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Journal articles on the topic 'Ocean ventilation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 December 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Primeau, François W., and Mark Holzer. "The Ocean’s Memory of the Atmosphere: Residence-Time and Ventilation-Rate Distributions of Water Masses." Journal of Physical Oceanography 36, no. 7 (2006): 1439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2919.1.

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Abstract A conceptually new approach to diagnosing tracer-independent ventilation rates is developed. Tracer Green functions are exploited to partition ventilation rates according to the ventilated fluid’s residence time in the ocean interior and according to where this fluid enters and exits the interior. In the presence of mixing by mesoscale eddies, which are reasonably represented by diffusion, ventilation rates for overlapping entry and exit regions cannot meaningfully be characterized by a single rate. It is a physical consequence of diffusive transport that fluid elements that spend an

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2

Bopp, L., L. Resplandy, A. Untersee, P. Le Mezo, and M. Kageyama. "Ocean (de)oxygenation from the Last Glacial Maximum to the twenty-first century: insights from Earth System models." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2102 (2017): 20160323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0323.

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All Earth System models project a consistent decrease in the oxygen content of oceans for the coming decades because of ocean warming, reduced ventilation and increased stratification. But large uncertainties for these future projections of ocean deoxygenation remain for the subsurface tropical oceans where the major oxygen minimum zones are located. Here, we combine global warming projections, model-based estimates of natural short-term variability, as well as data and model estimates of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) ocean oxygenation to gain some insights into the major mechanisms of oxygen

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3

Naveira Garabato, Alberto C., Graeme A. MacGilchrist, Peter J. Brown, D. Gwyn Evans, Andrew J. S. Meijers, and Jan D. Zika. "High-latitude ocean ventilation and its role in Earth's climate transitions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2102 (2017): 20160324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0324.

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The processes regulating ocean ventilation at high latitudes are re-examined based on a range of observations spanning all scales of ocean circulation, from the centimetre scales of turbulence to the basin scales of gyres. It is argued that high-latitude ocean ventilation is controlled by mechanisms that differ in fundamental ways from those that set the overturning circulation. This is contrary to the assumption of broad equivalence between the two that is commonly adopted in interpreting the role of the high-latitude oceans in Earth's climate transitions. Illustrations of how recognizing thi

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4

Katavouta, Anna, and Richard G. Williams. "Ocean carbon cycle feedbacks in CMIP6 models: contributions from different basins." Biogeosciences 18, no. 10 (2021): 3189–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3189-2021.

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Abstract. The ocean response to carbon emissions involves the combined effect of an increase in atmospheric CO2, acting to enhance the ocean carbon storage, and climate change, acting to decrease the ocean carbon storage. This ocean response can be characterised in terms of a carbon–concentration feedback and a carbon–climate feedback. The contribution from different ocean basins to these feedbacks on centennial timescales is explored using diagnostics of ocean carbonate chemistry, physical ventilation and biological processes in 11 CMIP6 Earth system models. To gain mechanistic insight, the d

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5

Sallée, Jean-Baptiste, Kevin Speer, Steve Rintoul, and S. Wijffels. "Southern Ocean Thermocline Ventilation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 40, no. 3 (2010): 509–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jpo4291.1.

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Abstract An approximate mass (volume) budget in the surface layer of the Southern Ocean is used to investigate the intensity and regional variability of the ventilation process, discussed here in terms of subduction and upwelling. Ventilation resulting from Ekman pumping is estimated from satellite winds, the geostrophic mean component is assessed from a climatology strengthened with Argo data, and the eddy-induced advection is included via the parameterization of Gent and McWilliams, together with eddy mixing estimates. All three components contribute significantly to ventilation. Finally, th

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6

Thiele, G., and J. L. Sarmiento. "Tracer dating and ocean ventilation." Journal of Geophysical Research 95, no. C6 (1990): 9377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jc095ic06p09377.

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7

Shepherd, John G., Peter G. Brewer, Andreas Oschlies, and Andrew J. Watson. "Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world: introduction and overview." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2102 (2017): 20170240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2017.0240.

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Changes of ocean ventilation rates and deoxygenation are two of the less obvious but important indirect impacts expected as a result of climate change on the oceans. They are expected to occur because of (i) the effects of increased stratification on ocean circulation and hence its ventilation, due to reduced upwelling, deep-water formation and turbulent mixing, (ii) reduced oxygenation through decreased oxygen solubility at higher surface temperature, and (iii) the effects of warming on biological production, respiration and remineralization. The potential socio-economic consequences of reduc

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8

Mecking, Sabine, and Kyla Drushka. "Linking northeastern North Pacific oxygen changes to upstream surface outcrop variations." Biogeosciences 21, no. 5 (2024): 1117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1117-2024.

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Abstract. Understanding the response of the ocean to global warming, including the renewal of ocean waters from the surface (ventilation), is important for future climate predictions. Oxygen distributions in the ocean thermocline have proven an effective way to infer changes in ventilation because physical processes (ventilation and circulation) that supply oxygen are thought to be primarily responsible for changes in interior oxygen concentrations. Here, the focus is on the North Pacific thermocline, where some of the world's oceans' largest oxygen variations have been observed. These variati

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9

Li, Lingwei, Zhengyu Liu, Jinbo Du, Lingfeng Wan, and Jiuyou Lu. "Mechanisms of global ocean ventilation age change during the last deglaciation." Climate of the Past 20, no. 5 (2024): 1161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1161-2024.

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Abstract. Marine radiocarbon (14C) is widely used to trace deep-ocean circulation, providing insight into the atmosphere–ocean exchange of CO2 during the last deglaciation. Evidence shows a significantly depleted Δ14C in the glacial deep ocean, suggesting an increased ventilation age at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In this study, using two transient simulations with tracers of 14C and ideal age (IAGE), we found that the oldest ventilation age is not observed at the LGM. In contrast, the models show a modestly younger ventilation age during the LGM compared to the present day. The global mea

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10

Tschumi, T., F. Joos, M. Gehlen, and C. Heinze. "Deep ocean ventilation, carbon isotopes, marine sedimentation and the deglacial CO<sub>2</sub> rise." Climate of the Past 7, no. 3 (2011): 771–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-771-2011.

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Abstract. The link between the atmospheric CO2 level and the ventilation state of the deep ocean is an important building block of the key hypotheses put forth to explain glacial-interglacial CO2 fluctuations. In this study, we systematically examine the sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 and its carbon isotope composition to changes in deep ocean ventilation, the ocean carbon pumps, and sediment formation in a global 3-D ocean-sediment carbon cycle model. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that a break up of Southern Ocean stratification and invigorated deep ocean ventilation were the

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11

Tschumi, T., F. Joos, M. Gehlen, and C. Heinze. "Deep ocean ventilation, carbon isotopes, marine sedimentation and the deglacial CO<sub>2</sub> rise." Climate of the Past Discussions 6, no. 5 (2010): 1895–958. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-6-1895-2010.

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Abstract. The link between the atmospheric CO2 level and the ventilation state of the deep ocean is an important building block of the key hypotheses put forth to explain glacial-interglacial CO2 fluctuations. In this study, we systematically examine the sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 and its carbon isotope composition to changes in deep ocean ventilation, the ocean carbon pumps, and sediment formation in a global three-dimensional ocean-sediment carbon cycle model. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that a break up of Southern Ocean stratification and invigorated deep ocean ventil

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12

Klocker, Andreas. "Opening the window to the Southern Ocean: The role of jet dynamics." Science Advances 4, no. 10 (2018): eaao4719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aao4719.

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The surface waters of the Southern Ocean act as a control valve through which climatically important tracers such as heat, freshwater, and CO2 are transferred between the atmosphere and the ocean. The process that transports these tracers through the surface mixed layer into the ocean interior is known as ocean ventilation. Changes in ocean ventilation are thought to be important for both rapid transitions of the ocean’s global overturning circulation during the last deglaciation and the uptake and storage of excess heat and CO2 as a consequence of anthropogenic climate change. I show how the

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13

Schiffbauer, James D., and Natalia Bykova. "Paleontology: Ediacaran ecology drove ocean ventilation." Current Biology 34, no. 15 (2024): R734—R736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2024.06.043.

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14

Jones, C. S., and Ryan P. Abernathey. "Isopycnal Mixing Controls Deep Ocean Ventilation." Geophysical Research Letters 46, no. 22 (2019): 13144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019gl085208.

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15

Peng, T.-H. "Changes in Ocean Ventilation Rates Over the Last 7000 Years Based on 14C Variations in the Atmosphere and Oceans." Radiocarbon 31, no. 03 (1989): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200012078.

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Changes in the ocean ventilation rate may be one of the causes for a net decrease of 100‰ Δ 14C in atmospheric CO2 over the last 8000 years. Ocean ventilation rates of the past can be derived from the 14C record preserved in planktonic and benthic foraminifera in deep-sea sediments. Results of 14C dating using accelerator mass spectrometry on deep sea sediments from the South China Sea show that the age differences between planktonic (G sacculifer) and benthic foraminifera increase from 1350 yr ca 7000 yr ago to 1590 yr at present. An 11-box geochemical model of global ocean circulation was us

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16

Sen Gupta, Alexander, and Matthew H. England. "Evaluation of Interior Circulation in a High-Resolution Global Ocean Model. Part II: Southern Hemisphere Intermediate, Mode, and Thermocline Waters." Journal of Physical Oceanography 37, no. 11 (2007): 2612–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jpo3644.1.

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Abstract A high-resolution, offline ocean general circulation model, incorporating a realistic parameterization of mixed layer convection, is used to diagnose pathways and time scales of Southern Hemisphere intermediate, mode, and lower thermocline water ventilation. The use of such an offline methodology represents the only feasible way of simulating the long time scales required to validate the internal pathways of a high-resolution ocean model. Simulated and observed chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11) are in reasonably good agreement, demonstrating the model’s skill in representing realistic ve

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17

MacGilchrist, Graeme A., Helen L. Johnson, David P. Marshall, et al. "Locations and Mechanisms of Ocean Ventilation in the High-Latitude North Atlantic in an Eddy-Permitting Ocean Model." Journal of Climate 33, no. 23 (2020): 10113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0191.1.

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AbstractA substantial fraction of the deep ocean is ventilated in the high-latitude North Atlantic. Consequently, the region plays a crucial role in transient climate change through the uptake of carbon dioxide and heat. However, owing to the Lagrangian nature of the process, many aspects of deep Atlantic Ocean ventilation and its representation in climate simulations remain obscure. We investigate the nature of ventilation in the high-latitude North Atlantic in an eddy-permitting numerical ocean circulation model using a comprehensive set of Lagrangian trajectory experiments. Backward-in-time

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18

Katavouta, Anna, Richard G. Williams, and Philip Goodwin. "The Effect of Ocean Ventilation on the Transient Climate Response to Emissions." Journal of Climate 32, no. 16 (2019): 5085–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0829.1.

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Abstract The surface warming response to carbon emissions is affected by how the ocean sequesters excess heat and carbon supplied to the climate system. This ocean uptake involves the ventilation mechanism, where heat and carbon are taken up by the mixed layer and transferred to the thermocline and deep ocean. The effect of ocean ventilation on the surface warming response to carbon emissions is explored using simplified conceptual models of the atmosphere and ocean with and without explicit representation of the meridional overturning. Sensitivity experiments are conducted to investigate the

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19

Ruth, Eivind, and Øyvind N. Smogeli. "Ventilation of Controllable Pitch Thrusters." Marine Technology and SNAME News 43, no. 04 (2006): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2006.43.4.170.

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In oil and gas exploration and exploitation, many ships and rigs conduct station-keeping operations by the use of dynamic positioning (DP) systems or thruster-assisted position mooring (PM) systems. Such systems use thrusters to control the ship or rig position and heading. In severe weather conditions, thrusters may experience large and rapid changes in the propeller loading due to ventilation and in and out of water effects. To reduce the negative effects of this undesired dynamic loading on the mechanical components and the electrical power plant, the thruster controllers can locally compen

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20

Max, L., L. Lembke-Jene, J. R. Riethdorf, et al. "Pulses of enhanced North Pacific Intermediate Water ventilation from the Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea during the last deglaciation." Climate of the Past 10, no. 2 (2014): 591–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-591-2014.

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Abstract. Under modern conditions only North Pacific Intermediate Water is formed in the northwest Pacific Ocean. This situation might have changed in the past. Recent studies with general circulation models indicate a switch to deep-water formation in the northwest Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 (17.5–15.0 ka) of the last glacial termination. Reconstructions of past ventilation changes based on paleoceanographic proxy records are still insufficient to test whether a deglacial mode of deep-water formation in the North Pacific Ocean existed. Here we present deglacial ventilation records base

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21

Max, L., L. Lembke-Jene, J. R. Riethdorf, et al. "Pulses of enhanced North Pacific Intermediate Water ventilation from the Okhotsk Sea and Bering Sea during the last deglaciation." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 6 (2013): 6221–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-6221-2013.

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Abstract. Under modern conditions only North Pacific Intermediate Water is formed in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. This situation might have changed in the past. Recent studies with General Circulation Models indicate a switch to deep-water formation in the Northwest Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 (17.5–15.0 kyr) of the last glacial termination. Reconstructions of past ventilation changes based on paleoceanographic proxy records are still insufficient to test whether a deglacial mode of deep-water formation in the North Pacific Ocean existed. Here we present deglacial ventilation records bas

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22

Watson, Andrew J., Geoffrey K. Vallis, and Maxim Nikurashin. "Southern Ocean buoyancy forcing of ocean ventilation and glacial atmospheric CO2." Nature Geoscience 8, no. 11 (2015): 861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2538.

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23

Reverdin, Gilles, Ray F. Weiss, and William J. Jenkins. "Ventilation of the Atlantic Ocean equatorial thermocline." Journal of Geophysical Research 98, no. C9 (1993): 16289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93jc00976.

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24

Broecker, W. "Ventilation of the Glacial Deep Pacific Ocean." Science 306, no. 5699 (2004): 1169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1102293.

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25

Blanke, Bruno, Sabrina Speich, Gurvan Madec, and Rudy Maugé. "A global diagnostic of interior ocean ventilation." Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 8 (2002): 108–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001gl013727.

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MacGilchrist, Graeme A., David P. Marshall, Helen L. Johnson, Camille Lique, and Matthew Thomas. "Characterizing the chaotic nature of ocean ventilation." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122, no. 9 (2017): 7577–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017jc012875.

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27

Waugh, Darryn W., Francois Primeau, Tim DeVries, and Mark Holzer. "Recent Changes in the Ventilation of the Southern Oceans." Science 339, no. 6119 (2013): 568–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1225411.

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Surface westerly winds in the Southern Hemisphere have intensified over the past few decades, primarily in response to the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole, and there is intense debate on the impact of this on the ocean's circulation and uptake and redistribution of atmospheric gases. We used measurements of chlorofluorocarbon-12 (CFC-12) made in the southern oceans in the early 1990s and mid- to late 2000s to examine changes in ocean ventilation. Our analysis of the CFC-12 data reveals a decrease in the age of subtropical subantarctic mode waters and an increase in the age of circumpolar

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28

Wilson, Earle A., Stephen C. Riser, Ethan C. Campbell, and Annie P. S. Wong. "Winter Upper-Ocean Stability and Ice–Ocean Feedbacks in the Sea Ice–Covered Southern Ocean." Journal of Physical Oceanography 49, no. 4 (2019): 1099–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-18-0184.1.

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AbstractIn this study, under-ice ocean data from profiling floats, instrumented seals, and shipboard casts are used to assess wintertime upper-ocean stability and heat availability in the sea ice–covered Southern Ocean. This analysis reveals that the southern Weddell Sea, which features a weak upper-ocean stratification and relatively strong thermocline, is preconditioned for exceptionally high rates of winter ventilation. This preconditioning also facilitates a strong negative feedback to winter ice growth. Idealized experiments with a 1D ice–ocean model show that the entrainment of heat into

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29

Michalsky, Joseph J., Mark Kutchenreiter, and Charles N. Long. "Significant Improvements in Pyranometer Nighttime Offsets Using High-Flow DC Ventilation." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 34, no. 6 (2017): 1323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-16-0224.1.

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AbstractVentilators are used to keep the domes of pyranometers clean and dry, but they affect the nighttime offset as well. This paper examines different ventilation strategies. For the several commercial single-black-detector pyranometers with ventilators examined here, high-flow-rate [50 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and higher] 12-VDC (where VDC refers to voltage direct current) fans lower the offsets, lower the scatter, and improve the predictability of the offsets during the night compared with lower-flow-rate (35 CFM) 120-VAC (where VAC refers to voltage alternating current) fans operated

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Lago, Véronique, and Matthew H. England. "Projected Slowdown of Antarctic Bottom Water Formation in Response to Amplified Meltwater Contributions." Journal of Climate 32, no. 19 (2019): 6319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0622.1.

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Abstract The sinking and recirculation of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) are a major regulator of the storage of heat, carbon, and nutrients in the ocean. This sinking is sensitive to changes in surface buoyancy, in particular because of freshening since salinity plays a greater role in determining density at cold temperatures. Acceleration in Antarctic ice-shelf and land-ice melt could thus significantly impact the ventilation of the world’s oceans, yet future projections do not usually include this effect in models. Here we use an ocean–sea ice model to investigate the potential long-term imp

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31

Waugh, Darryn W. "Changes in the ventilation of the southern oceans." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2019 (2014): 20130269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0269.

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Changes in the ventilation of the southern oceans over the past few decades are examined using ocean measurements of CFC-12 and model simulations. Analysis of CFC-12 measurements made between the late 1980s and late 2000s reveal large-scale coherent changes in the ventilation, with a decrease in the age of subtropical Subantarctic Mode Waters (SAMW) and an increase in the age of Circumpolar Deep Waters. The decrease in SAMW age is consistent with the observed increase in wind stress curl and strength of the subtropical gyres over the same period. A decrease in the age of SAMW is also found in

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32

Stöven, T., T. Tanhua, and M. Hoppema. "Transient tracer applications in the Southern Ocean." Ocean Science Discussions 11, no. 5 (2014): 2289–335. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-11-2289-2014.

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Abstract. Transient tracers can be used to constrain the Inverse-Gaussian transit time distribution (IG-TTD) and thus provide information about ocean ventilation. Individual transient tracers have different time and application ranges which are defined by their atmospheric history (chronological transient tracers) or their decay rate (radioactive transient tracers). The classification ranges from tracers for highly ventilated water masses, e.g. sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), the decay of Tritium (δ3H) and to some extent also dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) to tracers for less ventilated deep ocea

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Stocker, Thomas F., and Daniel G. Wright. "The Effect of a Succession of Ocean Ventilation Changes on 14C." Radiocarbon 40, no. 1 (1997): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200018233.

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Using the model of Stacker and Wright (1996), we investigate the effect of a succession of ocean ventilation changes on the atmospheric concentration of radiocarbon, δ14Catm, the surface reservoir ages, the top-to-bottom age differences, and the calendar-14C age relationships in different regions of the ocean. The model includes a representation of the cycling of 14C through the atmosphere, the ocean and the land biosphere. Ocean ventilation changes are triggered by increasing rates of freshwater discharge into the North Atlantic, which are determined according to a simple feedback mechanism b

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Duplessy, Jean-Claude, Maurice Arnold, Edouard Bard, Anne Juillet-Leclerc, Nejib Kallel, and Laurent Labeyrie. "AMS 14C Study of Transient Events and of the Ventilation Rate of the Pacific Intermediate Water During the Last Deglaciation." Radiocarbon 31, no. 03 (1989): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003382220001208x.

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14C analysis of monospecific samples of planktonic and benthic foraminifera were performed in deep-sea sediment cores from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). These measurements demonstrate that the Younger Dryas cold event, first described in the north Atlantic, is also present at the same time in the north Pacific Ocean. The comparison of the 14C ages of planktonic and benthic foraminifera from the same sediment level in two Pacific cores shows that the ventilation time of the Pacific Ocean was greater than today during the last ice age, but significantly

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Gnanadesikan, A., and J. L. Russell. "How does ocean ventilation change under global warming?" Ocean Science 3, no. 1 (2007): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-3-43-2007.

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Abstract. Since the upper ocean takes up much of the heat added to the earth system by anthropogenic global warming, one would expect that global warming would lead to an increase in stratification and a decrease in the ventilation of the ocean interior. However, multiple simulations in global coupled climate models using an ideal age tracer which is set to zero in the mixed layer and ages at 1 yr/yr outside this layer show that the intermediate depths in the low latitudes, Northwest Atlantic, and parts of the Arctic Ocean become younger under global warming. This paper reconciles these appare

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Liu, Ling Ling, and Rui Xin Huang. "The Global Subduction/Obduction Rates: Their Interannual and Decadal Variability." Journal of Climate 25, no. 4 (2012): 1096–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jcli4228.1.

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Abstract Ventilation, including subduction and obduction, for the global oceans was examined using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) outputs. The global subduction rate averaged over the period from 1959 to 2006 is estimated at 505.8 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1), while the corresponding global obduction rate is estimated at 482.1 Sv. The annual subduction/obduction rates vary greatly on the interannual and decadal time scales. The global subduction rate is estimated to have increased 7.6% over the past 50 years, while the obduction rate is estimated to have increased 9.8%. Such trends may be ins

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Gnanadesikan, A., J. L. Russell, and F. Zeng. "How does ocean ventilation change under global warming?" Ocean Science Discussions 3, no. 4 (2006): 805–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-3-805-2006.

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Abstract. Since the upper ocean takes up much of the heat added to the earth system by anthropogenic global warming, one would expect that global warming would lead to an increase in stratification and a decrease in the ventilation of the ocean interior. However, multiple simulations in global coupled climate models using an ideal age tracer which is set to zero in the mixed layer and ages at 1 yr/yr outside this layer show that the intermediate depths in the low latitudes become younger under global warming. This paper reconciles these apparently contradictory trends, showing that a decrease

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Fine, Rana A., Kevin A. Maillet, Kevin F. Sullivan, and Debra Willey. "Circulation and ventilation flux of the Pacific Ocean." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 106, no. C10 (2001): 22159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jc000184.

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Fine, Rana A., William M. Smethie, John L. Bullister, et al. "Decadal ventilation and mixing of Indian Ocean waters." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 55, no. 1 (2008): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2007.10.002.

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Broecker, Wallace S., Elizabeth Clark, Irena Hajdas, and Georges Bonani. "Glacial ventilation rates for the deep Pacific Ocean." Paleoceanography 19, no. 2 (2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003pa000974.

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41

Watson, Andrew J., Timothy M. Lenton, and Benjamin J. W. Mills. "Ocean deoxygenation, the global phosphorus cycle and the possibility of human-caused large-scale ocean anoxia." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2102 (2017): 20160318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0318.

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The major biogeochemical cycles that keep the present-day Earth habitable are linked by a network of feedbacks, which has led to a broadly stable chemical composition of the oceans and atmosphere over hundreds of millions of years. This includes the processes that control both the atmospheric and oceanic concentrations of oxygen. However, one notable exception to the generally well-behaved dynamics of this system is the propensity for episodes of ocean anoxia to occur and to persist for 10 5 –10 6 years, these ocean anoxic events (OAEs) being particularly associated with warm ‘greenhouse’ clim

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Sohail, Taimoor, Bishakhdatta Gayen, and Andrew McC. Hogg. "The Dynamics of Mixed Layer Deepening during Open-Ocean Convection." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, no. 6 (2020): 1625–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-19-0264.1.

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AbstractOpen-ocean convection is a common phenomenon that regulates mixed layer depth and ocean ventilation in the high-latitude oceans. However, many climate model simulations overestimate mixed layer depth during open-ocean convection, resulting in excessive formation of dense water in some regions. The physical processes controlling transient mixed layer depth during open-ocean convection are examined using two different numerical models: a high-resolution, turbulence-resolving nonhydrostatic model and a large-scale hydrostatic ocean model. An isolated destabilizing buoyancy flux is imposed

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Weinans, Els, Anne Willem Omta, George A. K. van Voorn, and Egbert H. van Nes. "A potential feedback loop underlying glacial-interglacial cycles." Climate Dynamics 57, no. 1-2 (2021): 523–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05724-w.

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AbstractThe sawtooth-patterned glacial-interglacial cycles in the Earth’s atmospheric temperature are a well-known, though poorly understood phenomenon. Pinpointing the relevant mechanisms behind these cycles will not only provide insights into past climate dynamics, but also help predict possible future responses of the Earth system to changing CO$$_2$$ 2 levels. Previous work on this phenomenon suggests that the most important underlying mechanisms are interactions between marine biological production, ocean circulation, temperature and dust. So far, interaction directions (i.e., what causes

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Bachman, Scott D., and Andreas Klocker. "Interaction of Jets and Submesoscale Dynamics Leads to Rapid Ocean Ventilation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 50, no. 10 (2020): 2873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-20-0117.1.

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ABSTRACTOcean ventilation is the process by which climatically important tracers such as heat and carbon are exchanged between the atmosphere and ocean interior. In this paper a series of numerical simulations are used to study the interaction of submesoscales and a topographically steered jet in driving rapid ventilation. The ventilation is found to increase both as a function of wind stress and model resolution, with a submesoscale-resolving 1/120° model exhibiting the largest ventilation rate. The jet in this simulation is found to be persistently unstable to submesoscale instabilities, whi

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MCPHEE, MILES G. "Is thermobaricity a major factor in Southern Ocean ventilation?" Antarctic Science 15, no. 1 (2003): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102003001159.

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The Weddell Polynya, a large expanse of water that originated over Maud Rise (a bathymetric protrusion centred near 64°30′S, 3°E) and remained open during winter in the late 1970s, may have manifested a mode of deep ocean convection where despite large heat loss at the surface, sustained heat transport from below prevents lasting ice formation. In a different dominant mode (the present one), sea ice forms early in the winter and subsequently provides a thermal barrier that quickly quells incipient deep convection, thus preventing wholesale destruction of the ice cover. A possible mechanism for

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Stöven, T., and T. Tanhua. "Ventilation of the Mediterranean Sea constrained by multiple transient tracer measurements." Ocean Science Discussions 10, no. 5 (2013): 1647–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-10-1647-2013.

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Abstract. Ventilation is the prime pathway for ocean surface perturbations, such as temperature anomalies, to be relayed to the ocean interior. It is also the conduit for gas exchange between atmosphere and ocean and thus the mechanism whereby, for instance, the interior ocean is oxygenated and enriched in anthropogenic carbon. The ventilation of the Mediterranean Sea is fast in comparison to the world ocean and has large temporal variability, so that quantification of Mediterranean Sea ventilation rates is challenging and very relevant for Mediterranean oceanography and biogeochemistry. Here

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Yin, Qiuzhen. "Insolation-induced mid-Brunhes transition in Southern Ocean ventilation and deep-ocean temperature." Nature 494, no. 7436 (2013): 222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11790.

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Wagner, M., and I. L. Hendy. "Trace metal evidence for a poorly ventilated glacial Southern Ocean." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 2 (2015): 637–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-637-2015.

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Abstract. Glacial benthic δ13C and Δ14C measurements from the Atlantic Ocean have been interpreted to indicate the existence of a poorly ventilated Southern Ocean with greater CO2 and nutrient contents compared to present. Enhanced storage of CO2 in the deep ocean predicts that oxygen concentrations should have declined at the same time, although no unequivocal evidence for glacial Southern Ocean suboxia has yet been found. Here we take a novel approach by using concentrations of redox-sensitive trace metals to show that Southern Ocean sediments from two cores in the Atlantic sector were subox

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Skinner, Luke, Francois Primeau, Aurich Jeltsch-Thömmes, Fortunat Joos, Peter Köhler, and Edouard Bard. "Rejuvenating the ocean: mean ocean radiocarbon, CO₂ release, and radiocarbon budget closure across the last deglaciation." Climate of the Past 19, no. 11 (2023): 2177–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2177-2023.

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Abstract. Radiocarbon is a tracer that provides unique insights into the ocean's ability to sequester CO2 from the atmosphere. While spatial patterns of radiocarbon in the ocean interior can indicate the vectors and timescales for carbon transport through the ocean, estimates of the global average ocean–atmosphere radiocarbon age offset (B-Atm) place constraints on the closure of the global carbon cycle. Here, we apply a Bayesian interpolation method to compiled B-Atm data to generate global interpolated fields and mean ocean B-Atm estimates for a suite of time slices across the last deglaciat

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Rae, James W. B., and Wally Broecker. "What fraction of the Pacific and Indian oceans' deep water is formed in the Southern Ocean?" Biogeosciences 15, no. 12 (2018): 3779–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3779-2018.

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Abstract. In this contribution we explore constraints on the fractions of deep water present in the Indian and Pacific oceans which originated in the northern Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean. Based on PO4* we show that if ventilated Antarctic shelf waters characterize the Southern contribution, then the proportions could be close to 50–50. If instead a Southern Ocean bottom water value is used, the Southern contribution is increased to 75 %. While this larger estimate may best characterize the volume of water entering the Indo-Pacific from the Southern Ocean, it contains a significant porti

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