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1
Keniausytė, Inga. "Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos tarnybų veiklos vertinimas Lietuvos energetikos sektoriaus įmonėse." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20140625_190301-16339.
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Darbo jėgą sudaro apie 45 % pasaulio gyventojų. Profesinės traumos, su darbu susijusios ligos turi didelę reikšmę darbuotojų sveikatai. Ligos, kurios nesusijusios su darbu, gali taip pat turėti įtakos darbo našumui. Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos tarnybos plačiai pripažįstamos kaip esminis sveikesnės ir saugesnės darbo aplinkos kūrimo elementas. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos tarnybų veiklą Lietuvos energetikos sektoriaus įmonėse. Darbo tikslui pasiekti buvo iškelti šie uždaviniai: įvertinti Lietuvos Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos tarnybų funkcijų atitikimą TDO 161 (ILO 161) konvencijai; nustatyti vykdomas Lietuvos energetikos sektoriaus įmonių Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos tarnybų funkcijas; įvertinti Lietuvos energetikos sektoriaus įmonių Darbuotojų saugos ir sveikatos žmogiškųjų resursų atitikimą Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktams. Lietuvos DSS tarnybų funkcijų atitikimas TDO 161 konvencijai buvo vertinamas pagal 11 funkcijų, reglamentuotų konvencijoje. DSS tarnybų funkcijos ir žmogiškieji resursai nustatyti atlikus anketinė apklausą, kuri atlikta 2009 m. lapkričio – gruodžio mėnesiais. Naudota anketa sudaryta remiantis Pasaulinės sveikatos organizacijos rekomendacijomis: „Regioninės rekomendacijos: Sveikos darbo vietos plėtra“ ir „Pagrindinės profesinės sveikatos tarnybos“. Tyrimo metu atlikus anketinę apklausą ištirta 14 (53,8 proc.) energetikos sektoriaus DSS tarnybų. Lietuvos DSS tarnybų funkcijų atitikimas parodė, kad šių tarnybų veiklos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>Labour force is constituted of some 45 per cent of the world population. Occupational injuries, as well as work related diseases have a lot of influence on health of the labour force. Diseases, which are not related to work, may also have an impact on efficiency of work. Occupational health and safety (OHS) services are widely recognized as the essential element of healthier and more secure labour environment. The aim of the work is to evaluate activities of OHS services in energy sector companies in Lithuania. The following tasks were raised in order to achieve the aim: to assess the conformity of functions performed by Lithuanian OHS services with ILO Convention No. 161; to identify functions of OHS services in energy sector companies in Lithuania; to identify and evaluate the conformity of human resources of OHS services in energy sector companies in Lithuania with the legislation of the Republic of Lithuania. Conformity of functions of Lithuanian OHS services with ILO Convention No. 161 was assessed on the basis of 11 functions regulated in the Convention. Functions and human resources of the Occupational health and safety services were detected having performed a questionnaire survey in November – December 2009. Questionnaire was drawn up following the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO): Regional Guidelines for the Development of Healthy Workplaces and Basic Occupational Health Services. During the research a questionnaire survey was performed, which... [to full text]
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Wu, Hon-Fan. "A study of behavioural change in occupational safety in a metal works at Shenzhen, China." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8284.
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The present study applied a combined behavioural and attitudinal approach in occupational safety in a Hong Kong-based metal house in Shenzhen, China in an attempt to modify the safety behaviours and attitudes of the workers by means of posted feedback plus goal-setting. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, this is the first study of this type to be attempted in a Chinese industrial setting. A total of 142 respondents from the four departments, namely Heavy Duty, Small Press, Hand Press and Drilling were involved in the survey with a multiple-based line design for an environment where random sampling was impossible. Meanwhile, the study also intended to explore the underlying factors that affected the safety attitudes of the respondents. These factors included influences from traditional culture and religions. A self-constructed observation checklist and a questionnaire adopted from the Health and Safety Executive Report No. 81 (HSE, 1996) on attitude investigation were the major research instruments. Percentaged analysis, ANOVA, T-Test and Fisher Exact Test set at 0.05 level were applied to determine the significance of differences in the workers' behaviours and attitudes before and after the intervention. From the results of the research, it was found that i) there were relationships between the workers' behaviours in occupational safety and posted-feedback plus goal-setting in the Heavy-duty Press, Small Press and Hand Press Departments; ii) there were relationships between the intervention and the workers' attitudes in terms of -'Supervisor Satisfaction' in the Heavy Duty and the Small Press Departments; -'Shop-floor Training' with the Heavy Duty Press and the Small Press Departments; -'Safety Meeting' with the Small Press Department; -' Safety Working Procedures' with the Heavy Duty Press and the Small Press Departments; iii) the results demonstrated that there were relationships between attitudes of the formally trained workers and those of their peer workers without formal training towards occupational safety in terms of -'Supervisor Satisfaction' with the Heavy Duty Press Department; -'Safety Meeting' with the Heavy Duty Press Department; -' Safety Working Procedures' with the Small Press department; iv) there were relationships between workers with self-reported accident rates and those without in terms of their safety attitudes towards -'Supervisor Knowledge' with the Heavy Duty Press Department; -'Shop-floor Satisfaction' with the Heavy Duty Press Department; -'Shop-floor Environment: Hardware' with the Small Press Department. Intervention was related to both the workers' attitudes and their behaviours in work safety in the Heavy-duty Press, the Small Press and the Hand Press departments. Throughout the investigation, no significant change was found with both the respondents' safety behaviours or attitudes in the Drilling Department during the periods when interventions were introduced to other departments. Concerning the controlling factors for the workers' attitudes towards work safety, cultural and religious factors could explain the workers' under-reporting of accidents and injuries. These findings implied that researchers needed to be aware of the tremendous local cultural and religious concerns when applying western rationales to constructing a safety culture in developing countries.
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Espiner, Stephen. "The phenomenon of risk and its management in natural resource recreation and tourism settings : a case study of Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers, Westland National Park, New Zealand." Lincoln University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/638.
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The significance of risk is growing in many Western societies, a phenomenon linked to increasing individualism, personal choice, and outcome uncertainty in multiple spheres of life. Despite being healthier and more physically protected from harm than any previous society, a serious concern for safety and risk control is emerging as a defining characteristic of modern social life. Within the context of a risk-averse society, this thesis investigates the nature and relevance of risk in natural resource recreation and tourism settings. Millions of people every day visit national parks and other protected areas around the world in which natural hazards inhere. Many visitors fail to recognise these hazards, creating moral, legal, and ethical issues for natural resource managers. People travel to national parks anticipating a degree of adventure, to escape routines, and to witness the grandeur of nature. Ironically, the very qualities that attract people to natural areas may also put them at risk. Managers of natural resource tourism and recreation areas in New Zealand are confronted with a paradox born out of visitor demand for nature experiences, a legal obligation to facilitate free access, and a growing social emphasis on health and safety. In particular, this study assesses the risk perceptions of visitors to the Fox and Franz Josef glaciers, popular tourist attractions on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island, and explores the risk perceptions and beliefs of resource management agency staff. The study also investigates the issue of risk communication at these two sites, and the degree to which existing hazard messages are successful at encouraging appropriate visitor behaviour. Pictorial hazard warning signs are introduced to the sites and their effectiveness evaluated. The findings show that many visitors (especially international visitors) have relatively poor awareness of natural hazards, and behave in ways which potentially compromise physical safety. It is argued that perceptions and behaviour are a consequence of diverse individual and situational factors including limited knowledge of the sites, beliefs about management, poor comprehension of hazard warning signs, and freedom from the normative constraints of everyday life. In contrast to visitors, managers at the glacier sites consider the risks to be significant, and, potentially, severe. It is argued that managers' perceptions of risk are influenced by several important social and site-specific factors, including their own experiences of hazards at the glaciers, perceived legal and moral obligations, the organisational culture, and impressions of high societal expectation concerning safety. The situation is further complicated by the freedom of access principle in national parks, and increasing tourist demand for nature-based experiences. These factors governed beliefs about the subject of risk. This study identifies several dimensions of risk in nature-based recreation and tourism settings. Visitors are at risk of personal accident or injury at certain tourism attractions. Awareness of hazards is limited, visitor behaviour compromises safety, and existing communication strategies are only partially effective. Risk is also apparent in the agency responsible for management of outdoor recreation areas. Site managers perceive a risk in their failure to prevent visitors from harm, whereas senior managers identify risk as primarily financial, legal, and political. Collectively, these factors demonstrate that the phenomenon of risk is increasingly important in the tourism and recreation context, and has the potential to influence significantly both management and experience of protected natural areas in New Zealand.
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Cross, Martyn. "Occupational respiratory health surveillance at Minara Resources, Murrin Murrin mine site." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/418.
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This thesis outlines the results of occupational respiratory health surveillance at Minara Resources, Murrin Murrin mine site. The research was conducted as part of a collaborative agreement between Edith Cowan University and Minara Resources, the overarching title of which was ‗Establishing best practice protocols in the management of occupational and environmental health in a high-risk mining and ore-processing environment‘. To form the basis of this research it was hypothesised that although the chemical hazards had been adequately identified, and the occupational exposures in each work area at Murrin Murrin were generally well below their respective occupational exposure levels, it was still possible that additive, or even synergistic biological effects could cause adverse respiratory health effects due to the exposure to a combination of these atmospheric contaminants. This was the perception and a concern voiced by the Murrin Murrin workforce. Therefore, in working through the hypothesis, a literature review concentrating on the gaps in current knowledge and research for the early detection of occupational respiratory diseases was conducted, and the research tool and experiment design determined. The case for using pulmonary function tests in conjunction with a respiratory questionnaire in assessing early respiratory changes due to occupational exposures was established. Over a period between 17 February 2004 and 21 June 2006, a longitudinal study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lung function of employees at the Murrin Murrin Operation, and compared with a local control group consisting of catering staff who resided at the accommodation camp approximately eight kilometres from the mine site. Lung function data were also compared to established predicted normal values from a reference population with normal lung function. Lung function data were analysed to determine whether there was an effect due to the area worked, and the employee‘s length of service. The lung function parameters of the study group, corrected for age and height were compared using linear regression analysis with both the control group and the predicted normal values. Repeat lung function tests were conducted on a sample of the original study group approximately two years after the initial study and statistically analysed to determine whether there was an effect on lung function over this time period. In addition, lung function tests were conducted for a cohort of refinery workers at the start and end of their two-week work period to determine whether there was a before-and-after effect due to their working conditions. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was less in the study group compared to the controls; and these respiratory symptoms were determined to be non-work-related. On statistical analysis, for the ‗presumed healthy‘ workers (minus the smokers and those with known non-work-related respiratory symptoms) there was no overall decrement in lung function. Similarly, there was no overall statistically significant decrement in lung function for the ‗presumed healthy‘ workers in the repeat study conducted approximately two years after the initial study. There was no decrement in lung function associated with area work; nor was there a decrement in lung function for the cohort of refinery workers from the start to completion of their two-week work period. However, there were decrements in lung function for the smokers in the study and control groups. There was a significant difference in FEV1 between non-smokers and smokers with length of service (p
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Lo, Monaco Emmanuel. "A study of forward head-body tilts in human balance control /." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59541.
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The objective of this thesis was to investigate the contributions of both the vestibular and foot/ankle somatosensory inputs to the mechanisms controlling lower limb muscular activity of normal human subjects. The standing subject was modelled as a single-link inverted pendulum, producing whole head-body tilts about an axis colinear with the ankle joints.<br>A paradigm was developed whereby the vestibular and the ankle proprioceptive afferent systems were systematically and selectively controlled or eliminated. There was a greater tendency for reflex response to be activated in the three lower limb muscles when the forward tilts had an acceleration larger than 1.4 g. This was found when the whole head-body tilts were delivered with minimal changes in ankle angle or a significant change in ankle angle from the neutral position towards dorsiflexion. Frequency of occurrence was greater for the more proximal muscle when there was minimal ankle dorsiflexion, and for one of the distal muscles when there was ankle dorsiflexion. The proximal hip extensor muscle tended to have the shortest latency during whole head-body tilts alone, while the most distal muscles had the shortest latency when the tilts occurred concomitantly with ankle rotation.
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Thompson, Isaac Benjamin. "Challenge and hindrance stressor appraisals, personal resources, and work engagement among K-12 teachers." Thesis, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1537107.
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<p> Stress has long been conceptualized as consisting of two factors, eustress, or good stress, and distress, or bad stress (Selye, 1956). The occupational stress literature identifies <i>challenge</i> stressors as those associated with favorable outcomes, and <i>hindrance</i> stressors as those associated with negative outcomes (Cavanaugh, Boswell, Roehling, & Boudreau, 2000). The current study had three objectives: 1) to investigate occupational level stressor appraisal by K-12 teachers, 2) to explore how the perception of the availability of resources influences individual level stressor appraisal, and 3) to test differential outcomes of challenge and hindrance stress. Results indicate that K-12 teachers appraise workload as a hindrance stressor more than as a challenge stressor, which is contrary to existing management literature categorizing workload a challenge stressor. Perceived resources also accounted for significant variance in individual appraisal of stressors as a hindrance. Results pinpoint precise personal and organizational resources that contribute to stressor appraisals as a hindrance. Finally, hindrance stress significantly detracted from engagement while challenge stress did not affect work engagement.</p>
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DeShaw, Jonathan. "New methodologies for evaluating human biodynamic response and discomfort during seated whole-body vibration considering multiple postures." Thesis, The University of Iowa, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3628472.
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<p> The lack of adequate equipment and measurement tools in whole-body vibration has imposed significant constraints on what can be measured and what can be investigated in the field. Most current studies are limited to single direction measurements while focusing on simple postures. Besides the limitation in measurement, most of the current biomechanical measures, such as the seat-to-head transmissibility, have discrepancies in the way they are calculated across different labs. Additionally, this field lacks an important measure to quantify the subjective discomfort of individuals, especially when sitting with different postures or in multiple-axis vibration. </p><p> This work begins by explaining discrepancies in measurement techniques and uses accelerometers and motion capture to provide the basis for more accurate measurement during single- and three-dimensional human vibration responses. Building on this concept, a new data collection method is introduced using inertial sensors to measure the human response in whole-body vibration. The results indicate that measurement errors are considerably reduced by utilizing the proposed methods and that accurate measurements can be gathered in multiple-axis vibration. </p><p> Next, a biomechanically driven predictive model was developed to evaluate human discomfort during single-axis sinusoidal vibration. The results indicate that the peak discomfort can be captured with the predictive model during multiple seated postures. The predictive model was then modified to examine human discomfort to whole-body vibration on a larger scale with random vibrations, multiple postures, and multiple vibration directions. The results demonstrate that the predictive measure can capture human discomfort in random vibration and during varying seated postures. </p><p> Lastly, a new concept called effective seat-to-head transmissibility is introduced, which describes how to combine the human body's biodynamic response to vibration from multiple directions. This concept is further utilized to quantify the human response using many different vibration conditions and seated postures during 6D vibration. The results from this study demonstrate how complicated vibrations from multiple-input and multiple-output motions can be resolved into a single measure. The proposed effective seat-to-head transmissibility concept presents an objective tool to gain insights into the effect of posture and surrounding equipment on the biodynamic response of the operators. </p><p> This thesis is timely as advances in seat design for operators are increasingly important with evolving armrests, backrests, and seat suspension systems. The utilization of comprehensive measurement techniques, a predictive discomfort model, and the concept of effective seat-to-head transmissibility, therefore, would be beneficial to the fields of seat/equipment design as well as human biomechanics studies in whole-body vibration.</p>
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Grosdemouge, Loic. "Comprendre le travail des professionnels des ressources humaines pour développer leur pouvoir d’agir : le cas d’une intervention ergonomique dans un groupe de l’industrie chimique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0850/document.
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Au cours des quinze dernières années, les professionnels des ressources humaines ont été de plus en plus mobilisés dans la gestion des questions de santé et sécurité au travail (notamment pénibilité, risques psychosociaux, handicap). Toutefois, les problèmes de santé et sécurité au travail (SST) sont complexes et les professionnels des ressources humaines peuvent éprouver des difficultés à les mettre en congruence avec toutes les missions attenantes à leur fonction. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons de regarder les professionnels RH comme des travailleurs à part entière et d’analyser leur activité de gestion des enjeux de SST dans une approche ergonomique. Notre objectif est d’identifier les déterminants qui génèrent de l’empêchement dans leur activité ou qui permettent de développer leurs marges de manœuvre. Notre analyse se base sur une intervention-recherche de quatre ans dans un groupe de l’industrie chimique. Dans le cadre de cette intervention, nous avons accompagné des professionnels RH, en particulier dans le déploiement d’un accord paritaire sur la prévention de la pénibilité du travail. Nous sommes ainsi parvenu à assembler de nombreuses données sur l’activité des professionnels RH dans le cadre de notre accompagnement. Parallèlement, nous avons également mis en œuvre diverses méthodologies de collecte de données (entretien, chronique d’activité, recueil de courriels). Les résultats de notre analyse mettent en lumière plusieurs sources d’empêchement dans le travail de prévention des professionnels RH : balkanisation de la fonction RH, déficit de régulation conjointe entre leurs prescripteurs, manque de légitimité, hypertrophie des relations sociales, manque d’espaces de débat sur leur travail. Mais nos résultats mettent aussi en évidence la capacité des professionnels RH à développer leur pouvoir d’agir. Ce développement passe en particulier par la construction de collectifs de travail et la réalisation d’activités collectives, au sein de la fonction RH et avec d’autres fonctions clés de l’entreprise. Enfin, notre analyse montre que les ergonomes peuvent être des contributeurs essentiels au développement du pouvoir d’agir des professionnels RH, en participant notamment à l'élaboration d'objets-frontières et d'objets transactionnels utiles aux échanges avec d’autres fonctions de l’entreprise<br>Over the past fifteen years, human resource professionals have increasingly been involved in the management of occupational health and safety issues (especially arduousness of the work, psychosocial risks, disability at work).However, occupational health and safety (OHS) issues are complex and human resource professionals may find it difficult to match them with all the missions attached to their function.In this thesis, we propose to look at HR professionals as full part workers and to analyze their OHS management activity in an ergonomic approach. Our objective is to identify the determinants that generate impediments in their activity or that allow them to develop their leeway.Our analysis is based on a four-year research-intervention in a chemical industry group. As part of this intervention, we have assisted HR professionals, particularly in the implementation of a joint agreement on the prevention of the arduousness of the work. Thereby, we manage to assemble a significant amount of data regarding the activity of HR professionals in the context of our support. In addition, we have also implemented various data collection methodologies (interview, activity chronicle, e-mail mining).The results of our analysis highlight several sources of impediments in the prevention work of HR professionals: balkanization of the HR function, deficiency of joint regulation among their prescribers, lack of legitimacy, hypertrophy of social relations, void of spaces for work debate.However, our results also highlight the ability of HR professionals to develop their power to act. This development involves the construction of work collectives and the realization of collective activities, within the HR function and with other company stakeholders.Finally, our analysis shows that ergonomists can be essential contributors to the development of the power to act of HR professionals, especially by participating in the creation of border objects and transactional objects useful for exchanges with other functions of the company
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Alabdullatif, Abdulrahman M. "Impact of Lighting on Human Biomechanical Response During Lifting in Confined Spaces." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1479809352830833.
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Ay, Haluk. "Linear and Nonlinear Models of Human Hand-Arm Dynamics and Torque Tool Interaction." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1315418040.
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Williams, H. J. "Postgraduate perspectives of distance e-learning : a qualitative case study of online distance learning in occupational safety and health." Thesis, University of Salford, 2004. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2177/.
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The use of the Internet as a medium for education has grown exponentially since the mid-1990s. Institutions of higher education are increasingly offering online access to distance education programmes, especially at postgraduate level. Some see e-learning as offering solutions to many problems traditionally associated with distance education. Research into e-learning at a distance has largely focussed on the effectiveness of differing technologies for the delivery of online courses, the emphasis being upon the technology itself, with few studies examining the student experience of this new phenomenon. It is therefore argued that a gap exists, as the views of distance e-learners at postgraduate level have seldom been paid attention, with their specific and individual needs failing to be addressed. This study aims to rectify this gap by examining postgraduates' experiences of e-learning at a distance. The purpose of the study is to inform the future development of elearning at postgraduate level and help determine how higher education can best support this rapidly expanding group of learners. The research presents a qualitative case study of a group of students studying modules from the University of Salford's MSc/Postgraduate Diploma in Occupational Safety and Health in a virtual learning environment called GOLDPhase, which was specifically designed and developed to facilitate the study. Issues related to the students' heightened awareness of their peers, their sensitivity to tutor feedback, and the learning strategies they adopted are identified and discussed. The findings show that e-learning engendered a range of barriers and enhancements for this group of distance learners. The enhancements were largely computer based and barriers were mostly sociological. The findings have implications for both online teaching and online learning strategies. As distance e-learning is in its infancy the study will increase overall understanding in this area and contribute to the growing body of knowledge.
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Parthasarathy, Sriya. "Digital Human Modeling of the Obese & Aging Population in Automotive Manufacturing." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437474997.
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Taaffe, Emma. ""We suffered in silence" : health and safety at Chatham Dockyard, 1945 to 1984 : evaluating the causes and management of occupational hazards, relating especially to asbestos, ionising radiation and masculinity." Thesis, University of Hull, 2013. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:10524.
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This thesis is designed to enhance knowledge and understanding of a range of issues relating to the health and safety of the workforce at Chatham Dockyard from 1945 until its closure in 1984. During this period, the Chatham Dockyard workforce was predominantly white, male and working class. Many workers entered the Dockyard with the expectation of a job for life, while others aimed to take advantage of the superior education system to advance to management grades or to progress to further education and/or a career in naval architecture. The majority of workers lived locally and generations of families from the Medway area earned their living in the Dockyard. Casual workers were also employed and came and went as labour requirements fluctuated, while women occupied positions in clerical, cooking, cleaning, sailmaking, ropemaking and, latterly, traditional male roles such as engineering, slinging and plumbing. A key objective of this study is to establish how dangerous it was to work in the Dockyard, with particular reference to the significant hazards posed by asbestos and ionising radiation. The effectiveness of efforts to mitigate the risks of Dockyard labour is assessed, while the health and safety legislative framework is explored, as is its application to the Dockyards. Gauging the influence of an overtly masculine culture on worker safety, which is central to understanding how and why workers endangered themselves (consciously or not) in some circumstances, is a further objective of this study. In order to establish the masculine culture of this working environment, masculine behaviour traits are explored including camaraderie, provider mentality, risk taking and attitudes toward female workers (especially those working in traditionally male roles). Management strategies are also considered, with Admiralty/Ministry of Defence and local management policies set in their historical and legislative contexts in an attempt to shed light on the factors that informed decision making and management behaviour. This encompasses an account of the comprehensive educational and medical facilities provided to the Dockyard’s labour force in the period. In addition to the review of relevant secondary literature, the study utilises a range of documentary and life history sources. The latter include interviews and questionnaires completed by former workers, relating to work experiences, culture and the impact of industrial injury/disease. This evidence reveals a combination of causal factors that contributed to dangerous working conditions at Chatham Dockyard. While shipbuilding and ship-repairing work itself could be perilous, the study identifies the following contributory factors to risk: competing priorities impacted on the level of protection afforded to workers by the Admiralty and latterly the Ministry of Defence; masculine culture among workers increased the risk of succumbing to occupational illness or injury; and where legislation and Admiralty/MoD policy sought to address risks, these efforts were frequently hampered by communication failure, gaps in knowledge and poor management decisions. The study opens a discourse on the history of health and safety in the Royal Dockyards after 1945 and contributes to the historiographies of the use and impact of asbestos and nuclear power in industry. It also adds to literature in the fields of naval, maritime, labour, gender and medical history, while the testimony collected during the study makes an important contribution to the life history of Chatham Dockyard and builds on existing oral histories of the Royal Dockyards.
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Savarese, Josephine. "The gifts of the chip? : the regulation of occupational health and safety in the post-industrial age." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30324.
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In the face of the extensive changes resulting from the Post-Industrial Age, many are questioning "the gifts of the chip," or, more specifically, the ability of computer technologies to deliver the comfort predicted. The objective of this thesis is to examine the law's response to computer technology concerning occupational health and safety. This inquiry is necessary due to the dramatic changes that have occurred in the workforce, altering the profile of workplace health.<br>The thesis begins with a reference to The Gift of Stones, a fictional account of the difficulties that stone workers experienced when the Bronze Age arrived. Modern labourers face parallel struggles due to the arrival of the Post-Industrial Age characterized by technological innovation and restructuring. The legitimacy and effectiveness of occupational health and safety law is challenged by changes to social institutions and by computer related work injuries.<br>In many jurisdictions, the state has responded to these changes by enacting ergonomic standards that seek to minimize the harmful effects of computer use. The thesis examines the trend towards ergonomic standards with particular focus on Canadian initiatives. In conclusion, it argues that ergonomic regulations are an important means of promoting safer computer practices. Additionally, ergonomic standards provide a mechanism for continued state regulation of occupational health and safety. The challenge for rule makers is ensuring that the standards are a component of comprehensive legal reforms.
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Feder, Katya Polena. "Handwriting performance in preterm survivors compared to peers." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85068.
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There are increasing numbers of preterm children of very low and extremely low birth weights surviving due to advances in neonatal care. The majority of these children attend mainstream classrooms and perform in the low average range on cognitive measures compared to peers. However, outcome studies document a range of subtle, clinically important impairments in their motor, visual-motor and visual perceptual performance compared to peers. The impact of these impairments on a complex, occupational task such as handwriting performance has never been investigated in the preterm population using an objective measure, except through parent or teacher questionnaires.<br>The primary objective of this doctoral thesis was to characterize and compare handwriting performance in preterm children (birth weight of ≤1250 grams) attending Grade One, to typically developing peers matched by age, gender and classroom. Standardized outcome measures were used to examine handwriting performance, sensorimotor component skills and psychosocial factors. Preterm survivors demonstrated significantly lower handwriting legibility and slower speed scores compared to matched peers. Visual perception and motor accuracy were identified as predictors of legibility; and in-hand manipulation (translation) and finger identification were associated with handwriting speed in preterm children. However, in typically developing children, legibility was associated with upper extremity steadiness, visual motor control and in-hand manipulation (rotation); and speed was associated with in-hand manipulation (translation) and upper limb speed and dexterity. These findings have important implications for clinical practice in guiding both evaluation approaches and intervention strategies. Clearly, preterm survivors are at high risk for developing handwriting difficulties at school-age. Increasing awareness may help with early identification and intervention with a view towards minimizing the negative effects on self-esteem and academic achievement often documented in children with handwriting difficulty.
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Rukambile, Elpidius John. "Public health risks of infection associated with bacterial pathogens of food safety importance in chickens in rural Tanzania." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25012.
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The chickens are colonised by and shed Campylobacter spp. and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. which can be an important source of infection to humans. The most important source of Campylobacter and Salmonella infections in low- and middle-income countries, is thought to be close contact with live animals, and animal and human faecal contaminated environments. This arises as a result of unsafe water supply, and poor hygiene practices and sanitation. This study examined the risks that may contribute to the acquisition of animal-related foodborne pathogens in infants and young children in two rural districts of central Tanzania. Growth stage was commonly mentioned by questionnaire survey respondents (44.4%) as the main cause of diarrhoea in children under five years of age, among many causes listed. Among others, use of drinking water from open wells (OR = 0.46, 95% CI. 0.39 - 0.54; p < 0.001) and public tap (OR = 0.51, 95% CI. 0.44 - 0.61; p < 0.001) in the dry season was protective against childhood diarrhoea, compared to stream, river, pond or dam water. Sharing water sources with animals in the dry season (OR=1.48, 95% CI. 1.29 - 1.70; p < 0.001) and chickens roosting inside the home overnight (OR = 1.39, 95% CI. 1.20 - 1.60; p < 0.001) were associated with an increase in children diarrhoea incidences. Households headed by members of the Sukuma (p = 0.005) ethnic group and washing hands in running water (p = 0.007) were associated with higher height-for-age z-scores. Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Salmonella spp. were detected in chicken cloacal, latrine and kitchen floor swabs during dry and rainy seasons and several Salmonella serovars of public health importance were isolated from chickens. Prevention of gastrointestinal infections of animal origin should be directed at improving local water supplies, hygiene practices and sanitation, and introducing good animal husbandry skills which consider available resources and existing cultural practices.
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Mobli, Nasim, and Pillamari Prasad Ramlubhai. "Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace : A study on Emotional Intelligence in Workers’ Occupational Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) in the workplace." Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50384.
Full textAbstract:
Work-related accidents emerge from potential hazards that can cause different negative outcomes in different situations. Human errors are specific actions that can either directly (active errors) or indirectly (latent errors) cause an accident in the workplace. Nowadays in order to establish an applicable system in the way of maintenance and preferment of a work environment without any accidents that are trying to develop the HSE system. In fact, this management system has been using as a significant tool to control and improve the performance of health and safety and the environment in all development programs of industries and organizations. In this term, one of the important perspectives of HSE management is Emotional Intelligence which deals with the management’s ability and safety performance in the workplace. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Occupational Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) management in the workplace, to reduce industrial incidents of human factors. Therefore, there is a requirement for a better understanding of how Emotional Intelligence factors influence health and safety performance in the workplace. A qualitative study has been done to achieve this purpose. In this case, data has been collected through eight semi-structured interviews with HSE managers and officers that participated from different industries around the world. The main focus of this collection data was extracting the perspectives of the individual’s views. Afterward, to create a theory, the data has been analyzed according to different steps for a grounded analysis regarding discovering how the Emotional Intelligence factors of employees impact their health and safety performance in the workplace. The results of this study have shown that there are mainly two areas to study which are key roles of Emotional Intelligence in safety performance and key roles for effective Healthy, Safety, and Environment management. It has shown that the key roles of Emotional Intelligence in safety performance is being able to manage your own and being able to deal with other’s emotions. Besides, key roles for effective Healthy, Safety, and Environment management only three factors have been important to improve the safety act which is being able to make the correct decision in the emergency situation’ and ability to prevent incidents at the workplace as well as the level of perception of risk. These results demonstrated that strong factors of Emotional Intelligence are vital to improve the health and safety performance at the workplace and the improvement of these abilities should be approached for the workplace.
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Blunt, Robert A. (Robert Andrew). "Influence of body weight support on soleus H-reflex modulation in normal and spinal cord injured human subjects during standing and walking." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59826.
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The soleus H-reflex modulation pattern was measured in 8 normal and 8 spastic paretic subjects during standing and walking, under the conditions of 0% and 40% body weight support (BWS). In standing, both the normal and patient groups showed no significant difference (p $<$ 0.01) in the H-reflex amplitude between 0% and 40% BWS. Normal subjects had a phase dependent modulation of the H-reflex during gait, there being no significant difference (p $<$ 0.001) in this modulation with 40% BWS. The patients had an abnormally elevated H-reflex throughout the step cycle, although five showed some modulation. In the patient group, 40% BWS produced a decrease of the H-reflex amplitude mainly in the push-off phase. BWS produced a decrease in electromyographic (EMG) mean burst amplitude of the lower limb muscles investigated, with more appropriate EMG activity timing. BWS improved knee and ankle angular displacements in patients, which were associated with an improved locomotor pattern. However, these improvements in locomotor pattern were not reflected clearly by changes in the H-reflex modulations. Thus the relationship between H-reflex amplitude, EMG activity, and ankle position under 0% and 40% BWS, needs to be further investigated.
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Bell, Alison. "An ergonomic analysis of vacuum cleaning tasks using observational risk assessment tools." School of Health Sciences - Faculty of Health & Behavioural Sciences, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/126.
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This research thesis examined the risk of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders for cleaning workers while performing vacuum cleaning tasks in the normal course of their employment. The cleaning workers in this study were from three sectors of the workforce – government schools, hospitality and commercial office space. The vacuum cleaning tasks were divided into those performed with a back pack style vacuum cleaning machine and those using a canister/barrel machine. Three observational risk assessment tools were selected to measure the risk of these tasks to cleaning workers. The selected tools were the Manual Tasks Risk Assessment Tool (ManTRA) version 2.0; the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) (Li & Buckle, 1998); and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment tool (RULA) (McAtamney & Corlett, 1993). Results of this thesis study demonstrated that vacuum cleaning is a risk to the musculoskeletal health of cleaning workers, with some variation between the tool ratings, reflecting the specificity and/or sensitivity of each tool. Differences were found between the three cleaning sectors in terms of overall risk posed by vacuum cleaning tasks. The sector with the greatest risk was found to be the government school cleaners, followed by the hospitality and then commercial office space cleaning sectors. The ‘risk experience’ difference between the sectors cannot be attributed only to vacuum cleaner characteristics, but also, the environment and length of shift worked by the cleaning staff. Further research is required to determine the difference in risk exposure between the two types of vacuum cleaner (back pack and canister).
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Nelson, David. "Ergonomics interventions as investments in occupational health and safety : A selected series of case studies within the Australian postal corporation." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/33522.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines and reports upon the application of ergonomics interventions to OHS-based industrial problems. The study focuses on the values of these interventions as investment opportunieties for management. A wide review of the scientific and commercial literature, personal information, observation techniques, and a selected series of seven case studies and eleven separate data-sets within the Australian Postal Corporation have been undertaken.<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Olsson, Johannah. "From safety code to safety in operations : A qualitative study of safety management within five companies operating in the Swedish shipping industry." Thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284671.
Full textAbstract:
The maritime industry is vital to the Swedish trade and economy. Shipping has less environmental impact per ton transported goods than other transport modes. Furthermore, ships use the sea as their roads, thus not requiring additional impact on the environment in the form of building roads or tracks to be able to transport goods or people. The aim of this thesis is to identify the characteristics of the safety management approach and safety management systems (SMS) in five Swedish companies operating in the Swedish shipping industry. It furthermore explores whether a new approach to safety management such as Safety II and resilience engineering can offer a complementary view to the current safety management. The study design of this thesis has been a multiple case study. A literature review has been performed to gain insights into the domain and safety management in the domain in specific. Data has been gathered through semi-structured interviews with 10 respondents working within shipping or crew management companies. Five of the respondents work ashore with safety management and five of the respondents work onboard as Chief Officers or Chief Engineer. Chief Officers as well as Chief Engineers have responsibilities regarding safety for their respective department and thus have management positions within the operations. The results show that the participating companies’ safety management and SMSs are of the reactive kind. There is furthermore a gap between work as imagined, WAI, and work as done, WAD, that affects the suitability of the routines, procedures and equipment used in operations. Complexity of a system is also a contributing factor when it comes to safety management, and in the participating companies, aspects regarding complexity were identified at a regulatory, organisational and operational level. This affects the possibility to create routines and procedures that correspond to the demands, variations and situations encountered in operations. It is suggested in this thesis that a Safety II approach to safety management, along with the use of resilience engineering to develop and enhance the domain’s adaptability, can serve as a complement to the current safety management approach. Being able to adapt, respond and manage various unforeseen situations is a way of ensuring safety in operations even in complex socio-technical systems. The resilience assessment grid, RAG, is suggested as a tool to be developed to be usable in the participating companies. The RAG could serve as a tool to taper the gap between WAI and WAD, as well as to provide input to the development of indicators other than accidents for improving safety. Furthermore, it could also facilitate learning from everyday operations and what is going well – the everyday successes in everyday execution of tasks involved in operations.
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McNamara, Nathan Patrick. "Using Decision Trees to Predict Intent to Use Passive Occupational Exoskeletons in Manufacturing Tasks." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1605720844135027.
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Teague, Christine. "Reducing risk and injury to transit officers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/513.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines whether an understanding of the communication and safety culture of transit officers, who form part of a security section of a large state Rail Transport Organisation (RTO), can lead to strategies to reduce their risk of injury. The core functions of the transit officer position are passenger safety and customer service. This puts the officers in the front line of defence against the antisocial behaviour from some patrons that occurs regularly on the railway system. Like urban railways the world over, this anti-social behaviour can range from bad language to severe violence. Whilst these officers are not police, they do have many similar powers to police, such as the ‘power of arrest’ to deal with certain offences committed on railway property. A key difference, however, is that transit officers tend to deal with issues as they arise, whereas the police are more likely to respond to an event after its occurrence. Additionally, unlike many policing organisations, transit officers are not equipped with a taser or firearm, but rely on their communication skills and physical training to defuse a potentially threatening situation, and a baton and pepper spray for self-defence. Over the years an unacceptable number of injuries have been sustained by the RTO transit officers in dealing with anti-social behaviour. Whilst the organisation requires that statistics for incidents and injuries remain confidential, it is nonetheless known that the incident rate is above that of workers in other traditionally hazardous industries, such as construction. Further, surveys conducted on behalf of the RTO also indicate that passengers feel less safe at night due to the anti-social behaviour evident on the rail system. This raises issues about the safety culture. The term ‘safety culture’ became important in safety science as a result of accident enquiries, analysis of safety failures and organisational disasters which attributed fault to the organisation’s internal attitudes to safety. Many of these organisations had comprehensive safety systems in place; however these investigations identified the importance of human factors in the equation. Safety systems did not mean that the organisation had a culture of safety. To study the culture of a group it is necessary to understand their basic assumptions, espoused values and the artefacts that the group holds as important. These play a significant part in determining people’s behaviour, their adherence to safety procedures and communication in the workplace. In terms of the safety culture on the RTO trains, transit officers have commonly said that anyone wanting to understand the provocation and violence that they deal with in their work environment would need to work alongside them. This research responds to that challenge to understand the cultural and communication dynamics that exist within the transit officer cadre and in exchanges between passenger and transit officers. An ethnographic protocol was chosen, which in this instance involved the researcher participating directly in the workplace and building close relationships with the transit officers. Recognising the significance of obtaining ‘insider status’ the researcher commenced the fieldwork by joining a new intake of transit officers embarking upon the twelve-week training program. Importantly, taking this path enabled the researcher to obtain credibility amongst the transit officers through their shared experiences. Following graduation from training, the researcher spent a further month in the closed circuit television monitoring room obtaining an overview of the many activities involving transit officers that occur during the night throughout the metropolitan rail system. From this communication heart, the Shift Commander can communicate directly by radio with all transit officers; and the video operators can monitor activities from cameras which are situated on all railway infrastructure. The researcher spent the following four months immersed in the transit officers’ world. This included working alongside the officers during the evening and night, being rostered on their shifts and engaging with the variety of their duties on trains, stations and delta vehicle patrols. The information gleaned during this time became the basis of the formal interviews which took place at the end of that period. The researcher later met with ‘best-practice’ transit policing organisations to determine what strategies these organisations had in place to reduce rail officer injury rates. The collaborating organisations included transit policing agencies in the United States, Canada, Britain and interstate Australia. Information obtained during the RTO field work was evaluated against safety practices and the safety culture in these high performing organisations. Recommendations to reduce the risk of injury for transit officers and improve communication practices within the transit officer cadre were subsequently submitted to the industry partner for consideration. A safer workplace for transit officers would reduce transit officers’ personal suffering, leaving more transit officers at work, reducing workers’ compensation costs, and providing a safer environment for passengers.
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Lütke, Kleimann Mechthild. "Occupational Pension Schemes and their Relevance for the Employment Relationship in Germany. A Case Study Approach in the German Financial Services Sector." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17180.
Full textAbstract:
Due to employees’ reduced entitlements to the German statutory state pension on
the one hand, and the challenge to employers of a skilled worker shortage on the
other, employers’ contributions towards occupational pension schemes (OPS)
might be an effective human-resources management tool. Thus, the overarching
research question is: What is the relevance of OPS for the employment
relationship in Germany? Five sub-research questions address the role of OPS in
recruitment and retention management, organisational commitment, the potential
differences between women and men and between young and old employees and
the employees’ psychological contract. The empirical study is a single case study
in the financial-services sector.
Key findings: OPS are of more relevance for retaining employees than for
recruiting them. Their role differs significantly between employees with different
generations of the OPS and, therefore, different pension entitlements. Only minor
differences can be found between women and men and between younger and
older employees. Satisfaction with the occupational pension scheme has no
significant impact on organisational commitment. The majority of employees
perceived psychological contract fulfilment with respect to the OPS.
The contribution to theory is the closure of five research gaps. As far as is
known, this is the first study in Germany that analyses the role of OPS in a
specified context and from multifaceted viewpoints (recruitment/retention,
quantitative/qualitative, men/women, age groups).
The contribution to practice comprises the provision of a transferable analysis
blueprint of the role of OPS in the employment relationship and the provision of
recommendations that relate, among others, to communication and information
aspects, cost-benefit calculations and the usage of additional employer
contributions as a possible selective reward element.
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Lutz, Eric Anthony. "Human and Animal Exposure to Airborne Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Laboratory Evaluations and Veterinary Hospital Pilot Study." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276101615.
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Alves, Beatriz Maria Jesus. "Políticas e práticas de recursos humanos na autarquia de Évora." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/24494.
Full textAbstract:
No âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão – Especialização em Recursos Humanos foi realizado
um estágio na Câmara Municipal de Évora, no período de 11 de dezembro de 2017 a 11 de junho
de 2018.
O estágio teve como principais actividades o acompanhamento de procedimentos
concursais e a medicina laboral e saúde ocupacional, sendo o objetivo deste relatório apresentar
as actividades realizadas ao longo do estágio bem como descrever e analisar as políticas de
recrutamento e seleção usadas na autarquia e as práticas realizadas no âmbito da medicina
laboral e saúde ocupacional.
Estas duas grandes áreas em estudo revelaram ser muito importantes na instituição, uma
vez que o recrutamento e seleção é o meio pelo qual os trabalhadores acedem à autarquia; e a
medicina laboral permite que os trabalhadores tenham todo o acompanhamento e apoio
necessário a nível de clínica geral, psicologia, enfermagem, sendo ainda desenvolvidas
actividades com o intuito de informar e prevenir problemas sociais e doenças profissionais; Abstract:
Policies and Practices of Human Resources in the Municipality of Évora.
In the scope of the Master in Management – Human Resources Specialization, an internship
was held at Évora Municipality, from December 11, 2017 to june 11, 2018.
The main activities of the internship were the follow-up of contest proceedings and
occupational health, being the aim of this report present the activities carried out throughout
the internship as well as to describe and analyze the recruitment and selection policies used in
the municipality and the practices carried out in the field of occupational health.
These two large areas under study have proved to be very important in the entity since
recruitment and selection is the intermediate mean by which workers access the local authority;
and occupational health allows workers to have all the necessary support in general practice,
psychology, and nursing, in addition to developing activities to inform and prevent social
problems, occupational diseases, among others.
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Nord, Nilsson Lena. "Occupational Health Services Professionals; skills, needs and experiences shared in a learning network : Co-operative inquiry performed in the manufacturing sector." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234294.
Full textAbstract:
Work environment conditions can influence individuals, organisations as well as society, and economic consequences can be extensive. The employer is responsible for the work environment,but must engage Occupational Health Services (OHS) or similar if the own competenceis not sufficient. Consequently, the professional skills of OHS providers is an important topic, as the services delivered are aimed at contributing to a good work environment. However, research in this area was scant and there was a call for illumination of what professional skills are needed within OHS. There was also a need to find arenas for knowledge development and sharing within and between occupational safety and health (OS&H) professionals and researchers. One aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding about professional skills when it comes to OS&H engineers and ergonomists working within the manufacturing sector. A second aim was to gain experiences of using co-operative inquiry in a learning network for OS&H professionals in order to develop professional skills. The thesis is based on three papers, all with a qualitative research approach. The co-operative inquiry method was used to run a learning network for the research. This network consisted of ten OS&H professionals (engineers and ergonomists) employed at in-house as well as external providers of OHS for manufacturing companies, and two researchers. Everyone in the network acted as co-researchers in accordance with the intention of co-operative inquiry. The dialogues at the meetings were analysed with thematic analysis, using six socio-technical elements as themes. The results showed that the OS&H engineers and ergonomists in the network wanted to work more preventively in the future. To achieve this, they expressed needs for both theoretically based arguments and communication skills to convince clients about the benefits with this approach. Research based knowledge, practical experience and good examples were shared and reflected on with the purpose of integrating the new knowledge into daily practice. The dialogues at the meetings dealt mainly with topics at an organisation level rather than details and individual level. The dialogues focused on e.g. co-operation in teams within the OHS firms and with different stakeholders at the client companies, integration of OS&H management into existing processes, participation from early stages in design and change processes, the use of risk assessment tools and, finally, communication skills. The co-operative inquiry method was suitable, as the network functioned as an arena for reflective learning.<br>Arbetsmiljöförhållanden kan påverka individer, organisationer såväl som samhälle och de ekonomiska konsekvenserna kan bli omfattande. Arbetsgivaren är ansvarig för arbetsmiljön men ska anlita företagshälsovård (FHV) eller motsvarande om den egna kompetensen inte är tillräcklig. Därför är yrkeskompetens förprofessionerna inom FHV ett viktigt ämne eftersom de tjänster som levereras syftar till att bidra till en bra arbetsmiljö. Det fanns dock inte mycket forskning inom detta områdeoch det fanns ett behov av att belysa vilken yrkeskompetens som behövs inomFHV. Det fanns också behov av att hitta arenor för kunskapsutveckling och kunskapsspridning inom och mellan professioner som arbetar med FHV samt forskare. Ett syfte med denna avhandling var att få en djupare kunskap och förståelse om yrkeskompetens gällande arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer som arbetar med FHV inom tillverkningssektorn. Ett annat syfte var att få erfarenheter av att använda metoden co-operative inquiry i ett lärande nätverk för FHV-professioner för att utveckla yrkeskompetens. Avhandlingen är baserad på två konferensbidrag och en artikel, alla med kvalitativ inriktning. I forskningen användes metoden co-operative inquiry för att driva ett lärande nätverk. Detta nätverk bestod av sammanlagt tio arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer anställda inom intern och extern FHV för tillverkningsföretag samt två forskare. Alla i nätverket agerade som medforskare i enlighet med metoden co-operative inquiry. Dialogerna på nätverksmötena analyserades med hjälp av tematisk analys där sex socio-tekniska element användes som teman. Resultaten visade att nätverkets arbetsmiljöingenjörer och ergonomer ville arbeta mer förebyggande i framtiden. För att uppnå detta uttryckte de behov av både teoretiskt baserade argument och kommunikationsförmåga för att övertyga kunderna om fördelarna med detta förhållningssätt. Forskningsbaserad kunskap, praktiska erfarenheter och goda exempel delades och reflekterades över med syfte att integrera den nya kunskapen i dagligt arbete. Innehållet i dialogerna på mötena gällde främst ämnenpå organisationsnivå snarare än detaljer och på individuell nivå. Dialogerna rörde t.ex. samarbete i team inom FHV-företagen och med olika intressenter hos kundföretag, integration av hantering av arbetsmiljöfrågor i befintliga processer, deltagande från tidiga stadier i design- och förändringsprocesser, användning av riskbedömningsverktyg och slutligen kommunikationsförmåga. Metoden co-operative inquiry var ändamålsenlig i det här fallet eftersom nätverket fungerade som en arena för reflektivtlärande.<br><p>QC 20180907</p><br>WIKIOSH
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Frear, Susan W. "A Construct Validity Analysis of the Work Perceptions Profile Data." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc799499/.
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As work environments become more complex and demanding, organizations are becoming more interested in measuring the impact of their human resource development programs and initiatives. With this increased attention on data and measurement, human resource professionals have been encouraged to utilize data collection and data analysis techniques to make more objective and rationale human capital decisions and to verify business impact. As a result, the human resource profession has seen a significant increase in the use of surveys to measure anything from training effectiveness to the efficacy of recruitment procedures. The increase in the use of survey instruments requires that more focused attention is placed on the reliability and validity of data from any instrument used to make important human resource and business decisions. One instrument that is currently being used to measure career plateaus and job fit is the Work Perceptions Profile. The purpose of this research study was to conduct a construct validity analysis of the Work Perceptions Profile data and to determine the factor structure of data from its items. The data in this analysis supported a two-factor model structure with the first factor measuring Work Characteristics and a second factor measuring Performance. The results of this analysis will be helpful in exploring further how employees perceive their work place, their careers and their relationships with others within the organization.
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Costa, Bruna de Vasconcellos Lameiro da. "Relação, vínculo e troca nos contratos psicológicos de docentes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-30072010-102137/.
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No cenário atual dos negócios, todo trabalhador é pressionado a ser flexível para conjugar relacionamentos diferenciados, seja com distintos empregadores, supervisores, ou colegas. O sonho de estabilidade profissional em uma única empresa cede lugar às inquietudes dos novos modelos de trabalho autônomo. Os vínculos são diferenciados, as regras são ambíguas. Os indivíduos são pressionados a cuidar de si mesmos e de sua obra. Tais condições impõem novos desafios para a gestão de pessoas, como se observa no desenvolvimento do compromisso e na gestão das identidades. Nesse cenário surge o conceito de contrato psicológico como elemento estratégico da estabilidade individual em ambientes turbulentos e instáveis. O presente projeto é dedicado ao estudo dos contratos psicológicos como ferramenta de desenvolvimento pessoal e de gestão. Embora estudado, há mais de duas décadas, o conceito contrato psicológico continua ambíguo, carecendo de limites epistemológicos, ao mesmo tempo que reconhecido como elemento presente nas relações entre empregados, empregadores e empresas. A pesquisa aqui descrita é uma investigação que teve por alvo a compreensão dos contratos psicológicos ao estudar profissionais de uma instituição educacional que atuam como autônomos, ou passaram da condição de autônomo para a condição de empregados e de seus empregadores. A meta principal deste estudo foi produzir dados empíricos para comprovar a existência de vínculos que podem ser reconhecidos como contratos, identificar os conteúdos das trocas existentes nos mesmos e apreender situações de quebra e desrespeito a tais vínculos. Foram estudados 10 (dez) sujeitos através de entrevistas para que se pudesse captar os elementos de troca, a finalidade destas e os problemas implicados no vínculo e em sua possível ruptura. Os resultados evidenciaram o reconhecimento de vínculos estáveis que atuam sobre os diversos sistemas subjetivos individuais e a relação destes com os próprios sistemas. Os contratos psicológicos parecem existir e têm funções diversas. Afirmações sobre os mesmos requerem estudos mais aprofundados e mais amplos<br>Within the present day business scenario, workers are required to be flexible in order to cope with an increasing variety of relationships with different employers, supervisors, or colleagues. The dream of professional stability in one only enterprise yields to the dynamics of contractors work. In the latter, bonds are differentiated and the rules ambiguous. Individuals are required to care themselves, their and outcomes. These conditions impose new challenges to the management of people, as this can be easily seen in the field of commitment and in the management of identities. Within that context the concept of psychological contracts comes up as strategic as well as useful tool for individual stability under turbulent and unstable conditions. This research project aims at studying psychological contracts as tools for personal and managerial development. Notwithstanding more than two decades of research and scrutiny, the concept of psychological contracts goes on ambiguous, lacking epistemological boundaries, at the same time which its existence is recognized in the social interactions among employees, employers and enterprises. This research carries out an investigation the target of which was the understanding of psychological contracts as observed in the employees of an educational institution. They were either contractors or professionals who migrated from the condition of contractor to the one of employee. The main target of this study was the production of empirical data through which the bonds between professionals and the enterprise could be exposed to be scrutinized as contracts, to be scanned in the tradeoffs produced along the interaction and to be analyzed in the consequences of their breaking and deviances. Ten professionals were studied through interviews. The latter was chosen on the grounds of its capacity to expose the trade off and its elements, the end which guided them, the problems implied in the bonds among the professionals and the effects of ruptures of those bonds. The results gave evidence about the contract sort of bonds and their stability. The contract emerges as a moderator of the several subjective systems in the search for stability of the social context. The study allowed the conclusion that the contracts are real bonds and have several functions, but any assertion about them requires more studies both deeper and wider ones
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Góes, Maurício de Carvalho. "Direito do trabalho nanotecnológico: da prevenção e da precaução à proposição de respostas protetivas (adequadas) ao trabalho humano num meio ambiente de trabalho afetado pelos riscos desconhecidos e futuros." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4437.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-28<br>Nenhuma<br>A presente Tese de Doutorado traz uma abordagem acerca das nanotecnologias e seus desdobramentos no mundo do trabalho, sobretudo quanto à preocupação de proteção da saúde e da segurança do trabalhador, como forma de preservação da sua dignidade. Essa preocupação não só se mantém quando se trata de trabalho nanotecnológico, como também se acentua e ganha novos contornos, pois ao se falar em anotecnologias, está se falando em um cenário de incertezas e inseguranças. As pesquisas e estudos sobre essas novas tecnologias ainda não possuem definições concretas quanto aos riscos e efeitos das nanotecnologias para o homem e para o meio ambiente, mas dadas a características das nanopartículas, se tem a certeza de que efeitos nocivos serão produzidos. Esse quadro provoca o surgimento de riscos desconhecidos e futuros. Diante deste novo panorama, o Direito do Trabalho deve prestar respostas às demandas nanotecnológicas decorrentes do fato (jurídico) laboral nanotecnológico, até mesmo porque, existindo efeitos nocivos, logicamente, os trabalhadores serão seus primeiros destinatários, em razão da fabricação, manipulação e exposição de nanotecnologias, em decorrência de nanopartículas, nanomateriais e nanotubos. Não restam dúvidas que o Direito do Trabalho, seguindo a linha de que a eliminação e diminuição de riscos laborais é direito fundamental social do trabalhador, possui um vigente sistema normativo de prevenção. Todavia, em se tratando de nanotecnologias, o que existe em termos de normas não é suficiente para promover a efetiva proteção do trabalhador nanotecnológico. Em vista disso e almejando aproveitamento para as nanotecnologias, fixa-se a ideia de utilização do conjunto interpretativo círculo hermenêutico= princípio de solidariedade=consciência coletiva. Com efeito, o princípio da precaução surge como ponto de partida para se criar marcos regulatórios que atendam esse novo fato jurídico. Neste sentido, a Tese apresenta a proposta hermenêutica do “diálogo entre as fontes” de Direito do Trabalho como forma de permitir que se encontrem respostas (“vozes”) a partir de um “diálogo” coordenado pelo intérprete que será estabelecido entre fontes tradicionais e não tradicionais do Direito. Neste contexto a proposta hermenêutica ofertada se aproximará muito mais de um modelo de regulação não tradicional do que de uma regulação tradicional ou legal. Seguindo essa linha, a Tese buscará apresentar propostas de marcos regulatórios que possam ser aplicáveis à relação nanotecnologias x trabalho humano, lançando mão de orientações, recomendações e normas técnicas de determinados órgãos internacionais, os quais têm se dedicado a um tratamento específico acerca dos efeitos do trabalho nanotecnológico, bem como apresenta um Projeto de Lei de alteração da Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho, representando a expressão de uma nova hermenêutica do Direito ou de um novo Direito. Não obstante as alternativas que se apresentam, todos os argumentos desta Tese restam estruturados na ideia de um objetivo ético universal: o cuidado humano – a preocupação com o irredutível humano -, e o cuidado constitucional – a preocupação com a dignidade do trabalhador que, no caso, somente se materializará com a preservação da sua saúde e da sua segurança em todo o contexto do trabalho nanotecnológico.<br>This doctoral thesis presents an approach toward nanotechnology and its effects on the realm of labor, especially in terms of occupational health and safety, as a means of preserving the dignity of workers. This concern not only applies to nanotechnological work, but is also intensified and takes on new dimensions, since addressing the issue of nanotechnologies takes place against a backdrop of uncertainties and insecurities. The research and studies on these new technologies have not yet provided concrete definitions regarding the risks and effects of nanotechnologies on man and the environment, but given the characteristics of nanoparticles, it is certain that harmful effects will occur. This scenario gives rise to unknown and future risks. In light of this new panorama, Labor Law must respond to nanotechnological demands that arise from the (legal) nanotechnological labor reality, all the more since, given the existence of harmful effects, workers will naturally be the first to suffer the impact, due to manufacturing, handling and exposure to nanotechnologies, in terms of nanoparticles, nanomaterials and nanotubes. There is no doubt that Labor Law, in accordance with the concept that the elimination and reduction of occupational hazards is a fundamental social right of workers, has a set of rules in force for prevention. However, in the case of nanotechnologies, what exists in terms of standards is insufficient to ensure the effective protection of nanotechnology workers. In view of this and in order to use nanotechnologies, there is an idea established to use the following interpretive equation: hermeneutic circle = principle of solidarity = collective consciousness. In effect, the principle of precaution is a starting point for creating regulatory frameworks that will meet this new legal reality. In this regard, the thesis presents a hermeneutical proposal for "dialogue between the sources" of Labor Law, so that answers ("voices") can be found, based on a "dialogue" coordinated by the interpreter that would be established between traditional and non-traditional sources of Law. In this context, the hermeneutic proposal offered here will be much closer to a nontraditional regulatory model than a traditional or legal regulatory model. Along these lines, the thesis will seek to present proposals for regulatory frameworks that could be applicable to the nanotechnologies x human labor relationship, using guidelines recommendations and technical standards from certain international organizations, which have dedicated themselves to specifically addressing the effects of nanotechnological work. IT also presents a Bill to amend the CLT ("Consolidation of Labor Laws"), which would serve to express a new hermeneutics of law or a new law. Regardless of the alternatives that are presented, all the arguments of this thesis are structured around the idea of a universal ethical objective: human care – concern at the essential human level, as well as constitutional care – concern for the dignity of workers, which will only materialize through the preservation of their health and safety within the entire context of nanotechnological work.
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Osmun, William R. "Hiring the “Other”—A Biographical Narrative Inquiry of Progressive Human Resource Professionals." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1558953727028898.
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Petersons, Paula. "Säkerhetskulturens påverkan på olycksfallsfrekvens : En undersökning av säkerhetskulturen inom ett företag i livsmedelsbranschen samt förslag på förbättringsaktiviteter." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-221703.
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Bakgrund: Livsmedelsindustrin i Sverige omfattar flera olika delbranscher ochhar en stor geografisk spridning samt stor variation på företagens storlek. Totaltsysselsätts idag ca 56.000 personer. Generellt sett är olycksfallsfrekvensen höginom branschen jämfört med andra branscher. Godkända arbetsolycksfall harenligt AFA Försäkring en ökande frekvens för livsmedelsindustrin medan allabranscher totalt sett har en minskande frekvens. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att få en förståelse för begreppen säkerhetsklimat ochsäkerhetskultur, granska hur anställdas delaktighet påverkar säkerhetskultur ocharbetsmiljöarbete, beskriva metoder för att förbättra säkerhetskulturen i enorganisation samt studera om det finns skillnader i hur säkerhetskulturen i enliten fabrik är jämfört med en större fabrik i ett företag. Metod/Genomförande: Litteraturstudie har genomförts samt granskning avföretagets statistik, andra kartläggningar och organisation avseendearbetsmiljö/säkerhet. En kartlä ggning av statusen på säkerhetskulturen på två avföretagets fabriker gjordes med hjälp av Arbetsmiljöverkets webb-enkät ipappersformat. Resultat: Svaren på enkäten visar på skillnader mellan hur den lilla fabriken ochden stora fabriken ser på säkerhetskultur. Den lilla fabriken har över lag färresvaga områden. Totalt sätt visade resultatet på att det behövs förbättringar inomområdena ”Ledningens säkerhetsengagemang och säkerhetsförmåga”,”Ledningens involvering av medarbetarna i säkerhetsfrågor”, ”Ledningensrättvisa i säkerhetsfrågor”, ”Medarbetarnas prioritering av säkerhet och grad avriskacceptans” och ”Medarbetarnas upplärning och kommunikation”.Granskning av företagets tillbuds- och olycksfallsrapportering samt årliguppföljning av det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet visar på brister isäkerhetskulturen. Slutsats: Litteraturstudier visar på att begreppen säkerhetskultur och säkerhetsklimat saknar entydig definition och är komplexa att förstå. Delaktighethar ett tydligt samband med säkerhetskultur, olycksfallsfrekvens ocharbetsmiljöarbete generellt. Ledningens engagemang och prioritering avarbetsmiljö-/säkerhetsfrågor är av stor vikt för att förbättra säkerhetskulturenliksom att kulturen i företaget är rättvis och lärande. Min bedömning är attArbetsmiljöverkets webb-enkät för att ta tempen på säkerhetskulturen har sinabegränsningar men kan anses som ett bra verktyg på grund av enkelheten och attdet ger förslag på metodik för att arbeta med svaga områden. Nyckelord: Säkerhetsklimat, Arbetsskador, Arbetsolycksfall,Livsmedelsbranschen, Delaktighet, Enkät.<br>Background: The food industry in Sweden encompasses several different sectors, wide geographical spread and large variations in the company size. Today, approximately 56,000 people are employed. In general, the accident rate is high in the industry compared to other industries. Approved occupational accidents, according to AFA Insurance, have an increasing frequency for the food industry, while all industries have a total decreasing frequency. Objective: the purpose of the study is to gain an understanding of the concepts of safety culture, to examine how worker participation affects safety culture and occupational health & safety, to describe methods for improving the safety culture of an organization, and to study whether there is a difference in the safety culture of a small factory compared with a larger factory in a company. Method/Implementation: Literature study has been conducted as well as a review of company statistics and other surveys and the company’s Health & Safety organization. A survey of the safety culture status at two of the company's factories was made using the Swedish Work Environment Authority's web survey in paper format. Result: The answers to the survey show differences between how the small factory and the large factory are looking at safety culture. The small factory generally has fewer weak areas. Overall, the result showed that improvements were needed in the areas of "Management's safety arrangements and safety ability", "Management's involvement of employees in safety issues", "Management's justice in safety issues," "Employee priority of safety and degree of risk acceptance" and "Employee learning and communication". Review of occupational reports of near misses and accidents as well as annual audit of the systematic work with Health & Safety reveals shortcomings related to safety culture. Conclusion: The concepts safety culture and safety climate lack a clear definition and are complex to understand according to literature studies. Worker participation has a clear connection with safety culture, accident rate and Occupational Health & Safety in general. Management's commitment and prioritization of Occupational Health & Safety issues are crucial for improving safety culture, as well as the culture of the company being fair and promoting organizational learning. The Work Environment Authority's web survey for measuring safety culture has its limitations, yet I consider it as a good tool because of its simplicity and that it proposes methodologies for working with weak areas. Keywords: Safety climate, Occupational accidents, Food industry, Participation, Survey.
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Damásio, Gisela Sabina Moura. "Contributos da gestão de recursos humanos para a dessegregação sexual das profissões : o caso da Auchan Portugal Hipermercados." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14172.
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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos<br>Este relatório é fruto da compilação das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo de um estágio curricular na Auchan Portugal Hipermercados, bem como da apresentação dos resultados de uma pesquisa de campo realizada no âmbito da segregação profissional em função do género em duas lojas Jumbo, nos respetivos mercados de talho e peixaria. Neste âmbito, foi possível apurar que a empresa tem ativamente procurado promover a participação de mulheres em funções tipicamente masculinas e favorecer a integração de homens em setores predominantemente femininos. Considerando que algumas barreiras a esta finalidade são externas à empresa e refletem a interiorização de representações sociais marcadas pelo género, por via da socialização, foi, ainda assim, possível propor algumas medidas que podem reforçar a promoção da igualdade entre mulheres e homens na empresa.<br>This report is the result of the compilation of the activities developed during an internship at Auchan Portugal Hipermercados, as well as the presentation of the results of a field survey carried out about occupational segregation in two Jumbo stores, specifically in the butchery and fish markets. In this context, it was possible to verify that the company has actively sought to promote the participation of women in typically male roles and to favor the integration of men in predominantly female sectors. Considering that some barriers to this purpose are external to the company and reflect the internalization of social representations marked by gender, through socialization, it was nonetheless possible to propose some measures that can reinforce the promotion of equality between women and men in the company.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Moura, Glaud?nia Alves de. "Impacto do trabalho em profissionais de Sa?de Mental de servi?os de sa?de do munic?pio de Mossor?-RN, 2012." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17811.
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Previous issue date: 2012-12-19<br>The Psychiatric Reform has brought profound changes in assistance to people affected by mental disorders and behavior. In this context, mental health workers have played decisive roles of great impact, acting driving the process. Objective: To evaluate the impact felt by working professionals, because of the daily work with people who have psychiatric disorders. Methodology: This is a search field, a quantitative approach, sectional, descriptive and applied. Data collection occurred through the Assessment Scale Impact of Working in Mental Health Services (IMPACT-BR) applied to mental health researchers city Mossor? - RN. Results: Participants in this study 87 professionals, mostly female married, which took charge of higher education, working on a single service, working in the area for more than six years, aged between 25 and 64 years. There were a low effect of overloading the professionals surveyed. Discussion: Our results corroborate findings in other surveys conducted previously, not identifying large impact load at work among professionals of mental health teams studied. Subscales studied the highest score was observed in measuring the impact of work on team functioning. It was observed that the greater age and duration of action, reduced the emotional impact at work, suggesting that the experience enhances safety in decisions made and the possibility of greater control over the demands of work. Final Thoughts: The work presented showed that the interactive relationships between professionals and users are not the causes of greatest impact in the workplace, although it revealed overload in relation to specific aspects such as: fear of being assaulted by a patient and the feeling of physical exhaustion the end of the workday. Further investigations should be conducted on this topic in order to contribute to the implementation of psychiatric reform proposed by advances both in terms of assistance to individuals and the quality of life in the work of the professionals involved<br>A Reforma Psiqui?trica trouxe profundas modifica??es na assist?ncia ?s pessoas acometidas por transtornos mentais e de comportamento. Nesse contexto, os trabalhadores de sa?de mental desempenharam pap?is decisivos de grande repercuss?o, atuando de forma impulsionadora do processo. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto laboral sentido pelos profissionais de sa?de, em virtude do trabalho di?rio com pessoas que apresentam dist?rbios psiqui?tricos. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, numa abordagem quantitativa, seccional, descritiva e aplicada. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da Escala de Avalia??o do Impacto do Trabalho em Servi?os de Sa?de Mental (IMPACTO-BR), aplicada aos profissionais de Sa?de Mental da cidade de Mossor? - RN. Resultados: Participaram desse estudo 87 profissionais, em sua maioria do sexo feminino casados, que assumiam cargo de n?vel superior, trabalhando em um ?nico servi?o, atuando na ?rea h? mais de seis anos, com idade entre 25 e 64 anos. Foi observado um baixo efeito de sobrecarga nos profissionais pesquisados. Discuss?o: Os resultados encontrados corroboram com resultados encontrados em outras pesquisas realizadas anteriormente, n?o identificando grande carga de impacto no trabalho entre os profissionais das equipes de sa?de mental estudadas. Das subescalas estudadas a maior pontua??o foi observada na que mede o impacto do trabalho no funcionamento da equipe. Observou-se que quanto maiores a idade e o tempo de atua??o, menor o impacto emocional no trabalho, o que sugere que a experi?ncia aumenta a seguran?a nas decis?es tomadas e a possibilidade de um maior controle sobre as demandas de trabalho. Considera??es finais: O trabalho apresentado demonstrou que as rela??es interativas entre os profissionais e os usu?rios n?o s?o as causas de maior impacto no trabalho, embora tenha revelado sobrecarga em rela??o a aspectos pontuais como: receio de ser agredido por um paciente e a sensa??o de cansa?o f?sico ao fim do expediente. Novas investiga??es nessa tem?tica devem ser realizadas a fim de colaborar para a efetiva??o dos avan?os propostos pela Reforma Psiqui?trica tanto no que se refere ? assist?ncia aos sujeitos quanto na qualidade de vida no trabalho dos profissionais envolvidos
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Lundqvist, Elin, Jiewen Cheng, and Elshani Kreshnik Fatos. "Occupational Burnout - An Organizational Challenge & Managerial Responsibility : A qualitative study on leadership and managerial factors’ impact on burnout. Case study conducted on four compulsory schools in Sweden." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44312.
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Abstract Background Occupational Burnout is one of the greatest challenges affecting the labour markets today. It is mainly caused by prolonged stress exposure due to the psychosocial work environment and is nowadays the fastest growing cause of long-term sick leave in Sweden. It therefor affects both the society, organisation and individual. It is thus a managerial concern to manage and structure the organisations in a sustainable way that maximises the use of human resources, rather than burning them out. Purpose The aim of the thesis is to investigate the high level of sick-leave or burnout due to organisational and managerial factors in the Swedish educational sector, by focusing on the role leadership, organisational and psychosocial work environment plays in preventing/causing employees’ burnout. The authors attempt to contribute knowledge on why theory may not match reality in this case, as statistics of sickleave due to stressrelated illness remains high. Methods In this qualitative study principals, administrators, and teachers of four public compulsory schools in Jönköping and Öckerö are interviewed. Using semi-structured interviews, data is gathered, coded and analysed in relation to modern research literature on the topic of burnout as well as Swedish Work Environment Authority guidelines, to spot key elements of positive and negative factors which have affected the stress situations of the schools’ employees. Several factors from organizational and leadership perspective are examined to assist organizations to avoid or prevent burnout. Results Prevalence of high burnout rates in schools in the cases studied, was associated with recent large reorganization of employees and administration; weak and inefficient leadership which did not strive to build relationships and open communication with teachers; low integration between sectors and working groups; lack of support and monitoring of stressed employees; low ability of employees to contribute to their workplace environments; the shortage of budgets issued by municipality. Conclusions 1.The reason sick leave related to stress and burnout is high in the cases studied, is that implementation of research and policy guidelines is lacking behind in schools which suffer from employee stress related issues. As well as the current management model of the public sector may not benefit to prevent employee burnout. 2. It is possible to avoid employee burnout through adjusting the management and organizational structure, as adaptations toward dealing with employees’ stress are showing a positive sign on preventing the development of burnout.
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Duponnois, Romain. "Contribution à l’identification de situations dangereuses et à leurs détections par l’analyse des dérives de l’équipement de production. Application à une ligne d'assemblage automatisée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0028.
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Dans une situation de travail sur une machine d'assemblage automatisée, des dérives techniques en cours de fonctionnement peuvent conduire à des dysfonctionnements de la machine. Ces dysfonctionnements peuvent amener l'opérateur supervisant la machine à s'adapter et à réagir pour réduire l'effet de ces dérives techniques sur le reste de la situation de travail. Pour répondre à ces dysfonctionnements, l'opérateur peut se placer dans une situation dangereuse. Dans ce contexte, la contribution de ce manuscrit s’inscrit donc dans la prévention des accidents du travail sur machine. La contribution majeure de cette thèse est méthodologique. L'objectif de la méthode proposée, nommée Working Situation Health Monitoring (WSHM), est de définir un indicateur d’état de santé de la situation de travail permettant la surveillance de l’apparition de ces situations potentiellement dangereuses, à partir de données générées par les machines. Pour définir cet indicateur, nous proposons d'identifier ces situations potentiellement dangereuses en analysant les dérives potentielles de la situation de travail. Ces dérives peuvent être techniques (dérives de caractéristiques produits, de flux de produits, et/ou de l’état de santé de la machine) et/ou d’interactions entre l’opérateur, la machine et/ou les produits. Pour supporter cette identification, nous proposons de modéliser la situation de travail dans son ensemble en la représentant comme un système. Cette modélisation permettant de capitaliser les informations sur la situation de travail étudiée dans un modèle de données unique basé sur un patron (modèle de référence de situation de travail). La contribution de ces travaux a été testée sur un cas d’étude (une machine d'assemblage automatisée à vocation pédagogique) dans le but de prouver sa faisabilité<br>In a work situation on an automated assembly machine, technical drifts during operation can lead to machine malfunctions. These malfunctions can lead the operator supervising the machine to adapt and react to reduce the effect of these technical drifts on the rest of the working situation. To respond to these malfunctions, the operator may place himself in a hazardous situation.In this context, this manuscript contributes therefore to prevent work accidents on machines. The major contribution of this thesis is methodological. The aim of the proposed method, named Working Situation Health Monitoring (WSHM), is to define a working situation’s health indicator that will enable the monitoring of the appearance of these potentially hazardous situations, from data generated by the machines. To define this indicator, we suggest identifying these potentially hazardous situations by analyzing the potential drifts of the work situation. These drifts can be technical (drifts of product characteristics, drifts of the product flow characteristics, and/or drift of the machine health) and/or from interactions between the operator, the machine and/or the products.To support this identification, we suggest modeling the work situation as a whole by representing it as a system. This modeling allows capitalizing the information on the studied work situation in a unique data model based on a pattern (working situation’s reference model). The contribution of this work has been tested on a case study (an automated assembly machine for educational purposes) in order to prove its feasibility
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Rebholz, Christina H. "Life in the Uncanny Valley: Workplace Issues for Knowledge Workers on the Autism Spectrum." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1363118807.
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Wittstock, Volker, Patrick Puschmann, Rojas Adrian Albero, Matthias Putz, and Heinrich Mödden. "Untersuchung der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion bei der Werkstückspannung beim Vertikal-Drehen." Thelem Universitätsverlag & Buchhandlung GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36948.
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Die Auswertung von Unfallzahlen an Produktionsmaschinen der vergangenen Jahre zeigt, dass nach Jahren sinkender Unfallzahlen eine Stagnation eintritt (Mödden 2018). Der Unfallstatistik der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (DGUV) ist außerdem zu entnehmen, dass die Ursache für tödliche oder schwere Unfälle sehr häufig freigesetzte Werkstücke sind. In den meisten Fällen lagen mangelhafte Aufspannsituationen vor (Kesselkaul Meyer 2016). Wenn die Möglichkeiten der inhärent sicheren Konstruktion und der technischen Schutzmaßnahmen ausgeschöpft sind und trotzdem Restrisiken verbleiben, muss im Schritt 3 die Benutzerinformation, die als instruktive Sicherheit zusammengefasst wird, darauf hinweisen (Neudörfer 2014, ISO 12100 2011, MRL 2006). Das Problem ist hierbei, dass die Beachtung der instruktiven Sicherheit vom Bediener abhängig ist. Das Vertikal-Drehen auf Fräsbearbeitungszentren ist ein arbeitssicherheitstechnisch besonders kritischer Prozess, weil dafür die Maschine mit vollwertigen Rotationsachsen für das Werkstück ausgerüstet wird. Durch die hohen Drehzahlen der Werkstücke steigen deren kinetische Energie und damit das Gefährdungsrisiko gegenüber der reinen klassischen Fräsbearbeitung stark an. Im Stillstand und bei geringen Drehzahlen hat das Werkstück dagegen in der Regel einen sicheren Stand und vermittelt dem Maschinenbediener unter Umständen eine trügerische Sicherheit. Wird das Werkstück außerdem manuell gespannt, entstehen trotz ausreichender technischer Zuverlässigkeit des Systems 'Werkzeugmaschine-Spannmittel-Werkstück' Unwägbarkeiten, die rein auf das menschliche Handeln also die Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion zurückzuführen sind. Die auf einer bewährten Risikoabschätzung beruhende normungstechnische Konvention erfordert Überwachungsfunktionen und instruktive Sicherheit für die konkrete Werkstückspannung (ISO 16090 2017). Sie setzt also quasi einen idealen und z. B. nicht ermüdenden und immer richtig handelnden Maschinenbediener voraus. Die oben erwähnten Unfallzahlen sind ein Beweis, dass die reale Situation nicht befriedigend ist. Die wesentliche Frage ist: Wie kann die Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion (MMI) als Teil des Maschinendesigns sicherer gestaltet werden? Und auf das konkrete Beispiel bezogen: Wie kann die Instruktion so verbessert werden, dass schwere Unfälle verhindert werden? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, ist es im ersten Schritt notwendig, den Einfluss der menschlichen Unzuverlässigkeit zu quantifizieren, um ihn so sowohl in technisch-physikalische Auslegung als auch in die Bewertung der Maschinensicherheit einfließen zu lassen.
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Rosado, Verónica Mendes. "A gestão de recursos humanos na Empresa Mecachrome Aeronáutica de Évora." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/29784.
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O relatório de estágio aqui exposto foi realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão:
Especialização em Recursos Humanos da Universidade de Évora do ano letivo 2017/2018.
Tendo por base a experiência de estágio curricular no Departamento de Recursos Humanos na
empresa Mecachrome Aeronáutica, Unipessoal, Lda., procedeu-se a uma descrição detalhada
das atividades realizadas e posterior análise de acordo com as dimensões Estratégia de Gestão
de Recursos Humanos, Recrutamento e Seleção, Formação e Desenvolvimento, Manutenção
de Gestão de Recursos Humanos e Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho. Posteriormente, foram
enquadradas as atividades a nível teórico, e partindo de uma análise crítica, elaborou-se um
conjunto de propostas de intervenção/melhoria da realidade organizacional, particularmente
ao nível dos Recursos Humanos; Abstract:
The Human Resources Management at Mecachrome Aeronáutica de Évora
The present master´s degree final word was carried out within the scope of the Master in
Management: Specialization in Human Resources of the University of Évora for the 2017/2018
academic year. Based on the curricular internship experience in the Human Resources
Department at Mecachrome Aeronáutica, Unipessoal, Lda., A detailed description of the
activities carried out and further analysis according to the dimensions of Human Resources
Management Strategy, Recruitment and Selection, Training and Development, Maintenance of
Human Resources Management and Health and Safety at Work. Subsequently, the activities
were framed at the theoretical level, and based on a critical analysis, a set of
intervention/improvement proposals for the organizational reality was developed, particularly
at the Human Resources level.
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Johansson, Joel. "Why does a sleepy driver continue to drive?" Thesis, Department of computer and information science, Linköping University, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-596.
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Inom trafikforskningen är det allmänt känt att sömnighet är en starkt bidragande faktor vid trafikolyckor. Tidigare forskning har visat att sömnighet hos förare är närvarande i 16-23 procent av alla bilolyckor. Inom flyg- och järnvägsdomänen har en metod, med en stark influens från human factors-området, kallad Fatigue risk management (FRM) använts för att undersöka hur sociala och organisatoriska faktorer påverkar personalens sömnighetsnivå. Dock har denna metod inte använts för att undersöka lastbilsförares sömnighetsnivå i någon större utsträckning. Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur lastbilsförare upplever, motarbetar och motverkar sömnighet i deras dagliga arbetssituation. Resultaten visar att lastbilsförare i sitt arbete möter en stor mängd trötthetsbidragande faktorer, som kan härledas både till organisatoriska faktorer och individuellt beteende. Möjliga sätt att motverka sömnighet bland lastbilsförare, riktade mot både individen och organisationen, föreslås.<br>In the traffic domain it is commonly known that sleepiness is a highly contributing factor in traffic accidents. Research has shown that sleepiness among drivers is present in about 16-23 per cent of all car accidents. In the aviation and railway industry a method or framework with some shared influences from the Human Factors approach, called Fatigue Risk Management (FRM) has been used to investigate how social and organisational factors affect the personnels level of sleepiness. The overall aims of this study are to investigate how truck drivers experience, fight and counteract sleepiness in their daily work environment. The results show that drivers face a wide variety of sleep contributing factors, stemming from both organisational factors and individual behaviour. Possible ways of counteracting truck driver sleepiness, concerning both the individual and the organisation, are also suggested.
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Тєлєтов, Олександр Сергійович, Александр Сергеевич Телетов, Oleksandr Serhiiovych Tielietov, Наталія Євгенівна Летуновська, Наталия Евгеньевна Летуновская та Nataliia Yevhenivna Letunovska. "Роль соціальної інфраструктури у відтворенні здоров'я працівників промисловості і сільського господарства". Thesis, Видавничо-поліграфічний центр "Гарант СВ", 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/37555.
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У тезах обґрунтовується важливість соціальної інфраструктури підприємства у відтворенні людських ресурсів, зокрема в сфері запобігання професійним захворюванням працівників. Проаналізовано динаміку професійних захворювань працюючих у різних сферах діяльності в Україні за останні роки. Зазначено, що доречною побудова партнерських відносин за профілем основної діяльності промислових підприємств, сільських угідь, природних зон у сфері соціального забезпечення, відпочинку, лікування та відтворення здоров’я працівників.<br>В тезисах обоснована важность социальной инфраструктуры предприятия в воспроизведении человеческих ресурсов, в частности в сфере избежания профессиональных заболеваний сотрудников. Проанализировано динамику профессиональных заболеваний работников в разных сферах деятельности в Украине за последние годы. Отмечено, что уместным есть построение партнерских отношений за профилем основной деятельности промышленных предприятий, сельских угодий, природных зон в сфере социального обеспечения, отдыха, лечения и воспроизведения здоровья работников.<br>The theses justify the importance of social infrastructure of enterprise in human resources reproducing, particularly in the prevention of occupational illness. The dynamics of occupational illness of Ukrainian workers of different fields throughout recent years is analyzed. The authors noted that it is relevant to build partnership between industrial enterprises, farmland, natural areas in the sphere of social welfare, recreation, treatment and restoration of the health of workers.
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Barros, Juliana de Oliveira. "Interfaces entre produção de saúde e coordenação do cuidado: perspectiva da psicodinâmica do trabalho na compreensão do trabalhar de médicos inseridos em um hospital universitário - São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5170/tde-02052016-104008/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Com base no referencial teórico da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, compreende-se que a construção da subjetividade e, consequentemente, da identidade e da saúde mental dos sujeitos adultos têm no trabalho lugar central. OBJETIVO: Evidenciar componentes da organização do trabalho que possam favorecer a produção da saúde, a construção e o fortalecimento da identidade de sujeitos singulares e coletivos profissionais, a partir da compreensão de uma situação especifica de trabalho. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de estudo de caso de caráter exploratório. Foi desenvolvido com um grupo de médicos inseridos no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, cujo trabalhar é atravessado pela coordenação de equipes e/ ou ações de cuidado. Realizou-se 14 entrevistas semi-estruturadas entre os meses de setembro de 2013 e abril de 2014, organizadas em duas fases. Da primeira, participaram sete médicos que ocupavam cargos de gestão. Puderam auxiliar na compreensão do organograma geral da instituição, do fluxo e da organização do trabalho médico. Da segunda fase, participaram sete médicos que, além de assistentes, atuavam como chefes de plantão. Pela importância das ações desenvolvidas por estes profissionais na dinâmica hospitalar e pela disponibilidade em participar do estudo, constituíram-se como a população alvo do mesmo. Adotou-se a postura fenomenológico hermenêutica para interpretação dos achados. Caracterizou-se o trabalhar e a identidade profissional desses sujeitos a partir de quatro eixos: conteúdo do trabalho; recursos disponíveis para realização das atividades previstas; trajetória para chegada nessa função e; experiências de sofrimento e prazer no trabalho. RESULTADOS: Semanalmente, por 12 horas consecutivas, os médicos chefes de plantão respondem por questões administrativas, representando a diretoria do hospital frente aos trabalhadores e usuários do serviço. Baseados em aspectos técnicos, nas regras institucionais e do trabalho tomam, simultaneamente, decisões clínicas no que se refere à possibilidade de acolhimento do conjunto de sujeitos que procura o hospital. Objetivam, ao máximo, manter a regularidade e a continuidade do funcionamento institucional e melhorar a resolutividade do atendimento prestado. Todos os recursos materiais e humanos da instituição são aliados quando das tomadas de decisão, mesmo se feitas de forma individual. Foram convidados pela diretoria do hospital a desempenharem essa função, a partir da identificação de certas características pessoais e profissionais. Dentre todas as atividades desenvolvidas, ocupar-se da gestão regulatória dos leitos hospitalares frequentemente os coloca diante de situações de impotência. DISCUSSÃO: Os chefes de plantão são profissionais que transitam entre o fazer clínico e a coordenação de situações e pessoas. Evidencia-se a importância do julgamento de utilidade técnica e social emitido, sobretudo, por aqueles que compõem a base da linha hierárquica organizacional, ao terem sua autoridade fundada nas competências profissionais e na qualidade das arbitragens que realizam. O reconhecimento, enquanto retribuição de natureza simbólica, parece impulsionar a construção de soluções criativas face às dificuldades encontradas no trabalho. Ressalta ainda o lugar do outro no movimento de conquista da própria identidade. Encontram-se diante de um cenário no qual, além de serem beneficiários, fomentam processos de cooperação a partir do modo como fazem a gestão. Os anos de trabalho compartilhado entre as mesmas equipes e a ética do cuidado em saúde, parecem sustentar esta dinâmica. CONCLUSÕES: Compreende-se que a cooperação e o reconhecimento são aspectos importantes quando se trata da produção da saúde mental e da prevenção de situações de adoecimento no trabalho. São ainda decisivos para a conquista da emancipação pela via do trabalho. Entender as condições que tornam possível a existência deles no seio das instituições é fundamental para aqueles que desejam aliar a produção de bens ou serviços à produção da saúde dos trabalhadores<br>INTRODUCTION: Based on the theoretical framework of work psychodynamics, it is understood that the construction of subjectivity and, hence, the identity and mental health of adult subjects have in the work its central point. PURPOSE: To highlight components of work organization which may support the health production, the building and strengthening of the identity of specific individuals and collective professionals based on an understanding of a specific work situation. METHODS: It is an exploratory case study. It was conducted with a group of doctors inserted in the University Hospital of University of São Paulo and whose work is crossed by coordination of teams and/or care actions. Fourteen semi-structured interviews taken between September 2013 and April 2014, which were organized into two phases. In the first one, seven manager doctors participated. They helped in the understanding of the general chart organizational of the institution, the flow and organization of medical work. In the second phase participated seven professionals who were doctors assistants and also duty chefs. Due to the importance of the actions developed by these professionals in the hospital and their availability to participate in the study, they were constituted as the target population of it. It was adopted the phenomenological-hermeneutic approach to the interpretation of the findings. The work and the professional identity of these subjects were characterized according to four areas: content of the work; resources available to carry out the planned activities; trajectory for arrival in this role and; experiences of suffering and pleasure at work. RESULTS: Weekly, for 12 consecutive hours, the doctors on duty chiefs are responsible for administrative matters and representing the board of the hospital face workers and service users. Based on the technical aspects, institutional and work rules, they make clinical decisions regarding the possibility of receiving and hosting subjects who seeks the hospital. They aim, as much as possible, to maintain the regularity and continuity of organizational efficiency and improve the resoluteness of care given. All the material and human resources of the institution are allied when the decisions have to be made, even if it is individually. They were invited by the hospital board to play this role, based in the identification of certain personal and professional characteristics. Among all the activities, to be in charge of the regulatory management of hospital beds often sets them against situations of powerlessness. DISCUSSION: The duty chefs are professionals who move between clinical work and coordination of situations and people. It highlights the importance of the judgment of technical and social utility, mainly by those who compose the organizational basis of organizational hierarchy, by having their authority founded on professional skills and quality of referrals that they do. The recognition as retribution in symbolic way, appears to boost the construction of creative solutions to face the difficulties encountered at work. We also emphasize the place of the other in the movement of achieve their own identity. They are in a scenario in which, besides being beneficiaries, also foster cooperation processes from the way they do the management. The years of work shared between the same teams and the ethics of health care, appear to sustain this dynamic. CONCLUSIONS: It is understood that cooperation and recognition are important aspects when it comes to mental health production and preventing disease situations at work. They are still decisive for the achievement of emancipation through work. Understanding the conditions that make possible their existence within the institutions is essential for those who wish to combine the production of goods or services to the production of health workers
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Sillars, Dawn. "Balancing Act: Female Surgeons Adaptations to the Operating Environment." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1546611638366225.
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Cahová, Veronika. "Inovace procesů zpracování osobních údajů u státní organizace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222375.
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Master's thesis "Innovation processes personal data for the state organization," deals with the protection of personal data for processing, both in paper, as well as electronic form. The main topic is security policy, the assessment of security risks resulting proposals for the introduction of innovative processes aimed to prevent possible leakage and misuse of personal data.
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Tolbert, Harrison. "The effects of higher education on law enforcement." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2537.
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This paper focused on many aspects of higher education, and how this complex topic is affeccting law enforcement today and will continue to affect it in the future. The role of police officers has changed over the preceding two hundred years from watchman to professional peacekeeper. Experts attribute this change to increases in societal awareness of crime, the implementation of civil service protection, and educational advances.
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Safy, Fatema. "La relation entre souffrance et implication au travail dans le cadre de la théorie de la conservation des ressources : le cas d'une organisation médico-sociale." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30108/document.
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L'évolution de l'environnement du travail, de l'organisation du travail, et des modes de gestion des hommes, introduit de nouvelles pathologies de travail à côté des pathologies traditionnelles dites physiques : il s'agit de pathologies mentales. Ces dernières sont liées à des contraintes organisationnelles ou de marché comparativement aux pathologies traditionnelles rattachées aux conditions physiques et matérielles de la tâche. Dans ce contexte d'émergence de nouvelles formes de mal-être au travail, le concept de souffrance au travail, concept « fantôme » en sciences de gestion, apparaît pertinent car il interroge le fonctionnement organisationnel et le rôle de la gestion des ressources humaines. Cette recherche possède un double objectif : contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de la souffrance au travail par la production d'une définition claire de ce concept, et théoriser le lien entre souffrance et implication au travail en définissant de quelle manière ces construits s'influencent mutuellement. Notre recherche est animée par la question suivante : quelles relations existe-t-il entre souffrance et implication au travail ? Pour y répondre, nous nous appuyons sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources. Les résultats de la recherche montrent que la souffrance au travail naît d'une perte de ressources organisationnelles engendrant une érosion des ressources subjectives permettant à l'individu de se définir, et crée une forme d'implication au travail précise : le sur-engagement. Celui-ci trouve ses origines dans la souffrance au travail elle-même et est orienté par des expériences de travail négatives forçant des sentiments négatifs envers l'organisation<br>The evolution of the work environment, work organization, and practices of human ressource management, introduces new pathologies work alongside the traditional pathologies so-called physical pathologies : there are mental pathologies. These are related to organizational or market constraints compared to traditional pathologies related to physical and material task's conditions. In this context of new forms of ill-being at work, the concept of suffering at work, "ghost" concept in management science, appears relevant because it queries the organizational functioning and the role of human resource management. This research has two objectives: contribute to a better understanding of suffering at work in producing a clear definition of this concept, and theorize the link between suffering at work and work commitment in defining how these constructs influence each other. Our research is motivated by the question : what relationship is there between suffering at work and work commitment ? To answer, we rely on conservation of resources theory. The results of this research show that suffering at work arises from a loss of organizational ressources causing an erosion of subjective resources that allow the individual to define himself, and creates a specific form of work commitment : the over-involvement. It is rooted in the suffering at work itself and it is guided by negative experiences of work forcing of negative feelings toward the organization
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Pattath, Priyadarshini. "Internet-based Behavior of IT Professionals: Implications for Online Ergonomic Education to Prevent Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4933.
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INTERNET-BASED BEHAVIOR OF IT PROFESSIONALS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ONLINE ERGONOMIC EDUCATION TO PREVENT WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
By Priyadarshini Pattath, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University, 2017 Director: Dr. Robin Hurst, Assistant Professor of Adult Learning, Teaching and Learning,
School of Education
The purpose of this study was to explore the preferences of medium of ergonomic education and views about self-directed online training modules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in computer professionals and understand their perspectives and experiences about online health information seeking using a self-directed learning framework. To accomplish this, a qualitative research design was used to analyze data from interviews and observation. An exploratory case study research design was employed to examine the experiences of fifteen information technology professionals. The findings revealed that the preference for the mode of delivery of ergonomic education depends on the individual attitude and on the perceived attributes of the particular mode of delivery. The findings highlighted the role of the Internet in making significant lifestyle and contextual modifications. Finally, the findings highlighted the barriers that were faced when seeking health information on the Internet. The findings of this study were limited by the nature of the research and sample size. Additional research is needed to support the findings. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Černý, Karel. "Rekonstrukce Hlavní budovy Plaveč – příprava a organizace výstavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225471.
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This thesis deals with reconstruction of the home for the elderly Plaveč main building. These reconstruction is primarily interior renovation, the rooms of clients and staff facilities, but also the surrounding of the building. All work will be in full operation. Consideration of this factor in the organization of construction is the main subject of this thesis, which shall include traffic contexts, costing, budget, time schedule, equipment of construction site, construction machinery, technology procedure, occupational safety and resources.
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Labudová, Martina. "Stavebně technologický projekt laboratorně administrativního objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265526.
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This thesis deals construction technology project of laboratory administration building at the University Hospital Ostrava. Attention will be focused on the construction of the main building. The author focusses on the main technological stages of construction, time and financial planning. Selected construction processes are elaborated in terms of the execution of works, quality control and occupational health and safety. The thesis is supplemented by attachments.
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Magalhães, Ana Maria Müller de. "Carga de trabalho de enfermagem e segurança de pacientes internados em um hospital universitário." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49116.
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Estudo com delineamento de método de pesquisa misto sequencial explanatório, no qual adotou-se um desenho transversal retrospectivo na fase quantitativa e acrescentou-se uma estratégia qualitativa, através da discussão em grupos focais e do uso de métodos fotográficos, na perspectiva do pensamento ecológico e restaurativo. O objetivo geral do estudo consistiu em analisar a carga de trabalho de enfermagem e sua potencial relação com a segurança do paciente, em unidades de internação das áreas clínica e cirúrgica de um hospital universitário. Os dados foram coletados no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, em duas etapas. Na etapa quantitativa, a população e a amostra consistiram dos pacientes internados e dos profissionais de enfermagem que estavam atuando nas onze unidades de internação, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2009, dos quais foram obtidos os indicadores mensais de qualidade assistencial e gerencial de segurança dos pacientes, assim como a carga de trabalho das equipes de enfermagem nos doze meses. Na etapa qualitativa, as informações foram coletadas por meio da técnica de grupos focais e métodos fotográficos de pesquisa, com os profissionais de enfermagem de uma das unidades pesquisadas, no período de agosto a novembro de 2011. Na primeira etapa, empregou-se a análise descritiva e analítica dos dados, com o recurso do SPSS/PASW 18.0, e aplicação do teste de Equações de Estimativas Generalizadas, considerando-se o intervalo de confiança de 95% e significância de 5%. Na segunda etapa, as informações foram organizadas, com o recurso do programa NVivo 9, e submetidas à análise de conteúdo temática. Os resultados indicam que a carga de trabalho das equipes de enfermagem, expressa pela razão do número de pacientes por enfermeiro/dia, variou de 2,97 a 8,97 e pela razão do número de pacientes por auxiliar-técnico de enfermagem/dia apresentou variação de 1,13 a 2,17. A partir dos valores de B, que medem a associação entre o fator em estudo e os desfechos, identificou-se que, para cada unidade que se aumenta na razão paciente por enfermeiro, aumenta-se em 0,189 a incidência de queda do leito, em 0,157 a infecção relacionada a cateter vascular central, em 0,171 o turnover e em 0,268 o absenteísmo. Evidenciou-se que, para cada unidade que se acresce na razão paciente por auxiliar/técnico de enfermagem, aumenta-se em 1,437 a incidência de queda do leito, em 1,095 a infecção relacionada a cateter vascular central, em 0,864 o turnover, em 1,933 o absenteísmo, e diminui-se em 10,799 a taxa de satisfação dos pacientes internados com a equipe de enfermagem. Os profissionais participantes do estudo apontaram a complexidade assistencial dos pacientes como um fator determinante para definir as atividades que causam maior impacto na carga de trabalho da equipe e na segurança dos pacientes. Nas discussões dos grupos focais, assim como na caminhada e narrativa fotográficas, foram destacadas as ações de cuidado como a administração de medicamentos, banho de leito e transporte dos pacientes, como aquelas que têm maior repercussão na carga de trabalho da equipe e chance de gerar riscos para a segurança dos pacientes, do ambiente e dos profissionais de enfermagem.<br>A study employing a mixed explanatory sequential research method, in which a retrospective cross-sectional design was adopted in the quantitative phase with the addition of a qualitative strategy, by means of discussion in focus groups and the use of photographic methods, from the perspective of ecological and restorative thinking. The general objective of the study lies in analyzing the nursing workload and its potential relation to patient safety, in in-patient units in the clinical and surgical wards of a university hospital. Data was collected from Hospital de Clínicas, in Porto Alegre, in two stages. In the quantitative stage, the population and the sample consisted of in-patients and nursing professionals operating in the eleven in-patient wards, in the period from January to December, 2009, from which monthly indicators were obtained for care and management quality concerning patient safety, along with the work load of the nursing teams over the twelve month period. In the qualitative stage, information was collected by means of the focus group technique and photographic research methods, with the nursing professionals from one of the researched units, in the period from August to November, 2011. In the first stage, descriptive and analytical analysis of the data was employed, using the SPSS/PASW 18.0 tool, and application of the generalized estimating equation test, considering an interval of confidence of 95% and significance of 5%. In the second stage, the information was organized using the NVivo 9 program, and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results indicate that the work load of the nursing teams, expressed through the ratio of the number of patients per nurse/day, varied between 2.97 and 8.97 and the ratio of the number of patients per nursing technician assistant/day presented a variation from 1,13 to 2,17. Based on the values of B, which gauge the association between the factor under study and the outcome, it was noted that, for each unit in which the patient ratio per nurse is increased, the occurrence of falls from beds increases by 0.189, while infection related to central vascular catheter increases 0.157, the turnover by 0.171 and absenteeism by 0.268. It was shown that, for each unit in which the patient ratio is increased per nursing technician/assistant, there is an increase of 1,437 in the occurrence of bed falls, a 1,095 increase in infection related to central vascular catheters, a 0,864 increase in turnover, a 1,933 rise in absenteeism, and a reduction of 10,799 in the in-patient satisfaction rate regarding the nursing team. The professionals participating in the study point out patient care complexity as a determining factor in defining the activities that cause the greatest impact on the work load of the team and the safety of patients. In the focus group discussions, as well as in the photographic narrative and walk-through, care actions such as medication administration, bed bathing and the transport of patients were highlighted as those with the highest repercussion on the team workload and the chance of generating risks to the safety of patients, the environment and the nursing professionals.<br>Estudio con delineación de método de investigación mixto secuencial explanativo, en el cual se adoptó un diseño transversal retrospectivo en la etapa cuantitativa y se añadió una estrategia cualitativa, mediante una discusión en grupos focales y del uso de métodos fotográficos, en la perspectiva del pensamiento ecológico y restaurativo. El objetivo general del estudio constituye en analizar la carga de trabajo de enfermería y su potencial relación con la seguridad del paciente, en unidades de internación de las áreas clínica y quirúrgica de un hospital universitario. Los datos fueron recolectados en el Hospital de Clínicas, de Porto Alegre, en dos etapas. En la etapa cuantitativa, la población y la muestra consistieron de los pacientes internados y de los profesionales de enfermería que estaban actuando en las once unidades de internación, en el período de enero a diciembre de 2009, de los cuales se obtuvieron los indicadores mensuales de calidad asistencial y administrativa de seguridad de los pacientes, así como la carga de trabajo de los equipos de enfermería en los doce meses. En la etapa cualitativa, las informaciones fueron recolectadas por medio de la técnica de grupos focales y métodos fotográficos de investigación, con los profesionales de enfermería de una de las unidades investigadas, en el período de agosto a noviembre de 2011. En la primera etapa, se empleó el análisis descriptivo y analítico de los datos, con el recurso del SPSS/PASW 18.0, y aplicación del test de Ecuaciones de Estimativas Generalizadas, considerándose el intervalo de confianza del 95% y significancia del 5%. En la segunda etapa, las informaciones se organizaron, con el recurso del programa NVivo 9, y sometidas al análisis de contenido temático. Los resultados indican que la carga de trabajo de los equipos de enfermería, expresa por la razón del número de pacientes por enfermero/día, varió de 2,97 a 8,97 y por la razón del número de pacientes por auxiliar-técnico de enfermería/día presentó variación de 1,13 a 2,17. A partir de los valores de B, que miden la asociación entre el factor en estudio y los resultados, se identifica que, para cada unidad que se aumenta en la razón paciente por enfermero, se aumenta en 0,189 la incidencia de caída del lecho, en 0,157 la infección relacionada a catéter vascular central, en 0,171 el turnover y en 0,268 el absentismo. Se evidenció que, para cada unidad que se añade en la razón paciente por auxiliar/técnico de enfermería, se aumenta en 1,437 la incidencia de caída del lecho, en 1,095 la infección relacionada a catéter vascular central, en 0,864 el turnover, en 1,933 o absentismo, y se disminuye en 10,799 la tasa de satisfacción de los pacientes internados con el equipo de enfermería. Los profesionales participantes del estudio señalan la complejidad asistencial de los pacientes como un factor determinante para definir las actividades que causan mayor impacto en la carga de trabajo del equipo y en la seguridad de los pacientes. En las discusiones de los grupos focales, así como en la caminata y narrativa fotográficas, se destacaron las acciones de cuidado como la administración de medicamentos, baño de lecho y transporte de los pacientes, como aquellas que tienen mayor repercusión en la carga de trabajo del equipo y oportunidad de generar riesgos para la seguridad de los pacientes, del ambiente y de los profesionales de enfermería.