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1
Patterson, Richard William. "Studies In Architectural Semiology." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492202.
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This research analyses the historically specific formal, signifying structures of architectural conceptualisation through the use of depth models including structuralism and psychoanalysis. As historically specific, the rules of formation of these structures are only variably formulated in their own right. In this context, what has been referred to as a 'positive unconscious' is addressed here as the sine qua non in a discursive formation of architectural knowledge and creative activity. For this reason, this proposal does not concern itself with a meta-methodology or an arborescent structure through which the various elements of its analysis might be seamlessly and uniformly joined and understood. The research coalesces initially on empirical convention: on bUildings, cities, and in a looser sense on the constructed environment; on architecture, that is, which in its own seductive way has sought to encourage us to believe that our understanding of existence is real. What is demonstrated in the constellation of examples chosen for this research is that coherence within the subject's discipline has been established on an enduring conception of architecture as a signifying rather than as an historically developmental, objective, functional, and temporally consistent form of practice.
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Yakovleff, Andre J. S. "Architectural studies for visual processing /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phy15.pdf.
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Dogan, Fehmi. "The role of conceptual diagrams in the architectural design process case studies of the First Unitarian Church by Louis Kahn, the staatsgalerie by Stirling & Wilford Associates, and the Jewish Museum by Daniel Libeskind /." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5398.
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Kimball, Tim. "Architectural Symbiosis." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1682.
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The world is facing two fundamental problems. The first problem is a rapidly increasing demand for energy. The second problem is increasing greenhouse gas emissions that are directly resulting from our energy consumption. The primary greenhouse gas in question here is carbon dioxide produced from the burning of fossil fuels. It has been demonstrated through scientific articles and studies that carbon dioxide is directly linked to rising atmospheric temperatures. Buildings represent a significant percentage of this CO2 production.
Many architectural theses and treatises have been written advocating architecture that is more energy efficient and which uses sustainable materials and processes as necessary steps towards solving the global warming crisis.
With the threat of global warming looming, everyday architecture must go through a transformation. Sustainable buildings should not be limited to rarefied architectural gems. Instead, sustainable architecture should become a commonplace condition in the built environment. In order to achieve this, we need sustainable architecture that not only addresses the environmental issues but also pays for itself and pays the building owner for taking on such a task.
To answer this need, I intend to design a mixed-use multifamily building that exists in the environment as a living system. As all living things, it must function utilizing the resources available in that environment. It must have a practical and economically viable on-site energy production and storage methodology that is environmentally benign and takes advantage of freely available natural resources. It must react to changes in the environment to better manage its resources and it must be able to store resources for later use. Lastly, it should foster sustainable living practices of its occupants.
By building in this way, architecture can take on a new role as symbiant rather than parasite in the environment, producing its own pollution free energy and clean water. Each building acts as a life support system for its inhabitants but is also part of a macro scale biosphere. If resources are managed carefully, an exportable energy surplus can be generated representing an economic benefit to the owner. This provides an economic directive to adopt sustainable practices.
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Schwartz, Kurt Edward. "Paragons of instruction : a center for architectural studies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23200.
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Brine, Judith M. C. "The nature of public appreciation of architecture : a theoretical exposition and three case studies /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb858.pdf.
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Burton, Nicholas. "Architectural co-evolution and correspondence in UK personal pensions." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/28428/.
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A firm’s ability to survive and prosper is often a function of its ability to design and develop new products that meet the needs of heterogeneous markets. The way in which a product is designed can have profound implications for product market structure and who is able to profit from an innovation, but despite this few industry studies have examined how and why product and industry architectures co-evolve and correspond across time. Notions of architectural co-evolution and correspondence are grounded in the modularity literature and assume a path towards increasing product modularity and industry specialisation. However, scholars have recently hinted that a reverse path towards increasing product and industry integration may be equally feasible. This research study contributes to the literature by proposing three stylised hybrid product and industry reintegration types that enhance our understanding of how and why reintegration may occur in product markets. Furthermore, the presence of a correspondence in the design characteristics between architectural layers (the so-called ‘mirroring hypothesis’) has also been suggested in the literature, such that product component design is often a blueprint for the way task, knowledge and firm boundaries are partitioned within a given product market. This research study finds that architectural correspondence is hard to sustain over time as firms often maintain a broader knowledge than task boundary for strategically important product components that offer differentiation opportunities or competitive advantage, contributing to the literature on contingencies that ‘mist the mirror’. Of particular interest to this research study is the UK personal pensions sector, a non-physical product, largely under-explored in the product modularity literature. By analysing the co-evolution and correspondence of a non-manufactured product over a 30-year period this research study breaks new ground. The research study makes use of a retrospective longitudinal research design, based upon semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 31 key personnel. The interview data was subject to a combination of matrix and template analysis.
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Whittle, James Richardson Ross. "Structural studies of large architectural nucleoporins and coat proteins." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/57563.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2010.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-142).
The Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) is a ~50 MDa protein complex that forms the sole conduit for macromolecular transport across the nuclear envelope. It assembles from ~30 proteins, termed nucleoporins or nups, symmetrically arranged about a central 8-fold axis. Some nucleoporins also contribute to other structures or perform diverse other functions. A subset forms a stably-associated core scaffold for the NPC, organized into two large subcomplexes, the Y-complex and the Nic96-complex. Studies using electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography have begun to elucidate the architecture of the NPC scaffold. To better understand the NPC and related proteins, two studies were performed: 1. The crystal structure of the C-terminal a-helical domain of Nup133 in complex with the C terminus of Nup107 revealed (with a prior structure of the N-terminal β-propeller domain of Nup133) the complete structure of Nup133 and its connection to the Y-complex. This contributes to a nearly complete molecular model of the Y-complex. Nup107-Nup133 forms the distal half of the stalk of the Y-complex. Sequence similarity between Nup133 and another nucleoporin, Nup170, was detected, and structural similarity proven by solving the structure of the a-helical domain of Nup170. Nup170 is a member of the Nic96-complex. Similarity between Nup133 and Nup170 suggests that the Y-complex and the Nic96-complex employ the same architectural principles. 2. Four nucleoporins contain an a-helical domain structurally related to the COPII coat protein Sec31. This domain is called the ancestral coatomer element 1 (ACE1). Sec13-Sec31 and Nup84-Nup145C-Sec13 complexes form analogous edge elements for the COPII coat and the NPC. A sequence-based search for other ACE1s identified the COPII accessory protein Sec16. Sec16 and Sec13 were shown to form a 2:2 heterotetramer. A crystal structure of Sec13-Sec16 revealed similarities to the Sec13-Sec31 edge element. Together with other structural and in vivo data, this result suggests that Sec13-Sec16 is a template for the Sec13-Sec31 coat. These studies demonstrate that duplication of multiple classes of architectural proteins occurred in the evolution of the NPC and COPII coat, and support the hypothesis that these systems evolved from a common, ancestral membrane-coating complex.
by James Richardson Ross Whittle.
Ph.D.
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Wilhelm, Bernard C. "Urban Fabric as a Calayst for Architectural Awareness: Center for Architectural Research." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/564.
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Architects throughout have been forced to practice design surrounded by a society that generally lacks of architectural awareness and interest. A growing trend to transition from a relatively isolated profession into a field that promotes stronger public involvement is critical for architecture to evolve. Within the past 10 years, the growth of architectural centers have begun to dissolve the barrier between the profession and the general public in that their primary function regardless of what form they represent, is to introduce and educate issues of architecture that are an inescapable part of our built environment.
An investigation of architectural research institute precedents, would allow for opportunities to understand how they have engaged professional knowledge with a growing educated public opinion. Promoting the idea of similar functions locally to a skeptic public has to be based on the importance of change, where new technologies are consistently transforming the way we approach design problems. Introducing a variety of techniques to display information, which go beyond any two dimensional format into a three or four dimensional, more tactile, interactive medium, allowing the observer to become engaged in what they are learning is important for individuals to establish meaning. The facility itself would be a catalyst for learning in which design issues are presented and solutions are viewed by the viewer in a multi-sensory way.
The ultimate goal would be able to establish a system of memory responses to allow the general public a better connection with architecture. Creating a center of information housed within a singular building would be a beneficial beginning but it is important to express that information beyond any static building into a contextual environment in which it can be further related with. Adding richness to public spaces that promote cases of good architectural design can be an example that would allow the absorption of concepts through participation. Eventually, the results would lead to more knowledgeable public input about how their built environment is viewed and encourage better design.
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Graham, Laura Dale. "Accommodating density: an alternative to Cape Town's suburban mode." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17201.
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Includes bibliographical referencesThe Cape Town city border is expanding due to rapid urbanisation and further expansion is not the solution. The growth is destroying agricultural land and the provision of transport and services is becoming increasingly inefficient. The new suburbs on the edge of the city are comprised of mostly low density housing and present a dull urban environment. There is a need to find alternate ways to accommodate a growing population with efficient use of services and facilities. Denser environments present greater vibrancy. This dissertation addresses the issues around high density housing and how to change South African's negative perceptions regarding density which are based on the lack of parking space, privacy and desire for one's own garden. Perceptions can be changed through transport-orientated design, designing for privacy and the inclusion of balconies or patios. This project also looks at ways to increase a sense of community, which is often lacking in low density areas. The project is sited within the Two Rivers Urban Park, in Hazendal by the Black River. This area offers a unique opportunity for Cape Town to densify existing areas near the city and redefine how Capetonians perceive rivers, which are often viewed as the 'backyard' space of the suburb. Rivers are neglected, polluted and used as dumping grounds. This dissertation attempts to change this perception and to provide opportunity to celebrate the rivers. The outcome of this dissertation is an infill project and a catalyst for potential density development in the area. The project surrounds the Hazendal train station. It includes a social housing section with community facilities; a new train station entrance with a community hub; private plots, and market-related housing facing the Black River. The proposed design for the dissertation could set a precedent for ways in which to densify existing low density suburbs near to the city centre.
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Zimmermann, Sophie. "Embodied relevance: exploring the potential of existing concrete frame structures: the case of the Christiaan Barnard Hospital." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17202.
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Includes bibliographical referencesOur cities to a great part consist of a large amount of already built fabric and this dissertation shall address this as an area of concern, encouraging the transformation of existing buildings, rather than building anew. Furthermore, the dissertation focuses on the universal issue of 1960's concrete frame buildings and investigates the potential for their continued re-use rather than demolition. This falls within the current discourse around the negative impact of the built environment and its contribution to climate change, and forms the backbone of the intended research. While progress has been made towards achieving urban sustainability in practical and conceptual terms, cities are still unsustainable. Buildings have a large negative impact on the environment in terms of the natural resources and energy that they consume, as well as the CO2 emitted throughout their lifespan. For environmental, architectural and economic reasons this dissertation investigates the applicability and process for the transformation and/or rehabilitation of existing buildings - to retain the existing embodied energy, while also focusing on adapting buildings to become more energy efficient. It is difficult to develop a fixed set of rules for retrofitting or rehabilitating existing buildings as they are all unique by definition. However, the general idea of retaining the embodied energy and actively engaging with the existing should be apparent throughout, encouraging environmental consciousness and bringing new life and purpose to the building. In the case of the Christiaan Barnard Hospital, this was done through retaining the bulk of the existing concrete frame (86%), while enhancing the internal quality of the building through the incorporation of light wells and various cuts and punctures throughout. While increasing occupancy wellbeing, this also allows for a comfortable interior climate through passive means and will improve the energy efficiency of the building, which is coupled with the energy savings from retaining the concrete frame. Additionally, a lightweight modular steel frame structure with movable mesh screens was incorporated into the building's façade to provide a fresh new look and allow for an interplay between the old and the new, while providing natural light, ventilation and shading. The functional changes in the building also allow for the reintegration of the building into the Cape Town CBD as a building that will now contribute to its surroundings. Thus, the design explores and strives to serve as a precedent for a methodology for sustainable building refurbishment.
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haj, Juana. "Post-Pandemic Alternative Architectural Design." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44425.
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Architecture is known to gather people and encourage shared spaces in our buildings and homes, while the Corona virus, aka COVID-19 has refrained us from our usual face to face communication and meetups. For some, work and social life has been reduced and limited to a screen, virtual meetings for studies, work, social events and so forth. Architecture has its impact on us more than ever before. It can and should provide us safety, infection control and prevention from getting sick. The materials we choose to design our home with is also crucial in a pandemic situation as we should be looking for disinfectant material properties. Copper have been shown to perform better than other common materials like steel, plastic, and wood. Air circulation and ventilation in inner spaces will also have stricter requirements where the air should be changed every hour and checking the air quality – that could be improved with the ratio of greenery and open spaces. Designing a home that can stimulate the productivity, flexibility, comfort, happiness, and health in its dwellers is the ultimate goal for this study. The target audience for the thesis are architects, interior designers and laymen who are interested in this field or those that are seeking a design which promotes healthy, safe and adequate living spaces and homes. The methods used in this study where both quantitative and qualitative methods through an international online survey as well as conducting local interviews with residential buildings’ dwellers in Berlin. On one hand, poor design can lead to both higher expenses in the long term as well as leading to bad physical and mental health, which is felt through the responses from both the survey and interviews. The biophilic design on the other hand, can have a huge positive impact on the dwellers both physically and mentally and should be tested and used more as a solid base for designing interior spaces.
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Wiggins, Glenn E. "Architectural drawing as designing and creating : a constructionist perspective." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12671.
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Hamadeh, Shirine. "The city's pleasures : architectural sensibility in eighteenth-century Istanbul." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9688.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-336).
The definitive return of the Ottoman court to the capital city Istanbul in 1703 ushered in nearly a century of extraordinary building activity and urban change, in the process of which a new architectural idiom was defined. This dissertation examines the parameters of Ottoman architectural sensibility in the eighteenth century, starting at this pivotal moment and ending with the first European commissions in the 1790s. It draws principally on contemporary court poetry, and a wide array of Ottoman and European literary and visual sources, and architectural evidence. It departs from current interpretations, which view European influence as the chief impetus of architectural change in this period. Instead, I contend that this was a time when social transformations in the making since the late sixteenth century were enacted in the city's fabric through the tastes, aspirations, and recreational practices of the urban society. The continuous dynamic between these manifestations and the state s efforts to reassert its visible presence in the capital was central to the formation of a new urban and architectural landscape. This is highlighted in the first part, which explores the development of the suburban waterfront, the spatial and structural transformations of residences, the formal evolution of private gardens, the proliferation and unprecedented magnificence of public fountains, and the phenomenal expansion of public spaces. The second part focuses on the role of urban sensibilities in shaping a broader cultural horizon of expectations. Through an investigation of the age-old relation between garden and poetry in this period, I show that garden and poetic canon followed a parallel trajectory of "urbanization," symptomatic of a changing environment that accommodated a diverse range of social milieus and sensibilities. Drawing on the flourishing genre of rhymed architectural chronograms, I argue that this hybrid constellation of sensibilities informed the architectural vocabulary of eighteenth-century Istanbul. In Ottoman perception, beauty was measured against the sensuous pleasures derived from the visual and sensory experience of architecture. Brilliance, ornamental virtuosity, mimesis, and novelty, constituted the main parameters of appreciation. They mirrored a flamboyant and immensely hybrid visual idiom, tuned to the sensibilities of a broad and diverse public.
by Shirine Hamadeh.
Ph.D.
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Suen, Wai-man. "Towards a new professionalism (in PRC) : strategic reform of Hong Kong architectural firms /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13570468.
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Oppong, Rexford Assasie. "An enquiry into architectural taste in Ghana based on case studies." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539750.
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鄭仁愛 and Yan-oi Debbie Cheng. "Putting practice into practice: a journey of positioning 15 years of architectural experience into teaching theassociate degree of architectural studies." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36789094.
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Savage, David S. "The palaces of Nevskiy Prospect: A translation about their architectural foundation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291832.
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The thesis consists of a translation of chapters pertaining to the construction and reconstruction of the famous St. Petersburg Anichkov and Beloselskiy-Belozerskiy palaces, detailing the founders, owners, and architects who designed and built them. These translations contain extraordinary and insightful information regarding the development of architectural St. Petersburg. The translated chapters also document the many changes that took place over time with each new resident of the palaces and outline the artistic architectural features of each palace. A preface to the thesis details the research and problems encountered in the process of translation. This annotated and photo-illustrated translation describes the architectural innovation inherent in the construction of each palace and illustrates the current state of restoration. The significance of the translated chapters lies in the fact that they contribute important cultural and historic information to English-language readers about the architectural history of St. Petersburg in its three-hundredth year.
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Williams, Erica. "Aquatecture : architectural adaptation to rising sea levels." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003290.
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Graves, Margaret Susanna. "Worlds writ small : four studies on miniature architectural forms in the medieval Middle East." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5489.
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While academic discussion of ornament within medieval Islamic art has laboured much over the codification and meaning of certain forms, there has been relatively little research to date on the visual and iconographic function of architecture as ornament in this context. Those few authors that have dealt with this issue have focused overwhelmingly on two-dimensional architectural representations, largely ignoring the considerable body of portable objects from the medieval Middle East that imitate architecture through three-dimensional forms, whether in a mimetically coherent fashion or in a more elliptical or reconfigured manner. This thesis proposes, first and foremost, that there is significant cultural meaning inherent in the use of architecture as an inspiration for the non-essential formal qualities of portable objects from the medieval Islamic world. Through iconographic analysis of the relationships that such objects form with architecture, an understanding of both full-size architecture and its miniature incarnations in the medieval urban context is advanced within the thesis. To maximise the intellectual scope of the study whilst still enabling an in-depth treatment of the material, four discrete studies of different object groups are presented. All of these are thought to date from approximately 1000 to 1350 CE, and to come from the core Middle Eastern territories of Persia, Syria and Egypt. The first chapter examines the glazed ceramic ‘house models’ believed to originate in late or post-Seljuq Persia. The second discusses six-sided ceramic tables from the same milieu, and more numerous related tables produced in Syria during the same period. In the third chapter carved marble jar stands from Cairo, apparently produced from the twelfth century onwards, are analysed. The final chapter, on metalwork, broadens its approach to encompass two very different strains of production: inkwells from Khurasan and incense burners from the breadth of the Middle East. Because much of the thesis focuses on material that has been dramatically understudied, it performs the primary action of compiling examples of each of the object types under study. Though this information is presented as a catalogue vi sommaire, this component of the thesis is not regarded as an end in itself. The major tasks of the thesis are the identification of the architectural tropes that are being evoked within each object group, analysis of the manner in which those forms have been modified to suit the miniature context of the objects, and the location of meaning within such diminutive evocations of architectural form. Through comparisons with other objects, full-size architecture, two-dimensional representations of architecture and historical texts, the thesis moves discourse on this type of motif in Islamic art beyond the traditional and sometimes superficial discussion of ‘ornament’, re-setting architectural iconography within larger contexts of urbanisation and city culture of the medieval Islamic world.
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Fan, Ya-Timg. "Representing Japanese Taipei : studies in urban development and architectural style (1895-1930)." Thesis, University of Reading, 2018. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/77835/.
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While the urban development and the architecture of Taipei during the Japanese colonisation (1895-1945) has been extensively investigated, the architectural style of the shop-house has not been deeply explored. The style of these buildings has often been characterised simplistically as either 'Baroque' or 'Neo Mannerist' without any real attempt to understand the sets of associations. The Taiwanese shop-houses that were produced in this period were really much more complex in style, embracing Western, Japanese and Taiwanese features. It was more translation than imitation. In the light of all this, this dissertation studies both Japanese and Taiwanese shop¬houses in Taipei. The research focuses on how and why shop-house design in Taipei changed in this period, what styles were adopted by their designers, and what meanings and associations these styles have for their audiences. The findings suggest that the Japanese shop-house was more significantly influenced by English nineteenth-century historicist architecture than the others. The Taiwanese shop-houses which built by local craftsmen, such as the Chen-GUO family, were influenced not only by the colonial Japanese architecture in Taipei (namely the Western-style government buildings) and the shop-houses built by the Japanese architects for the Japanese merchants, but also by Han Chinese traditions in design. What this dissertation aims to provide therefore is a more nuanced approach to describing the style in early twentieth-century Taipei, one that owes much to the important Chen-GUO family.
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Yoon, Chae-Shin. "Plan schematization : a computational approach to morphological structure of architectural space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11445.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 260-263).
In this thesis an architectural design theory is premised so that plan making can start from a 'space scheme' which is a description of 'hierarchic balloon representation'. The space organization of a plan is described in hierarchic balloon representation in terms of a part/whole hierarchy of adumbrated space units. The information processing from bitmap representation of a plan image to hierarchic balloon representation of a space scheme is proposed to have two intermediate representations: FEB representation and primitive balloon representation. The purpose of constructing an FEB representation is to provide a principled ground for space identification. The idea of the FEB representation originates from the simulation of the directional inclination resulting from imaginary space perception in a plan. The primitive balloon representation is constructed to explicate the process of identifying and describing space primitives in a plan. The primitive balloon representation is so named because space primitives are described by extending the basin core outward which resembles the process of inflating a balloon. Hierarchic balloon representation differs from both FEB representation and primitive balloon representation in that it is dependent on primitive balloon representation by using the transform algorithm of deriving FEB representation but it also allows optional modifications.
by Chaeshin Yoon.
Ph.D.
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Cheng, Yan-oi Debbie. "Putting practice into practice a journey of positioning 15 years of architectural experience into teaching the associate degree of architectural studies /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36789094.
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Gayleg, Sonam. "Historic districts as an alternative approach to preserve the Bhutanese Architectural Heritage." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55138.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-105).
Conservation practice in Bhutan is based on two sets of guidelines. One, the Traditional Architectural guidelines that illustrates the entitlement of different architectural features based on the type of building. The other guideline is the Bhutan Building Rules that makes it compulsory to incorporate certain traditional architectural features in all other construction. Although these guidelines have succeeded in preserving the historic structures individually, through the piecemeal approach, it lacks the holistic approach to conservation that takes the neighborhood fabric into consideration which is an important component of vernacular Bhutanese Architecture. This thesis is an attempt to come up with an alternative approach to conservation practices in Bhutan, the holistic approach which is the adaptation of the Historic district concept to better achieve the conservation objective. I analyze the conservation practices in the United States by specifically looking at two historic districts - Beacon Hill in Boston and Charleston in South Carolina. Based on the analysis, my recommendations for the alternative approach to conservation in Bhutan - the Historic district concept includes a set of design guidelines applicable within the historic districts while also looking at ways to make the historic district sustainable economically.
by Sonam Gayleg.
M.C.P.
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Sumertas, Firuzan Melike. "Female Patronage In Classical Ottoman Architecture: Five Case Studies In Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607671/index.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is to discuss and illustrate the visibility of Ottoman imperial women in relation to their spatial presence and contribution to the architecture and cityscape of sixteenth and seventeenth century istanbul. The central premise of the study is that the Ottoman imperial women assumed and exercised power and influence by various means but became publicly visible and acknowledged more through architectural patronage. The focus is on istanbul and a group of buildings and complexes built under the sponsorship of court women who resided in the Harem section of Topkapi Palace.
The case studies built in Istanbul in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are examined in terms of their location in the city, the layout of the complexes, the placement and plan of the individual buildings, their orientation, mass characteristics and structural properties. It is discussed whether female patronage had any recognizable consequences on the Ottoman Classical Architecture, and whether female patrons had any impact on the building process, selection of the site and architecture.
These complexes, in addition, are discussed as physical manifestation and representation of imperial female power. Accordingly it is argued that, they functioned not only as urban regeneration projects but also as a means to enhance and make imperial female identity visible in a monumental scale to large masses in different parts of the capital.
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Pinzon, Latorre Andres Augusto. "The Influence of Courtyards Thermal Comfort Study in Bogota, Colombia." Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10681398.
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In the last twenty years, there has been a decrease in the quality of social housing projects in Bogotá, in part because private developers have replaced the Colombian government as the main agent. Degradation of social housing has been associated with related sickness of residents due to cold thermal conditions, particularly in children and seniors. In this context, business profitability has played against healthy indoor environments.
A common misconception of building in Bogotá’s mild climate (tropical) is that indoor thermal comfort is not a problem. It is based on the fact that outdoor conditions are relatively constant throughout the year without strong seasons, which in theory make acceptable conditions for thermal comfort of building occupants. Moreover, since residential buildings in Bogotá are naturally ventilated and no have space conditioning, thermal adaptation is expected to be more important.
Previous investigations on thermal comfort in the city have focused on the interaction between the local climate and a particular building configuration, but most have not explored occupants’ perceptions of comfort nor have they investigated how urban form and architectural features such as communal courtyards may influence thermal comfort.
This dissertation aims to better understand occupant perceptions of thermal comfort within the context of environmental conditions, personal adaptability, and urban form in Bogotá. The hypothesis is that an urban fabric that enhances solar access will improve the potential of a building to deliver a satisfactory thermal comfort to its occupants and energy savings in electric lighting. To test this hypothesis, courtyard buildings are explored as a way to connect people with the daily rhythms on their environments and reinterpret these spaces in the scenario of a larger and a denser city.
A multidisciplinary approach is used to address these enquiries, and through a field study thermal comfort is investigated in Bogotá. This methodology integrates knowledge from architecture, psychometrics, and statistics. The field study is performed on two residential projects that represent different urban configurations: the first project is organized in lineal blocks and the second project is organized around a central courtyard.
In total, 75 apartments participate in the study: 37 in the first project and 38 in the second project. Data are collected from them through environmental logging and surveying of residents. Information about temperature, relative humidity, radiant temperature, and light intensity is obtained through monitoring, while information about: thermal sensation, thermal preference, clothing value, and physical activity is obtained through surveys.
Statistical correlations, estimations, comparative tests, and summary statistics are used to analyze the data. These comparisons allow for an investigation of the influence of environmental conditions on occupants’ thermal sensations, the margins of acceptability of residents in multifamily housing, the influence of building features on thermal comfort of real environments, and the influence of courtyards as a solution for problems of comfort and energy consumption.
Key findings include: (1) outdoor climatic conditions (in addition to indoor climatic conditions) were associated with the thermal sensation of residents, suggesting that the indoor and outdoor climates are more connected across the building envelope boundary in these types of buildings that in environmentally controlled buildings; (2) the range of thermal adaptability of residences in these buildings was larger than in environmentally controlled buildings, suggesting that personal choice factors (e.g., choosing to wear more clothing to keep warm) are used to regulate comfort sensations in the absence of more advanced environmental control; and (3) the presence of a large central courtyard increases levels of comfort and also appeared to reduce electricity consumption for lighting.
The comparison suggests that the courtyard typology in multi-family residential buildings can be used to improve thermal comfort in social housing in this climate. Overall, this study offers a key insight into the complex interactions between climate, urban form, architectural design, and human behavior in governing human thermal comfort.
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Martin, Desmond. "The churches of Bishop Robert Gray & Mrs Sophia Gray : an historical and architectural review." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10637.
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Bishop Robert Gray, the first Anglican Bishop of Cape Town, came to South Africa in 1848 to establish a province of the Established Church, the Church of England in the Cape Colony, adjacent territories and the island of St Helena. Gray's fourfold objective was to increase the number of clergy, to build churches and schools, to establish missions among the 'heathen' and to found a training college for young men. The focus of the thesis is Gray's second objective - his church building programme.
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Savas, Aysen. "Between document and monument : architectural artifact in an age of specialized institutions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11641.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 233-250).
This dissertation is a critical analysis of the transformations in the definition of a modem architectural artifact and the artifact's changing status in an institutional context. This work develops on a series of themes which proceed on the assumption that various procedures performed by specialized institutions in architecture have been effective in the process of the definition of an architectural artifact. It starts from the proposition that transformations in the definition of architectural expressions are due to the confluence of specific institutional procedures. Since the 1970s, architectural culture was enriched with the rapid emergence and growth of a number of specialized institutions, namely, architectural museums, archives, research centers, and galleries. At the turn of the nineteenth-century, the field of architecture had witnessed a comparable process with the emergence of various architectural societies and professional organizations. Transforming the collector's practices of the enlightenment, these modern institutions sought to establish the foundations of an architectural knowledge based on documents. These institutional practices would also lead to the construction of an architectural culture based on monuments. In my study, I examine the continuation of this activity, arguing that our late twentieth-century institutions both inherited from and critically transformed these foundational projects. In the following six chapters, I examine different procedures taking place in these institutions: collecting, exhibiting, preserving, indexing, cataloguing, and instiTUtionalizing. Focusing on different materials, each thematic chapter investigates the shifts among the intellectual outcomes of these procedures. Their material and conceptual aftermath are the subject of every chapter. Each autonomous chapter is meant to gain precision from its contextual relation to the others and to the definition of the architectural artifact itself. It is not the intention of this dissertation to trace back the historical development of architectural institutions nor to choose its examples from a single geographic or historic location. Rather, by formulating the question as 'what are the intellectual consequences of a specific process and its effects on the definition of an architectural artifact?' it critically analyzes the working logic of specialized institutions in the early nineteenth and late twentieth centuries. Institutions function in the discipline not as instruments of self-powered or autonomous entities but as intellectual members of a larger cultural mechanism. Their operation regulates and is regulated by the dynamics of the discipline of architecture and is informed by a larger social framework. A concluding chapter relates the specific processes taking place in specialized institutions to disciplinary performance. It emphasizes the contradiction between process and product. This analysis will lead us to suggest that for institutionalized artifacts of architecture, there is no absolute state of being merely a document (a factual, formal, objective evidence) or a monument (a conditional, relativist, subjective interpretation). Rather, I argue that the various processes performed in specialized institutions coalesce into these two distinct statuses. This correlation suggests the integration of architectural culture into a larger cultural system.
by Aysen Savas.
Ph.D.
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Holgate, Peter. "Developing a curriculum for engagement : architectural education at Northumbria University." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/30256/.
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This document collates examples of the author’s practice, initiatives, inquiries, and scholarship in the five year period from 2010 to 2015. In conjunction with the critical commentary, ‘Developing a Curriculum for Engagement for Architectural Education at Northumbria University’ it serves to satisfy the requirements of Northumbria University’s regulations for the submission of a Professional Doctorate by Portfolio. The individual components within this portfolio seek to underpin the author’s claim towards developing a ‘curriculum for engagement’ in support of the student’s holistic educational experience of architectural education at Northumbria. The majority of the components have resulted from collaborations with colleagues in the course of the author’s practice. These have included fellow academics, academic managers, colleagues from other institutions and disciplines, as well as students of the programmes of architecture. In support of developing a ‘curriculum for engagement’, these collaborative works embody the notion of ‘communicative action’ (Habermas, 1981) in seeking consensual, iterative and beneficial initiatives for the benefit of student learning and experience. All inquiries have been supported by ethical permissions from relevant schools and faculties in the institution. All components have also been made available in the public domain, through a variety of outlets relevant to the particular output and audience. Permissions have been sought and granted for their reproduction in this portfolio. The individual components have been re-formatted for the purpose of this portfolio in order to comply with Northumbria University regulations for doctoral submissions. Font sizes and type, line-spaces and layouts have been standardised, and Harvard Northumbria has been used throughout for the purposes of citations and in-text referencing. References have been collated alphabetically. Word counts have omitted references.
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Hemsoll, David. "Studies in architectural and artistic imitation during the time of Raphael and Michelangelo." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6053/.
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The work collected together here examines the distinctive conceptual approaches taken by Renaissance architects, during the period c. 1480-1550, towards the designing of their buildings. It analyses the designs of a wide range of buildings from the period by architects including Raphael, Michelangelo and numerous others. The conclusion reached is that many of these architects adopted approaches based, ultimately, on ways of thinking (about art as well as architecture) that had surfaced in late fifteenth-century Florence; and that their approaches were not just similar in many key regards but also corresponded closely with theories of language and literary imitation being aired at around the same time. The essays also explore how certain differences in approach, especially between Raphael and Michelangelo, were directly paralleled by differences in literary theory. Also proposed is that the design methods formulated specifically by Raphael in the years before his death (1520) became the template for those followed by many subsequent ‘High Renaissance’ architects; and that the architectural term ‘order’, which was coined by Raphael before becoming commonplace in architectural theory, had its origins in literary theory. As for the design methods taken up by Michelangelo, it is argued that these were initially comparable to those followed by Raphael, but that they gradually diverged in a way that was very much in line with his conceptual thinking about sculpture and painting, until they became, at a fundamental theoretical level, incompatible with those of his later contemporaries.
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Vieregge, Quentin David. "Narratives of Architectural Revolution in Online Christian Rhetoric." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3394.
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Abstract
This dissertation examines how online Christian communities reconcile the democratizing, anti-hegemonic effects of dialogic web tools, such as wikis, blogs, and video-sharing sites with the authoritarian characteristics of some organized religions. In the first chapter, I discuss technodeterminism and what I call the theme of "revolutionary architectures" in digital humanities scholarship. This theme occurs in narratives that assume that a new interface, Internet tool, or type of coding will redefine the rhetorical relationship between writers, readers, and site administrators, usually in a benevolent way. I argue that scholars within the field of Computers and Composition use narratives of architectural revolution to inscribe communication technologies with certain inherent values even as they claim that these tools require responsible use from an informed, reflective citizenry. The theme of revolutionary architecture reveals the desire within the field of Computers & Composition to view technology as both a space for ideological conflict and a redemptive tool to cure social ills.
In the second chapter I analyze how narratives about the democratizing and collaborative potential of wikis collide with the needs and practices of three Christian wikis. The three wikis--Theopedia, OrthodoxWiki, WikiChristian--are opinionated encyclopedias intended to simultaneously inform and persuade their viewers of each website's respective version of the Christian faith. Opinionated wiki writing complicates assumptions about what should be argued and who should be able to author thesiss. To respond to these complications, the Christian wikis emphasize two different types of ethotic appeals, what I coin "genesis-ethos" and "composed-ethos." Genesis-ethos refers to the rhetor's character outside of the text, whereas composed ethos refers to the textual representation of the rhetor's credibility. I argue that Christian wikis must rely on a combination of genesis and composed-ethos in order to manage a point-of-view argumentative wiki.
In the third chapter, I examine how dialogic web technologies have provided the Emergent Church with an opportunity to create an updated gospel narrative. I define and analyze this narrative with a kairotic lens, especially as defined by German theologian Paul Tillich. The leaders of the Emergent Church movement draw upon the ideas, language, and metaphors of post-Web 2.0 technologies to explain how Christianity can thrive in a 21st century world. Several Emergent Church writers recognize that traditional organized religion has become increasingly irrelevant in a culture that prioritizes decentralized decision making, networked organization, and the opinions of the laity alongside more authoritative voices (i.e. clergy, pastors, and church leaders). They view blogging tools, open source technology, and social networks as a way to convey Christianity to a frustrated audience of Christians and non-believers.
In the fourth chapter, I speculate on the collaborative possibilities of video-sharing sites, such as YouTube. Even though technologists and compositionists have reinforced a narrative of YouTube as a revolutionary collaborative tool, the website fails to foster intimacy between users. This lack of intimacy stultifies the potential for collaboration between video authors and viewers; in turn, the efforts of writing instructors to use YouTube have not yet taken full advantage of the site's possibilities. One alternative Christian video-sharing site, GodTube, has the potential to engage video authors and viewers in meaningful dialogue and a more intimate online atmosphere. Martin Buber's I-You and I-It relationships are used as a lens to describe the difference between the two video-sharing sites.
In the final chapter, I discuss how my research into online Christian rhetoric can be used in writing-intensive classes, especially composition courses. My argument about genesis-ethos applies to previous scholarship on wikis and procedural rhetoric; I speculate on how writing teachers can teach with wikis in new ways. Finally, the rhetoric of the Emergent Church offers an example for how scholars within the field Computers & Composition can articulate their values to students, faculty, and administrators outside of the field of English Studies. In the conclusion, I argue that the counterintuitive uses of these dialogic web tools opens up new imaginative opportunities for their use in the writing classroom.
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TUNG, Kwok Wah. "A study of the aesthetics of the Hong Kong built environment : architectural harmonisation versus urban incivility." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2014. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/vs_etd/7.
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The aim of the study is to evaluate the aesthetic qualities of the Hong Kong built environment. To this end, it adopts the framework of the philosophy of architecture in the analytic tradition as proposed by Roger Scruton in his classic The Aesthetics of Architecture, which was first published in 1979. Central to this framework is our aesthetic sense of appropriateness, which leads to a distinctive reading of architecture as an art of the ensemble. From this perspective, the chief architectural task is to establish right visual relations among the parts of a whole. Aesthetically, this results in the desirable aesthetic quality of unity in variety. Morally, the task reflects our nature as social beings, who aim at living peacefully with others. By offering a commonly held compositional pattern established through the execution of details, traditional Western and Chinese styles used to provide architects with the necessary equipment to carry out the task, so that they can fit buildings not in an individualistic manner, but with regard for the tastes of others, resulting in a harmonious and civil built environment. Against this background, the study first examines, and criticises, the prevalent modern and post-modern styles of the local built environment, by showing that they generally lack sufficient consideration for architectural harmonisation, and hence contribute greatly to the incivility of the local built environment. The study then extends its scope from the local context to China in search of an architectural style that is suited to the aesthetic task of harmonisation. The study finds that the Lingnan style established from the late nineteenth to early twentieth century in the Canton region embodies aesthetically significant principles enabling architectural harmonisation, which are rooted in the aesthetic sense and capacity of the region (to which Hong Kong belongs). It thus concludes that the Lingnan style could provide valuable resources for reflection on the establishment of architectural harmony, and hence serve as an important reference for local practices that aim to improve the built environment.
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Geraghty, Kathryn. "Colors of the Western Mining Frontier| Painted Finishes in Virginia City, Montana." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10599315.
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Virginia City once exemplified the cutting edge of culture and taste in the Rocky Mountain mining frontier. Weathering economic downturns, mining booms and busts, and the loss of the territorial capital to Helena, Virginia City survives today as a heritage tourism site with a substantial building stock from its period of significance, 1863-1875. However, the poor physical condition and interpretation of the town offers tourists an inauthentic experience. Without paint analysis, the Montana Heritage Commission, state-appointed caretakers of Virginia City cannot engage in rehabilitation. As of 2017, no published architectural finishes research exists that provides comparative case studies for the Anglo-American settlement of the American West between 1840-1880, for American industrial landscapes, or for vernacular architecture in Montana. This thesis offers a case study of five buildings to add to the body of scholarly architectural finishes research, provide rehabilitation recommendations, and provide a published, baseline study for future research.
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Shabandar, Mahmoud M. "Clients and consultants in less-industrialised countries : architectural and planning consultancies in Iraq." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277159.
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Brösamle, Martin [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Hölscher. "Sketches of wayfinding design : : empirical studies of architectural design processes = Skizzen eines orientierungsfreundlichen Entwurfs : empirische Studien zu architektonischen Entwurfsprozessen." Freiburg : Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/112347916X/34.
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Gaboury, Matthew. "Upgrading Design: A Mechatronic Investigation into the Architectural Product Market." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1637.
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It was first stated 200 years ago, and reiterated numerous times since, that "architecture is frozen music". While this romantic analogy sufficiently satisfies many in the realm of architecture, it actually is a sad way of defining an idea so inherently lively. Goethe's quote conjures up the notion of a world that is silent, one in which we can see the notes but never hear the music because we are trapped by stasis in time. Like the note admired on a piece of paper, architecture in this world is static regardless of the changing conditions around it.
What if the "frozen" part could be removed from this concept, and the element of time could play an active role in the built environment? An architecture that can exist in a sense of time is one in which the musical note can be played. Through the ability to change with time and be changed by time architecture can directly respond to its inhabitants, environment, and contextual factors. A rich melody of interaction can then be initiated in which the built world can talk back.
Naturally, the first point of this contact would be the building's facade, and it is here that there is the greatest opportunity to reach the largest audience. The outer "face" of a building has always been a feature of significance for both designer and customer. For centuries the ornamental features of a building were what distinguished its purpose and place in society. From the elaborite pediments of the Greeks to the inticatly carved reliefs of the Itailians, the ornament of a structure told a static story about the creators and inhabitants of the structure. Now, the technology is available to make this aspect of architecture talk to us by becoming a dymanic, interactive, and kinetic component.
In order for this facade system to transcend the boundries of conventional architecture it must utilize precocious architectural means, methods, and materials. These new communication systems include, but are not limited to, touch, light, sound, and electromagnictic fields. As any of these stimuli are precieved by the facade, it can have the ability to react proportional to the input. Esentially, the facade system will be able to customize itself depending on the conditions presented. Similar to a computer operating system, the new facade will provide a generic mass producible platform that can be individualized by it user. The users of this system may be the architect, client, occupant, viewer, environment, regional context, technologic connection, or global community, depending on the specific installation. And most importantly, both the user and the facade have the capacity to be changed or altered at any time, meaning that the fundamental characteristics of the project will never be frozen. In this manner, the new architectural ornament will go beyond the static nature of its predecessors and become one that the viewer can actively communicate with.
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Birk, Klaus. "Building experiences : a reflective design process for media architecture." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2017. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/12392/.
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Media Architecture design, although visually prominent and involving interdisciplinary collaboration, rarely succeeds in creating urban situations of contextual relevance beyond temporary effects. This research understands Media Architecture as a communication medium and proposes the need to engage with its multi-stakeholder audience from early on in the conceptual design stage. This practice-led design research presents a broad critical investigation into the emerging field of Media Architecture (Jaschko & Sauter 2006; Foth 2008; Haeusler 2009) spanning conceptions of media space, experience, participation and design as discourse (Scollon & Scollon 2003; Fatah gen. Schieck 2006). Its findings contribute a new perspective on Media Architecture as experiential visual design process, based on an analysis of design methods, principles of participatory design and reflection, as well as an overview and classification of Media Architecture practice. Following a related literature review, the thesis identified experiential learning and the notion of troublesome knowledge (Meyer & Land 2003; Perkins 1999) as a distinguishable new perspective on design for Media Architecture. By connecting exploratory and generative design research tools (i.e., interviews, collaborative expert workshops, visual prototyping) with theoretical constructs of learning theory (Schön 1983; Kolb 1983), experience (McCarthy & Wright 2004) and ownership in urban design (McDonnell 2009; Townsend 2013; Lange & Waal 2013), this thesis developed an experimental design methodology for stakeholder involvement in Media Architecture. An iterative review and reflection process led to methods evolving from initial research tools for analysis to self-reflective design process outcomes. The findings of this study were used to create the Media Architecture Archive (MAA), a digital participatory database using a comprehensive classification system of Media Architecture practice. It is complemented by an experiential method framework based on visual design for contextual research, envisioning and prototyping in Media Architecture. Thus, the research contributes a novel approach to visual communication in Media Architecture, by applying visual design to encourage stakeholder involvement, discourse and reflection at early stages in the design process. The self-reflective structure of the study contributes to our knowledge of how practice-led learning processes applied through visual communication can serve as an extension of the Media Architecture experience as both process and outcome.
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Bennetts, Helen. "Environmental issues and house design in Australia : images from theory and practice /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb472.pdf.
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Pan, Yue M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Optimal subsidy policy to promote building energy efficiency under uncertainty : the case for architectural design subsidies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105059.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).
The goal of this thesis is to examine the relative cost-effectiveness of subsidies in incentivizing energy efficiency investment using a real option framework. I generalize a model of a sequential investment project involving two stages, design and construction stage, and investment lags and incorporate explicit consideration of dynamic subsidies. I apply this model to green construction projects and study how design subsidies and rent subsidies incentivizes investment in green buildings. My research questions address the impact of subsidies on the trigger prices for the two stages as well as that on the instantaneous project value. Although both design and rent subsidies can reduce trigger prices and enhance project value, design subsidies cost less both in reducing the first-stage trigger to a certain threshold and in inducing firms to switch from inefficient projects to efficient ones. Lastly, I evaluate the comparative statics of investment, showing how the patterns of lags and demand uncertainty affect the effectiveness of both subsidies. A noteworthy result is that quality switching from an inefficient project to an green alternative is more likely to occur when the uncertainty is smaller or the length of the construction stage is shorter.
by Yue Pan.
M.C.P.
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Carter, Francis. "Fractured pedagogy : the design and implementation fault line in architectural knowledge : a conceptual and historical analysis." Master's thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31640.
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There appears to be a gap in architectural knowledge between design theory and implementation practice which is difficult to bridge in teaching, learning and work. As evidence of the existence of this gap two sources of data are contrasted: exhibition catalogues which convey what individual architects say to each other about their work, and official reports which convey what institutional representatives of the organised profession say about failures in the work of architects. These data sets are contradictory, reinforcing the possibility of a fault-line between design knowledge and implementation. The question then arises as to whether this tension in professional knowledge in the field of production is reflected in the pedagogisation of the knowledge, reinforced through its transmission. As the architectural curriculum in Commonwealth countries has a generic format, this generic curriculum is analysed next, in terms of Bernstein's concepts of classification/ framing, and integration I collection. The analysis is ambiguous, as both strong and weak criteria co-exist with dual coding, complicated by the horizontality and tacit nature of spatial design knowledge on the one hand, and the extent of regionalised knowledge on the other which recontextualises contradictory knowledge systems from sources in arts and sciences. Tacit implementation knowledge sits uncomfortably in this mix as a largely segmental horizontal discourse. To understand the default pattern in this pedagogy more clearly, the research then tracks back to the initial definition of the knowledge system at the time of the formation of the modern profession. In this analysis Bernstein's pedagogic device is used as the framework for locating and unraveling the historic data in terms of the production and recontextualisation of knowledge, distributive rules and power relations between agents. The history maps neatly onto this theoretical model, confirming in-built tensions in the knowledge system which marginalise knowledge of implementation and which construct a professional consciousness centered around spatial imagination primarily and technical innovation secondarily. The research is thus an initial attempt at a historical analysis of a region of professional knowledge.
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Sharif, Bonita. "Empirical Assessment of UML Class Diagram Layouts Based on Architectural Importance." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1271679781.
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Lee, Sanghun. "Technology and form : iron construction and transformation of architectural ideals in nineteenth century France, 1830-1889." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10575.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 317-339).
This dissertation investigates the transformation of architectural ideals brought about by the development of iron construction during the nineteenth century in France. The emergence of iron construction paralleled the crisis of neoclassicism, in which an ambiguous compromise between classical formal norms and modem science and technology was already manifest in the iron reinforced lintel. In the crisis of neoclassicism, iron, with its impact on both technological and formal aspects of architecture, emerged as a symbolic material to create a new style of modem architecture among utopians and rationalists. However, iron construction could not create a new style on its own; nor did there exist absolute formal aesthetic principles to impose on the construction. This is a fundamental dilemma of modem architecture, an inherent contradiction of bourgeois culture. Structural rationalists during the second half of the nineteenth century tried to resolve this contradiction by attempting to create a new style of architecture based on material and constructional rationality and reason. However, their inability to create a new style was finally proved in the last decade of the nineteenth century when the Art Nouveau exploitation of iron became a passion for individual fantasies, while engineers declared the triumph of their iron construction. Subsequent rationalists' change of the material signifier of architectural modernity from iron to reinforced concrete testified to the fundamental gap between technology and form, and the dilemma of bourgeois rationalism. Early twentieth century modernist historians rediscovered nineteenth century iron construction as a precursor of modem architecture, constructing an evolutionary history of modem architecture based on the rationalist constructive tradition, from iron construction to reinforced concrete architecture. However, their "discovery" of iron construction was purely an aesthetic invention of the twentieth century based on modernist avant garde aesthetics. Behind their apparent reconciliation of modem technology and architecture lay the aestheticization of material and construction, and the subjectivization of architecture. Thus, this dissertation analyzes the displacement of architectural discourses on iron construction from an objective construction to a subjective aesthetics. This shift characterized the further development of modem architecture and its mode of existence in modem society in relation to the development of modem technology.
Sanghun Lee
Ph.D.
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Anderson, Christy Jo. "Inigo Jones's library and the language of architectural classicism in England, 1580-1640." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12670.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture and Planning, 1993.Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, leaves 330-351).
Inigo Jones's collection of books is a unique and early survival of an architect's annotated library. The combination of standard sixteenth century Italian and French editions of classics, mathematical and scientific treatises, and specialized architectural books, comprised the library of a professional whose approach to his field was based on an understanding of practical humanism and the study of antique precedent. The library is the starting point for an investigation of the relationship of humanist learning and the creation in England of a classical architectural vocabulary. The forty~s ix books record in Jones's marginal annotations to the text and plates his interpretation of continental architecture and textual exegesis. For Jones, books were a crucial resource for the study of classical architecture as practiced in continental Europe; and necessary for an understanding of the intellectual precepts inherent in that architectural vocabulary. Jones's architectural self~education reflected and repeated the desire by patrons for a visible document of their humanist learning and aspirations. From the evidence of the marginal annotations by Jones, I discuss three central themes of the shift in architectural style in England during the period 1580 to 1640: the role of reading as an essential professional skill for the architect and its mnemonic function in design method; the use and significance of the orders as a system for representing ideas of personal and public decorum and learning; and Jones's use of the methods and resources of English antiquarians in his study of ancient architectural precedent. Each of these themes are located within the cultural and intellectual history of Renaissance England. The descriptive language created for architecture, and the images used to encourage its study, was the language of education and classical learning, and specifically, the language of books. The appropriation by Jones and his patrons of the Vitruvian notion of decorum- the distinction between the exterior of a building and its internal distribution- formed a central tenet of English classicism, in Jones's terms the creation of an architecture "masculine and unaffected." The library of Inigo Jones represented one of the architect's essential professional tools, a repository of ideas and models which could serve as an ever present resource and comparable to other professional collections created by those seeking advancement within the late Tudor and early Stuart court. An annotated and descriptive bibliography of the surviving volumes, and further likely titles, attests to Jones's wide~ranging interests and design acumen.
by Christy Jo Anderson.
Ph.D.
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Racca, Joseph D. "“Experiments of Nature”: Structure-Function Studies of an Architectural Transcription Factor: Application to Male Sex Determination." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1449583946.
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Ferreira, da Rocha e. Silva Ana Beatriz. "Spectacular architecture, identity crisis, cultural politics and the reinvention of the significance of museums of modern art." Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2011. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/5645/.
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Much of the available literature on the impact of the architecture of museums of modern art has centred upon the 'spectacularity' of such structures and the regeneration effect on sites and/or cities triggered by their presence, often highlighting their agency in promoting mass tourist activity. However, apart from these widely debated facts, more complex circumstances regarding major shifts in the socio-cultural and political arenas may have influenced the identity, conception, design and implementation of these architectural structures within cityscapes and urban fabrics - circumstances which are often overlooked. Considering this complex contextual frameset, this work concentrates on a specific period of time, indicating the substantial renovation cities have been through since the industrialisation-boom of the 1950s, and ponders the relation between these physical and symbolic transformations and the consequences of this 'modernisation' process in the social-cultural panorama. Albeit assumed as a preponderant factor in cities' 'modernising' policies, this research does not aim to map the most significant or to construct a historiography of modern art museums. The objective is to discuss whether this 'modernisation' process is related to the transformations in the scope, form, function and identity of modern art museums in the last 60 years or so, highlighting the implications of the phenomenon that glorifies these architectural structures per se. But to what extent, or in what sense, has the set of socio-cultural transformations seen since the 1950s conceptually/concretely affected the architecture of museums of modern art? How did this particularly elitist building type emerge as such powerful element in both politico-economic and socio-cultural terms, becoming a major agent in transforming cities' identities since the 1990s? The Museu de Arte Moderna, Rio de Janeiro (Affonso Eduardo Reidy, 1953-1967); the Centre de Culture et d'Art Georges Pompidou, Paris (Renzo Piano & Richard Rogers Architects, 1970-1977) and the TATE Modern, London (Jacques Herzog & Pierre de Meuron, 1994-2000) were selected to illustrate these transformations. In fact, this work discusses these museums' relevance as architectural objects ; analyses whether they have contributed (or not) to set up a new agenda for modern art museums; and investigates if these (conceptual/concrete) transformations have corresponded (or not) to major shifts in paradigms in the arts, in social-cultural trends and in the architectural practice and thinking within the period.
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Terry, Jason. "Incorporating mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems into historic preservation projects : three case studies." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/803.
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Bentel, Paul. "Modernism and professionalism in American architecture, 1919-1933." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12561.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in Architecture and Environmental Studies)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1993.Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 371-395).
This dissertation examines the dominant conventions of architectural practice in the United States between 1919 and 1933. It proceeds from two assumptions: first, that by the 1900s, both the American Institute of Architects (AlA) and the numerous professional journals available to architects across the country solidified the profession nationally and yielded a coherent field within which practitioners could debate the content of their professional service; second, that within the context of its national discourse, the architecture profession drew inspiration for its effort to identify a social function for itself from the White City Movement which forged a link between the architect and a national political, industrial and cultural leadership drawn together by American Progressivism. The study focuses on the period following the demise of the White City Movement during which American architects cast off their allegiance to its traditional aesthetic formulae but retained the aspiration to associate themselves and their work with prevailing trends in a national political and social milieu. It demonstrates that in their efforts to redefine the terms of their professional service, American architects invoked the popular terminology of Scientific Management, Technocracy, Fordism, and the nostrums of the 'New Era' and promised 'efficiency' in their work and in the industries they presumed to manage. It reveals that within these efforts of professional redefinition, the professional ideology supporting the architect's aspirations for work converged with a modernist idealism espousing the value of technical expertise as a medium of social emancipation and progress. By giving evidence of a widespread and indigenous modernism that perceived a social benefit in the architect's capacity to utilize industrial technology, this project amends the dominant historical view which attributes the re-emergence of an American Modem Movement in the 1930s to the 'diaspora' of European artists and intellectuals before to WW II. This study has two parts. In Part One, it examines first the canons of Beaux-Arts Classicism and their gradual dissolution after World War I under the pressure of criticism from writers such as Ralph Adams Cram, Louis Sullivan and Lewis Mumford and through the work of the AlA's PostWar Committee; and second, the institutional structure of the AlA and its organizational ideologies in the 1920s. In Part Two, it looks more closely at the evolving conventions of professional service, demonstrating that American architects reached a consensus about the necessity of a 'new' architecture which identified itself in three areas: first, in its rejection of the Beaux-Arts method of interpreting a building program through a stylistic rendition of its social 'character' in favor of design strategies that maximized usable space; second, in its abandonment of the visual paradigm of the White City in favor of the expansionist rhetoric of Regional Planning; and third, in its disavowal of stylistic conventions based on historical precedent in favor of styles that both demonstrated a discontinuity with the past and celebrated an evolving consumerist 'utopia' populated by industrial commodities.
by Paul Louis Bentel.
Ph.D.
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Fuller, Napier Sandford. "MapNexus : a framework to derive human intent from architectural space to enable context-aware information exchanges in a wireless intranet." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34559.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-60).
Architectural interior spaces provide a rich syntax for context-aware modeling. In a wireless wide area network (WAN), an urban environment can be geographically tessellated into a series of polygons reflecting the radio transmission range of each wireless access point (AP). By using these APs as spatial aggregation units in a relational database, logical assumptions about short-term behavioral patterns can be modelled; this paper describes a method to capture, encode, and interpret context-aware cues. These cues are then utilized by an intranet web server to produce context-aware output, information that fits the client's short-term activity landscape and intentions. The method does not require any special client-side software and preserves the user's anonymity as it derives the client's physical location implicitly. Such a framework permits a new type of context-aware web interaction based upon the logical "common sense" patterns that are specific to architectural interior spaces at a given time.
by Napier Sandford Fuller.
S.M.
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Mills, Glen Trevor. "The social meaning of domestic space : notes on a suitable research methodology for southern African architectural studies." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 1986. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/32001.
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The thesis is primarily a proposal for a research methodology. Its concern is with the analysis of southern African domestic architecture, which, it is argued, has become separated from the study of social systems and human behaviour. It is suggested that architectural research needs to be grounded in a coherent theoretical framework of a sociological nature if the meaning of buildings in society is to be adequately understood. By combing Bill Hillier et al.' s theory of ' space syntax' with Anthony Giddens ' theory of ' structuration' , a set of concepts and techniques for the study of domestic architecture is formulated. This model is demonstrated using two dwellings in the Cape Town metropolitan area. The emphasis throughout is with understanding systematically how spatial design is integrated with the wider aspects of domestic social life. To reach this understanding, a major theme in southern African architectural studies is examined. This relates to a persistent categorisation, based on formal and functional criteria, of African architecture as 'traditional' , against which is counterposed the more modern or 'designed' architecture of western cultures. As such, two approaches to the study of African architecture on the sub-continent are identified. On the one hand there are those writings that study aspects of built form by focusing on stylistic and technological details. On the other, the emphasis is on the function of buildings, focusing mostly on the non-physical principles of social organisation. Both approaches have as their objective the explication of the social meaning of built form, and each generally excludes the subject and approach of the other. The view adopted in this investigation is that each form of analysis on its own is inadequate. Theories of form and theories of function must, it is argued, necessarily incorporate each other if a rounded and systematic analysis of meaning is to take place. The problem for research is thus one of establishing an adequate methodological basis for understanding in theory that which is materially realised in built form already, namely the integration of society and space. The concern ill this dissertation is consequently with an attempt to answer two seemingly simple questions: How do buildings affect behaviour and activity patterns? and, how do interactions among people affect the form of buildings? By integrating the methodological and descriptive procedures in space syntax with the interpretive framework for social system analysis in structuration theory, an attempt is made to provide sane answers to these questions and thereby to contribute towards a non-functionalist theory of architecture. The conclusions are firstly that the pervasive distinction between 'traditional' and 'modern' architecture is unnecessary and misleading. Secondly, theoretical aspects of both syntax and structuration are identified that may be useful to the development of both.
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Blazer, Mark A. "Architectural strategies in reducing heat gain in the sub-tropical urban heat island." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002781.
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