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Pesaresi, Simone. "Analisi e controllo di qualità di immagini da OCRA TableTop MRI." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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OCRA Tabletop MRI è un setup di risonanza magnetica da tavolo usato a scopo didattico e di ricerca. Il sistema è composto da un magnete permanente da 0.28 T, 4 bobine di gradiente e una bobina a RF usata sia per trasmettere che per ricevere i segnali.
I segnali sono elaborati da una scheda di acquisizione che comunica in rete i risultati delle scansioni. Il setup è abbastanza economico e versatile in quanto permette di personalizzare le sequenze di acquisizione e di modificarle in tempo reale.
In questo contesto si è inserito il lavoro descritto in questo elaborato: una interfaccia grafica (GUI) che permettesse di visualizzare il volume acquisito nelle tre viste sagittale, coronale e assiale e di valutarne la qualità. Dalla vista assiale la GUI consente quindi di selezionare delle ROIs (Regions of Interest), regioni di un determinato tipo, forma e dimensione, importanti per valutare la qualità dell’immagine tramite la stima del rapporto segnale rumore (SNR).
Gli elementi acquisiti sono phantom alti 30mm con un foro a forma di stella.
Da 3 volumi scansionati con una sequenza "spin echo" sono stati eseguiti 2 protocolli di acquisizione per individuare gruppi di ROIs su 2 slice differenti.
Queste slice sono state scelte per delle caratteristiche differenti: una rappresenta la zona del volume con maggior segnale, l'altra invece individua una zona con maggiore omogeneità nelle aree che rappresenta.
Dai dati risulta che il protocollo non standard è troppo volume-dipendente, quindi poco affidabile per misure su differenti volumi. E' stato fatto anche un breve studio sulla omogeneità delle regioni.
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Anand, Suma(Suma M. ). "OCRA : a low-cost, open-source FPGA-based MRI console capable of real-time control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121619.
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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 85-86).
This thesis describes the development of a low-cost, open source, FPGA-based con- sole (hardware controller) for an educational MRI scanner. The console is known as OCRA: Open-source Console for Real-time Acquisition. Conventional MRI con- soles may be high cost, closed-source, and inflexible, in that it is not possible to change acquisition parameters once the scan is started. In contrast, OCRA is under $500, open-source, and capable of real-time updates to the acquisition. In particular, the console can update the sequence of excitations played out by the MRI console, known as the pulse sequence, in real time, a feature unique to this console. For hard- ware, OCRA uses the Red Pitaya, a commercially available Zync SoC board with a dual-core ARM CPU and Xilinx FPGA. The functionality of the console has been demonstrated on the MGH/MIT Tabletop scanners [2] developed in 2014 and used in MIT courses to teach students about signal processing. The major contributions of this thesis are the software programs for controlling and programming the console. They are: a Python-based Graphical User Interface (GUI) or client for controlling the acquisition and manipulating acquired data, a C-based server program for setting the memory of the sequence, and a low-level programming language for developing custom pulse sequences. The software is demonstrated in a basic example of real-time motion correction. In future work, OCRA can be extended to other MRI systems, particularly low-cost and custom built systems. Additionally, the console could be made more user-friendly through a higher-level programming language for developing pulse sequences, which would be built on top of the low-level language developed in this work. Finally, the real-time updating capabilities can be developed further, to correct artifacts (e.g. temperature-based drift) and even to develop a completely automated, data-driven acquisition that builds itself based on the acquired data.
by Suma Anand.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Silva, Fernando Partica da. "Design de procedimentos e postos de trabalho: o uso da análise ergonômica e o método OCRA." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2348.
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O setor industrial é responsável por uma oferta considerável de postos de trabalho que exigem a realização de movimentos repetitivos, principalmente nos membros superiores, resultando em um número cada vez maior de Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos (LER) ou Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT). A prevenção de LER/DORT, pode ser promovida pela aplicação de medidas de gestão e diagnóstico de situações de risco em condições reais de trabalho, com a utilização de ferramentas ergonômicas que avaliem integralmente os principais fatores de risco para a ocorrência de doenças musculoesqueléticas relacionadas ao trabalho. A presente pesquisa utilizou como ferramenta ergonômica, o Método OCRA, em uma indústria no setor metal-mecânico e teve como objetivo, o design de um posto de trabalho e dos seus respectivos procedimentos. A utilização do Check List OCRA possibilitou o mapeamento dos postos de trabalho no Setor Pintura e a caracterização do posto de trabalho com maior constrangimento musculoesquelético por movimentos repetitivos. O Índice OCRA permitiu a identificação e quantificação dos fatores de risco, a previsão de ocorrências de LER/DORT antes e após o reprojeto dos procedimentos e dos postos de trabalho Pintor I. A produtividade dos trabalhadores Pintor I foi mensurada, e observou-se que as melhorias ergonômicas proporcionadas pelo Método OCRA interferiram na produtividade dos trabalhadores. A utilização do Método OCRA e suas orientações para intervenções ergonômicas para o reprojeto de procedimentos e postos de trabalho, possibilitou uma diminuição do Índice OCRA de 15,36 para 2,03, o que correspondeu a um decréscimo de quatro vezes na probabilidade dos trabalhadores apresentarem doenças ocupacionais originadas por movimentos repetitivos. O reprojeto do posto de trabalho interferiu positivamente na produtividade dos trabalhadores, pois a diminuição das ações técnicas e as melhorias das condições posturais resultaram no decréscimo do consumo de tinta utilizado para a pintura das peças metálicas Perfil C; mensalmente, o reprojeto ergonômico, além de possibilitar melhores condições de trabalho, permitiu através dos ganhos de produtividade, economia mensal em mais de 145 kg de tinta para o posto de trabalho Pintor I, sem afetar a qualidade do procedimento. A aplicação do Método OCRA, método reconhecido e recomendado pelas normas internacionais ISO e EN, possibilitou a interface de um método ergonômico, no reprojeto de procedimentos e postos de trabalho, visando melhorias ergonômicas e ganhos de produtividade no posto de trabalho estudado.The industrial sector is responsible for a high number of working stations which require a lot of repetitive actions, mainly of the upper limbs, resulting in an increasing number of Work Related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (WMSD). The prevention of WMSD, can be promoted by the application of management measures and diagnostic of risk situations in real working conditions, through the use of ergonomic tools to fully evaluate the main risk factors for the occurrence of WMSD. This study employed the OCRA Method as an ergonomic tool in a Metal-Mechanics sector industry and aimed to promote ergonomic improvements and verify the influence of productivity levels in a redesigned working station. The OCRA Check List enabled to map the Paint Sector Jobs and characterize the working station with the highest repetitive action musculoskeletal embarassment. The OCRA Index allowed to identify and quantify risk factors, and predict WMSD occurrences before and after the redesign of Painter I procedures and working stations. Painter I worker productivity was measured and it was observed that the ergonomic improvements provided by OCRA Method influenced the worker productivity. The use of OCRA Method and its guidelines for ergonomic interventions to the redesign of procedures and working stations, resulted in a reduction from to 15.36 to 2.03 in the OCRA Index, which corresponded to four times decrease in the probability of workers presenting occupational disease caused by repetitive actions. The working station redesign positively interfered in the work productivity since the reduction of technical actions and improvement of posture conditions resulted in decrease in consumption of paint used on the Profile C metallic parts; monthly, ergonomic redesign, besides creating better working conditions, enable through productivity gains, savings in more than 145 paint per month for the Painter I working station, without affecting the quality of the procedure. The OCRA Method application, a method recognized and recommended by the international standards ISO and EN, provided the interface of the ergonomic method to the redesign of procedures and working stations, aiming at ergonomic improvements and productivity gains in the workplace under study.
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Zambruni, Giordano. "Valutazione dei rischi da movimentazione manuale dei carichi ed analisi NIOSH e OCRA delle postazioni di lavoro: il caso Comer Industries Spa." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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Il presente elaborato si propone di effettuare la valutazione ergonomica delle postazioni di lavoro presenti all'interno del reparto di montaggio dell'azienda Comer Industries Spa. L'obiettivo è quello di realizzare una mappatura del rischio aziendale da movimentazione manuale dei carichi attraverso analisi condotte con metodo NIOSH ed OCRA. Dopo una breve introduzione sulla normativa vigente in termini di salute e sicurezza sul lavoro, verranno approfonditi nel dettaglio i due suddetti metodi di analisi. Verrà in seguito presentata l'evoluzione cronologica della mappatura del rischio aziendale, evidenziando i criteri adottati per la determinazione del rischio. Si vedrà come l'introduzione di azioni migliorative di diversa natura, sia organizzative/gestionali che tecniche, abbia comportato una generale diminuzione del rischio aziendale. Verranno in seguito eseguite nuove analisi ergonomiche per diverse linee del reparto, sempre con metodo NIOSH ed OCRA Index. Si procederà quindi all'estensione della mappatura del rischio alle linee analizzate, ed all'aggiornamento della stessa all'anno 2017. Infine verrà presentato un confronto finale con la mappatura del rischio aggiornata, al fine di evidenziare come i diversi miglioramenti tecnici, abbinati al più preciso metodo di valutazione utilizzato, OCRA Index, abbiano comportato una netta diminuzione del rischio aziendale.
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Leite, Sheysa Danyelle de Freitas. "Análise dos fatores de risco e do índice de exposição a LER/DORT dos trabalhadores em atividades repetitivas: estudo de caso." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5263.
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The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of risk factors on exposure to WMSD workers in repetitive activities in the footwear sector. Therefore, we analyzed the data for 71 workplaces in the productive area of a shoe company which are characterized by having a defined task cycle, and had the index of exposure to WMSD upper limbs calculated through the OCRA method. Data analysis was accomplished using the exploratory data analysis of WMSD and construction of a Generalized Linear Model (GLM). This model identified the factors that influence the rate of exposure the most and made it possible to quantify the possible chance of raising this index when risk factors are present in the workplaces. The factor indicated as the most influential one was the "sudden movements" factor, the presence of this factor increases the chance of raising the level of exposure in 2.12 times more than when this factor is not present.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os fatores de risco e o índice de exposição a LER/DORT dos trabalhadores em atividades repetitivas no setor calçadista.Para tanto foram analisados dados referentes a 71 postos de trabalho da área produtiva de uma empresa calçadista que se caracterizam por possuir um ciclo de tarefa definido, e que tiveram calculados o índice de exposição a LER/DORT nos membros superiores através do método OCRA. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado através da análise exploratória dos dados de LER/DORT e da construção de um Modelo Linear Generalizado (MLG).Este modeloidentificou os fatores que mais influenciam o índice de exposição e possibilitouquantificar a chance de elevação deste índice quando os fatores de risco estão presentes nos postos de trabalho. O fator indicado como o mais influente foi o fator movimentos bruscos , a presença deste fator aumenta a chance de se elevar o índice de exposição em 2,12 vezes a mais do que quando este fator não está presente.
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Ginestrini, Simone. "Studio della valutazione del rischio da sovraccarico biomeccanico tramite dispositivi di misura del movimento." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
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In questa tesi vengono presentati i risultati di un approccio innovativo allo studio dei fattori di rischio per i lavoratori che compiono movimenti ripetitivi e prolungati nel tempo.
Per raccogliere i dati necessari e per misurare i fattori di rischio definiti dal metodo OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Action) si sono tradizionalmente usate misurazioni visive dirette o filmati che venivano successivamente usati per estrarre i dati.
L’approccio adottato in questo lavoro è basato sull’utilizzo di sensori di movimento applicati sul corpo del soggetto. I sensori trasmettono dati grezzi provenienti da un giroscopio e un accelerometro, che vengono raccolti ed elaborati dal software sviluppato per questa tesi.
I vantaggi sono l’immediatezza delle misure e la loro completa oggettività. Come vedremo, alcuni problemi rimangono per la taratura dei sensori e la deriva temporale di alcuni dati, ma superati questi, il metodo analizzato potrebbe essere generalizzato e usato su ampia scala.
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Tallevi, Andrea. "Modello muscoloscheletrico per la quantificazione del rischio di compiti ripetitivi: confronto tra indici da normativa e parametri biomeccanici." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Le patologie muscoloscheletriche dovute al lavoro manuale costituiscono un serio problema nel settore metalmeccanico e lavorativo in generale. Per questo motivo, è di grande interesse lo studio delle condizioni a cui sono sottoposti i lavoratori, così come la conoscenza di indici caratteristici per poter ben quantificare il rischio.
Il seguente elaborato ha lo scopo di indagare tali condizioni tramite l’ausilio delle più moderne tecnologie di modellazione e acquisizione dati, al fine di incrementare la salvaguardia della salute del lavoratore. Lo scopo dell’analisi è triplice: da un lato si vuole trovare un metodo obbiettivo per quantificare i valori degli indici di rischio da normativa, attualmente valutati con considerazioni soggettive basate sull’esperienza del valutatore; l’uso di questi modelli può inoltre consentire l’ottenimento di informazioni aggiuntive per la quantificazione del rischio; infine, si vogliono ricercare utili correlazioni tra indici da normativa e valori biomeccanici.
Tramite tecnologie di analisi del movimento si sono acquisti dati relativi a compiti normalmente svolti da operatori metalmeccanici. Con l’utilizzo del software di modellazione AnyBody sono stati definiti dei modelli biomeccanici che, riproducendo fedelmente l’apparato muscoloscheletrico dell’operatore, hanno permesso un’indagine approfondita e non invasiva utile ai fini della conoscenza dei valori biomeccanici di spalle e schiena. Gli stessi movimenti sono stati analizzati come previsto dall’indice di rischio OCRA proposto in normativa, sia mediante tecniche tradizionali sia mediante le simulazioni. L’analisi dei risultati ha mostrato l’effettiva correlazione tra indici da normativa e valori biomeccanici per un’operazione semplice e comune come quella di foratura. È stato anche mostrato come un metodo di analisi come quello proposto sia non solo poco invasivo, ma anche estremamente funzionale per lo studio dei fattori di rischio per la salute del lavoratore.
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Camillieri, Davide. "Influenza dei fattori forza e frequenza nella valutazione del rischio biomeccanico degli arti superiori in agricoltura." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1020.
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The aim of the research is to highlight the factors of risk of the upper limbs biomechanical overload in some agricultural operations and to show how strength and frequency factors are particularly involved.
Nowadays, the UL-WMSDs (Upper Limbs - Work Related MusculoSkeletal Disorders) constitute a major health problem for agricultural workers. The latest European and Italian statistics on work-related health problems confirm this and these pathologies are the most common sort of problem experienced.
To achieve the objectives of the research, tests have been carried out to aimed at deepening the exposure to biomechanical overload due to repetitive movements of upper limbs as can been seen in certain sectors of Mediterranean agriculture.
The risk assessment was performed by means of a method OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Actions), which is a method recognized by the international literature and recommended by ISO 11228-3 and EN 1005-5.
The first results confirmed the effect of the "frequency" parameter in the calculation of the biomechanical risk index and generated important question about the use of the Borg Scale, which is to evaluate amount of exertion workers experience in the course of their work, in this matters.
These results led to further investigation of the two key markers of risk (force and frequency) during the manual pruning of vineyards with the intention of better understanding how the OCRA method, which was originally designed for highly structured work environments that are very different from the agricultural sector, can be better used in that sector.
With regard to the force factor, we conducted laboratory experiments making the effort to replace the Borg scale, using values obtained from the specially made sensorized shear, which was used to cut branches. The five sensors on the shear were capable of detecting the strength and duration of the force applied during the cuts.
The results confirm that during the operation the hand forces are function of diameters and cultivated varieties, and certain areas of the hand can be particularly stressed and that methodology and instrumentation used in the experiments was able to show this phenomenon and also the difficulties the workers have in making objective judgments about the strength necessary.
Regarding the frequency of cuts, the research has proved that wave pattern of the work productivity curves under consideration is similar to that of the OCRA index and they were calculated on an hourly basis. This trend cannot be ignored when performing investigations in the agricultural sector. In conclusion, the results of the tests carried out have shows that there is a necessity to undertake a proper study of work organization in agriculture. This future investigation should be able to identify and show the trend of frequency curve or there is the possibility of serious miscalculation in the estimation of risks from biomechanical overload.,
The studies undertaken suggest the basis for an evaluation agricultural workplaces that is not limited to economic concerns but also take into consideration wellbeing, health and worker-safety.
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Nilsson, Elin. "Test av OCR-verktyg för Linux." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5906.
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Denna rapport handlar om att ta fram ett OCR-verktyg för digitalisering av pappersdokument. Krav på detta verktyg är att bland annat det ska vara kompatibelt med Linux, det ska kunna ta kommandon via kommandoprompt och dessutom ska det kunna hantera skandinaviska tecken.
Tolv OCR-verktyg granskades, sedan valdes tre verktyg ut; Ocrad, Tesseract och OCR Shop XTR. För att testa dessa scannades två dokument in och digitaliserades i varje verktyg.
Resultatet av testerna är att Tesseract är de verktyget som är mest precist och Ocrad är det verktyget som är snabbast. OCR Shop XTR visar på sämst resultat både i tidtagning och i antal korrekta ord.
This report is about finding OCR software for digitizing paper documents. Requirements were to include those which were compatible with Linux, being able to run commands via the command line and also being able to handle the Scandinavian characters.
Twelve OCR softwares were reviewed, and three softwares were chosen; Ocrad, Tesseract and OCR Shop XTR. To test these, two document were scanned and digitized in each tool.
The results of the tests are that Tesseract is the tool which is the most precise and Ocrad is the tool which is the fastest. OCR Shop XTR shows the worst results both in timing and number of correct words.
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Sibilia, Gianluca. "Analisi e valutazione dei rischi con sviluppo di procedure rispondenti alle linee guida ISO OHSAS: il caso Bergonzoni Bruno srl." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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la tesi descrive in che modo si sia potuto collegare il sistema aziendale con le linee guida ISO OHSAS e in che modo queste abbiano aiutato il sistema aziendale dal punto di vista della sicurezza sul lavoro.
In secondo luogo si sono analizzate le tipologie di movimentazioni manuali dei carichi prevalentemente compiute dagli operatori sul campo, valutando le posture congrue e non. A questo proposito si sono calcolati tramiti indici caratteristici (NIOSH e OCRA index) i rischi tramite i quali gli operatori sono perennemente sottoposti durante il loro lavoro quotidiano.
Dopo questa analisi e valutazione si è passati a una valutazione, tramite le linee guida fornite dall'ente INAIL, del rischio stress sul posti di lavoro; a questo proposito si sono fatti compilare a tutti gli operatori dei questionari inerenti a questa condizione di rischio e infine tramite una valutazione si è potuto constatare che questa condizione all'interno della Bergonzoni Bruno srl non è presente in maniera rilevante.
In ultima analisi si è aggiornato il Documento di Valutazione Rischi, il quale rappresenta una guida facilmente consultabile da tutti, nella quale sono riassunti tutti i rischi e le metodologie per evitarli o per ridurli nel caso peggiore.
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Ochaya, Stephen O. "Mapping the genome and characterization of an acetyltransferase of Trypanosoma cruzi /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/20060523/ocha/.
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McDonald, Mercedes Terre. "OCR: A STATISTICAL MODEL OF MULTI-ENGINE OCR SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4459.
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This thesis is a benchmark performed on three commercial Optical Character Recognition (OCR) engines. The purpose of this benchmark is to characterize the performance of the OCR engines with emphasis on the correlation of errors between each engine. The benchmarks are performed for the evaluation of the effect of a multi-OCR system employing a voting scheme to increase overall recognition accuracy. This is desirable since currently OCR systems are still unable to recognize characters with 100% accuracy. The existing error rates of OCR engines pose a major problem for applications where a single error can possibly effect significant outcomes, such as in legal applications. The results obtained from this benchmark are the primary determining factor in the decision of implementing a voting scheme. The experiment performed displayed a very high accuracy rate for each of these commercial OCR engines. The average accuracy rate found for each engine was near 99.5% based on a less than 6,000 word document. While these error rates are very low, the goal is 100% accuracy in legal applications. Based on the work in this thesis, it has been determined that a simple voting scheme will help to improve the accuracy rate.M.S.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical and Computer Engineering
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Axelsson, Therese, and Daniel Melani. "Hash Comparison Module for OCFA." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-6035.
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Child abuse content on the Internet is today an increasing problem and difficult to dealwith. The techniques used by paedophiles are getting more sophisticated which means ittakes more effort of the law enforcement to locate this content.
To help solving this issue, a EU-funded project named FIVES is developing a set oftools to help investigations involving large amounts of image and video material. One ofthese tools aims to help identifying potentially illegal files by hash signatures derived fromusing classification information from another project.
FIVES
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Hoefel, Eduardo Outeiral Correa. "Espaço de configurações e OCHA." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/307207.
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Orientador: Alcibiades Rigas, Tomas Edson BarrosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
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Resumo: Esta tese consiste do estudo das OCHAs (Open-Closed Homotopy Algebras) sob os pontos de vista algébrico e geométrico. São demonstrados essencialmente dois resultados novos. O primeiro refere-se à definição de OCHA através de coderivações. Mais especificamente, provamos que qualquer coderivação D E Coderl (sc'Hc 0 TC'Ho) de grau 1 satisfazendo D2 = O define uma estrutura de OCHA em 'H = 'Hcffi'Ho. Onde 'Hc e 'Ho são os espaços de estados da teoria de campo de corda para cordas fechadas ("dosed strings") e cordas abertas ("open strings"), respectivamente. Até então, sabia-se que as OCHAs eram dadas por coderivações [14], mas o fato de que qualquer coderivação define uma OCHA, é novo. O segundo resultado envolve a relação entre OCHA e a versão real da compactificação de Fulton MacPherson do espaço de configurações de pontos no semi-plano superior fechado. Este resultado mostra a estreita relação entre OCHAs e a operada do "Queijo Suíço" introduzida por Voronov [41], tal relação foi de fato sugeri da na introdução de [14]. O capítulo 1 contém uma discussão sobre a definição de OCHA usando coálgebras e a conseqüente caracterização das coderivações mencionada acima. Mostramos também que a estrutura de OCHA pode ser obtida a partir de certas álgebras A(X) de forma inteiramente análoga ao modo como álgebras de Lie podem ser obtidas a partir de álgebras associativas. Em seguida, o capítulo 2 traz a abordagem das OCHAs através de operadas. O capítulo 3 traz uma discussão detalhada do espaço C(p, q) (a compactificação de Fulton;.MacPherson do espaço de configurações de p + q pontos no semi-plano superior fechado com p pontos no interior e q pontos no bordo) e no capítulo 4 mostramos que a parte essencial da operada que descreve as OCHAs aparece na primeira linha do termo E1 da seqüência espectral induzida por aquele espaço. O resultado mencionado acima significa que a estrutura algébrica das OCHAs está codificada na estratificação do bordo da variedade C(p, q), visto que esta última tem uma estrutura de variedade com córneres. No capítulo final discutimos o significado dos dois resultados obtidos procurando fazer um paralelo entre as abordagens geométrica e algébrica e mencionamos alguns problemas interessantes, como continuação deste trabalho, que podem ser considerados por estudantes interessados em Álgebras Homotópicas e temas relacionados
Abstract: This thesis consists of the study of OCHA (Open-Closed Homotopy Algebras) from both the algebraic and geometric viewpoint. It essentially contains the proof of two new results. The first one is related to the definition of OCHA through coderivations. More specifically, it is shown that any degree one coderivation D E Caderl(Sc7íc 0 TC7ío) such that D2 = O defines an OCHA structure on 7í = 7íc E9 7ío. Where 7íc and 7ío are respectively the state spaces of Closed String Field Theory and apen String Field Theory. It was cIear since its definition in 2004 that OCHAs can be defined in terms of coderivations. Nevertheless, the fact that any such coderivation is of the OCHA form is new. The second result involves the relation between OCHA and the real version of the Fulton MacPherson compactification of the configuration space of points on the cIosed upper half-plane. That result shows the cIose relation between OCHAs and the Swiss-Cheese operad introduced by Voronov [411. Such relation was in fact suggested in the introductian of [141. Chapter 1 contains a discussion about the coalgebraic definition of OCHA and the above mentioned characterization of alI coderivations. It is also shown that OCHA can be obtained from certain A8 algebras, similarly to way in which Lie algebras are obtained fro_ associative algebras. Chapter 2 then shows how to approach OCHA using aperads. The space C(p, q) (the FuIton-MacPherson compactification of the configuration space of p + q points on the upper half-plane with p interior points and q boundary points) is discussed on chapter 3 and on chapter 4 it is shown that the essential part of the operad describing OCHA appears on the first line Of the spectral sequence induced by that space. In other words, we could say that the algebraic structure of OCHA is encoded in the stratification of C(p, q), since this space has the structure of a manifold with corners. The final chapter is a discussion about the meaning of the two mais results of this thesis. After that, some problems which could be explored by the student interested on homotopy algebras and related subjects are mentioned.
Doutorado
Geometria Topologia
Doutor em Matemática
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Peluch, Tibor. "OCR cíleně znehodnocených textů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218134.
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The thesis deals with programming of application in operating system Windows. Main features of application system Microsoft Foundation Class are resumed in brief here. In following part there is idea about implementing an application with graphic user interface that makes, using schema, work with data, possible. The third part deals with implementation of blocks into dynamic linked libraries and there is outlined a possibility to use data of this programme as an external module and a possibility of realtime data processing e.g. picture and sound. The verification of a good functionality of this application is in the last part. The application is really tested in diagnosing of devaluated texts for protecting web forms www.centrum.cz. There were designed blocks making picture read possible just from internet, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, evaluationg in neural network and blocks that make possible to read and save processed data into the disc.
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Du, Aiguo. "Synthesis and characterization of octa substituted phthalocyaninatopolysiloxanes." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8516.
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Belgiovine, Mauro. "Advanced industrial OCR using Autoencoders." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13807/.
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Il contenuto di questa tesi di laurea descrive il lavoro svolto durante un tirocinio di sei mesi presso Datalogic ADC. L'obiettivo del lavoro è stato quello di utilizzare uno specifico tipo di rete neurale, chiamata Autoencoder, per scopi legati al riconoscimento o alla convalida di caratteri in un sistema OCR industriale. In primo luogo è stato creato un classificatore di immagini di caratteri basato su Denoising Autoencoder; successivamente, è stato studiato un metodo per utilizzare l'Autoencoder come un classificatore di secondo livello, per meglio distinguere le false attivazioni da quelle corrette in condizioni di incertezza di un classificatore generico. Entrambe le architetture sono state valutate su dataset reali di clienti di Datalogic e i risultati sperimentali ottenuti sono presentati in questa tesi.
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Noghe, Petr. "Vyhodnocení testových formulářů pomocí OCR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219986.
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This thesis deals with the evaluation forms using optical character recognition. Image processing and methods used for OCR is described in the first part of thesis. In the practical part is created database of sample characters. The chosen method is based on correlation between patterns and recognized characters. The program is designed in a graphical environment MATLAB. Finally, several forms are evaluated and success rate of the proposed program is detected.
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Silva, Messer Bárbara. "Plataforma para la floricultura en Ocoa. Centro de producción y turismo florícola en Ocoa. Comuna de Hijuelas, V región de Valparaíso." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130401.
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Serafini, Sara. "Machine Learning applied to OCR tasks." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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The content of this thesis describes the work done during a six-month
internship at Datalogic, in its research laboratories in Pasadena (CA). The aim of my research was to implement and evaluate a classifier as part of an industrial OCR system for learning purposes and to see how well it could work in comparison to current best Datalogic products, since it might be simpler/faster, it might be a good alternative for implementing on an embedded system (where current Datalogic products may not be able to run fast enough).
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Lund, Mikael. "Hur ser framtiden ut för OCR?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20561.
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Examensarbetet handlar om OCR (Optical Character Recognition). OCR-tekniken går utpå att konvertera inskannade bilder från maskinskriven eller handskriven text (siffror, bokstäver och symboler) till datorformat.Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utforska OCRs framtid och vilka användningsområden som finns idag för tekniken. Det intressanta är att se hur OCR klarar sig när mer och mer material är digitala.Genomförandet till detta examensarbete har gjorts med information från böcker, Internet,mejl och genom att tittat närmare på ett företag inom den grafiska branschen som använder sig av OCR, nämligen Aftonbladet. Jag har även testat ett OCR-program, ABBYYsFineReader 8 och gjort tester med några testteman, exempelvis matematiktest och olikatester på artiklar från några tidningar.Mina slutsatser är att OCR har en framtid men tekniken har en del förbättringsmöjligheter,exempelvis tolkning av handskrivna texter. OCR kan finnas kvar även när mer och mermaterial blir digitala om det integreras i befintliga tekniker, som i ett spam-filter för att tolka texten i bilden. Den nuvarande OCR-tekniken fungerar bra om materialet ärmaskinskrivet och i bra skick men den måste bli bättre på att tolka handskrivna texter för att kunna användas vid arkiveringsbehov av sådana texter.My examination subject is about OCR (Optical Character Recognition). The idea of OCRtechnology is to convert scanned images of machine-printed or handwritten text (numerals, letters and symbols) into a computer-processable format.The purpose of my examination subject is to explore the future of OCR and why to use it today. It’s interesting to see if OCR survives when more and more material is digital.The implementations to the examination subject have been made from books, Internet, e-mail and I have discovered how a company in the graphic industry are using OCR, namely Aftonbladet.I have also tested an OCR-program, ABBYYs FineReader 8, and done some testing with some testthemes, for example mathematics test and different tests on articles from a few magazines.My conclusions are that OCR has a future but the technology needs some improvements, forexample interpreting handwritten texts. OCR can exist, even when more and more material is digital, if its integrated with existing technologies, for example with a spam-filter to interpret the text within in the picture. The current OCR-technology works fine with machine-printed material, and when the document quality is good. However it needs to be on handwritten text to be used forarchiving needs.
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Buchal, Petr. "Využití neanotovaných dat pro trénování OCR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445580.
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The creation of a high-quality optical character recognition system (OCR) requires a large amount of labeled data. Obtaining, or in other words creating, such a quantity of labeled data is a costly process. This thesis focuses on several methods which efficiently use unlabeled data for the training of an OCR neural network. The proposed methods fall into the category of self-training algorithms. The general approach of all proposed methods can be summarized as follows. Firstly, the seed model is trained on a limited amount of labeled data. Then, the seed model in combination with the language model is used for producing pseudo-labels for unlabeled data. Machine-labeled data are then combined with the training data used for the creation of the seed model and they are used again for the creation of the target model. The successfulness of individual methods is measured on the handwritten ICFHR 2014 Bentham dataset. Experiments were conducted on two datasets which represented different degrees of labeled data availability. The best model trained on the smaller dataset achieved 3.70 CER [%], which is a relative improvement of 42 % in comparison with the seed model, and the best model trained on the bigger dataset achieved 1.90 CER [%], which is a relative improvement of 26 % in comparison with the seed model. This thesis shows that the proposed methods can be efficiently used to improve the OCR error rate by means of unlabeled data.
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Grönlund, Jakob, and Angelina Johansson. "Defect Detection and OCR on Steel." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157508.
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In large scale productions of metal sheets, it is important to maintain an effective way to continuously inspect the products passing through the production line. The inspection mainly consists of detection of defects and tracking of ID numbers. This thesis investigates the possibilities to create an automatic inspection system by evaluating different machine learning algorithms for defect detection and optical character recognition (OCR) on metal sheet data. Digit recognition and defect detection are solved separately, where the former compares the object detection algorithm Faster R-CNN and the classical machine learning algorithm NCGF, and the latter is based on unsupervised learning using a convolutional autoencoder (CAE). The advantage of the feature extraction method is that it only needs a couple of samples to be able to classify new digits, which is desirable in this case due to the lack of training data. Faster R-CNN, on the other hand, needs much more training data to solve the same problem. NCGF does however fail to classify noisy images and images of metal sheets containing an alloy, while Faster R-CNN seems to be a more promising solution with a final mean average precision of 98.59%. The CAE approach for defect detection showed promising result. The algorithm learned how to only reconstruct images without defects, resulting in reconstruction errors whenever a defect appears. The errors are initially classified using a basic thresholding approach, resulting in a 98.9% accuracy. However, this classifier requires supervised learning, which is why the clustering algorithm Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is investigated as well. The result shows that it should be possible to use GMM, but that it requires a lot of GPU resources to use it in an end-to-end solution with a CAE.
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Moragas, Moreno Ana. "Situations in which treatment of acute exacerbations of non-severe copd with antibiotics is not necessary." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/63590.
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Fonament. La malaltia pulmonar obstructiva crònica (MPOC) representa un dels principals motius de salut en atenció primària. Les exacerbacions són events típics que caracteritzen el curs de l’MPOC. El tractament antimicrobià és un tema controvertit, principalment en les exacerbacions de l’MPOC lleu-moderada. Encara que la majoria dels pacients atesos a la comunitat presenten MPOC lleu i moderada, la prescripció antibiòtica en les exacerbacions és molt elevada a Espanya.
Objectius. L’objectiu principal fou avaluar l’efectivitat de l’antibioteràpia en comparació amb el placebo en el dia 9-11 en les exacerbacions de l’MPOC lleu a moderada. Els objectius secundaris foren avaluar la taxa d’èxit clínic de la teràpia antibiòtica en comparació amb el placebo en el dia 20 i avaluar l’interval lliure de símptomes; és a dir, nombre de dies fins a la següent exacerbació, en ambdós grups.
Disseny. Assaig clínic aleatori, controlat amb placebo, doble cec, paral·lel i multicèntric, dut a terme des de gener de 2006 fins a juny de 2011.
Emplaçament. Vint-i-tres centres de salut de Catalunya.
Subjectes. Pacients de 40 o més anys, fumadors o exfumadors de deu paquets-any o més, amb diagnòstic espiromètric d’MPOC lleu-moderada (volum espiratori forçat en un segon (FEV1) > 50% esperat i raó FEV1/capacitat vital forçada < 0,7% esperat) basat en una espirometría feta en els 24 mesos previs a la inclusió i presència d’exacerbació definida com la presència d'almenys un dels següents signes i símptomes: augment de la dispnea, augment del volum d'expectoració i/o augment de la purulència de l'esput. Es van excloure als pacients amb asma bronquial, hipersensibilitat als β-lactàmics, bronquièctasis d'origen diferent d’MPOC, neoplàsia, traqueotomia, presència de signes radiològics de pneumònia o criteris d'hospitalització i aquells que van declinar participar.
Mesuraments i intervencions. Els pacients s’aleatoritzaren en dos grups: amoxicil·lina i àcid clavulànic (500/125 mg/8 hores, 8 dies) o placebo (cada 8 hores, 8 dies). Es va permetre ús d’antitèrmics, analgèsics, β-adrenèrgics d'acció llarga i curta, anticolinèrgics, teofil·lines, corticoides inhalats o orals i qualsevol altra medicació que
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el pacient estigués prenent per a una malaltia crònica i s'hagués iniciat tres mesos abans de la inclusió en l'estudi, menys antibiòtics. Es va definir guariment quan va haver-hi desaparició dels signes aguts i els símptomes relacionats amb la infecció, millora com a falta de resolució completa dels símptomes i fracàs com a reducció insuficient dels signes i símptomes de la infecció. Es va considerar èxit clínic quan es va observar guariment o millora.
Resultats. S’inclogueren en l’estudi un total de 353 subjectes, dels quals 43 es van excloure per no complir els criteris d’inclusió. Un total de 310 (158 pacients en el grup assignat a amoxicil·lina i àcid clavulànic i 152 pacients a placebo) resultaren ser avaluables en l’anàlisi d’eficàcia. L’edat mitjana fou de 68,1 anys (DE: 10,4 anys) i el FEV1 mig va ser del 65% (DE: 11,9%). No s’observaren diferències entre els dos grups quant a les distintes variables basals analitzades. Es guariren en el dia 9-11 un total de 117 pacients en el grup d’intervenció (74,1%) i 91 del grupo control (59,9%; p<0.05). En l'anàlisi de regressió logística multivariant es va observar una associació entre el fracàs clínic amb les concentracions de proteïna C reactiva (PCR) ≥ 40 mg/l (OR: 7,9; IC 95%: 3,9 –16,3), estar assignat al grup placebo (OR: 2,9; IC 95%: 1,4 – 6) i presència de cardiopatia isquémica (OR: 2,6; IC 95%: 1 – 6,7). Els predictors clínics de fracàs entre els pacients no tractats amb antibiòtics van ser la PCR ≥ 40 mg/l (OR de guariment: 0,1; IC 95%: 0 – 0,2) i la purulència de l’esput (OR: 0,2; IC 95%: 0 – 0,7). El valor dels criteris d’Anthonisen per predir resultat clínic en aquests pacients, amb l’àrea sota la corba ROC, fou de 0,708 (IC 95%: 0,616 – 0,801) i va pujar a 0,842 (IC 95%: 0,76 – 0,924; p<0,001) quan es va afegir la PCR ≥ 40 mg/l. Amb independència del nombre de criteris d’Anthonisen, la presència de valors baixos de PCR i esput no purulent s’associaren amb un percentatge d’èxit del 90% entre els pacients no tractats amb antibiòtics.
Conclusions. El tractament de les exacerbacions de l’MPOC lleu-moderada amb amoxicil·lina i àcid clavulànic és més efectiu que el placebo. No obstant això, aquesta tesi aclareix quan una exacerbació d’MPOC lleu-moderada pot ser tractada sense necessitat de donar antibiòtics.
Paraules clau. Exacerbació aguda. MPOC lleu-moderada. Antibiòtic. Efectivitat. Assaig clínic aleatori.Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) constitutes one of the principal demands on healthcare in primary care. Acute exacerbations of COPD are typical events that characterize the course of the disease. Antimicrobial therapy remains a controversial issue, mainly in acute exacerbations of mild-to-moderate COPD. Even though most of the patients attended in the community correspond to mild and moderate COPD, antibiotics are highly prescribed for exacerbations in Spain. Aims. The main objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy compared with placebo at day 9-11 in acute exacerbations of mild-to-moderate COPD. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the rate of clinical success of antibiotic therapy compared with placebo at day 20 and assess the symptom-free interval, i.e. days till next exacerbation in both groups. Design. Multicentre, parallel, double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial carried out from January 2006 to June 2011. Study setting: Twenty-three primary care centres in Catalonia. Subjects. Patients aged 40 or older, smokers or ex-smokers of ten packs-year or more, with spirometrically-based diagnosis of mild-to-moderate COPD (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) > 50% expected and FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio < 0.7% expected) from a lung function test performed within 24 months prior to inclusion, and the presence of an acute exacerbation defined as the presence of at least one of the following signs and symptoms: increase of dyspnoea, increase in sputum volume and/or increase of sputum purulence. Patients with bronchial asthma, hypersensitivity to β-lactams, bronchiectasis of origin other than COPD, active neoplasm, tracheotomy, presence of radiological signs of pneumonia or hospital admission criteria, and those who refused to participate in the study were all excluded. Measurements and interventions. The patients were randomised into two treatment groups: amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (500/125 mg three times daily for 8 days) or placebo three times daily for 8 days). The use of antithermics or analgesics was allowed as were short-acting and long-acting β-adrenergics, anticholinergics, ii | P a g e theophyllines, inhaled or oral corticosteroids and any medication that the patient may been have taken for chronic disease and which had been initiated three months prior to inclusion in the study, except for antibiotics. Cure was defined as the disappearance of the acute signs and symptoms related to the infection, improvement, as the non-complete resolution of the symptoms and failure was defined as with an insufficient reduction in the signs and symptoms of infection. Clinical success was considered when either cure or improvement was observed. Results. A total of 353 subjects were included in the study. Forty-three patients were excluded as they did not fulfil the inclusion criteria. Three hundred ten (158 patients in the amoxicillin and clavulanic acid arm and 152 patients in the placebo arm) fulfilled all the criteria for efficacy analysis. The mean age was 68.1 years (SD: 10.4 years) and the mean FEV1 was 65% (SD: 11.9%). No differences were found between the two groups regarding the different basal variables analysed. A total of 117 patients assigned to the intervention group (74.1%) and 91 to control group (59.9%) were considered cured at days 9-11 (p<0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis failure was associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations ≥ 40 mg/l (OR: 7.9; 95% CI: 3.9 –16.3), placebo treatment (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.4 – 6) and presence of coronary heart disease (OR: 2.6; 95%CI: 1 – 6.7). Among patients treated with placebo clinical predictors for failure were CRP ≥ 40 mg/l (OR of cure: 0.1; 95% CI: 0 – 0.2) and purulent sputum (OR: 0.2; 95% CI: 0 – 0.7). The predictive value of Anthonisen criteria for clinical outcome in those patients was 0.708 (95% CI: 0.616 – 0.801) and rose to 0.842 (95% CI: 0.76 – 0.924; p<0.001) when CRP ≥ 40 mg/l was added. Regardless of the number the Anthonisen criteria, the presence of both CRP low levels and uncoloured sputum was associated with a clinical success of 90% among patients not treated with antibiotics. Conclusions. Treatment of acute exacerbations of mild-to-moderate COPD with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid is more effective than placebo. Nonetheless, this thesis indicates when antibiotic therapy may be safely withheld in acute exacerbations of mild-to-moderate COPD. Key words. Acute exacerbations. Mild-to-moderate COPD. Antibiotic. Effectiveness.Randomised clinical trial.
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Black, Michael James. "An Ghaeilge agus CanuÌintiÌ CoimhthiÌocha ChuÌige Uladh." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421768.
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Poli, Flavio. "Robust string text detection for industrial OCR." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12885/.
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Tesi che propone un algoritmo per il ritrovamento di linee di testo per OCR industriali. Tramite un aproccio ad albero e sfruttando la conoscenza sulla stringa da cercare, vengono esplorate più soluzioni fino a trovare quella più promettente. Fornisce in uscita anche una stima su quanto l'algoritmo è confidente sul risultato.
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Corsi, Giacomo. "Fast Neural Network Technique for Industrial OCR." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15258/.
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The content of my thesis describes the work done during my internship at Datalogic in Pasadena. This project improves the performance of the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) solution with use of Deep Learning (DL) techniques. It enhances the character detection process that had been previously developed and relies on template matching done on the Histogram of Gradients (HOG) features. This approach had been already validated with good performance, but detects only those characters which do not vary in the dataset.
First, this document gives a introduction to OCR and DL topics, then describes the pipeline of the Datalogic OCR product.
After that, it is explained the technique that was usedto raise the accuracy of the previous solution. It consists in applying DL to improve the robustness and keep good detection rate even though the character variations (scale and rotation) are considerable.
The first phase was focused on speeding up the process and so the function used for gauging the matching with the templates, the Zero-mean Normalized Cross-Correlation, was replaced while a modified version, called Squared Normalization has been introduced.
Secondly, the original system was cast as a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) by turning the HOG templates into convolutional kernels. It was necessary to rethink its training process as it was noticed that, using standard target values, there was no gain. A novel way of computing the targets, named Graceful Improvement, has been developed.
Then, the analysis on the results of this new solution showed that, even ifit detects characters that present variations with original templates, the false positive rate around the image was also higher. To decrease this negative side effect, a fast ROI (Region Of Interest) filter acting on the detections has been realized.
Finally, during the above development steps, performances in terms of accuracy and time have been evaluated on some real Datalogic's customer datasets.
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Strohmaier, Christian M. "Methoden der lexikalischen Nachkorrektur OCR-erfasster Dokumente." Diss., lmu, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-36743.
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Fridolfsson, Olle. "Machine Learning : for Barcode Detection and OCR." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119425.
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Machine learning can be utilized in many different ways in the field of automatic manufacturing and logistics. In this thesis supervised machine learning have been utilized to train a classifiers for detection and recognition of objects in images. The techniques AdaBoost and Random forest have been examined, both are based on decision trees. The thesis has considered two applications: barcode detection and optical character recognition (OCR). Supervised machine learning methods are highly appropriate in both applications since both barcodes and printed characters generally are rather distinguishable. The first part of this thesis examines the use of machine learning for barcode detection in images, both traditional 1D-barcodes and the more recent Maxi-codes, which is a type of two-dimensional barcode. In this part the focus has been to train classifiers with the technique AdaBoost. The Maxi-code detection is mainly done with Local binary pattern features. For detection of 1D-codes, features are calculated from the structure tensor. The classifiers have been evaluated with around 200 real test images, containing barcodes, and shows promising results. The second part of the thesis involves optical character recognition. The focus in this part has been to train a Random forest classifier by using the technique point pair features. The performance has also been compared with the more proven and widely used Haar-features. Although, the result shows that Haar-features are superior in terms of accuracy. Nevertheless the conclusion is that point pairs can be utilized as features for Random forest in OCR.
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Kapusta, Ján. "OCR modul pro rozpoznání písmen a číslic." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218623.
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This paper describes basic methods used for optical character recognition. It explains all procedures of recognition from adjustment of picture, processing, feature extracting to matching algorithms. It compares methods and algorithms for character recognition obtained graphically distorted or else modified image so-called „captcha“, used in present. Further it compares method based on invariant moments and neural network as final classifier and method based on correlation between normals and recognized characters.
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Daw, Rosamund. "Plasma co-polymer surfaces of acrylic acid/octa-1,7-diene and methyl vinyl ketone/octa-1,7-diene : surface characterisation and behaviour of osteoblast-like cells." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301905.
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Tuson, Jennifer A. "The moderation of teacher assessment in the G-component of OCEA." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315989.
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MASTROPASQUA, RODOLFO. "Early retinal flow changes after vitreoretinal surgery in idiopathic epiretinal membrane using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/274574.
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Introduzione: Lo scopo di questo studio osservazionale è di valutare per mezzo di Swept Source OCT Angiografia (SS-OCTA) le modificazioni retiniche vascolari precoci in pazienti sottoposti a chirurgia per rimozione di membrane epiretinica idiopatica (iERM).
Metodi: sono stati esaminati 24 occhi di 24 pazienti sottoposti a vitrectomia e rimozione di membrana limitante interna. Le valutazioni pre e post operatorie sono state effettuate con SS-OCTA (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). Due operatori hanno acquisito 5 scansioni OCTA di 6x6-mm per ogni occhio. Le analisi sono state effettuate esportando le immagini en face del plesso capillare superficiale (SCP) sul programma Image J ed usando algoritmi semiautomatici. Sono stati studiati, sia nell’area parafoveale (2.5 mm di diametro) che in quella perifoveale (5.5 mm di diametro): la densità di perfusione (PD), la densità di lunghezza vascolare (VLD), l’indice di diametro vascolare (VDI) e la tortuosità vascolare (VT)
Risultati: sono state trovate differenze statisticamente significative tra il gruppo controllo ed i pazienti affetti da iERM per ogni parametro (parafoveale e perifoveale) eccettuato il VLD perifoveale. Al Follow up di 1 mese, SCP VLD e VT risultavano significativamente aumentati rispetto ai valori preoperatori nella regione parafoveale (p= 0.043 e p= 0.045)
Conclusioni: L’analisi quantitativa e qualitativa del plesso capillare superficiale con SS-OCTA consente la valutazione di variazioni vascolari precoci in pazienti sottoposti ad intervento chirurgico per iERMBackground: The aim of this observational cross-sectional work was to investigate early retinal vascular changes in patients undergoing idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) surgery using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). Methods: 24 eyes of 24 patients who underwent vitrectomy with inner limiting membrane (ILM) peeling were evaluated pre- and postoperatively using SS-OCTA system (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). For each eye, five 6x6-mm OCTA volume scans were acquired by two observers independently. The en face images of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) were then exported to imageJ and a semi-automated algorithm was used for subsequent quantitative analysis. Perfusion density (PD), vessel length density (VLD), vessel diameter index (VDI) and vessel tortuosity (VT) of SCP were evaluated in both the parafoveal (2.5 mm diameter) and perifoveal areas (5.5 mm diameter); Results: At OCTA analysis statistically significant differences were found between controls and diseased eyes for all parameters in parafoveal and perifoveal regions (p<0.001; p<0.05) except for perifoveal VLD. 1 month after surgery, SCP VLD and VT significantly increased in parafoveal region (p= 0.043 and p= 0.045 respectively) compared to preoperative values. Conclusions: SS-OCTA provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the superficial capillary plexus allowing for early vascular changes assessment after vitrectomy with iERM and ILM peeling.
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Spedicati, Marco. "Automatic generation of annotated datasets for industrial OCR." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17385/.
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Machine learning algorithms need a lot of data, both for training and for
testing. However, not always appropriate data are in fact available. This
document presents the work that has been carried out at Datalogic USA’s
laboratories in Eugene, Oregon, USA, to create data for industrial Optical
Character Recognition (OCR) applications. It describes the automatic sys-
tem that has been built. The images are created by printing and capturing
strings of a variable layout, and they are ground truthed in a later stage, in
an automatic way. Two datasets are generated, of which one is employed to
asses a network’s performance.
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Lamberti, Lorenzo. "A deep learning solution for industrial OCR applications." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19777/.
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This thesis describes a project developed throughout a six months internship in the Machine Vision Laboratory of Datalogic based in Pasadena, California.
The project aims to develop a deep learning system as a possible solution for industrial optical character recognition applications. In particular, the focus falls on a specific algorithm called You Only Look Once (YOLO), which is a general-purpose object detector based on convolutional neural networks that currently offers state-of-the-art performances in terms of trade-off between speed and accuracy. This algorithm is indeed well known for reaching impressive processing speeds, but its intrinsic structure makes it struggle in detecting small objects clustered together, which unfortunately matches our scenario: we are trying to read alphanumerical codes by detecting each single character and then reconstructing the final string. The final goal of this thesis is to overcome this drawback and push the accuracy performances of a general object detector convolutional neural network to its limits, in order to meet the demanding requirements of industrial OCR applications. To accomplish this, first YOLO's unique detecting approach was mastered in its original framework called Darknet, written in C and CUDA, then all the code was translated into Python programming language for a better flexibility, which also allowed the deployment of a custom architecture. Four different datasets with increasing complexity were used as case-studies and the final performances reached were surprising: the accuracy varies between 99.75\% and 99.97\% with a processing time of 15 ms for images $1000\times1000$ big, largely outperforming in speed the current deep learning solution deployed by Datalogic. On the downsides, the training phase usually requires a very large amount of data and time and YOLO also showed some memorization behaviours if not enough variability is given at training time.
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Larsson, Andreas, and Tony Segerås. "Automated invoice handling with machine learning and OCR." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188202.
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Companies often process invoices manually, therefore automation could reduce manual labor. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate which OCR-engine, Tesseract or OCRopus, performs best at interpreting invoices. This thesis also evaluates if it is possible to use machine learning to automatically process invoices based on previously stored data. By interpreting invoices with the OCR-engines, it results in the output text having few spelling errors. However, the invoice structure is lost, making it impossible to interpret the corresponding fields. If Naïve Bayes is chosen as the algorithm for machine learning, the prototype can correctly classify recurring invoice lines after a set of data has been processed. The conclusion is, neither of the two OCR-engines can interpret the invoices to plain text making it understandable. Machine learning with Naïve Bayes works on invoices if there is enough previously processed data. The findings in this thesis concludes that machine learning and OCR can be utilized to automatize manual labor.Företag behandlar oftast fakturor manuellt och en automatisering skulle kunna minska fysiskt arbete. Målet med examensarbetet var att undersöka vilken av OCR-läsarna, Tesseract och OCRopus som fungerar bäst på att tolka en inskannad faktura. Även undersöka om det är möjligt med maskininlärning att automatiskt behandla fakturor utifrån tidigare sparad data. Genom att tolka text med hjälp av OCR-läsarna visade resultaten att den producerade texten blev språkligt korrekt, men att strukturen i fakturan inte behölls vilket gjorde det svårt att tolka vilka fält som hör ihop. Naïve Bayes valdes som algoritm till maskininlärningen och resultatet blev en prototyp som korrekt kunde klassificera återkommande fakturarader, efter att en mängd träningsdata var behandlad. Slutsatsen är att ingen av OCR-läsarna kunde tolka fakturor så att resultatet kunde användas vidare, och att maskininlärning med Naïve Bayes fungerar på fakturor om tillräckligt med tidigare behandlad data finns. Utfallet av examensarbetet är att maskininlärning och OCR kan användas för att automatisera fysiskt arbete.
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Higham, Richard G. "A biophysical analysis of the Ocr protein gel." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2569.
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Ocr is unusual among proteins in its ability to form a transparent gel at high ammonium sulphate concentrations. This transition was investigated using a combination of spectroscopic, microscopic and rheological techniques. It occurs sharply at a concentration of 3.2M ammonium sulphate and is not observed with other types of salt. Rheological measurements showed that rather than precipitating under such conditions, ocr forms a weak viscoelastic gel. Far UV circular dichroism spectra reveal that ocr does not denature in the gel phase, while near UV CD spectra suggest the formation of long, helical structures. Well resolved fibrils were observed using atomic force microscopy. They were over 1µm in length and varied between 2.6nm to 10.4nm in height, corresponding to the thickness and length of the ocr dimer. Ocr is a highly charged protein (-56e at pH 8) and is shaped like a banana. We argue that it is stabilized in specifically aggregated structures at large salt concentrations by these physical properties. Electrostatic repulsions between proteins are screened by salts, allowing proteins to approach close enough to aggregate. The charge on ocr is high enough to resist such precipitation. However, at 3.2M ammonium sulphate we suggest that the salt molecules bridge neighbouring ocr dimers via hydrogen bonds, connecting amino acid carboxyl groups with the ammonium groups of the salt. The banana-shaped dimers stack on top of each other, forming long helical fibrils that intertwine into a semi flexible network.
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Nederhof, Mark-Jan. "OCR of hand-written transcriptions of hieroglyphic text." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-201704.
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Encoding hieroglyphic texts is time-consuming. If a text already exists as hand-written transcription, there is an alternative, namely OCR. Off-the-shelf OCR systems seem difficult to adapt to the peculiarities of Ancient Egyptian. Presented is a proof-of-concept tool that was designed to digitize texts of Urkunden IV in the hand-writing of Kurt Sethe. It automatically recognizes signs and produces a normalized encoding, suitable for storage in a database, or for printing on a screen or on paper, requiring little manual correction.
The encoding of hieroglyphic text is RES (Revised Encoding Scheme) rather than (common dialects of) MdC (Manuel de Codage). Earlier papers argued against MdC and in favour of RES for corpus development. Arguments in favour of RES include longevity of the encoding, as its semantics are font-independent. The present study provides evidence that RES is also much preferable to MdC in the context of OCR. With a well-understood parsing technique, relative positioning of scanned signs can be straightforwardly mapped to suitable primitives of the encoding.
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Kovač, Vojtěch. "Eurozóna z pohledu teorie OCA : závěry pro ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10803.
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This diploma thesis is concerned with the Robert Mundell's theory of optimum currency area (OCA) and its relation to European monetary union (EMU) or (if you like) Eurozone. The OCA theory belongs to one of the most comprehensive approach to evaluate whether adoption of a common currency by a certain block of countries is beneficial of not. Thus this paper tries to apply OCA theory to the current Eurozone member countries and is focused especially on three main attributes -- the symmetry of economic shocks, the labor market flexibility and the economic integration of international trade between the member states of the euro area. Results of this analysis are then applied to the new member states and the immediate candidate EU member states -- especially to the Czech Republic. The work assesses the feasibility of the OCA theory for classification the candidate countries and their readiness for entering the Eurozone and finally offers alternative criteria by which the readiness for adoption of the Euro should be measured. The text is based on available theoretical and empirical sources supplemented by the author's analyses.
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Kocurková, Ludvika. "Endogeneity of OCA Criteria - Impications for Visegrad Countries." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16386.
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Nogén, David, and Jennifer Jonsson. "Matbudgetapplikation." Thesis, KTH, Data- och elektroteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123690.
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Flera nya tjänster som Mina utgifter och Smartbudget vittnar om ett tilltagande intresse bland konsumenter att planera sin ekonomi. Matvaror utgör en stor del av det genomsnittliga hushållets budget och är därmed en kostnadspost som kan göra stor skillnad i hushållets ekonomi.Detta examensarbete ska undersöka möjligheten att jämföra matvarors pris på olika affärer med hjälp av en Android-applikation och genom att fotografera texten på kvitton. Texten kommer sen processas och sorteras för att få ut nödvändig data som sen kan sparas undan i en databas. Färdiga Algoritmer och OCR-motorer har utvärderats och implementerats i applikationen direkt genom så kallade C-Bibliotek. Dessa gör det möjligt att utan större problem vidareutveckla applikationen för iOS eller Windows Phone.Projektet och Android-applikationen visar på möjligheterna att använda färdiga C-bibliotek samt telefoners kamera för att enkelt sålla ut och spara undan den informationen som är relevant för konsumentens del.Multiple new services such as “Mina utgifter” and “Smartbudget” show that there is an increased interest among consumers to plan their economy. Groceries represent a large part of the average households budget and is thereby an important thing that can make a large difference in every households economy.This thesis will examine the possibilities to compare food prices with help of an Android application and by taking pictures of the text on receipts. The text will then be processed and sorted to get the necessary data which later can be saved into a database. Premade algorithms and OCR-engines have been evaluated and implemented directly into the Android application by using so called C-Libraries. This makes it possible without major efforts to further develop the application for IOS or Windows Phone.This project and the Android application show the possibilities to use premade libraries and the phones camera to extract and save the necessary information that is relevant for consumers.
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Voisin, Doria. "Structuration d’organosilices : assemblage covalent et auto-organisation de T8- silsesquioxanes octa-fonctionnalisés." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENCM0017/document.
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Le présent travail vise la synthèse d’organosilices nano-structurées à partir de briques élémentaires de silsesquioxanes polyédriques fonctionnalisées (T8-POSS) de structure cube (RSiO1,5)8. L’assemblage de briques fonctionnelles T8-POSS a été étudié selon deux voies : par des interactions fortes en formant des liaisons covalentes et par des interactions faibles en formant des liaisons hydrogène.La première partie décrit la formation de réseaux hybrides covalents à partir de structure T8 POSS portant huit fonctions aldéhydes. La synthèse et la structure cristalline de ces « cubes » fonctionnalisés sont décrites et la réactivité des fonctions aldéhydes est examinée. La formation de liaisons C=N par réaction d’amines conduit à des réseaux tridimensionnels grâce à la formation de ponts organiques bis-imines joignant les unités silsesquioxanes. Bien que la formation d’imine soit réversible, les solides obtenus ne présentent pas d’ordre à longue distance. La formation de liaisons C=C, dans des conditions de synthèse non réversibles, par réaction de bis-ylures de phosphonium avec les aldéhydes a également été étudiée. Ces réactions de type Wittig engendrent la formation de réseaux hybrides amorphes contenant des sous-structures phenylène-vinylènes dotées de propriétés de fluorescence. La deuxième partie décrit la synthèse de nouvelles molécules de T8-POSS, possédant des fonctions organiques amines ou acides carboxyliques capables d’interactions intermoléculaires grâce à des liaisons hydrogène. Ces interactions permettent l’assemblage des dérivés du T8-POSS fonctionnalisés par huit fonctions acides carboxyliques en un réseau 3D ordonné. Les briques élémentaires T8- POSS s’auto-assemblent par dimérisation des fonctions acides pour engendrer des silices hybrides cristallines. Les structures ont été déterminées par diffraction de rayons X. Les fonctions acides carboxyliques sont intéressantes non seulement par leur capacité à former des liaisons hydrogènes mais également par leur aptitude à former des carboxylates métalliques. Ces derniers ouvrent des perspectives pour la formation de réseaux d’oragnosilices incorporant des métauxThe present work aimed at synthesising nano-structured organosilicas using polyhedral silsesquioxane building blocks (T8-POSS) having a cube structure. The assembly of T8-POSS building blocks to form a 3D network was studied in two ways: first by formation of strong covalent bonds and secondly by formation of weak hydrogen bonds.The first part described the formation of covalent hybrid networks from T8-POSS structures with eight aldehyde functional groups. The synthesis and crystal structure of these functionalised silsesquioxane cubes is described and the reactivity of the aldehyde groups is studied. The formation of C=N bonds upon reaction with amines lead to tree-dimensional networks upon formation of bis-imine bridges linking the silsesquioxane units. Despite the imine formation was reversible, the resulting solids were amorphous materials and exhibited no long distance order. The formation of C=C bonds, under non-reversible reaction conditions, was achieved by reaction of phosphonium bis-ylides. The Wittig type reactions generated amorphous hybrid networks containing bridging phenylene-vinylene substructures with fluorescence properties.The second part described the synthesis of new functionalised T8-POSS cubes with eight amine or carboxylic acid functions capable of intermolecular interactions by hydrogen bonding. It allowed the assembly of the octa-carboxylique acid cubes to form an ordered 3D hybrid network. The T8-POSS building blocks self-assembled upon dimerization of the acid groups and generated crystalline hybrid silicas. The crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The use carboxylic acid groups is interesting because of its ability to form hydrogen bonds and also because of its ability to form metal carboxylate derivatives. It could lead to hybrid metal organic silica frameworks
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Capra, Daniele. "Applicazione di sistemi ocr in contatori di consumo domestico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/8788/.
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La tesi parla dei software OCR, della loro storia e di come si sono evoluti nel tempo, come sono strutturati e come funziona la logica alla base del loro funzionamento, inoltre studia come questi software vengano utilizzati nella lettura dei contatori di consumo domestici.
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Holt, Adam 1971. "Scan your life : integrating OCR into your personal haystack!" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8562.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-105).
I built a self-serve OCR station where anybody can scan in documents at high-speed - a public yet private ATM that accepts document deposits of a wider assortment than just checks. Depending on whether you scan a business card, an article or your entire filing cabinet, CPU-intensive recognition continues after you leave the station, and you are emailed options for secure web pickup. Users of MIT's Haystack personal repositories can even do "1-click" merging of offline literary artifacts into their online lives. The paperless pipe dream may never happen, but cheap digital optics and a mundane 40-year old technology (OCR) are converging to change the game. The mindless convenience of my $6000 kiosk suggests OCR will become a regulated munition* in the coming intellectual property and privacy wars. As OCR proliferates into cheap PDA's, neither publisher nor individual may ever again rely on humanity's oldest form of copy protection: paper. (*) The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (1998) bans technology that circumvents copyright locks.
by Adam Holt.
M.Eng.and S.B.
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Candeias, Mariline Teixeira. "Estudo da Variação de Kₒ com OCR em Areias." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8537.
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em
Engenharia Civil (Perfil de Estruturas e Geotecnia)O presente documento tem como objetivo o estudo da variação do coeficiente de impulso em repouso com o grau de sobreconsolidação, num solo arenoso. Este parâmetro é quantificado através da realização de ensaios triaxiais de consolidação Kₒ, em provetes reconstituídos de areia Toyoura. Para a realização dos ensaios utilizou-se equipamento laboratorial controlado computacionalmente através do GDSLAB, disponível no laboratório de Mecânica dos Solos do Departamento de Engenharia Civil da Nova (Universidade Nova de Lisboa). Foram verificadas as condições de validade, do módulo de operação do ensaio Kₒ, nomeadamente, a condição de deformação radial nula e o excesso de pressão intersticial nulo. Dos ensaios laboratoriais de validação, também se estudou a taxa de carregamento que se adequa ao solo normalmente consolidado e sobreconsolidado. Finalmente, procedeu-se ao ensaio final de consolidação Kₒ em que se realizou três ciclos de carga-descarga, por forma a tornar mais evidente a influência de OCR no valor de Kₒ. Deste ensaio, conclui-se que para todos os ciclos de carga-descarga realizados o valor máximo de Kₒ é sensivelmente 1,5. Os resultados experimentais são comparados com os resultados das fórmulas empíricas sugeridas por outros autores. Da qual se concluiu que a fórmula de Mayne e Kulhawy (1982) é a que se melhor aproxima dos resultados do presente estudo para um valor de OCR inferior ou igual a 5. Para valores de OCR superiores a 5, os valores de Kₒ seguem trajetórias lineares diferentes, para as quais foram propostas fórmulas empíricas.
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Oliveira, Simone Helena Gonçalves de [UNESP]. "Protese ocular individualizada em resina acrílica com esfera oca." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132085.
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Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:23:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 1995-07-26. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:28:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
000026551.pdf: 1739809 bytes, checksum: 96937536447eb6f4c94bc8e2631f4167 (MD5)A técnica proposta visa conseguir uma diminuição de peso das próteses oculares individualizadas amplas de resina acrílica, com passos laboratoriais simplificados. Para isso utilizaram-se esferas ocas pré fabricadas de material plástico, que são incluídas dentro da esclera. Compararam-se os pesos médios de escleras maciças convencionais (5,30g) com os de escleras com esferas ocas pré-fabricadas de material plástico (3,91g), respectivamente. A redução de peso foi significante com intervalo de confiança de 95% pelo teste t de Student. Foi também executada a técnica, a título de ilustração, em pacientes do Ambulatório da Disciplina de Prótese Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia do Câmpus de São José dos Campos-Unesp, tendo cada paciente recebido uma prótese maciça e uma prótese com esfera oca pré-fabricada de material plástico. Concluiu-se que as próteses e as escleras que possuem no seu interior a esfera oca pré-fabricada de material plástico são mais leves que as escleras maciças e que a técnica é viável para cavidades anoftálmicas amplas e é praticada em poucas sessões
The technique proposed aims at reducing the weight of individualized ample ocular prostheses using acrylic resins as well as simplifying laboratory procedure. For that, prefabricated hollow spheres made of plastic material, were inserted in the sclera. The average weights of the solid conventional sclera (5.30g) and those of the respective prefabricated plastic ones (3.91g) were compared. The weight reduction was significative with a confidence interval of 95% by the Student t test. ln addition, for illustration purpose, the technique was applied to patients in the ward of the Maxillofacial Prostheses Dicipline of the Dentistry School in the Campus of São José dos Campos - UNESP, having each patient received a solid prosthesis and a hollow prefabricated one made of plastic material. It has been concluded that the prostheses material spheres were inserted are lighter than the ones which received solid spheres; furthermore, thr technique is viable for ample anophtalmic cavities and requires few sessions
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Oliveira, Simone Helena Gonçalves de. "Protese ocular individualizada em resina acrílica com esfera oca /." São José dos Campos, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132085.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Rolf RodeBanca: Maria Cecília Montagna Rosé
Banca: Horácio Faig Leite
Resumo: A técnica proposta visa conseguir uma diminuição de peso das próteses oculares individualizadas amplas de resina acrílica, com passos laboratoriais simplificados. Para isso utilizaram-se esferas ocas pré fabricadas de material plástico, que são incluídas dentro da esclera. Compararam-se os pesos médios de escleras maciças convencionais (5,30g) com os de escleras com esferas ocas pré-fabricadas de material plástico (3,91g), respectivamente. A redução de peso foi significante com intervalo de confiança de 95% pelo teste "t " de "Student". Foi também executada a técnica, a título de ilustração, em pacientes do Ambulatório da Disciplina de Prótese Buco-Maxilo-Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia do Câmpus de São José dos Campos-Unesp, tendo cada paciente recebido uma prótese maciça e uma prótese com esfera oca pré-fabricada de material plástico. Concluiu-se que as próteses e as escleras que possuem no seu interior a esfera oca pré-fabricada de material plástico são mais leves que as escleras maciças e que a técnica é viável para cavidades anoftálmicas amplas e é praticada em poucas sessões
Abstract: The technique proposed aims at reducing the weight of individualized ample ocular prostheses using acrylic resins as well as simplifying laboratory procedure. For that, prefabricated hollow spheres made of plastic material, were inserted in the sclera. The average weights of the solid conventional sclera (5.30g) and those of the respective prefabricated plastic ones (3.91g) were compared. The weight reduction was significative with a confidence interval of 95% by the "Student" "t" test. ln addition, for illustration purpose, the technique was applied to patients in the ward of the Maxillofacial Prostheses Dicipline of the Dentistry School in the Campus of São José dos Campos - UNESP, having each patient received a solid prosthesis and a hollow prefabricated one made of plastic material. It has been concluded that the prostheses material spheres were inserted are lighter than the ones which received solid spheres; furthermore, thr technique is viable for ample anophtalmic cavities and requires few sessions
Mestre
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Mutalová, Ingrida. "Endogeneity of the OCA Criteria: Implications for Non-Members." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73334.
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Kindermann, Oliver. "Synthese, Eigenschaften und Topochemie von 2,5-Dimethoxyphenyl- und Chinon-substituierten Octa-3,5-diinen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96849577X.
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Vicinanza, Mariella. "The role of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase OCRL-1 in Lowe syndrome." Thesis, Open University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.525850.
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