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Journal articles on the topic 'Of the insurance reserve'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hasriati, Hasriati, Voundri Nindia Nayunda, Haposan Sirait, and Ihda Hasbiyati. "PROSPECTIVE RESERVE AND FULL PRELIMINARY TERM RESERVE ON ENDOWMENT LAST SURVIVOR LIFE INSURANCE USING CLAYTON COPULA." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 18, no. 4 (2024): 2479–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol18iss4pp2479-2490.

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Combined life insurance is a type of insurance that protects two or more people who are related by family and is divided into two, namely joint-life life insurance and last-survivor life insurance. The last survivor life insurance is a condition of life insurance that will continue if there is at least one of all insurance participants who is still alive and will stop if all insurance participants die. The insurance company has to pay the benefit to the heirs of the insurance participant. When a claim occurs, the insurance company must prepare the reserve fee. The purpose of this research is t

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2

Huseynova, Arzu D., and Afet Hasanova. "Calculation of insurance premium reserves for life insurance and application of the Zillmer method against negative results in the first year." Science, technologies, innovation, no. 2(34) (2025): 16–33. https://doi.org/10.35668/2520-6524-2025-2-02.

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The purpose of this article is to examine the application of the Zillmer method to mitigate or eliminate the negative reserve that arises during the first year when expenses are charged to the insurance premium reserves calculated for life insurance. The net premium reserve for whole life insurance and term insurance types has been calculated using both prospective and retrospective methods. The formulas for calculating the actuarial present value of insurance payments (paid), life annuities, and premiums, which are the main components of the insurance premium reserve, as well as substitution

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3

Reisnanda, Aldino, Betty Subartini, and Riaman Riaman. "Comparison of the Zillmer Method with the Adjusted Ohio Method in Calculation of Premium Reserve Value in Dwi-Purpose Life Insurance." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 5, no. 1 (2024): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v5i1.592.

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Life insurance is one of protections in society by providing economic protection for insurance users who experience an adverse event. The insured who is an insurance user has an obligation to pay the premium at the time that is determined by the insurance company and the policyholder. Insurance companies need funds to fulfill claims from policyholders, so premiums that have been paid are stored in the form of premium reserves. Premium reserves need to be managed by the company properly so that the company does not experience losses. The purpose of this research is to provide information to det

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4

Sagari, Lujiana, Yurniati Yurniati, and Melvi Muchlian. "Penentuan Cadangan Premi Asuransi Jiwa Dwiguna Menggunakan Metode Full Preliminary Term." Proximal: Jurnal Penelitian Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 8, no. 1 (2025): 394–400. https://doi.org/10.30605/proximal.v8i1.5345.

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Dual-purpose life insurance is insurance that provides two benefits, where the company will provide compensation if the insured remains alive at the end of the policy period or dies within the policy period. In two-purpose life insurance, insurance participants either die or survive will be paid the sum insured by the insurance company and insurance participants have an obligation to pay a certain amount of money to the insurance company called premiums.This study aims to calculate the amount of premium reserves for two-purpose life insurance using the full preliminary term method. This premiu

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Wynnie, Illuminata, and Yefan Yefan. "Determination of Premium Reserves for Whole Life Insurance Using the Canadian Method with Varying Premium Payment Periods." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Smart Technologies 7, no. 1 (2025): 169–80. https://doi.org/10.24071/ijasst.v7i1.12283.

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Premium reserves are essential funds prepared by insurance companies, particularly in life insurance, to cover potential future claims. These reserves are calculated based on premiums paid by policyholders and must be sufficient to meet all projected claim-related expenses. A lower reserve implies reduced financial liability and typically correlates with more affordable premium rates for policyholders. This study aims to analyze the determination of premium reserves using the Canadian and Prospective methods in traditional life insurance products, specifically whole life insurance, focusing on

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ARIASIH, MADE PUTRI, KETUT JAYANEGARA, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and I. PUTU EKA N. KENCANA. "PENENTUAN CADANGAN PREMI UNTUK ASURANSI PENDIDIKAN." E-Jurnal Matematika 4, no. 1 (2015): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2015.v04.i01.p082.

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This aims of this research is determine the insurance premium reserve for education with retrospective calculations and determine the premium reserves who acquired during the period of guarantee for insurance education. This research observes the premium reserve for persons aged 40 years with a coverage period of 17 years. The secondary data used is an education insurance data product from the insurance company that issued the insurance product. Premium reserve is determined by using the retrospective calculation, the calculation using the annuity value, net single premium value, net annual pr

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Al Ghifari, Yuhza, and Fauziah Nur Fahirah Sudding. "Analysis of Premium Reserve Using Zillmer Method and Canadian Method for Endowment Joint Life Insurance." Journal of Actuarial, Finance, and Risk Management 2, no. 1 (2023): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/jafrm.v2i1.4551.

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Several life insurance companies are unable to compensate policyholder prompting financial losses, the situation can be foreseen if the insurance company has a properly established and calculated reserve value. Endowment life insurance is one types of life insurance. Life insurance provides protection for one person (single life) or two or more people (multiple life). According to the insured death status, there are two terminologies used in multiple life insurance: joint life and last survivor. The Zillmer Method and Canadian Method used in this study for 3 age cases for a couple of husband a

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Faturachman, Faturachman, Suyitno Suyitno, and Nanda Arista Rizki. "Penentuan Cadangan Premi Asuransi Jiwa Dengan Metode Fackler." EKSPONENSIAL 13, no. 1 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/eksponensial.v13i1.876.

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Insurance is an agreement between two parties, where one party is obliged to pay and the other party has the obligation to provide compensation to the premium payer if something happens to the party in accordance with the agreement that has been made. The main problem faced by insurance companies is that the fees paid through premiums are not sufficient to finance compensation payments at the beginning of the policys, To overcome the shortage of costs the insurance company must have a reserve fund called a premium reserve. The purpose of this study was to determine the reserve for term, endowm

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9

Bachyurah, Bachyurah, Ikhsan Maulidi, Intan Syahrini, and Nurmaulidar Nurmaulidar. "ANALISIS CADANGAN MANFAAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RETROSPEKTIF PADA ASURANSI JIWA BERJANGKA." STATMAT : JURNAL STATISTIKA DAN MATEMATIKA 2, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/sm.v2i1.3884.

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The insurance company is a company that protects its customers from unwanted events in the future. A life insurance company should prepare a benefit reserve funds to be given to customers if the customers experience a risk of death in the future. Therefore, the insurance company must manage the benefit reserves so that the company does not have a loss. The purposes of this study are to calculate both the amount of annual net premiums and the amount of benefit reserves in term life insurance. The method used to calculate the value of the benefit reserve was a retrospective method. The results o

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Syifamillah, Fika Riza, Emy Siswanah, and Seftina Diyah Miasary. "Penentuan Premi Tahunan Dan Cadangan Manfaat Asuransi Jiwa Dwiguna Murni pada Status Last Survivor dengan Tiga Orang Tertanggung." Unisda Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science (UJMC) 8, no. 2 (2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/ujmc.v8i2.3693.

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Last-survivor life insurance is life insurance with more than one life (multiple life) in which premium payments end when the policyholder dies for the last time. Last-survivor status can be applied to various types of insurance, including pure endowment life insurance. Pure endowment life insurance is insurance that provides a death benefit if the insured is still alive within the agreed timeframe. Furthermore, two costs that insurance companies must consider are the amount of premiums and benefit reserves. The premium is the amount of money paid by the insurer to the insurer for their partic

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Daryanto, Wiwiek Mardawiyah, and Wawan Rahardianto. "Measuring the Financial Health Performance of Life Insurance Company in Indonesia: Case Study During the Period of Before and After the Implementation of Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, Nomor 71 /Pojk.05/2016." International Journal of Business Studies 3, no. 2 (2019): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32924/ijbs.v3i2.125.

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Insurance is simply a risk management by transferring the risk of potential loss to an insurance company. By allowing risk to be spread among a large group of people, everyone will take benefits from insurance. Therefore, selecting strong insurance company is important to make sure that your sum assured or claim will be paid according to the policy term and condition. This research aims to measure, analyze, and compare the financial health performance of public listed life insurance companies in Indonesia namely PT Prudential Life Assurance (PLA) and PT AIA Financial (AIA) from 2013 to 2018 (t

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Gláserová, Jana. "Specifics of the Unearned Premium Reserve in the Accounting of Commercial Insurance Companies." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 6 (2014): 1271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462061271.

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Commercial insurance companies are liable to create, on the basis of risks arising from the fulfillment of the object of their activity, technical reserves, which are used to cover liabilities arising to insurance companies from insurance and reinsurance activity. The paper focuses on the technical reserve which is, in accordance with the accounting-legal regulation, created obligatorily in commercial insurance companies – it is the unearned premium reserve.The paper explores the role and place of this technical reserve in the accounting of the commercial insurance companies based on the analy

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Miasary, Seftina Diyah, Jihan Ramadhani Ar-Raafi’ Ulna, and Emy Siswanah. "Application of The Fackler and Full Preliminary Term Methods In Calculating n-Year Term Life Insurance Premium Reserves." Journal Focus Action of Research Mathematic (Factor M) 7, no. 1 (2024): 110–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/f_m.v7i11973.

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Cadangan premi harus diperhitungkan dengan baik untuk meminimalisir kerugian bagi perusahaan asuransi. Metode yang digunakan dalam menentukan cadangan premi dari asuransi jiwa berjangka pada penelitian ini adalah metode Fackler dan metode Full Preliminary Term. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan perhitungan cadangan premi dengan kedua metode pada asuransi jiwa berjangka. Sebelum diperhitungkannya nilai cadangan, terlebih dahulu akan ditentukan besarnya nilai premi tunggal, anuitas awal, dan premi tahunan dari asuransi jiwa berjangka. Asumsi yang digunakan dalam penelitian meliputi te

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14

Hasriati, Hasriati. "Dwiguna Life Insurance Zilmer Reserves With The Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) Interest Rate." Komputasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komputer dan Matematika 20, no. 1 (2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/komputasi.v1i1.6229.

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This article discusses Zilmer's reserve of dual purpose life insurance. Zillmer reserve is one type of modified premium reserve that is calculated using prospective reserves and Zillmer level of , which is the difference from gross premium and net premium in the 1st policy year is greater than standard loading, so it is necessary to find a way for the loading to be smaller than standard loading. Furthermore, in determining Zilmer's reserves using cox-ingersoll-ross interest rate (CIR) which will be expressed in the form of discount vaktor by estimating two parameters through variance.

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15

Putri, Viona Sephia. "Premium Sufficiency Reserve of Last Survivor Endowment Life Insurance using Exponentiated Gumbel Distribution." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 5, no. 3 (2024): 262–72. https://doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v5i3.746.

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Life insurance is a protection eﬀort provided by the insurer against risks to the insured’s life that will arise from an unpredictable event. Insurance companies are required to prepare reserves to fulﬁll the sum insured when a claim occurs. Premium suﬃciency reserves are modiﬁed reserves whose calculations use gross premiums that contain administrative maintenance costs. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of premium suﬃciency reserves of endowment life insurance for two insurance participants aged x years and y years using the exponentiated Gumbel distribution. The parameter

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16

Putri, Viona Sephia, and Haposan Sirait. "Premium Sufficiency Reserve of Last Survivor Endowment Life Insurance Using Exponentiated Gumbel Distribution." International Journal of Global Operations Research 6, no. 1 (2025): 53–62. https://doi.org/10.47194/ijgor.v6i1.365.

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Life insurance is a protection eﬀort provided by the insurer against risks to the insured’s life that will arise from an unpredictable event. Insurance companies are required to prepare reserves to fulﬁll the sum insured when a claim occurs. Premium suﬃciency reserves are modiﬁed reserves whose calculations use gross premiums that contain administrative maintenance costs. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of premium suﬃciency reserves of endowment life insurance for two insurance participants aged x years and y years using the exponentiated Gumbel distribution. The parameter

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17

Sugiharto, Toto, Novita Sulistiowati, and Rina Nofiyanti. "THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE FINANCIAL HEALTH AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LIFE INSURANCE FIRMS: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA." Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis 24, no. 3 (2019): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/eb.2019.v24i3.2238.

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Financial performance is of importance for life insurance firms. It is affected by various factors including financial health which is measured by risk-based capital, technical reserve and equity. The study aims at analyzing the effect of these financial health measures on the financial performance of life insurance firms. Secondary data which include financial performance (i.e., return on assets), risk-based capital, technical reserve and equity of thirty three life insurance firms for the periods of 2011-2016 was used. Panel data regression analysis was performed to analyze the obtained data

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18

Srun, Sovila, Tak Kean, Chamroen Khim, Maria S. Rakitina, Irina A. Dmitrieva, and Natalia A. Ivanova. "Evaluation of claims reserve methods: claims payment pattern and Stanard-buhlmann, case study at prévoir insurance company (agriculture Cambodia)." E3S Web of Conferences 486 (2024): 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448603015.

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A claims reserve is money set aside for a claim that has been Reported But Not Settled (RBNS) or Incurred But Not Reported (IBNR). Claim reserves are crucial for the financial stability of insurance companies. Operationally, we can know the amount RBNS, but we don’t know the amount of IBNR. Therefore, actuarial literature has proposed numerous IBNR calculation methods, which are usually based on statistical concepts. However, the mutant and uncertain behavior of insurance environments for each insurance company does not make advisable to use a wide database across all insurance companies in Ca

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Ananda, Bella Dwi, and Fauziah Nur Fahirah Sudding. "Estimation of Premium Reserves for Last Survivor Endowment Insurance Using the New Jersey Method." Journal of Actuarial, Finance, and Risk Management 2, no. 1 (2023): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33021/jafrm.v2i1.4564.

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There are a few cases of life insurance firms going bankrupt due to mistakes when estimating premium reserves, causing companies unable to pay compensation to policyholders. This is caused when the number of claims submitted by the insured that must be paid exceeds the number of claims previously estimated. Situations like this can be anticipated if the insurance firm has a properly prepared and calculated reserve value. There are various types of life insurance, one of which is endowment life insurance. The purpose of this study is to calculate the amount of reserves adjusted for last survivo

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Sadli, Wanda Hamidah, and Devni Prima Sari. "ESTIMATION OF BENEFIT RESERVES IN ENDOWMENT INSURANCE USING THE INDONESIAN MORTALITY TABLE IV AND ZILLMER METHOD." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 19, no. 3 (2025): 1737–46. https://doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol19iss3pp1737-1746.

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This study focuses on determining the benefit reserves for endowment life insurance using the Zillmer method, an extension of the prospective reserve approach. Benefit reserves are crucial as they represent the funds insurance companies must set aside to cover future claims. Traditionally, reserves can be calculated retrospectively or prospectively. Still, the Zillmer method introduces an innovative approach by incorporating a Zillmer rate and time to account for loading costs, particularly at the beginning of the policy period. This research's novelty lies in applying the Zillmer method using

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Rivaldo, Rendi, Hendra Perdana, and Wirda Andani. "GROSS PREMIUM VALUATION METHOD IN DETERMINING PREMIUM RESERVES IN LIFE INSURANCE." VARIANCE: Journal of Statistics and Its Applications 6, no. 2 (2024): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/variancevol6iss2page215-222.

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Abstract: Life insurance companies maintain reserve funds to pay insurance policy claims, known as premium reserves. Premium reserves are calculated using two approaches: retrospective and prospective. The prospective approach involves calculating the present value of all future expenses minus the total future income for each policyholder, using the Gross Premium Valuation (GPV) method. The GPV method takes into account initial costs, maintenance costs, and administration costs. The case study results indicate that the premium reserve using the GPV method starts at zero in the first year, incr

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Kamila, Isti, Ani Andriyati, and Embay Rohaeti. "A comparison benefit reserves of an n–year term life insurance between using the vasicek model and cox-ingersoll-ross model." Desimal: Jurnal Matematika 7, no. 1 (2024): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/djm.v7i1.20607.

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The purpose of this study was to determine benefit reserves with the premium sufficiency method that would be applied to types of term insurance with non-constant interest rates by using the Vasicek and Cox-Ingersol-Ross models. The novelty of this study is in determining term insurance benefit reserves by comparing benefit reserves using the Vasicek and Cox-Ingersol-Ross interest rate models so that it can be a decision-maker for insurance companies. The stages of this research activity started by estimating the parameters for the Vasicek and Cox-Ingersoll-Ross (CIR) interest rates. The next

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Kurniawan, Yohanes Jhony, Heppy Julianto, and Suhartono Suhartono. "Analisis Kinerja Perusahaan Asuransi Umum Nasional dan Perusahaan Asuransi Umum Patungan di Indonesia." EKOMA : Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi 3, no. 6 (2024): 1473–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.56799/ekoma.v3i6.5151.

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This analysis reflects the performance of National General Insurance Companies and Joint Venture General Insurance Companies in Indonesia. This allows this mapping to be used as a tool to analyze and control the performance of National General Insurance Companies and Joint Venture General Insurance Companies in Indonesia. So based on the above we will raise the research title "Performance Analysis of National General Insurance Companies and Joint Venture General Insurance Companies in Indonesia," This research aims; To find out the performance of National General Insurance Companies, to find o

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DEWI, NI LUH PUTU RATNA, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and DESAK PUTU EKA NILAKUSMAWATI. "PENENTUAN CADANGAN PREMI UNTUK ASURANSI JOINT LIFE." E-Jurnal Matematika 5, no. 1 (2016): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2016.v05.i01.p118.

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Premium reserve is a number of fund that need to be raised by insurance company in preparation for the payment of claims. This study aims to get the formula of premium reserve as well as the value of the premium reserve for joint life insurance by using retrospective calculation method. Joint life insurance participants in this study are limited to 2 people. Calculations in this study is using Indonesian Mortality Table (TMI) 2011, joint life mortality tables, commutation tables, value of annuities, value of single premiums and constant annual premium and using constant interest rates of 5%. T

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Brati, Esmeralda, and Alma Braimllari. "A Comparative Analysis of Stochastic Approaches for Claims Reserving in Private Health Insurance." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS 22 (December 20, 2024): 130–43. https://doi.org/10.37394/23207.2025.22.12.

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To guarantee the fulfillment of all claims, an insurance company must allocate enough funds to cover both current and future claims for active policies. The application of stochastic models has found extensive use in various domains of insurance and finance. However, their application in the context of private health insurance has been somewhat limited. To address this gap in existing knowledge, this paper aims to explore the application of stochastic methods to disease portfolios. The study involves dividing the developmental periods into semi-annual intervals and determining the most appropr

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SAEFULOH, SANI, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and LUH PUTU IDA HARINI. "PERHITUNGAN PREMI TAHUNAN TIDAK KONSTAN DAN CADANGAN BENEFIT ASURANSI LAST SURVIVOR DWIGUNA." E-Jurnal Matematika 9, no. 2 (2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2020.v09.i02.p286.

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Last Survivor Insurance is life insurance for two or more participants with premiums paid until the death of the last participant. This study discusses last survivor endowment insurance for two participants in a married couple. Compensation is paid after the second person dies or both stills alive after the end of a contract. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of non-constant annual premium and benefits reserves in the last survivor endowment insurance. The equivalence principle is used for calculation of premiums. Furthermore, the benefit reserve formula is determined using a

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Felice, Massimo De, and Franco Moriconi. "Claim Watching and Individual Claims Reserving Using Classification and Regression Trees." Risks 7, no. 4 (2019): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks7040102.

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We present an approach to individual claims reserving and claim watching in general insurance based on classification and regression trees (CART). We propose a compound model consisting of a frequency section, for the prediction of events concerning reported claims, and a severity section, for the prediction of paid and reserved amounts. The formal structure of the model is based on a set of probabilistic assumptions which allow the provision of sound statistical meaning to the results provided by the CART algorithms. The multiperiod predictions required for claims reserving estimations are ob

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Boyer, M. Martin, Elijah Brewer, and Willie Reddic. "The Association between Complexity and Managerial Discretion in the Property and Casualty Insurance Industry." Quarterly Journal of Finance 09, no. 03 (2019): 1950008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139219500083.

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This paper investigates whether the setting of loss reserves depends on an insurer’s complexity, which is defined by the number of business lines an insurer underwrites and on the insurer’s expertise in those lines. Our results suggest that insurers with higher levels of complexity tend to over-reserve. We also find that, as complexity increases, insurers that are financially weak and smooth their earnings, tend to under-reserve (i.e., bias their loss reserves upward). Further, we find that as complexity increases, insurers with high tax liabilities tend to bias their loss reserves downward (i

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England, P. D., and R. J. Verrall. "Stochastic Claims Reserving in General Insurance." British Actuarial Journal 8, no. 3 (2002): 443–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357321700003809.

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ABSTRACTThis paper considers a wide range of stochastic reserving models for use in general insurance, beginning with stochastic models which reproduce the traditional chain-ladder reserve estimates. The models are extended to consider parametric curves and smoothing models for the shape of the development run-off, which allow extrapolation for the estimation of tail factors. The Bornhuetter-Ferguson technique is also considered, within a Bayesian framework, which allows expert opinion to be used to provide prior estimates of ultimate claims. The primary advantage of stochastic reserving model

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Sitorus, Kristiani, Tiara Yulita, and Fuji Lestari. "Perhitungan Cadangan Premi Asuransi Jiwa Berjangka dengan Menggunakan Metode Zillmer dan Fackler." Indonesian Journal of Applied Mathematics 4, no. 2 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35472/indojam.v4i2.1944.

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Human life is never free from risk. Along with the development of the era, humans began to realize the importance of protecting themselves in the event of a risk, including the risk of death. To overcome this, many individuals transfer the risk by registering themselves or their families with life insurance. The life insurance that is focused on is term life insurance, which is a form of protection with a certain period of time that has been set. In order to run its operations properly, insurance companies need to prepare premium reserves with accurate calculations. These calculations can be d

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Oktavia handayani and Hendra cipta. "Analysis Of Future Health Insurance Premium Reserve Calculations Using The Commissioners Method With Woolhouse Formula." EduMatSains : Jurnal Pendidikan, Matematika dan Sains 9, no. 1 (2024): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/edumatsains.v9i1.5933.

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A premium reserve is the amount of funds that the insurance company needs to prepare for the payment of liability benefits when a claim occurs. One method of calculating premiums is the commissioners method which is an extension of the prospective reserve method.The main factor in the actuarial calculation is the mortality rate that can be determined using the WOOLHOUSE mortality law. This study aims to determine the size of the life insurance premiums reserve using the commisioners method and the WOLHOUSE mortality laws. The calculation of the premium reserve is linked to the determination of

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NIKOLAYCHUK, Tetyana. "ECO- ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS' INSURANCE AS SUPPORT AND INVESTMENT TOOL FOR ECO-ENTREPRENEURS IN NATURE RESERVE FUND." Economic innovations 23, no. 3(80) (2021): 254–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2021.23.3(80).254-268.

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Topicality. Market changes in all fields of economy of Ukraine demand the creation of new cooperation's institutions and mechanisms between branches, including the sphere of environmental reserve affair requires transformations, which will be directed into the development not only environmentally protected, but also its ecological and economic components. Nowadays, the eco-ecological's development is insufficient and requires the introduction of investment approach to the economic relations between Nature Reserve's administrations, private sector and local communities. Insurance of eco- enviro

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Yulita, Tiara. "Perhitungan Nilai Cadangan Premi Tahunan Asuransi Jiwa Dwiguna Menggunakan Metode New Jersey dan Fackler." Indonesian Journal of Applied Mathematics 5, no. 1 (2025): 27. https://doi.org/10.35472/indojam.v5i1.2128.

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Endowment life insurance is a type of life insurance that involves two types of benefits, namely the company will provide compensation if the insured remains alive at the end of the policy term or dies during the policy term. Premium reserves are the amount of funds that must be available to the insurance company as funds for preparing claim payments to the insured. The aim of this research is to calculate the annual premium reserve value in one of the assumed cases of Company XYZ with a coverage period of 35 years and a premium payment period of 20 years. Calculation of premium reserves can b

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Riaman, Riaman, Betty Subartini, and Kankan Parmikanti. "PENGGUNAAN METODE BORNHUETTER-FERGUSON UNTUK ESTIMASI CADANGAN KLAIM." Jurnal Lebesgue : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, Matematika dan Statistika 4, no. 2 (2023): 1328–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/lb.v4i2.366.

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Health insurance company have to determine claim reserve that’s suitable with the existing condition. There is three party that’s involved in the health insurance management, namely the policy holder, Admedika as the third party administration, and also the insurance company itself as the (insurer). When the policy holder obtained treatments whose financing is done through a health insurance, then the health insurance company have the obligation to finish the financial matters. Delays in payments from insurance companies to health facilities are caused, among others, by the administrative proc

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HUTAPEA, ANGGIE EZRA JULIANDA, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and LUH PUTU IDA HARINI. "PENENTUAN CADANGAN PREMI DENGAN PERHITUNGAN PROSPEKTIF UNTUK ASURANSI PENDIDIKAN." E-Jurnal Matematika 7, no. 2 (2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2018.v07.i02.p193.

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The purpose of this research is to get formula to calculate premium reserve value with prospective calculation for education insurance. This study examines the value of premium reserves for people aged 40 years with a coverage period of 17 years. In determining the value of premium reserve using the prospective calculation. It will be started by completing the value of the Indonesian Mortality Table 2011 using the interest rate of 6.5%, calculating the cash value of the benefit, the annuity value, the net annual premium value, and the net monthly premium value. The results of this study indica

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Elsayed, Mahmoud, and Amr Soliman. "Prediction of Technical Reserves Based on Grey Model — GM(1,1): Evidence from Non-life Egyptian Insurance Market." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 9 (2019): 852–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/09.10.2019/006.

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Grey system theory is a mathematical technique used to predict data with known and unknown characteristics. The aim of our research is to forecast the future amount of technical reserves (outstanding claims reserve, loss ratio fluctuations reserve and unearned premiums reserve) up to 2029/2030. This study applies the Grey Model GM(1,1) using data obtained from the Egyptian Financial Supervisory Authority (EFSA) over the period from 2005/2006 to 2015/2016 for non-life Egyptian insurance market. We found that the predicted amounts of outstanding claims reserve and loss ratio fluctuations reserve

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Prowanta, Embun, and Indra Siswanti. "DETERMINANT OF STOCK PRICE INSURANCE COMPANY IN INDONESIA." International Journal of Accounting and Business Society 29, no. 3 (2021): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijabs.2021.29.3.2.

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Purpose — This research aims to analyze the effect of the Claim Expense Ratio and the Technical Reserve Ratio on the Stock Price with the Solvency Ratio as an intervening variable in insurance companies on the IDX. Design/methodology/approach — The populations in this research were all 12 insurance companies in Indonesia. The sampling criteria are insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and publish quarterly financial reports continuously during the 2017-2018 period. There are 8 companies that meet the purposive sampling criteria. Data processing and analysis techniques are

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Rachman, Muhammad Ibrahim, and Anasya Daffa Pertiwi. "Comparison of Zillmer and Premium Sufficiency Reserve Method using the Vasicek Stochastic Interest Rate Model." Jurnal Matematika Integratif 18, no. 2 (2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jmi.v18.n2.41918.189-202.

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An accurate calculation of premium reserves will ensure that the insurance company can pay claims. Premium reserves are funds collected by insurance companies which are the difference between the sum insured and the value of payments during the insurance period prepared for claim payments. There are several methods for calculating premium reserves, but the methods that are the focus of this study are the Zillmer method and the Premium Sufficiency method, extensions of the prospective method. This study aims to compare the two methods using the Vasicek model to determine the stochastic interest

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Firdausy, Andini Erika, and Affiati Oktaviarina. "PERBANDINGAN KEAKURATAN METODE MACK CHAIN LADDER DAN BORNHUETTER -FERGUSON DALAM ESTIMASI CADANGAN KLAIM." Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika 17, no. 1 (2025): 53. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jmp.2025.17.1.16200.

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Abstract: Risk is an uncertain event that can cause losses, both financially and non-financially, so insurance is needed as a form of protection. In insurance, claim reserves are an estimate of the funds that a company must prepare to pay claims in the future. This study aims to compare two claim reserve estimation methods, namely Mack Chain Ladder and Bornhuetter-Ferguson, and evaluate their accuracy using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The Mack Chain Ladder method uses cumulative triangle run-off data, while the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method combines the loss ratio approach with incremental tr

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Hasriati, Hasriati, Pragista Rimisti, Haposan Sirait, and Endang Lily. "ZILLMER RESERVE ON ENDOWMENT LAST SURVIVOR LIFE INSURANCE USING LOMAX DISTRIBUTION." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 17, no. 4 (2023): 2367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol17iss4pp2367-2380.

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This article discusses Zillmer's reserves for endowment last survivor of life insurance. Zillmer reserves are a type of modification of premium reserves which are calculated using prospective reserves and the Zillmer rate. In Zillmer reserves, loading which is the difference between gross premium and net premium in the first policy year is greater than standard loading. In this article, the life insurance used is endowment last survivor of life insurance, where the reserve calculation for last survivor status is calculated for 3 cases, namely, both participants survive until the end of the pol

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Koijen, Ralph S. J., and Motohiro Yogo. "The Cost of Financial Frictions for Life Insurers." American Economic Review 105, no. 1 (2015): 445–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20121036.

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During the financial crisis, life insurers sold long-term policies at deep discounts relative to actuarial value. The average markup was as low as −19 percent for annuities and −57 percent for life insurance. This extraordinary pricing behavior was due to financial and product market frictions, interacting with statutory reserve regulation that allowed life insurers to record far less than a dollar of reserve per dollar of future insurance liability. We identify the shadow cost of capital through exogenous variation in required reserves across different types of policies. The shadow cost was $

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Johan, Jonathan Prasetyo, Felivia Kusnadi, and Benny Yong. "ANALYSIS OF ROBUST CHAIN LADDER METHOD IN ESTIMATING AUSTRALIAN MOTOR INSURANCE RESERVES WITH OUTLYING DATASET." BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan 17, no. 1 (2023): 0225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol17iss1pp0225-0234.

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Reserves are one of the most crucial components for an insurance company to make sure it has enough money to pay off all the incurred claims. The presence of outliers in the incurred claims data harbors risk on inaccurately predicting reserves to cover claim amounts, usually achieved by the standard chain ladder reserving method. To remedy the effect of the outliers, the robust chain ladder reserving method is used by setting the median value to predict estimated reserve. On this research, we utilized both methods on various datasets. The purpose of this paper is to determine the best method t

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DWIPAYANA, I. GUSTI AGUNG GEDE, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and KARTIKA SARI. "MENENTUKAN FORMULA CADANGAN PREMI ASURANSI JIWA LAST SURVIVOR MENGGUNAKAN METODE NEW JERSEY." E-Jurnal Matematika 8, no. 4 (2019): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2019.v08.i04.p263.

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Last survivor life insurance is a type of life insurance for two or more people, with premium payment up to the last death of the insured and at that time also provide the benefit from the insurer. The purpose of this research was to determine the formula for last survivor life insurance premium reserve using New Jersey method. To calculate the reserve: first we determine the benefit, and then the annuity and finnaly the annual premium. The premium reserve value in the New Jersey method on first year is zero. The premium reserve in the New Jersey method starts in the second year, for years, wi

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PERMATASARI, NI PUTU MIRAH, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and KARTIKA SARI. "PENENTUAN CADANGAN PREMI DENGAN METODE PREMIUM SUFFICIENCY PADA ASURANSI JIWA SEUMUR HIDUP JOINT LIFE." E-Jurnal Matematika 5, no. 3 (2016): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2016.v05.i03.p127.

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The aim of this research was to get the formula of premium reserves through the premium sufficiency method. Premium reserve is the amount of fund that is collected by the insurance company in preparation for the claim’s payment. Premium sufficiency method is gross premium calculation. To construct that formula, this research used Tabel Mortalitas Indonesia (TMI) 2011, interest rate 2.5% and cost of alpha %. Based on simulation result in men premium reserve value of age 1 of 56 years propotional with insured periods, but after56 years enhancement of premium reserve value.

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Nii Boi Quaye, Enoch, Charles Andoh, and Anthony Q.Q. Aboagye. "Loss reserve variability and loss reserve errors." Journal of Risk Finance 15, no. 3 (2014): 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrf-03-2014-0018.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to assess the level and variability of Ghanaian property and liability insurer’s reserve estimates to examine its sources and ascertain if reserve errors are random or not (i.e. manipulated or not). Design/methodology/approach – It uses information on insurer claim reserve provisions, claims outstanding, claims incurred and claims paid for the period of 2000-2010. Categorizing the sources of variation as endogenous and exogenous, the authors use the panel correlated standard error regression model to determine sources and magnitude of industry reserve err

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Lyzhechko, M. S., and I. V. Rozora. "Modelling of technical reserves of an insurance company." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Physics and Mathematics, no. 3 (2019): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1812-5409.2019/3.6.

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In the modern rapidly evolving society, the science and the business are facing new needs and challenges constantly. The insurance industry and its mathematical foundation, the actuarial science, are not exceptions. Currently, the greatest challenge that the insurance system has to cope with is the issue of the new international financial standard that affects the calculation of reserves among other things. So far, insurers have mainly used common classical deterministic methods. However, the new standard emphasizes the necessity of the realistic prognosis that is best achieved with stochastic

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JANNAH, MIFTAAHUL, AGUS SUPRIATNA, and RIAMAN RIAMAN. "PENERAPAN HUKUM MORTALITA MAKEHAM UNTUK PENENTUAN NILAI CADANGAN PREMI ASURANSI JOINT LIFE DENGAN METODE FACKLER." E-Jurnal Matematika 9, no. 3 (2020): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2020.v09.i03.p297.

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Joint life insurance is life insurance with an amount of more than one person, where the benefits are paid when one of the insured dies. The possibility of insurance companies will suffer losses if the claims that occur are more than predicted, so the premium reserve calculation is required. In this study, reserves were calculated using the Fackler method based on the Indonesian Mortality Table 2011 and the Makeham Assumption Mortality Table. The Indonesian Mortality Table 2011 was analyzed for the estimated parameters contained in the Makeham Assumption Mortality Table. Then the premium calcu

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Brotosaputro, Goenawan, Yohanes Setiawan Japriadi, Wiwin Windihastuty, and Rivai Ahsani. "Prediction of Claim Fund Reserves in Insurance Companies Using the ARIMA Method." Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer) 14, no. 1 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v14i1.2331.

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company which is stated in the form of an insurance policy. Prediction of insurance claim reserve funds is necessary because the claim amount varies and the claim time can be the same. If at any time there is a claim that is so large that it exceeds the available claim reserve fund plus the claim occurs at the same time, it can cause the company to fail to pay the claim. This will certainly make the company's conduct decline, customer trust will be lost, and can cause the company to go bankrupt. The problem can be solved if the insurance company has sufficient claim fund reserves. Claim fund r

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Lefèvre, Claude, Stéphane Loisel, Muhsin Tamturk, and Sergey Utev. "A Quantum-Type Approach to Non-Life Insurance Risk Modelling." Risks 6, no. 3 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/risks6030099.

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A quantum mechanics approach is proposed to model non-life insurance risks and to compute the future reserve amounts and the ruin probabilities. The claim data, historical or simulated, are treated as coming from quantum observables and analyzed with traditional machine learning tools. They can then be used to forecast the evolution of the reserves of an insurance company. The following methodology relies on the Dirac matrix formalism and the Feynman path-integral method.

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Sulistyawati, Yuni, and Mujiati Dwi Kartikasari. "Implementasi Metode New Jersey dalam Perhitungan Cadangan Premi dengan Suku Bunga Stokastik dan Konstan." Jambura Journal of Mathematics 6, no. 2 (2024): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/jjom.v6i2.24668.

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Premium reserve allocation represents an obligation undertaken by insurance companies to set aside funds for future claims payment to policyholders. Some insurance companies have faced operational challenges, leading to their closure, primarily due to inaccurate premium reserve computations. This research aims to calculate premium reserve in lifelong insurance using the New Jersey method, an improvement upon the Illionis method. The New Jersey method initiates the premium reserve at the beginning or end of the first year at zero dollars. The majority of premium reserve calculations still rely

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