Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Oestrogènes – Récepteurs'
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Bourdoncle, Anne. "Caractérisation biophysique des interactions des récepteurs des oestrogènes humains." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON13522.
Full textValéra, Marie-Cécile. "Étude de l'effet des oestrogènes sur la fonction plaquettaire : rôle des récepteurs [alpha] et [béta] des oestrogènes." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30327.
Full textAlthough estrogens are recognized to favour a deleterious effect on the venous thrombosis risk and a preventive action on the development of arterial atheroma, their effect on platelet functions in vivo remains unclear. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of a chronic treatment of oestradiol (E2) on platelet functions in mouse. Platelets from E2-treated mice showed a marked decrease in their responsiveness ex-vivo compared to non-treated mice. Accordingly, E2 treatment increased tail bleeding time and elicited an impressive resistance to thromboembolism following injection of an epinephrin-collagen mix. Haematopoietic transgenic chimera mice demonstrated that E2 action on bleeding time and thromboembolism resistance was mediated by the haematopoietic ER alpha but not ER béta and that ER alpha activation function-1 was dispensable. Altogether, we demonstrate that E2 can elicit an antiaggregant action in an ER alpha-dependent, activation function-1-independent manner, opening the way for new potential strategies for antithrombotic and vasculoprotective therapies
Pillon, Arnaud. "Ligands environnementaux des récepteurs aux oestrogènes : développement d'outils de biosurveillance." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON13514.
Full textMargeat, Emmanuel. "Energétique et dynamique structurale des interactions des récepteurs des oestrogènes humains." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON13516.
Full textCalligé, Mathilde. "Mécanismes de dégradation du récepteur des oestrogènes alpha." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30087.
Full textEstradiol (E2) regulates gene transcription through of pathway events initiated by the binding of the estrogen receptor a (ERa) hormone complex to its cognate DNA target. This work shows that two estrogen antagonists, the partial antagonist the tamoxifen (OH-Tam) and the pure antagonist the ICI, exhert their antagonist activity through different pathways. The ERa complexed with OH-Tam was able to remodelate chromatin on the pS2/TFF1 promoter without transcription-induction. In contrast, ICI provoked a rapid relocation of ERa complex to an insoluble nuclear fraction where it is rapidly degraded. We demonstrated that the COP9 signalosome (CSN) is involved in the proteasome-dependant degradation of ERa complexed to E2 and to ICI. However, degradation of ERa complexed to E2 needs its nuclear export, whereas the complex ERa-ICI is degraded in the nucleus. Inhibition of the kinase activity associated with the CSN blocks ERa degradation and prevented pS2/TFF1 gene transcription by blocking ERa binding to pS2/TFF1 promoter. Our results show that CSN is involved in ligand-dependant ERa degradation by the proteasome and that the ERa degradation is not directly involved in its transcriptional activity
Antal, Maria Cristina. "Analyse du rôle des récepteurs des oestrogènes α et β chez la souris." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2007/ANTAL_Maria_Cristina_2007.pdf.
Full textBasset, Céline. "Api5, un nouveau co-facteur du récepteur aux oestrogènes ERα impliqué dans la progression tumorale des carcinomes mammaires." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2314/.
Full textNew prognostic markers and molecular targets are currently developing and represent new hopes concerning patient's management and target therapies in breast cancer. Estrogen receptor is known for a long time to be one of the major prognostic markers and is with estrogen the basic target for therapy. Co-regulators of estrogen receptor are often misexpressed. Rather than playing a causal role in the genesis of cancer they provide the potential for amplification of temporal disease progression. They are also able to counteract the biological activities of therapeutic drugs. In consequence, a greater understanding of these co-regulators master genes should prove to be beneficial to the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Moreover, these co-regulators are upstream the signaling pathway of many transcriptional factors such as ERa. Consequently, inhibition of one oncogenic co-activator could simultaneously silence a cadre of downstream genes, which, together, are responsible for the accelerated growth of the oncogenic cell and could prevent acquired therapeutic resistance. We present in this work a new co-regulator of estrogen receptor: Api5, which is known as an anti-apoptotic protein. We explored Api5 expression in breast cancer by a prospective immunohistochemical study and showed that the loss of Api5 was associated with bad prognosis factor and that it co-localized with ERa in breast carcinomas. We also showed that its presence was necessary for tumor growth. We observed that Api5 regulates ERa signaling on downstream target genes on ERE and AP1sites. We also observed that Api5 facilitates ERa recruitment onto its target promoters. Finally we demonstrated that Api5 LXXLL domain is necessary for its interaction with ERa and we showed a direct interaction between Api5 and the ERa DNA binding domain (DBD). This is the first study that describes Api5 expression by immunohistochemistry in tumors and that demonstrates the functional and physical relationship connecting Api5 to ERa suggesting Api5 as a major cofactor of ERa signalization
Poidatz, Dorothée. "Caractérisation et rôles du récepteur apparenté aux récepteurs des oestrogènes-γ (ERRγ) dans le placenta humain normal et pathologique." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015VERS037V/document.
Full textHuman placenta is a vital organ for pregnancy support and fetal development. The chorionic villi is the structural and functional unit of the placenta and is mainly constituted by trophoblastic cells. The trophoblast differentiate in villous endocrine and extra-villous invasive trophoblast. Placental development and its numerous functions require the availability of high energy. Placental energetic metabolism control is partially mediated by the regulation of mitochondrial activity.Mitochondria are key organelles of the energetic metabolism. However, mitochondria are involved in numerous other cellular functions such as apoptosis and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Moreover, recent studies suggest that mitochondria are involved in cell differentiation.Estrogen related receptor-γ (ERRγ) is a transcriptional factor implicated in the control of energetic metabolism. Preliminary studies showed that ERRγ is highly expressed in human placenta.In this work, we decided to study ERRγ implication in human placental development.In a first part, we characterized ERRγ expression in trophoblast from first and third trimester human placentas. We showed that ERRγ expression i) increased during pregnancy and ii) was higher in villous than extra-villous trophoblasts.In a second part, we showed that villous trophoblast differentiation was associated with modifications of energetic metabolism and mitochondrial content. Moreover, we clearly demonstrated that ERRγ positively controled villous differentiation by the modulation of mitochondrial functions.In a last part, we showed that ERRγ was less expressed in placentas from intra-uterine growth restriction as compared to non-pathological placentas. Moreover, this down-regulation was associated with a decrease of mitochondrial content.This work thus showed, for the first time, that ERRγ and mitochondria played a key role in placental development
Rey, Jean-Marc. "Physiopathologie moléculaire des récepteurs des oestrogènes alpha et béta dans les tissus gynécologiques." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON1T025.
Full textCypriani, Benoit. "Effet de l'oestradiol et des anti-oestrogènes sur la biosynthèse de cholestérol par des lignées de cellules tumorales : relation avec la présence de récepteurs aux oestrogènes et de sites de liaison aux anti-oestrogènes." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20198.
Full textVételé, Florence. "Récepteur beta aux oestrogènes dans le testicule humain normal et pathologique." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10024.
Full textLemieux, Christian. "Effets et mécanismes d'action d'un modulateur sélectif des récepteurs des oestrogènes sur le métabolisme des lipides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22502/22502.pdf.
Full textBarraillé, Patrice. "Contribution à l'étude de la dimérisation et d'un polymorphisme du récepteur des oestrogènes." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30169.
Full textLemoine, Sophie. "Détection du récepteur musculaire des oestrogènes : influence du sexe, de l'entraînement et de la typologie." Rennes 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN20047.
Full textEstrogens exert, in women, significant muscle effects during exercise. Their actions via specific receptors suppose the presence of estrogen receptors in skeletal muscle. The presence of estrogen receptor alpha mRNA (ERα mRNA) was investigated in human skeletal muscle by Nested Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (Nested RT-PCR). ERα mRNA was detected in male and female deltoid muscles as well as in female pectoral muscle. There is no gender difference in ERα mRNA levels in skeletal muscle. In order to observe endurance training effect on ERα expression in skeletal muscle, male and female rats were trained during 7 weeks. ERα mRNA levels were determinated by RT-PCR. These levels increased in the female trained group but not in the male trained group. This adaptation, observed on intermediate muscle, was determined in muscles with different typology. ERα mRNA levels were estimated in intermediate muscle (gastrocnemius), slow twitch muscle (soleus) and fast twitch muscle (Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL). In the control group, ERα mRNA level was significantly higher in soleus muscle compared to gastrocnemius and eXtensor digitorum longus muscles. After training, ERα mRNA level was significantly higher in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles compared to extensor digitorum longus muscle. Indeed, ERα mRNA level significantly increased in gastrocnemius muscle, significantly decreased in EDL and was not significantly modified in soleus
Thénot, Sandrine. "Mécanisme d'activation de la transcription par les récepteurs aux oestrogènes : étude du cofacteur transcriptionnel hTIF1alpha." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON1T008.
Full textLélu, Karine. "Effet protecteur des oestrogènes sur l'encéphalomyélite auto-immune expérimentale : identification des cellules cibles à l'aide de souris invalidées pour le récepteur α aux oestrogènes (REα) de manière tissu-spécifique." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30166.
Full textMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects the central nervous system. Although MS is more frequently observed in women, disease progression is slower in women as compared to men. Moreover, variations of disease activity during pregnancy have suggested that sex hormones could modulate the autoimmune response and inflammation. Based on these observations, the effect of estrogens administration has been evaluated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice, and was shown to strongly inhibit disease development. The goal of this work was to analyze the implication of endogenous and exogenous estrogen in EAE susceptibility in females C57BL/6 mice through estrogen receptor ? signaling. In the first part of my thesis, we showed that ovariectomy increases both susceptibility and severity of mice on active as well as passive mouse induced EAE. This required a mechanism that implicated ERalpha signaling, suggesting that endogenous estrogen are important for the protective effect on EAE. The beneficial effect of endogenous estrogen doesn't seem have any action on T lymphocytes and doesn't required expression on ERalpha on hematopoietic cells. A lack of estrogen increased the early recruitment of inflammatory cells to the central nervous system, suggesting that endogenous estrogen regulates trans-endothelial migration of T lymphocytes. In the second part of my work, we confirmed the crucial role of ERalpha in the protective effect of the estrogen treatment in vivo on EAE. Using conditional ERalpha knock-out mice and bone marrow chimeras, we showed that the hematopoietic compartment is the major target of estrogens. We then used a Cre/loxP strategy to study the effect of selective deletion of ERalpha on immune cells such as monocyte/macrophages, dendritics cells or T lymphocytes on E2-mediated EAE protection. We observed that pharmacological activation of ERalpha by E2 intrinsic to T cells is crucial to mediate the anti-inflammatory effect of E2 and sustained inhibition of EAE development. In conclusion, this work provides direct genetic evidence that endogenous or exogenous estrogens protect from EAE development through distinct mechanisms that could be amenable to pharmacological manipulation to prevent central nervous system autoimmunity
Tiffoche, Christophe. "Structure moléculaire et fonctionnalité d'un variant hypophysaire du récepteur alpha des oestrogènes de la ratte." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10089.
Full textLicznar, Anne. "Etude du rôle et de la régulation des récepteurs des oestrogènes dans les cancers du sein." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON13502.
Full textCren, Hervé. "Bases structurales du polymorphisme de fonction des récepteurs aux oestrogènes et à la progestérone des tumeurs mammaires humaines." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN4054.
Full textMaynadier, Marie. "Activités anti-invasives et anti-prolifératives du récepteur alpha des oestrogènes dans les cancers du sein." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON1T021.
Full textCarreau, Charlotte. "Propriétés œstrogéniques des phyto-œstrogènes dans une lignée de cancer du sein : implication des domaines de transactivation du récepteur aux œstrogènes alpha." Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13571.
Full textPhytoestrogens (PE) are plants compounds sharing structural similarities with estrogens. These compounds, which bind to estrogen receptors (ER), may induce or inhibit estrogen action and have the potential to disrupt estrogen signalling. Estrogens and ER are involved in numerous physiological and/or pathological processes, in particular in breast cancer. The human ER (hER gene can be alternatively spliced into proteins of 66 and 46 kDa respectively, which differ on their N-terminal where is located the transactivation domain AF-1. The second transactivation domain AF-2, which is ligand-dependant, is present in both ER. To elucidate the yet unclear mechanisms of ER activation/inhibition by PE in further details and find selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM), we performed a comprehensive analysis and potency comparison of hER transactivation by PE in a human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. We show that estrogenic properties of some PE are linked to their capacity to induce an AF-1-dependant transactivation of hER. In contrast, the PE inducing an AF-2-dependant transactivation of hER are weak agonists and more importantly, they do not display any estrogenic properties. Such compounds, as enterolactone and naringenine, are interesting SERM, and further investigations should be performed to evaluate their potentials as candidates for a nutritional prevention of breast cancer
Seillet, Cyril. "Influence des oestrogènes sur la biologie des cellules dendritiques." Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1304/.
Full textEpidemiological data show sex differences in immunity. Women have stronger immune responses than men and are less susceptible to infection but, in turn, develop more frequent autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Data in the literature suggest that estrogen contributes to sexual dimorphism. We analyzed the effects of 17-estradiol (E2) on the development and effector functions of dendritic cells (DC). We first show in an in vitro model that E2, by activating estrogen receptor (ER) was essential for the differentiation and acquisition of DC functions. We demonstrate that DC differentiated in the absence of E2 had an immature phenotype associated with a deficiency in CD4+ T cell activation. We then analyzed the effect of E2 on a different population of DC, plasmacytoid DC (pDC), whose activation and production of IFN-I are involved in the development of autoimmune diseases such as SLE. It was reported that women pDC produced more IFN-I in response to TLR activation. Here, we have show that this difference is due to estrogen. We demonstrated, in mice, that ovariectomy led to a decrease in cytokine production by pDCs after TLR activation, whereas E2 treatment amplified it. This effect was dependent on ER signaling in the hematopoietic compartment. We were able to confirm these results in a clinical studying in which post-menopausal women treated with E2 showed a markedly enhanced TLR-7- and TLR-9-dependent production of IFN- by pDCs stimulated by synthetic ligands or by nucleic acid-containing immune complexes. In conclusion, our work shows that estrogens are important modulators of development and effector functions of several DC populations. We have highlighted the pro-inflammatory effect of E2 on the functions of DC, which may account for sex-based differences in autoimmune and infectious diseases
Adlanmerini, Marine. "Dissection des effets membranaires et nucléaires du récepteur aux oestrogènes ERα in vivo." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30278.
Full textEstrogen Receptor ERα is a nuclear receptor, which regulates many physiological functions through estradiol (E2) binding on two cellular sub-localizations: Nuclear ERa is implicated in the regulation of gene expression while membrane ERα (targeting through Cys451 palmitoylation) activates kinase signaling. The main objective of my PhD thesis was to investigate the respective roles of membrane and nuclear ERα signaling in physiological functions (fertility, vascular protection, uterine proliferation) or pathological functions (tumoral angiogenesis) in response to 17β-estradiol, pharmacological tools (EDC, Estrogen Dendrimer Conjugate) or selective ligand as tamoxifen or Estetrol (E4). Two complementary mouse models were used to delineate their respective functions of membrane and nuclear ERa signaling in vivo: ERα-AF20 mice with specific deletion of the AF2 transactivation function necessary to recruit transcriptional coactivators; C451A-ERα mice with specific mutation of the palmitoylation site of ERα necessary for membrane targeting. Furthermore, the specific role of ERα methylation, occurring on Arg264 and essential for ERα/Src/PI3K complex formation, has been evaluated in vivo using mice R264A-ERα. This work demonstrates for the first time the respective role of membrane and nuclear ERα signaling in vivo. We have highlighted some tissue-specific roles of nuclear and membrane signaling in uterus and vascular protection respectively, but also in fertility. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular ERα signaling in vivo which is of major importance for the design of new SERMs (Selective ER Modulators)
Bouclier, Céline. "Potentiel thérapeutique d'une formulation nanoparticulaire d'ARN interférents ciblant la forme alpha du récepteur des oestrogènes dans le cancer du sein." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA114840.
Full textBreast cancer is the most frequent woman cancer in western countries. Many studies have shown the involvement of the estrogen receptor alpha isotype (ERα) in the estrogen tumorigenicity. My work consisted to develop a therapeutic strategy based on nanoparticular formulation incorporating ERα-targeted siRNA. In vitro, in MCF-7 estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells, siRNA targeting ERα induced a reduced ERα expression and decreased its activity. In vivo, after incorporation in nanocapsules of PEG-PCL/MA, siRNA-ERα leads to slow down tumor growth and to a reduction of ERα expression and tumor vasculature. Co-administration with a pure anti-estrogen potentiated these affects. This could be a promising strategy to potentiate activity of other anti-cancer agents
Billon, Audrey. "Récepteur des oestrogènes alpha et physiopathologie vasculaire : étude des cibles cellulaires et rôle des fonctions transactivatrices." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/355/.
Full textEstrogens mediated atheroprotective effect suggested by epidemiological data and demonstrated by experimental studies contrasts with the lack of cardiovascular protection observed in post-menopaused women receiving an hormonal treatment. Then, the understanding of vascular effects of estrogens remains en emergency. Using mice models of vascular pathophysiology, we dissected the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the vascular effects of estradiol (E2). This led us to these following conclusions: 1) Most of vascular effects of E2 are mediated by ERa. 2) These effects are independent of ERaAF-1. 3) The endothelium is the key cellular target of E2 actions in the vascular wall. To conclude, these data are useful to develop Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM)
Duong, Vanessa. "Régulation de l'expression et de l'activité des récepteurs des oestrogènes : rôle de Mdm2 et des inhibiteurs d'histones désacétylase." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON1T014.
Full textMenuet, Arnaud. "Expression et régulation des récepteurs aux oestrogènes et de la forme cérébrale de l'aromatase chez les poissons téléostéens." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10086.
Full textSchausi, Diane. "Régulation du promoteur intronique du gène du récepteur alpha des oestrogènes, responsable de l'expression transitoire d'un variant hypophysaire." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10016.
Full textMorisset-Malzac, Muriel. "Régulation intracellulaire et activité protéolytique d'une protéine régulée par les oestrogènes dans les cancers du sein." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20258.
Full textEscande, Aurélie. "Développement de tests cellulaires pour la détection de ligands des récepteurs des oestrogènes et de la dioxine : application à l'étude des interférences transcriptionnelles entre les voies de signalisation de ces récepteurs." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON1T028.
Full textChantalat, Élodie. "Implication du récepteur aux oestrogènes ERalpha dans les maladies reproductives chez la femme : le cancer du sein et l'endométriose." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30056.
Full textEstrogen receptors (ER) expression and in particular ERa appears to be a key factor in the management of endometriosis and breast cancer. Breast cancer is influenced by 17ß-estradiol (E2) through ERs, in particular ERa. In addition to the full-length form (66kDa), there is a 46kDa form that lacks the AF1 transactivating function. The level of expression and the role of this isoform remain unexplored so far. 1) By a study in immunohistochemistry (IH) and western blot (WB), we showed that the antibodies used in the diagnosis of breast cancer do not allow the detection of ERa46; 2) In a cohort of 116 patients, we studied the expression of ERa46 in human breast tumors in WB and demonstrated an expression in more than 70% of cases, with overexpression in tumors with better prognosis; 3) We studied the role of AF1 in breast carcinogenesis in PyMT mouse models, overexpressing or not the isoform ERa46 and demonstrated a likely protective role of AF1 deletion in early carcinogenesis, then an inversion at a later stage, with a pejorative effect of the ERa46 expression on tumor volume, tumor growth and histological stage; 4) Finally, a study of the role of ERa46 in the metastatic process in women was carried out by a comparative analysis in Western wes, of its expression in primary tumors, local recurrence and distant metastases. The results show a decrease in the expression of ERa46 between the initial tumor and recurrence when they are early. A retrospective study of the cohort of 116 patients joins the hypothesis of the results of the murine study, with more frequent recurrences in patients who had an overexpression of ERa46 at diagnosis. It is therefore legitimate to ask the question of a possible instability of the expression of the 2 isoforms during the process of carcinogenesis. Indeed, the expression of the short isoform seems to have a protective effect in the initial phase of the disease, then a pejorative effect in the evolution of the tumor process, which could be the consequence of a greater instability of ERa46 than of ERa66. Endometriosis is a severe, benign, estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease affecting 6-10% of women of childbearing age and defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue. High estrogen production is the characteristics feature of this disease.[...]
Foulon, Catherine. "Développement de ligands iodés pour l'exploration fonctionnelle en SPECT : application aux récepteurs aux oestrogènes et au transporteur de la dopamine." Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR3309.
Full textChailleux, Catherine. "Purification à homogénéité du site de liaison des antioestrogènes (ABS) : évaluation des rôles respectifs d'ABS et du récepteur des oestrogènes dans l'activité antiréplicative du tamoxifène." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30065.
Full textGiacalone, Pierre Ludovic. "Action de l'adrénomédulline dans le cancer épithélial de l'ovaire : relation avec les estrogènes et leurs récepteurs." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON1T004.
Full textGeffroy, Nancy. "Etude des réponses transcriptionnelles et "non génomiques" de molécules à activité estrogénique." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL2S001.
Full textThe mitogenic activity of estrogens is attributed primarily to the regulation of the expression of target genes, which is classicaly referred to as the genomic mechanism. This pathway involves two members of the nuclear receptor family called estrogen receptor (ER)α and Erβ, acting as ligand-activated transcription factors. However, in addition to this mechanism, many rapid effects of estrogen with an onset in seconds have been documented. The time course of these events suggests that they do not require previous gene expression, but may be due to the activation of membrane-associated signaling pathways. Estrogens are known to trigger rapid stimulation of PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase)/Erk signaling cascades, and several studies suggest the involvement of the nuclear ER in these rapid responses. Activation of these pathways, which is generally considered to be restricted to transmembrane receptors of peptide hormones and growth factors, leads to inhibition of several pro-apoptotic agents and activation of transciption factors involved in cell cycle progression. The relative contribution of these two responses (transcriptional response versus " non genomic " responses) to proliferation is not known. In the present study, we have characterized a novel compound with estrogenic activity, a stilbene derivate referred to as SD555. THis ligand, just like 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) the natural agonist of Ers, is mitogenic. SD555 possesses Akt/PKB and Erk1/2 activating properties distinct from that of 17β-E2. Early and delayed waves of activation of these kinases were detected after treatment with estrogens. Our data do not support the idea that rapid activation of these kinases plays a role in the mitogenic action of estrogens. Only molecules able to promote a strong ans delayed activation of Erk1/2 induced cellular proliferation. Our experiments show that pharmacological inactivation of MEK1&2, the known upstream activators of Erk1/2, does not prevent the mitogenic actions nor Erk1/2 activation after estrogenic treatment. These results suggest that another signaling cascade rather than the well described Ras/Raf/MEK/Erk pathway is implicated in the estrogenic response. The use of small interfering RNA targeting ERα has a clear inhibitory effect on the estrogenic activation of Erk1/2, and stable overexpression of Erα in originally ER-negative cells does not restore rapid kinase activation. These results show that Erα is necessary, but not sufficient for Akt/PKB and Erk1/2 kinase activation. Other cellular partners appear to be necessary to reconstitute the native Erα (+) phenotype
Dayani, Nooshine. "Etude des récepteurs des oestrogènes et des androgènes dans le cartilage épiphysaire articulaire de lapin au cours de la croissance staturale." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F047.
Full textHabauzit, Denis. "Développement d'un outil bio-moléculaire pour la détection des composés à action oestrogénique présents dans l'environnement." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON1T006.
Full textAbot, Anne. "Dissection moléculaire de la fonction activatrice AF-1 du récepteur aux oestrogènes alpha dans la physiopathologie vasculaire et la prolifération utérine." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2775/.
Full textEstrogens influence most of the physiological processes in mammals, in particular reproduction and vascular system. Thus, it is not surprising that these steroid hormones influence numerous diseases, including breast and endometrium cancers, as well as cardiovascular diseases. These actions are mediated by two nuclear receptors, estrogen receptors ERa and ERß, which regulate target gene transcription through two independent activation functions AF-1 and AF-2. Using ERa deficient mice or electively targeting AF-1, my team has previously demonstrated that ERa is required for the E2 vasculoprotective actions of 17ß-estradiol (E2), the main natural estrogen. In contrast, activation of AF-1 of ERa is dispensable for atheroprotection, increase of NO relaxation and endothelial healing. During my phD, we have shown that: 1) tamoxifen, a selective ER modulator, used more than 30 years for breast cancer treatment in premenopausal women, prevents atherosclerosis but not accelerates endothelial healing. This atheroprotective effect is ERa-dependant and in contrast to E2, needs its AF-1, 2) AF-1of ERa is necessary to the regulation of gene transcription and cell proliferation in the uterus in response to E2 or tamoxifen. However a residual uterine hypertrophy after chronic E2 treatment persists in mice lacking AF-1 of ERa, potentially due to a stromal edema resulting to the persistence of Vegf-a induction. Furthermore uterine epithelial apoptosis and response to progesterone are largely altered in these mice. Thus, my PhD contributes to the molecular dissection of ERa activation in vivo, which could pave the way of an optimized ERa modulation. Indeed, the selective activation of ERa inducing beneficial effects of E2 without stimulating deleterious effects represents a major therapeutic interest
Sun, XueQing. "L'étude neuroanatomique de la régulation spinale des vésicules séminales chez le rat et les rôles des récepteurs des androgènes et des oestrogènes." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T023.
Full textBaron, Sylvain. "Dialogue entre le récepteur des oestrogènes alpha et le facteur de croissance IGF-I dans l'activation transcriptionnelle des cellules cancéreuses mammaires." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30053.
Full textInsulin like growth factor I (IGF-I) displays estrogenic activity in breast cancer cells. This activity is strictly dependent on the presence of estrogen receptor (ER). However the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process are still unclear. IGF-I treatment induces phosphorylation of the AF1 domain of ERα and activation of estrogen regulated genes. These genes are characterized by important differences in promoter architecture and response element composition. We show that promoter structure is crucial for IGF-I induced transcription activation. We demonstrate that on a complex promoter such as the pS2/TFF1 promoter, which contains binding sites for ERα and for the AP1 complex, transcriptional activation by IGF-I requires both ERα and the AP1 complex. IGF-I is unable to stimulate transcription of an estrogen-regulated gene under the control of a minimal promoter containing only a binding site for ERα. We propose a molecular mechanism with stepwise assembly of the AP1 complex and ERα during transcription activation of pS2/TFF1 by IGF-I. IGF-I stimulation induces rapid phosphorylation and an increase in protein levels of the AP1 complex. Binding of the phosphorylated AP1 complex to the pS2/TFF1 promoter allows recruitment of the chromatin remodeling factor Brg1 followed by binding of ERα, via its interaction with c-Jun
Ko, Chia-I. "Etude des récepteurs des oestrogènes et des androgènes chez l'amphibien "Pleurodeles waltl." : Intérêts pour la différenciation du sexe et l'impact des perturbateurs endocriniens." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10110/document.
Full textSteroids are important for sex differentiation in amphibian species Pleurodeles waltl. Besides, sex reversal can be induced by different factors, like the rearing temperature or exogenous steroids. This study has a double objective: to analyze effects of estrogen mimic chemicals and to characterize expression of estrogens and androgens receptors. The sex reversal in larvae of genotype male is induced by ethynylestradiol. This chemical is also more efficient than l’estradiol. At the concentration, which could be found in the nature, the development of mullerian duct is induced. Thus, oviduct differentiation in male larvae could be a good marker of endocrine potentiql of estrogen mimic chemicals. The estrogen receptor alpha and androgen receptor were isolated. In adult, ERalpha mRNA is present specifically in reproductive tissues. In larvae, higher level of ERalpha mRNA was observed in female gonads than in male ones; but such a difference appears after the increase of aromatase expression. ERalpha expression is inhibited in female larvae reared at 32°C, and the difference of expression between male and female was not observed. Steroids do not affect ERalpha expression in gonad, but treatments of testosterone and of DHT provoke a huge increase of ERalpha expression in mesonephros interrenal organ. In adult, a polyclonal antibody of androgens receptor reveals the presence of AR protein in testis, overy, brain, spleen and oviduct. Nevertheless, the level of AR mRNA is higher in female larvae than in male ones during the sex differentiation. A promoter region of ERalpha was also isolated. Site directed mutagenesis reveals a fixation element of factor TCTFL/BORIS, which is susceptible to regulate ERalpha expression. These studies confirm the importance of estrogenic signaling in ovary differentiation, they also demonstrate the capacity of certains estrogen mimic chemicals in oviduct differentiation induction even in male versus female sex reversal
Linares, Aurélien. "Histone désacétylases, signalisation œstrogénique et cancer du sein : établissement d’outils bioluminescents pour la détection d’inhibiteurs sélectifs de HDAC : expression et rôle de HDAC9 dans les lignées cellulaires de cancer du sein." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON13504/document.
Full textThe estrogen receptor (ER) can modulate the gene expression with consequences in the cell proliferation, apoptosis. This modulation is possible by the recruitment of coactivator or corepressor complexes. The repression activity is in particular explained by the histones deacetylases (HDACs). This protein family is composed by eighteen members who have been classified in four groups. These HDACs are subdivided on structural and functional similarities. The class I isoforms (HDACs 1, 2, 3 and 8), class II (HDACs 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10) and class IV (HDAC11) are Zn-dependent enzymes, whereas class III HDACs (Sirtuins 1-7) are NAD+-dependent. Recent data from the laboratory have shown, at the mRNA level, there is an enormous expression differential of HDAC9 between breast cancer cell line ER positive and negative or OHT resistant cell line. During my thesis, I demonstrated that the regulations of the HDAC9 on the level of its expression as of its role in the various breast cancer cell lines were implicated in the estrogen signaling. This regulation takes place at the transcriptional level and in the ERet#945; activity.In addition, using broad spectrum HDAC inhibitors (HDIs) such as TSA (Tricostatin A), many studies have shown that these inhibitors had antiangiogenic activity. Thus, the design or the identification of selective and potent HDAC inhibitors as agents anti-tumoral and/or anti-metastatic can emerge in a novel opportunity used alone or in combination with the already existing agents for the treatment of cancers. In order to identify and characterize new HDIs, my thesis works consisted to establish bioluminescent cell lines for screening HDAC inhibitors. Different cell GAL4-VP16-HDACs chimeras' models were generated to determine the selectivity of HDIs for the different HDACs
Huet, Guillaume. "Régulation de l'activité transcriptionnelle du récepteur alpha des oestrogènes : mécanismes dictant la contribution cellule-spécifique des fonctions de transactivations AF1 et AF2." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S033.
Full textThe information signal brought by estrogens is transduced in their target tissues by specific receptors (ER) alpha and beta which harbour two regions involved in transcriptional regulation, AF1 and AF2. The respective contribution of these AFs towards ER transactivation potency depends upon the cell considered. We show here that the establishment of cell junctions is required for a predominant activity of the AF1, notably the region called box 1, which we further demonstrate to be under the control of the Rho GTPases/actin/MKL1 axis. According to our results, coactivation of the AF1 box 1 by MKL1 occurs in differentiated cell lines. In contrast, in undifferentiated cells, the status of Rho GTPases and actin cytoskeleton leads the coregulator MKL1 to inhibit the activity of the AF1 box 1. This results in the reduction of the transactivation potency of ERalpha. Finally, we show that MKL1 is able to influence the transcriptional activity of other steroid receptors
Margueron, Raphaël. "Acétylation et signalisation oestrogénique dans les lignées de cancer du sein." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON1T009.
Full textBelguise, Karine. "Facteurs AP-1 et cancer du sein : interférence transcriptionnelle avec le récepteur α des oestrogènes et contrôle de l'agressivité tumorale." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON1T008.
Full textPhilips, Alexandre. "Interférences transcriptionnelles entre des facteurs de croissance et des ligands du récepteur aux oestrogènes dans des lignées cellulaires de cancer du sein humain." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON1T020.
Full textDeneux, Marie. "Immunosuppresseurs et antistéroïdes dans les cellules de cancers de seins humains : effets sur la prolifération cellulaire, les récepteurs aux oestrogènes et sur la transcription des gênes qu'ils régulent." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAP0037.
Full textBoukari, Kahina. "Rôle des récepteurs stéroïdiens dans les fonctions testiculaires endocrine et exocrine au cours du développement chez l'homme." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066138.
Full textGallo, Dominique. "Rôle de la séquence P295-T311 dans l'activation du récepteur d'oestrogènes a: activité pseudo-oestrogénique d'un peptide synthétique correspondant à cette séquence." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210316.
Full textLes thérapies visant à contrecarrer la progression des cancers mammaires hormono-dépendants sont principalement basées sur l'inactivation du ROa. A cette fin et à ce jour, deux stratégies sont mises en œuvre: l'inhibition de la production d'œstrogènes (inhibiteurs d'aromatases) et l'inhibition du ROa lui-même (anti-œstrogènes). Face à l'apparition de résistances à ces traitements, la recherche de nouvelles cibles s'avère nécessaire. En effet, que ce soit de façon indirecte (inhibiteurs d'aromatases) ou directe (anti-œstrogènes), toutes les molécules utilisées en clinique ciblent la poche de liaison de l'hormone. Une autre approche visant à entraver l'action du ROa serait l'inhibition du recrutement de ses coactivateurs. Ainsi, il a été récemment rapporté que des peptides ou des mimes peptidiques inhibant de tels recrutements pourraient effectivement être d'utilité thérapeutique.
Notre travail s'inscrit dans cette optique: l'étude du motif P295-T311 du ROa nous a permis de mettre en évidence une cible distincte de celles décrites ci-dessus. Ce motif semble être une région critique dans le contrôle de l'activité transcriptionnelle du ROa. Il est, en effet, sujet à phosphorylation, acétylation, méthylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation et protéolyse. Par ailleurs, des études antérieures à ce travail ont suggéré son implication dans la liaison d'une protéine corégulatrice du ROa: la calmoduline (CaM), le principal senseur du calcium intracellulaire. Cependant, le rôle de cette association dans le processus d'activation du récepteur restait partiellement indéterminé.
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Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Touitou, Isabelle. "Régulation hormonale différentielle de la cathepsine D dans le sein, le col de l'utérus et l'endomètreEtude par transfection des gènes des récepteurs des oestrogènes et de la progestérone." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20229.
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