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Nithyanandham Masilamani and Dhanraj Ganapathy. "Awareness about Anti-microbial Applications of Ocimum sanctum Herb." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (September 17, 2020): 740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.3013.
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Ocimum sanctum happens to be an aromatic shrub belonging to the basil family Lamiaceae.This herb has originated in central India and grown throughout the eastern part of the world. Ocimum sanctum is recommended as a treatment for a wide range of both infectious and non-infectious diseases. This survey was performed for assessing the awareness about antimicrobial applications of Ocimum sanctum herb. A cross-sectional study was done with a self-administered questionnaire with ten questions circulated among 100 dental students. The questionnaire assessed the awareness about Ocimum sanctum therapy in medical applications, their anti-microbial, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic and anti-ulcer activity. The responses were recorded and analysed.83% of the respondents were not aware of anti-microbial applications of Ocimum sanctumtherapy .74% were not aware of anti-bacterial properties of Ocimum sanctumtherapy .85% were not aware of anti-fungal properties of Ocimum sanctum therapy. 69% were not aware of the anti-viral properties of Ocimum sanctum therapy. 73% were not aware of anti-parasitic activity Ocimum sanctum therapy. 76% were not aware of anti-ulcer activity of Ocimum sanctum. The awareness about the use of Ocimum sanctum therapy in antimicrobial applications is low among dental students. Increased awareness programs and sensitization and continuing dental education programs along with greater importance to the curricular modifications, can further enhance knowledge and awareness about Ocimum sanctum therapy.
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A. M. Abdul Ghaffar, Hadeer, Ashraf A. A.Elkomy, and Enas A.H. Farag. "Hepatorenal protective effect of ocimum sanctum in chickens toxicated by gentamicin." International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 9, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31421.
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Background: ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) “Queen of herbs” is considered as sacred and medicinal plant in a lot of countries around the world especially India. Therefore this study was carried out to investigate the heptorenal protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract against gentamicin induced hepatorenal toxicity in chickens.Materials and Methods: A total 100, one-day old unsexed broiler chicks of a commercial breed (Cobb breed) were used in this study, the chickens were subjected to different treatments blood and tissue samples were collected at 5th week of age post administration, biochemical and histopathological examinations were utilized to investigate protective effect of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract on liver and kidney.Results: gentamicin recorded significant (P<0.05)increase in serum level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid and creatinine levels when compared with control group, the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin ameliorate their toxic effect, the group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only similar to control, while gentamicin induce significant (P<0.05)decrease in serum albumin, total protein and globulin levels when compared with control group, ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin restore their toxic effect. The group treated with ocimum sanctum aqueous extract only as control. Gentamicin induce histopathological alterations in liver and kidney tissues by comparison with control group and ocimum sanctum aqueous extract treated group as control, while the administration of ocimum sanctum aqueous extract with gentamicin showing improvement in histopathological lesion compared with toxic effect induced by gentamicin.Conclusions: The hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin were ameliorated by aqueous extract of ocimum sanctum especially at dose of 2ml/liter in drinking water for 12 days.
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Ramamurthy, Jaiganesh. "Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of Ocimum sanctum intra oral gel for combating periodontal diseases." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161026.
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It is of interest to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of Ocimum sanctum (an Indian herb, Thulsi) intra oral gel in combating periodontal diseases. Hence, 2% of O. sanctum gel was prepared with Carbopol940 soaked in purified water containing 0.2% w/v sodium benzoate overnight. Hydroxy proplyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) solution was mixed with propylene glycol using using tissue homogenizer. Anti-oxidant effect was analyzed using DPPH radical assay and anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. Ocimum sanctum gel with various dilutions from10 micro litres to 50 micro litres showed exponential increase in percentage of inhibition from 60.9 to 72.2 exhibiting antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ocimum sanctum gel showed comparatively equivalent effect with standard diclofenac gel with values ranging from 76.6 for 50 micro liters of Ocimum sanctum gel and 89.6 for standard gel at 50 micro liters. Ocimum sanctum showed less toxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii. Thus we show that Ocimum sanctum gel showed potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect and less toxic to brine shrimp nauplii as a promising agent for the treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Ramamurthy, Jaiganesh. "Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of Ocimum sanctum intra oral gel for combating periodontal diseases." Bioinformation 16, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161026.
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It is of interest to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant effect and cytotoxicity of Ocimum sanctum (an Indian herb, Thulsi) intra oral gel in combating periodontal diseases. Hence, 2% of O. sanctum gel was prepared with Carbopol940 soaked in purified water containing 0.2% w/v sodium benzoate overnight. Hydroxy proplyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) solution was mixed with propylene glycol using using tissue homogenizer. Anti-oxidant effect was analyzed using DPPH radical assay and anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. Ocimum sanctum gel with various dilutions from10 micro litres to 50 micro litres showed exponential increase in percentage of inhibition from 60.9 to 72.2 exhibiting antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ocimum sanctum gel showed comparatively equivalent effect with standard diclofenac gel with values ranging from 76.6 for 50 micro liters of Ocimum sanctum gel and 89.6 for standard gel at 50 micro liters. Ocimum sanctum showed less toxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii. Thus we show that Ocimum sanctum gel showed potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect and less toxic to brine shrimp nauplii as a promising agent for the treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Borhanuddin, Md. "Study of Antihypertensive effects of Ocimum sanctum." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 15, no. 3 (November 3, 2016): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v15i3.30189.
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Background: Ocimum sanctum is a well reputed medicinal herb being used in the treatment of various ailments in this Indo Pak Subcontinents since ancient time.Methods: In this study the Antihypertensive effects of water extract of Ocimum sanctum and Water soluble fraction of methanol extract of Ocimum sanctum were tried for its antihypertensive effects on albino rats. Extracts were administered via vein and BP was recorded in the carotid artery by direct invasive method.Result: Normal blood pressure was 81/71 mm of Hg (mean blood pressure was 75 mm of Hg. Water extract of Ocimum sanctum has got significant antihypertensive effect (19-30 %). Water soluble fraction of methanol extract of Ocimum sanctum has also got significant antihypertensive effect (15-27 %).Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.357-361
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Amelia Niwele, Aulia Debby Pelu, and Laitupa Hardiyanti L. "Uji Aktivitas Antibkteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocium Sanctum L) Asal Desa Ureng Kabupaten Maluku Tengah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus epidermis." Jurnal Kesehatan Amanah 5, no. 2 (October 20, 2021): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.57214/jka.v5i2.139.
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One of the plants that can use drugs is the (Ocimum Sanctum Linn). Basil leaves are one of the many available and readily available natural plants in Asia such as Indonesia.In addition to using it as fly,basil leaves are used as bronchitis,malaria,diarrhoea,skin disease,and so on.Studies have been conducted on the test of the leaf’s antibacterial ethanol (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) for the growth of the staphylococcus epidermis bacteria by using the diffusion method for the commonwealth.The study is to identify the extract of basil leaf ethanol (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) that gives resistance to bacteria. Basil leaves (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) in extraction by means 0f a 96% ethanol solducer. The results of the extraction are then in the screening of antibacterial activity at a concentration 25%,50%,and 100%. Tests obtained indicate that ethanol extract is 96% of basil leaves (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) cannot prevent the growth of the staphylococcus epidermis bacteria. The false factor derived from the powdered leaf ethanol extract (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) is influenced by mildew suspension,milquetide exposure to media,incubation temperatures,incubation times,media thickness,and media composition.
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M., Vinaya, Kudagi B. L., Mohammed Ameeruddin Kamdod, and Mallikarjuna Swamy. "Bronchodilator activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn. (tulsi) in mild and moderate asthmatic patients in comparison with salbutamol: a single-blind cross-over study." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 6, no. 3 (February 24, 2017): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20170543.
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Background: Bronchial asthma is one of the commonest chronic inflammatory diseases. The drugs available to treat bronchial asthma such as, beta-2 agonists, though very effective are associated with adverse effects. Therefore, the Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) which was shown to have antiasthmatic activity in Ayurveda, is evaluated in this study.Objectives: To evaluate the bronchodilator activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in mild and moderate asthma and compare its efficacy with the standard bronchodilator drug, Salbutamol.Methods: This is a single-blind cross-over study. Capsules of Ocimum sanctum Linn. (200 mg, twice daily) and Salbutamol sulphate (2 mg, twice daily) were administered in 41 patients. Each drug was administered for a period of one week with a washout period of one week between the two drug schedules. FEV1 and PEFR were recorded in these patients to assess the bronchodilator activity before the drug administration, on 4th and on 7th day of administration of Ocimum sanctum and the parameters obtained were compared with that of the standard drug, Salbutamol.Results: Ocimum sanctum 200mg twice daily produced significant improvement in both FEV1 and PEFR values, on 4th and 7th day and also produced improvement in symptoms of asthma. On comparing the results with that of Salbutamol 2mg twice daily, the bronchodilator activity of Ocimum sanctum was found to be less efficacious, where Salbutamol produced very highly significant improvement in FEV1 and PEFR values on both 4th and 7th day.Conclusions: Our results suggest that Ocimum sanctum Linn. possesses significant bronchodilator activity in mild and moderate bronchial asthma.
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Nababan, Evalentina, and Hasruddin Hasruddin. "The Effect Of Giving Ocimum sanctum L. Leaf Extract On Growth Of Bacteria Bacillus cereus." JURNAL BIOSAINS 1, no. 2 (January 9, 2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jbio.v1i2.2787.
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The aim of this research is to know the effect giving Ocimum sanctum L. leaf extract on growth of bacteria Bacillus cereus. This research has been done in microbiology laboratory FMIPA UNIMED in March 2015. The design of experiment of this research is Random Sampling Non Factorial with six concentrations Ko = 0%, K1 = 2%, K2 = 4%, K3 = 6%, K4 = 8% dan K5 = 10%. The parameter observed of bacteria Bacillus cereus for 48 hours by calculating blocked zone diameter with incubation period 1 x 24 hours and 2 x 24 hours. The result of the research data shows that different concentration of Ocimum sanctum L. effect on the blocked zone diameter of Bacillus cereus growth. The largest blocked zone diameter is 12,9 mm which is produced by 10% concentration of Ocimum sanctum L. leaf extract with incubation time 2 x 24 hours and the smallest blocked zone diameter is 4,7 mm which is produced by 2% concentration of Ocimum sanctum L. leaf extract with incubation time 2 x 24 hours. Key words: Etanol, Ocimum sanctum L. leaf, Bacillus cereus.
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Bhattacharyya, Piyali, and Anupam Bishayee. "Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Tulsi)." Anti-Cancer Drugs 24, no. 7 (August 2013): 659–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cad.0b013e328361aca1.
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Nurani, Neng Vera, and Neily Zakiyah. "Artikel Ulasan: Aktivitas Ekstrak Tanaman Ocimum sp. terhadap Streptococcus mutans Penyebab Karies Gigi." Indonesian Journal of Biological Pharmacy 2, no. 3 (December 27, 2022): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/ijbp.v2i3.39911.
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Karies gigi termasuk salah satu penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling umum terjadi pada manusia. Penyebab umum dari karies gigi ini disebabkan oleh bakteri gram positif Streptococcus mutans. Karies gigi dapat dicegah dengan menyikat gigi dan pemberian antibakteri. Tanaman tradisional telah terbukti menjadi sumber yang lebih baik dalam pencarian senyawa antibakteri baru. Tanaman herbal yang mempunyai potensi antibakteri diantaranya yaitu kemangi (Ocimum sp.) yang tumbuh subur di Indonesia. Terdapat beberapa jenis tanaman Ocimum sp. diantaranya Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum americanum, dan Ocimum sanctum. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode literature review. Ketiga jenis ekstrak Ocimum memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Ekstrak Ocimum basilicum mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri sedang sampai kuat dengan nilai zona hambat 6,9-10,26 mm, ekstrak Ocimum americanum memiliki zona hambat kuat sebesar 17,5 mm dan ekstrak Ocimum sanctum memiki zona hambat kuat-sangat kuat sebesar 12-22 mm. Diantara 3 jenis Ocimum sp., ekstrak Ocimum sanctum pada pelarut etanol 100% yang diuji dengan metode sumuran mempunyai aktivitas dan efektivitas paling kuat untuk menghambat Streptococcus mutans dengan nilai zona hambat 22 mm.
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Naik, Suresh R., Vishnu N. Thakare, and Vandana S. Panda. "CURCUMIN, OCIMUM SANCTUM AND GINKGO BILOBA IMPROVE HEMODYNAMIC, BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOARCHITECTURAL ALTERATIONS IN ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED CARDIAC DAMAGE." INDIAN DRUGS 52, no. 04 (April 28, 2015): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.52.04.p0005.
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Curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum scantum are traditionally used for the treatment of cardiovascular and hepatic disorders. The effects of curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum sanctum were studied [acute (4 days) and chronic (60 days)] alone and in combination (60 days) on isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiac necrosis in rats. The antioxidant related paradigms viz. cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and cardiac glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase; serum biomarkers, and hemodynamics along with histoarchitecture alterations, were investigated in isoproterenol induced cardiac necrosis in rats. Significant elevation of serum markers; aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase, increased MDA formation and depletion of antioxidant enzymes along with significant hemodynamic alterations were observed in ISO induced cardiac necrosis in rats. Curcumin, Ginkgo biloba and Ocimum sanctum treatment reversed/ improved serum marker enzymes, elevated MDA, and restored the depleted antioxidants, hemodynamic alterations and histoarchitecture of the heart, both in acute as well as with chronic treatment. However, the combined chronic treatment of curcumin + Ocimum sanctum and Ginkgo biloba + Ocimum sanctum exhibited improvement in both cardiac antioxidants, serum biomarkers as well as hemodynamic and histoarchitecture alterations induced by ISO. Curcumin, Ocimum sanctum and Ginkgo biloba were found to elicit cardioprotective activity on ISO induced cardiac necrosis mainly though amelioration of oxidative stress and membrane stabilizing effect.
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Sari, Ghani Nurfiana Fadma, and Sri Rejeki Handayani. "The Effect Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Propagation Chloroform Fraction of Ocimum sanctum L. Towards Hela Cells Line Culture." Biomedika 13, no. 1 (July 11, 2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.774.
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Materials used in the research are Ocimum sanctum L, a herbaceous shrub used in traditional medicine displaying as immunomodulator, anti-stress, hepatoprotective, kemopreventif, and anti-inflammatory. A research to identify its ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum has been conducted, showing that it possesses cytotoxic activities to HeLa cells with IC50 value of 209µg/ml. The aim of this research is to find out activities cytotoxic and apoptotic propagation chloroform fraction of Ocimum sanctum towards HeLa cells line. The extraction was done using maceration using ethanol 96% solvent and fractionation was done using chloroform. Effects of chloroform fraction on HeLa cells were tested using MTT at various dosages (500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.25) µg/ml. Cisplatin (Kalbe) was applied as positive control. The effect apoptotic propagation chloroform fraction of Ocimum sanctum on HeLa cells was observed by DNA painting method using orange ethridium bromide-acridine. The test results showed that the chloroform fraction of Ocimum sanctum extract on HeLa cells had an IC50 value of 155.67 µg / ml ± 46.99 and Cisplatin had an IC50 value of 16.81 µg / ml ± 20.37. Double staining test shows the existence of cells undergoing apoptosis. Based on these results, the chloroform fraction Ocimum sanctum has been shown to be cytotoxic and has the possibility of stimulating apoptosis of cervical cancer cells (HeLa). This can be used as a basis for the development of these plants as anticancer agents with specific action targets.
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Bhat, Z. F., Sunil Kumar, and Lokesh Kumar. "Effect of Ocimum sanctum Linn (Tulsi) on the oxidative stability and storage quality of chicken sausages." Nutrition & Food Science 45, no. 4 (July 13, 2015): 510–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-01-2015-0002.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to explore the possibility of utilization of Ocimum sanctum Linn (Tulsi) leaf extract as a natural preservative in muscle foods. The products incorporated with Ocimum sanctum leaf extract were assessed for various oxidative stability and storage quality parameters. Design/methodology/approach – The Ocimum sanctum leaf extract was incorporated at 300 mg/kg level in the formulation. Chicken sausages incorporated with Ocimum sanctum leaf extract along with control samples were aerobically packaged in low-density polyethylene pouches and assessed for lipid oxidation, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics under refrigerated (4 ± 1°C) conditions. Findings – Ocimum sanctum leaf extract showed a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the lipid stability, as the treated products exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (mg malonaldehyde/kg) and free fatty acid (% oleic acid) values in comparison to control. A significant (p < 0.05) effect was also observed on the microbiological characteristics of the products, as the treated products showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower values for total plate count, psychrophilic count and yeast and mould count. Significantly, (p < 0.05) higher scores were also observed for various sensory parameters of the treated products. Originality/value – The paper has demonstrated the use of Ocimum sanctum leaf extract as a potential natural preservative, as it successfully improved the oxidative stability and storage quality of the products during refrigerated (4 ± 1°C) storage and may be commercially exploited as a natural preservative in muscle foods.
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Kharisma, Vanna Lidya, Setiawan Koesdarto, Koesnoto Supriandono, Lucia Tri Suwanti, Sri Agus Sudjarwo, and Kusnoto Kusnoto. "Anthelmintic Activity Ethanol Extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves Against Ascaridia galli In Vitro." Journal of Parasite Science 2, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jops.v2i1.16380.
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The aims of this research are to determine concentration, exposure time, interaction between concentration and exposure time of ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves to cause death toward Ascaridia galli in vitro, and the value of LC50 and LC90 ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. Leaves. Research design that has been used in the research was completely randomized design. This research used 200 samples of Ascaridia galli with length 7-11 cm without differentiating their sex. The concentration ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves were 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%. The control was using CMC-Na 0.5%. Each treatment then being replicated four times. The observation and recording of dead worm were done at 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. Ascaridia galli were declared dead if there was no movement while disturbed by anatomy tweezers and dipped in slightly warm water (50ºC). The obtained data was analyzed using Anova Factorial and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test by SPSS for Windows 22. The result were 10% concentration and exposure time for 24 hours caused the most mortality toward Ascaridia galli. Interaction between concentration and exposure time resulted 10% concentration ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves in 24 hours caused the most mortality towards Ascaridia galli. Probit analysis was used to calculate the LC50 and LC90 of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves. The results were LC50 ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn. leaves at 6 hours was 14.8%, at 12 hours was 4.8% and at 24 hours was 3.0% and the LC90 at 24 hours was 9.1%.
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Sasmito, Emma Hidayati, Afif Nurul Hidayati, Rahmadewi, Sawitri, Budi Utomo, Sudjarwo, Pepy Dwi Endraswari, Diah Mira Indaramaya, and Dwi Murtiastutik. "Comparison of Antifungal Susceptibility Basil Leaves Extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.), Eugenol, and Nystatin against Isolates of Candida spp. as Important Agent causing Oral Candidiasis in HIV/AIDS Patient." Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin 34, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikk.v34.3.2022.162-168.
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Background: Oral candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida sp. in areas of the oral mucosa that are often found in HIV/AIDS patients. Increased antifungal resistance, it was important to find new antifungal candidates, especially from natural ingredients, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) which had major compound of eugenol that had an antifungal effect in inhibiting of Candida sp. Purpose: To evaluate the comparison of the antifungal susceptibility of nystatin, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol against isolates of Candida sp. Methods: This study examined the comparison of the antifungal susceptibility of nystatin 100 IU, basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol, and eugenol 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL against 40 stored isolates of Candida sp. from the oral cavity of HIV/AIDS patient which was reactivated. Result: The mean inhibition zone of nystatin for all isolates was 22.98 mm, while the mean inhibition zone of eugenol with doses of 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL were 17.07 mm and 15.89 mm, and the mean inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) with doses equivalent to 800 µg/mL and 400 µg/mL eugenol are 14.87 mm and 14.01 mm. The inhibition zone of basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol was significantly lower than nystatin (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Conclusion: The zone of inhibition of nystatin was significantly higher compared to basil leaf extract (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) and eugenol against Candida albicans and Candida non-albicans isolates.
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Maryanti, Sri, Taufiqurrachman Nasihun, and Helfi Amalia. "The Effect of Administering Lemon Basil (Ocimum sanctum) Leaves on FSH and LH Estrogen Levels and Size of Ovarian Antral Follicle in Female Balb/C Mice." Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (December 26, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/sainsmed.v10i2.2612.
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INTRODUCTION: Ocimum sanctum have been proven effective in decreasing Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels, and sperm number, and also increase male testosterone levels. However, so far no evidence has been found on the effect of Ocimum sanctum leaves on the levels of estrogen, FSH, LH, and the size of ovarian anthral follicles. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of Ocimum sanctum leaves on estrogen, FSH, LH and the size of antral follicle of female Balb/C mice.METHODS: In the post test only control group design, 12 female Balb/C mice were assigned into 2 groups. The treatment group (OS-G) was given 0.08 gram of ocimum sanctum leaves, three times a day for 30 days and the control group (C-G) received no ocimum sanctum. Estrogen, FSH anduLH levels wereumeasured on the 30th day, the mice were sacrificed and taken up by their ovaries. HE preparationsuwere then madeuand HE was performed, and the size of the antral follicle of the ovary was measured .RESULTS: Mann Whitney analysisuindicateduthat estrogen and FSH levels in OS-G group were significantly higher compared to that of C-G group, p<0.05. Based on independent t-test, the level of LH in OS-G was significantly higher than that of C-Gugroup, p><0.05. On the contrary, uthe size of ovarianuanthralufollicle in OS-Guwas smaller than that of C-Gugroup, p><0.05. CONCLUSION: Ocimum sanctum increased the levels of estrogen, FSH, LH and decreased the size of ovarian antral follicle in female of Balb/C mice.>
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Kewlani, Aakash, Seema Bhalerao, Harshavardhan Bhide, Teja Deshpande, Abhijeet Tilak, and Nilima Dharkar. "Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Ocimum Sanctum, Azadirachta Indica and their Combination with Aspirin in Chemically Induced Acute Inflammation." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 1509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2252.
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Scope and Objective:Ocimum sanctum and Azadirachta indicaare known to be safe and effective anti-inflammatory agents in ayurveda. So, this study was planned to evaluate and compare anti-inflammatory activity of Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica and combination of Ocimum sanctum + Azadirachta indica (COA) with Aspirin on acute inflammation in rats and also to assess mechanism behind their anti-inflammatory action. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats of either sex (150-250 g) were divided into 5 groups with six rats in each group. To induce inflammation, formalin (2.5%, 0.1 ml) was injected into sub-plantar region of left hind paw of rats. The study groups were administered orally with distilled water (3 ml), Aspirin (200 mg/kg), Ocimum sanctum (400 mg/kg), Azadirachta indica (500 mg/kg) and COA (400 mg/kgOcimum sanctum+500 mg/kgAzadirachta indica) half an hour before the formalin challenge. Effect of test drugs on acute inflammation was assessed by rat paw oedema test&mechanism behind their action was assessed using histopathological examination. Results:In rat paw oedema test, Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica and COA groups showed significant reductionin oedema as compared to control; Azadirachta indica and COA groupsalso showed comparable effect to Aspirin group. In histopathological examination, Aspirin, Azadirachta indica and COA groups caused significant reduction in vasodilation, oedema, infiltration and margination of neutrophils while Ocimum sanctum group only caused significant reduction in oedema. Conclusion: This study revealedthat all test groups have significant anti-inflammatory efficacy;Azadirachta indica and COA also have comparable efficacy to Aspirin.
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Jivan Munja Dhotare, Mukundraj Govindrao Rathod, Praneeta Dattatraya Barkhude, Gautam Tanaji Kamble, Namrata Vinodkumar Dongrajkar, Shidheshwar Narayanrao Shivankar, Umesh Pravin Dhuldhaj, and Anupama Prabhakarrao Pathak. "Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by using aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum leaves and its antibacterial activity." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 13, no. 2 (February 28, 2023): 015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.13.2.0066.
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Nanoparticles are described as substances with at least one exterior dimension between 1 and 100 nm. Nanoparticles can be produced by physical, chemical, or biological processes. Nanoparticle production techniques include chemical reduction, electrochemistry, photochemistry, and physical vapour condensation. However, some of these methods are very expensive and risky. The biological method for creating nanoparticles is simple, quick, inexpensive, dependable, and risk-free in comparison to these technologies. Our current study documented the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) leaves extract and their antibacterial activity. We have used UV-vis spectroscopy to characterise copper nanoparticles. Ocimum sanctum leaves extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins that might serve as capping and stabilising agents for the green synthesis of Ocimum sanctum-copper nanoparticles. In the form of a zone of growth inhibition, the copper nanoparticles demonstrated promising effects against all of the chosen bacteria. It was discovered that copper nanoparticle formation increased along with the reaction time of Ocimum sanctum leaves extract and copper sulphate. The inhibitory action of copper nanoparticles was found to increase along with the concentration of copper sulphate in solution. The effectiveness of different volumes of Ocimum sanctum leaves extract in reducing copper ions was assessed, and its effectiveness against Escherichia coli was confirmed.
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Kayani, Hammad Afzal, Mariam Raziq, Syeda Kahkashan Kazmi, Sheeba Naz, and Saifullah Khan. "Efficient Protocol for In vitro Regeneration of Ocimum sanctum using Nodal Segments as Explants." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 64, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.64.1.2021.13.17.
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Ocimum sanctum commonly called (holy basil) an herb containing medicinal, ornamental values, is often used in culinary applications. This research focuses on the improved and efficient protocol for the direct regeneration and acclimatisation of Ocimum sanctum using nodal segments. Organogenesis and multiplication from explants were observed to a maximum on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L of 6-Benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 0.025 mg/L of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, same medium was found effective for the induction of roots, in the in-vitro grown plantlets. A series of experiments were conducted to optimise the acclimatisation of in-vitro grown rooted plantlets of Ocimum sanctum. For this study different types of potting mix in assorted ratios were used to obtain best supporting media for the acclimatisation, A7 media containing soil : farmyard manure (75:25) and A1 media containing (100%) sand were found best supporting medium for the acclimatisation and hardening of Ocimum sanctum.
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Shamim, Mufzala, Nazish Iqbal Khan, and Zohra Khan. "Effect of Ocimum sanctum (Basil) leaf in high-fat-diet induced hyperlipidemic rat." BioSight 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/bios.v3i1.39.
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Dyslipidemia mediated atherosclerosis is the key pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. Present study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Ocimum sanctum leaf consumption against high-fat-diet induced hyperlipidemia in rat model. A total of 18 Wistar albino rats (200-215 g) were randomly divided as control, HFD (hyperlipidemic) and OS-treated groups. HFD-group received high fat diet (HFD) for 15 days, OS-treated group administered with Ocimum sanctum leaf powder (200 mg / kg of bodyweight / day) together with HFD diet for 15 days. Blood samples were analyzed for changes in plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and very-low-density lipoprotein. Plasma atherogenic index was also calculated. HFD administration significantly increase plasma lipid levels and atherogenic index in HFD-group. Ocimum sanctum supplementation significantly reduce decrease plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoproteins and atherogenic index in OS-treated rats. 15 days Ocimum sanctum leaf (powder) supplementation at dose of 200 mg / kg of bodyweight / day effectively attenuates dyslipidemia in hyperlipidemic rats.
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Tanwar, Tanuj, Arvind Kumar, and Nrip Kishore Pankaj. "Oxidative stability and storage quality analysis of Ocimum sanctum L. extracts incorporated chicken nuggets." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 2182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1109.
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The present study was done to explore the antioxidant potential of locally available herb holy basil viz. Ocimum sanctumL.. in enhancing the shelf-life of emulsion based chicken nuggets. Chicken nuggets are widely cherished meat cuisine but it is vulnerable to spoilage due to excessive fats and protein content. Thus, chicken nugget fortified with 1, 2, and 3% of itsethanolic-aqueous extracts of O. sanctum and along with control was studied to explore the potency of holy basil on oxidative stability and storage quality of chicken nuggets on 0,7,14 and 21 daysat refrigeration temperature. 80% ethanolic aqueous extracts of O. sanctum were prepared, standardized, optimized and incorporated in chicken nuggets. Chicken nuggets prepared with fortification of 3% O. sanctum extract were adjudged best among all with overall acceptability of 7.16±0.071 value in sensory analysis. The O. sanctum extract treated chicken nugget’s pH, FFA, TBA, Total plate count, Pychrophilic count, Yeast and Mold count were found to be in acceptable range of 4.49±0.008, 0.320±0.0005, 0.979 ±0.0012,<4,<2,<2 log10cfu/g respectively on 21days of refrigeration storage. Extracts of O. sanctum fortified chicken nuggets were safe for human consumption even 21 days of refrigerated storage (4±1˚C) on the basis of pH, FFA, TBA value, microbiological profile and sensory evaluation. The results proved the antioxidant potential of holy basil O. sanctumand chicken nuggets fortified with (3%) Ocimum sanctum extract could be safe for a period of 21 days in refrigerated (4±10C) storage without any marked loss of physico-chemical, microbial and sensory quality.
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Srivastava, Arun Kumar. "Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum): A Potent Adaptogen." Clinical Research Notes 2, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8816/037.
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Tulsi or holy basil is a dedicated plant of India. It is a pungent plant in the family Lamiaceae which is mother to the Indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the Southeast Asian tropics. Tulsi is considered to be an adaptogen, balancing different processes in the body, and helpful for adapting to stress. Tulsi, one with a purple‑colored leaf or dark variety, commonly known as the Shyama or Krishna Tulsi and the second type with a green‑colored leaf or light variety known as Rama Tulsi or Sri Tulsi. The chemical composition of Tulsi is highly complex, containing many nutrients and other biologically active compounds. Tulsi also helps to check cancers caused by toxic compounds by reducing DNA damage. Tulsi has also been shown to boost defenses against infective threats by intensify immune responses in non-stressed and stressed animals and healthy humans. The O. sanctum fixed oil elongate clotting time, response being similar to aspirin. Basil juice is an effective medicament for sore eyes and night-blindness, which is generally caused by deficiency of vitamin A
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Priyawan Rachmadi, Elly Munadziroh, Muh Rizqi Aksanu Azizi, and Nurul Kiswati Maulani. "Surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin after exposure of basil leaf extract solution." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0045.
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Background: Dental caries is a chronic dental disease due to microbial metabolic activity, which causes tooth demineralization. Dental caries prevalence in Indonesia in 2018 was 45.3%. The prevalence value of dental caries can be reduced by restoring teeth and maintaining oral hygiene. One of the dental restoration materials is nanohybrid composite resin. Basil leaf extract solution (Ocimum sanctum) has the potential to be used as a mouthwash because it contains eugenol and polyphenols, which have antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans at concentrations of 2% and 4% to improve oral hygiene and prevent primary and secondary caries. Secondary caries occurs due to bacteria's attachment and penetration of restorative materials with a rough surface. The surface roughness of the composite increased after exposure to eugenol and polyphenols. Purpose: To determine the effect of exposure to a solution of Ocimum sanctum leaf extract concentration of 2% and 4% on the surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin. Methods: Plant determination, phytochemical test, acidity test, immersion for five days, and surface roughness test. Results: Ocimum sanctum leaf extract contains 0.21% eugenol and 5.11% polyphenols, and the extract solution has a pH of 4.7. The mean increase in surface roughness on the top and bottom surfaces of the nanohybrid composites after exposure to 2% and 4% Ocimum sanctum leaf extract solutions was significantly different from exposure to distilled water (p<0.05). Conclusion: Exposure to Ocimum sanctum leaf extract solution increased the surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin.
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Karthikeyan, K., P. Gunasekaran, N. Ramamurthy, and S. Govindasamy. "Anticancer Activity of Ocimum Sanctum." Pharmaceutical Biology 37, no. 4 (January 1999): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/phbi.37.4.285.5801.
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Swapnavahini, Korla, Tanuku Srinivas, Pinapathruni Lokesh Kumar, Manjeti Shanthi Kumari, and Tholapi Lakshmi. "Feasibility study of anaerobic digestion of Ocimum sanctum leaf waste generated from Sanctum sanctorum." BioResources 5, no. 1 (January 10, 2010): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.5.1.389-396.
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The waste originated in temples is presently piled up at one place and then disposed off in water bodies or dumped on land to decay, leading to water and soil pollution. The present work aims to determine the biogas yield and nutrient reduction potential of Ocimum sanctum (basil) leaf waste obtained from temples. Laboratory scale digesters of 2.5 L capacity were used and fed with basil leaf waste, which was digested in a batch reactor for a retention period of 30 days at room temperature. Preliminary results indicate that the process is effective in reducing the pollution potential of the basil waste. The process removed up to 73% and 42% of total solids and BOD, respectively, along with biogas production.
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Halim, A. M., A. B. Cahyanurani, and A. A. Aonullah. "The effect of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract on haematology of Cyprinus carpio infected by Aeromonas hydrophila." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1036, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1036/1/012086.
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Abstract Cyprinus carpio L. is one of the most important freshwater fish and has been intensively cultivated. However, microbial infection become restricting component that can cause economic loss in carp production and the use of commercial antibiotics for therapy produces adverse side effects. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract on haematology of Cyprinus carpio against A. hydrophila infection. For this purpose, fish that have been infected were immersed in different doses of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract (50, 150, 250, 350 ppm) and compared with the control group. After 1 week of immersion, total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, and deferential leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes) were recorded. The result showed that significant increase of total erythrocytes was obtained at the concentration of 350 ppm Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract. Furthermore, decreasing of the total leukocytes about 55.06×103 to 25.77×103, also decreasing deferential leukocytes (monocytes 40%, neutrophils 31% and lymphocytes 49% from the positive control). These results suggested that 350 ppm of Ocimum sanctum L. crude extract is beneficial to enhance the haematological status of common carp against A. hydrophila.
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Suresh, Velumani, Ramachandran Balaraman, Pooja Patel, and Mohit Buddhadev. "Effects of Aqueous Extract of Tulsi and Cardamom on Elderly Depressive Subjects - A Preliminary Clinical Study." Journal of Natural Remedies 21, no. 3 (July 6, 2021): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jnr/2021/27128.
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An aqueous extract of <em>Ocimum sanctum</em> (Tulsi) and <em>Elettaria cardamomum</em> (Cardamom) was administered to elderly subjects suffering from depression living in selected old age home. Geriatric Depression Assessment Scale was used to assess the level of depression; based on the scale, 40 subjects were selected for the study. The subjects were divided into two groups of twenty each. Experimental group received aqueous extracts of<em> Ocimum sanctum</em> and <em>cardamom</em> for eight weeks, similarly, control group received aqueous extract of <em>green tea leaves.</em> Post assessment was done after eight weeks of treatment in both the control and experimental groups. Aqueous extracts of <em>Ocimum sanctum</em> and <em>cardamom</em> were found to have a significant anti depressive effect on experimental group after 8 weeks, while control group did not show any significant change. Preliminary data of the study showed a significant antidepressive activity of <em>Ocimum sanctum</em> and <em>cardamom</em> extracts.
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Manjunath, SM, Lakshmana Rao Bathala, Ch Vekateswara Rao, S. Vinuta, and Raghu Vemulapalli. "Efficacy of Ocimum sanctum for Relieving Stress: A Preclinical Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 6 (2012): 782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1229.
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ABSTRACT History and objective The aim of this study was to study the anxiolytic effects of Ocimum sanctum stress-induced anxiety. Materials and methods The study was carried out using male albino rats (200 ± 50 gm), male albino mice (25 ± 100) the effect of O. sanctum evaluated for anxiety and depression using forced swim test FST and rotarod test. Results Restraint stress (3 hours/day for six consecutive days) induced a significant reduction. It was significantly decreases the mobility period during stress. The standard deviation values are 14.4 and 9.26 and is statistically significant (p = 0.001). In rotarod test, (a) increased latency and (b) decreased ambulation and rearing were also reversed by O. sanctum. A significant increase in immobility period was observed in FST and TST after restraint stress. O. sanctum and C. sinensis significantly reduced the immobility times of rats in FST and TST. Conclusion Ocimum sanctum possess significant antistress activity but the magnitude and efficacy for relieving stress is less, when compare to standard anxiolytic agent, i.e. Alprazolam. How to cite this article Bathala LR, Rao CV, Manjunath SM, Vinuta S, Vemulapalli R. Efficacy of Ocimum sanctum for Relieving Stress: A Preclinical Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(6):782-786.
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Supriyanto, Edy, Antin Dikayanti, Novita Andriani, Henry Ayu Kartikasari, Rosil Qohhar, and Agus Geter Edy Sutjipto. "Analysis of Absorbance Patterns and Functional Groups of BIO-Dye (Ocimum sanctum) Based on pH Variations in the Wet and Dry Extraction Method." Materials Science Forum 1025 (March 2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1025.38.
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Bio-Dye is a dye derived from natural ingredients that have an important role in DSSC performance. This Bio-Dye is later in charge of absorbing sunlight entering the DSSC cells. Bio-Dye is a dye derived from natural ingredients that have an important role in the performance of the DSSC. This Bio-Dye is the one that will be in charge of absorbing sunlight entering the DSSC cells). One important key to know DSSC performance is to pay attention to the quality of the BIO-Dye. A good BIO-Dye can be seen by knowing the absorbance pattern and the function group of the dye its self. This research was conducted to determine absorbance patterns and functional groups based on pH variations in the wet and dry extraction methods contained in the Ocimum sanctum. The absorbance pattern was seen using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a functional group using FTIR. The chlorophyll pigment contained in the BIO-Dye (Ocimum sanctum leaf) was extracted using an ethanol solvent and added acetic acid to produce variations in pH values. The UV-Vis spectrometer measurement results showed the highest absorbance pattern was possessed by Ocimum sanctum dye in the dry extraction method and at natural pH (pH = 6.5). The peak absorbance they have is 648 nm, 614 nm, and 537 nm. The FTIR spectrum was obtained from Ocimum sanctum information containing the same functional groups when variations in pH values were carried out in the wet and dry extraction methods. The functional groups are OH groups at wave number 3356.57 cm-1, CH at 2975.37 cm-1, C = O at 1652.50 cm-1, CN at 1383.81 cm-1, C = C at 880.25 cm-1, and CH absorbed at wave number 1087.78 cm-1. In general, it can be concluded that natural dye from Ocimum sanctum has a high absorbance in the visible light region and contains COOH compounds that can strengthen the bond of dye with TiO2 semiconductors so that Ocimum sanctum can be used as a dye in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC).
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B. Lade, Diksha, Dayanand P. Gogle, and Bipin D. Lade. "Development of Silver Nanoparticles/PEG/Glycerine Composite for Antibacterial Effect using Leaf Extract of Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum." Volume 4,Issue 5,2018 4, no. 5 (November 12, 2018): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30799/jnst.161.18040517.
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The main purpose of the experiment is to use green synthesis method for silver nanoparticles (SNP) fabrication using phytochemical and functional groups inherent in aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum for formulation of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ Glycerine film. The SNP synthesis reaction is performed under sun condition and change in colour from light brown to dark brown was the initial indication, observed for nanoparticles synthesis. The 95 mL of 0.001 M AgNO3 is mixed with 5 mL of leaf extract and reaction performed under Sun light at alkaline pH 8 was found efficient to produced stable NP. The synthesized SNP are mixed with (10%, 50%, 100%, 150%, 200% and 250%), polyethylene glycol (PEG):glycerine (G) in 1:1 ratio to form a film. The UV-spectroscopic analysis confirms absorption at 420-430 nm for synthesized SNP. The FTIR characterization determines alkynes (terminal), 1�, 2� amines, amides, nitriles, alkynes, alkyl halides functional group from O. sanctum (OS) leaf extract and aldehydes, alkynes (terminal), alkyne, alkene, from O. basilicum (OB) leaf extract responsible for reducing and capping silver nitrate to form nanoparticles. The SEM analysis verify that the O. sanctum based nanoparticles are spherical in shape although O. basilicum based nanoparticles have bright contrast coral reef like morphology. The average zeta potential of silver nanoparticles was found to be 27.74 mV and 23.50 mV that are embedded in Ocimum sanctum-SNP/PEG and Ocimum basilicum-SNP/PEG films. Also, the average diameters of SNP in Ocimum sanctum-SNP/PEG and in Ocimum basilicum-SNP/PEG was found to be 463.2 nm and 43.0 nm. These Sun light mediated SNP shows antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureous pathogens.
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Kumar, Sachin, Harsh Dhankhar, Naveena Dinodia, and Seema Kumari. "Comparative study on phytochemical analysis of active ingredient of Ocimum sanctum and Glycyrrhiza glabra leaf extracts." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29 (2023): 05–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.002.
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The objectives of this study includes the collection of Ocimum sanctum and Glycyrrhiza glabra leaves for phytochemical extraction and preparation of solvent (aqueous) extraction from them for phytochemical analysis. Moreover it further involves the extraction of carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides and secondary metabolites from the leaves extract for phytochemical screening. On the basis of it the comparative study of Ocimum sanctum and Glycyrrhiza glabra was done.
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Harikumar, P. S., and C. M. Manjusha. "Study on the antibacterial activity of selected natural herbs and their application in water treatment." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 6, no. 2 (August 22, 2013): 199–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-6-199-2013.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The microbial contamination of water is a world-wide environmental problem. Many traditional methods are being used in various parts of the world to purify the water. According to World Health Organization, 80% of world's population living in rural areas relies on herbal traditional medicines as their primary health care. So the study on properties and uses of medicinal plants are subject to growing interests. An attempt was made to assess the antibacterial properties of certain selected herbs such as <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> (Krishna Tulsi), <i>Ocimum kilimandscharicum</i> (Karpoora Tulsi), <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> (Ram Tulsi), <i>Azadirachta indica</i> (Neem), <i>Simarouba glauca</i> (bitterwood), <i>Caesalpinia sappan</i> (Pathimugam), <i>Cuminum cyminum</i> (Jeerakam), <i>Vetiveria zizanioides</i> (Ramacham), <i>Saraca indica</i> (Ashoka tree) and <i>Murraya koenigii</i> (curry leaves) against different bacteria such as total coliforms, faecal coliforms, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Bacillus</i> sp. and <i>Serratia</i> sp. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was determined by spread plate method, Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, most probable number (MPN) method and Petrifilm method. The shelf life of the herbal extract <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> (Krishna Tulsi) was also determined using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. A comparison study of the antibacterial efficiency of the three varieties of <i>Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum kilimandscharicum</i> and <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> was also done. After the complete analysis of the antibacterial activity of different herbs, <i>Ocimum sanctum</i>, the most efficient herb, was selected and treatment methods based on the herb were developed so that it can be used conveniently in various households. Therefore <i>Ocimum sanctum</i> plant can be further subjected to isolation of therapeutic antimicrobial and pharmacological evaluation.</p>
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Manjula, K. N., S. Renuka, R. Raja Rishi, and R. Sundararaj. "Insect pests of Ocimum sanctum Linn. in Karnataka." ENTOMON 47, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v47i1.690.
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Gupta, Vaibhav K. "Assessment of antioxidant activity of Ocimum sanctum in healing of thermal burn wound with and without supportive treatment of silver sulfadiazine in rabbits." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 7 (June 24, 2019): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192656.
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Background: Burns remain a major public health issue all over the world, especially in developing countries. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of infection and death in patients with severe burns. So, there is a need to develop drugs which will decrease complications and prevent infections more effectively than the presently used drugs.Methods: Ocimum sanctum, ointment silver sulfadiazine and 24 Rabbits were used in this study. Animals were acclimatized and divided randomly into 04 groups of 06 animals each. After producing partial thickness burn wound ointment silver sulfadiazine was applied daily on the burn wound and Ocimum sanctum was administered orally once daily. Healing was assessed by wound contraction and Oxidative stress and Antioxidant Activity were measured by Malondialdehyde and Superoxide dismutase respectively. Results were analysed by student’s ‘t’ test, one way ANOVA followed by Dennett’s test. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: At the end of treatment (After 28th Day) Group treated with ointment silver sulfadiazine+Ocimum sanctum showed maximum Percentage of wound contraction (93.17±4.34), maximum decrease of MDA percentage (0.30±0.02 nmol/ml) and maximum increase of SOD percentage (0.0045±0.0002 IU/gm of Hb).Conclusions: Most effective treatment for burn wound healing in this study was ointment silver sulfadiazine+Ocimum sanctum.
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Zainab Fatma, Mansi Rani, Shifa Maryam, Meena, Saurabh Sharma, and Rizwan Ahmad. "Ameliorative effect of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) extract with spectific reference to phytochemical properties." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 3, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2022.3.1.0105.
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Objective of the present study was to carry out the phytochemical standardization of Ocimum sanctum leaves to develop the standard phytochemical parameters of this valuable medicinal plant. Many standardization parameters of Ocimum sanctum were analyzed and Standard method was adopted for the preliminary phytochemicals screening. Analysis of pesticides residues, aflatoxin & heavy metals were also performed. The sections of Ocimum sanctum leaves were prepared for quantitative microscopic parameters. The air dried powdered plant material was subjected for determination of physicochemical standardizations like ash value, Extractive value and fluorescence nature of the powder drug using light of short and long wavelength of 254nm and 366nm respectively. Phytochemical screening was performed for the identification of phytoconstituents in the plant which was helpful in the development of analytical profile. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, proteins, saponins and lipids in the drug extract and flourescence nature of drug was confirmed by fluorescence analysis in different solvent. Concentrations of heavy metals,ash value and extractive value were determined and found within acceptable Pharmacopoeial limits. Pesticides residues and aflatoxins were also determined but not detected in the tested samples. The physicochemical and phytochemical standards which are outcome of this research may be utilized as substantial data for identification and standardization of Ocimum sanctum leaves.
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Sea, Ogen, Mas'ud Hariadi, Setiawan Koesdarto, Muchammad Yunus, Kusnoto Kusnoto, and Ngakan Made Rai Widjaja. "Anthelmintic Activity of Basil Leaves (Ocimum sanctum Linn.) Infusion Against Ascaris suum In Vitro." Journal of Parasite Science 1, no. 2 (November 26, 2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jops.v1i2.16285.
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Ascaris suum is a parasite nematode that causes infection in swines with high prevalence rates in host populations and usually associated with liver damages called “milk spots” caused by larvae migration, resulting in organ condemnation. Basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum) phytochemical constituents contains flavonoid, phenol and tannin. Tannins and phenolics are known to interfere with the energy generation in helminth parasites by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and also bind to free proteins in the gastrointestinal tract of host animal or glycoprotein on the cuticle of the parasite and leading to death. This study was aimed to determine the activity of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum) infusion in several concentrations against A. suum in vitro. This research used six treatments and four replications. This research used 10 A. suum in each treatment with four replication. The observations were done at 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 hours in an incubator at 37oC. Based on the data analysis, basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum) infusion has anthelmintic activity against A. suum in vitro. The greater of the concentration and the longer of time of immersion, will make the death percentage of A. suum become higher. Concentration of basil leaves (Ocimum sanctum) infusion 15% is the effective concentration that can kill 100% of the A.suum during 36 hours of immersion.
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Shivpuje, Prachi, Renuka Ammanangi, Kishore Bhat, and Sandeep Katti. "Effect of Ocimum sanctum on Oral Cancer Cell Line: An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 9 (2015): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1745.
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ABSTRACT Background Cancer till today remains the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Plants have been beacon of therapeutic sources for curing diseases from times immemorial. Hence, the present study aimed at evaluating the antiproliferative activity of extract of Ocimum sanctum leaves on oral cancer cell line. Objectives: • To evaluate the antiproliferative effect and to analyze dose dependent cytotoxic activity of aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaves on KB mouth cell line. • To compare the effectiveness among different variety of O. sanctum. Materials and methods KB cells (Mouth Epidermal Carcinoma Cells) were used for the present study. Aqueous and dry extract of O. sanctum with both dark (Krishna Tulsi) and light (Rama Tulsi) leaves were prepared in the institution. The antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity on KB cell line was evaluated by MTT assay. Statistical analysis with Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon matched pairs test was carried out. Results The aqueous extract of O. sanctum of both the leaves exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against oral cancer cell line. Conclusion Aqueous extract of O. sanctum leaves was effective as an antiproliferative agent which caused apoptosis in oral cancer cell line. Clinical significance Ocimum sanctum herb which is abundantly grown in India can be used for its anticancer properties for treating oral cancer. This will not only be cost-effective but will also have less or no side effects. How to cite this article Shivpuje P, Ammanangi R, Bhat K, Katti S. Effect of Ocimum sanctum on Oral Cancer Cell Line: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(9):709-714.
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Bhattacharya, Aniket, Ashok Aggarwal, Navnita Sharma, and Jagbeer Cheema. "Evaluation of some anti-oxidative constituents of three species of Ocimum." International Journal of Life Sciences 8, no. 5 (January 8, 2015): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i5.11858.
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The use herbal medicines for combating with several kinds of health hazards has been traditionally practiced by different human societies since long past. Among the plants known for their therapeutic value, the genus Ocimum, commonly known as ‘Basil’ is very important for its curative potential. In traditional Ayurvedic system mainly the leaves and the seeds of different species of ‘Basil’ were recommended for household remedies from several diseases. Three different species of Ocimum (Ocimum sanctum L., Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum canum Sims.) were grown under laboratory condition for analyzing some of their antioxidative constituents using standard methods. The results revealed that the leaf extract of Ocimum canum had the highest amount of carotenoids, phenolics, and flavonoid content than the other two species. Riboflavin and thiamine content also much higher in Ocimum canum, whereas Ocimum sanctum contained highest amount of ascorbic acid. The results obtained in this effort clearly indicate that, the leaves of these three species of ‘Basil’ have strong antioxidative potential, and surely can be used as a cheap source of natural antioxidants.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v8i5.11858
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Gupta, Priyanka. "Allelopathic Effect of Extracts of Medicinal Plants on Mungbean in Vivo Conditions." Current Agriculture Research Journal 4, no. 1 (April 18, 2016): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.4.1.14.
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The experiments were conducted at Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Krishi Vishavidhyalaya,Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India to see the allelopathic effect of medicinal leaf extracts of Ocimum sanctum L., Calotropis procera(Ait.) Ait.f and Astragalus tribuloides Delile on the plumule length of mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) in vivo conditions. The results indicated that different extracts such as alcoholic,aqueous acidic and alkaline extract of Ocimum sanctum L., Calotropis procera(Ait.) Ait.f and Astragalus tribuloides Delile showed different plumule length of mungbean in vivo conditions. All the extracts of Ocimum sanctum L.showed no effect in comparison of control. The alcoholic extract of Calotropis procera(Ait.) Ait.f, produce considerably higher as compared to control followed by aqueous, acidic but alkaline extract showed negative effect on plumule length of mungbean. However, the alcoholic and alkaline extracts of Astragalus tribuloides Delile showed positive effect than aqueous acidic extract on the plumule of mungbean.
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Singh, Dr Maneesha. "Role of Plants in Different Religious Ceremonies Common to Uttarakhand Region." International Journal of Ayurveda and Herbal Research (IJAHR) 1, no. 1 (2023): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/ijahr.v1i1.4.
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Many traditional religious ceremonies and festivals in India are associated with specific plants. Association of plants like Azadiracta indica with Gudipadva, Ficus benghalensis with vatpurnima, Bauhinia racemosa with dashara and Ocimum sanctum with tulsi vivaha is well known. The present study deals with some of the important plants such as Ficus religiosa (peepal), Ficus benghalensis (vat), Ocimum sanctum etc. which are related to pujas or other religious ceremonies in which they are offered by the women of Uttarakhand region.
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Chahal, Harmel Singh, and Shailendra Sharma. "Effect of Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum on haloperidol induced parkinsonism." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5 (September 10, 2018): 288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1871.
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The aim of the study is protective effect of compound Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum on Parkinsonism induced mice by haloperidol injection. Parkinsonism is neurodegenerative disease due to the deficiency of dopamine in brain. The pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease in the cell loss within substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region and the disease is charactrised by bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability, orofacial dyskinesia, muscular stiffness and tremor1. Mice were injected 1mg/kg haloperidol and then treated with test and standard substance for 15 days. The impairment in catatonia in mice were tested using catatonic activity. Biochemical analysis of brain homogenate was performed so ass to assess brain Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) level and reduced glutathione (GSH) and TNF-α level were measured to assess total oxidative stress. EA 300mg/kg and OS 400mg/kg show slightly change in catatonic activity in mice while EA 600mg/kg and 800mg/kg significantly change in catatonic activity. Furthermore, Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum prevent the haloperidol induced changes in the level of brain TBARS, GSH and TNF-α. From the results we conclude that Eclipta alba and Ocimum sanctum has protective action against impairment in catatonic activity and pathological damage due to oxidative stress induced by intraperitoneally injection of haloperidol in mice.
Keywords: Eclipta alba, Ocimum Sanctum, Parkinsonism, Anti-oxidant.
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Amelia, Eria Khoirunisa, Lely Sulfiani Saula, and Ahsanal Kasasiah. "Perbandingan Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dan Daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 5, no. 2 (December 2, 2022): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v5i2.141.
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Penanganan infeksi Escherichia coli dapat diatasi dengan penggunaan antibiotik. Namun, resistensi antibiotik dapat terjadi jika penggunaannya tidak tepat. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut perlu dilakukan pengobatan alternatif dengan memanfaatkan tumbuhan sebagai terapi dasar yang mungkin sebagai obat. Daun kemangi ( Ocimum sanctum ) dan daun sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata ) merupakan alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam pengobatan sebagai zat antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya hambat pada daun kemangi ( Ocimum sanctum ) dan daun sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata ) serta kombinasi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli secara in vitro. Uji aktivitas daya hambat menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun kemangi ( Ocimum sanctum ) dan daun sambiloto ( Andrographis paniculata ) memperoleh zona penghambatan tertinggi pada konsentrasi 100%. Pada uji kombinasi kedua ekstrak, konsentrasi 50%:50% memberikan zona hambat paling optimum dengan diameter rata-rata 33,1 mm. Hasil statistik one-way ANOVA (p=0,001) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata pada diameter zona hambat dari masing-masing kelompok perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli .
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Tabassum, Sana, Hafiz Rameez Khalid, Waqar ul Haq, Sidra Aslam, Abdulrahman Alshammari, Metab Alharbi, Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka, Mohsin Khurshid, and Usman Ali Ashfaq. "Implementation of System Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Approaches to Explore Active Compounds and Mechanism of Ocimum Sanctum against Tuberculosis." Processes 10, no. 2 (February 2, 2022): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020298.
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Worldwide, Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. Ocimum sanctum, commonly known as holy basil (Tulsi), is an herbaceous perennial that belongs to the family Lamiaceae and is considered one of the most important sources of medicine and drugs for the treatment of various diseases. The presented study aims to discover the potential phenomenon of Ocimum sanctum in the medicament of tuberculosis using a network pharmacology approach. Active ingredients of Ocimum sanctum were fetched through two different databases and from literature review and then targets of these compounds were harvested by SwissTargetPrediction. Potential targets of TB were downloaded from GeneCards and DisGNet databases. After screening of mutual targets, enrichment analysis through DAVID was performed. Protein–protein interaction was performed using the String database and visualized by Cytoscape. Then the target-compound-pathway network was constructed with Cytoscape. In the end, molecular docking was performed to get the potential active ingredients against tuberculosis. Eight active ingredients with 776 potential therapeutic targets were obtained from O. sanctum, 632 intersected targets from two databases were found in TB, 72 common potential targets were found from TB and O. sanctum. The topological analysis exposes those ten targets that formed the core PPI network. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis reveals that active compounds have the greater binding ability with the potential target to suppress TB.
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Zamin, Madiha. "Ocimum sanctum May Overcome Fatigue Stress." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 14, no. 21 (October 15, 2011): 1000–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2011.1000.1001.
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Chatterjee, Prof (Dr ). Sirshendu Chatterjee, Shaktijit Das, Moumita Saha, Pranabesh Ghosh, Titav Sengupta, Subhadra Nandi, Sohini Kulavi, and Suprodip Mandal. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Olden-landia corymbosa and Ocimum sanctum Leaf Aqueous Extract." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 13, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 4959–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.3.11.
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The field of nanotechnology is the most renowned area of research in modern day science. One of the most convenient and comprehensive technique related to the synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts and their subsequent action. On the other hand, herbal medicines become an integral part of modern-day treatment strategy around the globe; combination of these two ways are widely accepted and beneficial due to its low cost, better societal recognition and less side effects. Phytochemical analysis revealed that leaf aqueous extract of two medicinal plants Oldenlandia corymbosa and Ocimum sanctum, harbours high concentration of antioxidants and bioactive molecules. Hence our present course of study aims at the green synthesis of silver nano-conjugates using Oldenlandia corymbosa and Ocimum sanctum leaf aqueous extracts. The synthesized nano-conjugates have undergone advanced chara-cterization techniques including UV-Vis Spectro-photometry, DLS, and FT-IR. The UV-Vis spectroscopy results showed single peak at 420 nm and 430 nm for Oldenlandia corymbosa and Ocimum sanctum nano-conjugates, respectively. The particle size for Oldenlandia corymbosa and Ocimum sanctum nano-particles are 21.04 nm and 24.36 nm, respectively as observed from the DLS data, and finally, the FT-IR data confirms the conjugation of bioactive molecules of the medicinal plants indicating that primary amines, secondary amines, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, alkenes, functional groups of the bioactive molecules are responsible for the stability of prepared silver nano-conjugates
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Medda, Sharmistha. "Acute Toxicity Alterations in Oxidative Stress Enzymes and Biochemical Parameters in Oreochromis mossambicus, Induced by Cartap Hydrochloride and the Modulatory Effects of Ocimum sanctum Supplementation." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, no. 4 (December 25, 2022): 520–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/15.4.8.
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The present study was assessed to determine the acute toxicity and the changes in oxidative stress enzymes and some other biochemical parameters at the sublethal level of a thiocarbamate pesticide cartap hydrochloride on freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. The study reveals that the 96h median lethal concentration (LC50) value of cartap hydrochloride is 20.7 µg/l. Besides, the exposed fish also exhibited erratic behavioral responses at the acute level. The effects of cartap hydrochloride at the sublethal concentration (30% of 96h LC50 value) after 15d and 30d exposure induces alterations in biochemical parameters of freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Moreover, the modulatory effects of Ocimum sanctum powder (20 gm/kg feed) on the toxicity of cartap hydrochloride were investigated. The investigation demonstrated that sublethal concentrations of cartap hydrochloride increased the levels of liver catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Additionally, the exposed fish treated with dietary Ocimum sanctum abridged the toxic effects of the pesticide. Moreover by using integrated biomarker response (IBR) and biomarker response index (BRI) the change in the health status of pesticide exposed fish upon addition of Ocimum sanctum supplemented diet over control diet was determined. These results indicate that cartap hydrochloride alters the survivability and behavioral responses of Oreochromis mossambicus at the acute level and changes the biochemical parameters at the sublethal level which was modulated by the additament of Ocimum sanctum.
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Roshan Kumar, Keshamma E., Shravan Kumar Paswan, Purabi Saha, Utkarsh Trivedi, Anurag Chourasia, and Mihir Otia. "Alkaloid Based Chemical Constituents of Ocimum santum & Cinchona Bark : A Meta Analysis." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.2.4.
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This article provides a concise summary of the recent developments that have been achieved in our comprehension of the asymmetric addition processes that are catalysed by native Cinchona alkaloids and their derivatives. This class of reactions includes cycloadditions, 1,4-adds, direct nucleophilic additions across carbon–oxygen or carbon–nitrogen double bonds, and direct nucleophilic additions across carbon–oxygen double bonds. Because of their capacity to catalyse the addition of a wide variety of functional groups to C9, many Cinchona alkaloids have been utilised in these processes as catalysts. These functional groups include amino, alkoxy, hydroxyl, amido, urea, and thiourea, among others. The importance of mechanical variables is emphasised in many different contexts. Additionally, the utilisation of adducts in future synthesis is sometimes broken down into its component steps. Ocimum basilicum was discovered to be mostly consisted of estragol (> 35.71 percent), (E)-ocimene (> 1.47 percent), trans-bergamotene (> 0.83 percent), a-cadinol (> 0.41 percent), eucalyptol (> 0.25 percent), and -caryophyllene (> 0.07 percent), whereas Ocimum sanctum is primarily composed of eucaly There is a greater concentration of chemical components in the leaves of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum sanctum than there is in the actual inflorescence or flowers of the plant. The genetic distance between the two species was analysed in order to better understand the interspecies relationship, and the results showed that it was 2.86. The small difference in genetic makeup that exists between Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum sanctum is evidence that these two species are related to one another and share similar traits.
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M.Padmaja, M. Padmaja, and Dr Amara Srinivasulu. "Non-enzymatic Antioxidant Potentialities of Ocimum Sanctum and Ocimum Gratissimum- a Comparative Study." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 12 (October 1, 2011): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/dec2013/175.
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Soediono, Jhudi Bonosari, Muhammad Zaini, Desyana Nufus Sholeha, and Nor Jannah. "UJI SKRINNING FITOKIMIA DAN EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum Sanctum (L.)) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BASIS SALEP HIDROKARBON DAN BASIS SALEP SERAP." Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Kesehatan dan Teknologi 1, no. 1 (April 11, 2019): 17–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52674/jkikt.v1i1.4.
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Kemangi merupakan tanaman obat tradisional yang banyak ditemukan diwilayah Indonesia. Daun kemangi berkhasiat sebagai analgetika, antiinflamasi, antibakteri, dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan salep yang memenuhi persyaratan, mengetahui sifat fisik salep ekstrak etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum (L.)) dengan menggunakan basis salep hidrokarbon dan basis salep serap dan mengidentifikasikan kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat pada Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum (L.)). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan melakukan pembuatan dan evaluasi sediaan salep Daun Kemangi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum (L.)) mengandung senyawa flavanoid, tannin, dan steroid dan dapat dijadikan sediaan salep yang memenuhi syarat evaluasi fisik. Uji organoleptis meliputi warna dan bau, dari kedua basis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan tipe basis salep ekstrak etanol daun kemangi menyebabkan adanya perbedaan pada kekuatan bau sediaan salep sedangkan untuk warna kedua sediaan memiliki warna hitam. Pada uji pH kedua sediaan memiliki pH 5, pH tersebut memenuhi persyaratan pH sediaan topikal yaitu antara 4,5 – 7 yang sama dengan pH normal kulit. Pada uji homogenitas kedua sediaan menunjukkan bahwa sediaan Homogen (tidak ada gumpalan kasar). Uji daya sebar, basis salep hidrokarbon memiliki daya sebar seluas 5,2 cm sedangkan pada basis salep serap hanya seluas 5 cm.
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Khan, Faraz, Rajesh Kumar Tenguria, Firoz Naem Khan, and Kamal Uddin Zaidi. "ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EDOPHYTES AGAINST OF SALMONELLA TYPHII AND SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 12, no. 04 (November 30, 2021): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202112439.
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The emergence of new diseases and development of drug resistance has increased in recent years. The prime focus is in need for novel and safe bioactive compounds to support all aspects of mankind. Ever increasing diseases throttled search for bioactive compounds and drug development for the public health. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of culture filtrate of isolated endophytes; Melanospora fusispora, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium moniliforme and Cladosporium Cladosporium from Ocimum sanctum which were able to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhii and Salmonella typhimurium. It is concluded that endophytes isolated from Ocimum sanctum leaf possess certain compounds with therapeutic value against Salmonella typhii and Salmonella typhimurium.