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1

Bröchner, Jan. "The service sector in the classical world: focus on entertainment and well-being." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 15, no. 5 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-02-2023-0019.

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Purpose Predicting effects of artificial intelligence on service occupations can be supported by a long historical perspective. Historical databases and archaeology help reconstructing the service sector in ancient societies. Here, the purpose of this paper is to analyse occupational specialization within services in cities of ancient Greece and the Roman Empire, as well as how the service sector is reflected in architectural remains, to identify differences and similarities with today’s Europe. Design/methodology/approach Occupational titles are traced in epigraphical and literary sources, so
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Mahomed, S. "When sanctuaries of humanity turn into corridors of horror: The destruction of healthcare in Gaza." South African Journal of Bioethics and Law 16, no. 3 (2023): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajbl.2023.v16i3.1732.

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The people of Gaza endure physical traumas, and psychological and social wounds directly linked to the combination of military occupations and the closing of its border, essentially forcing and trapping them in despair. The destruction of healthcare infrastructure in particular, has methodically added strain on an already hopeless situation, severely affecting the availability and accessibility of essential healthcare services for the population, which further perpetuates the cycle of peoples suffering. Such suffering has escalated to extreme proportions in 2023. As the violence and attacks co
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Ascoli, Valeria, Caterina Carnovale Scalzo, Francesco Facciolo, et al. "Malignant Mesothelioma in Rome, Italy 1980-1995. A Retrospective Study of 79 Patients." Tumori Journal 82, no. 6 (1996): 526–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169608200603.

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Aim and background To evaluate the characteristics of a case-series of 79 malignant mesothelioma patients collected from the main teaching hospital of Rome, Italy, and other local clinics of Latium Region and to assess the role of asbestos exposure, since previous studies on the occurrence of the disease in this area were lacking. Methods The study included cytohistologically diagnosed malignant mesothelioma (71 pleural, 7 peritoneal, and 1 testicular tunica vaginalis) detected or referred for consultation during the period 1980-1995. Information regarding occupational and/or nonoccupational e
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Sestili, Massimo. "Sotto un cielo di piombo. Le lotte per la casa in una borgata di Roma. San Basilio, settembre 1974." HISTORIA MAGISTRA, no. 1 (April 2009): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/hm2009-001007.

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- Social struggle for housing in Rome has produced a movement which has endured over 50 years of Italian history. Squatting is the unavoidable answer for a large number of people to the lack of houses due to building speculation, to the problem of the renewal of the suburbs built during the fascist regime, to the heavy wave of immigration and to the absence of city planning. Due to problems of overcrowding and lack of transparency in establishing allotment lists, the occupation of the San Basilio suburbs in 1974 ended tragically in the death of a young demonstrator and dozens injured among the
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Kaše, Vojtěch, Petra Heřmánková, and Adéla Sobotková. "Division of labor, specialization and diversity in the ancient Roman cities: A quantitative approach to Latin epigraphy." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (2022): e0269869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269869.

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Recent empirical studies on the division of labor in modern cities indicate a complex web of relationships between sectoral specialization of cities and their productivity on one hand and sectoral diversification and resilience on the other. Emerging scholarly consensus suggests that ancient urbanism has more in common with modern urban development than previously thought. We explore whether modern trends in urban division of labor apply to the cities of the Western Roman Empire from the first century BCE to the fourth century CE. We analyze occupational data extracted from a large body of Lat
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Spinelli, Aria. "Experimental Institutionalism and Radical Statecraft: Art in Autonomous Social Centres and Self-Managed Cultural Occupations in Rome." Arts 12, no. 3 (2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts12030123.

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This article analyses experimental institutionalism in the city of Rome, focusing on artistic practices of the C.S.O.A. Centro Sociale Autonomo Occupato (Squatted Autonomous Social Centre) Forte Prenestino and the three-year occupation of Valle theatre, Teatro Valle Occupato. In scholarly research on art institutionalism, artistic practices in squatted spaces are often overlooked. While the 1990s European wave of experimental institutionalism transformed the concept of an art museum or art institution into a processed-based, community-oriented, and participatory platform, in Rome, the collecti
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Xiu, Lin, and Morley Gunderson. "Occupational segregation and the gender earnings gap in China: devils in the details." International Journal of Manpower 36, no. 5 (2015): 711–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-03-2013-0047.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the gender earnings gap in China with a focus on the role of differences in the occupational distribution of males and females. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a procedure to model occupational attainments and decompose differences in earnings into an inter-occupational portion due to differences in the occupational distribution between males and females, and an intra-occupational portion due to differences in pay. The analysis is based on Chinese census data. Findings – The authors find that the male-female pay gap is virtually c
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Petrova, Maya. "On Medicine, Physicians, and Healers in Ancient Rome." Hypothekai 6 (2022): 40–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32880/2587-7127-2022-6-6-40-77.

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The paper discusses the issue of the attitude towards medicine, physicians, and healers in Ancient Rome (1st – 5th centuries) based on ancient texts (Juv. Sat., Plin. Nat. Hist., Mart. Ep., etc.). It is shown that the profession of physician in Rome did not immediately receive recognition. The reasons for this are revealed: first, Romans did not consider medicine an art (science), and second, those who were associated with medicine were not Romans by origin and did not initially have civil rights. The collective biography of the Roman physician is reconstructed; it is based on the surviving te
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Atwal, Anita, Sharon Owen, and Richard Davies. "Struggling for Occupational Satisfaction: Older People in Care Homes." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 66, no. 3 (2003): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802260306600306.

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In the United Kingdom, a wide range of health care reforms has been introduced to enhance the wellbeing of older people. These reforms should ensure that both the public and the private sectors deliver best practice to older people. The role of the occupational therapist with older people is well established in a variety of health and social care settings but there is a noticeable absence of input in care homes, despite evidence that has demonstrated the importance of occupations for wellbeing. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used in a research study to determine the t
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Kim, Lanu. "Geographical Locations of Occupations and Information and Communication Technology: Do Online Tools Impact Where People in the United States Live and Work?" SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (2021): 215824402110376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211037663.

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This article investigates whether the development of information and communication technology (ICT) contributes to the dispersion of wealthy and talented people and helps prevent the concentration of wealth in only a few cities. In between some authors’ positive speculation on the role of ICT in reducing the necessity of physical distance and others’ emphasis on the vital role of offline interaction, the current research takes a broader view and investigates whether the technology impacts the concentration of jobs across the U.S. cities in the years 2006 and 2016. Using data from Occupational
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Gill, Andrew M. "The Role of Discrimination in Determining Occupational Structure." ILR Review 42, no. 4 (1989): 610–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979398904200410.

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The author of this study attempts to isolate the role of discrimination in determining racial differences in occupational structure. Logit techniques are used to identify and distinguish between determinants of the probability that an individual will choose an occupation and the probability that an individual will be hired for a desired job. The empirical results indicate that much of the under-representation of blacks in managerial, sales and clerical, and craft occupations can be attributed to employment discrimination. These findings thus seriously challenge human capital models, which trea
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Ronen, Yaël. "Illegal Occupation and Its Consequences." Israel Law Review 41, no. 1-2 (2008): 201–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700000224.

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This Article explores the grounds and consequences of illegal occupation. It proposes that an occupation may be considered illegal if it is involves the violation of a peremptory norm of international law that operates erga omnes, and is related to territorial status. Accordingly, illegal occupations are primarily those achieved through violation of the prohibition on the use of force and of the right to self-determination, or maintained in violation of the right to self-determination. This examination forms the basis for a systematic analysis of specific occupations that have been declared il
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Noonan, Mary C., Freda B. Lynn, and Mark H. Walker. "Boxed In: Beliefs about the Compatibility and Likability of Mother-Occupation and Father-Occupation Role Combinations." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 6 (January 2020): 237802312094244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023120942449.

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Researchers have long noted that role expectations of a “good” mother conflict with those of a “good” worker, described as the “cultural contradiction” of motherhood. But given that work roles vary tremendously in terms of the cultural meanings the public assigns them, the authors examine variability in the perceived compatibility of mother-occupation and father-occupation combinations. Building on previous research, the authors hypothesize that (1) some parent-occupation pairings will be viewed as significantly less compatible because of incongruent expectations and meanings, and (2) incumben
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Fusco, Marianna, Seminew Asrat, Caterina Aureli, et al. "The Gotera Archaeological Mission in Southern Ethiopia: A preliminary field report on the ongoing research at the Middle Stone Age site of Gotera." Annales d'Ethiopie 35, no. 1 (2024): 21–37. https://doi.org/10.3406/ethio.2024.1732.

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The Middle Stone Age (MSA) of Eastern Africa plays an unprece-dented role in the general discussion on the emergence, bio-cultural development and dispersal of our species within and beyond Africa. Despite this, chronologically dated and archaeologically documented open-air sites dated to this region’s MSA period remain sparse. In the framework of the current debate about modern human origin and behavioral evolution, the “La Sapienza” University of Rome has been directing an archaeological mission in southern Ethiopia on the site called Gotera since 2016. Situated in the broadly bifurcated sec
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Hung, Carla. "Sanctuary Squats." Radical History Review 2019, no. 135 (2019): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-7607872.

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Abstract This article details the political contestations of refugee occupiers after they were violently evicted from their home, colloquially called Piazza Indipendenza. Participant observation as a friend of the Eritrean refugees who occupied Piazza Indipendenza during the time of their eviction brought to light the way refugee occupiers both demand rights to subsidized housing and care for each other. Refugees confront the discriminatory distribution of integration resources in Italy by establishing autonomous structures, like housing occupations of abandoned buildings, to both approximate
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Liu, Albert C., Mehul D. Patel, Alden L. Gross, et al. "P38: Associations between occupation, retirement age and 20-year cognitive decline: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study." International Psychogeriatrics 36, S1 (2024): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610224002710.

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Objectives: Activities that require active thinking, like occupations, may influence cognitive function and its change over time. Associations between retirement and dementia risk have been reported, however the role of retirement age in these associations is unclear. We assessed associations of occupation and retirement age with cognitive decline in the US community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)cohort.Methods: We included 14,090 ARIC participants, followed for changes in cognition during up to 21 years. Information on current or most recent occupation was collected at ARIC
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Valentino, Lauren. "The Segregation Premium: How Gender Shapes the Symbolic Valuation Process of Occupational Prestige Judgments." Social Forces 99, no. 1 (2020): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz145.

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Abstract Symbolic valuation is an important but overlooked aspect of gendered processes of inequality in the occupation structure. Prior work has largely focused on the material valuation of gendered work, such as how much predominantly-female versus predominantly-male occupations pay. Less research has examined the symbolic valuation of work, such as how prestigious predominantly-female versus predominantly-male occupations are. What research has examined this question has remained inconclusive at best. Drawing on insights into and techniques from the sociology of culture and cognition, this
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Dari-Mattiacci, Giuseppe. "Slavery and Information." Journal of Economic History 73, no. 1 (2013): 79–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205071300003x.

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This article shows how asymmetric information shaped slavery by determining the likelihood of manumission. A theoretical model explains the need to offer positive incentives to slaves working in occupations characterized by a high degree of asymmetric information. As a result, masters freed (and, more generally, rewarded) slaves who performed well. The model's implications are then tested against the available evidence: both in Rome and in the Atlantic world, slaves with high asymmetric information tasks had greater chances of manumission. The analysis also sheds light on the master's choices
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Martin, Elizabeth, Clare Hocking, and Margaret Sandham. "The impact of surviving bowel cancer on occupation: A scoping review." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 83, no. 5 (2020): 297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022619891837.

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Introduction The number of people surviving bowel cancer is increasing globally, with many of those affected living with long-term psychological and physical sequelae that potentially disrupt occupations. Method A scoping review – guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework – was conducted to provide an overview of what is known about the impact of having had bowel cancer on occupations, and to reveal the potential role of occupational therapy. A systematic search of four databases and a grey literature repository generated 244 results. Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3
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Fayard, Anne-Laure, Ileana Stigliani, and Beth A. Bechky. "How Nascent Occupations Construct a Mandate: The Case of Service Designers’ Ethos." Administrative Science Quarterly 62, no. 2 (2016): 270–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839216665805.

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In this paper, we study the way that nascent occupations constructing an occupational mandate invoke not only skills and expertise or a new technology to distinguish themselves from other occupations, but also their values. We studied service design, an emerging occupation whose practitioners aim to understand customers and help organizations develop new or improved services and customer experiences, translate those into feasible solutions, and implement them. Practitioners enacted their values in their daily work activities through a set of material practices, such as shadowing customers or f
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Cattani, Lorenzo, and Roberto Rizza. "Occupational Gender Segregation and Mental Health among Professionals: Women’s Risk Exposure in Five Micro Classes." Social Sciences 13, no. 2 (2024): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13020092.

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This study explores the intricate interplay between gender, occupation, and mental health using data from the 2020 EU-LFS ad hoc module on 38,066 female professionals in Western Europe. We examine their exposure to work-related risks impacting mental health, focusing on variables such as work overload, violence, and challenging client interactions. Our primary objective is to discern how various occupations contribute to distinct experiences of work-induced strains. Key findings challenge the compensating differential theory, according to which the lower wages in female-dominated occupations a
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Nwaru, Chioma Adanma, Tomas Berglund, and Gunnel Hensing. "Occupational prestige and sickness absence inequality in employed women and men in Sweden: a registry-based study." BMJ Open 11, no. 6 (2021): e050191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050191.

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ObjectivesSocioeconomic position has been linked to sickness absence (SA). However, less is known about the role of occupational prestige, a measure of social status afforded by one’s occupation, in SA. We investigated the association between occupational prestige and SA and the distribution of the association in women and men. We also examined the effect of intersections of gender and occupational prestige on SA.DesignLongitudinal.SettingA nationwide representative sample of Swedish working population.Participants97 397 employed individuals aged 25–59 years selected from the 2004, 2007 and 20
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Pankov, V. A., N. V. Efimova, M. V. Kuleshova, and V. R. Motorov. "Carcinogenic risk assessment in aircraft construction workers." Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 2 (March 14, 2019): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-2-122-126.

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Individual carcinogenic risk (ICR) was assessed in workers of main occupations in aircraft construction industry of East Siberia. Levels of ICR were evaluated for the main occupations workers during 1 to 30 years of service. Th e workers’ exposure was assessed according to longstanding average shift concentrations in the air of workplace, for the population — by average annual concentrations in the ambient air. To evaluate the risk not associated with occupation, the dose was taken for a period of 70 years life. Calculating dose of toxic chemicals in the air of workplace, the authors used “sta
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Fischer-Browne, Melanie. "Pushing Higher or Lower? Divergent Parental Expectations and Compromises in Occupational Choice." Social Inclusion 10, no. 2 (2022): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v10i2.5056.

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Many adolescents in Germany are unable to realize their realistic occupational aspirations when they transition from school to vocational education and training (VET). However, little is known about the underlying circumstances and what the compromises look like when these adolescents come to take up a VET occupation. As parents perform an important socialization role, which is also influential in occupational orientation, this article examines the role of divergent parental expectations. Are parental expectations, which differ from adolescents’ realistic occupational aspirations, related to t
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Fischer-Browne, Melanie. "Pushing Higher or Lower? Divergent Parental Expectations and Compromises in Occupational Choice." Social Inclusion 10, no. 2 (2022): 240–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v9i4.5056.

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Many adolescents in Germany are unable to realize their realistic occupational aspirations when they transition from school to vocational education and training (VET). However, little is known about the underlying circumstances and what the compromises look like when these adolescents come to take up a VET occupation. As parents perform an important socialization role, which is also influential in occupational orientation, this article examines the role of divergent parental expectations. Are parental expectations, which differ from adolescents’ realistic occupational aspirations, related to t
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Oris, Michel, Olivier Perroux, Grazyna Ryczkowska, Reto Schumacher, Adrien Remund, and Gilbert Ritschard. "Geneva. An Urban Sociodemographic Database." Historical Life Course Studies 13 (July 11, 2023): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs15621.

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The Geneva databases are a data resource covering the period 1800–1880 for the city of Geneva, and occasionally the canton of Geneva. The research team adopted an alphabetical sampling approach, collecting data on individuals whose surname begins with the letter B. The individuals and households belonging to this sample in six population censuses between 1816 and 1843 were digitised and linked. A second database collected marriage and divorce records for the period 1800–1880. A third collection of data included residence permits. All these sources were used for a massive reconstitution of fami
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Bayliss, C., A. Champion, E. Nwokedi, and R. Thanikasalam. "Doctors’ attitudes to patient occupation information in four hospital specialties." Occupational Medicine 70, no. 9 (2020): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa187.

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Abstract Background Although we do not know how often doctors enquire about their patients’ work, evidence suggests that occupation is often not recorded in clinical notes. There is a lack of research into doctors’ views on the importance of patient occupation or their educational needs in this area. Aims To assess doctors’ attitudes to using patient occupation information for care-planning and to determine doctors’ need for specific training in occupational health. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional survey of doctors in cardiology, obstetrics and gynaecology, oncology and orthopaedics. Ou
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del Rio-Chanona, R. Maria, Penny Mealy, Mariano Beguerisse-Díaz, François Lafond, and J. Doyne Farmer. "Occupational mobility and automation: a data-driven network model." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 18, no. 174 (2021): 20200898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0898.

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The potential impact of automation on the labour market is a topic that has generated significant interest and concern amongst scholars, policymakers and the broader public. A number of studies have estimated occupation-specific risk profiles by examining how suitable associated skills and tasks are for automation. However, little work has sought to take a more holistic view on the process of labour reallocation and how employment prospects are impacted as displaced workers transition into new jobs. In this article, we develop a data-driven model to analyse how workers move through an empirica
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Aslam, Monazza, and Shenila Rawal. "Preparing Women of Substance? Education, Training, and Labor Market Outcomes for Women in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 18, Special Edition (2013): 93–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2013.v18.isp.a5.

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This paper investigates the economic (i.e., labor market) outcomes of “training” for individuals in Pakistan. The labor market benefits of general education have been relatively well explored in the literature and specifically in Pakistan. They point to the benefits of education accruing both from education or skills that promote a person’s entry into more lucrative occupations and from raising earnings within any given occupation. This research delves into another angle by investigating the role, if any, of acquired “training“—technical, vocational, apprenticeship, or on-thejob— and its impac
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Eagers, Jackie, Richard C. Franklin, Kieran Broome, and Matthew K. Yau. "The influence of work on the transition to retirement: A qualitative study." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 81, no. 11 (2018): 624–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022618766244.

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Introduction Retirement from work is a complex process, with work influencing this transition. Occupational therapists can facilitate a meaningful occupational transition to retirement for better health and wellbeing in later life. This article explores (1) how work attributes influence and relate to the work-to-retirement transition stages, (2) the relationship of findings to the Model of Human Occupation volitional processes and (3) the potential occupational therapy role. Method Semi-structured interviews were completed with retirees. In this qualitative study, themes were identified in rel
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Murdock, Carolyn, Wendy Cousins, and W. George Kernohan. "“Running Water Won't Freeze”: How people with advanced Parkinson's disease experience occupation." Palliative and Supportive Care 13, no. 5 (2014): 1363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951514001357.

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AbstractObjective:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition often resulting in significant disability and impacting on one's ability to participate in an occupation. The present study aimed to explore how people with advanced Parkinson's disease experience the phenomenon of occupation in their daily lives in order to inform the practice of occupational therapy in palliative care.Method:Using a phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of 10 people in the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease. These interviews were audiot
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Egerton, Muriel. "Occupational Inheritance: The Role of Cultural Capital and Gender." Work, Employment and Society 11, no. 2 (1997): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017097112004.

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It is known that occupational destination is influenced by family cultural resources. Most research on the effects of cultural capital, using nationally representative datasets, has concentrated on paternal occupation and education, finding that higher levels of paternal education are associated with greater educational and occupational attainment. As a result cultural capital has been put forward as a partial explanation for intergenerational class stability. It has been argued that occupational inheritance is more marked for the professional than for the managerial sector of the middle class
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Ren, Ting, and Darla J. Hamann. "Employee value congruence and job attitudes: the role of occupational status." Personnel Review 44, no. 4 (2015): 550–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-06-2013-0096.

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Purpose – Extant research has shown the positive effects of value congruence on individual attitudes, behaviors and performance. However, very few studies have been conducted to examine the difference in the relationship between value congruence and attitudinal outcomes across people of different attributes. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the relationships between employee-organization value congruence and job attitudes vary across different occupational groups, with the focus on different levels of nurses. The study provides evidence to organizations to adopt better approaches to
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Wiedner, Rene, Amit Nigam, and Jose Bento da Silva. "General Practitioners Are from Mars, Administrators Are from Venus: The Role of Misaligned Occupational Dispositions in Inhibiting Mandated Role Change." Work and Occupations 47, no. 3 (2020): 348–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888420918643.

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Research on mandated occupational role change focuses on jurisdictional conflict to explain change failure. The authors’ study of the English National Health Service highlights the role of occupational dispositions in shaping how mandated role change is implemented by members of multiple occupational groups. The authors find that tension stemming from misaligned dispositions may emerge as members of different occupations interact during their role change implementation efforts. Depending on dispositional responses to tension, change may fail as members of the different occupations avoid intera
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Koseoglu, Gamze, Terry C. Blum, and Christina E. Shalley. "Gender similarity, coworker support, and job attitudes: An occupation’s creative requirement can make a difference." Journal of Management & Organization 26, no. 5 (2018): 880–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.40.

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AbstractBy introducing gender similarity as a contextual antecedent of coworker support, we examined the mediating role of coworker support for the relationship between workgroup gender similarity and job attitudes. In addition, we explored how a creative requirement, which is an occupational characteristic, can influence the relationship between coworker support and job attitudes above and beyond the role of supervisor support and organizational support. Results based on 975 full-time employees across a wide variety of occupations and industries indicated that as expected coworker support can
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Gama, Luiz Carlos Day, Ana Hermeto, and Philipe Scherrer Mendes. "Occupation mismatch in Brazilian Metropolitan Areas: comparing immigrants and natives." Economia Aplicada 26, no. 4 (2024): 461–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1980-5330/ea142223.

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We aim to study the role of labor market mismatch in the context of international migration. Mismatch employment occurs when high-skill workers are employed in occupations that do not need such education and vice versa. The results show: i) undereducation is on average lower among immigrants, while overeducation is higher among immigrants; ii) immigrants are more likely to be employed than natives; iii) mismatch is important in explaining wages; iv) there are differences in occupational mismatch effects; v) the immigrant’s place of origin is not important to explain occupation status but it is
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Scazufca, Marcia, Osvaldo P. Almeida, and Paulo R. Menezes. "The role of literacy, occupation and income in dementia prevention: the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH)." International Psychogeriatrics 22, no. 8 (2010): 1209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210001213.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Dementia is now a major public health issue in low- and middle-income countries, and strategies for primary prevention are needed. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of cases of dementia attributable to illiteracy, non-skilled occupation and low income, which are common, potentially modifiable social adversities that occur along the lifespan in low- and middle-income countries.Methods: This report is based on data from the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH) study (N = 2003). All individuals aged 65 years and older residing within pre-defined socially depriv
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Aryal, Badri, and Durga Devkota. "Intergenerational Transfer of the Farming Occupation in Male Line of Descent: Evidence from Gajuri Rural Municipality, Nepal." Journal of Agriculture and Forestry University 6, no. 1 (2025): 166–76. https://doi.org/10.3126/jafu.v6i1.79088.

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Intergenerational occupational transfer is the change in occupations adopted by the successive generations within the members of the same family. This study examined the association of farming occupation between father and the son using Nepalese data from rural context. A structured questionnaire set was used to collect information from a total of 385 father-son pairs in Gajuri rural municipality of Bagmati province of Nepal. Information was collected from the father and the senior son of the family. The quantitative information was analyzed using binary logistic regression technique and the r
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Frolek Clark, Gloria. "The occupations of literacy: Occupational therapy’s role." Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools, & Early Intervention 9, no. 1 (2016): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19411243.2016.1152835.

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Basfirinci, Cigdem, Zuhal Cilingir Uk, Sernur Karaoglu, and Kadriye Onbas. "Implicit occupational gender stereotypes: a research among Turkish university students." Gender in Management: An International Journal 34, no. 2 (2019): 157–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2018-0084.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal implicit occupational gender stereotypes for 12 different occupations in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 954 Turkish university students, this study aimed to explore which jobs are implicitly perceived to be masculine and which jobs are implicitly perceived to be feminine. The role of the respondents’ sex, the place where they grew up (metropolitan or rural) and the information level about the occupation (job title or job description) on occupational gender stereotypes were also tested. Gender stereotypes were assessed using a h
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Williams, Mark. "Occupational Stratification in Contemporary Britain: Occupational Class and the Wage Structure in the Wake of the Great Recession." Sociology 51, no. 6 (2017): 1299–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038517712936.

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Occupations traditionally played a central role in stratification accounts. In the wake of the Great Recession, debates regarding the extent and nature of occupational stratification have been reinvigorated. An exploration of occupational wage stratification patterns defined by both detailed occupational unit groups and the broader occupational class categories of the National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification (NS-SEC) reveals the proportion of wage inequality between occupations and occupational classes has remained broadly stable 1997 to 2015. No compelling evidence is found for growi
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Collatuzzo, Giulia, Federica Teglia, and Paolo Boffetta. "Role of Occupation in Shaping Cancer Disparities." Cancers 14, no. 17 (2022): 4259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14174259.

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Cancer occurrence is characterized globally by profound socioeconomic differences. Occupation is a fundamental component of socioeconomic status. In this review, we discuss the role of occupation as a determinant of cancer disparities. First, we address the issue of participation in cancer screening programs based on income, health insurance, occupational status and job title. Second, we review the role of occupation in contributing to disparities by acting as a mediator between cancer and (i) education and (ii) race/ethnicity. Lastly, we analyze data from a multicenter case−control study of l
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Muhammad Aminu Mode, Muhammad Aminu Mode, and Muhammad Zayyanu Zaki Muhammad Zayyanu Zaki. "Exploring Themes of Occupations and Job-seeking in Some Hausa Oral Songs." Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science 13, no. 3 (2025): 188–95. https://doi.org/10.35629/9467-1303188195.

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This study explores the themes of occupations and job-seeking as depicted in Hausa oral songs, focusing on the works of Mamman Shata and ƊanAnace. It examines how these songs reflect the traditional and evolving economic activities of the Hausa people, from farming and butchering to modern professions like commercial driving and freight brokering. By analysing the stanzas, the study reveals the cultural significance of various occupations, emphasising their role in economic empowerment and social identity. The research defines key terms such as theme,oral song, Hausa, occupation, and job-seeki
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Peters, Cheryl E., Paul J. Villeneuve, and Marie-Élise Parent. "Occupation as a predictor of prostate cancer screening behaviour in Canada." Journal of Medical Screening 27, no. 4 (2020): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969141320902485.

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Objectives If prostate cancer screening practices relate to occupation, this would have important implications when studying the aetiological role of workplace exposures on prostate cancer. We identified variations in screening by occupation among men in Montreal, Canada (2005–2012). Methods Prostate specific antigen testing and digital rectal examination (ever-screened and frequency of screening, previous five years) were examined among population controls from the Prostate Cancer & Environment Study. Face-to-face interviews elicited lifestyle and occupational histories. Multivariable log
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Oh, Yun taek. "The Role of Occupational Switching on Retirement of American Midlife Workers." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3539.

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Abstract An increasing number of midlife Americans are financially unprepared for retirement. This is a problem because of the increasing life expectancy that prolongs the need for financial resources. One way to resolve this problem is to postpone full retirement by having bridge jobs that provide more time to work and accumulate retirement savings. While having a bridge job means numerous labor market behavior such as working for different employers and reducing work hours and intensity, there is a limited number of studies focused specifically on how switching occupations can contribute to
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Lidwall, Ulrik. "Gender composition in occupations and branches and medically certified sick leave: a prospective population study." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 94, no. 7 (2021): 1659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-021-01672-4.

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Abstract Objective To investigate whether gender-segregated occupations and branches are associated with future medically certified sick leave for women and men. Methods All gainfully employed residents in Sweden in December 31st 2014 aged 16–69 years (n = 4 473 964) were identified in national registers. Subjects working in segregated (61–90%) and extremely segregated (> 90%) occupations and branches were evaluated v/s subjects in gender-integrated occupations and branches (40–60%). Combinations of segregation by occupation and branch were also investigated. Two-year prospective medically
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Alonso-Carrera, Jaime, Jordi Caballé, and Xavier Raurich. "INTERGENERATIONAL MOBILITY IN EDUCATION AND OCCUPATION." Macroeconomic Dynamics 24, no. 2 (2018): 291–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100518000226.

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We build a model that, according to the empirical evidence, gives rise to oscillations in wealth within a dynasty while keeping intergenerational persistence in education attainment. We propose a mechanism based on the interaction between wealth and effort as suggested by the Carnegie conjecture, according to which wealthier individuals devote less effort in their job occupations than poorer. Oscillations in wealth arise from changes in the occupation chosen by different generations of the same dynasty as a response to both inherited wealth and college premium. Our mechanism generates a rich s
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Brooks, Laura, Kim-Huong Ngan Ta, Anne F. Townsend, and Catherine L. Backman. "“I just love it”: Avid knitters describe health and well-being through occupation." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 86, no. 2 (2019): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008417419831401.

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Background. Examining craft-based occupations is necessary to explicate the relationship between occupation and well-being. Purpose. This study aimed to understand the role of knitting in the lives of passionate knitters and their experience of how knitting contributes to health, well-being, and occupational identity. Method. Principles of phenomenology guided interviews with 21 knitting-guild members (with and without health conditions) and observations at seven guild meetings as well as guided the data analysis. Eight interviewees and 24 additional guild members confirmed key findings in wri
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Acharya, Rakshya. "Occupational Shift from Agricultural to Non-Agricultural Sectors in Semi Urban Area." Journal of Education and Research 14, no. 1 (2024): 1–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51474/jer.v14i1.727.

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Despite considering agriculture as the primary economic sector, people in Nepal are rapidly moving away from this sector. Occupational shift from the traditional sector such as agriculture to the industrial sector and service sector is a global phenomenon because of modernity, urbanization, and search for comfortable life of people. People in Nepal also are abandoning agriculture as an occupation because of changing lifestyles, modernity, and national planning. As a result, the infantile industrial growth and insufficient employment generation in the service sector compelled thousands of youth
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Lee, Hung-Chang. ""What do you want to do when you grow up?" Occupational aspirations of Taiwanese preschool children." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 40, no. 1 (2012): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.1.115.

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Occupational aspirations have mainly been investigated with teenagers, high school students, and adults. Following Gottfredson's (1981, 2002) theory of circumscription and compromise, in which it is proposed that occupational aspirations originate in the preschool years, in this study the occupational aspirations of 1,044 preschool children in Taiwan were explored. Children who attended 38 kindergartens and were between the ages of 5 and 6, expressed their preferences about and gender orientations towards occupations and careers. In general, the occupations Taiwanese children said they most de
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