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Journal articles on the topic 'ODOUR PROBLEM'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Calafat, Consuelo, and Aurea Gallego-Salguero. "Livestock odour dispersion and its implications for rural tourism: case study of Valencian Community (Spain)." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 2 (2020): e0106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020182-15819.

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Aim of study: To study the relationship between the problem odours caused by livestock farms and the evolution of rural tourism.Area of study: A coastal region in Spain, the Valencian Community.Material and methods: The odour emission rates of 4,984 farms have been calculated, and the ambient odour concentration was determined to assess the odour nuisance. The odour concentration was modelled by applying the Gaussian model based on emission data and the most unfavourable meteorological conditions of the 45 climatic stations distributed throughout the analysis area. The dispersion model was imp

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Grzelka, Agnieszka, Elżbieta Romanik, and Urszula Miller. "Odour nuisance assessment of the food industry wastewater treatment plant." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000024.

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Odour nuisance generated by food industry objects is a significant problem, the result of which is often numerous complaints from local residents about the quality of air. Apart from the production process, this problem often concerns industrial wastewater treatment processes, which contribute to a large extent to the emissions of odorants from the sulphur group, including hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans. In order to estimate the odorous air quality around these types of objects, the modelling of dispersion of pollutants: odours or odorants is often used. The paper presents the results of tes

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Both, R. "Directive on odour in ambient air: an established system of odour measurement and odour regulation in Germany." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (2001): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0521.

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The legal basis for any requirement with respect to ambient air quality is the German Federal Protection Act for Ambient Air. According to §3 Federal Protection Act all odours caused by plants are defined as an annoyance. The problem is to find out whether an annoyance has to be considered as a significant disturbance. In the Directive on Odour in ambient air a complete system is designed, beginning with measurement methods and concluding with ambient air quality requirements. In the following paper the tenor of the Directive on Odour is presented, some main aspects of more than five years of

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du Toit, A. J. "Quantification of Odour Problems Associated with Liquid and Solid Feedlot and Poultry Wastes." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 1-2 (1987): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0186.

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To prove the validity of an odour complaint, a standard evaluation procedure, whereby selected odour compounds are monitored, is proposed for use by Health authorities. The technique determines the dispersion of specific compounds from a point source. Odour threshold limits, determined by specialist odour panels, are used to evaluate the seriousness of the problem. Thereafter, individual waste handling systems are isolated as possible point sources of offensive odours. If dispersion studies and high odour compound concentrations prove the validity of a complaint, individual sites are investiga

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Mužniece-Treija, Evita. "ODOUR STUDY WITH QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH METHODS IN VARIOUS DISTRICTS OF RIGA." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 15, 2017): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol1.2643.

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Different emission sources of odours become increasingly important environmental problem which may have a negative impact on human health and quality of life. Human odour perception may be subjective, however on odour perception threshold is considered to be the odorant concentration where at least half of odour assessor’s group members confirm the existence of odour, and then it is 1 OUE /m3. Nowadays more and more advanced technologies are used to measure odour concentration. Olfactometer Scentroid SM100 allows users to accurately quantify ambient odour concentration in field. Also this equi

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Hanková, M., K. Maturová, and H. Čížková. "GC-MS/O for the characterization of odours from cheese-production wastewater: A case study." Water Science and Technology 82, no. 11 (2020): 2482–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.513.

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Abstract The foul odour of cheese-production wastewater is a common problem in areas surrounding dairy wastewater treatment plants. For successful odour management, a better understanding of the key odorants and how to handle them during wastewater treatment is needed. This paper documents the results of using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with olfactometry (GC-MS/O) to analyze odours emanating from a possibly overloaded treatment plant in Czechia. Using a DB5 capillary column, 20 compounds were detected and identified, nonanal (FDgeomean 152) and octen-3-ol (FDgeomean 2048) hav

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Waldrop, Lindsay D., Laura A. Miller, and Shilpa Khatri. "A tale of two antennules: the performance of crab odour-capture organs in air and water." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 125 (2016): 20160615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0615.

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Odour capture is an important part of olfaction, where dissolved chemical cues (odours) are brought into contact with chemosensory structures. Antennule flicking by marine crabs is an example of discrete odour capture (sniffing) where an array of chemosensory hairs is waved through the water to create a flow–no flow pattern based on a narrow range of speeds, diameters of and spacings between hairs. Changing the speed of movement and spacing of hairs at this scale to manipulate flow represents a complicated fluid dynamics problem. In this study, we use numerical simulation of the advection and

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Vasarevičius, Saulius, and Tadas Batavičius. "Experimental Tests on the Influence of Waste Covering Layer on Odour Reduction." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 20, no. 3 (2013): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2013-0032.

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Abstract Waste management is one of the most relevant problems of environmental protection. Landfills constitute an unavoidable component of the waste management system. The article discusses the problem of landfill odours. Reduction of waste tipping areas and temporary waste covering are the most efficient measures for reducing odours from landfills. The article presents the results of experimental tests on the use of building debris for the reduction of odours from landfills. Tests were performed by applying dynamic olfactometry. Upon covering waste with the building debris layer of 10 cm th

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Szulczyński, Bartosz, and Jacek Gębicki. "Electronic nose – an instrument for odour nuisances monitoring." E3S Web of Conferences 100 (2019): 00079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910000079.

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An increasingly frequent problem of people living in urban agglomerations is the occurrence of odour nuisance. Although the source of these nuisances is different, their common feature is that they are a complex mixture of odour compounds with different odour thresholds. However, from a practical point of view, the most valuable would be a direct link between the odour intensity and the results of on-line analytical air monitoring. Such a possibility is created by the use of electronic noses (devices that are supposed to imitate the human sense of smell) to measure odours. The paper presents t

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Gostelow, P., S. A. Parsons, and M. Lovell. "Integrated odour modelling for sewage treatment works." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 4 (2004): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0253.

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Odours from sewage treatment works are a significant source of environmental annoyance. There is a need for tools to assess the degree of annoyance caused, and to assess strategies for mitigation of the problem. This is the role of odour modelling. Four main stages are important in the development of an odour problem. Firstly, the odorous molecules must be formed in the liquid phase. They must then transfer from the liquid to the gaseous phase. They are then transported through the atmosphere to the population surrounding the odour source, and are then perceived and assessed by that population

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Morran, J., and M. Marchesan. "Taste and odour testing: how valuable is training?" Water Science and Technology 49, no. 9 (2004): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0537.

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Correct identification of specific tastes and odours in a water supply can be a powerful tool in identifying the cause of the problem and facilitating rapid remediation. While taste and odour identification can be achieved by laboratory testing, consumer involvement is not only worthwhile as a public education exercise but can also indicate tastes and odours to which the public do not object. Interpretation of taste and odour results is a complex process. The Australian Water Quality Centre (AWQC), based in Adelaide, South Australia, has established a flavour profile panel, trained in Flavour

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Sówka, Izabela, Urszula Miller, Yaroslav Bezyk, Alicja Nych, Agnieszka Grzelka, and Łukasz Dąbrowski. "Application of field inspections and odour observation diaries in the assessment of air quality and odour in urban areas." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500086.

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The choice of an odour nuisance assessment method depends on many factors, such as: the type and quantity of objects, the diversity and type of odour sources, the location of the object, the social situation and the number of complaints about odor nuisance, the type and physico-chemical parameters of the emitted gases and the conditions of dispersion of pollutants in the air. In most cases, in order to fully assess the situation and take integrated actions to reduce odour nuisance, both an instrumental/sensory analysis and a sociological research method should be used simultaneously. Such an a

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Chivers, D. P., M. I. McCormick, E. P. Fakan, R. P. Barry, J. W. Edmiston, and M. C. O. Ferrari. "Coral degradation alters predator odour signatures and influences prey learning and survival." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1903 (2019): 20190562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.0562.

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Habitat degradation is a key factor leading to the global loss of biodiversity. This problem is particularly acute in coral reef ecosystems. We investigated whether recognition of predator odours by damselfish was influenced by coral degradation and whether these changes altered survival in the wild. We taught whitespot damselfish to recognize the odour of a predator in the presence of live/healthy coral or dead/degraded coral. Fish were tested for a response to predator odours in environments that matched their conditioning environment or in environments that were mismatched. Next, we taught

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Afful, Kobina, Sampson Oduro-Kwarteng, and Esi Awuah. "Assessing public perception of odours in a community: case of Ayigya Zongo, an urban poor community in Ghana." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 2 (2015): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2015.104.

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Malodour has been identified as a barrier to utilization of sanitation facilities. It is generally recognized that for effective odour control measures to be implemented, the problem must first be quantified. With today's increasing levels of development, odour nuisance has become a major environmental issue. Citizen complaints about and reaction to odours caused by landfills (including refuse dump sites), waste water treatment plants (most of which are non-functional), public (communal) toilets, industrial processes, and other sources have made it difficult to secure sites for such facilities

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Capelli, Laura, Rosa Arias, Jose Uribe, and Selena Sironi. "OVERVIEW OF ODOUR MEASUREMENT METHODS: THE ODOUR OBSERVATORY AS AN INFORMATIVE TOOL FOR CITIZEN SCIENCE BASED APPROACHES TO ODOUR MANAGEMENT." Detritus, no. 12 (September 7, 2020): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.14003.

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Odour pollution is a well-known problem related to a number of different industrial activities. It is also one of the main causes of citizens’ complaints to local authorities. Specific programs are needed to manage persistent odour pollution problems within communities in order to avoid possible socio-environmental conflicts. The H2020 project D-NOSES (Distributed Network for Odour Sensing, Empowerment and Sustainability) aims to help citizens co-create local solutions in collaboration with industries, regional & local authorities, and odour experts. The project will develop an innovative

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du Toit, A. J. "Practical Odour Nuisance Gauging: Two Case Studies of Objective Odour Quantification in Agriculture and Industry." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 8-9 (1989): 1077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0309.

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The quantification of odour problems associated with liquid and solid agricultural and industrial wastes has long been a controversial subject because of the generally subjective nature of the methods used in evaluating odour related complaints. To overcome this problem, a scheme was devised which included three separate quantification techniques, researched both locally and abroad. The collective scheme was introduced as the “Practical Odour Nuisance Gauging” method. This technique has been applied in a number of local odour related investigations and updated throughout so as to render it mor

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Hellstedt, Maarit. "Use of Biochar-peat Mixture to Reduce Odour from Animal Farms." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 13, no. 2 (2019): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-13-2-27-30.

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Abstract. Odour from agriculture causes local nuisance to the neighborhood. Litter and cover materials can be used in animal housing and in storage of manure to reduce the odour problem. The use of biochar as a covering for animal manures is a new innovation and enhances the possibility to minimize the emissions from animal farms. (Research purpose) To study the possibility of using a mixture of biochar and peat as a manure covering, in order to reduce the intensity of odor on livestock farms. (Materials and methods) The potential of a mixture of biochar and peat for the odour control was test

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Bucur, Elena, Valeriu Danciulescu, Gheorghita Tanase, Carol Blaziu Lehr, and Andrei Vasile. "ODOUR POLLUTION ASSESSMENT THROUGH INDIRECT METHODS BASED ON THE MONITORING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS - CASE STUDY." Romanian Journal of Ecology & Environmental Chemistry 1, no. 1 (2019): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/rjeec.2019.101.

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The odours in the ambient air, through the discomfort that they induce, represent an actual problem for the communities located nearby companies with technological processes that emit in the air different strong and unpleasant odorous substances. The standard method for odour assessment involves measuring the concentration through dynamic olfactometry according with SR EN 13725:2003, a very complex method that requires specialized working staff and expensive equipment. The paper presents an indirect method for odour assessment in the ambient air, based on monitoring the process and meteorologi

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Grudziąż-Sękowska, Justyna, and Ewa Iwanicka-Grzegorek. "Aetiology, diagnosis and management of halitosis – a narrative review." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 13, no. 1 (2022): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.13.01.035.

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Objectives The present study aimed to present an overview of the aetiology of oral malodour and the diagnostic and treatment procedures. Design A comprehensive review of scientific literature (up to December 2021) was conducted using Medline and PubMed databases and Google Scholar, including checking reference lists of journal articles by hand-searching. Results are presented descriptively for halitosis's aetiology, diagnosis and clinical management. Results The origin of the foul odour problem is mainly due to intra-oral causes, while only a proportion of cases r

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Goshin, M. E., and O. V. Budarina. "Methodology for assessment the impact of environmental odours on the population according to questionnaire surveys (literature review)." Hygiene and sanitation 101, no. 6 (2022): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2022-101-6-615-621.

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This article contains the review of methodological approaches to assessment of the perception by the population odours from industrial and other sources, and studying the relationship between the perception of odours with the both the health status and quality of resident’s life, the degree of odour annoyance, using questionnaires. The literature search was carried out using Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Global Health, RSCI databases. The long-term practice of surveys of the population living in areas, where sources of emissions of odourous substances are located, has shown annoyanc

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Childs, P. S., and A. J. Dunn. "Modelling to solve odour problems." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 2-3 (2001): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0774.

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The use of dispersion modelling is a powerful tool to establish levels of treatment required to remove odour complaints. Odour is an extremely sensitive issue and is key to the public perception of wastewater environmental protection. This paper describes a case study of the successful resolution of long-standing odour problems at the East Worthing Wastewater Treatment Works (WTW), on the South Coast of England, utilising modelling and appropriate treatment technologies. A number of odour surveys have been conducted on the site to identify the major sources on the works, which were found to be

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Pan, Gang, Bao Wang, Shuai Guo, Wenming Zhang, and Stephen Edwini-Bonsu. "Statistical analysis of sewer odour based on 10-year complaint data." Water Science and Technology 81, no. 6 (2020): 1221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.217.

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Abstract The City of Edmonton has been suffering from sewer odour problem for many years. Ten years of odour complaints data from 2008 to 2017 were statistically analyzed to identify major factors that relate to the odour problem. Spatial and temporal distributions of odour complaints in the city were first presented. Then relationships between the complaints and physical attributes of the sewer systems were analyzed by introducing a parameter of risk index. It was found that the snowmelt and storm events could possibly reduce odour complaints. Old sewer pipes and large drop structures are sta

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Yagi, Masakazu. "Musty Odour Problems in Lake Biwa 1982-1987." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 8-9 (1988): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0234.

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This paper discusses the results obtained by two research groups investigating the musty odour problem in Lake Biwa during the years 1967 to 1987. The study has shown that the problem is caused by the growth of three species of planktonic blue-green algae in the southern lake. These algae produce as metabolites either 2-methyl-isoborneol (MIB) or geosmin and it is these compounds which give rise to the musty odour. Recently the musty odour problem has expanded from western to eastern part in the southern lake. The occurrence of the problem has also changed from spring to early summer and more

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Webb, Rachel. "Sniffing out the problem: is odour the answer?" Journal of Wound Care 26, no. 10 (2017): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2017.26.10.575.

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Archer, H. E., and D. D. Mara. "Waste stabilisation pond developments in New Zealand." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 2 (2003): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0076.

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Waste stabilisation ponds have been a popular form of wastewater treatment in New Zealand both for large cities and small communities. Over 100 systems have been constructed ranging in size from over 500 ha to less than 0.1 ha. The largest pond system in New Zealand was at Manukau, Auckland and consisted of four ponds with a total of 530 ha. However, ongoing odour and midge releases and an algae parasite problem plus a requirement to reduce ammonia and total nitrogen in summer, led to the decision to decommission the ponds and allow the area to revert to tidal mudflats. The second largest pond

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Simms, K. L., S. Wilkinson, and S. Bethan. "Odour nuisance and dispersion modelling: an objective approach to a very subjective problem." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 6 (2000): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0097.

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The three main components of a study into the behaviour of material emitted into the atmosphere, i.e. emissions, dispersion and impacts, are discussed in the context of predicting odour nuisance. In particular, the importance of the effects of buildings on dispersion, and the significance of short averaging times are considered. Finally, an approach is suggested for modelling odour nuisance that takes account of the current understanding of atmospheric processes.

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Sówka, Izabela. "Air quality and odour evaluation on terrains characterized by a complicated odour emission profiles." SHS Web of Conferences 57 (2018): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185702012.

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The complexity of describing the very phenomenon of odour nuisance is probably the cause of lack of regulations concerning this topic in the Polish law system as well as standardized odour law in EU. However, in European countries there are solutions regarding this matter. Moreover, methods enabling the evaluation of odour air quality are available. The problem of an authoritative assessment of odour nuisance appears especially when few emission sources characterized by changing conditions and emission profiles and, very often, a complex spatial/topographical structures, also showing locally v

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Sang Xian, Leonard Leong, Vasu Nallaluthan, Yong De Jun, et al. "Examination Techniques of the First Cranial Nerve: What Neurosurgical Residents Should Know." Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 27, no. 5 (2020): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/mjms2020.27.5.12.

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Olfactory or smell dysfunction is often overlooked by clinicians despite being prevalent in the population. To date in Malaysia, there is no standard and reliable test to examine the function of olfaction. Tests used at developed countries such as the Sniffin’ Sticks Test (SST), the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) are not readily available in this region and may be costly to procure. The first cranial nerve can be tested using commonly available mater

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Yaacof, Nurashikin, Nastaien Qamaruz Zaman, and Yusri Yusop. "Odour Intensity Assessment at Different Area of a Palm Oil Mill Using Olfactometry Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.472.

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Malaysia is one of the world’s largest palm oil exporters, amounting to 39 % of world palm oil production and 44 % of world exports [1]. Palm oil mill usually engaged with odour problem that came from the wastewater treatment pond that released odourous compounds such as ammonia, volatile organic acids, and sulfides. This study was done to investigate odour nuisance from palm oil mill operations and odour emission rate at United Oil Palm (UOP) Mill, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia. Odour assessment was done on-site at four points and odour sample was taken from four anaerobic treatment ponds. F

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Frechen, Franz-Bernd. "ODOUR EMISSIONS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS – RECENT GERMAN EXPERIENCES." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 4 (1994): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0152.

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Odorous emissions from wastewater treatment plants can cause serious annoyance in the vicinity. According to recently issued federal regulations. when designing new WWTPs or expanding existing ones, expert opinion has to be taken into account. Also problems arise with existing plants that have to be solved. It is necessary to understand the basics of odour and odour-related annoyance as well as the use of appropriate measurement technique in order to describe the problem correctly. Then problems can be detected and solved properly by using appropriate measures. There are many measures to be ta

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Dijkstra, F., M. Plum, and A. Geerdes. "An Unexpected Odour Problem in the Biological Treatment of Chemical Wastewater." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 10 (1988): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0127.

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DSM, a large chemical company in the Netherlands, operates a plant for the biological treatment of the wastewater of about 35 production plants (organic and inorganic chemicals). A special feature of this biotreatment plant is complete nitrification of Kjeldahl-nitrogen, in combination with denitrification. Experiences with this installation are reported. A serious odour problem has arisen due to the presence of traces of a tellurium-containing catalyst from one of the plants. An organic tellurium compound with a very low odour threshold is produced in the wastewater treatment plant, mainly un

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MCCOY, STEPHEN A., TREVOR P. MARTIN, and JAMES F. BALDWIN. "LEARNING RULES FOR ODOUR RECOGNITION IN AN ELECTRONIC NOSE." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 11, no. 05 (2003): 517–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488503002314.

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The problem of automating the sensing and classification of odours is one which promises a wide range of industrial applications. During the INTESA project, a prototype electronic nose was developed, using sensors based on novel conducting polymer materials and also more traditional MOS materials. The software component of the prototype processes the transient resistance change signals recorded by the hardware, and classifies the odour sample into one of a number of "odour classes". This paper describes two of the soft computing methods investigated for learning classification rules in this do

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Parsons, S. A., N. Smith, P. Gostelow, and J. Wishart. "Hydrogen sulphide dispersion modelling - urban and rural case studies." Water Science and Technology 41, no. 6 (2000): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0100.

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Sewage treatment works are subject to a range of parameters governing the quality of effluent and sludge produced. An additional product from treatment plants is odorous air. The causes, source, formation and measurement of odour are widely reported and reasonably understood. An important factor in the design and management of works is the prediction of such odours. The importance of this work is explained by the possibility of future legislation controlling odour at wastewater plants. Odour dispersion modelling involves the on-site measurement or prediction of the emission rate of an odorous

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Konkol, Izabela, Robert Tylingo, Szymon Mania, and Adam Cenian. "Odour Perception Using a Sniffing Team at a Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Plant: A Case Study." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (2023): 12203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612203.

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The monitoring of odour intensity, generated by a landfill area, is a difficult activity since it is a multi-source problem with discontinuous odour emissions. A modified sniffing team method is described here and applied to determine the main odour sources in a landfill located in Pomerania, Poland. Four consecutive test sessions were performed during the following months: August, December, April, and June. It was found that the main odour sources are as follows: a closed-chamber composting facility for leach storage; the site wherein technological operations associated with compost turn-over

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Ogink, N. W. M., and P. W. G. Groot Koerkamp. "Comparison of odour emissions from animal housing systems with low ammonia emission." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 9 (2001): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0551.

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Nuisance from livestock facilities is an increasing problem in densely populated areas like The Netherlands. It is in the interest of both farmers and society that housing systems and management methods are developed to minimise the emission of odour. An odour research programme has been completed in The Netherlands to investigate odour emission from both conventional housing systems and systems designed for low ammonia emission. The aim of this paper is to compare within each animal category the odour emission of a number of swine housing systems and poultry housing systems. Emission measurem

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Pochwat, Kida, Ziembowicz, and Koszelnik. "Odours in Sewerage—A Description of Emissions and of Technical Abatement Measures." Environments 6, no. 8 (2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6080089.

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Malodorous compounds arise at practically every stage of wastewater management, starting from the sewer network, via the technological sewage-treatment system, through to the sludge-management stage. The formation of hydrogen sulphide is a significant problem even while sewage remains in sewers, as anaerobic conditions prevalent in the network are conducive to wastewater putrefaction, and therefore contribute to increased malodorous emissions. The development of such anaerobic conditions is favoured by the oversizing of conduits or designs that feature inadequate gradients, causing wastewater

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Lytridis, C., E. E. Kadar, and G. S. Virk. "A systematic approach to the problem of odour source localisation." Autonomous Robots 20, no. 3 (2006): 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10514-006-7414-3.

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Jalil, Abdul Rahim, Muhammad Sharfi Najib, Suhaimi Mohd Daud, and Mujahid Mohamad. "Intelligent Classification of Palm Oil Tree Pollination Using E-Nose." MEKATRONIKA 2, no. 1 (2020): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/mekatronika.v2i1.6722.

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The pollination period is one of the crucial steps needed to ensure crop yield increases, especially in palm oil palm plantations. Most of the research has difficulty determining the pollination period of palm oil. Many problems contribute to this problem, such as difficut to reach and depedency of the polination insect as the insect activity is influenced by the surrounding enviroment.E-Nose can help determine the period by classifiy odour pattern of the male and female palm oil flower. The pattern of each of the flowers were classified using cased – based reasoning artificial intelligent tec

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Schlegelmilch, M., K. Kleeberg, J. Streese Kleeberg, and R. Stegmann. "Application of a New Odour Control Strategy to the Odour Emission Problem of an Oil and Fat Refinery." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2008, no. 4 (2008): 869–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864708788807916.

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Wiśniewska, Marta, and Mirosław Szyłak-Szydłowski. "The Air and Sewage Pollutants from Biological Waste Treatment." Processes 9, no. 2 (2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9020250.

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The mechanical-biological waste treatment plants (MBTP), which include the municipal waste biogas plants, have an important role in sustainable urban development. Some plants are equipped with a sewage pre-treatment plant, which is then directed to the sewerage system and the treatment plant. Others, on the other hand, have only a non-drainage tank. The parameters of technological sewage (TS) or processing technology could reduce sewage contamination rates. In addition to the quality of sewage from waste treatment plants, the emission of odours is also an important problem, as evidenced by the

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Nurmaini, Siti, Bambang Tutuko, and T. Aulia Rahman. "A New Navigation of Behavior-Based Olfactory Mobile Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 446-447 (November 2013): 1255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.1255.

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In this paper a new olfactory mobile robot application is proposed where dynamic olfaction system is used on a mobile robot in order to acquire the gas/odour property of objects. Olfaction system with two dynamic gas/odour sensors can be moved in 14180o' type="#_x0000_t75"> in order to be able to detect source in many directions. We examine the problem of deciding when, how and where the gas/odour sensor should be activated by planning for active perception use behavior-based architecture. Simple form of cooperation between Fuzzy Logic control and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is implem

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Van Langenhove, H., A. Lootens, and N. Schamp. "Objective evaluation of an odour nuisance problem based on inquiry results." Atmospheric Environment (1967) 22, no. 11 (1988): 2509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(88)90482-9.

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Jobbágy, A., I. Szántó, Gy I. Varga, and J. Simon. "SEWER SYSTEM ODOUR CONTROL IN THE LAKE BALATON AREA." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (1994): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0021.

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In order to stop eutrophication and protect the water quality of Lake Balaton, the canalization and wastewater treatment system was redesigned in the late 70 s. Hence, regional sewer systems leading to sub-central treatment plants were established. Long retention times and long pressure sewer section, however, combined with the high sewage temperatures created a new environmental problem: the production of odorous and corrosive compounds such as hydrogen sulphide. In the present study, a preventive procedure to control anaerobic biodegradation processes in the sewage has been developed. It is

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Capodaglio, A. G., F. Conti, L. Fortina, G. Pelosi, and G. Urbini. "Assessing the environmental impact of WWTP expansion: odour nuisance and its minimization." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 4-5 (2002): 339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0620.

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As part of the effort to provide proper wastewater disposal for the City of Milan, the expansion of the WWTP located in Peschiera Borromeo has been planned and is currently under completion. The plant, sized for a population of less than 300,000, will soon treat the wastes from the south-east areas of Milan for a total capacity of over 500,000 p.e. The paper describes the approach to find a satisfactory solution of an alleged odour problem that is slowing down the completion of the plant restructuring. This included a survey of the existing plant and analysis of its final design, identificatio

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Orr, P., and R. Lawty. "Operating Experience with Large Random Packed Biofilm Reactors." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 1-2 (1990): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0147.

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The intermittent operation of large biofilm reactors with high influent suspended solids has sometimes resulted in the production of offensive odour. Covering the reactors and treating the off gas may solve the odour problem but excessive biomass accumulation within the media must also be avoided. Methods of biomass control at the Manukau Sewage Purification Works, Auckland, New Zealand, are discussed with particular reference to the use of high irrigation intensity and its effect on BOD removal efficiency under conditions of very high load variations.

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Zinn, Marc-Kevin, Marco Singer, and Dirk Bockmühl. "Smells Like Teen Spirit—A Model to Generate Laundry-Associated Malodour In Vitro." Microorganisms 9, no. 5 (2021): 974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050974.

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Although malodour formation on textiles and in washing machines has been reported to be a very relevant problem in domestic laundry, the processes leading to bad odours have not been studied intensively. In particular, the smell often described as “wet-and-dirty-dustcloth-like malodour” had not been reproduced previously. We developed a lab model based on a bacterial mixture of Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus hominis, and Corynebacterium jeikeium, which can produce this odour type and which might allow the detailed investigation of this problem and the development of counteractions. The mod

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Kumar, Ritesh, Rishemjit Kaur, Benjamin Auffarth, and Amol P. Bhondekar. "Understanding the Odour Spaces: A Step towards Solving Olfactory Stimulus-Percept Problem." PLOS ONE 10, no. 10 (2015): e0141263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141263.

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Hobbs, P. J., B. F. Pain, T. H. Misselbrook, R. M. Kay, and P. A. Lee. "Gaseous emissions of slurry from pigs offered low crude protein diets." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200592588.

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Increasingly emissions from livestock production has caused problems for the industry. If the problem can be reduced at source by a change of diet this could be the simplest solution, requiring the minimum of effort.Reducing nitrogen excretion by pigs offered low crude protein (CP) diets may not only reduce nitrogen polluting potential of slurry, but also change gaseous and odorous emission characteristics.Slurry was collected from beneath slatted pens at the end of the fmishing period (65 to 90 kg live weight) of groups of pigs offered either a commercially available finisher diet (F-com), sl

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Hobbs, P. J., B. F. Pain, T. H. Misselbrook, R. M. Kay, and P. A. Lee. "Gaseous emissions of slurry from pigs offered low crude protein diets." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600030294.

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Increasingly emissions from livestock production has caused problems for the industry. If the problem can be reduced at source by a change of diet this could be the simplest solution, requiring the minimum of effort.Reducing nitrogen excretion by pigs offered low crude protein (CP) diets may not only reduce nitrogen polluting potential of slurry, but also change gaseous and odorous emission characteristics.Slurry was collected from beneath slatted pens at the end of the fmishing period (65 to 90 kg live weight) of groups of pigs offered either a commercially available finisher diet (F-com), sl

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Troxler, S., D. W. Smith, and E. Knettig. "Powdered activated carbon selection for water treatment." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 5 (1989): 743–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-109.

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Increasing concern with colour, taste, and odour in municipal water supplies has led to the use of a variety of coagulants, oxidants, and adsorbents for improving water quality. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is a good adsorbent of many organic materials in water. This paper presents a protocol for evaluating various PACs, taking into account the objective of the unit process. Using a series of decision criteria, more weight can be placed on the test parameters which relate to the cause of the quality problem. An example of the procedure is demonstrated. Key words: adsorption, powdered activa

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