Dissertations / Theses: 'Occupational Health and Safety'

1

Thatcher, Anthony. "Occupational stress identified in occupational, health and safety practitioners." Thesis, The author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1991. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/51909.

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Gungor, Alper. "Occupational Health And Safety Management Tool." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12604694/index.pdf.

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Labor protection, that is prevention of occupational disease and reducing the frequency of accident, has always been a matter of major concern of mining industry. Management and the government should promote and maintain high safety standards through some measures and tools to reduce frequency of accidents and occupational diseases. This thesis describes the development of a national occupational health and safety management tool that is composed of educational, statistical and database interfaces for mine safety and health administration. The detailed analysis of an accident requires knowledge of many parameters such as location, time, type, cost of the accident, victim information, nature of injury, result of the accident etc. that can be obtained from a standard coded accident report form. So, database interface of the management tool is developed with this sense to realize collecting accident data in a nationally used format to produce a common safety reporting system. Prepared database maintains user-friendly environment on Internet to submit accident information. Dynamic structure and ease of use of the developed database allow administered user to expand it without detailed computer programming knowledge. This was achieved by prepared modules to change or register new data fields within the database. Created database is also secure since only gives data input access rights to registered users. Database administrator is able to create registered users. Registered users could be safety engineer or manager of a mine who is responsible from the submission of data to the ministry of labor. So, standard and secure accident data collected rapidly through Internet connection. The other feature of the database is that, it is open to all people to query accidents with many aspects. Prepared management tool also includes educational interface, content of which can also be enlarged, as the new ideas, information or solutions for accidents are improved. This information is also open to all people since educating workers and managers about accidents and prevention techniques can improve working conditions and increase awareness. Knowing the fact that submitted accident data is still collected in hard copies in folders, the need for a kind of management tool, which is completed in this study, is obvious. Application of this kind of management tool will be able to prevent the collection of accident data in dusty shelves and share the accident data information with all people who are interested in with this subject.

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Güngör, Alper. "Occupational health and safety management tool." Ankara : METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604694/index.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Middle East Technical University, 2004.
Keywords: Accident Report Form, Accident Database, Occupational Diseases and Mine Accidents, Accident Reporting System, Health and Safety Management Tool.

4

Grazier, Suzanne Jayne. "Empirical essays on occupational health and safety." Thesis, Swansea University, 2007. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42818.

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This thesis explores a number of aspects related to occupational health and safety. It discusses health and safety at work legislation and policy, and reviews trends in reported workplace accidents and illnesses. Empirically, it considers the impact that various labour market characteristics and policies have upon a workplace's injury and ill-health record, focussing especially upon arrangements common in today's workplace such as working more than 48 hours per week and flexitime policies. It also returns to Adam Smith's compensating wage differentials theory, and examines its relevance today in the context of whether workers receive a wage premium for being exposed to high accident risk. The impact that trade unions have upon the risk premium is reconsidered, given ambiguity in the earlier literature. As an emerging labour market institution, the role of the health and safety committee is also considered. It further investigates workers' aversion to accident risk, and whether personal characteristics, specifically gender and family composition, can be used to predict which workers will sort into relatively hazardous occupations. The contribution that differences in accident rates between occupations will make to occupational gender segregation is then explored. Following a similar hypothesis, it also examines if there is a relationship between smoking behaviour and the accident risk of a person's occupation.

5

Imshenetska, Anna. "Occupational safety discipline importance." Thesis, Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14721.

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The work deals with occupational safety and its importance for an employee. Labour protection is a normative discipline that is studied in order to form future specialists’ level of proficiency on legal and organizational issues in the sphere of occupational safety.
Робота стосується питань охорони праці та його значення для працівника. Охорона праці – це нормативна дисципліна, яка вивчається з метою формування рівня професійності майбутніх фахівців у галузі юридичних та організаційних питань у сфері охорони праці.
Работа посвящена вопросам охраны труда и ее значению для работника. Охрана труда – это нормативная дисциплина, изучается с целью формирования уровня профессионализма будущих специалистов в области юридических и организационных вопросов в сфере охраны труда.

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Lundy, Shaun James. "Professional ethics in occupational health & safety practice." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2013. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13712/.

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This thesis provides a critical evaluation of a real world project involving the researcher as leader of a review and subsequent development of a new Code of Conduct for the world’s largest health and safety body, the Institution of Occupational Safety Health (IOSH, 2011). The health and safety profession in the UK has seen many changes over the last 10-years, in particular a stronger focus on degree education, continual professional development (CPD) and Chartered Practitioner status. In addition to these progressive changes the profession has also seen a rise in the negative media coverage regarding reported risk aversion in decision-making processes. In response to the negative media and at the request of the conservative party, then in opposition, Lord Young led a complete review of health and safety in Great Britain(Young, 2010). More recently, the Government requested a further independent review into health and safety legislation (Löfstedt, 2011). Since the publication of these reports there have been calls for more rigorous competence standards for consultants and a move towards more industry led self-regulation. This has seen IOSH placed in a strong influencing position, albeit with added scrutiny of its own regulation of members. The researcher led a critical review of the existing Code as part of an IOSH standing Committee, the Profession Committee (PC) that has the responsibility among other things for examining allegations of misconduct. The project was conducted as action research and was divided into 4 cycles or stages. Stage 1 involved the critical review and benchmarking of the existing Code against other Codes using an adaptation of the PARN criteria. Stage 2 involved the consultation process for the development of a new Code. This included the researcher’s role as leader of the project and an evaluation of misconduct cases reviewed by the PC. Stage 3 involved semi-structured interviews of practitioners to explore experiential accounts of ethical issues from practice to inform the guidance on the Code. Finally, Stage 4 involved the concluding consultation and consolidation of all the stages for presentation of the revised Code to IOSH Council for approval. The project reinforced the benefits of applying a systematic approach for the development of professional body documentation. It also revealed the value of applying a flexible iterative methodology in the real world environment to prevent the project from diverging from its real world objectives. The outcome of the project has been positively received by IOSH. A new Code was produced with guidance and a revised disciplinary procedure that is fit for purpose and adaptable to change through the use of robust development and broad consultation processes. It is anticipated that these changes will make a significant contribution to the wider profession and practice. An ethical decision making model was developed from the findings and includes a dissemination strategy for the profession.

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au, buxtons@senet com, and Sandra Michelle Buxton. "Shift Work: An Occupational Health and Safety Hazard." Murdoch University, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040302.154645.

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Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community. The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin. While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes. The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.

8

Buxton, Sandra Michelle. "Shift work: an occupational health and safety hazard." Buxton, Sandra Michelle (2003) Shift work: an occupational health and safety hazard. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/495/.

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Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community. The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin. While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes. The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended - to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.

9

Grubb, Mark. "intelligent clothing for monitoring occupational health and safety." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537685.

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10

Buxton, Sandra. "Shift work: An occupational health and safety hazard." Thesis, Buxton, Sandra (2003) Shift work: An occupational health and safety hazard. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2003. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/495/.

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Shift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community. The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin. While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes. The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended - to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively.

11

Buxton, Sandra. "Shift work : an occupational health and safety hazard /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2003. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040302.154645.

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12

Casirnano, Tara. "Effectiveness of a worksite health promotion program to improve health-related quality of life indicators." Thesis, TUI University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663402.

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Health and wellness is essential to each individual's quality of life. The importance of health and wellness is not only of an individual concern but also a population-based societal concern. Currently there is growing epidemic or obesity as 65% of American adults are either overweight or obese. The work setting is an ideal location to foster healthy behaviors as most adults spend the majority of their day there. The need for health-related activities is supported in many different types of workplaces, especially in higher education settings. This study aimed to explore the relationship of a health promotion program using pedometers on the health-related indicators of the SF-36v2 and vital functioning of the participants in a college setting. The association of participant's health promotion level to changes in health-related indicators and vital functioning was also explored.

A pre-test post-test experimental design was conducted with a convenience sample of 29 participants. All 29 participants completed the pre-test, the 6 week health promotion program using pedometers, and the first post-test (post-test 1). Only 15 individuals completed the second post-test (post-test 2) which was administered six months after the completion of the health promotion program. Paired sample t tests analyzed the difference in scores of each participant from pre-test (baseline) to post-test 1. The paired sample t tests reported a significant improvement in the component summary and subtests of the SF 36v2 such as the mental health component summary (p = .013), physical functioning (p = .015), vitality (p = .033), and mental health (p = .005). The linear regression analysis revealed mental health component summary scores were a highly significant predictor of vitality (β = 1.075, p = .001), accounting for 50.5% of the variance in vitality. Vitality is unique to each individual. This construct can affects one's ability to activity engage in their roles and occupations.

Health and wellness support role performance. The roles of most adults consist of worker, friend, and family member. Fulfillment of roles and meaningful activities supports balance and quality of life. Having the physical and mental capability to perform one's roles in a variety of contexts leads to engagement and satisfaction. Sustenance of a healthy lifestyle via physical activity is also an integral component of wellness. Utilizing technology and support within the social, virtual, and physical environments have all been shown by this study to improve quality of life indicators. Improvements were noted to statistically support the use of pedometers, points of decision prompts, and email correspondence to increase physical activity levels as well as stages of health promotion.

13

Gozuyilmaz, Cem. "A System Approach To Occupational Health And Safety Management." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1095231/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, methods used at present in occupational health and safety management are analyzed and a model safety management system is developed. History, development and recent occupational safety regulations in the United States of America and European Union are introduced to give a sight on this subject in developed countries. The suggested model is evaluated with work accident data taken from a company and hazard and risk analysis methods are used to investigate these accidents. Preventive measures to eliminate and reduce the consequences of these accidents are recommended. Finally a model safety management system which can be used in all types of industry is developed.

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Thatcher, Anthony University of Ballarat. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12810.

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"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

15

Dhillon, Balinder Singh. "The State's role in occupational health and safety administration /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56897.

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In the following thesis the administrative strategies in occupational health and safety regulation form the primary focus of discussion.
The initial approach for ensuring acceptable work conditions had been through direct state intervention and the use of coercive power. In view of the limitations of this approach, over time, state regulation was replaced by the "self-regulation" or "internal-responsibility system" under which participants at the workplace were given an enhanced say in the regulatory process. Recent trends have continued to favour this shift towards deregulation of the state's administrative structures.
The self-regulation strategy, however, also has limited applicability and can only prove effective if applied in combination with the state's enforcement strategies. The two approaches need to be viewed as being complimentary to one another and not mutually exclusive. This being the case the state's role in the regulatory process would require re-examination and alteration to ensure an effective and efficient regulatory structure.

16

WURZELBACHER, STEVEN JOSEPH. "CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING AN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1139333722.

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17

Cano, Yakelin, Grimaldo Quispe, Heyul Chavez, Nestor Mamani-Macedo, Carlos Raymundo-Ibañez, and Francisco Dominguez. "Occupational Health and Safety Management Model for Mining Contracts." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656173.

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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
The importance of an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) in a mining contract allows the establishment of guidelines to prevent and mitigate accidents that may occur in mines and in exploration areas. Such guidelines are integrated to ensure compliance with regulations with respect to the mining activity (DS 024-2016-EM). For developing a model, the literature was initially reviewed (scientific articles and research studies were used as the background), development techniques were established, and an OHSMS was proposed, with prior evaluation from the contractor. Subsequently, this study presents the general requirements, planning, implementation, verification, and the corresponding review by the appropriate authority. Finally, the model is established, supported by tables that will report the current state of the company and the implementation process. This study concludes with the execution of OHSMS in case of mining contracts.

18

Thatcher, Anthony. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/32754.

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"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

19

Thatcher, Anthony. "Monitoring the impact of occupational health and safety education." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/15399.

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"This research investigated whether engineers, graduating from universities more than a decade after the introduction new occupational health and safety (OHS) legislation in Australia, were being equipped with the knowledge and skills to fulfil their professional, legal and moral responsibilities in relation to occupational health and safety. The study focussed on engineering students as future business leaders and designers of working environments. An instrument was designed to examine the ability of OH&S education to affect decision-making and problem solving competence in engineering students and graduates. The study found that engineering graduates in the 1990's were departing [from] their academic institutions with superficial knowledge of occupational health and safety responsibilities and accountability in the workplace. The evaluative tool identified an absence of safety management skills and knowledge within graduate and student engineer groups and an extensive urge to blame and discipline the victim or blame a government regulatory authority. The research found that although occupational health and safety professionals adopt a strategy of a safe work place rather than place emphasis on individual workers the engineers did not adopt the safe place approach and focussed on the person. It is recommended that the evaluative tool or a derivative of it should be used to evaluate the extent to which our community progresses in developing the vital OHS decision-making skills of the people who will manage and design workplaces." --p.ii.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

20

Rudolphi, Josie M. "Occupational safety & health of young adult agricultural workers." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5617.

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Background: Agriculture is the most hazardous occupational industry for young adults. Young adults are engaging in agricultural work and interacting with common hazards, however, it is unknown how young adults are engaging with such hazards and whether administrative controls including workplace organizational factors and social influences in the workplace are associated with safe working practice. Methods: Workplace practices were examined among young adult agricultural workers (18-24). Workers responded to statements regarding their participation in six agricultural work areas, specific behaviors within each work area, risk-taking behaviors of parents, peers, and supervisors, and items about workplace organizational characteristics. A second study, conducted among swine facility workers in the Midwest, tested the effectiveness of an intervention that coupled behavioral theory with technology to increase the use of hearing protection in swine facilities. Results: Results from the cross-sectional, online survey indicated supervisor influence was more strongly associated with reported workplace behaviors than co-worker/peer or parent influence. Furthermore, organizational factors including number of hours worked each week and the presence of safety and health policies was associated with workplace behaviors Results from the intervention study suggest behavioral tracking is effective at increasing the use of hearing protection among young adult swine facility workers in the short term, however, changes in behavior are not maintained over time. Supplying hearing protection is a more effective tool in facilitating sustainable behavioral change. Conclusions: Results suggest interventions that address social and organizational factors of work to improve workplace behaviors among young adult agricultural workers should be tested.

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Popplewell, Ainslie. "Occupational health and safety in the workplace reform environment : striving for best practice occupational health and safety in the Email Washing Products divisions." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164910.

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Snyder, Daniel Jay. "Philosophia Soteria| How Occupational Safety and Health Professionals Influence Decision Makers." Thesis, University of Arkansas, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13421816.

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The purpose of this study was to identify ideas about how occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals influence decision-makers on matters impacting occupational health and safety management systems. A modified nominal group technique was used that involved 67 participants in ten nominal groups and identified the most important ideas about how OSH professionals can influence workplace safety and health decision making. The research produced themes of communication, scientific, professionalism, leadership, adaptability, and business acumen that resulted in six domains of occupational safety and health professional influence.

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Schweder, Peter Edward Organisation &amp Management Australian School of Business UNSW. "Occupational health and safety of seasonal workers in agricultural processing." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Organisation & Management, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41337.

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Employer demands for flexible work practices have seen an increase in the diversity of employment relationships illustrated by a global growth of people working in contingent or precarious positions. Increasing evidence suggests that precarious employment is associated with poorer occupational health and safety (OHS) outcomes in terms of injury rates, disease risk and psychological wellbeing. This study used a cross sectional survey of 255 employees to compare the OHS experiences of temporary (N = 156, 61.2%) and permanent (N = 99, 38.8%) workers employed in three companies involved in the seasonal processing of primary agriculture products (dairy, meat and produce) in two regions of New Zealand. This research identified a clearly definable group of temporary workers (seasonals), who exhibit different characteristics to those commonly associated with precarious employment as they have an expectation of reasonable lengths of fairly secure employment (seasons exceed eight months). Many respondents only undertook one period of employment per year and were re-engaged in subsequent seasons. There are limited opportunities for alternative employment adjacent to these plants. This creates a dependant employment market, potentially putting labour in a weak bargaining position. This is countered by a high overall level of union membership (N = 181, 71%) and the operation of collective employment contracts. This may be atypical in seasonal industries. Injury numbers were similar (permanent N = 49, 49.5%, temporary N = 73, 46.8%) and serious injuries (permanent N = 23, 23.2%, temporary N = 31, 19.9%). Once a factor was introduced to compensate for exposure time, thereby creating a frequency rate, results showed a statistically significant difference with temporary workers suffering injuries and serious injuries with less exposure than their permanent counterparts (t (193.821) = -5.566, p < 0.05 and (t (236.928) = -2.160, p < 0.05 respectively). There was a significant difference in chronic injuries with permanent employees being more likely to have a chronic injury (F91,253) = 20.456, p<0.05). Most importantly, using the General Linear Model (logistic regression), when all other influences were controlled for, this research found employment status remained influential in determining whether a respondent was injured at work or not.

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McKay, Lawrence J. "The effect of offsite construction on occupational health and safety." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2010. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6381.

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The continuous desire to improve health and safety in UK construction has in recent years been challenged to adopt offsite strategies in order to address the poor health and safety record of construction. Despite the benefits of using offsite there has been little research on the actual benefits and disadvantages of the effect of offsite on occupational health and safety. This is important given that the UK government has promoted the use of offsite to improve health and safety performance. This thesis provides a strategy for the management of offsite risk and a risk management tool has been developed. The study investigated offsite manufacturers views on offsite activities and risks in comparison with insitu activities and risks. This was achieved through three phases: phase I comprised two expert group interviews, phase II involved ergonomic audits and phase III consisted of three semi-structured interviews with three offsite manufacturers. The thesis identified that there are significant health and safety benefits of offsite. The benefits relate to specific activities within the offsite categories and context studied. Examples include the elimination of work at height, reduction in noise, reduction in work in confined space, reduction in congested work with trade overlap and greater control over work in the factory. The research revealed that there are still potential health and safety risks with offsite. Examples include; transportation and delivery of units of large size and weight with associated high consequence craneage and handling risks (unit fall and hand injury), whole body vibration, cuts, MSDs, RSIs, fumes and slips trips and falls. There appears to be little in the literature to support the identification of offsite risk issues. The study identified strategies to eliminate and reduce offsite residual risks. The case study investigated solutions to further reduce residual risks, which were further explored in phase III the semi-structured interviews. The solutions are grouped into four approaches: process change, workplace environment designing out risks, automation and the use of tools. An offsite risk management tool was developed which transfers knowledge from the study to provide awareness and management of offsite risk. The thesis provides a contribution to knowledge by providing a better understanding of offsite risks, offsite residual risks and strategies used to reduce residual risks.

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Hemerik, Hendrik. "Occupational health and safety problems of migrant workers in Australia." Thesis, Hemerik, Hendrik (1992) Occupational health and safety problems of migrant workers in Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1992. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/51312/.

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This study has examined various problems experienced by migrants from a non-English speaking background, in particular with relation to accidents in the workplace. Special attention has been paid to back injuries and the workers’ compensation migrant workers receive compared to that awarded to non migrant workers. Discrimination in the workplace, and various other related problems, not necessarily peculiar to migrant workers, such as the relationship between the incidence of accidents and the length of employment have also been examined. In addition to data obtained from the Water Authority of Western Australia, the Royal Perth Hospital and the Australian Electrical, Electronics, Foundry and Engineering Union, specially designed questionnaires were used to solicit information from workers, employers and trade unions. A total of 322 workers participated in the survey of which 216 were born overseas representing twenty five countries in Europe, Asia and the Middle East. The data obtained from all questionnaires were analysed using the 'Complete Statistical System' (CSS), a Statistical software package for the Social Sciences, produced by the StatSoft Company in the United States of America. Information obtained during interviews with employers, employing approximately 12,500 migrant and non-migrant workers, and with trade union officials, representing non-migrant and migrant workers, was also used to determine the validity of the hypotheses. The main conclusions of this study are that migrant workers have more industrial accidents than nonmigrant workers; are over-represented in the high risk low paid jobs; are discriminated against m the workplace; they do not sustain more back injuries than the average for the workforce as a whole; in workers' compensation settlements they receive smaller pay-outs than non-migrant workers; lack of proficiency in English does not necessarily increase the risks of industrial accidents and the majority of industrial accidents do occur in the first two years of employment.

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Thean, Hock Ch'ng. "Malaysia and Singapore occupational health and safety : an exploratory study." Thesis, the author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1994. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/42772.

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27

Claxton, Garry George. "Occupational Health and Safety: Generating regulatory perceptions to encourage compliance." Thesis, Curtin University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/57106.

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The research begins by identifying that there is an unacceptably high level of injury and disease in Australian workplaces. A premature death or injury, however well compensated, is not only an economic loss to society; more importantly, it is a major personal tragedy for the deceased’s family, friends and work colleagues. These factors culminate into a powerful moral and economic business case for safer workplaces and work practices. The research offers valuable stakeholder practical and theoretical considerations that have the potential to benefit the process of on-going Occupational Safety and Health regulatory and compliance improvement.

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Labrèche, France P. "Occupational solvent exposure and mental disorders." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74252.

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A case-referent study was designed to investigate the relationship between occupational solvent exposure and mental disorders. New cases of mental disorder (males, 40 to 69 years old), were individually matched for age and date of admission to hospital patients and neighbors. An occupational history was obtained from 91.7% of the sample (1143 subjects, or 381 'trios'), during a telephone interview or by mail.
No increased risk of mental disorders was found among subjects exposed to moderate levels of solvents, but the risk was elevated--though not to a statistically significant degree--at exposure to high levels. When diagnoses were divided into psychotic (ICD-9 codes 290-299) and non-psychotic (ICD-9 codes 300-316), the latter group presented an increased risk with exposure to high levels of solvents (odds ratio = 2.43, 90% C.I. = 1.16-5.08). No systematic exposure-response relationship was demonstrated, although there was a suggestion of increased risk of mental disorders among subjects exposed to high levels for 5 to 9 years.
Various aspects of referent selection--with a specific comparison of hospital and population referents--were also examined as a methodological issue of case-referent studies.

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Pettinger, Charles Blakley. "Improving Occupational Safety & Health Interventions: A Comparison of Safety Self-Efficacy & Safety Stages of Change." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27395.

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For people aged 44 and under, the primary cause of loss of life in the U.S. is not due to heart disease or cancer, but to something as common as injuries (U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1998). As such, injuries kill an average of 142,000 Americans and require an estimated 62.5 billion dollars in medical attention each year (U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1998). This is close to three people dying and over 170 people sustaining a disabling injury every 10 minutes (National Safety Council, 1999). Every year more than 80,000 Americans are permanently disabled as a result of injury to the brain or spinal cord. Thus, unintentional injury represents a serious public health concern, and a theory-driven community, school, and organizational injury prevention technology is needed to improve the health and safety of individuals.
Ph. D.

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Giles, Murray. "The application of marketing concepts to occupational health and safety in an Australian University." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 1993. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/62028.

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The dissertation examines the legal, financial and social responsibilities that Universities have in complying with minimum occupational health and safety performance standards.The marketing principles and techniques identified in this project may assist Occupational Health and Safety managers to enhance the service provided.
Masters of Applied Science, Occupational Health and Safety

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Sai, Maudgalya Tushyati. "Occupational Health and Safety in Emerging Economies: An India based study." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1384870134.

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Siganporia, Pearl. "British Columbia's outsourced hospital workers : an occupational health and safety perspective." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/38153.

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Cleaners and Food Service Workers (CFSW) form a large yet understudied occupation group within the healthcare sector in terms of their occupational health and safety concerns. Four health regions in British Columbia (BC), Canada have outsourced these services. Evidence suggests an association between outsourced labor and higher risks of injury due to different standards of occupational health and safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of outsourcing on the health and safety outcomes and experiences among outsourced healthcare CFSWs compared to non-outsourced healthcare CFSWs. Two studies were conducted as part of this mixed-methods project. Study 1 was a quantitative assessment of injury rates, average days lost per claim and average costs per claim among CFSWs in hospitals that outsourced support services and those that did not, between two periods - pre (2001-2003) and post outsourcing (2005-2008). Study 2 was a qualitative study where twenty semi-structured telephone interviews with outsourced and non-outsourced CFSWs from five health authorities were conducted. Results indicate a decrease in incidence rate ratios (IRR) of injury rates post outsourcing for CFSW at outsourced facilities (Cleaners IRR =0.79, CI=0.57, 1.09; FSW IRR = 0.65, CI=0.57, 1.10), although the 95% CI estimates include ‘1’, indicating possibility of no difference between the two exposure periods. The IRR of average days lost per injury showed a decrease post outsourcing for CFSW at outsourced facilities (Cleaners IRR=0.81, CI=0.66, 0.99; FSW IRR=0.80, CI=0.50, 1.28), although the 95% CI estimates included ‘1’ for FSWs. Average costs per claim for outsourced cleaners were shown to decrease significantly (p<0.05) post outsourcing. No differences were seen in emergent themes from the interviews between outsourced and non-outsourced workers except for injury reporting. Workers at outsourced facilities indicated possible underreporting of injuries in their interviews. The study outcomes suggest a change in claims outcomes and experiences among outsourced workers with decreases in IRR of injury rates and days lost per claim and costs per claim, possibly due to underreporting of injuries among outsourced workers. This study provides preliminary evidence of the association between outsourcing and occupational health and safety and future research is warranted.

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Isha, Ahmad Shahrul Nizam. "Occupational health and safety practices in the petrochemical industries of Malaysia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://etheses.nottingham.ac.uk/4155/.

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The petrochemical industry in Malaysia has been growing rapidly in recent years. The development of this highly hazardous industry largely depends on high health and safety standards. Since the early 1990s, health and safety legislation introduced in the country, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (OSHA) and the Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards (CIMAH) Regulations 1996 have aimed in improving standards across a number of occupational sectors. A mixed-method research design was used to explore occupational health and safety practices in the petrochemical industry in Malaysia. Special emphasis was placed on safety culture and the impact of psychosocial risks on occupational health and safety (OHS) outcomes. Qualitative research was based on policy reviews and interviews with officials, company managers, and key experts. The qualitative study of the research explored actual occupational health and safety (OHS) practices at the organisational level in the petrochemical industries. Information 'about OHS legislation and policies are given from the very beginning when companies submitted a proposal to the government to establish their installation plant. Review of the companies OHS policies has found they are committed to adopt aspects of the operations in strict compliance with all OHS regulations and their operation is closely monitored by Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH). Nineteen interviews with key staff working in four petrochemical companies, ranging from the senior operation manager, engineers, occupational health doctors, nurses and operation supervisors, were conducted using the semi-structured interview method. Questions focused on companies' OHS policy, safety communication strategies, safety monitoring and initiatives to promote health and safety. The study identified different views between top and middle management on safety implementation, safety training and safety priorities. Lack of sufficient and updated OSH training was also reported by middle management. On the other hand, safety infrastructures did exist in the form of plant health clinics with occupational health doctors and nurses' services and internal fire and emergency teams. Incentive schemes in the form of bonuses and salary increments for achieved targets accident free hours were also found in some of the companies. The third part of the research was a quantitative study aimed to explore OHS practices among the workers and safety culture and using questionnaire as its instrument. This questionnaire was constructed base on the UK, HSE Safety Climate Assessment Tool Kit (1999) with only minor alterations. This study has found that the safety culture in the organisation was a combination effect of work environment, individual attitude and perception about safety and the management commitments. The study has also found that psychosocial hazards and work environment are the two strong factors contribute to the workers wellbeing in the petrochemical industries in Malaysia. The entire research findings pictured the standings of Malaysian OHS standards and its actual practices at the ground level. It provides an overall justification on the current practices of OHS in Malaysia from the perspectives of the stakeholders and the end users as the target groups (i.e. management and workers). The thesis hence contributes significantly to the literature in the OHS field, and can therefore be taken as a reference by policy makers and stakeholders in order to maintain stronger OHS areas and rectify their weaknesses.

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Walker, David. "Occupational health and safety in the British chemical industry, 1914-1974." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2007. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=9348.

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This thesis probes a neglected area lying at the interface between medical and labour history and is concerned with issues of occupational health and safety in the British chemical industry between the First World War and the passage of the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974. The research is presented thematically and draws on a wide variety of primary and secondary source material to reveal the causes of ill health, the politics of reform and the role of the key players, such as the government, medical profession, employers and trade unions.

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Azzi, Manal Maroun. "Occupational Safety and Health Implementation: Between Policy and Practice in Lebanon." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510374.

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Wearaduwa, Vidana Kankanamge Thilani Kaushalya. "Economic Efficiency of Occupational Health and Safety Investments at Agricultural Cooperatives." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28861.

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Industries related to agricultural cooperatives record some of the highest injury rates in the U.S. Therefore, agricultural cooperatives are highly motivated to invest in occupational health and safety (OHS). This thesis examines the economic efficiency of OHS investments at agricultural cooperatives and identifies cooperative characteristics leading to greater economic efficiency of OHS investments. A multiple input-output data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to estimate technical efficiency. The effects of cooperative characteristics on the efficiency of OHS investments are estimated using ordinary least squares, censored regression, truncated regression, and the Simar and Wilson (2007) bootstrap procedure. Results show that the mean technical efficiency score was 0.833. Furthermore, a cooperative?s annual insurance premia has a significant, negative relationship with technical efficiency. In contrast, the experience levels of a cooperative?s top safety person and top managerial person and a location?s total workers employed have significant, positive relationships with efficiency in all estimated models.
North Dakota State University. Department of College of Agriculture, Food Systems and Natural Resources

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Rösch, Karl-Dietrich. "Worker well-being occupational health and safety in times of globalization." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2006. http://d-nb.info/991498917/04.

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Sebar, Bernadette. "Engendering Occupational Health and Safety: RSI in the Poultry Processing Industry." Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365676.

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This thesis explores the gendered discourses that surround the experience of Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) for women workers in the poultry processing industry. RSI is a significant and debilitating injury and is one of the major occupational health and safety concerns for all assembly line workers. While there is a wealth of research on RSI, very few studies use a gender analysis to understand the experience of this injury. Despite RSI being a key concern for many women workers, women for the most part are ignored in research. When women are central to the analysis of RSI, injured women are labelled as neurotic, weak and marginal workers. The thesis explains why women are represented in this way in the RSI literature. It identifies two powerful discourses at the centre of explanations of RSI, which also inform occupational health and safety research generally. The first, occupational health and safety discourse, ignores women or draws on a construction of woman that defines her primarily as wife and mother and excludes her from the category of worker. The second, medical discourse, centralises women in the analysis of occupational injury based on reproductive function, psyche and physicality. I argue that while each of these discourses conceptualise gender in a different way, they both draw on a modernist conceptualisation of gender which essentialises gender categories. Men and masculinity are used as a basis for all experience against which women’s experiences are compared and measured, thus limiting our understanding of those experiences. This has meant that women’s physiological, psychological and social differences to men are prioritised in women’s occupational health research, rather than the hazards and risks that they face at work. This thesis offers a more meaningful explanation of women’s experience of RSI through postmodernist critiques of modernism. It deconstructs the essentialist conceptualisation of gender found in modernism and thereby disrupts the knowledge claims made about injured women workers. In particular, postmodernist insights serve to highlight the ways in which medical discourse constructs illness, disease and other social realities such as gender. However, recognising gender as a constructed category also challenges its very utility as an analytical tool. This makes talking about women as a group problematic. The central argument of this thesis is that we need to maintain gender as an analytical concept. I argue that to speak meaningfully about women as a group we need to expand on the modernist conceptualisation of gender by incorporating insights from postmodernism. Modernism reveals the material structures that impact on gendered experience while postmodernism reveals how those experiences are constructed via dominant discourses. These dominant discourses surrounding gender were evident in the stories of twenty-five injured poultry process workers who were interviewed as part of this research. The workers’ narratives illuminate the dominant constructions of gender that surround contemporary experiences of RSI. At the same time, their narratives highlight how women contest and negotiate these constructions through defining themselves as workers rather than women. The study demonstrates that reading the women’s stories through a modernist and postmodernist lens reveals how gender continues to structure our experiences. This has significant implications for both occupational health and safety research and feminist research. Engendering occupational health and safety research through the incorporation of postmodernism’s emphasis on the discursive provides new ways of understanding injury and disease at work. Utilising a broad definition of gender has the potential to yield new insights into not only women’s occupational health and safety concerns, but also men’s. Furthermore, engendering occupational health and safety could provide a deeper and richer understanding of the occupational health and safety implications of our globalised economy. Finally, this thesis provides evidence that gender continues to significantly impact on our lives. Over the last two decades, there have been debates surrounding the utility of gender to adequately understand our experiences. This thesis clearly demonstrates that gender still matters. It matters on both a material and a discursive level.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Public Health
Griffith Health
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Strohmayer, Henrik, and Ellen Ljusterdal. "Occupational health and safety engineers' support of clients' OHS management systems." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235395.

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Background: Swedish law demands a systematic work environment management system (SWEM) and establishes the employer as responsible for this. In 2016, 44 % of Swedish Work Environment Authorities’ submissions regarded lack of SWEM. The law defines occupational health and safety services (OHSS) as an objective part with expert knowledge within the fields of work environment and rehabilitation. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to investigate how OHS engineers employed in OHSSs assist customer enterprises in the work of developing and maintaining OHS management systems. The study further aims to identify resources, factors of success, necessary skills and other factors that facilitate this work. Method: Six semi-structured interviews were conducted with OHS engineers employed in one of the top five largest OHSS companies in Sweden. Result and analyses: Respondents were found to apply similar methods in supporting clients’ OHSM although working in different regional branches and no nationwide training program exists. In working with OHSM support the OHS engineers mainly used self-produced, flexible tools along with external checklists and templates. Dialogue, an active involvement of the client in developing the OHSMS, internal motivation of the company and experience and competence of the OHS engineer was described as the most essential factors of success. Conclusions: Our study shows that the OHS engineers interviewed to a large extent work with OHSM support in a way that is consistent with what is found in other studies to be a successful way of collaborating with client companies. Areas of improvement for the OHSS company include deepening relations with clients, contracts better supporting collaboration and procedures for spotting client’s OHSM shortcomings earlier.There is a challenge to find a balance between giving OHS engineers freedom in choosing how they work, providing clients flexible solutions and assuring that certain standards of service are met.We identify the need of a mentorship program for OHS engineers within the OHSS company that would include tutoring both in OHS interventions and the consultant role.Finally, OHS engineers may need to develop their skills in OHS related business economy and how to integrate OHS interventions with the business strategies of the client companies.
Bakgrund: Svensk lagstiftning kräver att arbetsgivare arbetar med systematiskt arbetsmiljöarbete (SAM). Under 2016 ledde 44 % av Arbetsmiljöverkets inspektioner till anmärkningar på grund av brister i SAM. Lagen definierar företagshälsovård (FHV) som en objektiv part med expertkunskap inom arbetsmiljö och rehabilitering. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur arbetsmiljöingenjörer inom FHV hjälper kundföretag med arbetet att utveckla och underhålla ledningssystem för arbetsmiljö. Studien syftar också till att identifiera resurser, framgångsfaktorer, nödvändig kompetens samt andra faktorer som främjar arbetet med SAM. Metod: Sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer utfördes med arbetsmiljöingenjörer anställda i ett av Sveriges fem största företag inom företagshälsovård. Resultat och analys: Respondenterna använde liknande arbetssätt i arbetet med att stötta kunders SAM. Detta trots att de arbetade i olika regioner inom företaget samt avsaknad av nationella riktlinjer. I arbetet med SAM använde arbetsmiljöingenjörerna framförallt egenproducerade, flexibla verktyg samt externa checklistor och mallar. Dialog, aktiv deltagande av kund under utveckling av SAM, intern motivation hos kundföretaget samt erfarenhet och kompetens hos arbetsmiljöingenjören beskrevs som de viktigaste framgångsfaktorerna. Slutsatser: Studien visar att de intervjuade arbetsmiljöingenjörernas arbete med SAM i stor utsträckning överensstämmer med vad andra studier funnit vara ett framgångsrikt samarbete med kundföretag. Förbättringsområden för FHV-företaget inkluderar fördjupande av kundrelationer, kontrakt som bättre stödjer sådant samarbete och rutiner för att upptäcka brister i SAM tidigare.En utmaning är att hitta en lämplig balans mellan arbetsmiljöingenjörens behov av fritt arbetssätt, erbjuda kunden flexibla lösningar och samtidigt säkerställa en likartad service inom företaget.Behov av ett mentorprogram, som inkluderar handledning inom både arbetsmiljöarbete och konsultrollen, för arbetsmiljöingenjörer inom FHV-företaget identifierades.Slutligen kan arbetsmiljöingenjörer behöva utveckla kompetens inom arbetsmiljöekonomi samt hur arbetsmiljöarbetet kan integreras med affärsstrategier inom kundföretagen.

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Dufort, Vincent. "Exploring the link between housekeeping and occupational injuries." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/NQ44415.pdf.

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41

Baumet, Krishna. "Injuries among the Double Disaster Cohort of Persons in the WTC Health Registry Exposed to Superstorm Sandy." Thesis, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10599254.

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Introduction: In double disaster cohorts responders are exposed to two potentially hazardous situations. Experience with one disaster may affect how responders behave in the second. We evaluate associations of injuries and exposures, with rescue work performed by WTC responders enrolled in the WTCHR who responded 11 years later to Superstorm Sandy.

Methods: An 84 question Sandy survey was given to 8870 WTCHR enrollees. Outcome measures included total number of injuries, extremity sprains and lacerations and the exposures encountered. A "home danger" variable includes all the reparation and clean- up activities. All analyses were conducted with SAS 9.4. Using multivariable logistic regression, unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to estimate association strength between work and volunteer status, age, race, gender, education and 9/11 rescue worker status.

Results: A total of 4558 (51%) of enrollees participated. 56% were male, 45-64 years of age (62.9%), non-Hispanic white (71.1%) and 44.28% had 2010 income > $75,000. Among 1,044 Sandy responders, 64% of paid workers and 42% of volunteers were also 9/11 workers. Volunteers had increased odds ratios for >1 injury: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.42(95% CI: 1.60-3.64), compared to non-rescue workers. Exposure to Home Danger hazards had an adjusted odds ratio of 7.53 (5.16-10.99) for multiple injuries, suggesting the importance of evacuation and hazard education

Discussion: Our study shows that volunteers exposed to Sandy have increased odds of having more than one injury and for extremity injury.

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Garzon-Villalba, Ximena Patricia. "Assessment of Prolonged Occupational Exposure to Heat Stress." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10142405.

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Heat stress is a recognized occupational hazard present in many work environments. Its effects increase with increasing environmental heat loads. There is good evidence that exertional heat illness is associated with ambient thermal conditions in outdoor environments. Further, there is reason to believe that risk of acute injury may also increase with the ambient environment. For these reasons, the assessment of heat stress, which can be done through the characterization of the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), is designed to limit exposures to those that could be sustained for an 8-h day. The ACGIH Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for heat stress was based on limited data from Lind in the 1960s. Because there are practical limitations of using thermal indices, measurement of physiological parameters, such as body temperature and heart rate are used with environmental indices or as their alternative.

The illness and injury records from the Deepwater Horizon cleanup effort provided an opportunity to examine the effects of ambient thermal conditions on exertional heat illness and acute injury, and also the cumulative effect of the previous day’s environmental conditions. The ability of the current WBGT-based occupational exposure limits to discriminate unsustainable heat exposures, and the proposal of alternative occupational limits was performed on data from two progressive heat stress protocol trials performed at USF. The USF studies also provided the opportunity to explore physiological strain indicators (rectal temperature, heart rate, skin temperature and the Physiological Strain Index) to determine the threshold between unsustainable and sustainable heat exposures. Analysis were performed using Poisson models, conditional logistic regressions, logistic regressions, and receiver operator curves (ROC curves).

It was found that the odds to present an acute event, either exertional heat illness or acute injuries increased significantly with rising environmental conditions above 20 °C (RR 1.40 and RR 1.06, respectively). There was evidence of the cumulative effect from the prior day’s temperature and increased risk of exertional heat illness (RRs from 1.0–10.4). Regarding the accuracy of the current TLV, the results of the present investigation showed that this occupational exposure limit is extremely sensitive to predict cases associated with unsustainable heat exposures, its area under the curve (AUC) was 0.85; however its specificity was very low (specificity=0.05), with a huge percentage of false positives (95%). The suggested alternative models improved the specificity of the occupational exposure limits (specificities from 0.36 to 0.50), maintaining large AUCs (between 0.84 and 0.89). Nevertheless, any decision in trading sensitivity for specificity must be taken with extreme caution because of the steeped increment risk of heat related illness associated with small increments in environmental heat found also in the present study. Physiologic heat strain indices were found as accurate predictors for unsustainable heat stress exposures (AUCs from 0.74 to 0.89), especially when measurements of heart rate and skin temperature are combined (AUC=0.89 with a specificity of 0.56 at a sensitivity=0.95). Their implementation in industrial settings seems to be practical to prevent unsustainable heat stress conditions.

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Mitchell, Thomas. "Presentation media for occupational health and safety training : conveying the message or losing the meaning." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 1991. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/164847.

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Bahn, Susanne T. "Producing safety : exploring occupational health and safety values in action within the WA civil construction industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/221.

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This thesis explores working and learning practices in the context of safety within the Civil Construction Industry (CC Industry) of Western Australia (WA) and specifically focuses on the relations between organisational safety values and current working practices, primarily focusing on the instrumental power of managers in organisations to produce safety. The thesis examines the values in action that permeate the workplace culture and mediate the daily practices of people working in this industry, and ultimately how they impact upon the minds and bodies of employees. The study provides insight into the working practices and discourses within this industry by exploring the space between rhetoric and reality. specifically in terms of managing actions. Patterns in the data illuminate particular relations between values and practices that can mediate improved regimes of occupational, safety and health (OS&H) practices within organisations in the CC Industry. This study was supported by the Civil Contractors Federation WA (CCF) enabling high-level access and reciprocal practical outcomes for the CC Industry.

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Sparer, Emily Helen. "Improving Health and Safety in Construction: The Intersection of Programs and Policies, Work Organization, and Safety Climate." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:16121136.

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Statement of Problem: Despite significant advancements in occupational health and safety in recent decades, injury rates in commercial construction remain high. New programs that address the complexity of the construction work environment are needed to keep workers healthy and safe. Methods: The first step of this dissertation was to explore associations between organizational programs and policies, as measured by a Contractor Safety Assessment Program (CSAP) score, and worker safety climate scores. Next, a safety communication and recognition program was developed and piloted. It was evaluated through a mixed methods approach in a randomized controlled trial. Primary outcome measures included safety climate, awareness, communication, and teambuilding. Additionally, the dynamic nature of the construction site was quantified through an analysis of the determinants of length of stay of construction workers on the worksite. Results: Correlations between CSAP scores and safety climate scores were weak at best, thus highlighting a gap in communication between management and workers. The B-SAFE program, a safety communication and recognition program was developed to meet this gap. It used data from safety inspection scores to provide feedback to workers on hazards and controls, and provided a reward when the site met a pre-determined safety inspection threshold (a measure that was fair, consistent, attainable and fair). In the final program design, the whole site was treated as the unit of analysis. B-SAFE led to many positive changes, including a statistically significant increase in safety climate scores of 2.29 points (p-value=0.012), when adjusting for time-varying parameters and worker characteristics. Workers at the B-SAFE sites noted increased levels of safety awareness, communication, and teamwork, when compared to control sites. The composition of workers on-site at any given month changed by approximately 50%, and the length of stay on-site was associated with race/ethnicity, union status, title, trade, and musculoskeletal pain (p-values<0.05). Conclusions: The construction work environment is dynamic, with over half of the population on-site changing each month. This makes applying and evaluating traditional worksite based interventions challenging. Interventions like B-SAFE that are developed to address the complexities can have a positive impact on site safety measures.
Environmental Health

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Reynolds, Tiffany L. "Analysis of Occupational Safety Practices across Regional Campuses at Ohio University." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1398849131.

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Farmer, Ruan Alexander. "Improving occupational health and safety in a petrochemical environment through culture change / R.A. Farmer." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4444.

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In spite of the vast technological progress and improvement in the standard of management systems within hazardous industries around the world, occupational health and safety incidents and fatalities continue to devastate thousands of lives each year. Throughout the last decade, significant improvement has been achieved in the reduction of health and safety incident rates across the South African petrochemical environment. However, a persistent roller-coaster fatality rate still prevails. Recent studies have shown that in order to conquer the relentless battle in realizing sustainable world-class health and safety performance, an organisation has to move beyond the traditional compliance orientated safety focus towards an interdependent safety culture in which safety is ubiquitous and embedded in the hearts of all employees. The root causes of more and more occupational health and safety incidents are no longer as a result of mechanical or systems failure, but instead originate from the attitude, values and beliefs of management and employees with regard to the significance of safety, also known as the safety culture. This has ignited a rising interest in the concept of safety culture among organisations because of the positive impact on occupational health and safety in reducing the potential for fatalities, injuries and workplace incidents. Hence the primary objective of this study is to determine the maturity of the current safety culture in the South African petrochemical environment by identifying particular culture shortfalls which could lead to hesitant progress towards the desired interdependent state. In order to reach this objective, three secondary objectives have also been set. Firstly, an understanding of the concept of organisational culture and safety culture is crucial. In simple terms, organisational culture can be described as the shared values, assumptions and beliefs in an organisation that ultimately direct employee behaviour. Organisational culture is characterised by three layers known as artefacts, espoused values and basic assumptions. These layers represent the manifestation of the organisational culture and vary in terms of outward visibility and resistance to change. Understanding and analysing these layers provide the reasons why employees behave in certain ways. Safety culture is a subset of organisational culture; in other words, it is the manifestation of the organisation?s attitude, values and commitment in regard to the importance of health and safety. Companies which have developed effective safety cultures have demonstrated unequivocal results in closing the elusive health and safety performance gap. Secondly, the fundamental components conducive of an effective safety culture were explored. These components include management and employee commitment to health and safety, accountability and involvement, communication and trust, risk awareness and compliance, competency and learning and finally recognition. Most of the components can be assigned to the artefact level or a combination of the level of artefacts and espoused values with only a small number more appropriately associated with the level of basic assumptions. The effectiveness within each of these areas ultimately dictates the nature of the safety culture and the success in preventing health and safety incidents. The focus of the last secondary objective was to determine the development stages leading to an effective safety culture known as an interdependent safety culture. Each of these stages represents the degree of maturity of the attitudes and commitment of management and employees in relation to the ongoing health and safety improvement in the organisation. The DuPont model suggests that in a reactive safety culture, safety is merely a natural instinct with no real perceived value for the individual or organisation. Moving towards a dependent safety culture, employees start to value safety but only so they do not get caught. The next stage called an independent safety culture is characterised by self preservation. In this stage, the mindset of employees changed towards an attitude of ?I do things safe so I do not get hurt?. In the final stage known as interdependent safety culture, employees embrace safety as a personal virtue not only for their own safety but also in contribution to the safety of their peers. In such a culture it is employees? desire to do things safely so that no-one gets hurt. An empirical study was conducted through a quantitative research approach in the form of a safety climate questionnaire. The target population consisted of first-line managers and non-managerial personnel within the production; maintenance; laboratory; technical, and the safety, health and environment departments in a petrochemical organisation. In light of the results emanating from the empirical study it can be concluded that an overall positive perception was observed towards the selected safety culture components indicative through the mean response scores above the neutral scale of 3. Older and more experienced employees demonstrated a more positive response to the safety compared to younger employees. However, several distinctive safety culture shortcomings were also identified. In the current safety culture, health and safety is sometimes overlooked due to productivity or cost implications. Employees tend to withhold safety related information to themselves as a culture of guilt prevails and mere compliance to safety standards is considered adequate. Solutions to health and safety problems are most of a short-term nature and do not address the root cause. It therefore provides evidence that the organisation under evaluation has not yet reached the desired safety culture maturity stage of interdependence. Although the study population is limited to a single organisation, the shortfalls identified could relate to the larger petrochemical environment and thus could explain the recent fluctuating health and safety performance. This assumption, however, can only be validated through further research within a much greater sample size inclusive of more than one organisation in the petrochemical environment. It is thus clear that the existing safety culture within the petrochemical organisation could lead to potential health and safety incidents if the shortcomings are not appropriately addressed.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

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Monahan, Genevieve Louise. "Cultural knowledge of women in the construction industry related to occupational health and safety." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276752.

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The following study identifies and describes the cultural knowledge of women working in the construction industry regarding occupational health and safety. Data was gathered on 6 female construction workers, using the techniques of participant observation and the ethnographic interview. Results of the field observation and the interviews revealed that the women had a high level of knowledge of many work place hazards. They were also aware of kinds of accidents and injuries and a number of ways of cutting down on the hazards. Less was known about chronic, progressive, as opposed to acute injury. Despite their belief that most accidents were preventable, the women described a variety of reasons for not taking precautions. The major reasons given involved peer pressure and lack of time.

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Grant, Michael Patrick. "Healthcare and Commercial Construction: The Role of Inspections Within Health and Safety Interventions in Dynamic Workplaces and Associations With Safety Climate." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27201742.

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Statement of problem: Dynamic work environments and physically demanding jobs in the healthcare and commercial construction industries present workers with a constantly changing suite of hazards, and hence the changing need for controls. Workers in these industries experience high rates of MSDs and other illnesses and injuries. Hazard recognition and control are essential and inspections are essential elements used to identify and anticipate hazards and to implement corrective action as part of a systems-level approach to tackle the dynamic worksite. Methods: Because there is a dearth of practical resources for evaluating ergonomic risk factors in healthcare environments the first step in this dissertation was to explore the development of a tool and process for identifying modifiable aspects of acute care hospital patient care units to prevent work-related MSDs. To address a lack of systems-level approaches to worksite-based interventions in construction, an ergonomics program that relies heavily on inspections was developed and evaluated on five pairs of commercial construction sites. To examine associations between physical working conditions and safety climate, the relationship between weekly safety inspections and weekly safety climate scores was examined on six commercial construction sites. Results: The inspection process provided a structured method for recognizing hazards in dynamic and physically demanding work environments and reporting both observations and recommendations to decision makers. There were no significant intervention effects, however key challenges to intervention implementation were competing safety and production priorities and break practices leading to inconsistencies delivering the intervention and key resources to workers. Variations in week-to-week safety inspections were highly correlated with variations in week-to-week safety climate. Conclusions: Inspection tools and processes were useful in a systems-approach to workplace interventions in the dynamic industries of healthcare and commercial construction. Worksite-based ergonomics interventions focusing efforts on hazard identification, recommendations for solutions, and reinforcing both positive and negative feedback to safety management and workers can have a major impact on worker wellbeing. In addition, physical working conditions (as identified through weekly safety inspections) are an important aspect of the week to week changes of safety climate in the dynamic commercial construction environment.

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Schell, Natalie Marie. "Exploring the relationship between profit-squeeze and occupational safety and health violations." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2580.

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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Occupational Health and Safety'

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