The current Angolan OHS legislation continues to be characterised by the pre-independence legal system inherited from the colonial era, which creates a crisis of legitimacy and justice. This crisis may be resolved through the ratification of the International Labour Organisation OHS conventions. This dissertation examines workplace health and safety in Angola from a legal perspective in detail, and explores international instruments that are used to protect employees from unhealthy and unsafe conditions. An analysis of the relevant source materials reveals a disjunction between the international standards and the laws as implemented in Angola. It is a fact that the law is expected to offer as far as is possible reasonable health and safety protection to employees. Evidence demonstrates, however, that these laws have largely failed to meet expectations. The problem is not only the fragmentation and inconsistency of the OHS laws, but also that the framework is in need of revision and a dedicated plan to resolve the gaps in the existing legislation. The study thus explores the discontinuities and deficiencies of the regulatory framework as well as of the enforcement mechanisms. Similarly, it proposes an extensive shift of emphasis away from the current legal debate to focus on the relevant issues that will offer substantive protection to the health and safety of employees, as well as justice in law reform. Various steps need to be taken to ratify the OHS conventions in order to improve the deficient framework of OHS legislation in Angola.
17
Andrade, Luis Renato Balbão. "Sistemática de ações de segurança e saúde no trabalho para laboratórios de pesquisa com atividades de nanotecnologia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/96396.
Abstract:
As nanotecnologias são um conjunto multidisciplinar de técnicas que manipulam a matéria em escala nanométrica, mais precisamente partículas abaixo de 100 nanômetros, cujas características por conta do tamanho diminuto são essencialmente diferentes daquelas encontradas no material em sua forma macro. Em função destas novas propriedades dos materiais, existem lacunas de conhecimento relativas aos efeitos destas partículas sobre o organismo humano e sobre o meio ambiente. Embora ainda sejam consideradas tecnologias emergentes, seu crescimento é cada vez mais acelerado e o número de produtos que fazem uso de nanotecnologia em alguma fase de sua produção continua crescendo, bem como o número de pesquisadores envolvidos com o tema. Considerando este cenário e a literatura pertinente, este trabalho objetivou desenvolver uma sistemática de ações de segurança e saúde no trabalho (SST) para laboratórios de pesquisa com atividades de nanotecnologia. Esta sistemática é fundamentada na estrutura das diretrizes para um sistema de gestão de segurança e saúde no trabalho proposto pela Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT). A esta base foram agregadas diversas recomendações nanoespecíficas, sendo desta maneira consolidada a Sistemática de SST para Laboratórios com Nanotecnologia (S-SST/LabNano). Além da comparação desta sistemática com outras apresentadas por outros autores, uma pesquisa survey foi realizada, com o propósito de obter um retrato da SST em laboratórios com atividades de nanotecnologia no Brasil. De forma complementar, objetivando a adequação prática, a S-SST/LabNano foi avaliada em relação a realidade de SST encontrada em laboratório. O resultado final da tese, além da sistemática em si (S-SST/LabNano), almeja oferecer elementos de reflexão que possam auxiliar a gestão e o controle de riscos ocupacionais associados às nanotecnologias.Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary set of techniques that manipulates material at nanoscale, precisely particles below 100 nanometers whose characteristics, due to the small size, are essentially different from those found in material while in macro format. In the light of these new properties of materials, there are knowledge gaps regarding the effects of these particles on the human body and the environment. Although still considered emerging technologies, their growth is increasingly accelerated and the number of products that use nanotechnology in some stage of its production continues to grow, as well as the number of researchers involved with the topic. Given this scenario and its relevant literature, this study aimed to develop a proposed methodology of actions in occupational safety and health (OSH) to research laboratories with nanotechnology activities. This methodology is based on the structure of the International Labour Organization (ILO) guidelines for a management system in safety and health at work. Several specific recommendations were added, named Participatory Nano Safety Lab (PNSL). Besides the confrontation of this proposal with other authors, a research survey was conducted with the purpose to obtain a general picture of the OSH in laboratories with nanotechnology activities in Brazil. In a complementary way, aiming a practical suitability, the PNSL was confronted with the reality of OSH found in laboratory. The final result of this thesis, besides the methodology itself (PNSL), aims to provide elements of reflection that may assist management and occupational risk control associated to nanotechnology.
18
Franklin, Richard Charles. "Epidemiology of Farm Injuries in New South Wales." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1930.
Abstract:
Injuries to people living and working on farms in New South Wales continue to be a significant burden on the health system, Workers’ Compensation system, agricultural industries and farming families. Strategies to reduce the number and severity of injuries suffered by farmers and people working on farms rely on accurate information. Unfortunately there is no one dataset available to describe the circumstances surrounding farm injuries and the size of this burden in Australia. Hence, a number of different data sources are required to provide a picture of farm injuries. To date, there has been very little critical examination of what value each of these datasets provides to describing farm injuries. This Thesis aimed to: • Undertake surveillance of injuries occurring to people on farms or during agricultural production in NSW using data from an Emergency Department, NSW Hospital Separations information, NSW Workers’ Compensation Claims, and ABS Deaths data. • Critically examine the utility of Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths Data for the surveillance of farm injuries in NSW. • Critically examine data classification systems used in Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths data collections to describe the breadth of farm injuries in NSW. • Define the priority areas for farm injury prevention initiatives in NSW based on the information obtained from the examination of the data from Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths. • Evaluate the effectiveness of the NSW Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) rebate scheme and examine the utility of the data currently available in NSW to measure the performance of the program. Four datasets, Tamworth Emergency Department, Hospital Separations, Workers’ Compensation and the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Deaths data were used to provide information on the surveillance of farm injuries, describe the breadth of classifications used to describe farm injuries, and define priorities for the prevention of farm injuries. There were 384 farm-related injuries which presented to the Emergency Department at the Tamworth Base Hospital between 1 September 1997 and 31 August 1998. Emergency Department data collected in this study used the Farm Injury Optimal Dataset (FIOD) for classification, which allowed for a comprehensive picture of the circumstances surrounding the injury event. The three most common external causes of injury were related to horses, motorcycles, and animals. Commonly people were working at the time of injury. Children represented 21% of the people injured. The average number of injuries per 100 farms per annum was 34.7. An examination of hospital discharge data for NSW was undertaken for the period 1 July 1992 to 30 June 2000 where the location of the injury was a farm. Classification of cases in this dataset conformed to the International Classification of Disease (ICD) versions 9 and 10. There were 14,490 people who were injured on a farm during the study period. The three most common external causes of injury were motorcycles, animals being ridden and agricultural machinery. Children represented 17% of all farm injury cases. The rate per 1,000 farms ranged from 19 to 42 per annum. An examination of Workers’ Compensation claims for agricultural industries in NSW between 1 July 1992 and 30 June 2001 was undertaken. The ‘Type of Occurrence’ classification system was used to code the claims. There were 24,332 claims of which the majority were males (82%). The incidence of injury / disease in agriculture per annum varied from 37 per 1,000 workers to 73 per 1,000 workers. The rate per 1,000 agricultural establishments varied from 54 to 76. The average cost of a claim was $10,880 and the average time lost per claims was 9.2 weeks. There were 81 deaths and 3,158 permanent disabilities. The three most common agents were sheep / goats (5%), ferrous and non-ferrous metals (5%), crates / cartons / boxes / etc (5%). Using ABS deaths data to examine the deaths of people working and living on farms was limited to males whose occupation was recorded as ‘farmer and farm manager’ and ‘agricultural labourer and related worker’. There were 952 deaths over the period 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2000. The information provided a consistent series of cases over time. Areas where prevention should be directed included motor vehicle accidents; falls; agricultural machinery; other machinery; firearms; poisoning; and drowning. Using any one of the datasets alone to examine people injured on farms not only underestimates the number of people injured, but also misses particular types of agents involved in farm injuries. Each of the datasets used in this Thesis provides a different perspective of farm injury in NSW. By examining the information together, there are a number of areas which are consistently represented in each dataset such as falls and agricultural machinery. While no one dataset provided all the information that would be useful for the prevention of injuries, the available information does provide direction for the development of prevention strategies. The overall weakness of the information provided is that it misses a number of risk factors that contribute to farm injuries such as fatigue and training. The lack of appropriate denominator information also makes it difficult to directly compare the datasets and estimate the size of the problem. There are a number of additional coding categories that could be included in each dataset that would provide a better understanding of the different groups at risk of sustaining an injury on a farm or during agricultural work. These coding categories include activity at time of injury, admission to hospital, and occupation. An example of the use of data to determine the effectiveness of a farm injury prevention program is the ‘NSW Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) Rebate Scheme’ evaluation. Tractor rollover deaths have been identified as an issue for prevention by Farmsafe Australia; however, such deaths were not identified in any of the datasets used in this Thesis due to coding limitations in the ABS data. In this Thesis information about the evaluation of the ‘NSW ROPS Rebate Scheme’ is presented. The scheme was successful in fitting 10,449 ROPS to tractors and the following lessons were learnt: when providing a rebate, the administration (i.e. sending the cheque) needs to be done well; advertising is important and should be co-ordinated, increase the awareness of the risk(s) the intervention is aiming to prevent and effectiveness of subsequent solution (s); the program should ensure there is an increased awareness of the outcome the intervention is aiming to prevent; if regulation is part of the program, enforcement needs to undertaken; and should address any barriers to uptake. The information provided in this Thesis highlights the substantial burden that farm injury places on the agricultural and rural sector of NSW. While there is no one data source that can describe the circumstances and the burden of farm injuries, the currently available datasets do provide an insight into the circumstances of farm injuries and the burden these injuries place on health, Workers’ Compensation, agricultural industries and farming families.
19
Franklin, Richard Charles. "Epidemiology of Farm Injuries in New South Wales." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1930.
Abstract:
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Injuries to people living and working on farms in New South Wales continue to be a significant burden on the health system, Workers’ Compensation system, agricultural industries and farming families. Strategies to reduce the number and severity of injuries suffered by farmers and people working on farms rely on accurate information. Unfortunately there is no one dataset available to describe the circumstances surrounding farm injuries and the size of this burden in Australia. Hence, a number of different data sources are required to provide a picture of farm injuries. To date, there has been very little critical examination of what value each of these datasets provides to describing farm injuries. This Thesis aimed to: • Undertake surveillance of injuries occurring to people on farms or during agricultural production in NSW using data from an Emergency Department, NSW Hospital Separations information, NSW Workers’ Compensation Claims, and ABS Deaths data. • Critically examine the utility of Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths Data for the surveillance of farm injuries in NSW. • Critically examine data classification systems used in Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths data collections to describe the breadth of farm injuries in NSW. • Define the priority areas for farm injury prevention initiatives in NSW based on the information obtained from the examination of the data from Emergency Department, Hospital, Workers’ Compensation, and ABS Deaths. • Evaluate the effectiveness of the NSW Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) rebate scheme and examine the utility of the data currently available in NSW to measure the performance of the program. Four datasets, Tamworth Emergency Department, Hospital Separations, Workers’ Compensation and the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Deaths data were used to provide information on the surveillance of farm injuries, describe the breadth of classifications used to describe farm injuries, and define priorities for the prevention of farm injuries. There were 384 farm-related injuries which presented to the Emergency Department at the Tamworth Base Hospital between 1 September 1997 and 31 August 1998. Emergency Department data collected in this study used the Farm Injury Optimal Dataset (FIOD) for classification, which allowed for a comprehensive picture of the circumstances surrounding the injury event. The three most common external causes of injury were related to horses, motorcycles, and animals. Commonly people were working at the time of injury. Children represented 21% of the people injured. The average number of injuries per 100 farms per annum was 34.7. An examination of hospital discharge data for NSW was undertaken for the period 1 July 1992 to 30 June 2000 where the location of the injury was a farm. Classification of cases in this dataset conformed to the International Classification of Disease (ICD) versions 9 and 10. There were 14,490 people who were injured on a farm during the study period. The three most common external causes of injury were motorcycles, animals being ridden and agricultural machinery. Children represented 17% of all farm injury cases. The rate per 1,000 farms ranged from 19 to 42 per annum. An examination of Workers’ Compensation claims for agricultural industries in NSW between 1 July 1992 and 30 June 2001 was undertaken. The ‘Type of Occurrence’ classification system was used to code the claims. There were 24,332 claims of which the majority were males (82%). The incidence of injury / disease in agriculture per annum varied from 37 per 1,000 workers to 73 per 1,000 workers. The rate per 1,000 agricultural establishments varied from 54 to 76. The average cost of a claim was $10,880 and the average time lost per claims was 9.2 weeks. There were 81 deaths and 3,158 permanent disabilities. The three most common agents were sheep / goats (5%), ferrous and non-ferrous metals (5%), crates / cartons / boxes / etc (5%). Using ABS deaths data to examine the deaths of people working and living on farms was limited to males whose occupation was recorded as ‘farmer and farm manager’ and ‘agricultural labourer and related worker’. There were 952 deaths over the period 1 January 1991 and 31 December 2000. The information provided a consistent series of cases over time. Areas where prevention should be directed included motor vehicle accidents; falls; agricultural machinery; other machinery; firearms; poisoning; and drowning. Using any one of the datasets alone to examine people injured on farms not only underestimates the number of people injured, but also misses particular types of agents involved in farm injuries. Each of the datasets used in this Thesis provides a different perspective of farm injury in NSW. By examining the information together, there are a number of areas which are consistently represented in each dataset such as falls and agricultural machinery. While no one dataset provided all the information that would be useful for the prevention of injuries, the available information does provide direction for the development of prevention strategies. The overall weakness of the information provided is that it misses a number of risk factors that contribute to farm injuries such as fatigue and training. The lack of appropriate denominator information also makes it difficult to directly compare the datasets and estimate the size of the problem. There are a number of additional coding categories that could be included in each dataset that would provide a better understanding of the different groups at risk of sustaining an injury on a farm or during agricultural work. These coding categories include activity at time of injury, admission to hospital, and occupation. An example of the use of data to determine the effectiveness of a farm injury prevention program is the ‘NSW Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) Rebate Scheme’ evaluation. Tractor rollover deaths have been identified as an issue for prevention by Farmsafe Australia; however, such deaths were not identified in any of the datasets used in this Thesis due to coding limitations in the ABS data. In this Thesis information about the evaluation of the ‘NSW ROPS Rebate Scheme’ is presented. The scheme was successful in fitting 10,449 ROPS to tractors and the following lessons were learnt: when providing a rebate, the administration (i.e. sending the cheque) needs to be done well; advertising is important and should be co-ordinated, increase the awareness of the risk(s) the intervention is aiming to prevent and effectiveness of subsequent solution (s); the program should ensure there is an increased awareness of the outcome the intervention is aiming to prevent; if regulation is part of the program, enforcement needs to undertaken; and should address any barriers to uptake. The information provided in this Thesis highlights the substantial burden that farm injury places on the agricultural and rural sector of NSW. While there is no one data source that can describe the circumstances and the burden of farm injuries, the currently available datasets do provide an insight into the circumstances of farm injuries and the burden these injuries place on health, Workers’ Compensation, agricultural industries and farming families.
20
Malá, Jana. "Analýza rizik a zajišťování shody s legislativními požadavky BOZP v organizaci." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74416.
Abstract:
This thesis deals with risk analysis and ensuring the OHS legislative compliance within the organization. The goal is to apply theoretical knowledge in the field of risk analysis and ensuring legislative compliance to a specific organization and identify the organization for all the risks, evaluate them in terms of likelihood and consequences, then determine the greatest risks and propose measures to reduce their effects. The method used in the identification of risks is especially the safety inspection, risk assessment is performed by a simplified point method.
21
Shockey, Taylor Morgan. "Analysis and Interpretation of Occupational Exposure Monitoring Data from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) and OSHA Information System (OIS), 1979 – 2015." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155715411553358.
22
Franz, Luís Antonio dos Santos. "Proposta de um modelo para a avaliação e ações de melhoria na gestão da Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/17490.
Abstract:
Esta tese contempla a avaliação de maturidade, a metodologia Seis Sigma e a gestão da Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho (SST). Teve-se como objetivo geral propor e desenvolver um modelo para a avaliação e ações de melhoria na gestão da SST, sustentando-se nos conceitos provenientes essencialmente da avaliação de maturidade e da metodologia Seis Sigma. Este objetivo foi alcançado por meio de atividades de levantamento, análise e classificação do referencial bibliográfico pertinente; aplicação de um survey; construção de um modelo tendo em conta os resultados do survey e a base teórica analisada; entrevistas complementadas pela decorrente análise de conteúdo. Como resultados do levantamento bibliográfico, verificou-se uma predominância de técnicas com foco em ações pontuais quando se pretende buscar melhorias na área. Em termos de avaliação de maturidade, identificou-se que predomina ainda a concepção de modelos com cinco níveis de maturidade, que os modelos são normalmente estruturados por meio de grades de maturidade, e ainda, que são pouco freqüentes as aplicações para fins de avaliação na área de SST. Mostrou-se relevante o uso de características organizacionais como, por exemplo, a existência de serviços internos de SST e de certificações na área, setor de atividade econômica ou quantidade de subcontratados, para diferenciar cada unidade organizacional quanto a sua dificuldade em mudar o nível de desempenho na gestão da SST. Isso auxilia na avaliação e tratamento diferenciado dos problemas ou oportunidades, principalmente no que tange às práticas de gestão. Também, comprovou-se junto aos responsáveis pela gestão da SST em empresas de referência, que o modelo proposto e disponibilizável por meio da internet, é exeqüível e de fácil aceitabilidade. Além disso, ele poder ser utilizado remotamente, apresenta simplicidade de uso, interface amigável e a possibilidade de comparar empresas semelhantes, sem fornecer dados de acidentes ou doenças ocupacionais, ou ainda informações que identifiquem claramente a unidade organizacional.This thesis addresses the Maturity Evaluation, the Six Sigma methodology and the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Management system. The main goal of this thesis was to develop a model for the assessment of the OHS management system and corresponding improvement actions, sustained by concepts derived mainly from the Maturity Evaluation process and Six Sigma methodology. This goal was achieved through the review, analysis and classification of the relevant bibliographic references on the specific topics, the implementation of a survey and the construction of a model in view of the results of the survey, of the reviewed theoretical framework and of the interviews complemented by the corresponding content analysis. As a result of the literature review, it was possible to verify that there is a predominance of techniques focused on specific and isolated actions, aiming to implement some improvements in the area. In what concerns the Maturity Evaluation, it was identified that there is a predominance of models based on five maturity levels, that these models are typically structured by maturity grids, as well as that OHS maturity evaluation models are scarce. Some organizational characteristics, such as the existence of OHS internal services, existent management systems certifications, the activity sector or the quantity of subcontracted employees, have come to play a relevant role in distinguishing the organisational unit and the corresponding effort needed to change their performance level regarding the OSH management system. The identification of this organisational profile will aid in the differential evaluation and treatment of the problems or opportunities regarding management practices in particular. Taking into consideration the opinion of OHS managers from some reference companies, it was also demonstrated that the proposed model, which is available online, is feasible and easily acceptable. Furthermore, the model, which can be used at a distance, is easy to use, has a user-friendly interface and allows for the comparison of similar companies without needing to provide details regarding company records on accidents, professional diseases or other information that clearly identifies the organisational unit.
23
Niče, Tomáš. "Příprava a realizace auditu BOZP." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399367.
Abstract:
The diploma thesis deals with preparation and implementation of an OHS audit in the industrial enterprise. In the theoretical part, contemporary trends in OHS are described and then attention is kept to the occupational safety, including injury rate in Czech republic and new requirements for occupational health and safety management system according to standard ČSN ISO 45001:2018. In the practical part, company FORTEX – AGS, a.s. is introduced, especially department of transport and mechanization, where was safety audit executed. Then there is assessed occupational health and safety management systém introduced, first by analyzing this system and then by internal audit OHS, in which were requirements new standard ČSN ISO 45001:2018 accounted. At the last part, recommendations are proposed to improvement of occupational health and safety management system and obtaining certificate ČSN ISO 45001:2018.
24
Procházka, Václav. "Bezpečnost a hygiena práce ve výstavbě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240146.
Abstract:
The thesis aims to introduce the issue of health and safety in construction. The issue of safety at work is explained in the first part of the theoretical part. Problems of hygiene are explained in the second part. The practical part deals with the mapping of the situation in the construction industry and occupational health and safety plan.
25
Laurinová, Denisa. "Bezpečnost a ochrana zdraví při práci." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262149.
Abstract:
The theme of this thesis is occupational safety and health. The thesis contains legislation of occupational health and safety, basic concepts related to this topic, occupational health and safety management, risk analysis methods. The second part is focused on occupational safety and health at manufacturing company. In this section, the functioning of OSH in the company through internal documents and questionnaires is analyzed. Also in the conclusion are suggested possible improvements of occupational health and safety.
26
Foltýn, Jiří. "Návrh na zlepšení pracovních podmínek v podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222150.
Abstract:
Master's thesis is focused on work conditions area in selected company, especially on occupational health and safety. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze work conditions, which are in the company nowadays, and to create suggestion, which should lead to the correction of eventual gaps. This correction should lead to the improvement of the work conditions in the company, and should be also acceptable for the company.
27
Palička, David. "Audit bezpečnosti ve výrobním centru betonových směsí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399273.
Abstract:
In this thesis I focus on a safety audit in a plant for the preparation of concrete carried out according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs. In the first part some examples of accidents in plants for the preparation of concrete in Czech Republic as well as in abroad are stated. In the second part I describe the subject of work injury in Czech Republic and the obligations of employees and employers in accordance with the labour code. The third part deals with the safety management, occupational health and safety management system and briefly covers various types of audits. The next part analyses briefly concrete composition and its production process, the function of plant for the preparation of concrete and safety requirements demanded from the plant for the preparation of concrete in accordance with an appropriate standard. The last part describes the audit itself processed according to Self-Audit Handbook for SMEs at two plants. The aim of this thesis is to process and to evaluate results of two audits that took place at plans for preparation of the concrete and to propose corrective actions and process improvements.
28
Thatcher, Anthony. "Occupational stress identified in occupational, health and safety practitioners." Thesis, The author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1991. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/51909.
29
Gungor, Alper. "Occupational Health And Safety Management Tool." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12604694/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Labor protection, that is prevention of occupational disease and reducing the frequency of accident, has always been a matter of major concern of mining industry. Management and the government should promote and maintain high safety standards through some measures and tools to reduce frequency of accidents and occupational diseases.
This thesis describes the development of a national occupational health and safety management tool that is composed of educational, statistical and database interfaces for mine safety and health administration.
The detailed analysis of an accident requires knowledge of many parameters such as location, time, type, cost of the accident, victim information, nature of injury, result of the accident etc. that can be obtained from a standard coded accident report form. So, database interface of the management tool is developed with this sense to realize collecting accident data in a nationally used format to produce a common safety reporting system.
Prepared database maintains user-friendly environment on Internet to submit accident information. Dynamic structure and ease of use of the developed database allow administered user to expand it without detailed computer programming knowledge. This was achieved by prepared modules to change or register new data fields within the database.
Created database is also secure since only gives data input access rights to registered users. Database administrator is able to create registered users. Registered users could be safety engineer or manager of a mine who is responsible from the submission of data to the ministry of labor. So, standard and secure accident data collected rapidly through Internet connection.
The other feature of the database is that, it is open to all people to query accidents with many aspects.
Prepared management tool also includes educational interface, content of which can also be enlarged, as the new ideas, information or solutions for accidents are improved. This information is also open to all people since educating workers and managers about accidents and prevention techniques can improve working conditions and increase awareness.
Knowing the fact that submitted accident data is still collected in hard copies in folders, the need for a kind of management tool, which is completed in this study, is obvious. Application of this kind of management tool will be able to prevent the collection of accident data in dusty shelves and share the accident data information with all people who are interested in with this subject.
30
Güngör, Alper. "Occupational health and safety management tool." Ankara : METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604694/index.pdf.
Abstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Middle East Technical University, 2004.Keywords: Accident Report Form, Accident Database, Occupational Diseases and Mine Accidents, Accident Reporting System, Health and Safety Management Tool.
31
Imshenetska, Anna. "Occupational safety discipline importance." Thesis, Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14721.
Abstract:
The work deals with occupational safety and its importance for an employee. Labour protection is a normative discipline that is studied in order to form future specialists’ level of proficiency on legal and organizational issues in the sphere of occupational safety.Робота стосується питань охорони праці та його значення для працівника. Охорона праці – це нормативна дисципліна, яка вивчається з метою формування рівня професійності майбутніх фахівців у галузі юридичних та організаційних питань у сфері охорони праці.
Работа посвящена вопросам охраны труда и ее значению для работника. Охрана труда – это нормативная дисциплина, изучается с целью формирования уровня профессионализма будущих специалистов в области юридических и организационных вопросов в сфере охраны труда.
32
van, Doorn Rolf. "Prüfung und Zertifizierung von E-Learning-Programmen im Arbeitsschutz auf Basis der DIN EN ISO/IEC 19796-1." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-143298.
33
Grazier, Suzanne Jayne. "Empirical essays on occupational health and safety." Thesis, Swansea University, 2007. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42818.
Abstract:
This thesis explores a number of aspects related to occupational health and safety. It discusses health and safety at work legislation and policy, and reviews trends in reported workplace accidents and illnesses. Empirically, it considers the impact that various labour market characteristics and policies have upon a workplace's injury and ill-health record, focussing especially upon arrangements common in today's workplace such as working more than 48 hours per week and flexitime policies. It also returns to Adam Smith's compensating wage differentials theory, and examines its relevance today in the context of whether workers receive a wage premium for being exposed to high accident risk. The impact that trade unions have upon the risk premium is reconsidered, given ambiguity in the earlier literature. As an emerging labour market institution, the role of the health and safety committee is also considered. It further investigates workers' aversion to accident risk, and whether personal characteristics, specifically gender and family composition, can be used to predict which workers will sort into relatively hazardous occupations. The contribution that differences in accident rates between occupations will make to occupational gender segregation is then explored. Following a similar hypothesis, it also examines if there is a relationship between smoking behaviour and the accident risk of a person's occupation.
34
Casirnano, Tara. "Effectiveness of a worksite health promotion program to improve health-related quality of life indicators." Thesis, TUI University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663402.
Abstract:
Health and wellness is essential to each individual's quality of life. The importance of health and wellness is not only of an individual concern but also a population-based societal concern. Currently there is growing epidemic or obesity as 65% of American adults are either overweight or obese. The work setting is an ideal location to foster healthy behaviors as most adults spend the majority of their day there. The need for health-related activities is supported in many different types of workplaces, especially in higher education settings. This study aimed to explore the relationship of a health promotion program using pedometers on the health-related indicators of the SF-36v2 and vital functioning of the participants in a college setting. The association of participant's health promotion level to changes in health-related indicators and vital functioning was also explored.
A pre-test post-test experimental design was conducted with a convenience sample of 29 participants. All 29 participants completed the pre-test, the 6 week health promotion program using pedometers, and the first post-test (post-test 1). Only 15 individuals completed the second post-test (post-test 2) which was administered six months after the completion of the health promotion program. Paired sample t tests analyzed the difference in scores of each participant from pre-test (baseline) to post-test 1. The paired sample t tests reported a significant improvement in the component summary and subtests of the SF 36v2 such as the mental health component summary (p = .013), physical functioning (p = .015), vitality (p = .033), and mental health (p = .005). The linear regression analysis revealed mental health component summary scores were a highly significant predictor of vitality (β = 1.075, p = .001), accounting for 50.5% of the variance in vitality. Vitality is unique to each individual. This construct can affects one's ability to activity engage in their roles and occupations.
Health and wellness support role performance. The roles of most adults consist of worker, friend, and family member. Fulfillment of roles and meaningful activities supports balance and quality of life. Having the physical and mental capability to perform one's roles in a variety of contexts leads to engagement and satisfaction. Sustenance of a healthy lifestyle via physical activity is also an integral component of wellness. Utilizing technology and support within the social, virtual, and physical environments have all been shown by this study to improve quality of life indicators. Improvements were noted to statistically support the use of pedometers, points of decision prompts, and email correspondence to increase physical activity levels as well as stages of health promotion.
35
Lundy, Shaun James. "Professional ethics in occupational health & safety practice." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2013. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13712/.
Abstract:
This thesis provides a critical evaluation of a real world project involving the researcher as leader of a review and subsequent development of a new Code of Conduct for the world’s largest health and safety body, the Institution of Occupational Safety Health (IOSH, 2011). The health and safety profession in the UK has seen many changes over the last 10-years, in particular a stronger focus on degree education, continual professional development (CPD) and Chartered Practitioner status. In addition to these progressive changes the profession has also seen a rise in the negative media coverage regarding reported risk aversion in decision-making processes. In response to the negative media and at the request of the conservative party, then in opposition, Lord Young led a complete review of health and safety in Great Britain(Young, 2010). More recently, the Government requested a further independent review into health and safety legislation (Löfstedt, 2011). Since the publication of these reports there have been calls for more rigorous competence standards for consultants and a move towards more industry led self-regulation. This has seen IOSH placed in a strong influencing position, albeit with added scrutiny of its own regulation of members. The researcher led a critical review of the existing Code as part of an IOSH standing Committee, the Profession Committee (PC) that has the responsibility among other things for examining allegations of misconduct. The project was conducted as action research and was divided into 4 cycles or stages. Stage 1 involved the critical review and benchmarking of the existing Code against other Codes using an adaptation of the PARN criteria. Stage 2 involved the consultation process for the development of a new Code. This included the researcher’s role as leader of the project and an evaluation of misconduct cases reviewed by the PC. Stage 3 involved semi-structured interviews of practitioners to explore experiential accounts of ethical issues from practice to inform the guidance on the Code. Finally, Stage 4 involved the concluding consultation and consolidation of all the stages for presentation of the revised Code to IOSH Council for approval. The project reinforced the benefits of applying a systematic approach for the development of professional body documentation. It also revealed the value of applying a flexible iterative methodology in the real world environment to prevent the project from diverging from its real world objectives. The outcome of the project has been positively received by IOSH. A new Code was produced with guidance and a revised disciplinary procedure that is fit for purpose and adaptable to change through the use of robust development and broad consultation processes. It is anticipated that these changes will make a significant contribution to the wider profession and practice. An ethical decision making model was developed from the findings and includes a dissemination strategy for the profession.
36
au, buxtons@senet com, and Sandra Michelle Buxton. "Shift Work: An Occupational Health and Safety Hazard." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040302.154645.
Abstract:
Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community.
The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin.
While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes.
The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.
37
Buxton, Sandra Michelle. "Shift work: an occupational health and safety hazard." Buxton, Sandra Michelle (2003) Shift work: an occupational health and safety hazard. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/495/.
Abstract:
Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community.
The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin.
While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes.
The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended - to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.
38
Grubb, Mark. "intelligent clothing for monitoring occupational health and safety." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537685.
39
Buxton, Sandra. "Shift work: An occupational health and safety hazard." Thesis, Buxton, Sandra (2003) Shift work: An occupational health and safety hazard. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/495/.
Abstract:
Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community.
The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin.
While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes.
The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended - to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.
40
Buxton, Sandra. "Shift work : an occupational health and safety hazard /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040302.154645.
41
Bajerová, Radka. "Řadové rodinné domy ve Svitavách - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226105.
Abstract:
The subjects of the thesis are chosen parts of the building technological project for the preparation and realization of the terraced family houses in Svitavy. The solution includes The study of the main technological stages realization, Time schedule and financial plan, The project of the site facilities including design of the main hoisting mechanism. The realization of ceiling construction is described in detail by The technological prescription. The solution also includes a proposal of local and utility roads repairs on the streets Gorkého and U Studeného potoka.
42
Duret, Roxane. "De l'émergence des risques à leur intégration dans une organisation : le cas de l'industrie de la construction." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E068.
Abstract:
Les grands groupes de l'industrie de la construction souhaitent intégrer le concept de prévention au sein de leurs organisations en recherchant des améliorations techniques et organisationnelles et en déployant des méthodes tantôt coercitives, tantôt participatives visant une maîtrise du facteur humain. L'objectif de cette industrie est de contrôler les risques inhérents aux chantiers dont il est possible de déterminer plusieurs classifications. Le point commun de ces dernières est leur finalité, c'est-à-dire établir une liste exhaustive d'un ensemble infini selon des critères variables. Après avoir analysé les différents facteurs influençant sur la genèse des risques dans un environnement aussi particulier qu'est celui des chantiers de bâtiment, nous proposons un modèle dynamique d'appréhension des risques et d'aide à la décision reposant sur la mobilisation de la TNI et de la théorie des représentations sociales. Plus spécifiquement, en considérant les propriétés des risques « émergents » actuels, nous nous interrogeons sur la pertinence des moyens mis en œuvre par l'organisation pour permettre leur intégrationThe major companies of the construction industry wish to integrate the concept of prevention within their organizations by seeking technical and organizational improvements and by implementing coercive or participatory methods whose goal is to deal with the human factor. This industry aims at controlling the risks inherent to the construction sites of which several classifications can be determined. Those classifications have in common their purpose, which is to draw up an exhaustive list from an infinite set according to variable criteria. After analyzing the different factors that influence the genesis of the risks in such a specific environment as the building sites, we propose a dynamic model for risk understanding and decision-making, based on the mobilization of the TNI and the Theory of social representations More specifically, considering the characteristics of the current emerging risks, we wonder about the relevance of the means implemented by the organization towards their integration
43
Gozuyilmaz, Cem. "A System Approach To Occupational Health And Safety Management." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1095231/index.pdf.
Abstract:
In this thesis, methods used at present in occupational health and safety management are analyzed and a model safety management system is developed. History, development and recent occupational safety regulations in the United States of America and European Union are introduced to give a sight on this subject in developed countries.
The suggested model is evaluated with work accident data taken from a company and hazard and risk analysis methods are used to investigate these accidents. Preventive measures to eliminate and reduce the consequences of these accidents are recommended. Finally a model safety management system which can be used in all types of industry is developed.
44
Dhillon, Balinder Singh. "The State's role in occupational health and safety administration /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56897.
Abstract:
In the following thesis the administrative strategies in occupational health and safety regulation form the primary focus of discussion.The initial approach for ensuring acceptable work conditions had been through direct state intervention and the use of coercive power. In view of the limitations of this approach, over time, state regulation was replaced by the "self-regulation" or "internal-responsibility system" under which participants at the workplace were given an enhanced say in the regulatory process. Recent trends have continued to favour this shift towards deregulation of the state's administrative structures.
The self-regulation strategy, however, also has limited applicability and can only prove effective if applied in combination with the state's enforcement strategies. The two approaches need to be viewed as being complimentary to one another and not mutually exclusive. This being the case the state's role in the regulatory process would require re-examination and alteration to ensure an effective and efficient regulatory structure.
45
WURZELBACHER, STEVEN JOSEPH. "CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING AN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1139333722.
46
Cano, Yakelin, Grimaldo Quispe, Heyul Chavez, Nestor Mamani-Macedo, Carlos Raymundo-Ibañez, and Francisco Dominguez. "Occupational Health and Safety Management Model for Mining Contracts." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656173.
Abstract:
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.The importance of an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) in a mining contract allows the establishment of guidelines to prevent and mitigate accidents that may occur in mines and in exploration areas. Such guidelines are integrated to ensure compliance with regulations with respect to the mining activity (DS 024-2016-EM). For developing a model, the literature was initially reviewed (scientific articles and research studies were used as the background), development techniques were established, and an OHSMS was proposed, with prior evaluation from the contractor. Subsequently, this study presents the general requirements, planning, implementation, verification, and the corresponding review by the appropriate authority. Finally, the model is established, supported by tables that will report the current state of the company and the implementation process. This study concludes with the execution of OHSMS in case of mining contracts.
47
Rudolphi, Josie M. "Occupational safety & health of young adult agricultural workers." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5617.
Abstract:
Background: Agriculture is the most hazardous occupational industry for young adults. Young adults are engaging in agricultural work and interacting with common hazards, however, it is unknown how young adults are engaging with such hazards and whether administrative controls including workplace organizational factors and social influences in the workplace are associated with safe working practice.
Methods: Workplace practices were examined among young adult agricultural workers (18-24). Workers responded to statements regarding their participation in six agricultural work areas, specific behaviors within each work area, risk-taking behaviors of parents, peers, and supervisors, and items about workplace organizational characteristics. A second study, conducted among swine facility workers in the Midwest, tested the effectiveness of an intervention that coupled behavioral theory with technology to increase the use of hearing protection in swine facilities.
Results: Results from the cross-sectional, online survey indicated supervisor influence was more strongly associated with reported workplace behaviors than co-worker/peer or parent influence. Furthermore, organizational factors including number of hours worked each week and the presence of safety and health policies was associated with workplace behaviors Results from the intervention study suggest behavioral tracking is effective at increasing the use of hearing protection among young adult swine facility workers in the short term, however, changes in behavior are not maintained over time. Supplying hearing protection is a more effective tool in facilitating sustainable behavioral change.
Conclusions: Results suggest interventions that address social and organizational factors of work to improve workplace behaviors among young adult agricultural workers should be tested.
48
Popplewell, Ainslie. "Occupational health and safety in the workplace reform environment : striving for best practice occupational health and safety in the Email Washing Products divisions." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164910.
49
Labrèche, France P. "Occupational solvent exposure and mental disorders." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74252.
Abstract:
A case-referent study was designed to investigate the relationship between occupational solvent exposure and mental disorders. New cases of mental disorder (males, 40 to 69 years old), were individually matched for age and date of admission to hospital patients and neighbors. An occupational history was obtained from 91.7% of the sample (1143 subjects, or 381 'trios'), during a telephone interview or by mail.No increased risk of mental disorders was found among subjects exposed to moderate levels of solvents, but the risk was elevated--though not to a statistically significant degree--at exposure to high levels. When diagnoses were divided into psychotic (ICD-9 codes 290-299) and non-psychotic (ICD-9 codes 300-316), the latter group presented an increased risk with exposure to high levels of solvents (odds ratio = 2.43, 90% C.I. = 1.16-5.08). No systematic exposure-response relationship was demonstrated, although there was a suggestion of increased risk of mental disorders among subjects exposed to high levels for 5 to 9 years.
Various aspects of referent selection--with a specific comparison of hospital and population referents--were also examined as a methodological issue of case-referent studies.
50
Snyder, Daniel Jay. "Philosophia Soteria| How Occupational Safety and Health Professionals Influence Decision Makers." Thesis, University of Arkansas, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13421816.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to identify ideas about how occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals influence decision-makers on matters impacting occupational health and safety management systems. A modified nominal group technique was used that involved 67 participants in ten nominal groups and identified the most important ideas about how OSH professionals can influence workplace safety and health decision making. The research produced themes of communication, scientific, professionalism, leadership, adaptability, and business acumen that resulted in six domains of occupational safety and health professional influence.