To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Occupied probability.
Journal articles on the topic 'Occupied probability'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Occupied probability.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bernal, Rocío, Teresa Valverde, and Laura Hernández-Rosas. "Habitat preference of the epiphyte Tillandsia recurvata (Bromeliaceae) in a semi-desert environment in Central Mexico." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 10 (2005): 1238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-076.
Full textAbstract:
Tillandsia recurvata L. is an atmospheric epiphyte that occupies tree canopies in many parts of tropical America. We investigated the host preferences of this species by analyzing its occurrence on trees in a 1-ha plot in a semi-desert environment in Mexico. Additionally, we carried out germination experiments and recorded seedling survival and growth in different microsites on the three preferred host species. Our results indicate that T. recurvata occupies the crowns of certain host species (Prosopis laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M.C. Harms, Acacia bilimekii Macbr., and Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms) with a higher frequency than expected by chance. In addition to species identity, tree size affected the probability of being occupied: small trees were occupied with lower frequencies and with lower densities than larger ones. On the other hand, distance to the nearest colonized tree was not related to the probability of a tree being occupied. Seed germination ranged from 0% to 7.5% and did not differ among the three host species tested. However, both seed germination and seedling growth were higher in the outer and upper parts of tree crowns. Given the patchy distribution of this epiphyte, we propose this system may be viewed as a metapopulation in which patch suitability varies according to host identity and size.
2
BRANCO, N. S., and CRISTIANO J. SILVA. "UNIVERSALITY CLASS FOR BOOTSTRAP PERCOLATION WITH m=3 ON THE CUBIC LATTICE." International Journal of Modern Physics C 10, no. 05 (1999): 921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183199000711.
Full textAbstract:
We study the m = 3 bootstrap percolation model on a cubic lattice, using Monte Carlo simulation and finite-size scaling techniques. In bootstrap percolation, sites on a lattice are considered occupied (present) or vacant (absent) with probability p or 1-p, respectively. Occupied sites with less than m occupied first-neighbors are then rendered unoccupied; this culling process is repeated until a stable configuration is reached. We evaluate the percolation critical probability, pc, and both scaling powers, yp and yh, and, contrary to previous calculations, our results indicate that the model belongs to the same universality class as usual percolation (i.e., m=0). The critical spanning probability, R(pc), is also numerically studied for systems with linear sizes ranging from L=32 up to L=480; the value we found, R(pc)=0.270±0.005, is the same as for usual percolation with free boundary conditions.
3
SUMOUR, M. A., M. A. RADWAN, M. M. SHABAT, and A. H. EL-ASTAL. "STATISTICAL PHYSICS APPLIED TO STONE-AGE CIVILIZATION." International Journal of Modern Physics C 22, no. 12 (2011): 1357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918311101697x.
Full textAbstract:
About 45000 years ago, symbolic and technological complexity of human artefacts increased drastically. Computer simulations of Powell, Shennan and Thomas (2009) explained it through an increase of the population density, facilitating the spread of information about useful innovations. We simplify this demographic model and make it more similar to standard physics models. For this purpose, we assume that bands (extended families) of stone-age humans were distributed randomly on a square lattice such that each lattice site is randomly occupied with probability p and empty with probability 1 - p. Information spreads randomly from an occupied site to one of its occupied neighbors. If we wait long enough, information spreads from one side of the lattice to the opposite site if and only if p is larger than the percolation threshold; this process was called "ant in the labyrinth" by de Gennes 1976. We modify it by giving the diffusing information a finite lifetime, which shifts the threshold upwards.
4
Lee, Eunghyun. "Integrability of the Multi-Species Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Processes with Long-Range Jumps on ℤ". Symmetry 16, № 9 (2024): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16091164.
Full textAbstract:
Let us consider a two-sided multi-species stochastic particle model with finitely many particles on Z, defined as follows. Suppose that each particle is labelled by a positive integer l, and waits a random time exponentially distributed with rate 1. It then chooses the right direction to jump with probability p, or the left direction with probability q=1−p. If the particle chooses the right direction, it jumps to the nearest site occupied by a particle l′<l (with the convention that an empty site is considered as a particle with labelled 0). If the particle chooses the left direction, it jumps to the next site on the left only if that site is either empty or occupied by a particle l′<l, and in the latter case, particles l and l′ swap their positions. We show that this model is integrable, and provide the exact formula of the transition probability using the Bethe ansatz.
5
Parker, Howard, Frank Rosell, and Per Øyvind Gustavsen. "Errors associated with moose-hunter counts of occupied beaver Castor fiber lodges in Norway." Fauna norvegica 22 (October 3, 2024): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/fn.v22i0.5986.
Full textAbstract:
In Norway, Sweden and Finland moose Alces alces hunting teams are often employed to survey occupied beaver (Castor fiber and C. canadensis) lodges while hunting. Results may be used to estimate population density or trend, or for issuing harvest permits. Despite the method’s increasing popularity, the errors involved have never been identified. In this study we 1) compare hunting-team counts of occupied lodges with total counts, 2) identify the sources of error between counts and 3) evaluate the method’s management potential. The study was conducted in Bø Township (266 km2), Telemark County, Norway during 1995. Hunters reported the number of occupied lodges seen daily while hunting moose (25 September - 31 October). Teams (n = 12) under-counted occupied lodges in the township by 62% because 1) the probability of observing an occupied lodge within areas actually hunted on was 0.77, 2) 37% of the moosehunting units were not hunted on and 3) 21% of the occupied lodges occurred in cultivated landscapes outside of moose-hunting units. Hunters had difficulty distinguishing between occupied and unoccupied lodges. Measures of precision and bias should be determined before using the method for practical management. Moose-hunting team surveys may be better suited for obtaining indexes of population change than estimates of occupied lodge number.
6
Siegrist, Kyle. "Optimal Occupation in the Complete Graph." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 7, no. 3 (1993): 369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800002989.
Full textAbstract:
We consider N sites (N ≤ ∞), each of which may be either occupied or unoccupied. Time is discrete, and at each time unit a set of occupied sites may attempt to capture a previously unoccupied site. The attempt will be successful with a probability that depends on the number of sites making the attempt, in which case the new site will also be occupied. A benefit is gained when new sites are occupied, but capture attempts are costly. The problem of optimal occupation is formulated as a Markov decision process in which the admissible actions are occupation strategies and the cost is a function of the strategy and the number of occupied sites. A partial order on the state-action pairs is used to obtain a comparison result for stationary policies and qualitative results concerning monotonicity of the value function for the n-stage problem (n ≤ ∞). The optimal policies are partially characterized when the cost depends on the action only through the total number of occupation attempts made.
7
Ulug, A., M. Karakaplan, and B. Ulug. "Clustering in some randomly occupied two- and three-dimensional lattices." Canadian Journal of Physics 82, no. 4 (2004): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p04-012.
Full textAbstract:
Clustering in some two- and three-dimensional lattices is investigated using an algorithm similar to that of HoshenKopelman. The total number of clusters reveals a maximum at an occupation probability, pmax, where the average cluster size, 2.03 ± 0.07, is found to be independent of the size, dimension, coordination number, and the type of lattice. We discussed the fact that the clustering effectively begins at pmax. The percolation threshold, pc, and pmax are found to get closer to each other as the coordination number increases. PACS Nos.: 64.60.Ht, 64.60.Qb, 82.30.Nr
8
Naoi, Michio, and Kazuto Sumita. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 13, no. 2 (2010): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100122.
Full textAbstract:
The relationships between seismic risk and rental and owner- occupied housing prices in the whole of Japan are examined . The empirical results from hedonic regressions with earthquake risk indices suggest that: (1) earthquake occurrence probability has a significantly negative effect on monthly housing rent, (2) the effect of earthquake probability seems to depend on the characteristics of the individual housing unit (e.g. age of dwelling) for owner-occupied housing, (3) the estimated risk premium is much larger for older buildings, and (4) the share of quake-resistant dwellings in the neighborhood area is significantly and positively related to the housing price of the individual unit. These results suggest that anti-seismic policies that target specific groups of dwellings, such as rental houses and older buildings, help to mitigate welfare loss due to earthquakes.
9
Lipczynska, Aleksandra, Mariya P. Bivolarova, Linxuan Guo, Wojciech Kierat, and Arsen K. Melikov. "Airborne infection probability in relation of room air distribution: an experimental investigation." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235605014.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to investigate the importance of room air distribution in airborne cross-infection. Tracer gas measurements were performed in a field lab arranged as an office with two breathing thermal manikins. The room was ventilated with a mixing air distribution operating at a constant supply airflow rate of 60 L/s (4 ACH) under different air discharge scenarios: 2-way, 3-way and 4-way. Room air temperature was kept at 22.0±0.2°C. Respiratory-generated airborne pathogens were simulated by N2O dosed into the exhaled air of the manikin acting like an infected person. The N2O concentration was measured in the inhaled air of the second manikin (simulating susceptible person), exhaust and occupied zone. Measured values were used to calculate infection probability by modified Wells-Riley method. The infection probability in the occupied zone depended on the air discharge scenario. The highest infection probability of 2.9-3.9% was obtained in the inhaled air of the exposed manikin in all experimental cases. The results reveal that room air distribution is of major importance for airborne cross-infection. Therefore, during ventilation design and operation, air distribution should be carefully considered in practice. Infection probability calculated using original Wells-Riley method was underestimated compared to values obtained through measurements.
10
Fyson, Vincent K., and Gabriel Blouin-Demers. "Effects of landscape composition on wetland occupancy by Blanding’s Turtles (Emydoidea blandingii) as determined by environmental DNA and visual surveys." Canadian Journal of Zoology 99, no. 8 (2021): 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2021-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Habitat loss and degradation have led to the extinction of many species worldwide. The endangered Blanding’s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii (Holbrook, 1838)), a semi-aquatic freshwater turtle, occupies a wide range of wetlands and landscapes primarily in southeastern Canada and the Great Lakes region of the United States. We explored whether the probability of wetland occupancy by Blanding’s Turtles is affected by the surrounding landscape. We used visual surveys, environmental DNA, and Atlas data to document the presence of Blanding’s Turtles in wetlands in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We tabulated landscape composition at multiple scales surrounding the wetlands to determine whether landscape composition can predict wetland occupancy. Generally, wetlands surrounded by forest and other undisturbed lands were most likely to harbour Blanding’s Turtles, whereas those surrounded by more human-disturbed lands were least likely to harbour Blanding’s Turtles. Larger wetlands and a high proportion of wetlands in the surrounding landscape also increased the probability of occupancy by Blanding’s Turtles. Finally, older wetlands were more likely to be occupied by Blanding’s Turtles. The ability to estimate a species’ probability of occupancy can aid in conservation efforts, such as critical habitat delineation.
11
O'Hely, Martin, and Aidan Sudbury. "The annihilating process." Journal of Applied Probability 38, no. 1 (2001): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/996986655.
Full textAbstract:
An annihilating process is an interacting particle system in which the only interaction is that a particle may kill a neighbouring particle. Since there is no birth and no movement, once a particle has no neighbours its site remains occupied for ever. It is shown that with initial configuration ℤ the distribution of particles at all times is a renewal process and that the probability that a site remains occupied for all time tends to 1/e. Time-dependent behaviour is also calculated for the tree 𝕋r.
12
Harris, Julianne E., Gregory S. Silver, Jeffrey C. Jolley, R. D. Nelle, and Timothy A. Whitesel. "A Stepwise Approach to Assess the Occupancy State of Larval Lampreys in Streams." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 11, no. 1 (2019): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/112018-jfwm-107.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus is an ecologically and culturally important anadromous species of conservation concern for which fisheries managers use information on occupancy state in streams to assess species status and inform stream management decisions. Here we developed a stepwise approach that incorporates the potential for nondetection and a preselected expected maximum probability of stream occupancy if field crews do not document larval Pacific Lamprey during sampling. Our approach includes seven steps: define the occupancy question; select the maximum acceptable probability of occupancy, if the species is not documented during sampling; define an assumed detection probability for the target organism; calculate required sampling effort; select sampling units; conduct sampling; and interpret sampling results into probabilistic occupancy conclusions. We examined detection probability of our approach for larval lamprey using data from multiple occupied streams in the Pacific Northwest. We illustrated our approach by evaluating Balm Grove Dam as a barrier to Pacific Lamprey migration in Gales Creek, Oregon. Bayesian estimates of detection probability in occupied streams ranged from 0.15 to 0.94, with an overall median of 0.70 (95% credible interval: 0.60–0.79). Assuming detection probability is at least 0.15 (i.e., lowest estimate), 19 reaches are required for the expected maximum probability of occupancy to be not more than 0.05, if the species is not documented through our sampling approach. Although detected downstream, we detected no larvae upstream of Balm Grove Dam; thus, we conclude that the maximum probability of occupancy upstream of Balm Grove Dam was not more than 0.05 at an assumed detection probability of 0.4, suggesting the dam as a barrier to adult migration. We provide an occupancy assessment tool with standardized sampling requirements that incorporates the potential for nondetection and the flexibility to select an expected maximum probability of occupancy if researchers document no larvae, to aid management and restoration in a single stream.
13
Sohn, Eunju, and Charles Knessl. "The distribution of wasted spaces in the M/M/∞ queue with ranked servers." Advances in Applied Probability 40, no. 3 (2008): 835–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1222868188.
Full textAbstract:
We consider the M/M/∞ queue with m primary servers and infinitely many secondary servers. All the servers are numbered and ordered. An arriving customer takes the lowest available server. We define the wasted spaces as the difference between the highest numbered occupied server and the total number of occupied servers. Letting ρ = λ0/μ be the ratio of arrival to service rates, we study the probability distribution of the wasted spaces asymptotically for ρ → ∞. We also give some numerical results and the tail behavior for ρ = O(1).
14
Sohn, Eunju, and Charles Knessl. "The distribution of wasted spaces in the M/M/∞ queue with ranked servers." Advances in Applied Probability 40, no. 03 (2008): 835–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800002810.
Full textAbstract:
We consider the M/M/∞ queue with m primary servers and infinitely many secondary servers. All the servers are numbered and ordered. An arriving customer takes the lowest available server. We define the wasted spaces as the difference between the highest numbered occupied server and the total number of occupied servers. Letting ρ = λ0/μ be the ratio of arrival to service rates, we study the probability distribution of the wasted spaces asymptotically for ρ → ∞. We also give some numerical results and the tail behavior for ρ = O(1).
15
O'Hely, Martin, and Aidan Sudbury. "The annihilating process." Journal of Applied Probability 38, no. 01 (2001): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200018623.
Full textAbstract:
An annihilating process is an interacting particle system in which the only interaction is that a particle may kill a neighbouring particle. Since there is no birth and no movement, once a particle has no neighbours its site remains occupied for ever. It is shown that with initial configuration ℤ the distribution of particles at all times is a renewal process and that the probability that a site remains occupied for all time tends to 1/e. Time-dependent behaviour is also calculated for the tree 𝕋 r .
16
Bowes, G. G., A. G. Thomas, D. P. Peschken, D. W. Douglas, and D. T. Spurr. "Habitats occupied by scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat) in Saskatchewan." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 2 (1994): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-073.
Full textAbstract:
Three agricultural regions in Saskatchewan, known to be affected by scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat), were surveyed between 1984 and 1988 to measure abundance and identify habitats occupied by the weed. A modified cover-abundance rating scale was used to rate the ground cover of the weed in various habitats. The habitats were grouped into annual crops, field depressions, transition areas and slough margins. Overall, the predicted probability of an area being free of scentless chamomile decreased in the following order of habitats: annual crops, transition areas, field depressions and slough margins. Three of these habitats, annual crop, field depressions and slough margins, occur along a gradient of increasing soil moisture and decreasing farm use. Key words: Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata, habitat
17
Jensen, Timothy, and Jason C. Vokoun. "Using multistate occupancy estimation to model habitat use in difficult-to-sample watersheds: bridle shiner in a low-gradient swampy stream." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, no. 10 (2013): 1429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0011.
Full textAbstract:
We used multiseason, multistate patch occupancy models to investigate habitat use of a regionally rare minnow (bridle shiner, Notropis bifrenatus) within a difficult-to-sample, swampy stream system by defining occupancy states as coarse abundance categories (i.e., none, some, many). Habitat patches were repeatedly subsampled during three sampling periods spanning June to August 2011 using a nonstandard purse-and-lift method with a seine net, as poorly defined shorelines, unconsolidated substrate, and emergent vegetation limited beaching and restricted possible sampling locations. Detection probabilities increased from June to August, likely due to increasing catch per effort as age 0 became vulnerable to the gear, supported by the probability of detection being greater when the species was at high abundance, given occupancy. The probability of a habitat patch being occupied increased with the percent of macrophyte cover and decreased with increasing distance from another occupied patch. Decreasing mean depth showed a weak relationship to high abundance, given a patch was occupied. In summary, the multistate occupancy analytical approach was highly informative for developing quantitative habitat relationships and was seen as an effective framework for evaluating habitat use of aquatic organisms that inhabit environments inherently difficult to sample for which imperfect detection and sampling efficiency are of concern.
18
Coffman, E. G., A. A. Pukhalskii, and M. I. Reiman. "Storage-Limited Queues in Heavy Traffic." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 5, no. 4 (1991): 499–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800002254.
Full textAbstract:
This paper models primary computer storage in the context of a general (GI/GI/l) queueing system. Queued items are described by sizes, or storage requirements, as well as by arrival and service times; the sum of the sizes of the items in the system is the occupied storage. Capacity constraints are represented by two different protocols for determining whether an arriving item is admitted to the system: (1) an item is accepted if and only if at its arrival time the currently occupied storage does not exceed a given constantC> 0, and (2) an item is accepted if and only if at its arrival time the occupied storage is at mostC, and the occupied storage plus the item's size is at mostC(l + ε) for some given ε > 0. We prove for both systems that in heavy traffic the occupied storage, suitably normalized, converges weakly to reflected Brownian motion with boundaries at 0 and atC. A distinctive feature of the proof is the characterization of reflected Brownian motion as a limit of unrestricted penalized processes.These results make more plausible an earlier conjecture of the authors, i.e., that one obtains the same heavy traffic limit when the admission rule is: accept an item if and only if at its arrival time the occupied storage plus the item's size is no greater thanC.
19
Roughton, Catherine M., and Philip J. Seddon. "Estimating site occupancy and detectability of an endangered New Zealand lizard, the Otago skink (Oligosoma otagense)." Wildlife Research 33, no. 3 (2006): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05045.
Full textAbstract:
There is a need to develop appropriate monitoring methods for cryptic reptile species, such as the endangered New Zealand endemic Otago skink (Oligosoma otagense), that take into account incomplete detectability. A recently developed analytical technique was applied to presence–absence data for Otago skinks to derive robust estimates of both detection probability and site occupancy. The estimated detection probability for Otago skinks was 0.4 (s.e. 0.052), and the estimate of the proportion of the study area occupied by Otago skinks was 0.71 (s.e. 0.11). The data derived from presence–absence surveys in consistently sunny weather, with a standardised scanning and searching technique, provided a good basis for robust estimates of detection probability and of the percentage of area occupied by skinks. This survey technique could be applied to other similarly cryptic reptile species to derive rigorous estimates of site occupancy in order to track changes over time or in response to management interventions. It will be particularly appropriate where precise estimation of absolute abundance is not warranted, or where a simple index of relative abundance may be invalid due to failure of the implicit assumption of constant detectability.
20
Sopin, Eduard, and Konstantin Samouylov. "On the analysis of the limited resources queuing system under MAP arrivals." ITM Web of Conferences 16 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20181601008.
Full textAbstract:
In the paper, we analyse a multiserver queuing system with discrete limited resources and random resource requirements under MAP arrivals, which can adequately model resource allocation schemes in the contemporary wireless networks. The equilibrium system of equations is derived in the vector form and is solved numerically. With stationary probability distribution, we provide formulas for the average and the variance of the occupied resources, as well as for the blocking probability. The results are illustrated by a numerical example.
21
COWEN, LENORE, and RUDOLPH MATHAR. "The Offset Problem." Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 6, no. 2 (1997): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548397002988.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is concerned with the analysis of locally time-synchronized slot systems for broadcast in packet radio networks. Local synchronization has been proposed in practice as less expensive than global synchronization over very wide areas, or over mobile networks. In the case of two locally coordinated groups of stations, under the assumption that the phase shift on the clocks between the two groups is random, it is shown that the probability of no collision is maximized when occupied slots within each group are chosen consecutively, regardless of the number of total slots, or the number of occupied slots in either group.
22
Simonian, A., J. W. Roberts, F. Théberge, and R. Mazumdar. "Asymptotic Estimates for Blocking Probabilities in a Large Multi-Rate Loss Network." Advances in Applied Probability 29, no. 3 (1997): 806–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1428086.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, asymptotic estimates for the blocking probability of a call pertaining to a given route in a large multi-rate circuit-switched network are given. Concentrating on low load and critical load conditions, these estimates are essentially derived by using probability change techniques applied to the distribution of the number of occupied links. Such estimates for blocking probabilities are also given a uniform expression applicable to both load regimes. This uniform expression is numerically validated via simple examples.
23
Simonian, A., J. W. Roberts, F. Théberge, and R. Mazumdar. "Asymptotic Estimates for Blocking Probabilities in a Large Multi-Rate Loss Network." Advances in Applied Probability 29, no. 03 (1997): 806–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800028342.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, asymptotic estimates for the blocking probability of a call pertaining to a given route in a large multi-rate circuit-switched network are given. Concentrating on low load and critical load conditions, these estimates are essentially derived by using probability change techniques applied to the distribution of the number of occupied links. Such estimates for blocking probabilities are also given a uniform expression applicable to both load regimes. This uniform expression is numerically validated via simple examples.
24
Uher-Koch, Brian D., Kenneth G. Wright, Hannah R. Uher-Koch, and Joel A. Schmutz. "Effects of Fish Populations on Pacific Loon (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed Loon (G. adamsii) Lake Occupancy and Chick Production in Northern Alaska." ARCTIC 73, no. 4 (2020): 450–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic71533.
Full textAbstract:

 Predator populations are vulnerable to changes in prey distribution or availability. With warming temperatures, lake ecosystems in the Arctic are predicted to change in terms of hydrologic flow, water levels, and connectivity with other lakes. We surveyed lakes in northern Alaska to understand how shifts in the distribution or availability of fish may affect the occupancy and breeding success of Pacific (Gavia pacifica) and Yellow-billed Loons (G. adamsii). We then modeled the influence of the presence and abundance of five fish species and the physical characteristics of lakes (e.g., hydrologic connectivity) on loon lake occupancy and chick production. The presence of Alaska blackfish (Dallia pectoralis) had a positive influence on Pacific Loon occupancy and chick production, which suggests that small-bodied fish species provide important prey for loon chicks. No characteristics of fish species abundance affected Yellow-billed Loon lake occupancy. Instead, Yellow-billed Loon occupancy was influenced by the physical characteristics of lakes that contribute to persistent fish populations, such as the size of the lake and the proportion of the lake that remained unfrozen over winter. Neither of these variables, however, influenced chick production. The probability of an unoccupied territory becoming occupied in a subsequent year by Yellow-billed Loons was low, and no loon chicks were successfully raised in territories that were previously unoccupied. In contrast, unoccupied territories had a much higher probability of becoming occupied by Pacific Loons, which suggests that Yellow-billed Loons have strict habitat requirements and suitable breeding lakes may be limited. Territories that were occupied had high probabilities of remaining occupied for both loon species.
25
Grishechkin, Sergei. "Inequalities for multinomial allocations with application to DNA fingerprinting." Journal of Applied Probability 35, no. 3 (1998): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/jap/1032265218.
Full textAbstract:
We consider an allocation of n balls into N cells according to probabilities pi. Assuming that the balls are allocated successively, denote by φ(n,N) the number of such balls which go into an already occupied cell. If n = 2 the probability that two balls will occupy the same cell is equal to the so-called match probability MP = p21 + … + p2N. An upper estimate for the probability ℙ(φ(n,N) ≤ m) which depends only on n and MP is derived. Such inequalities are important for estimation of the reliability of DNA fingerprinting, a new method of crime investigation which is currently much debated.
26
Gandolfi, A., M. Keane, and L. Russo. "On the Uniqueness of the Infinite Occupied Cluster in Dependent Two- Dimensional Site Percolation." Annals of Probability 16, no. 3 (1988): 1147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/aop/1176991681.
Full text
27
Song, InChan. "Enhanced Pulse Protocol RFID Reader Anti-collision Algorithm using Slot Occupied Probability in Dense Reader Environment." KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems 2, no. 6 (2008): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2008.06.002.
Full text
28
Valente, Jonathon J., Lindsay J. Adrean, S. Kim Nelson, Matthew G. Betts, Daniel D. Roby, and James W. Rivers. "Presence-absence surveys yield spatially imprecise information about nesting sites of an endangered, forest-nesting seabird." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0315531. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315531.
Full textAbstract:
Presence-absence surveys are frequently used to monitor populations of rare and elusive species. Such data may also be used as a proxy for breeding activity, but links between presence-absence data and higher-order processes must be validated to determine their reliability. The Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus) is a threatened seabird that nests in older-aged forests along the Pacific Coast. Its nests are exceptionally difficult to find, so we tested whether presence-absence surveys can help identify nesting sites. Between 2018 and 2022 we located 17 trees containing active murrelet nests in the Oregon Coast Range (USA) and 38 trees that purportedly contained no active nests (26 in occupied murrelet stands and 12 in unoccupied stands). Observers surveyed within 200 m of focal trees using standard presence-absence surveys, and we modeled the effects of site status (active nest or control) and distance from the focal tree on probability of recording murrelets. We never detected murrelets in unoccupied control sites. We found some evidence that the probability of recording presence was higher at active nesting sites (0.81, 95% CI: 0.71, 0.88) than at occupied control sites (0.71, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.78) although a null model had similar support. The probability of recording murrelet breeding behaviors in nesting and occupied control sites was 0.20 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.27) regardless of distance to a known active nest. These results suggest that presence-absence surveys may be useful for identifying plausible murrelet nesting habitat, but they are ineffective for identifying active nesting sites. Moreover, we estimated that 20 repeated surveys at a point in space are required to reasonably conclude there are no active nesting sites within 200 m. These findings serve as an important reminder of the limitations that can come with relying on presence-absence data alone to identify breeding sites.
29
Gindaba, Alemu Gurmessa, Menberu Mengesha Woldemariam, Senbeto Kena Etana, and Sampandam Elangovan. "Thermodynamic Properties of GaAs Solid Materials Extended to Surface Adsorption under External Magnetic Fields, Pressure, and Temperature." Materials Science Forum 1119 (March 29, 2024): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k6exqf.
Full textAbstract:
This research work instrumentalizes comprehensively the impacts of independent parameters like surface pressure, external magnetic field, and temperature on statistical thermodynamic quantities free energy, magnetization, occupied surface fraction, and equilibrium length. We approached it differently from a theoretical investigation conducted dealt with the behavioral dependence of surface parameters. Our mechanism was to investigate the interrelation between two dependent variables under exposure to two or more different independent parameters. Thus it seems complicated but it is used to probe surface information from the system at the same pace. We investigated the thermal excitation effect that leads to the detachment of the electron gas in contact with each occupied surface site, which reduces the adsorption of the surface in contrary external magnetic fields and pressure enhances the occupied surface probability of electrons to contact surface sites. Our findings reveal that the solid GaAs surface tends to capture electrons under the influences of external magnetic fields and pressure thus binding electrons and putting additional confining potential meanwhile the surface properties are affected. On the other hand surface, free energy has an inverse relation with magnetization, occupied surface fraction, in the case of equilibrium length it depended on the strong external magnetic fields.
30
Grishechkin, Sergei. "Inequalities for multinomial allocations with application to DNA fingerprinting." Journal of Applied Probability 35, no. 03 (1998): 707–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200016351.
Full textAbstract:
We consider an allocation ofnballs intoNcells according to probabilitiespi. Assuming that the balls are allocated successively, denote by φ(n,N) the number of such balls which go into an already occupied cell. Ifn= 2 the probability that two balls will occupy the same cell is equal to the so-called match probabilityMP=p21+ … +p2N. An upper estimate for the probability ℙ(φ(n,N) ≤m) which depends only onnandMPis derived. Such inequalities are important for estimation of the reliability of DNA fingerprinting, a new method of crime investigation which is currently much debated.
31
Heard, Geoffrey W., Peter Robertson, and Michael P. Scroggie. "Assessing detection probabilities for the endangered growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) in southern Victoria." Wildlife Research 33, no. 7 (2006): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr04080.
Full textAbstract:
Assessment of the efficacy of survey techniques for determining species occurrence is crucial for the validation of wildlife survey data. We analysed repeated site-survey data for adults and larvae of the growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) in order to estimate probabilities of detection for the species using alternative survey techniques. The estimated probability of detecting adults of L. raniformis at occupied sites using diurnal searches was much less than 1.0 (0.107; 95% credible interval: 0.045, 0.192). The estimated probability of detecting adults using nocturnal spotlight searches was considerably higher, but still less than 1.0 (0.696; 95% credible interval: 0.585, 0.796). These results indicate that nocturnal searches are a much more efficient and reliable means of detecting the presence of adult L. raniformis than diurnal searches, but detection using either technique is less than certain. The probability of detecting tadpoles of L. raniformis using either funnel-trapping or dip-netting techniques was estimated at 0.350 (95% credible interval: 0.151, 0.567). Together, these results indicate that reliance on single-site visits during surveys for this species is likely to result in severe under-estimation of the proportion of sites that are actually occupied. We urge other workers to use repeated site-survey data and appropriate methods of data analysis to assess and report probabilities of detection when documenting the results of wildlife surveys.
32
Tikhonenko, Oleg, and Wojciech M. Kempa. "Performance evaluation of an M/G/n-type queue with bounded capacity and packet dropping." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 26, no. 4 (2016): 841–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2016-0060.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract A queueing system of the M/G/n-type, n ≥ 1, with a bounded total volume is considered. It is assumed that the volumes of the arriving packets are generally distributed random variables. Moreover, the AQM-type mechanism is used to control the actual buffer state: each of the arriving packets is dropped with a probability depending on its volume and the occupied volume of the system at the pre-arrival epoch. The explicit formulae for the stationary queue-size distribution and the loss probability are found. Numerical examples illustrating theoretical formulae are given as well.
33
Kendall, Wilfrid S. "On the empty cells of Poisson histograms." Journal of Applied Probability 30, no. 3 (1993): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3214766.
Full textAbstract:
This paper considers the histogram of unit cell size built up from m independent observations on a Poisson (μ) distribution. The following question is addressed: what is the limiting probability of the event that there are no unoccupied cells lying to the left of occupied cells of the histogram? It is shown that the probability of there being no such isolated empty cells (or isolated finite groups of empty cells) tends to unity as the number m of observations tends to infinity, but that the corresponding almost sure convergence fails. Moreover this probability does not tend to unity when the Poisson distribution is replaced by the negative binomial distribution arising when μ is randomized by a gamma distribution. The relevance to empirical Bayes statistical methods is discussed.
34
Kendall, Wilfrid S. "On the empty cells of Poisson histograms." Journal of Applied Probability 30, no. 03 (1993): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200044314.
Full textAbstract:
This paper considers the histogram of unit cell size built up from m independent observations on a Poisson (μ) distribution. The following question is addressed: what is the limiting probability of the event that there are no unoccupied cells lying to the left of occupied cells of the histogram? It is shown that the probability of there being no such isolated empty cells (or isolated finite groups of empty cells) tends to unity as the number m of observations tends to infinity, but that the corresponding almost sure convergence fails. Moreover this probability does not tend to unity when the Poisson distribution is replaced by the negative binomial distribution arising when μ is randomized by a gamma distribution. The relevance to empirical Bayes statistical methods is discussed.
35
McVinish, R., and P. K. Pollett. "Limits of large metapopulations with patch-dependent extinction probabilities." Advances in Applied Probability 42, no. 4 (2010): 1172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1239/aap/1293113156.
Full textAbstract:
We propose a model for the presence/absence of a population in a collection of habitat patches. This model assumes that colonisation and extinction of the patches occur as distinct phases. Importantly, the local extinction probabilities are allowed to vary between patches. This permits an investigation of the effect of habitat degradation on the persistence of the population. The limiting behaviour of the model is examined as the number of habitat patches increases to ∞. This is done in the case where the number of patches and the initial number of occupied patches increase at the same rate, and for the case where the initial number of occupied patches remains fixed.
36
Iksanov, Alexander, Wissem Jedidi, and Fethi Bouzeffour. "A law of the iterated logarithm for the number of occupied boxes in the Bernoulli sieve." Statistics & Probability Letters 126 (July 2017): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2017.03.017.
Full text
37
Do Amaral, Charles S., and Diogo C. Dos Santos. "Density and Correlation in a Random Sequential Adsorption Model." Markov Processes And Related Fields, no. 2023 №5 (29) (March 9, 2024): 695–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.61102/1024-2953-mprf.2023.29.5.005.
Full textAbstract:
We consider the random sequential adsorption process on the one- dimensional lattice with nearest-neighbor exclusion. In this model, each site s 2 Z starts empty and a particle will be deposited in it at time ts, where (ts)s2Z is a sequence of independent random variables uniformly distributed on the interval [0; 1]. The site will be occupied if both of its neighbors are vacant. Analytical expressions for the density of occupied sites and the pair correlation function, for all time t, are well-established and have been obtained through methods such as generating functions and differential equations. In this study, we present a method based on probabilistic arguments for the calculation of these expressions.
38
Fandos, Guillermo, Marc Kéry, Luis Santiago Cano-Alonso, Isidoro Carbonell, and Tellerıa José Luis. "Dynamic multistate occupancy modeling to evaluate population dynamics under a scenario of preferential sampling." Ecosphere 12, no. 4 (2021): e03469. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15024804.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract</strong> Effective conservation of animal populations depends on the availability of reliable data derived from rigorous monitoring protocols, which allows us to assess trends and understand the processes they are governed by. Nevertheless, population monitoring schemes are hampered by multiple sources of errors resulting from specific logistical and survey constraints. Two common complications are the non-visitation of some sites in certain years and preferential sampling (PS), that is, the tendency to survey “better” sites disproportionately more often. Both factors can lead to serious biases unless accommodated into models. We used 22 yr of nest-monitoring data to develop a dynamic multistate occupancy model, including a PS component to investigate occupancy and reproduction dynamics in a peripheral Black Stork (<em>Ciconia nigra</em>) population in Spain. We analyzed the effects of climate and nesting substrate (tree vs. cliff) on population dynamics and accounted for PS and non-visitation biases using a model that distinguished three territorial states: unoccupied, occupied without, or occupied with successful reproduction. We found strong evidence for positive PS, and when accounting for this bias, lower population size estimates were generated. Black stork nests had a high probability of remaining in the same state from one year to the next, with successful nests more likely to be occupied again and to be successful the following year than occupied but unsuccessful or unoccupied nests. Nesting substrate and spring precipitation did not influence state transition probabilities or the probability of reproductive success; nevertheless, cliff nest occupancy was overall higher than tree nest occupancy. Our results highlight the importance of correcting for non-visitation and PS in habitat occupancy models. If these potential biasing effects are not accounted for, inferences of population size may be overestimate. Multistate occupancy models with correction for PS offer a powerful analytical framework for data collected as part of population studies of unmarked animals. These models compensate for common methodological biases in biological surveys and can help implement efficient conservation strategies based on robust population dynamics estimates.
39
Möhle, Martin. "A restaurant process with cocktail bar and relations to the three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distribution." Journal of Applied Probability 58, no. 4 (2021): 978–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2021.10.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn addition to the features of the two-parameter Chinese restaurant process (CRP), the restaurant under consideration has a cocktail bar and hence allows for a wider range of (bar and table) occupancy mechanisms. The model depends on three real parameters, $\alpha$ , $\theta_1$ , and $\theta_2$ , fulfilling certain conditions. Results known for the two-parameter CRP are carried over to this model. We study the number of customers at the cocktail bar, the number of customers at each table, and the number of occupied tables after n customers have entered the restaurant. For $\alpha>0$ the number of occupied tables, properly scaled, is asymptotically three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distributed as n tends to infinity. We provide representations for the two- and three-parameter Mittag–Leffler distribution leading to efficient random number generators for these distributions. The proofs draw heavily from methods known for exchangeable random partitions, martingale methods known for generalized Pólya urns, and results known for the two-parameter CRP.
40
Adcock, Zachary C., Michelle E. Adcock, and Michael R. J. Forstner. "Development and validation of an environmental DNA assay to detect federally threatened groundwater salamanders in central Texas." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (2023): e0288282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288282.
Full textAbstract:
The molecular detection of DNA fragments that are shed into the environment (eDNA) has become an increasingly applied tool used to inventory biological communities and to perform targeted species surveys. This method is particularly useful in habitats where it is difficult or not practical to visually detect or trap the target organisms. Central Texas Eurycea salamanders inhabit both surface and subterranean aquatic environments. Subterranean surveys are challenging or infeasible, and the detection of salamander eDNA in water samples is an appealing survey technique for these situations. Here, we develop and validate an eDNA assay using quantitative PCR for E. chisholmensis, E. naufragia, and E. tonkawae. These three species are federally threatened and constitute the Septentriomolge clade that occurs in the northern segment of the Edwards Aquifer. First, we validated the specificity of the assay in silico and with DNA extracted from tissue samples of both target Septentriomolge and non-target amphibians that overlap in distribution. Then, we evaluated the sensitivity of the assay in two controls, one with salamander-positive water and one at field sites known to be occupied by Septentriomolge. For the salamander-positive control, the estimated probability of eDNA occurrence (ψ) was 0.981 (SE = 0.019), and the estimated probability of detecting eDNA in a qPCR replicate (p) was 0.981 (SE = 0.011). For the field control, the estimated probability of eDNA occurring at a site (ψ) was 0.938 (95% CRI: 0.714–0.998). The estimated probability of collecting eDNA in a water sample (θ) was positively correlated with salamander relative density and ranged from 0.371 (95% CRI: 0.201–0.561) to 0.999 (95% CRI: 0.850– > 0.999) among sampled sites. Therefore, sites with low salamander density require more water samples for eDNA evaluation, and we determined that our site with the lowest estimated θ would require seven water samples for the cumulative collection probability to exceed 0.95. The estimated probability of detecting eDNA in a qPCR replicate (p) was 0.882 (95% CRI: 0.807–0.936), and our assay required two qPCR replicates for the cumulative detection probability to exceed 0.95. In complementary visual encounter surveys, the estimated probability of salamanders occurring at a known-occupied site was 0.905 (SE = 0.096), and the estimated probability of detecting salamanders in a visual encounter survey was 0.925 (SE = 0.052). We additionally discuss future research needed to refine this method and understand its limitations before practical application and incorporation into formal survey protocols for these taxa.
41
Coffman, E. G., L. Flatto, I. Mitrani, L. A. Shepp, and C. Knessl. "Stochastic Models of Queue Storage." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 2, no. 1 (1988): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800000644.
Full textAbstract:
We study a model of queue storage in which items (requests for single units of storage) arrive in a Poisson stream and are accommodated by the first available location in a linear scan of storage. The processing times of items are independent, exponentially distributed random variables. The set of occupied locations (identified by their indices) at time t forms a random subset Si, of [1,2,.…]. The extent of the fragmentation in Si, i.e., the alternating holes and occupied regions of storage, is measured by Wt, = max St, – |St|.
42
ASHKENAZY, Y., and I. KELSON. "SITE AND INTERACTION DEPENDENCE OF NUCLEAR STIMULATED DESORPTION FROM STRUCTURED SURFACES." Surface Review and Letters 06, no. 05 (1999): 613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x99000573.
Full textAbstract:
Molecular dynamics calculations of low energy Nuclear Stimulated Desorption (NSD) of 107 Cd from a palladium substrate are presented. The characteristics of the desorption probability are shown to be related both to the site occupied by the 107 Cd and to the adsorbate–substrate interaction. The quantitative implications of the theoretical calculations to a specific experimental scenario are discussed, based on preliminary measurements of 107 Cd desorption from palladium.
43
Polin, Evgeny P., Svetlana P. Moiseeva, and Alexander N. Moiseev. "Heterogeneous queueing system with Markov renewal arrivals and service times dependent on states of arrival process." Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science 31, no. 2 (2023): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2658-4670-2023-31-2-105-119.
Full textAbstract:
In the proposed work, we consider a heterogeneous queueing system with a Markov renewal process and an unlimited number of servers. The service time for requests on the servers is a positive random variable with an exponential probability distribution. The service parameters depend on the state of the Markov chain nested over the renewal moments. It should be noted that these parameters do not change their values until the end of maintenance. Thus, the devices in the system under consideration are heterogeneous. The object of the study is a multidimensional random process - the number of servers of each type being served with different intensities in the stationary regime. The method of asymptotic analysis under the condition of equivalent growing of service times in the units of servers is applied for the study. The method of asymptotic analysis is implemented in the construction of a sequence of asymptotic of increasing order, in which the asymptotic of the first order determines the asymptotic mean value of the number of occupied servers. The second-order asymptotic allows one to construct a Gaussian approximation of the probability distribution of the number of occupied servers in the system. It is shown that this approximation coincides with the Gaussian distribution.
44
Tamaki, Mitsushi. "Adaptive approach to some stopping problems." Journal of Applied Probability 22, no. 3 (1985): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3213867.
Full textAbstract:
This paper mainly considers the adaptive version of two typical stopping problems, i.e., the parking problem and the secretary problem with refusal. In the first problem, while driving towards a destination, we observe the successive parking places and note whether or not they are occupied. Unoccupied spaces are assumed to occur independently, with probability p. The second problem is to select the best applicant from a population, where each applicant refuses an offer with probability 1 – p. We assume beta prior for p in advance. As time progresses, we update our belief for p in a Bayesian manner based on the observed states of the process. We derive several monotonicity properties of the value function and characterize the optimal strategy in either problem. We also attempt to relax the same probability condition in the classical parking problem.
45
Tamaki, Mitsushi. "Adaptive approach to some stopping problems." Journal of Applied Probability 22, no. 03 (1985): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021900200029399.
Full textAbstract:
This paper mainly considers the adaptive version of two typical stopping problems, i.e., the parking problem and the secretary problem with refusal. In the first problem, while driving towards a destination, we observe the successive parking places and note whether or not they are occupied. Unoccupied spaces are assumed to occur independently, with probability p. The second problem is to select the best applicant from a population, where each applicant refuses an offer with probability 1 – p. We assume beta prior for p in advance. As time progresses, we update our belief for p in a Bayesian manner based on the observed states of the process. We derive several monotonicity properties of the value function and characterize the optimal strategy in either problem. We also attempt to relax the same probability condition in the classical parking problem.
46
Chandrasekhar, K., Dr Hamsapriye, and V. K. Lakshmeesha. "Analysis of Pisarenko Harmonic Distortion (PHD) based subNyquist rate spectrum sensing for broadband Cognitive Radio." Defence Science Journal 67, no. 1 (2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.67.9770.
Full textAbstract:
The essential part of Cognitive Radio (CR) is spectrum sensing, so that the underutilized spectrum could be detected to improve the spectrum efficiency. For this purpose, a wide range of frequency bands are considered and locations of multiple occupied spectrum subbands are focused. A major challenge related with such broadband spectrum sensing is that it is either extravagant or impracticable to perform Nyquist sampling on the broadband signal. In this study, a broadband spectrum sensing method, that takes advantage of subNyquist sampling wherein the sampling rate is considerably reduced. The correlation matrix of a limited number of noisy samples is computed and is used to estimate the frequency function of the PHD method to detect the occupied and unoccupied channels. The salient feature of this approach as compared to other methods is that, no prior knowledge of signal properties (which would lead to uncertainly problems) is necessary. Further, the efficiency of this method is assessed by calculating the detection probability of the occupied channel as a function of the limited number of samples and the signal to noise ratio of random input signals. The simulation results demonstrate a reliable detection, even with limited samples and a low SNR.
47
Jalali, Assad, and Alan G. Hawkes. "Generalised eigenproblems arising in aggregated markov processes allowing for time interval omission." Advances in Applied Probability 24, no. 2 (1992): 302–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1427694.
Full textAbstract:
We consider a continuous-time Markov chain in which one cannot observe individual states but only which of two sets of states is occupied at any time. Furthermore, we suppose that the resolution of the recording apparatus is such that small sojourns, of duration less than a constant deadtime, cannot be observed. We obtain some results concerning the poles of the Laplace transform of the probability density function of apparent occupancy times, which correspond to a problem about generalised eigenvalues and eigenvectors. These results provide useful asymptotic approximations to the probability density of occupancy times. A numerical example modelling a calcium-activated potassium channel is given. Some generalisations to the case of random deadtimes complete the paper.
48
Jalali, Assad, and Alan G. Hawkes. "Generalised eigenproblems arising in aggregated markov processes allowing for time interval omission." Advances in Applied Probability 24, no. 02 (1992): 302–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001867800047546.
Full textAbstract:
We consider a continuous-time Markov chain in which one cannot observe individual states but only which of two sets of states is occupied at any time. Furthermore, we suppose that the resolution of the recording apparatus is such that small sojourns, of duration less than a constant deadtime, cannot be observed. We obtain some results concerning the poles of the Laplace transform of the probability density function of apparent occupancy times, which correspond to a problem about generalised eigenvalues and eigenvectors. These results provide useful asymptotic approximations to the probability density of occupancy times. A numerical example modelling a calcium-activated potassium channel is given. Some generalisations to the case of random deadtimes complete the paper.
49
OTERO, D., and C. BOLLINI. "MEMORY EFFECTS ON FRACTAL DIMENSION." Fractals 01, no. 03 (1993): 687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x9300071x.
Full textAbstract:
We present a version of the Eden model which uses a memory Markov constraint and shows a clear fractal growth. The rules of growing are very simple. Two probabilities must be selected: one corresponds to the latest step of growth and the other one to the old steps. The growing cluster recognizes the latest occupied site and around it the probability of selecting a new site is highest than around the old sites.
50
PETERSSON, NICLAS. "The Maximum Displacement for Linear Probing Hashing." Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 22, no. 3 (2013): 455–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963548312000582.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper we study the maximum displacement for linear probing hashing. We use the standard probabilistic model together with the insertion policy known as First-Come-(First-Served). The results are of asymptotic nature and focus on dense hash tables. That is, the number of occupied cellsnand the size of the hash tablemtend to infinity with ration/m→ 1. We present distributions and moments for the size of the maximum displacement, as well as for the number of items with displacement larger than some critical value. This is done via process convergence of the (appropriately normalized) length of the largest block of consecutive occupied cells, when the total number of occupied cellsnvaries.