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Yusof, Mohd Sallehuddin Bin. "Printing fine solid lines in flexographic printing process." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595794.
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Solid lines are essential to enable printing of conducting tracks for various electronic applications. In the flexographic printing process, the behaviour of the printing plate plays a vital role in how ink is printed onto the substrate as it deforms when passing through the printing nip. This deformation is dependent on the material properties of the plate, the geometry of the lines and the pressure within the printing nip. These will influence the printed track width and the ink film thickness, which will affect the electrical performance of the printed conductors. This thesis will focus on experiments on Flexographic printing capabilities in printing ultra fine solid lines. The development of a measurement technique which leads to successfully capturing the printing plate line geometry details through the application of interferometry techniques, will be demonstrated. This information is used in a Finite Element models to predict the deformation and consequent increase in line width using both a linear and non linear material models, the latter being based on a hyperelastic representation. A series of experiments on a bench top printer and a web press machine to determine the capabilities and the limitation of the Flexographic printing process in printing fine solid is also presented. Through the experiments conducted the link between the IGT -Fl printer and an industrial scale web press machine has been established where the success in study on certain printing parameters and its affects lead to a successful prints of 50llm line width with 50llm line gaps. The experiments also point the importance of light engagement pressures within the printing train and the requirements for using ani lox cylinders having fine engraving. The work also shows than process parameters (e.g. contact pressures) that are important for graphics printing have a similar effect when the processes is used to print fine line features.
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Mrad, Mona. "Transfer Printing and Cellulose Based substrates for modern Textile Printing." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159745.
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Digital printing technology is a technique that has been growing since the 1990s and has a high growth potential when it comes to using different ink types and transfer printing techniques. In comparison to screen printing, digital transfer printing techniques have shown to consume less ink and water and are therefore considered to be a more environmentally friendly alternative for textile printing. Therefore, a digital printing technique called sublimation transfer printing was studied in this thesis. In a sublimation transfer printing process, an image is printed on a paper and then the image is transferred to a textile by using heat and pressure. Suitable coating of the paper surface has shown to improve the printing properties on the paper and therefore the paper samples used in the thesis were coated with three different coating formulas. The coating formulas used in this thesis were polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) of a type A, PVOH A with ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and PVOH type B with GCC. PVOH A has a higher degree of hydrolysis than PVOH B. Results showed that there was no significant difference between optical densities between textiles and paper samples of different coat weights and coating formulas. The colour bleeding and colour penetration decreased in the printed paper samples for PVOH A + GCC and PVOH B + GCC when the coat weight increased, and the porosity of the coating decreased to some extent. As a conclusion, paper samples coated with PVOH A + GCC with coat weights above 15 g/m2 showed to give the best properties since the colour bleeding was minimal in those printed coated paper samples.
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Seluga, Kristopher J. (Kristopher Joseph) 1978. "Three dimensional printing by vector printing of fine metal powders." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85726.
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Kjellman, Jacob. "Towards omnimaterial printing : Expanding the material palette of acoustophoretic printing." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-251006.
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Dropp-genereringstekniker är viktiga för industrier som läkemedelsindustrin, livsmedelsindustrin, kosmetikindustrin etc. Traditionella droppgenereringstekniker är dock begränsade i mängden av material som kan processas till droppform. Ett exempel inkjet som är en väletablerad teknik för att generera droppar med hög hastighet (1-10 kHz) och precision (10-20 μm), men kan bara stöta ut vätskor med låga viskositet, ungefär 10-100 gånger viskositeten av vattnet. Akustophoretisk utskrift motiv är att övervinna denna materialbegränsning och har framgångsrikt avkopplat dropputstötning från bläckviskositet. Metoden utnyttjar ickelinjära akustiska krafter för att skriva ut en stor mängd av material med hög kontroll, med viskositet som sträcker sig över fyra storleksordningar (0,5 mPa · s till 25 000 mPa · s). Emellertid är utstötningen baserad på bildandet av en hängande droppe, och i den aktuella prototypen begränsas materialpaletten av akustophoretisk utskrift genom sprider sig över munstycket, vilket begränsar den minsta tillåtnas ytspänningen till ungefär 60 mN / m. I detta arbete införs en munstycksbeläggningsteknik för att expandera mängden av utskrivbara material, med tillåtna ytspänningar så låga som 25 mN / m. Genom att utnyttja generera nanostrukturer med låg ytenergi på munstyckspetsen, tillverkas superavstötande beläggning. Grunden för nanostrukturerna genererades med hjälp av sot från ett paraffin-vaxljus. Ett robust tillverkningsprotokoll har etablerats, och beläggningen fysikaliska egenskaper och prestanda har karaktäriserats. Tre nya tillämpningsområden undersöktes, vilket demonstrerade noviteten hos denna nya metod. Detta arbete banar vägen för en ny uppsättning material som ska behandlas i en droppe-per droppe metodik.Droplet generation techniques are essential for industries such as the pharmaceutical, food industry, cosmetic industry, etc. However, traditional droplet generation techniques are limited in the palette of materials that can processed in a droplet form. For example, inkjet which is a well-established technology to generate droplets of high speed (1-10 kHz) and precision (10-20 μm), but can only eject fluids with low viscosities, roughly 10-100 folds the one of water. Acoustophoretic printing aims to overcome this material limitation and have successfully decoupled droplet ejection from ink viscosity. The method harnesses nonlinear acoustic forces to print a wide range of materials on demand, spanning over four orders of magnitudes (0.5 mPa·sto 25,000 mPa·s). However, the ejection is based on the formation of a pendant drop, and in the current prototype, the material palette of acoustophoretic printing is limited by nozzle wetting, limiting the allowable minimum surface tension to about 60 mN/m. In this work, a nozzle coating technique is introduced in order to expand the material window by processing fluid with a surface tension as low as 25 mN/m. By leveraging self-assembling of nanostructures on the nozzle tip, superamphiphobic coating is successfully manufactured by using a candle soot template.A robust manufacturing protocol has been established, and the coating characterized in its physics and performance.
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Jones, Jason Blair. "Investigation of laser printing for 3D printing and additive manufacturing." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59733/.
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Additive Manufacturing (AM), popularly called “3D printing,” has benefited from many two-dimensional (2D) printing technology developments, but has yet to fully exploit the potential of digital printing techniques. The very essence of AM is accurately forming individual layers and laminating them together. One of the best commercially proven methods for forming complex powder layers is laser printing, which has yet to be used to directly print three-dimensional (3D) objects above the microscale, despite significant endeavour. The core discovery of this PhD is that the electrostatic charge on toner particles, which enables the digital material patterning capabilities of 2D laser printing/photocopying, is disabling for building defect-free 3D objects after the manner attempted to date. Toner charge is not mostly neutralized with fusing as previously assumed. This work characterizes and substantiates the accumulation of residual toner charge as a primary cause for defects arising in 3D printed bodies. Next, various means are assessed to manage and neutralize residual toner charge. Finally, the complementary implementation of charge neutralization with electrostatic transfer methods is explored.
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Greenland, Maureen. "Compound-plate printing." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318586.
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Jackson, Herman Lee. "Peephole pretty printing /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Gladman, Amelia Sydney. "Biomimetic 4D Printing." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493522.
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Advances in the design of adaptive matter capable of programmable, environmentally-responsive changes in shape would enable myriad applications including smart textiles, scaffolds for tissue engineering, and smart machines. 4D printing is an emerging approach in which 3D objects are produced whose shape changes over time. Initial demonstrations have relied on commercial 3D printers and proprietary materials, which limits both the tunability and mechanisms that can be incorporated into the printed architectures.
My Ph.D. thesis focuses on a new 4D printing method, which is inspired by the movements or natural plants. Specifically, we encode swelling and elastic anisotropy in printed hydrogel composites through the alignment of stiff cellulose fibrils on-the-fly during printing. Filler alignment parallel to the print path leads to enhanced stiffness in that direction; hence, upon immersion in water, the printed filaments expand preferentially in the direction orthogonal to the printing path. When structures are patterned with broken-symmetry, i.e., as bilayers, their anisotropic swelling leads to programmable out-of-plane deformation, determined by the orientation of printed filaments. We have demonstrated complex changes in curvature including bending, twisting, ruffling, conical defects, and more, all using a single hydrogel-based ink printed in a single step. We have demonstrated the ability to precisely control curvature by varying the actual and the effective thickness, the latter of which is governed by the interfilament spacing within the printed architectures. With collaborators, a model has been developed for solving both the forward and inverse design problems, based on an adaptation of the classic Timoshenko bending theory, allowing us to create nearly arbitrary structures.
Our filled hydrogel ink is modular, allowing a broad range of hydrogel chemistries and anisotropic filler compositions to be explored. For example, both reversible and non-reversible hydrogels were explored; namely poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) and poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm), respectively. Additionally, light-absorbing carbon microfibers were incorporated to demonstrate reversible, multi-stimuli responsive 4D printing. In this case, reversible shape changes were encoded via 4D printing and then triggered either by heating PNIPAm or illuminating the printed architectures with a near IR laser.
In summary, this biomimetic 4D printing platform enables the design and fabrication of complex, reversible shape changing architectures printed with one composite hydrogel ink in a single step. These biocompatible shape-shifting architectures with interesting mechanical and photothermal properties may find applications in smart textiles, tissue microgrippers or scaffolds, or as actuators and sensors in soft machines.Engineering and Applied Sciences - Engineering Sciences
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Lindén, Marcus. "Merging Electrohydrodynamic Printing and Electrochemistry : Sub-micronscale 3D-printing of Metals." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-330958.
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Additive manufacturing (AM) is currently on the verge of redefining the way we produce and manufacture things. AM encompasses many technologies and subsets, which are all joint by a common denominator; they build three dimensional (3D) objects by adding materials layer-upon-layer. This family of methods can do so, whether the material is plastic, concrete, metallic or living cells which can function as organs. AM manufacturing at the micro scale introduces new capabilities for the AM family that has been proven difficult to achieve with established AM methods at the macro scale. Electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet or EHD jet) printing is a micro AM technique which has the ability to print at high resolution and speed by exploiting physical phenomena to generate droplets using the means of an electric field. However, when printing metallic materials, this method requires nanoparticles for deposition. To obtain a stable structure the material needs to be sintered, after which the deposited material is left with a porous structure. In contrary, electrochemical methods using the well-known deposition mechanism of electroplating, can deposit dense and pure structures with the downside of slow deposition. In this thesis, a new method is proposed to micro additive manufacturing by merging an already existing technology EHD with simple electrochemistry. By doing so, we demonstrate that it is possible to print metallic structures at the micro- and nanoscale with high speeds, without the need for presynthesized nanoparticles. To achieve this, a printing setup was designed and built. Using a sacrificial wire and the solvent acetonitrile, metallic building blocks such as lines, pillars and other geometric features could be printed in copper, silver, and gold with a minimum feature size of 200 nm. A voltage dependence was found for porosity, where the densest pillars were printed at 135-150 V and the most porous at 260 V. The maximum experimental deposition speed measured up to 4.1 µm · s−1 at 220 V. Faraday’s law of electrolysis could be used to predict the experimental deposition speed at a potential of 190 V with vexp = 1.8 µm · s−1 and vtheory = 0.8 µm · s−1. The microstructure of the pillars could be improved through lowering the applied voltage. In addition, given that Faraday’s law of electrolysis could predict experimental depositions speeds well, it gives further proof to reduction being the mechanism of deposition.
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Chijioke, Akobuije (Akobuije Douglas Eziani) 1974. "A three-dimensional printing machine to facilitate observation of printing phenomena." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9106.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 156).
The understanding of binder-powder interaction during the Three Dimensional Printing process is critical to improving the characteristics of parts produced by this process. The ability to observe the binder-powder interaction taking place could aid its investigation greatly. In the case of Three Dimensional Printing of fine ceramics, in which powderbeds are deposited as a liquid slurry before printing with a binder is done, the deposition of the powderbed itself is a part of the process the investigation of which could benefit from convenient automated image acquisition. Such observation requires flexible imaging capabilities of a nature that cannot easily be realized by using attachments to existing Three Dimensional Printing machines. This motivated the design and construction of a specialized imaging-oriented Three Dimensional Printing machine, the droplet impact observation station, which this thesis documents. The requirements of the machine are presented, the realized design and operation of the machined described, the results of initial tests of operation presented and areas for further work and improvement outlined. The droplet impact observation station constructed moves a carriage back and forth over a travel of up to 46.5 inches, at speeds of up to 2 mis with a total velocity ripple of approximately 0.007 mis. In the station's primary mode of operation, the moving carriage transports a powderbed, while the printhead remains stationary. Tests in which strobe illuminated images of crosshairs mounted on the moving carriage were obtained have demonstrated the ability to time a strobe flash to within +/- 1-2 microns. Strobe illuminated images of continuous-jetted droplets produced by the observation station have been obtained.
by Akobuije Chijioke.
S.M.
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Arbrim, Ferati. "3D printing with pellets and smart monitoring of the printing process." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för företagande, innovation och hållbarhet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44696.
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Additive manufacturing (AM) is a set of different techniques which use layer by layer deposition principle to join material together and manufacture three-dimensional objects from a CAD file. One of the most known and popular techniques within AM is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Generally, the FDM process starts with a feedstock of filament which is pushed through an extruder head, which liquefies the filament and deposits it down on the print bed according to a specific pattern specified by the CAD file. This technique has found great success within the industry and has been adopted by many companies across many different applications such as automotive, aerospace and medical for rapid prototyping. The disadvantage with filaments is that the diameter tolerances are quite small which makes it expensive and difficult to manufacture. Another problem with 3D printing is the waste of money and time due to failed prints, both in the industry but also with private users. This is a result of not having a monitoring system that overwatches the printing process and stops the print when it detects defects, as the user usually does not stand by the printer and watch the whole process. The main aim of this study is to modify a desktop 3D printer to suit and install a pellet extruder and to investigate the feasibility of process monitoring for desktop printers. To evaluate the printability of the pellet extruder, tensile test artifacts are printed with PLA 4043D and TPE_S16300C in two different raster orientations and three different layer thicknesses, further, the influence of raster orientation and layer thickness on ultimate tensile strength is evaluated. Raster orientation refers to the different directions of the individual bead paths within a layer and layer thickness refers to the height of each layer that is deposited along the Z-axis. In this study, the pellet extruder was successfully installed on the Sovol SV01 printer. The open-source process monitoring system called the spaghetti detective was used during the experiments to monitor the 3D printing process. It uses a failure detection system (AI) to detect defects and automatically stop a print if defects are detected and alert the user via email or text. The tensile test artifacts were only printed with TPE_SE16300C and due to limitations in the pellet extruder, it is observed that tensile test samples were difficult to 3D print with PLA4043D. Regardless of the layer thickness, the 45°/-45° raster orientation produced a slightly higher ultimate tensile strength than the 0°/90° raster orientation. As for the influence of layer thickness on ultimate tensile strength, the increase of layer thickness in the 0°/90° raster orientation led to a decrease in ultimate tensile strength. In the 45°/-45° raster orientation no clear conclusion could be made as the differences were insignificant.
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Gante, Lokesha Renukaradhya Karthikesh. "Metal Filament 3D Printing of SS316L : Focusing on the printing process." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259686.
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As a cutting edge manufacturing methodology, 3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) brings much more attention to the fabrication of complex structure, especially in the manufacturing of metal parts.A number of various metal AM techniques have been studied and commercialized. However, most of them are expensive and less available, in comparison with Selective Laser Melting manufactured stainless steel 316L component.The purpose of this Master Thesis is to introduce an innovative AM technique which focuses on material extrusion-based 3D printing process for creating a Stainless Steel 316L part using a metal-polymer composite filament. The Stainless Steel test specimen was printed using an Fused Deposition Modelling based 3D printer loaded with a metal infused filament, followed by industrial standard debinding and sintering process. Investigation was performed on the specimen to understand the material properties and their behaviour during the postprocessing method. In addition effects of debinding, sintering and comparison of the test Specimen before and after debinding stages was also carried out. Metal polymer filaments for 3D printing could be an alternative way of making metal AM parts.Som en avancerad tillverkningsmetodik ger 3D-printing eller additiv tillverkning (AM) mycket mer uppmärksamhet vid tillverkning av komplex struktur, särskilt vid tillverkning av metallkomponenter. Ett antal olika AM-tekniker vid tillverkningen av olika typer av metallkomponenter har studerats och kommersialiserats.De flesta av dessa AM-tekniker är dyra och mindre tillgängliga, i jämförelse med Selective Laser Melting vid tillverkningen av en komponent i rostfritt stål 316L. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att introducera en innovativ AM-teknik som fokuserar på materialsträngsprutningsbaserad 3D-printingprocess för att skapa ekomponent i rostfritt stål 316Lkomponent med ett metallpolymerkompositfilament. Ett prov bestående av rostfritt stål skrevs ut med en FDM-baserad 3D-skrivare laddad med filament av polymer och metal, följt av industriell avdrivnings-och sintringsprocess. Provet studerades för att förstå materialegenskaperna och dess beteende under efterbehandlingsmetoden. Dessutom genomfördes också resultat från avdrivning och sintring på provet och en jämförelse av provet före och efter avdrivnlngssteget. Metallpolymertrådar för 3D-printing kan vara ett alternativt sätt att tillverka AM-metallkomponenter.
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Al-Chami, Hussein. "Inkjet printing of transducers." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28260.
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In the past few years, inkjet printing has been emerging as a cost effective, environment friendly, net-shape microfabrication technique. This non-contact deposition technique facilitated the deposition of metallic and polymeric inks, biological proteins, and cells. The present work investigates the inkjet printing of microtransducers, with a focus on stress-sensing and movable microstructures. Piezoresistive and interdigitated capacitor based strain gauges were printed and tested. The inexpensive conductive polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) oxidized with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), was used as base material. We have performed measurements on several test structures to show that PEDOT:PSS does preserve its piezoresistive properties after printing. As we were relying further on PEDOT:PSS as a base material for printed transducers, the mechanical and electrical properties of this commercially available ink were comprehensively investigated. A dedicated experimental setup, which was used for the mechanical and electrical characterization of test structures, and micro-topography measurements were combined in order to extract the parameters of the PEDOT:PSS thin film: a zero-stress electrical conductivity of G=201 S/cm and gauge factor of 3.63. The longitudinal and transversal piezoresistive coefficients were estimated to be, [formula omitted] and [formula omitted] respectively, which denote a piezoresistive material in a similar range of piezoresistivity as n-doped silicon and conventionally fabricated PEDOT:PSS. A second explored direction was using inkjet microprinting technology for the fabrication of movable microstructures. An inkjet-printed CMUT (capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer) was the target device, using ZnO as sacrificial layer and PEDOT:PSS as structural layer. The printed ZnO sacrificial layer was too rough, non-uniform and with a high porosity, so that printing a conductive membrane on top of it was unsuccessful. An alternative solution approach used kapton tape, a polyimide, as movable membrane; experimental characterization has shown that the structure is not properly clamped along its rim, yielding a vibraion at a frequency of 1.1 KHz, when actuated, compared to a resonant frequency of 9.3 KHz achieved by finite element analysis of the CMUT structure. The approach shows enough promise for further investigations, along directions suggested at the end of the thesis.
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Failor, Brian Jay. "Xerographic printing of textiles." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/9482.
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Seerden, Kitty A. M. "Inkjet printing of ceramics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393981.
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Casbarro, Shaun M. "Experimental digital printing methods." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265100.
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Computer prints have long been viewed as final products. All the work was traditionally completed on the computer then printed as final output, without alteration or adaptation. Unlike other forms of fine arts printing (photo or printmaking) there are no chemical alterations or multiple printing procedures. I have used this exploration to experiment with numerous approaches to digital printing. Several artists have inspired my work, both in approach and technique. Those artists include Robert Rauschenberg, David Hockney, and Man Ray. This creative project is both an experiment in creative printing techniques and the aesthetic creation of experimental works of digital art.The purpose of this project is to explore and experiment with techniques and practices that will push my own digital work to new levels, and open areas of further study for myself and other digital artists.Department of Art
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Whitehouse, Louise Elizabeth. "Inkjet printing for biosensors." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.396947.
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Lizardo, Daniel (Daniel H. ). "Printing a glass ecology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119087.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 86-90).
In this thesis, I explore relationships between form generation, material properties, and design constraints in search of a new framework for designing with unpredictable or unstable material systems using glass 3D printing as a case study. Molten glass forming has always been difficult to accurately predict or model, but also offers a high degree of geometric complexity or hierarchy through organic formations. Top-down design approaches to material tunability and control are enabled by new digital fabrication tools and technologies that offer some of most successful attempts to design at scales approaching that of nature [38] [20]. Bottom-up, material-driven systems design functionality, itself, around organically formed structures to challenge our perspective of designing for utility, and how to define that utility [18]. The glass 3D printer, developed by The Mediated Matter Group in collaboration with the MIT Glass Lab, has been an important case study long in the making. A novel type of glass forming quickly gave way to a dialogue with highly unstable material behaviors, structures too complex to model in real time and visually compelling, frozen in time with cooling temperatures. The process generates new types of glass structures and visual output, enabling new design typologies for the product and architectural scale. Here I present an array of over a hundred unique design experiments that offer insight into this brand new design space created by complex glass behavior under control of a digital machine and harnessing structural instability. Close study not only of the objects generated but also their behavior during fabrication is key to understanding how the glass responds to the motion of the machine. Analysis of the project workflow itself provides the foundation for a framework capable of handling an active and complex material system, identifying how and when machine control can be used directly, how and when organic material formation can take place, and how the two interface from design tool to fabrication tool to design product. Finally, I look ahead to the potential for new product and architectural functionalities enabled by this platform, and I establish concepts for using the highly complex forms with the mapped "design space" as a guide for what we understand to be possible. The goal is to form new knowledge about material-informed digital fabrication through the generation of new glass forms and designs.
by Daniel Lizardo.
S.M.
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Alkhado, Fidan. "3D-printing Framtidens läkemedelstillverkning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-441011.
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Introduktion: Tredimensionell printing (3DP) är en teknik som använder en digital fil för att producera ett 3D-objekt, exempelvis en läkemedelstablett, genom en så kallad additiv process, vilket innebär att byggmaterialet läggs på successivt lager för lager. Syfte: Denna studie har ett tvådelat syfte, dels att presentera två 3D-printingstekniker, laserbaserade system (SLA) och smält deponeringsmodellering (FDM) som idag används för läkemedelsframställning samt göra en metodjämförelse, dels att ge exempel på samt beskriva några olika tabletter som framställts med hjälp av dessa tekniker. Metod: Studien genomfördes i form av en systematisk litteraturstudie och använde i första hand databasen PubMed för att hitta relevanta vetenskapliga artiklar i ämnet. Resultat: Resultatet redovisas i två delar. Första delen jämför de två viktiga 3DP-tekniker laserbaserade system (SLA) och smält deponeringsmodellering (FDM). Andra delen beskriver olika typer av tabletter som kan framställas med 3D-printing. Slutsats: Utifrån resultatet framgår det att 3D-printing är en framväxande teknik som skapar nya, intressanta terapimöjligheter. Dessutom framgår det att FDM lämpar sig bättre än SLA som framställningsteknik inom läkemedelsvärlden där det ställs höga krav på kostnadseffektivitet men också på grund av dess förmåga att generera formuleringar med olika frisättningsprofiler och på så sätt producera individanpassade läkemedel.
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Gong, Hua. "3D Printing for Microfluidics." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7690.
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This dissertation focuses on developing 3D printing as a fabrication method for microfluidic devices. Specifically, I concentrate on the 3D printing approach known as Digital Light Processing stereolithography (DLP-SLA) in which serially projected images are used to sequentially photopolymerize layers to build a microfluidic device. The motivation for this work is to explore a much faster alternative to cleanroom-based microfabrication that additionally offers the opportunity to densely integrate microfluidic elements in compact 3D layouts for dramatic device volume reduction. In the course of my research, an optical approach was used to guide custom resin formulation to help create the interconnected hollow regions that form a microfluidic device. This was based on a new a mathematical model to calculate the optical dose delivered throughout a 3D printed part, which also explains the effect of voids. The model was verified by a series of 3D printed chips fabricated with a commercial 3D printer and a custom resin. Channels as small as 108 µm x 60 µm were repeatably fabricated. Next, highly compact active fluidic components, including valves, pumps, and multiplexers, were fabricated with the same 3D printer and resin. The valves achieved a 10x size reduction compared with previous results, and were the smallest 3D printed valves at the time. Moreover, by adding thermal initiator to thermally cure devices after 3D printing, the durability of 3D printed valves was improved and up to 1 million actuations were demonstrated.To further decrease the 3D printed feature size, I built a custom 3D printer with a 385 nm LED light source and a 7.56 µm pixel pitch in the plane of the projected image. A custom resin was also developed to take advantage of the new 3D printer's features, which necessitated developing a UV absorber screening process which I applied to 20 candidate absorbers. In addition, a new mathematical model was developed to use only the absorber's molar absorptivity measurement to predict the resin optical penetration depth, which is important for determining the z-resolution that can be achieved with a given resin. The final resin formulation uses 2-nitrophenyl phenyl sulfide (NPS) as the UV absorber. With this resin, along with a new channel narrowing technique, I successfully created flow channel cross sections as small as 18 µm x 20 µm.With the custom 3D printer, smaller valves and pumps become possible, which led to the invention of a new method of creating large numbers of high density chip-to-chip microfluidic interconnects based on either simple integrated microgaskets (SIMs) or controlled-compression integrated microgaskets (CCIMs). Since these structures are directly 3D printed as part of a device, they require no additional materials or fabrication steps. As a demonstration of the efficacy of this approach, 121 chip-to-chip interconnects in an 11 x 11 array for both SIMs and CCIMs with an areal density of 53 interconnects per square mm were demonstrated, and tested up to 50 psi without leaking. Finally, these interconnects were used in the development of 3D printed chips with valves having 30x smaller volume than the valves we previously demonstrated. These valves served as a building block for demonstrating the miniaturization potential of an active fluid mixer using our 3D printing tools, materials, and methods. The mixer provided a set of selectable mixing ratios, and was designed in 2 configurations, a linear dilution mixer-pump (LDMP) and a parallelized dilution mixer-pump (PDMP), which occupy volumes of only 1.5 cubic mm and 2.6 cubic mm, respectively.
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Peng, Bangan. "FUNCTIONAL 4D PRINTING BY 3D PRINTING SHAPE MEMORYPOLYMERS VIA MOLECULAR, MORPHOLOGICAL AND GEOMETRICALDESIGNS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1605873309517501.
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DiSantis, Nicholas E. "Rub, fold, and abrasion resistance testing of digitally printed documents /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/4489.
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Landolt, Kevin M. "Development of test targets for microprinting applications on the Kodak NexPress 2100, the Hewlett Packard Indigo 5000 and the Heidelberg Speedmaster 74 /." Online version of thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/4488.
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Age, Philip D. Rhodes Dent. "An instructional design model for training prepress craft workers in the printing and publishing industry." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9942641.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1999.Title from title page screen, viewed July 21, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Dent M. Rhodes (chair), G. Thomas Baer, James L. Bradford, Fay F. Bowren. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-156) and abstract. Also available in print.
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El-Yabroudi, Joseph A. "A study of the effect of oil added to Toray driographic ink on toning in the non-image areas of Toray company's negative working driographic plates /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10434.
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Leines, Kevin B. "The influence of the position of a color control bar on a form when determining the most appropriate location to measure variability in solid ink density and dot gain of a printed product /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10926.
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Nagubadi, Rajendra. "Fluting in Heatset Web Offset Printing Process." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NagubadiR2007.pdf.
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Rożkiewicz, Dorota Idalia. "Covalent microcontact printing of biomolecules." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/58030.
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White, Gordon Sutherland. "Mathematical models of screen printing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437003.
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Babaei, Lavasani Mohammad R. "Ink-jet printing of textiles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488155.
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Dolden, Elisabeth Diane. "Fundamental investigations into screen printing." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422613.
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Miah, A. S. "Capillarity effects in textile printing." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377639.
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Tay, Bee Yen. "Continuous direct ink jet printing." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1560.
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This thesis describes the preparation and continuous printing of zirconia ink under different conditions, as well as the development of silver inks, for the same purpose. The dispersion of sub-micrometer zirconia powder in industrial methylated spirit using other additives such as dispersant and binder was investigated with different mixing methods and at varying powder and binder contents. The use of high shear mixing by triple roll milling followed by ultrasonic disruption as well as adequate sedimentation and filtration produced a homogeneous and stable ink of 2.5 vol. % ZrO2. The ink could be printed directly and continuously on a commercial jet printer without interruption of any kind and the phenomena occurring during printing were investigated. The optimum modulation frequency for printing was determined with the generation of pear-shaped and symmetrical droplets. Printing was made on substrates of surface free energies lower and higher than the surface tension of the Zr02 ink. Powder migration was observed within a relic of the printed dot on the second type of substrate. Layers were also overprinted on the second type of substrate by varying the following: print resolution, printing interval, print area, drying conditions and ink powder loading. These series of prints were accompanied by the appearance of ridges, spattering and non-vertical walls and the effects were investigated. The wettability and shrinkage of droplets of the ceramic ink was also studied in-situ by monitoring the evolution of contact angle, width of ink-substrate interface and droplet height with a video camera. The shape of the droplet experienced different dynamics on different types of substrate. Lastly, the sedimentation behaviour of ethanol-based silver inks dispersed with different types of dispersant was investigated with respect to the sediment volume and half-value time. Deflocculated ink was obtained at a low dispersant level and powder loading.
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Sundaram, Subramanian Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "3D-printing form and function." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120416.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 153-171).
Integrating diverse functions inside man-made parts with specific shapes, in a highly scalable manner, is the central challenge in manufacturing. Functional integration is typically achieved by assembling specialized parts, each independently made using carefully designed production techniques - for example, in assembly lines in the automotive industry. Externally assembling specialized parts is tedious at certain length scales (e.g. mesoscale manufacturing), imposes restrictions on achievable geometries, and limits functional integration. In contrast, nature excels at packing disparate materials and functions into unconstrained geometries across different length scales (e.g. distributed sensors in cuttlefish, or sensorimotor pathways and resonant muscles in insects). These far exceed our current fabrication capabilities, and replicating all the functions of natural systems has remained a distant dream. 3D-printing has resolved many challenges in fabricating complex geometries, but despite its promise, assembling diverse materials (including solids, liquids and thin-films) and functions inside a single, printed composite is a current challenge. This thesis presents a set of materials, processes and design strategies - a full experimental toolkit - to address the question: how can we distribute diverse materials and functions in free-form geometries? First, a fully-3D-printed autonomous composite that can sense an external stimulus, process it, and respond by varying its optical transparency is described. The composite consists of seamlessly integrated solids (UV-cured polymers), thin-films (conducting and semiconducting, solvent-evaporated films), and encapsulated liquids. Techniques to engineer material interfaces are also presented in this section. A stimulus-free strategy to 3D-print self-folding composites at room temperature is presented in the second part of this thesis. Specifically, the focus is on printing flat electrical composites that fold into pre-programmed shapes after printing using residual stress defined in specific regions. This provides advantages in the fabrication speed, and also expands the range of achievable geometries when using solvent-based inks. The third portion of this thesis focuses on 3D-printing soft actuators. After highlighting a few example applications of printed actuator arrays, this is used as a case study for topology optimization based design strategies. It is shown that the inclusion of a topology optimizer in the 3D-printing pipeline enables the automated design and fabrication of high-dimensional designs. The final section of this work focuses on creating tactile sensor arrays, with an emphasis on the acquisition of tactile datasets that can be used to understand the human grasp. The concluding section summarizes the role of the fabrication strategies presented here in creating composites of increasing levels of autonomy and self-sufficiency.
by Subramanian Sundaram.
Ph. D.
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Jalwan, Hala, and Gregory Israel. "3D printing your supply chain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92111.
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Thesis: M. Eng. in Logistics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-54).
Increasing the pace of product innovation in the consumer packaged goods industry can be achieved by implementing new technologies and streamlining processes. Our research is conducted primarily through extensive interviews with 3D printing experts and stakeholders in product development of a leading cosmetics manufacturer. We identify a framework where additive manufacturing technology such as 3D printing can complement the steel mold tooling used in the development of consumer product packaging. Within hours, rapid tooling technology can provide molds that are ideal for low volume production required during the preliminary stages of product design and testing. Implementing our proposed solution may reduce 14% to 26% of a company's time to market by shortening the duration of some critical path activities. The company can therefore respond to customer demand faster, strengthening its competitive advantage in the industry.
by Hala Jalwan and Gregory Israel.
M. Eng. in Logistics
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Ellwood, Alexandra. "A secure distributed printing system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42733.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 27-28).
by Alexandra Ellwood.
M.Eng.
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Park, Allen S. M. (Allen S. ). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Machine-vision assisted 3D printing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113162.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-72).
I augmented a 3D printer with software for a 3D scanning system in order to incorporate feedback into the printing process. After calibration of the scanning system and the printer, the 3D scanning system is capable of taking depth maps of the printing platform. The two main extensions of 3D printing enabled by the 3D scanning system are printing on auxiliary objects and corrective printing. Printing on auxiliary objects is accomplished by scanning an auxiliary object, then positioning the printer to print directly onto the object. Corrective printing is using the scanner during the printing process to correct any errors mid-print.
by Allen Park.
M. Eng.
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Sowade, Enrico, Thomas Blaudeck, and Reinhard R. Baumann. "Inkjet Printing of Colloidal Nanospheres." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-188147.
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We report on inkjet printing of aqueous colloidal suspensions containing monodisperse silica and/or polystyrene nanosphere particles and a systematic study of the morphology of the deposits as a function of different parameters during inkjet printing and solvent evaporation. The colloidal suspensions act as a model ink for an understanding of layer formation processes and resulting morphologies in inkjet printing in general. We investigated the influence of the surface energy and the temperature of the substrate, the formulation of the suspensions, and the multi-pass printing aiming for layer stacks on the morphology of the deposits. We explain our findings with models of evaporation-driven self-assembly of the nanosphere particles in a liquid droplet and derive methods to direct the self-assembly processes into distinct one- and two-dimensional deposit morphologies.
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Huthman, Ibrahim O. "3D Printing for Prestressed Concrete." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1483544593929285.
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Posluk, Patrick. "3D printing of gold nanoparticles." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets fysik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-429803.
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and the placement of the material. Hence, 3D printing can be an advantageous new method of constructing supercapacitors.In this thesis, the aim was to investigate how the different parameters of Electrohydrodynamic printing (EHD printing) will affect the spread of gold nanoparticles. The electrohydrodynamic printing method is a printing method that utilizes an electric field to cause droplet ejection from the nozzle. When the electric field exerts a force on the solution containing nanoparticles, it stretches the meniscus to a point where it becomes unstable and forms a droplet. EHD printing utilizes an electric field which gives the method a high spatial accuracy while being able to print droplets with within a separation distance of tens of nanometers.Different parameters were evaluated to achieve desired distribution of gold nanoparticles across a silicon wafer substrate. This thesis focuses on print speed, frequency, heat treatment and voltage, and how printing parameters affect the results. The results revealed a variation, while the printing patterns follow a trend. The best results achieved in this work came from a low nozzle-substrate voltage, high frequency, and high printing speed. The varying results could be brought on by variation in ink composition, the nozzle diameter, and the metal coating of the capillary, to name a few possible causes.Handledare:
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Choonee, Kaushal R. V. "MEMS micro-contact printing engines." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6868.
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This thesis investigates micro-contact printing (µCP) engines using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). Such engines are self-contained and do not require further optical alignment and precision manipulation equipment. Hence they provide a low-cost and accessible method of multilevel surface patterning with sub-micron resolution. Applications include the field of biotechnology where the placement of biological ligands at well controlled locations on substrates is often required for biological assays, cell studies and manipulation, or for the fabrication of biosensors. A miniaturised silicon µCP engine is designed and fabricated using a wafer-scale MEMS fabrication process and single level and bi-level µCP are successfully demonstrated. The performance of the engine is fully characterised and two actuation modes, mechanical and electrostatic, are investigated. In addition, a novel method of integrating the stamp material into the MEMS process flow by spray coating is reported. A second µCP engine formed by wafer-scale replica moulding of a polymer is developed to further drive down cost and complexity. This system carries six complementary patterns and allows six-level µCP with a layer-to-layer accuracy of 10 µm over a 5 mm x 5 mm area without the use of external aligning equipment. This is the first such report of aligned multilevel µCP. Lastly, the integration of the replica moulded engine with a hydraulic drive for controlled actuation is investigated. This approach is promising and proof of concept has been provided for single-level patterning.
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Karthikeyan, Arvind S. "A study using a high-addressability inkjet proofer to produce AM halftone proofs matching Kodak approval in color, screening, and subject moiré /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11246.
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Chung, Shiuh-Dong. "An investigation of inking adjustments versus their response time in a web offset press /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11156.
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Bougàs, Aristotelis Platon. "Influence of ink sequence on color's hue and saturation in four color halftone screen printing /." Online version of thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11080.
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Kolb, Dominik. "Printing the invisible : bridging the gap between data and matter through voxel-based 3D printing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112911.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 74-79).
Scientific visualizations are central to the representation and communication of data in ways that are at once efficient and effective. Numerous data types have established unique formats of representation. In the context of three-dimensional (3D) data sets, such information is often presented as a 3D rendering, a video or an interactive application. The purpose of such visualization is often to emulate the physical, three-dimensional world; however, they remain inherently virtual. Recent advancements in additive manufacturing are making it possible to 'physicalize' three-dimensional data through 3D printing. Still, most 3D printing methods are geared towards single material printing workflows devoid of the ability to physically visualize volumetric data with high fidelity matching their virtual origin. As a result, information and detail are compromised. To overcome this limitation, I propose, design and evaluate a workflow to 'physicalize' such data through multi-material 3D printing. The thesis focuses on methods for voxel-based additive fabrication at high spatial resolution of three-dimensional data sets including - but not limited to point clouds, volumes, lines and graphs, and image stacks. This is achieved while maintaining the original data with high fidelity. I demonstrate that various data sets - often visualized through rasterization on screen - can be translated into physical, materially heterogeneous objects, by means of multi-material, voxel-based 3D printing. This workflow - its related tools, techniques and technologies contained herein - enables bridging the gap between digital information presentation and physical material composition. Developed methods are experimentally tested with various data across scales, disciplines and problem contexts - including application domains such as biomedicine, physics and archeology.
by Dominik Kolb.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences
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Kim, Kyungsik M. Arch Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Printing the vernacular : 3D printing technology and its impact on the City of Sana'a, Yemen." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/103469.
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Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 121).
This thesis project is a speculative proposal; it assumes that 3D printing technology is a major manufacturing and construction method in the future. The industrial revolution that has begun in the 19th century was the transition to a new manufacturing process. This transition included going from hand production to machine production and eventually changed the entire way of making things, buying things, moving things, and etc. The changes of our life led to the transformation of our cities. Current cities were formed based on the Industrial Supply Chain that enables flow of materials and products from supplier to customer. This supply chain decided locations of factories, retails, roads, ports, warehouses, and etc that have structured cities. In recent years, 3D printing has attracted increasing attention. The prospect of printing machines has inspired enthusiasts to proclaim that 3D printing will bring "the next industrial revolution", while others have reacted with skepticism and point to the technology's current limitations. However, 3D printing could proliferate rapidly over the coming decade. Improvements in speed and performance could enable unprecedented levels of mass customization, simplified supply chains, and even the "democratization" of manufacturing as consumers begin to print their own products. Although there has been a number of studies on the 3D Printing technology itself and its impact on economy, less attentions have been paid to its spatial impact or impact on our cities. As the industrial revolution transformed cities, 3D Printing is expected to change our current cities in many ways, as it will change the way of making, moving, buying things again. The fact that 3D Printing can be done near the point of consumption, implies several possible scenarios of future cities This thesis illustrates different degrees of influence of the technology in the city of Sana'a, Yemen. The city has four distinct areas currently: the historical world heritage site, a partially protected area, a modernized area, and an informal settlement. The four distinct areas will be changed in different ways by different uses of 3D printing technology. The tower house, which is one of the most significant building typologies of the city, is used to examine and compare the influences of the technology. More specifically, the ornament of the tower house and possible scenarios of transformation are the main design focus of the project. Ornament will appear in different scales and configurations in the future city of Sana'a, from high resolution ornament to inhabitable ornament.
by Kyungsik Kim.
M. Arch.
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Alasmar, Rawsam. "A quantitative analysis of the value added services produced by digital color printers as perceived by print buyers /." Online version of thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11966.
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Rentschler, Lisa. "A study of the effects of paper, ink and drying techniques on lithographic ink transfer during electrophotographic imprinting /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11379.
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Meyer, John C. "The variability of a web offset newspaper press run as measured by the Eastman Kodak Company's customized color analysis target /." Online version of thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8823.
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Au-Yeung, Man-ki Chantel. "Prospect of printing industry in Hong Kong towards 2000' /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19876269.
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