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Journal articles on the topic 'ODFM'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Lestari, Silvia W., Dwi A. Pujianto, Purnomo Soeharso, and Evelyn Loanda. "Evaluation of outer dense fiber-1 and -2 protein expression in asthenozoospermic infertile men." Medical Journal of Indonesia 24, no. 2 (June 13, 2015): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.13181/mji.v24i2.998.

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Background: Most of male infertility are caused by defect in sperm motility (asthenozoospermia). The molecular mechanism of low sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients has not been fully understood. Sperm motility is strongly related to the axoneme structure which is composed of microtubules and supported by outer dense fiber (ODF) and fibrous sheath (FS) protein. The objective of this study was to characterize the ODF (ODF1 and ODF2) expression in asthenozoospermic infertile male and control normozoospermic fertile male.Methods: Asthenozoospermic samples (n=18) were collected from infertile patients at Andrology Lab, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta and control were taken from normozoospermic fertile donor (n=18). After motility analyses by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), semen were divided into two parts, for Western blot and for immunocytochemistry analysis. Antibody against ODF1 and ODF2 protein were used in both analyses.Results: Analysis of ODF1 protein expression showed bands with molecular weight of ~30 kDa and ODF2 ~85 kDa. The mean band intensity of ODF1 and ODF2 protein were lower in the asthenozoospermic group (AG) compared to normozoospermic group (NG). Moreover, both ODF proteins were less intense and less localized in the AG than NG. Sperm motility was lower in AG, compared to control NG, i.e. average path velocity (VAP) = 32.07 ± 7.03 vs 37.58 ± 8.73 µm/s, p = 0.455; straight line velocity (VSL) = 24.17 ± 6.90 vs 27.61 ± 4.50 µm/s, p = 0.317 and curvilinear velocity (VCL) = 45.68 ± 7.91 vs 55.55 ± 16.40 µm/s, p = 0.099.Conclusion: There is down-regulation of ODF1 and ODF2 protein expression and less-compact localization in AG sperm compared to the NG. These changes might have caused disturbances in the sperm motility as observed in this study.

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2

Nguyen-Thi, My-Kieu, Jinsang Kim, and Seungjoo Lee. "ODFM-Based Adaptive Channel Estimation Algorithms for IEEE 802.11ad WLAN." JOURNAL OF ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CONVERGENCE 6, no. 1 (July 31, 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14801/jaitc.2016.6.1.45.

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3

Wang, Y., L. h. Wang, J. h. Ge, and B. Ai. "Nonlinear companding transform technique for reducing PAPR of ODFM signals." IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 58, no. 3 (August 2012): 752–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tce.2012.6311314.

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4

Gao, Feifei, Yonghong Zeng, Arumugam Nallanathan, and Tung-Sang Ng. "Robust subspace blind channel estimation for cyclic prefixed MIMO ODFM systems: algorithm, identifiability and performance analysis." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 26, no. 2 (2008): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2008.080214.

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5

Seung Hee Han, J. M. Cioffi, and Jae Hong Lee. "On the Use of Hexagonal Constellation for Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction of an ODFM Signal." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 7, no. 3 (March 2008): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2007.06104.

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6

Merli, F. Z., Xiaodong Wang, and G. M. Vitetta. "A Bayesian Multiuser Detection Algorithm for MIMO-ODFM Systems Affected by Multipath Fading, Carrier Frequency Offset, and Phase Noise." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 26, no. 3 (April 2008): 506–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2008.080409.

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7

Rédai, Emőke-Margit, Paula Antonoaea, Nicoleta Todoran, Robert Alexandru Vlad, Magdalena Bîrsan, Anamaria Tătaru, and Adriana Ciurba. "Development and Evaluation of Fluoxetine Fast Dissolving Films: An Alternative for Noncompliance in Pediatric Patients." Processes 9, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9050778.

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The most used pharmaceutical formulations for children are syrups, suppositories, soft chewable capsules, and mini-tablets. Administrating them might create an administration discomfort. This study aimed to develop and evaluate orodispersible films (ODFs) for pediatric patients in which the fluoxetine (FX) is formulated in the polymeric matrix. Six FX fast dissolving films (10 mg FX/ODF), FX1, FX2, FX3, FX4, FX5, and FX6, were prepared by solvent casting technique. In the composition of the ODFs, the concentration of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the concentration of the propylene glycol were varied. Each formulation of fluoxetine ODF was evaluated by determining the tensile strength, folding endurance, disintegration, behavior in the controlled humidity and temperature conditions, and adhesiveness. All the obtained results were compared with the results obtained for six ODFs prepared without FX. The disintegration time of the FX ODFs was of maximum 88 s for FX2. Via the in vitro releasing study of the FX from the ODFs it was noticed that FX1 and FX2 allow a better release of the drug 99.98 ± 3.81% and 97.67 ± 3.85% being released within 15 min. From the obtained results it was also confirmed that FX ODFs were found to follow first-order release kinetic.

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8

Farer, Raoul, Tushar K. Ghosh, Abdelfattah M. Seyam, Eddie Grant, and Subhash K. Batra. "Study of Meltblown Structures Formed by Robotic and Meltblowing Integrated System: Impact of Process Parameters on Fiber Orientation." International Nonwovens Journal os-11, no. 4 (December 2002): 1558925002OS—01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925002os-01100405.

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A novel system that forms two-dimensional (2D) structures on a rotating drum and three-dimensional (3D) structures on 3D molds through proper integration of a laboratory scale meltblown unit with a small die and six-axis robot is briefly described. The system advantages over traditional systems are demonstrated. Parametric studies evaluating the effect of take-up speed, die-to-collector-distance (DCD), polymer throughput rate, and attenuating air pressure on the fiber orientation distribution functions (ODFs) of 2D structures formed by the system are reported. An additional new parameter termed “fiber-stream approach-angle” is introduced and its impact on the ODF of 2D structures is also reported. Under the experimental range studied, the ODFs were significantly impacted by the parameters studied. The fiber-stream approach angle showed the highest impact, among the parameter studied, on the ODF.

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9

Tian, Yu, Yoshita C. Bhide, Herman J. Woerdenbag, Anke L. W. Huckriede, Henderik W. Frijlink, Wouter L. J. Hinrichs, and J. Carolina Visser. "Development of an Orodispersible Film Containing Stabilized Influenza Vaccine." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 3 (March 8, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030245.

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Most influenza vaccines are administered via injection, which is considered as user-unfriendly. Vaccination via oral cavity using an orodispersible film (ODF) might be a promising alternative. To maintain the antigenicity of the vaccine during preparation and subsequent storage of these ODFs, sugars such as trehalose and pullulan can be employed as stabilizing excipients for the antigens. In this study, first, β-galactosidase was used as a model antigen. Solutions containing β-galactosidase and sugar (trehalose or trehalose/pullulan blends) were pipetted onto plain ODFs and then either air- or vacuum-dried. Subsequently, sugar ratios yielding the highest β-galactosidase stability were used to prepare ODFs containing H5N1 whole inactivated influenza virus vaccine (WIV). The stability of the H5N1 hemagglutinin was assessed by measuring its hemagglutination activity. Overall, various compositions of trehalose and pullulan successfully stabilized β-galactosidase and WIV in ODFs. WIV incorporated in ODFs showed excellent stability even at challenging storage conditions (60 °C/0% relative humidity or 30 °C/56% relative humidity) for 4 weeks. Except for sugars, the polymeric component of ODFs, i.e., hypromellose, possibly improved stability of WIV as well. In conclusion, ODFs may be suitable for delivering of WIV to the oral cavity and can possibly serve as an alternative for injections.

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10

Leng, Kuang-dai, and Qiang Yang. "Fabric Tensor Characterization of Tensor-Valued Directional Data: Solution, Accuracy, and Symmetrization." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/516060.

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Fabric tensor has proved to be an effective tool statistically characterizing directional data in a smooth and frame-indifferent form. Directional data arising from microscopic physics and mechanics can be summed up as tensor-valued orientation distribution functions (ODFs). Two characterizations of the tensor-valued ODFs are proposed, using the asymmetric and symmetric fabric tensors respectively. The later proves to be nonconvergent and less accurate but still an available solution for where fabric tensors are required in full symmetry. Analytic solutions of the two types of fabric tensors characterizing centrosymmetric and anticentrosymmetric tensor-valued ODFs are presented in terms of orthogonal irreducible decompositions in both two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) spaces. Accuracy analysis is performed on normally distributed random ODFs to evaluate the approximation quality of the two characterizations, where fabric tensors of higher orders are employed. It is shown that the fitness is dominated by the dispersion degree of the original ODFs rather than the orders of fabric tensors. One application of tensor-valued ODF and fabric tensor in continuum damage mechanics is presented.

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11

Wasilewska, Katarzyna, and Katarzyna Winnicka. "How to assess orodispersible film quality? A review of applied methods and their modifications." Acta Pharmaceutica 69, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 155–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2019-0018.

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Abstract In recent years, there has been a tendency toward creating innovative, easy to use and patient-friendly drug delivery systems suitable for every consumer profile, which would ensure safety, stability and acceptability of a drug. One of the relatively novel and promising approaches is the manufacture of orodispersible films (ODFs), which is an upcoming area of interest in drug delivery. They are defined as polymer thin films that disintegrate in the oral cavity within seconds, without drinking water or chewing, and eliminate the risk of choking. Gaining special usefulness in therapies of children and the elderly, ODFs seem to fill the gap in the range of preparations available for these groups of patients. As no detailed monography of ODFs including testing methods and uniform requirements has been presented in any of the pharmacopoeias to date, the aim of this article is to give an overview of the applied testing methods, their modifications and innovative approaches related to ODF quality assessment.

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12

Lordello, Virgínia Barreto, Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin, Sarah Raquel de Annunzio, Maria Pía Taranto, Marlus Chorilli, Carla Raquel Fontana, and Daniela Cardoso Umbelino Cavallini. "Orodispersible Film Loaded with Enterococcus faecium CRL183 Presents Anti-Candida albicans Biofilm Activity In Vitro." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070998.

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Background: Probiotic bacteria have been emerging as a trustworthy choice for the prevention and treatment of Candida spp. infections. This study aimed to develop and characterize an orodispersible film (ODF) for delivering the potentially probiotic Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 into the oral cavity, evaluating its in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Methods and Results: The ODF was composed by carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, and potato starch, and its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties were studied. The probiotic resistance and viability during processing and storage were evaluated as well as its in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans. The ODFs were thin, resistant, and flexible, with neutral pH and microbiologically safe. The probiotic resisted the ODF obtaining process, demonstrating high viability (>9 log10 CFU·g−1), up to 90 days of storage at room temperature. The Probiotic Film promoted 68.9% of reduction in fungal early biofilm and 91.2% in its mature biofilm compared to the group stimulated with the control film. Those results were confirmed through SEM images. Conclusion: The probiotic ODF developed is a promising strategy to prevent oral candidiasis, since it permits the local probiotic delivery, which in turn was able to reduce C. albicans biofilm formation.

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13

Tóth, László S., and Paul Van Houtte. "Discretization Techniques for Orientation Distribution Functions." Textures and Microstructures 19, no. 4 (January 1, 1992): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.19.229.

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Two methods for the discrete orientation representation of continuous orentation distribution functions (ODFs) are presented. The first one is based on the cumulative ODF, while the second one uses a minimum orientation distance criterion. The properties of these new techniques are discussed and contrasted with each other as well as with an earlier method which is based on cutting below certain limiting intensity. Four kinds of tests have been carried out on these techniques: i. their performance in reproducing the ODF, ii. prediction of physical parameters, as R and M values, iii. deformation texture predictions, iv. rediscretizations during deformation texture modelling. The results of these tests show the good applicability of the proposed two new discretization techniques for approximating the ODF, to calculate physical parameters and for deformation texture modelling, even at relatively low number of orientations. The cutting technique, however, found to be unprecise, even at large number of orientations. On the basis of the results obtained during the rediscretization tests, a new technique for modelling twinning in deformation texture codes has been proposed.

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14

Ferri, Joël, Julien Potier, Jean-Michel Maes, Hervey Rakotomalala, Ludovic Lauwers, Mickael Cotelle, and Romain Nicot. "Les arthrites de l’articulation temporomandibulaire : mise au point et attitude pratique en ODMF et ODF." International Orthodontics 16, no. 3 (September 2018): 545–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2018.06.020.

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15

Schaeben, H. "Numerical Determination of the Variation Width of Feasible ODFs." Textures and Microstructures 21, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.21.55.

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Within all known methods of calculating a model orientation density (odf) from a given set of pole densities (pdfs) the set of all feasible odfs and in particular its associated variation width remained unaccessible up to now.Here, the variation width is mathematically well defined for the continuous and the discrete setting of the fundamental projection equation of texture goniometry. For the discrete case it is shown that it can be numerically determined by a sequence of optimization problems with extremely simple objective functions.The general solution is exemplified for the SANTA FE model data.

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16

Kiefer, Olga, Björn Fischer, and Jörg Breitkreutz. "Fundamental Investigations into Metoprolol Tartrate Deposition on Orodispersible Films by Inkjet Printing for Individualised Drug Dosing." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020247.

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Individualised medicine is continuously gaining attention in pharmaceutical research. New concepts and manufacturing technologies are required to realise this therapeutic approach. Off-label drugs used in paediatrics, such as metoprolol tartrate (MPT), are potential candidates for innovations in this context. Orodispersible films (ODFs) have been shown as an accepted alternative dosage form during the last years and inkjet printing is traded as seminal technology of precise deposition of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The objective of this study was to combine both technologies by developing imprinted ODFs based on hypromellose with therapeutically reasonable MPT single doses of 0.35 to 3.5 mg for paediatric use. After preselection, suitable ink compositions were analysed by confocal Raman microscopy regarding MPT distribution within the imprinted ODFs. Adjusted print settings, speed, print direction and angle, characterised the final ODF surface structure. The present investigations show that uniform dosages with acceptance values between 1 and 6 can be achieved. Nevertheless, changes in calibrated printed quantity due to nozzle aging have a significant effect on the final applied dose. At the lowest investigated quantity, the RSD was ±28% and at the highest, ±9%. This has to be considered for implementation of inkjet printing as a pharmaceutical production tool in the future.

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17

Faisal, K., V. S. Periasamy, S. Sahabudeen, A. Radha, R. Anandhi, and M. A. Akbarsha. "Spermatotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in rat: extrusion of outer dense fibres and associated axonemal microtubule doublets of sperm flagellum." REPRODUCTION 135, no. 3 (March 2008): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-07-0367.

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Male Wistar rats were treated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Live as well as methanol-fixed cauda epididymal spermatozoa were stained with acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) and observed under a fluorescence microscope. Giemsa-stained smears were observed in a bright field microscope. Unstained smears were observed with phase contrast illumination. The axoneme of more than 10% of the spermatozoa of treated rats had the outer dense fibres (ODFs), in varying numbers, and the associated axonemal microtubule doublets of the flagellum extruded either at midpiece–principal piece junction or connecting piece. This could be perceived in all light microscopic preparations, but AO–EB staining offered an advantage of the assessment of the viability as well. TEM observation of sections of the testis and cauda epididymidis also revealed ODF extrusion, as seen in the transverse sections of sperm flagella missing one or more ODFs and the associated axonemal microtubule doublets. In a few such sections, the extruded elements were seen in the cytoplasm, outside the mitochondrial sheath or peripheral sheath. Marginal to severe mitochondrial pathologies were observed in the spermatozoa and elongated spermatids, suggesting a link between AFB1-induced sperm mitochondrial pathology and extrusion of ODFs. However, the possibility that AFB1 treatment would disrupt the cytoskeletal proteins of the flagellum, resulting in the extrusion of ODFs, cannot be excluded. This sperm abnormality is reported for the first time as produced by a dietary toxin. Dietary aflatoxins, therefore, could also be contributory factors for the deterioration of the reproductive health of men.

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18

Öblom, Heidi, Erica Sjöholm, Maria Rautamo, and Niklas Sandler. "Towards Printed Pediatric Medicines in Hospital Pharmacies: Comparison of 2D and 3D-Printed Orodispersible Warfarin Films with Conventional Oral Powders in Unit Dose Sachets." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2019): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11070334.

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To date, the lack of age-appropriate medicines for many indications results in dose manipulation of commercially available dosage forms, commonly resulting in inaccurate doses. Various printing technologies have recently been explored in the pharmaceutical field due to the flexible and precise nature of the techniques. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the currently used method to produce patient-tailored warfarin doses at HUS Pharmacy in Finland with two innovative printing techniques. Dosage forms of various strengths (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg) were prepared utilizing semisolid extrusion 3D printing, inkjet printing and the established compounding procedure for oral powders in unit dose sachets (OPSs). Orodispersible films (ODFs) drug-loaded with warfarin were prepared by means of printing using hydroxypropylcellulose as a film-forming agent. The OPSs consisted of commercially available warfarin tablets and lactose monohydrate as a filler. The ODFs resulted in thin and flexible films showing acceptable ODF properties. Moreover, the printed ODFs displayed improved drug content compared to the established OPSs. All dosage forms were found to be stable over the one-month stability study and suitable for administration through a naso-gastric tube, thus, enabling administration to all possible patient groups in a hospital ward. This work demonstrates the potential of utilizing printing technologies for the production of on-demand patient-specific doses and further discusses the advantages and limitations of each method.

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19

Perrin, Muriel, Cyril Poupon, Bernard Rieul, Patrick Leroux, André Constantinesco, Jean-François Mangin, and Denis LeBihan. "Validation of q -ball imaging with a diffusion fibre-crossing phantom on a clinical scanner." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, no. 1457 (May 29, 2005): 881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2005.1650.

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Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion imaging provides a valuable tool used for inferring structural anisotropy of brain white matter connectivity from diffusion tensor imaging. Recently, several high angular resolution diffusion models were introduced in order to overcome the inadequacy of the tensor model for describing fibre crossing within a single voxel. Among them, q -ball imaging (QBI), inherited from the q -space method, relies on a spherical Radon transform providing a direct relationship between the diffusion-weighted MR signal and the orientation distribution function (ODF). Experimental validation of these methods in a model system is necessary to determine the accuracy of the methods and to optimize them. A diffusion phantom made up of two textile rayon fibre (comparable in diameter to axons) bundles, crossing at 90°, was designed and dedicated to ex vivo q -ball validation on a clinical scanner. Normalized ODFs were calculated inside regions of interest corresponding to monomodal and bimodal configurations of underlying structures. Three-dimensional renderings of ODFs revealed monomodal shapes for voxels containing single-fibre population and bimodal patterns for voxels located within the crossing area. Principal orientations were estimated from ODFs and were compared with a priori structural fibre directions, validating efficiency of QBI for depicting fibre crossing. In the homogeneous regions, QBI detected the fibre angle with an accuracy of 19° and in the fibre-crossing region with an accuracy of 30°.

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20

Kumar, Y. Shravan, R. Gowthami, Sujitha H, Nagaraju T, Rajashekar M, Murali Krishna Kumar, and Y. Madhusudhan Rao. "Formulation and Evaluation of Sumatriptan Succinate Fast Disintegrating Films and Tablets." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2013): 2087–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2013.6.2.11.

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Sumatriptan succinate is a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist which has well established efficacy in treating migraine. The main objective of the study was to formulate Oral Fast Disintegrating Films (ODF) and Oral Fast Disintegrating Tablets (ODT) to achieve a better dissolution rate and further improving the bioavailability of the drug. ODFs were prepared by solvent casting method using film forming polymers like HPMC – E15,5cps,50cps in different ratios & prepared batches of films were evaluated for the drug content, film thickness, disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. Among the prepared formulation F7 containing HPMC – 50cps (drug: polymer ratios = 1:1) was found to be best formulations which releases 98.2±1.1of the drug within 17±0.02 sec. ODTs prepared by direct compression method using in different concentrations of super-disintegrants. The prepared formulation T12 (combination of disintegrants) containing CP + CCS (6%) was considered to be the best formulation, which releases up to 100±0.38% of the drug in 23±0.75 sec, respectively. Based on these results, it is suggested that ODFs have faster disintegration time and drug release than ODTs.

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21

Cho, Hui-Won, Seung-Hoon Baek, Beom-Jin Lee, and Hyo-Eon Jin. "Orodispersible Polymer Films with the Poorly Water-Soluble Drug, Olanzapine: Hot-Melt Pneumatic Extrusion for Single-Process 3D Printing." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12080692.

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Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) improve the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. ASDs of olanzapine (OLZ), which have a high melting point and low solubility, are performed using a complicated process. Three-dimensional (3D) printing based on hot-melt pneumatic extrusion (HMPE) is a simplified method for producing ASDs. Unlike general 3D printing, printlet extrusion is possible without the preparation of drug-loaded filaments. By heating powder blends, direct fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing through a nozzle is possible, and this step produces ASDs of drugs. In this study, we developed orodispersible films (ODFs) loaded with OLZ as a poorly water-soluble drug. Various ratios of film-forming polymers and plasticizers were investigated to enhance the printability and optimize the printing temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the surface morphology of the film for the optimization of the polymer carrier ratios. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to evaluate thermal properties. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) confirmed the physical form of the drug during printing. The 3D printed ODF formulations successfully loaded ASDs of OLZ using HMPE. Our ODFs showed fast disintegration patterns within 22 s, and rapidly dissolved and reached up to 88% dissolution within 5 min in the dissolution test. ODFs fabricated using HMPE in a single process of 3D printing increased the dissolution rates of the poorly water-soluble drug, which could be a suitable formulation for fast drug absorption. Moreover, this new technology showed prompt fabrication feasibility of various formulations and ASD formation of poorly water-soluble drugs as a single process. The immediate dissolution within a few minutes of ODFs with OLZ, an atypical antipsychotic, is preferred for drug compliance and administration convenience.

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22

van den Boogaart, K. Gerald. "Statistical Errors of Texture Entities Based on EBSD Orientation Measurements." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.179.

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The determination of an ODF, C-coefficients, property tensors and portions of texture components from EBSD orientation measurements is afflicted with statistical errors introduced by incomplete sampling of the grains. Since the measurements are highly spatially correlated and stochastically dependent, classical sampling theory does not apply. A general statistical method for error estimation in the presence of stochastically dependent observations has been developed and applied to the most important quantities of texture analysis. The method is based on the assumption of a finite range of dependence between different measurements and on the estimation of the covariance in the observed set of orientation. The methods allows the computation of standard measurement errors and confidence limits for the mentioned texture quantities. It can be used for an objective decision whether two textures are statistically equal or not, based on the comparison of estimated ODFs. Further we can decide statistically whether the ODF obeys certain types of symmetry (e.g. whether it is a girdle textures or whether it is symmetric about the shear plane observed in the field).

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23

Pilarczyk, Jan W., Zygmunt Nitkiewicz, Barbara Kucharska, and T. Małecki. "Analysis of Textures of Wires Drawn in Pressure and Roller Dies with ODF." Materials Science Forum 495-497 (September 2005): 865–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.495-497.865.

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In the work orientation distribution functions (ODF) were determined for wires drawn in pressure and roller dies from a high carbon steel wire rod with a diameter 5.5 mm to wires with a diameter 3.8 mm and 3.0 mm. For a comparison ODFs for wires drawn conventionally were also determined. The texture was measured on the cross sections of investigated wires prepared in a form of squares to eliminate the effect of the surface layer. In the first stage of a drawing with a total reduction of 54.3% it has been found that in wires drawn conventionally (KI), in pressure dies (HI) and in roller dies (RI) a strong <110> fibre-texture exist with a value of the ODF equal to about 3.2 for all tested wires. At an increase of the total reduction from 54.3% to 71.5% values of ODF were different for different methods of drawing. For wires with a diameter 3.0 mm drawn conventionally (KF) it was equal 4.25 and for wires drawn in pressure dies (HF) the ODF value was the highest and equal to 4.4. For wires drawn in roller dies the ODF value was the lowest and equal only to 2.6. It means that in spite of the increase of the total reduction roller die drawing results in a decrease of the sharpness of the fibre texture <110>. In conventional drawing and in pressure dies drawing an increase of the <110> texture has been noticed with the increase of the total reduction. In addition to a strong <110> texture component, specimens K and H also featured weak <311> and <310> components. In R specimens there were more of such additional components after the first stage of drawing i.e. <311>, <310>, <210>, <211> and after the second stage of drawing (total area reduction 71.5%) - <311>, <310>.

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24

Liu, W. P., N. J. Park, and H. J. Bunge. "Textures in Ceramic Superconductors." Textures and Microstructures 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.13.41.

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Textures in bulk Y–Ba–Cu–O superconducting materials were studied. Texturing methods are based on the paramagnetic anisotropy, grain-dimension anisotropy and surface-energy anisotropy of the crystals. Five incomplete X-ray pole figures including four superimposed ones were measured for the ODF calculation. The ODFs were calculated with the series expansion method including the positivity method by means of an iteration process.The results show that a strong (001)-fibre texture can be achieved by magnetic alignment but the density of the materials after sintering is still too low. The grain-dimension effect which exists in nearly all powder-forming process, is very weak for texturing of the materials. The surface texture depends on recrystallization of the powder particles.

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25

ISHIHARA, Shigekazu. "ODAM 96." Japanese journal of ergonomics 32, no. 6 (1996): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.32.333.

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26

Odom, Will. "Will Odom." Interactions 21, no. 2 (March 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559980.

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Odom, William. "William Odom." Interactions 25, no. 4 (June 27, 2018): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3230717.

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28

Witzke, V., A. I. Shapiro, M. Cernetic, R. V. Tagirov, N. M. Kostogryz, L. S. Anusha, Y. C. Unruh, S. K. Solanki, and R. L. Kurucz. "MPS-ATLAS: A fast all-in-one code for synthesising stellar spectra." Astronomy & Astrophysics 653 (September 2021): A65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140275.

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Context. Stellar spectral synthesis is essential for various applications, ranging from determining stellar parameters to comprehensive stellar variability calculations. New observational resources as well as advanced stellar atmosphere modelling, taking three dimensional effects from radiative magnetohydrodynamics calculations into account, require a more efficient radiative transfer. Aims. For accurate, fast and flexible calculations of opacity distribution functions (ODFs), stellar atmospheres, and stellar spectra, we developed an efficient code building on the well-established ATLAS9 code. The new code also paves the way for easy and fast access to different elemental compositions in stellar calculations. Methods. For the generation of ODF tables, we further developed the well-established DFSYNTHE code by implementing additional functionality and a speed-up by employing a parallel computation scheme. In addition, the line lists used can be changed from Kurucz’s recent lists. In particular, we implemented the VALD3 line list. Results. A new code, the Merged Parallelised Simplified ATLAS, is presented. It combines the efficient generation of ODF, atmosphere modelling, and spectral synthesis in local thermodynamic equilibrium, therefore being an all-in-one code. This all-in-one code provides more numerical functionality and is substantially faster compared to other available codes. The fully portable MPS-ATLAS code is validated against previous ATLAS9 calculations, the PHOENIX code calculations, and high-quality observations.

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Ghafouri-Fard, S., S. Ghafouri-Fard, and M. H. Modarressi. "Short Communication Expression of splice variants of cancer-testis genes ODF3 and ODF4 in the testis of a prostate cancer patient." Genetics and Molecular Research 11, no. 4 (2012): 3642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2012.october.4.11.

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Peak, M., K. Baj, A. Isreb, M. Wojsz, I. Mohammad, and M. Albed Alhnan. "O22 3D printed polyethylene oxide oral doses with innovative ‘radiator-like’ design: impact of molecular weight on mechanical and rheological properties and drug release." Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, no. 6 (May 17, 2019): e10.1-e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-esdppp.22.

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BackgroundDespite regulatory advances, lack of age-appropriate formulations (AAFs) remains a challenge in paediatric practice. 3D-printing of oral dosage forms (ODFs) offers potential for AAFs for children. Optimising drug release from 3D-printed ODFs is an important technological step. Despite the abundant use of polyethylene oxides (PEOs) and their extensive use as an excipient, there have been no previous reports of applying this thermoplastic polymer species alone to fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing. We assessed the impact of polymer molecular weight (MW) on the mechanical properties of the resultant filaments and their rheological properties. In the FDM 3D printing process, we also tested the effect of an innovative radiator-like design of the ODF on the acceleration of drug release patterns.MethodsBlends of PEO (MW: 100K, 200K, 300K, 600K or 900K) with PEG 6K (plasticiser) and a model drug (theophylline) were prepared by hot-melt extrusion. The resultant filaments were used as a feed for a FDM 3D printer to fabricate innovative designs of ODFs in a radiator-like geometry with inter-connected paralleled plates and inter-plate spacing of either 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm or 2mm.ResultsVarying blends of PEO and PEG allowed formation of mechanically resistant filaments (maximum load at break of 357, 608, 649, 882, 781 N for filament produced with 100K, 200K, 300K, 600K or 900K, respectively). Filaments of PEO at a MW of 200K-600K were compatible with FDM 3D printing. Further increase in PEO MW resulted in elevated shear viscosity (>104 Pa.S) at the printing temperature and hindered material flow during FDM 3D printing. A minimum spacing (1 mm) between parallel plates of the radiator-like design was essential to boost drug release from the structure.ConclusionThese findings are essential in the development of next-generation personalised drug delivery doses using specialised polymer/polymer blends purposely optimised for FDM 3D printing.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

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Rosales, Jesusa, Krishna Sarker, Natalie Ho, Marta Broniewska, Priscilla Wong, Min Cheng, Frans van der Hoorn, and Ki-Young Lee. "ODF1 Phosphorylation by Cdk5/p35 Enhances ODF1-OIP1 Interaction." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 20, no. 5 (2007): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000107517.

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Ulgiati, Sergio. "H.T. Odum and E.C. Odum, the prosperous way down." Ecological Modelling 178, no. 1-2 (October 2004): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.12.033.

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Ginisty, D., Kaddour-Brahim, J. B. Kerbrat, Hatraf, and F. Granville. "Langue et ODMF." Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale 105, no. 3 (June 2004): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-1768(04)72358-x.

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Broekema, Anne E. H., Rob Molenberg, Jos M. A. Kuijlen, Rob J. M. Groen, Michiel F. Reneman, and Remko Soer. "The Odom Criteria." Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 101, no. 14 (July 2019): 1301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.18.00370.

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Singh, C. D., V. Ramaswamy, and C. Suryanarayana. "Development of Rolling Textures in an Austenitic Stainless Steel." Textures and Microstructures 19, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1992): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/tsm.19.101.

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Three dimensional texture analysis by means of orientation distribution functions (ODF) was used to examine the texture development during rolling at 473 K in an austenitic stainless steel. With the help of ODFs results, the different stages of texture development could be assigned to the existing theories of heterogeneous deformation mechanisms of low SFE face-centred cubic metals. The texture at very low degree of rolling consists of two limited orientation tubes with their fibre axes 〈110〉//ND and 〈110〉60∘ND and agrees with the predictions made by Taylor model. With further deformation, twinning causes the reduction of ≈{112}〈111〉 component and leads to the formation of twin {552}〈115〉. Abnormal slip on slip planes parallel to the twin boundaries rotates the twins into the {332}〈113〉 and {111}〈110〉 positions. The shear bands formation in the rotated twin-matrix lamellae changes their orientations near to {011}〈100〉 and {011}〈112〉 positions. Finally, normal slip again continues and sharpens the brass-type rolling texture.

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Root, Richard B. "Eugene P. Odum Award." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 85, no. 4 (October 2004): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2004)85[142:epoa]2.0.co;2.

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JOYCE, KATE M. "An Ode to Odum." BioScience 53, no. 12 (2003): 1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[1229:aoto]2.0.co;2.

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38

Friedman, Allan, and Robert Anderson. "GUY L. ODOM, MD." Transactions of the ... Meeting of the American Surgical Association CXXII, &NA; (2004): 348–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00153307-200401220-00043.

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Singleton, Christine. "ODFS - What is it?" Physiotherapy 86, no. 3 (March 2000): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)61160-1.

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Williams, Phil. "In Memoriam: Eugene Odum." Society of Wetland Scientists Bulletin 19, no. 4 (December 2002): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0732-9393(2002)019[0027:imeo]2.0.co;2.

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Siddiqui, Sabina, C. Todd Bruker, Daniel P. Kestler, James S. Foster, Keith D. Gray, Alan Solomon, and John L. Bell. "Odontogenic Ameloblast Associated Protein as a Novel Biomarker for Human Breast Cancer." American Surgeon 75, no. 9 (September 2009): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480907500906.

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Odontogenic Ameloblast Associated Protein (ODAM) is a protein isolated in ameloblasts during odontogenesis. ODAM expression was identified in breast cancer, but its significance remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine if ODAM expression can serve as a prognostic marker and provide information regarding treatment in human breast cancer. Breast cancer patients were identified from our tumor registry from 1993 to 2003. Archived breast cancer tissue from 243 patients (stage 0 = 53, stage I = 51, stage II = 53, stage III = 47, stage IV = 39) was stained using monoclonal antibody for ODAM. Presence or absence of immunostaining was correlated with stage, histologic grade, response to chemotherapy, and survival using χ2 and logistic regression analyses. Tumor nuclear staining for ODAM increased with increasing group stage ( P < 0.001). Staining for ODAM did not correlate with histologic grade or chemotherapy ( P = 0.558, P = 0.093). Improved outcomes within each stage were noted with ODAM staining, statistically significant for stages 0, I, and II ( P < 0.001, P = 0.003, P = 0.003) and underpowered for stages III and IV ( P = 0.724, P = 0.059). Survival benefit associated with tumor nuclear staining increased with advancing stage ( P < 0.001). These results show that ODAM predicts survival in breast cancer. Research is ongoing to determine ODAM's clinical utility and role in carcinogenesis.

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Li, Jian, Vincent Henneken, Marcus Louwerse, and Ronald Dekker. "Optical Data Link Module for Data Transmission in Smart Catheters." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2020, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 000169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2020.1.000169.

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Abstract We demonstrate a stand-alone optical data link module (ODLM) that fits in the limited space budget of smart imaging catheters. The module is based on an extension of the Flex-to-Rigid (F2R) technology platform for miniaturized system integration. The ODLM is a silicon-based interposer that comprises a commercially available Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL), which has its electrical contacts and laser emitting spot on the same surface. With the flexible interconnects, the ODLM reroutes the flip-chipped VCSEL electrical contacts to the side that is perpendicular to the surface of the VCSEL. This enables the ODLM to be mounted on a flex-PCB and fit into the limited space in the distal tip of the smart catheter. An optical fiber that runs in parallel to the catheter shaft is inserted into the through-silicon hole (TSH) of the ODLM and self-aligned to the VCSEL for optical data transmission. The design of the ODLM and the F2R technology platform are introduced, and an ODLM demonstrator is fabricated and presented.

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Gong, Fei, Bangrang Di, Lianbo Zeng, Jianxin Wei, Jiwei Cheng, and Liangliang Gao. "The elastic properties and anisotropy of artificial compacted clay samples." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): MR1—MR15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0608.1.

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Clay minerals are a major component of hydrocarbon reservoir rocks, and they are known to play important roles in the physical and elastic properties of rocks. However, it is difficult to directly measure these properties of single-crystal clays due to their small particle size. Therefore, we have constructed three sets of artificial clay samples with different compaction stresses to investigate the effect of the compaction stress and clay mineralogy on their elastic properties and anisotropy. All of the dry samples are measured by the pulse-transmission method. The results indicate that the compaction stress and clay mineralogy have a significant influence on the physical and elastic properties of the clay samples. The microstructures of clay samples indicate that the clay platelets are aligned almost perpendicularly to the direction of compaction stress, and the ultrasonic velocity analysis validates the assumption of transverse isotropy of our clay samples. The velocities increase with the compaction stress, especially at low stress, which corresponds to the rapid porosity reduction at low stress levels. Velocity anisotropy parameters increase with increasing of compaction stress due to the increase of texture sharpness for clay minerals during the compaction process. The elastic moduli of the clay samples display a significant stress sensitivity and a strong directional dependence, with the Young’s moduli increasing and the Poisson’s ratios decreasing with the compaction stress. A simple theoretical template is used to quantify the orientation distribution functions (ODFs) of clay platelets, and the generalized Legendre coefficients of ODF increase with the increase of compaction stress, especially at low stress. Further, the compressional-wave (P-wave) and shear-wave anisotropy increase with the ODF coefficients [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], especially P-wave anisotropy.

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Choi, C. S., E. F. Baker, and J. Orosz. "Application of ODF to the Rietveld Profile Refinement of Polycrystalline Solid." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800015500.

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The Rietveld profile refinement method is probably the most popular technique used for the crystallographic characterization of materials including crystal structures and phase analysis, but it has been used mostly with ideal powder sample, not with textured polycrystals, because effects of strong and complex textures. Most technological materials are fabricated by using thermo-mechanical forming processes, which inevitably produce strong and complex preferential orientations of the crystallites. Consequently, the diffraction patterns of a given technological material are not unique but vary considerably with the measuring direction, with intensity variations as large as factors of hundreds, depending on the degree of texture. The texture effect on the diffraction pattern of a certain sample direction is directly proportional to the pole density of the corresponding inverse pole figure, which can be obtained from the three-dimensional orientation distribution function (ODF) of the material. The ODFs of materials with high crystal symmetry, such as cubic, hexagonal, tetragonal, and orthorhombic, can be determined quite precisely, using modern texture analysis techniques (for example, Bungel, Wenk, and Kallend et al.). The pole density distributions of the inverse pole figures can be used in the diffraction profile calculation of a highly textured sample.

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Volz, H. M., S. C. Vogel, C. T. Necker, J. A. Roberts, A. C. Lawson, D. J. Williams, L. L. Daemen, L. Lutterotti, and J. Pehl. "Rietveld texture analysis by neutron diffraction of highly absorbing materials." Powder Diffraction 21, no. 2 (June 2006): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.2204058.

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We discuss the impact of strong absorption for thermal neutrons on data analysis and compare absorption corrections in the GSAS and MAUD Rietveld codes for texture and structural parameter refinement. Diffraction data were collected on the neutron powder diffractometer HIPPO at LANSCE from dysprosium and erbium, which are moderate-to-strong absorbers for thermal neutrons with absorption cross sections of 159 barns for Er and 994 barns for Dy at λ=1.8 Å. Both elements have hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) crystal structures, and the samples were various thicknesses of rolled foils. The orientation distribution functions (ODF) were fit to the same neutron time-of-flight data sets using two very different full pattern Rietveld analysis procedures. Spherical harmonics functions were fit to the textured data using GSAS. These data were also analyzed by the modified direct method E-WIMV using MAUD. The resulting pole figures from the ODFs determined by both Rietveld analysis packages are qualitatively similar, and the textures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Additionally, data from orthorhombic dysprosium and erbium fluoride powders show that atomic positions are not sensitive to absorption. We address inconsistencies and methodologies in data analysis when strong absorption is present.

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Hardt, John. "General William Odom, 1932-2008." Problems of Post-Communism 55, no. 6 (November 2008): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/ppc1075-8216550606.

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47

Ewel, John J. "Howard Thomas Odum (1924–2002)." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 84, no. 1 (January 2003): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623(2003)84[13:hto]2.0.co;2.

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McClanahan, T. R. "Crossing scales: Howard T. Odum." Environmental Conservation 29, no. 3 (September 2002): 271–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892902000176.

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One of the founders of modern ecology, environmental science, ecological engineering and economics, H.T. Odum, passed away on 11 September 2002 in Gainesville, Florida, from cancer at the age of 78. He died less than a month after the death of his older brother and long-time collaborator, Eugene P. Odum. The two brothers published the classic ecological textbook of the early 1950s (Odum 1953; H.T. Odum's role was not credited until an acknowledgement page in the 3rd edition, published in 1971), one of the first modern holistic views of ecology, ecosystems and human impacts. Among numerous other prizes and awards, they jointly won the Crafoord Prize in 1987, equivalent to a Nobel Prize in ecology, and the Prize of the Institut de la Vie in Paris in 1976. Howard Odum produced 15 books, nearly 300 articles and was chairman for nearly 100 doctoral dissertations of which 75 were during his tenure at the University of Florida from 1970. His students are leaders in many fields of environmental science. His ashes were scattered in the Howard T. Odum Memorial Cypress Swamp, a cypress dome near the University of Florida campus that he donated to the University for research purposes.

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Jones, Terry L., and Mona Tucker. "LeiLynn Olivas Odom (1946–2020)." California Archaeology 12, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1947461x.2020.1837496.

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50

Spivey, Erich Sean-Paul. "In Memoriam: Howard Thomas Odum." Society of Wetland Scientists Bulletin 19, no. 4 (December 2002): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/0732-9393(2002)019[0029:imhto]2.0.co;2.

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