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1

GERULIS, EDUARDO. "Controle de dose em transporte rodoviário de material radioativo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10594.

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Wilson-Stewart, Kelly. "Factors which influence occupational and patient radiation dose levels to the brain and eyes of nursing and other staff within angiographic suites." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/230001/1/Kelly_Wilson-Stewart_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis collected data on radiation dose to staff and patients during fluoroscopically guided cardiovascular procedures. The dose measurements were compared and procedural variables which contributed to higher levels of dose were identified. This investigation has informed clinically based practice and provides evidence-based recommendations for easily implemented actions to reduce both patient and staff radiation dose.
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RODRIGUES, DEMERVAL L. "Otimizacao no controle dos valores de radiacao nas dependencias do ciclotron de 30 MeV do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2002. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11027.

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SILVA, AMANDA J. da. "Avaliação da dose ocupacional oriunda de procedimentos especiais guiados por fluoroscopia: cateterismo cardíaco." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2011. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10063.

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CARNEIRO, JANETE C. G. G. "Contribuicao para avaliacao critica da radioprotecao por meio da analise retrospectiva das doses associadas ao trabalho com fontes nao seladas de iodo-131." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1998. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10724.

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SILVA, JUNIOR IREMAR A. da S. "Desenvolvimento e implantação de um sistema automatizado para adequação do processo de calibração de monitores de radiação gama." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10189.

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Leidel, Jason M. "In vitro partial-body dose assessment using a radiation responsive protein biomarker /." Download the thesis in PDF, 2005. http://www.lrc.usuhs.mil/dissertations/pdf/Leidel2005.pdf.

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8

Cardarelli, John Joseph II. "A POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCE OF EXCLUDING WORK-REQUIRED X-RAY EXPOSURES WHEN COMPUTING CUMULATIVE OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION DOSE AT A URANIUM ENRICHMENT PLANT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin960909029.

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9

CAMPOS, MARCIA P. de. "Toronio no ar .Avaliacao da dose ocupacional." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1999. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10769.

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Tavel, Jason S. "Spontaneous Abortions Among U.S. Occupationally Exposed Radiologic Technologists." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4584.

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Introduction Radiologic Technologists exposed to continuous low dose radiation may have an increased risk for spontaneous abortions. Although the federally mandated radiation dose limit to the developing fetus of an occupational worker is 5mSv, well below the documented threshold of 100mSv, some studies have suggested an increased risk for spontaneous abortions in occupationally exposed females. The effects of exposure to low levels of radiation are difficult to discern from the usual occurrence and are limited in the literature because of the large sample size needed to achieve statistical power. This study contains data from 152,439 self-reported pregnancies and possesses the appropriate sample size to assess the risk of spontaneous abortions incident to radiologic technologists who maintain fetal radiation dose levels within federal guidelines. Methods This non-experimental retrospective designed study uses data from the United States Radiologic Technologist Study (USRTS). The USRTS began in 1982 as a joint effort between the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT),UniversityofMinnesotaand the National Cancer Institute to study the radiation effects from low-dose occupational exposure. This longitudinal study follows more than 90,000 current and former technologists through periodic surveys and contains a sufficient sample size to overcome statistical power concerns. The provided data included the order and outcome of each self-reported pregnancy as well as the year of each live birth. The data were therefore manipulated to provide a likely gestational interval for both a reported live birth and spontaneous abortion. After calculating the spontaneous abortion rate for the final sample, a binary logistic regression was performed to determine if levels of estimated fetal radiation dose are associated with predicting the odds of a reported spontaneous abortion. A linear regression analysis was then performed to assess the relationship between the calculated odds ratios of a reported spontaneous abortion as a function of estimated fetal radiation dose, specifically to determine the significance of the linear relationship Results The overall spontaneous abortion incidence to the cohort reporting at least one live birth or spontaneous abortion was 14.8%, lower than the reported national incidence of 15-20%. Using up to 1mSv as the reference fetal radiation dose category, the odds ratios of a spontaneous abortion for 1-2mSv, 2-3mSv, 3-4mSv and 4-5mSv were calculated as 1.57, 1.82, 2.11 and 2.15 respectively. This increase in odds was linear with estimated fetal radiation dose as demonstrated by the significant regression equation (F=29.93, p = .01) and an R2 of 0.9089. Conclusions By demonstrating an increased risk at levels of radiation as low as natural background, and further demonstrating the risk increases linearly with radiation dose, the Linear Non-Threshold Theory appears to be the more likely risk model for predicting spontaneous abortions in lieu of the belief that a 100mSv threshold must first be exceeded for a radiation induced spontaneous abortion to occur. Application of this model demonstrates the risk of a spontaneous abortion is twice as likely in occupational workers whose fetal radiation doses are closer to the maximum allowable limit of 5mSv compared with those who maintain fetal radiation doses below 1mSv.
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SOUZA, DAIANE C. B. de. "Desenvolvimento de método para caracterização de embalados de rejeitos radioativos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10540.

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Borges, Flavia Luiza Soares. "Avaliação da exposição ocupacional do cristalino em radiologia intervencionista." CNEN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Belo Horizonte, 2013. http://www.bdtd.cdtn.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=306.

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Estudos recentes têm indicado o aumento da incidência de opacidade do cristalino para baixas doses de radiação. Considerando os dados epidemiológicos, a Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica (ICRP) emitiu um comunicado que mudou o limite de dose absorvida para o cristalino. A publicação também recomenda a redução dos limites de dose equivalente para os indivíduos ocupacionalmente expostos, agora considerado de 20 mSv em um ano, em média, ao longo de cinco anos. Como consequência, algumas exposições planejadas requerem o uso de dosímetro adicional para estimar a dose no cristalino em profissionais. Este é o caso dos profissionais de radiologia intervencionista. Atualmente, as normas nacionais e internacionais, carecem de uma metodologia específica para a dosimetria em Hp(3). A recomendação ICRP provocou o debate sobre a adequação da grandeza equivalente de dose e sobre os métodos para as suas medições. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: estudar a metodologia para a calibração de dosímetros pessoais em Hp(3) e monitorar profissionais durante os procedimentos de radiologia intervencionista. Diretrizes internacionais e recomendações da literatura recente foram adotadas para os procedimentos de calibração e testes. Para calibração, o sistema de dosimetria, que consiste em um suporte e um detector termoluminescente LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-100H), foi exposto a radiações de referência em um fantoma cilíndrico preenchido com água, que se simulou a cabeça. Os fatores de calibração foram determinados para o potencial de tubo 20-150 kV da série 4037 estreito espectro de ISO. A monitoração individual foi realizada durante procedimentos vasculares de angioplastia e angiografia. Os resultados mostraram-se satisfatórios comparados à literatura.<br>Recent studies have indicated the increase of the incidence of lens opacities for low radiation doses. Considering epidemiological data, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued a statement that changed the absorbed dose threshold for the eye lens. The statement also recommends a reduction in the dose limits to the eye lens for occupationally exposed persons; now it is considered to be 20 mSv in a year averaged over five years. As consequence, some planned exposures require the use of additional dosemeter for estimating eye lens dose in professionals; it is the case of the staff in interventional radiology. Nowadays, in the national and international standards there is a lack of specific methodology for eye lens dosimetry. The ICRP recommendation raised the debate on the adequacy of dose equivalent quantities of radiological protection and on the methods for their measurements. The objectives of this research were to study the methodology for calibrating personal dosemeters in Hp (3) and monitor professionals during interventional radiology procedures. International guidelines and recent literature were adopted for the calibration procedures and tests. For calibration, the dosimetric system, consisting of a holder and thermoluminescent detector LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-100H), was exposed to standard radiation fields on a cylindrical water phantom that simulated the head. The calibration coefficients of the dosimetric system were determined for tube potential from 20 to150 kV of the ISO 4037 narrow spectrum series. The individual monitoring was performed during vascular procedures - angiography and angioplasty. The results were satisfactory were compared to the literature
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Rehn, Emelie. "Modeling of scatter radiation during interventional X-ray procedures." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för radiologiska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119694.

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During catheterized x-ray interventions the patient and medical staff is exposed to scatter radiation, as a consequence of tissue interactions. Ionizing radiation for medical purpose is potentially dangerous and can cause malignancy, skin damage and more. Studies have suggested an increase in the prevalence of eye lens cataract, thyroid cancer and left sided brain tumors in doctors. Therefore, it is mandatory to reduce the radiation dose in medicine, a principle known as ALARA (as low as Reasonably Achievable). Lead aprons, collars and shieldings are safety precautions to protect the team in the operating room. The x-ray equipment and surgical techniques are constantly evolving and the interventions become more complex which may increase the x-ray dose. Although x-ray imaging is required in interventional procedures endeavors of reducing radiation exposure to staff is of high interest. There is a need to increase the awareness about scatter radiation and radiation protection efforts are gaining momentum. Initiative to train a dose reducing behavior by education and awareness are key documents within the European Union’s guidelines on Radiation protection. The aims of this thesis were to create a 3D model for representation of real-time exposure and accumulated scatter radiation to staff performing interventional x-ray procedures and identify parameters that affect the scatter radiation. Extensive measurements were made with real time dosimeters while irradiating an anthropomorphic phantom. For five lateral C-arm projections, 68 - 80 data points each were used to measure scatter dose distribution around the patient. In the typical operator position, the effect of craniocaudal projection angle, patient size, field size, image detector height and pulse rate on scatter radiation dose was also investigated. It was possible to create a 3D model from interpolated measurement data that can generate dose rate with promising results. Six out of eight modelled doses deviated +/- 26.6 % from the validation cases. A model that delivers relative dose is an intuitive approach in education for interventional x-ray radiation safety. The staff position in relation to the x-ray source and the patient size have a significant correlation to the dose rate. Additional measurements are needed to ensure the reliability of the model. This work completes the effect of scatter radiation distribution around the patient table, which is not yet evaluated as thoroughly by other authors.
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FEDERICO, CLAUDIO A. "Dosimetria da radiação cósmica no interior de aeronaves no espaço aéreo brasileiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2011. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10036.

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GRONCHI, CLAUDIA C. "Estabelecimento de um metodo dosimetrico para avaliacao da exposicao a radiacao ultravioleta." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11525.

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LIMA, VANESSA R. de. "Desenvolvimento de um sistema baseado na WEB para suporte ao programa de monitoração individual interna do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2007. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11506.

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RODRIGUES, DEMERVAL L. "Impacto radiologico devido ao transporte de radiofarmacos do IPEN-CNEN/SP." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9397.

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GUILHEN, SABINE N. "Validacao de metodologia analitica para determinacao de mercurio total em amostras de urina por espectrometria de absorcao atomica com geracao de vapor frio (CV_AAS)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9446.

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PINTO, TERESA C. N. O. "Metodologia dosimetrica para extremidades em individuos ocupacionalmente expostos a radiacao beta por meio da tecnica de luminescencia opticamente estimulada." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9546.

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ALVES, ALICE dos S. "Estudo dos agentes de risco ocupacional e seus prováveis agravos na saúde humana." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2015. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/25321.

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Geghamyan, Narine. "Estimation of foetal radiation dose to occupationally exposed staff in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine." Thesis, Stockholm University, Medical Radiation Physics (together with KI), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7218.

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<p>The protection of the unborn child in pregnant women from ionizing radiation is very important because the foetus is particularly sensitive to the effects of radiation. In case of pregnant members of staff working with ionising radiation, the unborn child is treated as a member of the general public, and a dose limit of 1 mSv during pregnancy is applied in order to protect the foetus.</p><p>The purpose of this work was to collect relevant information on exposure conditions and entrance doses of occupationally exposed workers in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine, and to give guidelines on how to estimate foetal doses for pregnant staff in such workplaces.</p><p>With X-ray procedures, an accumulated dose of 2 mSv during pregnancy, measured on the trunk (breast or waist) and behind a lead apron, is sufficient to ensure a foetal dose below 1 mSv. For staff working with nuclear medicine, the corresponding limit is 1.5 mSv taking into account external exposure from 99mTc. When internal contamination cannot be neglected, additional precautions need to be considered.</p>
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MACHADO, JESSICA S. "Análise da distribuição das doses ocupacionais em operações de manutenção e intervenção em áreas restritas do Centro de Radiofarmácia do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10194.

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VENEZIANI, GLAUCO R. "Avaliação das doses resultantes de procedimentos radiodiagnósticos realizados em medicina veterinária e avaliação das doses secundárias de radiação espalhadas no corpo clínico e nos proprietários dos animais." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2012. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10190.

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Calegaro, Katia Maria dos Santos. "Exposição à radiação ionizante dos profissionais de saúde em hemodinâmica: o enfoque da enfermagem." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=729.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>As radiações ionizantes têm sido cada vez mais usadas na medicina contemporânea, inserida em contextos diagnósticos e terapêuticos. O objeto deste estudo foi, portanto, a exposição à radiação ionizante relacionada ao processo de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde em hemodinâmica e seus objetivos foram conhecer o perfil dos trabalhadores de saúde que atuam no setor de hemodinâmica, levantar os problemas de saúde provocados ou agravados pelo trabalho a partir da ótica do profissional, conhecer as doses ocupacionais dos trabalhadores, correlacionando os dados encontrados à luz da legislação específica vigente. Tratou-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quanti-qualitativa que teve como instrumentos de coleta de dados: a observação sistemática do local de estudo, lê-se, o setor de hemodinâmica de um hospital universitário localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro; a aplicação de um questionário com 35 perguntas abertas e fechadas aos sujeitos do estudo, lê-se, os profissionais de saúde médicos, enfermeiros, técnicos de enfermagem e técnicos de radiologia que atuavam no setor de hemodinâmica; e a busca documental pelas doses ocupacionais retrospectivas dos trabalhadores. Como resultados, identificou-se uma população com média de 39 anos, com experiência profissional média, em saúde e hemodinâmica, de 10 anos, que trabalham em mais de uma instituição de saúde expostos à radiação ionizante. Foram discutidas questões relativas à saúde, segurança, formação e prática profissional dos sujeitos à luz das legislações que versam sobre o uso de radiações ionizantes. Concluiu-se a necessidade de adaptações e mudanças em diversas esferas / setores objetivando a otimização da radioproteção, da saúde dos trabalhadores e da prática em hemodinâmica.<br>Ionizing radiations have been used in the contemporary medicine, inserted in disgnostic and therapeutical contexts. Therefore, the object of this study was the relation among ionizing radiation exposition and the work process of the health professionals at hemodynamic; the objectives were: know the profile of the professionals working at hemodynamic unit, identify health problems caused or aggravated by work on the workers agreement, know the occupational dosis of this professionals and correlate data with the specific current law. This is a descriptive study, quanti-qualitative that had like data collection instruments: a systematic observation of an hemodynamic unit located in an university hospital in Rio de Janeiro; application of a questionnaire with 35 open and closed questions to population healths professionals: physicians, nurses, radiology technicians and nursing technicians - that works at hemodynamics, and a documentary search about their last occupational dosis. The results of this study shows a population with average age of 39 years, with a lot of professional experience, in health and hemodynamic (10 years in average), that work at more than one health institution exposed to ionizing radiation. Questions about health, security, graduation and professional practice had been analyzed and argued based in the specific legislation. The conclusions are a necessity of adaptations and changes in diverse sectors objectifying the optimization of radioprotection, workers health and the practice at hemodynamics units.
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CACCURI, LILIAN S. "Avaliação da exposição ocupacional ao sup(222)Rn no galpão da salvaguardas do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2007. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11598.

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MANOCCHI, FABIO H. "Monitoração de Rn-222 nos galpões de armazenamento de rejeitos radioativos do IPEN." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2014. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23275.

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-01-19T10:17:33Z No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-19T10:17:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)<br>IPEN/D<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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ALBERIGI, SIMONE. "Avaliação da exposição ao sup(222)Rn nas cavernas do Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2006. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11446.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:51:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:57:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Dissertação (Mestrado)<br>IPEN/D<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Alberigi, Simone. "Avaliação da exposição ao ²²²Rn nas cavernas do Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-09052012-151951/.

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No presente trabalho foram determinadas as concentrações de radônio em seis cavernas do Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (PETAR) e foi estimada a dose efetiva anual recebida pelos guias turísticos da região. O PETAR apresenta quatro núcleos de visitação: Santana, Ouro Grosso, Caboclos e Casa de Pedra e recebe anualmente cerca de 40 mil visitantes. As cavernas escolhidas foram Couto, Água Suja, Laje Branca, Morro Preto e Santana, do núcleo Santana e a caverna Alambari de Baixo do núcleo Ouro Grosso, por receberem o maior número de turistas. Os níveis de radônio foram determinados utilizando detectores de traços nucleares do estado sólido Makrofol E expostos trimestralmente por um período de 26 meses, entre Outubro de 2003 e Novembro de 2005. As concentrações de 222Rn variaram na faixa de 153 Bq.m-3 a 6607 Bq.m-3, sendo observado que, de uma maneira geral, os níveis de radônio diminuem nos períodos frios. A dose efetiva anual, considerando os cenários mais realistas, com média geométrica das concentrações, fator de equilíbrio 0,5 e tempo de exposição anual para cada caverna, variou entre 0,2 mSv.a-1 para a caverna Couto, bastante ventilada e 4,0 mSv.a-1 para a caverna Santana, a mais visitada, com galerias sem comunicação externa. Para o pior cenário, com média aritmética das concentrações, fator de equilíbrio 1 e tempo de exposição anual para todas as cavernas, a dose efetiva anual total foi 16,1 mSv.a-1. Todas as estimativas da dose efetiva anual estão abaixo de 20 mSv.a-1, sugerido como o valor limite para dose efetiva anual para exposição ocupacional pela Comissão Internacional de Proteção Radiológica (ICRP 60, 1990).<br>In the present work, radon concentrations in six caves of PETAR - Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (High Ribeira River Turistic State Park) were carried out with Makrofol E solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD) and used to assess the annual effective dose received by regional tour guides. The park has four visitation centers: Santana, Ouro Grosso, Caboclos e Casa de Pedra and receives nearly 40,000 people annually. The caves evaluated were Couto, Água Suja, Laje Branca, Morro Preto and Santana, from Santana center and Alambari de Baixo from Ouro Grosso center, for being the most frequently visited caves. The exposure period of the SSNTD was, at least, three months, over a period of 26 months, from October 2003 to November 2005. The 222Rn concentrations lay in a range from 153 Bq.m-3 to 6607 Bq.m-3 and we observed that, in general, for chilly weather, the radon levels decrease. The annual effective dose, considering the most realistic scenario, with geometric mean concentrations, an equilibrium factor of 0.5 and annual exposure time for each cave, varied from 0.2 mSv.a-1 for the Couto cave, strongly ventilated, to 4.0 mSv.a-1 for the Santana cave, the most frequently visited and no external communication. For the worst scenario, with arithmetic mean concentrations, equilibrium factor 1 and annual exposure time for all caves, the annual effective dose was 16.1 mSv.a-1. All assessed effective doses received by the tour guides are bellow 20 mSv.a-1, suggested as an annual effective dose limit for occupational exposure by the International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP 60, 1990).
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CHEN, CHI-CHUNG, and 陳志忠. "Evaluation of radiation dose and occupational safety in cardiac catherization room using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rs2fs3.

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碩士<br>元培醫事科技大學<br>醫學影像暨放射技術系碩士在職專班<br>104<br>Changes in Taiwanese people’s living and dietary habits have led to an increase in the number of patients with cardiovascular disease. According to a statistical report released by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2014,cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases ranked second and third among the 10 leading causes of death, respectively. In Taiwan, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia increased from 4.3% in the 1970s to 12.7% in the 1990s, and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia increased from 6.5% to 24.1%; indicating that 12–24 in 100 people have had vascular disease. Although cardiac catheterization is an invasive test, its diagnostic efficacy is excellent, and patients can be treated without undergoing surgery. X-rays are an indispensable interventional radiologicalprocedure, but patients treated at cardiac catheterization laboratories and angiography roomsare exposed to long-term radiation, which can also affect staff. Therefore, this study employed an optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter to measure the environmental radiation dose received by patients and staff in a cardiac catheterization laboratory during cardiac catheterizationto elucidate possible radiation safety problemsfrom performing X-rays during cardiac catheterization.real intention to implement screening. In this study, an optical stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) was employed to determine the required dose level for cardiac catheterization photography and to understand radiation safety and space dose rates for cardiac catheterization examination. The seasonal period from November 2014 to January 2015, which featured the highest number of cardiac catheterization examinations, was chosen to investigate dose assessment, the use of proper positions for dose distribution measurement, the placement of the OSLD fabricated from aluminum oxide on a prosthesis surface inside and outside the optical field, and the measurement of accumulated space dose rates. According to the results, the highest dose level at the radiation source center among various cardiac catheterization examination durations was 84 mSv; on average, for every 100,000 people who received cardiac catheterization surgery, 14.98 people were diagnosed with lethal cancer. Because some doctors did not wear a lead collar, for every 100,000 doctors, 0.485 doctors were diagnosed with lethal thyroid cancer. The dose level was related to the X-ray fluoroscopy duration, photographic conditions, disease complexity, and operation skills. The average fluoroscopy time for the highest surface dose level was 1488 s. We suggest that the fluoroscopy time should not influence diagnosis quality and that patients should avoid long exposure to fluoroscopy; accordingly, efficient fluoroscopy procedures should be implemented.
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Yi-SinWong and 翁怡莘. "The relationship between workers with occupational exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation and changes in the hematological profiles." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32816426843603670889.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>環境醫學研究所<br>104<br>Objectives: To evaluate possible changes in the hematological profiles and serum-thyroid hormones of workers with long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation, and determine whether there is a dose-response effect according to exposure duration. Methods: In study 1, we collected health examination reports from employees who worked near radiation source for more than 10 years in Chiayi Christian Hospital during 2005 to 2014 as case group. In addition, we also selected workers but who were not working on radiation-related jobs in the same hospital as control group. We excluded those with a history of cancer, autoimmune disease, anemia, liver cirrhosis or renal disease. White blood cell count, red blood cell count, platelet count and hemoglobin were selected from reports of health examination in both group, and we used repeated measure ANOVA to compare the difference of hematological changes between case and control group. In study 2, we collected reports of health examination from employees who worked on radiation-related jobs at Chia-Yi Cristian Hospital for more than 2 years during 2002 to 2013. Similarly, we collected health examination reports from workers in Lan-Yu nuclear waste deposal for more than 2 years during 2007 to 2011 in study 3. We excluded those with a history of cancer, autoimmune disease, and systemic diseases, such as liver cirrhosis or end-stage renal disease in study 2 and study 3. Then we analyzed thyroid hormones in the health-examination reports to determine whether the changes in serum-thyroid hormones were related to exposure duration, and the generalized estimating equation for repeated measures with thyroid hormones was used to examine the association between working years and ionizing radiation exposure both in study 2 and study 3. Results: In study 1, there were no significant differences in the changes of white blood cell count(WBC), red blood cell count(RBC), platelet and hemoglobin(Hb) between case group (n=69) and control group (n=74). In study 2, 326 hospital workers with low-dose radiation exposure were included, and significant declines of Triiodothyronine(T3) (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–0.97) and Thyroxine(T4) (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.87–0.91) after occupational exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation were found. Additionally, a significant linear dose-response relationship was observed between exposure duration and the decline in the serum concentrations of T3 and T4. However, there is no significant dose-response relationship between exposure duration and the decline in the serum concentrations of TSH except technician group (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.92–1.0). Moreover, there is significant decline in serum concentration of T4 in workers in Lan-Yu nuclear waste deposal, but there are no significant findings in changes of T3 and TSH in the study 3. Conclusion: Long-term working n radiation-related job might induce decline of thyroid hormones. Despite the healthcare workers having an extremely low radiation-exposure dose, there was still a dose-response relationship between occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and the decline in the serum concentrations of T3 and T4. This indicates that the serum concentration of thyroid hormones was more sensitive than hematological profiles, and it could be used as early-detection biomarkers for radiation exposure before thyroid disease arises. Accordingly, these results suggest we should reconsider the health impacts of occupational exposure to radiation and provide more protection in the workplace.
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