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Journal articles on the topic 'Ocean and River Engineering'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Cooper, R. W. "The River Danube: An Examination of Navigation on the River." Journal of Navigation 50, no. 1 (January 1997): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300023602.

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One of the definitions of Navigation that gets little attention in this Institute is ‘communication by canals and rivers’ (Oxford English Dictionary), and which our French friends call La Navigation. I have always found this subject fascinating, and have previously navigated the Rivers Mekong, Irrawaddy, Hooghly, Indus, Shatt-al-Arab, Savannah and Rhône. During the middle of 1995 I travelled by barge from the North Sea to the Black Sea via the River Rhine, the Rhein—Main—Donau—Kanal (RMDK) and the River Danube, a distance of approximately 4000 km. This voyage has only recently become possible with the opening of the connecting RMDK at the end of 1992, but has been made little use of because of the civil war in the former Yugoslavia.

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2

Szydłowski, Michał. "Hydraulic Analysis of Causes of Washout of Gdynia-Orłowo Sea-Shore During the Flood in the Kacza River Estuary." Polish Maritime Research 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2019-0019.

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Abstract In July 2016 in the Three-city agglomeration a rainfall episode of over a day duration and 150 mm summary rainfall height, occurred. This situation, extreme as for Polish conditions, caused significant freshets in rivers and streams running into Gdansk Bay, the Baltic Sea, and serving as collectors of rainfall waters for the sea-coast towns. In many areas of the Three-city flood phenomena and overflows took place. The flood also occurred in the catchment area of the Kacza river in Gdynia. The passing of flood water rise caused damage of many infrastructure objects located along the river valley. The estuary section of the river suffered most, especially sea-shore belt together with beach around the estuary which were significantly washed out. In this paper an approach was made to answer to the question on direct causes of the situation which occurred at the estuary of the Kacza river. To this end, there was worked out a hydrodynamic model of the considered section of the river, based on the solving of two-dimensional differential motion equations of free-surface liquid, and simulations of water flow propagation along the river’s valley were performed for a few variants of hydraulic engineering infrastructure of river bed. Numerical hydraulic analysis made it possible to determine a role of the hydraulic engineering objects in forming the flood water rise as well as their impact on location and range of washout zones of sea-shore belt.

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3

Karahalios, Hristos. "A Risk Assessment of Ships Groundings in Rivers: The Case of Parana River." Journal of Navigation 73, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 833–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463319000936.

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A ship's grounding appears to be a significant threat to the safety of its crew, marine environment and the local ports economy. The risk of such incidents is higher in rivers since weather conditions can significantly alter the depths of channels from those shown on navigation charts. By means of a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, a new methodology is proposed, capable of evaluating the hazards of a ship's grounding in a river. The proposed method contributes to safe navigation in rivers. Navigators are able to assess grounding risk in a river passage based on local information of past incidents. The proposed methodology is used to evaluate commercial risks from groundings in the Parana River. A case study was carried out using data from 118 cases, as provided by local agencies for the period 2008–2017.

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4

Wang, Jianxing, Tao Wang, Fei Xing, Hao Wu, Jianjun Jia, Zuosheng Yang, and Ya Ping Wang. "Internal waves triggered by river mouth shoals in the Yangtze River Estuary." Ocean Engineering 214 (October 2020): 107828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107828.

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5

Liu, Yuxi, Yiping Zhu, and Mingzhe Wei. "Application of Point Cloud Data Processing in River Regulation." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.2.15.

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Abstract Geotextile materials are often used in river regulation projects to cut down sand loss caused by water erosion, to thus ensure a stable and safe river bed. In order to measure the overlap width in the geotextile-laying procedure, we proposed a point processing method for cloud data, which engages point cloud data obtained by 3-D imaging sonar to do automatic measurements. Firstly, random sampling and consensus point cloud segmentation and outer point filtering based on statistical analysis on density were used to extract the upper and lower plane data of the geotextile. Secondly, cluster classification was used to obtain the edge point cloud. Lastly, edge characteristic parameters were extracted by linear fitting, and the overlap width in geotextile laying was calculated. Results show that this measurement scheme is feasible, robust, and accurate enough to meet the requirements in real-life engineering.

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6

Weerakoon, S. B., N. Tamai, and Y. Kawahara. "Depth-averaged flow computation at a river confluence." Maritime Engineering 156, no. 1 (March 2003): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/maen.156.1.73.37950.

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7

Liu, W. C., W. B. Chen, and C. H. Wu. "Modelling effects of realignment of Keelung River, Taiwan." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Maritime Engineering 161, no. 2 (June 2008): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/maen.2008.161.2.73.

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8

Mahmoudi Kurdistani, Sahameddin, Giuseppe R. Tomasicchio, Felice D'Alessandro, and Leila Hassanabadi. "River bank protection from ship-induced waves and river flow." Water Science and Engineering 12, no. 2 (June 2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wse.2019.05.002.

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9

Luan, Hua Long, Ping Xing Ding, Zheng Bing Wang, Shi Lun Yang, and Jin You Lu. "Morphodynamic impacts of large-scale engineering projects in the Yangtze River delta." Coastal Engineering 141 (November 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2018.08.013.

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10

Abramowicz-Gerigk, Teresa, Zbigniew Burciu, and Jacek Jachowski. "An Innovative Steering System for a River Push Barge Operated in Environmentally Sensitive Areas." Polish Maritime Research 24, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2017-0132.

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Abstract The paper presents an innovative steering system for a river push barge dedicated for operation in environmentally sensitive inland waterways. Development of the inland waterborne transport in Poland is dependent on the exploitation of rivers which can be adapted to navigation in the limited range because a high percent of their length is classified within special environment protection areas of Natura 2000 network. This is now the main reason that their better exploitation cannot be obtained without an introduction of a new generation of waterborne environment friendly inland units. In naturally winding rivers with differing and rapidly changing depths and widths it is important to equip a push barge with an efficient steering system that has a low environmental impact. The innovative steering system proposed in the paper is composed of main steering devices located at the pusher stern, auxiliary steering devices installed on the barge bow and a mechanical coupling system.

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Zalacko, Roland, Máté Zöldy, and Győző Simongáti. "COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVE PROPULSION SYSTEMS - A CASE STUDY OF A PASSENGER SHIP USED IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT." Brodogradnja 72, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21278/brod72201.

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The unique feature of river transport is given by the rivers' flow and the changing cross-sections of the riverbed. Most river vessels operate with a conventional propulsion system. Engine power should be scaled to the maximum expected power demand, which means that the engine is forced to run at medium or low load, almost always downstream and upstream for part of the operating time. In these cases, the engine's operating point is far from ideal, so there is an increase in specific fuel consumption. This is especially true for ships that are forced to stop and start frequently. An example for the circumstances mentioned above is the BKV-100 type ship operated at Budapest as a public transport vessel. A measurement on a schedule route revealed that with given environmental conditions (water level, river flow rate, etc.), the power installed in the vessel is almost double the maximum power demand measured. Due to this reason and to the differences in power demand of downstream and upstream, it may be technically worthwhile to replace the existing conventional propulsion system with an alternative propulsion system. Based on the measurements, in this paper the authors compare 4 alternative drive systems to the existing one with regards to fuel consumption and the investment costs. Beside this, a simple but effective fuel consumption estimation method and a simple cost-benefit analysis are also described.

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12

Islam, Muhammad Rabiul, Mahmudul Hasan Akib, Fariha Tabassum, and Khandakar Akhter Hossain. "ON THE INVESTIGATION OF WIND GENERATED WAVES IN BANGLADESH RIVERS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF STABILITY REQUIREMENTS IN INLAND VESSEL DESIGN." Brodogradnja 72, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21278/brod72304.

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Standard environmental condition is one of the main inputs in designing a vessel especially in assessment of stability condition. The performance based minimum stability requirements are determined by assessing vessels' dynamic failure modes. Winds as well as wind generated waves are the main factors that affect a specific vessel’s dynamics. Wind generated waves in rivers though are usually small in comparison with ocean waves may play a crucial role behind inland vessels accidents. The river condition of a crucial location in Bangladesh inland river routes is assessed where wind velocities have been taken for a specific duration from a reliable secondary source. A narrow fetch model that considers the wave generation in off-wind direction for estimating wind wave parameters has been used to consider the spiral shape of Bangladesh inland routes. The Bretschneider energy spectrum model for short term wave state is compared with the fetch limited model JONSWAP for the estimated wave condition. This study indicates the rationality of conforming the safety level of Bangladesh inland vessels equivalent to river-sea vessels as defined by other nationals and the classification societies. The wave parameters that are estimated in this study can be used to form a limited wave scatter table for predicting short term environmental conditions to assess the dynamic stability failure modes of the vessels.

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13

Schechner, Anne E., Walter K. Dodds, Flavia Tromboni, Sudeep Chandra, and Alain Maasri. "How do methodological choices influence estimation of river metabolism?" Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 19, no. 9 (August 12, 2021): 659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10451.

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14

Kaup, Magdalena. "Functional model of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors: Part II. Methods of determination of design assumptions for river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors, according to their functional model." Polish Maritime Research 15, no. 4 (January 1, 2008): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0090-1.

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Functional model of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors: Part II. Methods of determination of design assumptions for river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors, according to their functional model This paper presents continuation of the research on the functional model of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors. It deals with a set of methods of determination of design assumptions for river-sea ships. Relevant calculations were performed on the basis of a future network of European routes for operating the river-sea ships within EU system of water transport corridors, in which rates of cargo flows and lengths of particular routes as well as their mathematical model were taken into account. In consequence, technical assumptions for designing the fleet of river-sea ships to be operated in European system of water transport corridors, were obtained.

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15

Schiller, Rafael V., and Vassiliki H. Kourafalou. "Modeling river plume dynamics with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model." Ocean Modelling 33, no. 1-2 (January 2010): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.12.005.

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16

Lamb, W. G. P., and J. M. Hunt. "Keeping Look-Out Astern in River Navigation." Journal of Navigation 43, no. 2 (May 1990): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300009590.

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The collision between the dredger Bowbelle and the pleasure cruiser Marchioness on the Thames in August 1989 in the vicinity of the centre of London has drawn attention to the need for river mariners to keep a frequent look-out astern as well as ahead. This paper describes calculations of the minimum frequency at which observations astern are required in order to allow sufficient time for a ship about to be overtaken by a faster vessel to be able to take adequate avoidance action should the overtaking craft fail to keep clear.

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17

Cao, Yu, Wei Zhang, Yuliang Zhu, Xiaomei Ji, Yanwen Xu, Yao Wu, and A. J. F. Hoitink. "Impact of trends in river discharge and ocean tides on water level dynamics in the Pearl River Delta." Coastal Engineering 157 (April 2020): 103634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103634.

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18

Abramowicz-Gerigk, Teresa, and Zbigniew Burciu. "Design and Operational Innovations in Adapting the Existing Merchant River Fleet to Cost-Effective Shipping." Polish Maritime Research 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2019-0078.

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Abstract Modernisation of the existing river fleet adapted for the local conditions of the Middle and Lower Vistula can be considered as a solution to slow down the progressive decrease of river transport in this area. The implementation of technical improvements, smart technologies and enhancement of transport performance may partially solve the problem of growing demand for multimodal transport of containers and oversized loads in a shorter perspective than the expected period of planned revitalisation of the river. The paper presents investigations on the modernisation of river convoys adapted to the current navigational conditions of the Lower Vistula. The different options have been discussed by the authors with river fleet operators and the best recognised solution was agreed to be the use of river convoys combining modernised motor barges and the pushed barges previously used in this area. Improvement of the transport profitability, reduction of fuel consumption, air pollution and noise can be achieved at minimum costs by modernisation of the main power-propulsion systems of outdated motor barges and the implementation of innovative steering systems on pushed barges. The demand for power-propulsion and manoeuvring performance of modernised convoys is discussed in the paper.

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19

Sugiyama, Masahito, Shiqin Wu, Ko Hosoda, Akihito Mochizuki, and Toshitaka Hori. "Method for the preparation of artificial lake and river waters." Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 14, no. 5 (March 2, 2016): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10094.

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20

Karalekas, Patrick, Gregory J. Kowalski, and Edward Lovelace. "Modeling Hydrokinetic Turbine Performance in the Mississippi River." Marine Technology Society Journal 47, no. 4 (July 1, 2013): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.47.4.21.

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AbstractFree Flow Power has developed a renewable energy technology that can convert the kinetic energy flowing in a river to electricity without the use of dams. The company plans to install a specially made turbine directly into the flowing stream. This process, known as hydrokinetics, is an innovative approach that provides energy at a reliable and predictable rate as opposed to other intermittent renewable energy sources. There are currently two dozen hydrokinetic projects in the licensing process along the Mississippi River, which will account for 4,000 MW of power-generating capacity. Hydrokinetics could develop into a $1 billion a year industry.This article describes the modeling tool developed for Free Flow Power’s hydrokinetic sites along the Mississippi River. The performance models compare river velocity, power generation, reliability, maintenance costs, and finance options to establish a likely performance profile for a proposed site.These models calculate the expected returns for Mississippi River projects and can be used to perform a sensitivity analysis on all of the major variables for hydrokinetics. The unique aspect of this performance model is the incorporation of a reliability calculator, which estimates the lost revenue resulting from component failures. It can be used to develop the maintenance strategy for the array and to evaluate the total cost of reliability for components. The modeling tool described provides Free Flow Power with the ability to compare different design scenarios and quickly gives an estimate of a site’s performance.

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Pei, Zhiyong, Qingning Yuan, and Weiguo Wu. "Development of “4E” Levelriver-Sea-Going Ship." Polish Maritime Research 25, s3 (December 1, 2018): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2018-0116.

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Abstract In order to effectively promote the construction of the Yangtze River economic belt, it has become China’s national strategy to vigorously develop the river-sea-going transportation. In the present paper, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and model test are combined together to develop flat-type river-sea-going ship which is characterized with larger loading capacity, lower fuel consumption, better performance on energy-saving and environmental-friendly, excellent economy and higher transportation efficiency. Key technologies on hydrodynamic performance, structural safety, energy-saving technology and green ship technology are investigated to develop the river-sea-going ship. The developed “4E” level ship has great significance to the implementation of national strategic deployment.

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22

Sotillo, Marcos G., Francisco Campuzano, Karen Guihou, Pablo Lorente, Estrella Olmedo, Ania Matulka, Flavio Santos, María Aránzazu Amo-Baladrón, and Antonio Novellino. "River Freshwater Contribution in Operational Ocean Models along the European Atlantic Façade: Impact of a New River Discharge Forcing Data on the CMEMS IBI Regional Model Solution." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (April 9, 2021): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9040401.

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River freshwater contribution in the European Atlantic margin and its influence on the sea salinity field are analyzed. The impacts of using a new river discharge database as part of the freshwater forcing in a regional ocean model are assessed. Ocean model scenarios, based on the CMEMS (Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service) operational IBI-MFC (Iberia Biscay Ireland Monitoring Forecasting Centre) model set-up, are run to test different (observed, modeled and climatological) river and coastal freshwater forcing configurations throughout 2018. The modelled salinity fields are validated, using as a reference all known available in-situ observational data sources. The IBI model application is proven to adequately simulate the regional salinity, and the scenarios showcase the effects of varying imposed river outflows. Some model improvement is achieved using the new forcing (i.e., better capture of salinity variability and more realistic simulation of baroclinic frontal structures linked to coastal and river freshwater buoyancy plumes). Major impacts are identified in areas with bigger river discharges (i.e., the French shelf or the northwestern Iberian coast). Instead, the Portuguese shelf or the Gulf of Cadiz are less impacted by changes in the imposed river inflows, and other dynamical factors in these areas play a major role in the configuration of the regional salinity.

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23

Li, Zhan, and Yu Yang. "System Analysis of River-Sea Container Transportation for Overseas Trade in the Yangtze Valley." Marine Technology and SNAME News 26, no. 04 (October 1, 1989): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1989.26.4.282.

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A mathematical model of a river-sea container transportation system is developed. System analysis of a river-sea container transportation system for overseas trade in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is performed by using the theory and method of 0–1 integer programming. The optimal transportation strategy and fleet configuration are obtained. In addition, the algorithm and software developed by the authors can be used conveniently on a microcomputer.

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Yan, Xinping, Xing Sun, and Qizhi Yin. "Multiparameter Sensitivity Analysis of Operational Energy Efficiency for Inland River Ships Based on Backpropagation Neural Network Method." Marine Technology Society Journal 49, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.49.1.5.

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AbstractWith the introduction of energy efficiency operational indicator (EEOI) to inland river ships, a multiparameter sensitivity analysis method was proposed to analyze the parameters affecting the operational energy efficiency of inland river ships. On the basis of experimental data, a model based on a backpropagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) for predicting the EEOI was set up. The accuracy of this predictive model was verified. On the basis of weights and threshold values of each variable parameter gained in the trained BP-ANN, a Garson algorithm was used for calculating the parameter sensitivity factors. Results showed that, besides the engine speed, the environment conditions would also play a big part in the operational energy efficiency of inland river ships. The conclusion provides a foundation for engaging the energy efficiency improvement strategies for inland river ships.

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25

Nasution, Risda Afifi, Nofrita Nofrita, Eggy Triana Putri, and Izmiarti Izmiarti. "BIOASSESMENT OF BATANG AIR DINGIN WATER QUALITY BY USING MACROZOOBENTHOS IN KOTO TANGAH DISTRICT, PADANG CITY." Andalasian International Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences (AIJANS) 1, no. 01 (October 6, 2020): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijans.v1.i01.18-24.2020.

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This study aims to determine the composition and structure of the macrozoobenthos community in Batang Air Dingin and water quality based on BMWP ASPT. This study used a survey method in determining the station by purposive sampling, based on typhical environmental condition along the river. Macrozoobenthos samples was collected by using surber net 30x30 cm2. The result showed the community in the form of Gastropods 6 genera, Insecta 26 genera, Oligochaeta 1 genus, and Hirudinea 1 genus. Total density of macrozoobenthos in the Batang Air Dingin river was 1182,22ind/m2 ranging from 180,00 ind/m2 to 402,22 ind/m2 with the highest density was found in the first station and the lowest at station four. The predominant type found at each station is different, station I is Elophyla, Neopherla, Hydropsyche; station II Eukifferiella, Polypedilum, Elophyla, Hydropsyche; station III Clithon, Eukifferiella, Polypedilum, Orthocladius; station IV Clithonand Thiara. The diversity of macrozoobenthos in Batang Air Dingin river range between 1,95-2,51 is classified as moderate with even distribution (E=0,84) range between 0,81-0,89. Batang Air Dingin water quality using BMWP ASPT from upstream to downstream range between 6,12 – 3,5. Classified unpolluted to heavily polluted.

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26

Winterwerp, J. C., Z. B. Wang, J. A. Th M. van Kester, and J. F. Verweij. "Far-field impact of water injection dredging in the Crouch River." Maritime Engineering 154, no. 4 (December 2002): 285–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/maen.154.4.285.38905.

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27

Munroe, Samantha, Brian Fry, and Jon Olley. "Underutilized biogeochemical tracers distinguish invertebrate populations in a complex river system." Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 16, no. 7 (July 2018): 444–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10258.

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28

Lu, Hung-Ching, and Hsi-Kuang Liu. "Ant colony fuzzy neural network controller for cruising vessel on river." Applied Ocean Research 42 (August 2013): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2013.04.004.

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Rudaković, Stefan, Gabriele Bulian, and Igor Bačkalov. "Effective wave slope coefficient of river-sea ships." Ocean Engineering 192 (November 2019): 106427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106427.

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McMillan, Dave. "Design, Construction, and Operation of Niagara River Icebreakers." Marine Technology and SNAME News 32, no. 02 (April 1, 1995): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1995.32.2.101.

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This paper describes the design and construction of two small icebreakers for operation exclusively in the fast-flowing Niagara River above the celebrated falls. Special features of these purpose-built craft—which due to their dangerous operating environment include many redundant systems—are presented. Results of maneuvering trials and model tests are given, along with a comparison between hull forms of the two vessels—Ontario Hydro's Niagara Queen II and the William H. Latham, operated by the New York Power Authority.

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Fan, Ailong, Xinping Yan, Qizhi Yin, Xing Sun, and Di Zhang. "Clustering of the inland waterway navigational environment and its effects on ship energy consumption." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 231, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090215619190.

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This article examines the distribution characteristics of the navigational environment in the Yangtze River trunk line using several information collection sensors installed on ships that navigate in this line. Through experiments on these ships, data of energy consumption and the navigational environment are collected. Water flow and waterway depth are proved to be the main influencing factors on the ship energy consumption via Spearman’s correlation analysis. Next, data of water velocity and waterway depth that cover the entire trunk line are graded using the k-means clustering algorithm. To build an evaluation matrix of navigational environment, the frequency distribution of each grade in different Yangtze River legs is counted statistically, and on this basis, similar legs are clustered using the hierarchical clustering algorithm. In this way, the waterway partition in the Yangtze River trunk line is completed. Furthermore, the distribution of the energy consumption of ships in different legs is also calculated. The study results indicate that not only the navigational environment of the Yangtze River trunk line but also the energy consumption level of ships have distinctive regional differences. Finally, the laws of the Yangtze River navigational environment are analyzed, and the corresponding energy-saving navigation strategies are proposed, which are useful for crews to operate their ships in energy-efficient and safe conditions.

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32

Liu, Jingui, Shasha Lu, and Yichun Li. "Numerical study on sensibility of turbulence closure schemes at Oujiang River Estuary." Applied Ocean Research 88 (July 2019): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2019.04.014.

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Liu, Jingui, Yichun Li, Qingqing Pan, Shasha Lu, and Yun Li. "Modelling lateral circulation during flood season at the Oujiang River Estuary, China." Applied Ocean Research 101 (August 2020): 102235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102235.

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Christopoulos, B., and R. Latorre. "Design and Trials of a New River Towboat Propeller." Marine Technology and SNAME News 28, no. 04 (July 1, 1991): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1991.28.4.236.

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Improvement in river transport requires adopting more efficient towboat propellers. This paper summarizes the design and towboat trials of a new semi-Kaplan propeller with an unconventional pitch distribution. A comparison of towboat trip records shows that operation with semi-Kaplan propellers resulted in improvements over operations with conventionally designed propellers. These improvements included a 13.5 percent increase in barge mpg of fuel and a 10 percent increase in tow speed. The trials with the semi-Kaplan propeller indicated only a small increase in towboat vibration levels. The adoption of this new propeller has potential for improving present river transport.

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Bui, Vuong Van, Daidu Fan, Dac Ve Nguyen, Dinh Lan Tran, Duc Thanh Tran, Van Long Hoang, and Thi Hong Hanh Nguyen. "Morphological Change in the Northern Red River Delta, Vietnam." Journal of Ocean University of China 17, no. 6 (November 9, 2018): 1272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11802-018-3777-2.

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36

Spaulding, Robert Mark. "Revolutionary France and the Transformation of the Rhine." Central European History 44, no. 2 (May 23, 2011): 203–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000893891100001x.

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As one of the world's busiest rivers the Rhine carries about 300 million tons of freight annually, upriver and down, between Switzerland and the Dutch ports on the North Sea. Heavy shipping traffic on the Rhine, including ocean vessels reaching Mannheim and barges reaching Basel, has been an integral part of the Rhine valley landscape for the past 150 years. But a bounty of commercial shipping on the Rhine has not always been part of the river's history. Despite the Rhineland's growing population and increasingly productive economy at the end of the early modern period, long-distance shipping activity along the river gradually declined during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. River commerce revived and expanded only in the early nineteenth century, stimulated in part by new developments in transportation technology, business organization, industrial development, and an unprecedented civil engineering assault on the river's natural contours. These material components of the nineteenth century transportation revolution as it unfolded along the Rhine are generally well known.

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Pietrafesa, L. J., K. Kelleher, T. Karl, M. Davidson, M. Peng, S. Bao, D. Dickey, L. Xie, H. Liu, and M. Xia. "A New Architecture for Coastal Inundation and Flood Warning Prediction." Marine Technology Society Journal 40, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/002533206787353205.

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The marine atmosphere, coastal ocean, estuary, harbor and river water systems constitute a physically coupled system. While these systems have always been heavily impacted by coastal storms, increases in population density, infrastructure, and personal and business merchandise have exacerbated the economic and personal impacts of these events over the past half century. As such there has been increased focus on the need for more timely and accurate forecasts of impending events. Traditionally model forecast architectures for coastal storm surge, flooding and inundation of coastal and inland areas have taken the approach of dealing with each system separately: rivers, estuaries, harbors and offshore facing areas. However, given advances in coupled modeling and the availability of real-time data, the ability to accurately predict and project coastal, estuary and inland flooding related to the passage of high energy and wet atmospheric events is rapidly emerging and requires a new paradigm in system architecture. No longer do monthly averaged winds or river discharge or water levels have to be invoked in developing hindcasts for planning purposes or for real-time forecasts. In 1999 a hurricane associated flood on the North Carolina coast took 56 lives and caused more than $6 billion in economic impacts. None of the models existing at that time were able to properly forecast the massive flooding and clearly called for a new model paradigm. Here we propose a model system that couples atmospheric information to fully three dimensional, non-linear time dependent ocean basin, coastal and estuary hydrodynamic models coupled to interactive river models with input of real or modeled winds, observed or modeled precipitation, measured and modeled water levels, and streamflow. The river and estuarine components must both be capable of going into modes of storage or accelerated discharge. Spatial scales must downscale in the horizontal from thousands to tens meters and in the vertical from hundreds to several centimeters. Topography and elevation data should be of the highest resolution available, necessary for highly accurate predictions of the timing and location of the inundation and retreat of flood waters. Precipitation information must be derived from the optimal mix of direct radar, satellite and ground-based observations. Creating the capability described above will advance the modernization of hydrologic services provided by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration and provide more accurate and timely forecasts and climatologies of coastal and estuary flooding. The goal of these climatologies and improved forecasts is to provide better information to local and regional planners, emergency managers, highway patrols and to improve the capacity of coastal communities to mitigate against the impacts of coastal flooding.

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Gilvear, David J. "River management and conservation issues on formerly braided river systems; the case of the River Tay, Scotland." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 75, no. 1 (1993): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1993.075.01.14.

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Tang, Hansong, Charles Reid Nichols, Lynn Donelson Wright, and Donald Resio. "Modeling Multiscale and Multiphysics Coastal Ocean Processes: A Discussion on Necessity, Status, and Advances." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080847.

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Coastal ocean flows are interconnected by a complex suite of processes. Examples are inlet jets, river mouth effluents, ocean currents, surface gravity waves, internal waves, wave overtopping, and wave slamming on coastal structures. It has become necessary to simulate such oceanographic phenomena directly and simultaneously in many disciplines, including coastal engineering, environmental science, and marine science. Oceanographic processes exhibit distinct behaviors at specific temporal and spatial scales, and they are multiscale, multiphysics in nature; these processes are described by different sets of governing equations and are often modeled individually. In order to draw the attention of the scientific community and promote their simulations, a Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering entitled “Multiscale, Multiphysics Modelling of Coastal Ocean Processes: Paradigms and Approaches” was published. The papers collected in this issue cover physical phenomena, such as wind-driven flows, coastal flooding, turbidity currents, and modeling techniques such as model comparison, model coupling, parallel computation, and domain decomposition. This article outlines the needs for modeling of coastal ocean flows involving multiple physical processes at different scales, and it discusses the implications of the collected papers. Additionally, it reviews the current status and offers a roadmap with numerical methods, data collection, and artificial intelligence as future endeavors.

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Ettah, Otu I., Juliana A. Igiri, and Victor C. Ihejiamaizu. "Profitability of broiler production in Cross River State, Nigeria." Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences 20, no. 1 (August 4, 2021): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjass.v20i1.5.

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The study was carried out to determine profitability of broiler production in Cross River State, Nigeria. A three stage multi sampling technique was adopted in the selection of 180 respondents. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, ranking and percentages, as well as budgeting techniques tools such as net farm income (NFI), return to naira invested (RNI), gross and operating ratios (GR and OR) respectively. Result of analysis showed that socio-economic attributes of broiler farmers - age, sex, marital status, education, experience, business size and training studied influenced on broiler production in the area. Furthermore, the study revealed that broiler production is a profitable venture in the area. This is arising from the difference between a total revenue of N704, 000 and total cost of N419, 153 respectively, representing a net profit of N284, 646.6 or 67.90% of the total amount of money invested, within a production season of eight weeks. The return per naira invested ratio was 1.64, this meant that for every naira invested, N1.64 profit was made by the broiler farmer, this further indicated that the business is profitable. The gross ratio, which measured the overall financial success of the business recorded 0.61. However, cost of feeds, lack of extension services, financial constraints, cost of day old chick’s medication among others are the constraints affecting effective broiler production in the area. Based on the findings of this study, the following are recommended: regular extension training on broiler production should be carried out by the relevant government agencies, feeds should be subsidized and made easily available by government, production of day old chicks should be subsidized by government to cushion the effect of their high cost and livestock farmers should be encouraged to invest on the poultry subsector for it profitability.

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Pan, Haidong, Zheng Guo, Yingying Wang, and Xianqing Lv. "Application of the EMD Method to River Tides." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 35, no. 4 (April 2018): 809–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-17-0185.1.

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AbstractA lot of tidal phenomena, including river tides, tides in ice-covered bays, and internal tides in fjords, are nonstationary. These tidal processes present a severe challenge for the conventional tidal analysis method. The empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method is useful for nonstationary and nonlinear time series and has been used for different geophysical data. However, application of EMD to nonstationary tides is rare. This paper is meant to demonstrate a new tidal analysis tool that can help study nonstationary tides, in this case river tides. EMD is applied to a set of hourly water level records on the lower Columbia River, where the tides are greatly influenced by the fluctuating river flow. The results show that the averaged period of any EMD mode almost exactly doubles that of the previous one, suggesting that EMD is a dyadic filter. The highest and second highest frequency modes of EMD represent the semidiurnal (D2) and diurnal (D1) tides, respectively. The sum of the EMD modes except for the first two is the mean water level (MWL). The study finds that the EMD method successfully captured the nonstationary characteristics of the D1 tides, the D2 tides, and the MWL induced by river flow.

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Hamburger, Susan, Kenneth T. Gioeli, David Berthold, and H. Dail Laughinghouse. "Volunteer Algae Monitoring Program (VAMP) in the Indian River Lagoon." Marine Technology Society Journal 52, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.52.4.7.

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AbstractThe University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Florida Master Naturalist Program (FMNP) is an adult environmental education program with more than 450 trained program graduates in St. Lucie County, Florida. It is a collaborative effort of the UF/IFAS Extension St. Lucie County, St. Lucie County Environmental Resources Department, and partner agencies. Four UF/IFAS Florida Master Naturalist volunteers were recruited and received training and supplies to conduct water quality testing and algae collection in the Indian River Lagoon as part of the Volunteer Algae Monitoring Program (VAMP). The UF/IFAS research and extension faculty developed VAMP in response to the 2016 harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Indian River Lagoon that resulted in dramatic impacts on businesses, residents, and visitors in Martin, St. Lucie, and Indian River counties. These HAB episodes demonstrate the importance of having informed citizen scientists with an understanding of the problems and threats. The VAMP citizen scientists conducted a water quality awareness survey with the general public after proactively scouting for HABs by collecting samples and conducting water quality testing at three waypoints in the Indian River Lagoon during May to November 2017 (excluding October) and February 2018. They utilized UF/IFAS Water Watch chemistry tests and processed and shipped water samples to the Laughinghouse Lab at the UF/IFAS Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, which conducted algae counts and genetic testing to determine the presence of harmful algae expressing microcystin-producing genes. Test results indicated fluctuating and inconsistent levels of saxitoxin but no indications of microcystins across the three sites and over time.

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Kaup, Magdalena. "Functional model of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors: Part I. Methods used to elaborate functional models of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors." Polish Maritime Research 15, no. 3 (October 1, 2008): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0077-y.

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Functional model of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors: Part I. Methods used to elaborate functional models of river-sea ships operating in European system of transport corridors This paper presents a functional model of river-sea ships (shortly called: SRM) operating in European system of transport corridors. It is composed of two parts: Part I contains a descriptive model of functioning the SRM fleet with taking into account various shipping tasks as well as impact factors (external and internal factors, limitations and criteria). Also, a mathematical model of functioning the SRM fleet, including choice of relevant economic criteria (e.g. profit maximization, capital return period minimization etc), is presented. Results achieved on the basis of the functional model are presented in Part II of the paper.

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Lyatkher, V. M. "Ecologically pure conversion of the energy of air, river, and ocean currents." Hydrotechnical Construction 23, no. 8 (August 1989): 433–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01439510.

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Subrath-Ali, Carol, Andrew J. Chadwick, Isaac Dialsingh, and Ashok Sahai. "Sea level variation from a remote river in the Gulf of Paria, Trinidad." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Maritime Engineering 166, no. 4 (December 2013): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/maen.2012.22.

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Keys, Tyler A., C. Nathan Jones, Durelle T. Scott, and Daniel Chuquin. "A cost-effective image processing approach for analyzing the ecohydrology of river corridors." Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 14, no. 6 (February 21, 2016): 359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10095.

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Jeandel, Catherine. "Overview of the mechanisms that could explain the ‘Boundary Exchange’ at the land–ocean contact." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2081 (November 28, 2016): 20150287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0287.

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Land to ocean transfer of material largely controls the chemical composition of seawater and the global element cycles. Oceanic isotopic budgets of chemical species, macro- and micronutrients (e.g. Nd, Sr, Si, Mg, Zn, Mo and Ni) have revealed an imbalance between their sources and sinks. Radiogenic isotope budgets underlined the importance of taking into account continental margins as a source of elements to oceans. They also highlighted that the net land–ocean inputs of chemical species probably result from particle-dissolved exchange processes, named ‘Boundary Exchange’. Yet, locations where ‘Boundary Exchange’ occurs are not clearly identified and reviewed here: discharge of huge amount of freshly weathered particles at the river mouths, submarine weathering of deposited sediments along the margins, submarine groundwater discharges and subterranean estuaries. As a whole, we conclude that all of them might contribute to ‘Boundary Exchange’. Highlighting their specific roles and the processes at play is a key scientific issue for the second half of GEOTRACES. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry’.

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Nicholson, Uisdean, Andrew Carter, Paula Robinson, and David I. M. Macdonald. "Eocene–Recent drainage evolution of the Colorado River and its precursor: an integrated provenance perspective from SW California." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 488, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp488-2019-272.

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AbstractThe Colorado River in the SW of the USA is one of Earth's few continental-scale rivers with an active margin delta. Deformation along this transform margin, as well as associated intra-plate strain, has resulted in significant changes in sediment routing from the continental interior and post-depositional translation of older deltaic units. The oldest candidate deposits, fluvial sandstones of the Eocene Sespe Group, are now exposed in the Santa Monica Mountains, 300 km to the north of the Colorado River. Heavy mineral data from this basin indicate that sediment was sourced by a large river system, with some affinity to the early Pliocene Colorado River, but was unlikely to have been integrated across the Colorado Plateau. Sedimentological and mineralogical evidence from the earliest (c. 5.3 Ma) unequivocal Colorado River-derived sediments in the Salton Trough provide evidence for a rapid transition from locally derived sedimentation. Lack of evidence for a precursor phase of suspended-load sediment suggests that drainage capture took place in a proximal position, favouring a ‘top-down’ process of lake spillover. Following drainage integration, significant changes in heavy mineral assemblages of fluvio-deltaic sediments, particularly evident from apatite–tourmaline and garnet–zircon indices, as well as U–Pb ages of detrital zircons, document the integration of the fluvial system to its present form and progressive incision of the Colorado Plateau from the Miocene to the present.

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Yu, Xiping. "Oscillations in a coupled bay-river system. 1. Analytic solution." Coastal Engineering 28, no. 1-4 (September 1996): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3839(96)00015-4.

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Kambayashi, Shota, Jing Zhang, and Hisashi Narita. "Significance of Fukushima-derived radiocaesium flux via river-estuary-ocean system." Science of The Total Environment 793 (November 2021): 148456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148456.

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