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Journal articles on the topic 'Odors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Ayabe-Kanamum, Saho, Tadashi Kikuchi, and Sachiko Saito. "Effect of Verbal Cues on Recognition Memory and Pleasantness Evaluation of Unfamiliar Odors." Perceptual and Motor Skills 85, no. 1 (1997): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.85.1.275.

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The experiment investigated the effect of verbal cues on recognition memory for unfamiliar odors. 58 participants learned 20 odors of chemical substances. The control group learned the odors without accompanying verbal labels whereas two other groups learned the odors with accompanying verbal labels. The labels referred to relatively pleasant or unpleasant odor sources. On a memory test, administered 15 min. and also 1 wk. after the learning phase, participants were asked to recognize 10 learned odors from 10 unlearned odors and to evaluate each odor's pleasantness. Analysis showed (a) the ver

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2

Burlingame, G. A. "A practical framework using odor survey data to prioritize nuisance odors." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 3 (2009): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.872.

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There are three main questions that need to be answered to address nuisance odors at the fenceline of a wastewater treatment plant: What odors are occurring at the fenceline of the plant? What processes within the plant give rise to these odors? What priority should we assign to mitigation of the nuisance odors? The prioritization is based on three factors that make odors a nuisance: strength or intensity of the odor when it is detected; quality or description of the odor; persistence or occurrence of the odor at the fenceline. Since fenceline odors vary according to: wind direction; wind spee

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3

Bo, Weichen, Yuandong Yu, Ran He, et al. "Insight into the Structure–Odor Relationship of Molecules: A Computational Study Based on Deep Learning." Foods 11, no. 14 (2022): 2033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142033.

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Molecules with pleasant odors, unacceptable odors, and even serious toxicity are closely related to human social life. It is impractical to identify the odors of molecules in large quantities (particularly hazardous odors) using experimental methods. Computer-aided methods have currently attracted increasing attention for the prediction of molecular odors. Here, through models based on multilayer perceptron (MLP) and physicochemical descriptors (MLP-Des), MLP and molecular fingerprint, and convolutional neural network (CNN), we conduct the two-class prediction of odor/no odor, fruity/no odor,

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4

Burlingame, Gary A. "Odor Profiling of Environmental Odors." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 6 (1999): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0254.

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There is a need to standardize a field procedure for odor profiling of environmental odors. There is a need to drive the analytical procedures toward a practical, useful method for profiling odors in contrast to highly complex instrumentation or lab-based techniques. A technique for profiling odors, and tracking odor sources will be outlined. An example of its successful use in profiling odors at a wastewater treatment plant will be described.

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5

Tamura, Kaori, and Tsuyoshi Okamoto. "Odor descriptive ratings can predict some odor-color associations in different color features of hue or lightness." PeerJ 11 (April 20, 2023): e15251. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15251.

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Background Olfactory information can be associated with color information. Researchers have investigated the role of descriptive ratings of odors on odor-color associations. Research into these associations should also focus on the differences in odor types. We aimed to identify the odor descriptive ratings that can predict odor-color corresponding formation, and predict features of the associated colors from the ratings taking into consideration the differences in the odor types. Methods We assessed 13 types of odors and their associated colors in participants with a Japanese cultural backgro

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Carmona-Escutia, Rosa Pilar, Edith Ponce-Alquicira, María Dolores García-Parra, Socorro Josefina Villanueva-Rodríguez, and Héctor B. Escalona-Buendía. "Changes in the Sensory Odor Profile during Chorizo Maturation and Their Relationship with Volatile Compound Patterns by Partial Least Square Regression (PLS)." Foods 12, no. 5 (2023): 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12050932.

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Odor is one of the most important attributes to determine the overall acceptance of a product. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the changes in the odor profile and the volatile compounds during thirty-three days of ripening to obtain the pattern of volatile compounds necessary to integrate the odor profile of chorizo (fermented sausage), using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The chili and pork meat odors were predominant during the first five days, vinegar and fermented odors at days twelve and nineteen days, and finally a rancid odor predominated at the end. Only the vinegar, rancid,

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Öberg, Christina, Maria Larsson, and Lars Bäckman. "Differential sex effects in olfactory functioning: The role of verbal processing." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 8, no. 5 (2002): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617702801424.

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AbstractWe investigated sex difference across a number of olfactory tasks. Thirty-six men and 35 women ranging in age from 19 to 36 years were assessed in 6 different tasks: absolute sensitivity for n-butanol, intensity discrimination, quality discrimination, episodic recognition memory for familiar and unfamiliar odors, and odor identification. No sex differences were observed in the tasks tapping primarily sensory acuity (i.e., odor sensitivity, intensity discrimination, and quality discrimination) or in episodic memory for unfamiliar odors. By contrast, women outperformed men in the tasks i

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Zakrzewska, Marta, Marco Tullio Liuzza, and Jonas K. Olofsson. "Body odor disgust sensitivity (BODS) is related to extreme odor valence perception." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0284397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284397.

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Odors are important disease cues, and disgust sensitivity to body odors reflects individual differences in disease avoidance. The body odor disgust sensitivity (BODS) scale provides a rapid and valid assessment of individual differences. Nevertheless, little is known about how individual differences in BODS might correlate with overall odor perception or how it is related to other differences in emotional reactivity (e.g., affect intensity). We investigated how BODS relates to perceptual ratings of pleasant and unpleasant odors. We aggregated data from 4 experiments (total N = 190) that were c

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Wiesenthal, K. E., G. Amah, T. Lam, and I. H. Suffet. "The effect of applying a pipe-joint lubricant to connect ductile iron pipe on off-flavors in drinking water distribution systems." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 9 (2004): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0579.

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This study was used to help define the contribution to taste and odor problems caused by the application of a pipe-joint lubricant to connect ductile iron pipe in drinking water distribution systems. Tyton Joint Lubricant (TJL) was studied. The lubricant produced odors that are continually oxidized by chlorine or oxygen. The mechanism of oxidative rancidity, one of the major causes of food spoilage is the apparent mechanism of oxidation. The odors produced by the lubricant were characterized by a Flavor Profile Analysis (FPA) panel as well as GC/MS and Sensory GC analysis. The most common odor

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10

Sun, Xiaotian, Shuaikang Mao, Danyang Guo, and JianKun Han. "Study on the Olfactory Landscape of the Shichahai Area in Beijing." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 39, no. 1 (2024): 288–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/39/20240423.

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Odor, as a type of non-visual perception, has received relatively little attention. However, with the exacerbation of urbanization and environmental pollution, people have become more concerned about the odors in urban air. This study aims to explore the relationship between odors and cities, and to demonstrate how odors and locations are linked through design. We hope to contribute positively to urban development by visualizing odors in a form of olfactory landscape, focusing on the Shichahai area in Beijing. Odor-related data were collected through olfactory walks, and then visualized throug

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Cammaerts, Marie-Claire, and Roger Cammaerts. "Ants’ Capability of Adding and Subtracting Odors." International Journal of Biology 12, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v12n1p1.

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Summing and discriminating odors may be useful for animals in their daily life. The workers of the ant Myrmica sabuleti rely essentially on odors for navigating and have a rather poor visual perception. It was previously shown that they can add and subtract visual elements when the result of the operation has been concretely presented to them, i.e. they thus respond to an image which corresponds the best to that they have memorized. Here we examined if these ants can sum two odors and &lsquo;subtract&rsquo; (discriminate) an odor from a mixture of two ones. They added two distinct odor

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Du, Hongxia, Zihan Wang, Yongjun Sun, and Kinjal J. Shah. "An Overview of the Progress made in Research on Odor Removal in Water Treatment Plants." Water 16, no. 2 (2024): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16020280.

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Odor is one of the most intuitive indicators for assessing drinking water quality in waterworks. Removing odors is of great importance to improve the quality of tap water, ensure people’s health, and address public perception. The effective identification of odors in drinking water and the exploration of the source of the odor are the prerequisites for eliminating odors. Therefore, this article first discusses the sources and types of odors that are typical in current drinking water, focuses on reviewing the research progress of odor removal technologies in water treatment plants, including ad

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Stevens, Charles F. "A statistical property of fly odor responses is conserved across odors." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 24 (2016): 6737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606339113.

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I have reanalyzed the data presented by Hallem and Carlson [Hallem EA, Carlson JR (2006) Cell 125(1):143–160] and shown that the combinatorial odor code supplied by the fruit fly antenna is a very simple one in which nearly all odors produce, statistically, the same neuronal response; i.e., the probability distribution of sensory neuron firing rates across the population of odorant sensory neurons is an exponential for nearly all odors and odor mixtures, with the mean rate dependent on the odor concentration. Between odors, then, the response differs according to which sensory neurons are firi

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Inoue, Tsuyoshi, Masayoshi Murakami, Satoshi Watanabe, Yasuko Inokuma, and Yutaka Kirino. "In Vitro Odor-Aversion Conditioning in a Terrestrial Mollusk." Journal of Neurophysiology 95, no. 6 (2006): 3898–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00853.2005.

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We developed an in vitro odor-aversion conditioning system in the terrestrial mollusk, Limax, and found a behavioral correlate of network oscillation in the olfactory CNS. We first examined the odor-induced behavior of Limax, after odor-aversion conditioning in vivo. Shortening of mantle muscles was specifically observed in response to aversively conditioned odors. We previously identified that parietal nerves, which project to the mantle muscle in Limax, regulate shortening of the mantle muscle. We therefore isolated whole brains containing noses (sensory organs) and parietal nerves (motor ou

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Tromelin, Anne, Florian Koensgen, Karine Audouze, Elisabeth Guichard, and Thierry Thomas-Danguin. "Exploring the Characteristics of an Aroma-Blending Mixture by Investigating the Network of Shared Odors and the Molecular Features of Their Related Odorants." Molecules 25, no. 13 (2020): 3032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25133032.

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The perception of aroma mixtures is based on interactions beginning at the peripheral olfactory system, but the process remains poorly understood. The perception of a mixture of ethyl isobutyrate (Et-iB, strawberry-like odor) and ethyl maltol (Et-M, caramel-like odor) was investigated previously in both human and animal studies. In those studies, the binary mixture of Et-iB and Et-M was found to be configurally processed. In humans, the mixture was judged as more typical of a pineapple odor, similar to allyl hexanoate (Al-H, pineapple-like odor), than the odors of the individual components. To

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Bhalla, Mukul, Kim M. Marcus, and John M. Cornwell. "ODOR Recognition and Identification: Effect of Labels over Time." Psychological Reports 86, no. 2 (2000): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.2.565.

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The effect of labels on recognition and identification of odors over time was assessed. 30 men and 30 women were presented 20 odors; half of the participants were also told a name for the odor as a label. Five min. and 60 min. later, all participants were given 20 odors (10 from the original set, 10 new) and asked whether each odor was new or old (odor recognition). The group given labels was also asked to recall the label provided (odor identification). Analysis indicated a significant effect of time on recognition. Significantly more odors were recognized at 5 min. than 60 min. The effect of

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Patel, Muktiben M., Nigam D. Patel, Angela Rekhi, and Alan R. Hirsch. "163 Treatment of Odor-Induced Anxiogenesis With Odor-Induced Anxiolysis." CNS Spectrums 23, no. 1 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852918000548.

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AbstractStudy ObjectiveTo understand the effects of odor on anxiety.IntroductionReduction of odor-induced anxiety through a presentation of an odor has not heretofore been described.MethodCase report: A 69-year-old right-handed male with a five year history of generalized anxiety disorder, presented with a one and a half month history of hypersensitivity to odors of multiple synthetic chemicals manifest by the perception that these odors were more intense and unpleasant inducing nausea, abdominal cramping, coughing, a need to “get away from the smell”, and panic with intense anxiety. These sym

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Cho, Hyeon-Jun, and Su-Chul Yoon. "Occurrence of Designated Odor Substances in Wastewater Treatment Plant and Industrial Estate." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 46, no. 3 (2024): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2024.46.3.73.

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Objectives : Odor emissions pose a challenge due to the diversity of odor-producing substances, their various sources, and the complex interactions between different compounds. Moreover, people's perception of odor intensity can vary based on their living environment and psychological state, making it difficult to effectively manage and develop mitigation measures for odors, in contrast to other air pollutants. To address this issue, this study focuses on two prominent sources of residential odors, namely wastewater treatment plant and industrial estate.Methods : Through on-site data collectio

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Feng, Guo, and Jiawei Lei. "The Effect of Odor Valence on Facial Attractiveness Judgment: A Preliminary Experiment." Brain Sciences 12, no. 5 (2022): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050665.

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The role of social odors on human social interactions, including face evaluation, has been widely indicated. However, for nonsocial odors, there has not been a consistent conclusion. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the effect of suprathreshold nonsocial odors on facial attractiveness judgment when the visual input is ambiguous. We designed a 3 (odor valence: neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant) × 7 (continuous levels of morphed fuzziness of attractiveness: 37.5% to 62.5%) within-subject experiment. A total of 30 participants (18 females) completed the whole experiment simultaneously for th

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Xu, Lu, Wenze Li, Venkatakaushik Voleti, Dong-Jing Zou, Elizabeth M. C. Hillman, and Stuart Firestein. "Widespread receptor-driven modulation in peripheral olfactory coding." Science 368, no. 6487 (2020): eaaz5390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz5390.

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Olfactory responses to single odors have been well characterized but in reality we are continually presented with complex mixtures of odors. We performed high-throughput analysis of single-cell responses to odor blends using Swept Confocally Aligned Planar Excitation (SCAPE) microscopy of intact mouse olfactory epithelium, imaging ~10,000 olfactory sensory neurons in parallel. In large numbers of responding cells, mixtures of odors did not elicit a simple sum of the responses to individual components of the blend. Instead, many neurons exhibited either antagonism or enhancement of their respon

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Syrjänen, Elmeri, Håkan Fischer, Marco Tullio Liuzza, Torun Lindholm, and Jonas K. Olofsson. "A Review of the Effects of Valenced Odors on Face Perception and Evaluation." i-Perception 12, no. 2 (2021): 204166952110095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20416695211009552.

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How do valenced odors affect the perception and evaluation of facial expressions? We reviewed 25 studies published from 1989 to 2020 on cross-modal behavioral effects of odors on the perception of faces. The results indicate that odors may influence facial evaluations and classifications in several ways. Faces are rated as more arousing during simultaneous odor exposure, and the rated valence of faces is affected in the direction of the odor valence. For facial classification tasks, in general, valenced odors, whether pleasant or unpleasant, decrease facial emotion classification speed. The ev

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Janni, Kevin. "Reflections on Odor Management for Animal Feeding Operations." Atmosphere 11, no. 5 (2020): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11050453.

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Most animal feeding operation owners recognize that they need to manage odors from their operations as part of their social relationship with their neighbors and local community. That was not always the case. Odors, whether pleasant or unpleasant, can evoke strong emotions and physiological responses. Odors from animal feeding operations are normally considered unpleasant and offensive if strong smelling and smelled often or for long periods of time. Animal feeding operation owners need to be aware of their odor emissions and the impacts the odors have on their neighbors and community. Good ne

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Knaapila, Antti, Auri Raittola, Mari Sandell, and Baoru Yang. "Self-Ratings of Olfactory Performance and Odor Annoyance Are Associated With the Affective Impact of Odor, but Not With Smell Test Results." Perception 46, no. 3-4 (2016): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006616672222.

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Our aim was to explore factors potentially associated with subjective (self-rated) and objective (measured using the Sniffin’ Sticks Extended test) olfactory performance in the general population without olfactory disorders. We studied associations between olfactory performance and how important odors were in determining liking for new places, things, and people (measured using the Affective Impact of Odor scale) and the average annoyance caused by odors in 117 adults (83 women, 34 men; age 18–69 years, mean age 32 years). In a subset of 44 participants, we also studied associations between ol

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Ovaska, K. "Recognition of conspecific odors by the western red-backed salamander, Plethodon vehiculum." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 6 (1988): 1293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-189.

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Lungless salamanders of the family Plethodontidae possess an elaborate system of glands that potentially can be used in chemical communication. I used an olfactometer to examine the behavior of adult male and female western red-backed salamanders, Plethodon vehiculum, towards airborne odors of conspecific individuals. In two-choice tests, P. vehiculum of both sexes chose the side with no odor over that with the odor of a male; however, they entered the sides at random when presented with no salamander odor on one side and the odor of a nonreproductive female on the other. Therefore, P. vehicul

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Omatu, Sigeru, Hideo Araki, Toru Fujinaka, et al. "Mixed Odor Classification for QCM Sensor Data by Neural Network." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 1, no. 2 (2013): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij2012124348.

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Compared with metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors, quarts crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors are sensitive for odors. Using an array of QCM sensors, we measure mixed odors and classify them into an original odor class beforemixing based on neural networks. For simplicity we consider the case that two kinds of odor are mixed since more than two becomes too complex to analyze the classification results. We have used eight sensors and four kinds of odor are used as the original odors. The neural network used here is a conventional layered neural network. The classification is acceptable althoug

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Tizard, Ian, and Loren Skow. "The olfactory system: the remote-sensing arm of the immune system." Animal Health Research Reviews 22, no. 1 (2021): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252320000262.

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AbstractOdors may be pleasant or unpleasant and in practice, pleasant odors are attractive while unpleasant odors are repellent. However, an odor that is noxious to one species may be attractive to another. Plants, predators, and pathogens may enhance their transmission by manipulating these signals. This may be especially significant when odors attract arthropod disease vectors. Odor detection may also be important in small prey species for evasion of macropredators such as large carnivores. Conversely, pleasant odors may identify family members, parents, or sexual partners. They may also gen

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Dal Bò, Elisa, Claudio Gentili, Andrea Spoto, et al. "The social odor scale: Development and initial validation of a new scale for the assessment of social odor awareness." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0260587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260587.

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The degree of attention individuals pay to olfactory cues (called odor awareness) influences the role of odors in everyday life. Particularly, odors produced by the human body (i.e., social odors) are able to carry a wide variety of information and to elicit a broad spectrum of emotional reactions, making them essential in interpersonal relationships. Hence, despite the assessment of awareness toward social odors is crucial, a proper tool is still lacking. Here, we designed and initially validated the Social Odor Scale (SOS), a 12-item scale designed to measure the individual differences in aw

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Bruchet, A., E. Costentin, M. F. Legrand, and J. Mallevialle. "Influence of the Chlorination of Natural Nitrogenous Organic Compounds on Tastes and Odors in Finished Drinking Waters." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 2 (1992): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0068.

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The objective of the study was to determine the influence of chlorination by-products of naturally occuring nitrogenous organic compounds on tastes and odors in drinking waters. Amino acids, peptides and amino sugars have been chlorinated under various chlorine/nitrogen ratios. Six natural amino acids were shown to induce tastes and odors at concentrations in the range 10-20 µg/l after chlorination. A multicomponent mixture containing 2.5 µg/l each of these 6 amino acids consistently induced detectable odors after a contact time with chlorine of 2 hours. Investigation of the by-products indica

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Larsson, Maria, Christina Öberg-Blåvarg, and Fredrik U. Jönsson. "Bad Odors Stick Better Than Good Ones." Experimental Psychology 56, no. 6 (2009): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.56.6.375.

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The influences of perceived odor qualities on the retention of olfactory information across the adult lifespan were examined. Young (19–36 years), young-old (60–74 years), and old (75–91 years) adults (n = 202) rated a set of unfamiliar odors across a series of perceptual dimensions (i.e., pleasantness, intensity, and irritability) at encoding. The overall results indicated that memory for unpleasant olfactory information was better than that for pleasant odors across the lifespan. Also, participants showed better retention for odors perceived with high intensity and irritability than for odor

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Brandstaetter, Andreas Simon, and Christoph Johannes Kleineidam. "Distributed representation of social odors indicates parallel processing in the antennal lobe of ants." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 5 (2011): 2437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01106.2010.

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In colonies of eusocial Hymenoptera cooperation is organized through social odors, and particularly ants rely on a sophisticated odor communication system. Neuronal information about odors is represented in spatial activity patterns in the primary olfactory neuropile of the insect brain, the antennal lobe (AL), which is analog to the vertebrate olfactory bulb. The olfactory system is characterized by neuroanatomical compartmentalization, yet the functional significance of this organization is unclear. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we investigated the neuronal representation of multicompone

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Luisier, Anne-Claude, Genevieve Petitpierre, Annick Clerc Bérod, David Garcia-Burgos, and Moustafa Bensafi. "Effects of familiarization on odor hedonic responses and food choices in children with autism spectrum disorders." Autism 23, no. 6 (2018): 1460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318815252.

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This study assessed whether olfactory familiarization can render food odors more pleasant, and consequently food more attractive, to children with autism spectrum disorder. Participants were first presented with a series of food odors (session 1). Then, they were familiarized on four occasions (time window: 5 weeks) with one of the two most neutral odors (the other neutral odor was used as control) (session 2). In session 3, participants smelled the entire series of odors again. Both verbal and facial responses were compared from session 1 to session 3. After session 3, the children were prese

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Hasegawa, Toshio, Hiroaki Izumi та Hideo Yamada. "Structural Factors in the Odor of α-Santalol Derivatives". Natural Product Communications 8, № 7 (2013): 1934578X1300800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1300800705.

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α-Santalol is a sesquiterpene that is a major constituent of sandalwood (Santalum album L.), and is responsible for its distinctive woody odor. We replaced the polycyclic moiety and hydroxyl group of α-santalol with other moieties, and we compared the odors of the E/Z-isomers and their saturated analogues. Our previous study of the structure-odor relationships of α-santalols bearing hydroxyl, formyl, formyloxy, and acetoxy functional groups showed there was a similarity in odor between the Z-isomer and its saturated analogue. We synthesized α-santalols with a benzyl group in place of the hydro

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Degel, Joachim, and Egon Peter Köster. "Implicit Memory for Odors: A Possible Method for Observation." Perceptual and Motor Skills 86, no. 3 (1998): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.86.3.943.

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In an experiment 143 subjects were instructed to assign odors to contexts which were displayed in a slide session. The slides depicted contexts from three areas of everyday life which party contained visual cues related to a presented odor. After rating the fit of each odor to a context, the subjects rated the odors for pleasantness. Analysis showed a strong influence of the visual cue on the rating of fit for the contexts containing an odor-related visual element. In contexts without a visual cue, rating of fit showed an influence of implicitly learned memories of odor. The rating was not aff

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Choi, Sung-Deuk. "Occurrence of Odor and Suggestions for a Comprehensive Management System in Ulsan, South Korea." Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology 25, no. 1 (2022): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.1.43.

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In Ulsan, large-scale industrial facilities emit large amounts of various odors and hazardous air pollutants. This study investigated the current status of odor problems in Ulsan and suggested a comprehensive management system. Owing to the geographical conditions, weather conditions, major industrial complexes, and management of emission facilities, complaints about odor occur mainly in summer. The city authority responds to odor problems by preparing comprehensive measures to prevent odors and introducing unmanned sampling devices, real-time monitors, and a mobile monitoring system. Major od

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Kikuta, Shu, Bing Han, and Tatsuya Yamasoba. "Heterogeneous Damage to the Olfactory Epithelium in Patients with Post-Viral Olfactory Dysfunction." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 15 (2023): 5007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12155007.

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Objectives: Post-viral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) is a neurogenic disorder caused by a common cold virus. Based on the homology of deduced amino acid sequences, olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in both mice and humans express either class I or class II odorant receptor genes encoding class I and class II OSNs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether OSN damage in PVOD occurs uniformly in both neuron types. Materials and methods: The characteristics of PVOD patients were compared with those of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) or post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction (PTOD)

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Gabassi, Pier Giorgio, and Lucia Zanuttini. "Self-Monitoring and Identification of Olfactory Dimensions." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 3 (1992): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.3.787.

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The basic categories of odors are not agreed on. Many classifications of odors have been proposed, but none has met widespread acceptance. The variability among qualitative judgments of odors which makes it difficult to construct reliable classifications may depend on cultural or personal idiosyncrasies. To check personality factors in odor evaluation, we asked 40 subjects, who had previously completed a personality questionnaire, to make qualitative judgments about 10 odors on 10 semantic differential scales. From comparison of two different self-monitoring groups, on the semantic differentia

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Dal Bò, Elisa, Claudio Gentili, and Cinzia Cecchetto. "Human Chemosignals and Brain Activity: A Preliminary Meta-analysis of the Processing of Human Body Odors." Chemical Senses 45, no. 9 (2020): 855–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa067.

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Abstract Across phyla, chemosignals are a widely used form of social communication and increasing evidence suggests that chemosensory communication is present also in humans. Chemosignals can transfer, via body odors, socially relevant information, such as specific information about identity or emotional states. However, findings on neural correlates of processing of body odors are divergent. The aims of this meta-analysis were to assess the brain areas involved in the perception of body odors (both neutral and emotional) and the specific activation patterns for the perception of neutral body

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Cain, William S., Joseph C. Stevens, Connie M. Nickou, Amy Giles, Ingrid Johnston, and Maria Rosa Garcia-Medina. "Life-Span Development of Odor Identification, Learning, and Olfactory Sensitivity." Perception 24, no. 12 (1995): 1457–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p241457.

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In the first of three studies, children (aged 8 to 14 years) were found to perform worse than young and middle-aged adults in unprompted identification of odors, with average performance much like that of elderly adults. Comparisons on other tasks, specifically odor threshold, prompted odor identification, and object naming (Boston Naming Test), across the life span (five groups) revealed that children have the same excellent olfactory sensitivity as young adults and merely lack odor-specific knowledge that accumulates slowly through life. Such knowledge apparently accumulates so slowly that a

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Meng, John Hongyu, and Hermann Riecke. "Structural spine plasticity: Learning and forgetting of odor-specific subnetworks in the olfactory bulb." PLOS Computational Biology 18, no. 10 (2022): e1010338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010338.

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Learning to discriminate between different sensory stimuli is essential for survival. In rodents, the olfactory bulb, which contributes to odor discrimination via pattern separation, exhibits extensive structural synaptic plasticity involving the formation and removal of synaptic spines, even in adult animals. The network connectivity resulting from this plasticity is still poorly understood. To gain insight into this connectivity we present here a computational model for the structural plasticity of the reciprocal synapses between the dominant population of excitatory principal neurons and in

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Adinda Rizki Virginia, Arief Sabdo Yuwono, and Chusnul Arif. "Closed-House Biofilter Design and Performance Evaluation for Mitigating Environmental Odor Disturbances." International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation 14, no. 2 (2024): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.46604/ijeti.2023.12851.

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Broiler-closed houses typically lack reduction technology, leading to environmental issues, namely odor. Processing technology can be used, namely biofilters. This study aims to design and construct a closed-house biofilter and perform a test on the biofilter to reduce odors. Odors are measured by the odor gas concentration (ammonia and hydrogen sulfide) and hedonic scale by the panel method. The biofilter consisted of an odor source (closed house), a humidifier, and a biofilter reactor. Factors that influence the size of the biofilter reactor from gas removal activities include air flow rate,

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Silva, Fábio, Nuno Gomes, Sebastian Korb, and Gün R. Semin. "Not All Emotions Are Equal: Fear Chemosignals Lower Awareness Thresholds Only for Fearful Faces." Chemical Senses 45, no. 7 (2020): 601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa047.

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Abstract Exposure to body odors (chemosignals) collected under different emotional states (i.e., emotional chemosignals) can modulate our visual system, biasing visual perception. Recent research has suggested that exposure to fear body odors, results in a generalized faster access to visual awareness of different emotional facial expressions (i.e., fear, happy, and neutral). In the present study, we aimed at replicating and extending these findings by exploring if these effects are limited to fear odor, by introducing a second negative body odor—that is, disgust. We compared the time that 3 d

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Lang YAMOAH, Damaris-Lois, Wilhemina Laryea, Fiker Fassil, and Maryam Bamshad. "Do females influence paternal responsiveness in male prairie voles Microtus ochrogaster by increasing the salience of infant odors?" Current Zoology 59, no. 3 (2013): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/59.3.317.

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Abstract Male prairie voles become more responsive to infants following cohabitation with a female. Exposure to female sensory cues prior to offspring birth may influence male paternal tendencies by modifying his response to infant odors in particular or to odors in general. To test these hypotheses, males were housed with an unfamiliar female or a same-sex sibling for 13 days then examined for their response towards either live infants or infant-like inanimate objects covered with one of three odors: water, infant, sub-adult. We recorded the number of males that retrieved and manipulated the

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Lima, A. M., G. B. Sapienza, V. O. Giraud, and Y. D. Fragoso. "Odors as triggering and worsening factors for migraine in men." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 69, no. 2b (2011): 324–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2011000300011.

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of odors in triggering or worsening migraine in men. METHOD: Ninety-eight male migraineurs from the general population were assessed individually through questionnaires. Environmental factors relating to their migraine were reported, with special focus on the role of odors. RESULTS: Odors were the second most frequent triggering factor for migraine attacks (48%), behind stressful situations (59%). Likewise, odors were the second most frequent worsening factor (73%), just behind excessive light (74%). Thirty-three individuals (33.4%) stated that odors were both tri

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MATTINGLY, AMANDA JOHANSEN, PAUL WIEGAND, and ROBERT SACKELLARES. "Considerations in managing wastewater odor at pulp and paper operations." March 2022 21, no. 3 (2022): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj21.3.167.

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Many pulp and paper mills are, at least periodically, faced with the release of odors that can migrate offsite and be considered a nuisance by nearby residents. At chemical pulp mills, perceptible odors associated with reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) are common, many of which are highly perceptible owing to their low odor thresholds. As releases of RSCs and other odorous substances from production processes are progressively controlled, the proportional contribution from wastewater treatment systems to areal odors can increase. This review paper summarizes important fundamentals of odor genera

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Kermen, Florence, Lea Darnet, Christoph Wiest, et al. "Stimulus-specific behavioral responses of zebrafish to a large range of odors exhibit individual variability." BMC Biology 18, no. 1 (2020): 66. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-020-00801-8.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Odor-driven behaviors such as feeding, mating, and predator avoidance are crucial for animal survival. The neural pathways processing these behaviors have been well characterized in a number of species, and involve the activity of diverse brain regions following stimulation of the olfactory bulb by specific odors. However, while the zebrafish olfactory circuitry is well understood, a comprehensive characterization linking odor-driven behaviors to specific odors is needed to better relate olfactory computations to animal responses.<strong>Results: </strong>Here, we

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Dietrich, A. M., R. C. Hoehn, L. C. Dufresne, L. W. Buffin, D. M. C. Rashash, and B. C. Parker. "Oxidation of odorous and nonodorous algal metabolites by permanganate, chlorine, and chlorine dioxide." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 11 (1995): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0439.

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The six algal metabolites, at concentrations of 20-225 μg/l, were oxidized with potassium permanganate, chlorine, or chlorine dioxide at doses of 0.25-3 mg/l. Flavor profile analysis (FPA) was used to determine the odors of the solutions before and after oxidation. Linoleic and palmitic acids, which are odorless compounds, were oxidized to odorous products by all three oxidants. The odor intensity of β-cyclocitral (grape, sweet tobacco) and phenethyl alcohol (rose, floral) was only slightly decreased by any of the oxidants. Oxidation by permanganate or chlorine either eliminated or greatly red

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Yin, Zhihang, Tamara Bader, Lily F. Lee, Regina McDaniels, and Irwin H. (Mel) Suffet. "Training a Regulatory Team to Use the Odor Profile Method for Evaluation of Atmospheric Malodors." Atmosphere 16, no. 4 (2025): 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16040362.

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Members of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) participated in the odor profile method (OPM) training program. The OPM is the flavor profile analysis (FPA) standard method applied to air samples. The FPA method is a widely used standard method in drinking water taste and odor evaluations. It was found that pre-screening of potential OPM trainees for anosmia cases was necessary. After odor characteristics were defined by odor references and standardized terminology, the trainees were able to accurately describe single odors. However, the trainees could not always simultaneously perceive a

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Loong, Siow Ping, Eugene Wong, Revadi Govindaraju, et al. "CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF SNIFFIN’ STICKS TEST FOR A MALAYSIAN POPULATION." Journal of Health and Translational Medicine 24, no. 2 (2021): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jummec.vol24no2.9.

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Introduction: Sniffin’ Stick test is a quantitative olfactory test first introduced in the 1990s and has since been used in several countries after cultural-based modifications. Objective: To develop a culturally adapted Sniffin’ Stick test suitable for a Malaysian population. Methods: The study was done in 3 phases. The first phase involved a questionnaire rating the familiarity of 70 odors based on a Likert scale. Sixteen items were then selected for the second phase where subjects were tested on the identification of the 16 odors. Odors recognized by less than 75% of the subjects or their d

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Schoenbaum, G., and H. Eichenbaum. "Information coding in the rodent prefrontal cortex. I. Single-neuron activity in orbitofrontal cortex compared with that in pyriform cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 2 (1995): 733–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.733.

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1. Extracellular spike activity was recorded from 1,942 single neurons in orbitofrontal cortex (OF) and 591 single neurons in pyriform cortex (PIR) over multiple sessions in rats performing an eight-odor discrimination task in which the stimulus sequence contained predictable associations between particular odor pairs. Neural firing patterns were examined in relation to task events in the current trial and variables associated with current sensory processing, events of recent past trials, and long-term associations involving the odor cues. 2. Overall, 34% of single neurons in OF and 30% of sin

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Onofrychuk, Timothy J., Aiden E. Glass, Quentin Greba, and John G. Howland. "Evidence for novelty reward cross-cueing in the odor span task in rats: implications for odor-based reward-motivated tasks." Learning & Memory 31, no. 1-2 (2024): a053871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.053871.123.

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The odor span task (OST) infers working memory capacity (WMC) by requiring rodents to discriminate between previously presented and session-novel odors to obtain a hidden food reward. Here, rats’ responses to session-novel odors and food rewards were assessed to determine whether rats use mitigating strategies in the OST. Rats accurately responded to session-novel odors but also reliably responded to the food reward alone and performed at chance when both a session-novel odor and food reward were presented in separate locations. The inclusion of unscented sand in the cups holding the food rewa

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