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1
Cleon, Louis-Marie, and Guido Lauriks. "Evaluation of Passenger Comfort in Railway Vehicles." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 15, no. 2 (1996): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026309239601500201.
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The evaluation of passenger comfort in railway vehicles is very important in railcar development. This article describes the experimental approach undertaken by the International Union of Railways to establish a method for the evaluation of passenger comfort in railway vehicles which has been validated on 800 ordinary passengers.
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Li, Hao, and Ting Peng. "Analysis of Pricing Decision of the High-Speed Railway under Airline’s Competition: Based on the Same Route." International Journal of Business Studies and Innovation 1, no. 2 (2021): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35745/ijbsi2021v01.02.0015.
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National policies on energy conservation and emission reduction call for the development of greener travel. The high-speed railway has irreplaceable advantages and status. At present, China’s high-speed railway mainly adopts a fixed pricing strategy, which has demerits such as insufficient demand and reduced profits, so that high-speed railway has a distinct disadvantage when competing with aviation. Accordingly, we investigate the high-speed railway’s optimal pricing strategy under the competition of airlines with the same route. Two pricing strategies are investigated for high-speed railway use: fixed pricing or dynamic pricing. Our analysis shows that dynamic pricing has positive effects on revenue and total social welfare. The development of high-speed railways is expected to play a major role in China’s transition to a low-carbon and green economic growth model, which is emphasized by the results.
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Lin, Guiye, Luoning Xiang, and Kun Sang. "Scenic Railway Mapping: An Analysis of Spatial Patterns in France Based on Historical GIS." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 2 (2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11020099.
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Scenic railway refers to the trains that operate for tourism purposes, which are mainly maintained for facilitating leisure activities, scenic tours, and heritage experiences. As both an extension of railway heritage and an important redevelopment method, this concept is meaningful for the touristic development of historical railways but has received less attention in academia. To understand the tourism and landscape values of scenic railways from a geo-historical perspective and discuss the recent techniques and methods for railway tourism, this article first introduces the relationship between railway and landscape and the concept of scenic railway in French literature. Secondly, it analyzes the current distribution of French scenic railways based on geographic information system (GIS) tools. Through georeferencing, mapping, data relating and joining, calculating, and classifying, different groups of scenic railways are systemized and published online. Following statistical treatment, the pattern of distribution of scenic railways in comparison with the standard-gauge railway system in France is revealed. Based on the discussions on scenic railways, further study should focus more on the landscape evaluation of scenic railways and its integration with other spatial technologies for deeper geo-analysis. Moreover, the research results can serve as a reference for the development of relative railway heritage and tourist activities.
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Kwiatkowska, Ewelina. "RAMS FOR RAILWAY TURNOUTS." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2018, no. 7 (2018): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_18_07_04.
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The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety is an important issue for the integration of the railway system in the European Union. Rail's analysis of railways shows the necessity to design railway lines with the safety and accessibility of railways. RAMS needs to maintain on the railway line the unsatisfactoriness and rigidity of subwoofer and the highest quality of maintenance and operation.
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Maskeliūnaitė, Lijana. "RAILWAYS IN LITHUANIA: FROM TSARIST RUSSIA TO RAIL BALTICA." Transport 36, no. 4 (2021): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2021.16086.
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Lithuania is a transit country. It is a small but significant territory between East and West. This fact is substantiated by the history of the country railways, which started when Tsarist Russia launched the construction of the railway between Saint-Petersburg and Warsaw. There is not much research into the history of railways in Russia, also in Lithuania. Besides, not all available information is reliable due to the nihilistic attitudes towards Tsarism of that time. Only some of the railways in the former Soviet Union were written and talked about. The history of the Lithuania railway is not an exception. Different written sources provide a variety of dates for the first railway to be built in Lithuania. They mirror varied events in the history of Lithuanian railways, thus all of them must be taken into consideration. The article presents the evolution of Lithuanian railway transport from Tsarist Russia to Rail Baltica, which is the European railway project currently implemented in Lithuania. The article discusses the world’s first railways including the ones in Tsarist Russia when the history of Lithuanian railways started. The article also considers the building of the first railway in Lithuania, construction of railway stations, setting the transportation tariffs, selection of railway employees. The author of the article employs historical and online resources as well as a long-standing personal experience in railway transport. The research into Tsar Family’s diaries and historical novels makes it possible to disclose the facts that are not widely known. The author considers the future of Lithuania with reference to the construction of the European railway Rail Baltica. The article would be useful for the readers who are interested in the historical development and future of Lithuanian railways.
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Zhang, Mengmeng, Jiang Xu, and Calvin King Lam Chung. "Politics of Scale, Bargaining Power and Its Spatial Impacts: Planning for Intercity Railways in the Pearl River Delta, China." China Quarterly 243 (January 29, 2020): 676–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030574101900153x.
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AbstractThe recent proliferation of China's railways has posed challenges to the dominance of the national-level railway authority on railway development. Since the 2000s, the planning of new railways has evolved into a politics of scale in which actors across multiple scales of government have bargained over railway alignment and station siting for their respective interests. This politics is shaped by the uneven bargaining powers of the contending state agents over railway planning. Interscalar division of regulatory oversight over strategic resources for railway development enables state agents at some scales to bargain more successfully, whereas variations in administrative and economic standing further differentiate the interscalar bargaining powers of municipal governments. Different results of bargaining across scales for each city have produced, as intercity railway planning in the Pearl River Delta illustrates, significant intercity variations in average travel times to the stations for the new railways that these cities share. Owing to the peculiar scalar distribution of the costs and benefits of the new railways, municipal governments with greater bargaining power have, contrary to traditional wisdom, bargained for less accessibility to intercity railway stations.
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THIRANAGAMA, SHARIKA. "‘A Railway to the Moon’: The post-histories of a Sri Lankan railway line." Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 1 (2011): 221–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000631.
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AbstractThis paper takes as its subject the 1905 opening and 1990 closure of the Northern Railway Line, the major Sri Lankan railway which ran the length of the island from south to north. It argues that it can been seen as a social compact in which the life of the individual, the community, and the state became integrally intertwined. It focuses on two dimensions of what the Northern Railway Line enabled in Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon): first, a physical and symbolic representation of stateness, and, secondly, the pursuit of mundane everyday life. These are embedded within Sri Lanka's landscapes and histories of colonial and post-colonial rule, and the ethnic conflict, riots, and war which inextricably shaped the railway's journeys and passengers. Railways are more often thought of as large-scale, high-tech artefacts rather than the smaller everyday technologies that are the themes of other papers in this special issue. However, this paper highlights the ways in which railways also make particular kinds of everyday life possible and how, in being woven into routine daily and weekly journeys, the Northern Railway Line came to intertwine the changing circumstances and histories of its mainly Tamil passengers within an increasingly ethnicized national landscape. In the aftermath of its closure, the railway has now come to symbolize a desire for a return to the normalcy of the past, an aspiration to an everyday experience that younger generations have never had, and which has, in consequence, become a potent force.. . . the Northern Railway Line to be opened tomorrow would be a great boon to the Jaffnese in and out of Jaffna. . . it has become possible to travel to Jaffna in a single day. . . At last the railway which was characterized as a ‘tantalising vision’ by a previous Governor and ‘a railway to the moon’, by a quondam Colonial Secretary, has become a fait accompli.1This line has been completely destroyed between Vavuniya and Kankesanthurai (KKS) a track length of 160km. . . The Northern Railway Line is the main line connecting Colombo with Jaffna. . . the third largest town in Sri Lanka prior to the conflict and the Northern Railway Line was in high demand from both passengers and freight. There is a great sentiment amongst the people of the north for restoration.2
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Poliński, Janusz, and Krzysztof Ochociński. "Digitization in Rail Transport." Problemy Kolejnictwa - Railway Reports 64, no. 188 (2020): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36137/1885e.
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Digital transformation in the railway industry is an important element in the development of railways and should benefit commuters, railway operators, infrastructure managers and rolling stock manufacturers. The process of digitization applies to two domains, i.e. customer service and railway companies’ operation. This paper aims to present previous eff orts regarding the use of digital technologies in customer relations and in the field of operations and maintenance, which translates into the quality of services provided. This paper highlights important concepts of this domain with respect to passenger and freight transport, infrastructure, railway rolling stock and railway traffic management. It is also argued that the process of digitization needs properly trained staff . Examples of innovative initiatives of Polish and European railway companies are covered. Keywords: railway transport, digitization, digitization of the railways
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Ren Guangxu and Faraz Anjum. "TRAFFIC AND URBAN CULTURE." Asia-Pacific - Annual Research Journal of Far East & South East Asia 39 (February 20, 2022): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47781/asia-pacific.vol39.iss0.4398.
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The development of modern railways has had a profound impact on Chinese cities, especially, in the context of the aggression to modern China. Harbin, once a rural area nearby Songhua River, has been transformed into an international city of modern China, the most significant reason is the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway during 1898-1903. It became the external force that changed Harbin. With the railway's opened, Harbin became the center of commodity trade exchange, while more and more people settled in Harbin. Immigrants who came from different countries and places brought their own culture and customs into Harbin, which impacted Chinese people who lived in Harbin. Therefore, this paper examines the impact of the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway on the cultural diversity of Harbin city from the perspective of railway-induced social change.
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Guerrieri, Marco, and Giuseppe Parla. "Automated Railway Signs Detection. Preliminary Results." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 20, no. 1 (2019): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2019-0002.
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Abstract Nowadays safety in railways is mostly achieved by automated system technologies such as ERTMS/ETCS. Nevertheless, on local railways (suburban and regional lines) several tasks still depend on the choices and actions of a human crew. With the aim to improve safety in such type of railways, this research proposes a system for the automatic detection and recognition of railway signs by means of the digital image processing technique. First field applications, carried out on the Italian railway network, show that the proposed system is very accurate (the percentage of correctly detected railway signs is about 97%), even at high train speeds.
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Tang, Yuanxiang, and Wencai Zhang. "Computer-aided model construction and database design of railway yard information." Archives of Transport 38, no. 2 (2017): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/08669546.1218799.
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Railway yard is the basic composition unit of railways, therefore, the efficiency and quality of railway yard design have a crucial effect on the construction and operation of railways. Plane design is the basis and core of railway yard design, consequently, it is significant to research plane design of railway yard. In this study, through analysis and summary of the research status as well as integrated application of computer technology and railway yard plane design methods, we researched and developed railway yard plane design system based on AutoCAD platform. According to the characteristics of railway yard plane design, we constructed the information model based on which we established specialized database, with the information data organized and managed efficiently; moreover, we put forward methods of constructing geometric models of the plane equipment, meanwhile, we did a focused research on associated design of yard equipment and preliminarily realized linkage design of planar yards.
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Lautala, Pasi, and C. Tyler Dick. "Railway Engineering Education Symposium." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2608, no. 1 (2017): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2608-11.
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Although freight traffic declined in 2016, North American railways have experienced a decades-long period of growth in freight ton-miles and in the number of commuter and intercity passenger rail trips. This growth, combined with the aging railway workforce, has triggered renewed demand for university graduates to enter railway careers. However, after decades of neglect, only a few North American academic programs are engaged in rail-related research and education. The railway academic community must be rebuilt to meet the industry workforce needs of the future. Since 2008, the Railway Engineering Education Symposium (REES) has been staged as a biannual collaboration between academia and industry to expose professors to railway engineering education topics. REES has prompted faculty at numerous universities to expand railway content in introductory transportation courses and to establish new courses on railway engineering topics. According to feedback from surveys of attendees, REES has evolved to support the growing railway academic community better. Expanding its original focus on new professors, REES now serves as a user conference for returning professors already engaged in railway education activities and is accompanied by online delivery of previous materials. This paper briefly reviews the decline of the relationship between railways and academia, then concentrates on the role of REES in its reemergence. Evidence of REES successes from participant surveys is documented, and challenges on the path forward are discussed.
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Moore, James. "The “last railway mania”: The Light Railways Act of 1896 and local railway construction in Britain." Journal of Transport History 41, no. 2 (2019): 229–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526619873245.
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The Light Railways Act of 1896 stimulated a new “railway mania” with many local lines being promoted across mainland Britain. Although designed to support transport links to remote agricultural districts and fishing ports, this article explores how the new Act was used to promote a wide range of rural, suburban and industrial railway schemes. It evaluates the nature of the new lines built and the constraints that they faced. Despite the initial “mania”, it is argued here that the legislation was not especially successful in encouraging the construction of a large network of new rural railways. The new Light Railway Commissioners were reluctant to sanction schemes that might provide competition with existing mainline railway companies and conservative interests in the railway industry were reluctant to make the radical changes necessary to substantially reduce the costs of railway construction and operation.
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Ozkan, Turgut, Gozde Yanginlar, and Salih Kalayci. "Railway Transport Liberalization: A Case Study of Various Countries in the World." Journal of Management and Sustainability 6, no. 4 (2016): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v6n4p140.
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<p>Today, the processes of restructuring the railway sector and the liberalization of the railway market change significantly. Vertical separation between infrastructure railway transportation service provision and train operations is a significant key element in the railway liberalization. This paper focuses on a research into railway regulation and liberalization in 30 countries. The aim of this paper is to give a comparative overview of the regulation of railways and analyses the process of the liberalization and restructuring of railways in the 30 countries. We test this theoretical prediction using a data base that contains investment in transport with private participation, transport services information from World Bank. Our final results are valid for the period 1980-2014. Overall, the analyses showed statistically significant interaction effects between railways transportation and transport services and investment in transport with private participation. This study presents new insights in theory, paving the way for further research.</p>
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Vibhakar, Dhaval, Suraj Jha, Aditya Kamble, and Saurabh Suman. "Integrated CCTV Surveillance System for Public Transportation." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 3 (2021): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.c2157.0210321.
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The urban center residential district Railway is one in every of the busiest railway stations in Bharat and carries over seven.5 million commuters daily. The railways spreads over 123.78 km (76.91 mi).The Railways encompass thirty-nine stations. Trains typically begin from and terminate at necessary stations. in line with a survey ,the total stats given by the RPF(Railway Police Force) & GRP(GOVERNMENT RAILWAY POLICE), 2,700 railway commuters killed, over 1,400 whereas crossing tracks up until last and this variety has been increasing daily. This is creating railways a dangerous possibility for travel and transportation. The video closed-circuit television used is irving to be not useful and not updated. To overcome this drawback we tend to area unit creating associate integrated video closed-circuit television for detection of crimes and missed objects and explains during this paper.We area unit exploitation high resolution cameras which might focus and might be simply accustomed establish someone and can also be helpful in dark.
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Chen, Ming Biao, Yun Si Wang, Xin Jun Hu, and Qing Shan Li. "A Design Proposal about an Installation to Push the Sand on Railroad." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 734–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.734.
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A kind of installation used to push the sand out of railroad consisted of railway sand pushing installation and railway turnout sand blowing installation. The installation can be set on the pre-panel of the rail car or patrol and check vehicle; which can be used for quick extrusion the sand on the railway and blow out the sand in the railway turnout. Thus the train can run in gear when the railways are covered with a lot of sand. So we can solve the problem that the train is blocked by the sand on the railway. Keywords. Railway installation, Railway sand pushing installation, Railway turnout sand blowing installation, Railway sand cleaning installation.
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Xie, Yongshun, and Chengjin Wang. "Evolution and Construction Differentiation Pattern of African Railway Network." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (2021): 13728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413728.
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Since the new century, countries in Africa have started a new round of rail network planning and construction which brings the completed different features together with the spatial organization of the railway network during the colonial period. Along with the strategic layout of “going out” with China’s railways, the organizational structure of the African railway network will make a tremendous change for the construction market, network organization, and gauge structure of the African railways. Based on the literature reviews, we analyzed and forecasted the evolution of railway network in Africa and discussed the spatial differentiation of the future construction market of the railways from the view of country and enterprise. The results show that the development of the African railway networks will experience three stages: 1850–1960, 1960–2010 and 2010–2050, and that the organization pattern of the African railway network has evolved from the “Hinterland-Port” model to the “Continental Integration” model. The development of railway technical standards tends to be integrated, the gauge type is changed from complicated to single, the gauge distribution is changed from broken to uniform. The contractor countries of the railway changed from English-French dominated to China dominated. The application of railway technical standards is influenced by technology dependence and path dependence and is mainly reflected in the two characteristics of “Chinese standard implantation” and “local standard retention”. The contractor enterprises of railway have a monopoly on the market of a country, CCECC and CRCC are leading, and the contractor enterprises are spatially characterized by four spatial distribution modes: single, continuous, jumping and comprehensive.
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Elkhoury, Najwa, Lalith Hitihamillage, Sara Moridpour, and Dilan Robert. "Degradation Prediction of Rail Tracks: A Review of the Existing Literature." Open Transportation Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801812010088.
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In the past few decades, the railway infrastructure has been widely expanded in urban and rural areas, making it the most complex matrix of rail transport networks. Safe and comfortable travel on railways has always been a common goal for transportation engineers and researchers, and requires railways in excellent condition and well-organized maintenance practices. Degradation of rail tracks is a main concern for railway organizations as it affects the railway’s behaviour and its parameters, such as track geometry, speed, traffic and loads. Therefore, the prediction of the degradation of rail tracks is very important in order to optimise maintenance needs, reduce maintenance and operational costs of railways, and improve rail track conditions.This paper provides a comprehensive review of rail degradation prediction models, their parameters, and the strengths and weaknesses of each model. A comprehensive discussion of existing research and a comparison of different models of degradation of rail tracks is also provided. Finally, this review presents concluding remarks on the limitations of existing studies and provides recommendations for further research and appraisal practices.
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Shin, Hiroki. "Marketing strategy in Britain’s mainline railways, 1923-1938." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 9, no. 4 (2017): 425–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-05-2017-0016.
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Purpose This paper aims to reassess the marketing strategy of Britain’s Big Four railway companies during the interwar period to locate railway marketing in the broader context of railway business and the general development of service marketing in Britain. Design/methodology/approach By a detailed analysis of internal company records, this paper discusses three aspects of railway marketing: the development of marketing departments within the companies, the control of marketing expenditure and the industry-wide marketing alliance. The three areas of railway marketing are examined by way of comparing them with the corresponding situations in other British industries. Findings It reveals the relatively advanced state of railway companies’ marketing in the contemporary context. Furthermore, a series of re-organisations are interpreted as a response to the inter-modal competition from road traffic. Originality/value By characterising railway marketing in the interwar period as part of the industry’s rear-guard battle in the competitive travel market, in which railways were clearly losing out to road traffic, the paper provides a perspective that enables to understand how the “golden age” of railway marketing coincided with the railways’ decline in the passenger business.
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Kotova, E. A. "Directions of innovative development of railway transport." Transportation systems and technology 2, no. 3 (2016): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20162336-46.
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Introduction. The reform of railway transport radically changes forms and methods of business process management. This reform of JSC "Russian Railways" affects all levels of management and all types of activity. The key method of reform realization is competition development in the sector of railway transportation. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify possibilities of railway transport competitive advantages development as a result of strategic innovations conception applying. In the paper are considered: features of railway transport innovative development; strategic innovations conception as a base of corporation growth and decline of competition level as a result of new business models; directions and volume of financing of innovative process in JSC "Russian Railways"; technological providing of company’s innovative strategy realization. Methodology. For achievement of the research purpose general scientific methods were applied, such as: system approach, analysis and synthesis, comparison. Results. In the article main directions of railway transport development according to innovative strategy of JSC "Russian Railways" are considered. The alternative way is realization of strategic innovations conception. Practical importance. Strategic innovations conception which described in the article may be used in JSC "Russian Railways" when changing of strategic aims and priorities of company development. Conclusion. In the conditions of modern market enterprises and companies have to search new management forms and methods to provide their competitive advantages. Railway transport dev elopement strategy supposes rolling stock updating, rising of transportation services quality, efficiency and safety, building of new railway lines and transport infrastructure modernization. For JSC "Russian Railways" in this context the main perspectives are development of human resources potential, assing to innovative development. Strategic innovations conception is one of the ways of company’s competitivenessand efficiency increasing, having a perspective of practical application.
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Popp, J. N., J. Hamr, C. Chan, and F. F. Mallory. "Elk (Cervus elaphus) railway mortality in Ontario." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 9 (2018): 1066–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0255.
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Wildlife railway research is highly underrepresented in science despite documented wildlife–train collision mortalities. Gathering baseline information is imperative to the development of effective train collision mitigation, especially for at-risk or small reintroduced populations such as elk (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758) in eastern North America. We tested our hypotheses that elk–train collision rates vary in relation to railway structure and weather by using a combination of radiotelemetry and railway mortality surveys. Elk were closer to the railway in winter than in any other season. Elk–train collision sites were significantly closer to the apex of bends in the railway than random locations along the railway, and collision rates were positively related to snow depth. Railways may be perceived by elk as easy travel corridors, and deep snow likely prohibits escape from oncoming trains. This study gathered important information about an under-studied aspect of wildlife–human conflicts and provides a basis for the investigation of other species that may be affected by railways.
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Taczanowski, Jakub. "The Effects of Liberalisation of the Passenger Railway Market on the Situation of Regional Rail Connections in Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Austria." Review of Economic Perspectives 15, no. 3 (2015): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revecp-2015-0019.
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AbstractLiberalisation of railway market can be an important instrument for increasing the attractiveness of local rail services and consequently for making the railways more competitive with other means of transport, which could result in changing the modal share in the favour of railways. The differences in the railway liberalisation level as well as in the policies towards rail transport between Central and Eastern European countries are vast, hence the present situation and the future prospects of regional services are diverse. Whereas there is only one railway line in Slovakia which is not operated by the state railway company ZSSK, a few private local connections which complement a very dense network of ČD state railways are in service in the Czech Republic. Poland, by contrast, is a country where liberalisation of railway market is most advanced as several different companies are responsible for transport in the regions. However, the results of this large scale liberalisation are ambiguous as the positive effects (reopening of some lines) are balanced by isolation of the new regional government-owned systems from each other. In Austria, by contrast, the existence of several private and regional government-owned local railways which are an indispensable part of the regional transport networks has contributed to maintain an effective transport system. Although the effects of liberalisation on the local railway networks can often be ambiguous, several cases from the Czech Republic, Austria and Poland show that privatisation and municipalisation may have a positive effect on the railway service as it has enabled to maintain the service on many sections which were at risk of closure. However, the most important condition of the effective transport development seems to be an active cooperation between the railway operators and the local governments as an expression of appropriate transport policy.
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DAS, PALLAVI V. "Railway fuel and its impact on the forests in colonial India: The case of the Punjab, 1860–1884." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 4 (2012): 1283–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000637.
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AbstractRecent studies have stressed the need for micro-histories of the environment so that important differences and similarities at local, regional and national level might be revealed. This paper analyses the process and patterns of environmental degradation at regional level by taking the case of deforestation in colonial Punjab by studying its implication at the level of empire. More specifically, it examines three aspects of how the operation and expansion of railways from 1869 to 1884, a peak period of railway expansion, affected the forests of the Punjab's plains. First, the paper analyses the reasons for large-scale railway expansion in the Punjab by discussing spatial and temporal expansion. Secondly, the impact of the railway firewood demand on the Punjab's forests between 1860 and 1884 is examined, specifically, the conditions that facilitated the increased dependence of the railways on firewood. Next follows an examination of the temporally varying nature of deforestation, given that railway firewood demand was determined by railway line openings. This section also includes a discussion on the nature of the colonial state response to the deforestation crisis and its role in maintaining the fuel supply to the railways. Finally, in the context of deforestation in the Punjab, the paper discusses how and why railway fuel changed from firewood to coal.
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van Criekinge, Jan. "Historisch Overzicht van de Spoorwegen in West-Afrika." Afrika Focus 5, no. 3-4 (1989): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0050304003.
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Historical Survey of the Railway Development in West Africa The present day railway system in West Africa is the result of the transport-policy developed by the colonial powers (France, Great Britain and Germany) at the end of the 19th century. It is remarkable that no network of railways, like in Southern Africa, was brought about. The colonial railways in West Africa were built by the State or by a joint-stock company within the borders of one colony to export the raw materials from the production centres to the harbours. Nevertheless railways were built for more than economical grounds only, in West Africa they had to accomplish a strategic and military role by “opening Africa for the European civilization”. Hargreaves calls railways the “heralds of new imperialism” and Baumgart speaks of the own dynamics of the railways, to push the European colonial powers further into Africa ... The construction of a railway needed a very high capital investment and the European capitalists wouldn’t like to take risks in areas that were not yet “pacified”. It is remarkable how many projects to build a Transcontinental railway right across the Sahara desert largely remained on paper. Precisely because such plans did not materialize, however, the motive force they provided to such imperialist actions as political-territorial annexations can be traced all the more clearly. The French built the first railway in West Africa, the Dakar - St-Louis line (Senegal), between 1879 and 1885. This line stimulated the production of ground-nuts, although the French colonial-military lobby has had other motives. The real motivation became very clear at the construction of the Kayes-Bamako railway. Great difficulties needed the military occupation of the region and the violent recruitment of thousands of black labourers, all over the region. The same problems transformed the building of the Kayes-Dakar line into a real hell. Afterwards the Siné Saloum region has been through a “agricultural revolution”, when the local ground-nuts-producers have been able to produce for foreign markets. The first British railways were built in Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast-colony (Ghana). Jn Nigeria railway construction stimulated the growth of Lagos as an harbour and administrative centre. Lugard had plans for the unification of Nigeria by railways. The old Hausa town of Kano flourished after the opening of the Northern Railway, for other towns a period of decline had begun. Harbour cities and interior railwayheads caused an influx of population from periphery regions, the phenomenon is called “port concentration”. Also the imperial Germany built a few railwaylines in their former colony Togo, to avoid the traffic flow off to the British railways. ifs quite remarkable that the harbours at the Gulf of Guinea-coast developed much later than the harbours of Senegal and Sierra Leone. After the First World War only a few new railways were constructed, the revenues remained very low, so the (colonial) state had to take over many lines. The competition between railways and roadtransport demonstrated the first time in Nigeria, it was the beginning of the decline of railways as the most important transportsystems in West Africa. Only multinational companies built specific railways for the export of minerals (iron, ore and bauxite) after the Second World War, and the French completed the Abidjan - Ouagadougou railway (1956). The consequences of railway construction in West Africa on economic, demographic and social sphere were not so far-reaching as in Southern Africa, but the labour migration and the first labour unions of railwaymen who organized strikes in Senegal and the Ivory Coast mentioned the changing social situation. The bibliography of the West African railways contains very useful studies about the financial policy of the railway companies and the governments, but only a few railways were already studied by economic historians.
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Bureika, Gintautas, Eduardas Gaidamauskas, Jonas Kupinas, Marijonas Bogdevičius, and Stasys Steišūnas. "MODELLING THE ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC RISK AT LEVEL CROSSINGS OF LITHUANIAN RAILWAYS." Transport 32, no. 3 (2016): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2016.1244114.
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The article discusses the problem of railway safety management and the criteria for evaluating the traffic risk described in various scientific publications. The research aims to assess the risk posed to railway infrastructure objects and to create a model for safety risk evaluation. The research on the traffic safety risk with respect to the infrastructure of the rail transport system was divided into three stages. The Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) model can be used for investigating the problem of managing railway traffic safety risks in the Lithuanian railways. The main threats to railway infrastructure objects are defined, and the catalogue of technical parameters of level crossings of the Lithuanian railways is presented. The maximum allowable train speed, the intensity of railway and road traffic, as well as the size (width) and visibility of level crossings from the train driver’s cab are chosen as the main criteria for evaluating the vulnerability of a level crossing. The logistic regression method has been applied to rank and assess the safety of level crossings of the Lithuanian railways. The validity of the model developed in the present work for assessing traffic safety risks at level crossings of Lithuanian railways is about 86%. The suggested risk evaluation model is flexible and can be easily adapted for the evaluation and monitoring of safety risk of other elements pertaining to railway infrastructure. Finally, the basic conclusions and recommendations are provided.
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STRELKOV, A. K., S. Yu TEPLYKh, and P. A. GORShKALEV. "STUDING QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE RUNOFF COMING FROM RAILWAYS." Urban construction and architecture 3, no. 1 (2013): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2013.01.10.
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The article provides the results of the research aimed at determining and studying quality characteristics, i.e. concentration of pollutants, of surface runoff from railways. The research was made at Samara railway stations. The classification of railways is given according to ballast pollution which in its turn influences the concentration of pollutants in the surface runoff. Criteria for putting the railway in the appropriate classification item have been worked out. There have been found and mathematically described the dependence of pollutants concentration in the surface runoff from railway ballast pollution.
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Editorial, Article. "On the Ways of Development of Railway Business (1910)." World of Transport and Transportation 18, no. 3 (2020): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-225-241.
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110 years ago, the professional railway community conducted sharp discussion on the ratio of commercial and state interests in domestic railway activity. There were attempts to use that criterion to classify the existed railways by directions and main business purposes. The discussion also referred to the aspects of monopolism and competition, strict government control over the costs of rail construction, distribution of dividends or their investment in future development, fair tariffs. The problem of, in modern terms, connectivity of territory touched upon the choice between enhancing transit capacity of main railroads and constructing of new less important railways in the regions where they have not been built yet. Quite particular topic referred to the need to pay more attention to training of economic skills of employees as to condition of successful commercial activity of railways. It concerned training of technical employees in railway vocational schools, and of the future executives in higher schools, provided that «in the nurseries of railway engineers who provide a contingent of heads of railways, students are given complete economic preparation for their future activities».
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Krämer, Ludwig. "eu Policy and Law Regarding Railways and the Environment." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 13, no. 1 (2016): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01301003.
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For decades, railway issues were considered, in Europe, as being almost entirely in the responsibility of the Member States. This history is even reflected in the present eu approach on railway issues which has, as one of its political priorities, the objective to ensure the interoperability of national legal and technical standards all over the eu. The development of trans-European transport networks, the upcoming of high-speed transboundary trains and the internationalisation of railway freight transport which are of relative recent date, all contribute to the greater awareness of railway impacts on the environment. Policies can no longer promote railways with the argument that rail is the most environment-friendly means of transport, but are more and more obliged to take into consideration, during the planning and operation of railways, local, provincial and regional environmental concerns. The contribution passes in review the most relevant environmental concerns with regard to railways. After a short description of the regulatory frame, the different environmental aspects of railways – land use, nature conservation, noise, water, air pollution, and waste management – are discussed. Some concluding remarks follow.
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Guo, Xiong, Hong Sheng Sun, and Xi Fu Wang. "Analysis and Reference of Local Railway Operation and Management Mode." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 1075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.1075.
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Local railway is mainly constructed by local investment or joint investment with other railways. It shoulders the transportation of local public passengers and short distance of railway goods, and bears the task of boosting local economy and domestic demands [1]. Choosing suitable local railway operation management mode could help to realize maximal economic benefits with least amount of investment, and best management. Through the analysis of China's local railway company operation and management model, this paper proposes five methods to guide how to choose local railway operation and management mode.
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Reeves, Hannah. "The place of peripheral “railway towns” in transport history." Journal of Transport History 41, no. 3 (2020): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526620918864.
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This panorama paper seeks to explore some of the literature surrounding “railway towns” and the justifications for a comparative study of these towns, as defined by Jack Simmons in The Railway in Town and Country, 1830–1914. It also argues that so-called peripheral “railway towns”, villages, towns and cities not dominated by the railway industry but with significant railway communities or connections, should also be included within these studies in order that the social, economic and demographic impacts of the railways can be explored in greater detail.
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Kreynis, Z. L. "Rail transport — the path from the past to the future." Transport Technician: Education and Practice 1, no. 3 (2020): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.46684/2687-1033.2020.3.237-248.
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On the eve of the approaching 200th anniversary of railway transport, the role and signifi of railways in the history of mankind are considered. A brief overview of ideas and implemented technologies is given, in chronological order, the path that the railways have traveled from slow-moving cars to modern super-express trains that compete with airliners are traced. In the conditions of an intensively operating railway network, professional qualities and the level of training of railway specialists are of particular importance. The development and improvement of a complex complex of railways is directly related to and depends on the level of training. Today, a specialist must perfectly know and understand the essence of the processes occurring in the transport system, the patterns and rules for the maintenance and repair of vehicles, ensure the safety of train traffic and labor safety. It is extremely important to know your past, to remember the path that our railways have traveled. The modern era of improving the transport system shows that railways have excellent prospects. The study of the history of railway transport demonstrates how great is the contribution and how great is the importance of the achievements of domestic railways in world practice.
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Bochkareva, I. B. "Private Capital in the Railway Construction Process in Turkestan (70s of the 19th -Early 20th Centuries)." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(115) (November 30, 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2020)5-01.
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The state and private capital, mainly foreign, were the main actors of Russian railway network creating process in the post-reform period. At the same time, in Turkestan, the Russian Government consciously discouraged private initiatives in the field of railway construction for a long time, preventing private capital from acquiring the quality of an actor along with the state. Although the government maintained a policy of building railways in the region at the Treasury expense, since the 1870s it has regularly received applications for the right to build Railways on the terms of private concessions. The article examines the content of private railway projects and the nature of concession rights that entrepreneurs requested from the government. The author comes to the conclusion that most of them preceded the state's decisions on the railway line construction in Turkestan, as in the case of the Trans-Caspian railway line extension from Samarkand to Tashkent and Andijan. In this regard, private initiative played a role as a factor in the state's decision - making process on the further development of the region's railway network.
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Lloyd, Philip. "The Irish Railway Commission (1836–39) aiming to reform railways in the United Kingdom and to improve the governance of Ireland." Journal of Transport History 40, no. 1 (2018): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526618818398.
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This article uses a range of primary and secondary sources to analyse the work of the Irish Railway Commission 1836–39 and its challenge to the predominantly laissez-faire approach to railway development in Britain. The commission produced a model for developing railways with the state and public interest at its heart, and it advocated railways as a system that was planned to deliver specific political and economic objectives. It thereby threatened railway interests in Britain and mobilised senior political advocates of laissez-faire to defeat the commission. Nonetheless, its work was a substantial contribution to understanding Ireland and the weaknesses of nineteenth-century railway regulation that deserves a more prominent place in the history of the relationship between technology and politics.
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Ruzmetov, Yadgor, and Dilmira Valieva. "Specialized railway carriage for grain." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 05059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126405059.
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This article deals with the worked out specialized railway carriage for grain for the transportation process throughout the Republic of Uzbekistan railway network, with the unconditional provision of train traffic safety, which is one of the most important components of the rolling stock of railway transport. The features of the load-bearing structure of the railway carriage for grain are that it is made based on a four-axle platform and a universal container. Evaluation of the strength of the metal structure of the grain car was carried out following the requirements of the “Standards for the calculation and design of new and modernized cars of the railways of the Ministry of Railways with a gauge of 1520 mm (non-self-propelled)”. Based on theoretical studies, it was justified that the design of a railway carriage for grain with a capacity of 83.6 m3 and a carrying capacity of 65 tons. For the first test of a railway carriage for grain, the number 43925684 was assigned. The proposed new grain carriage will reduce operating costs and reduce rolling stock downtime during reloading operations. It will create the possibility of fulfilling contractual agreements drawn up for small volumes of traffic within the country.
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Ranjan, Rajeev, Prasenjit Chatterjee, and Shankar Chakraborty. "Performance evaluation of Indian Railway zones using DEMATEL and VIKOR methods." Benchmarking: An International Journal 23, no. 1 (2016): 78–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2014-0088.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the application of a decision-making tool for performance evaluation of Indian Railway zones. It basically seeks to analyze the effects of various evaluation criteria on the performance of Indian Railways using a combined multi-criteria decision-making approach which employs decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and “VIse Kriterijumska Optimizacija kompromisno Resenje” (VIKOR) methods. Design/methodology/approach – The performance of 16 Indian Railway zones is first evaluated using DEMATEL method which addresses the inter-relationships between different criteria with the aid of a relationship structure. The VIKOR method which is a compromise ranking approach is then adopted to rank those candidate railway zones. Pareto analysis is also carried out to identify the benchmark railway zones for the under/poor performers so as to improve their operational excellence. Findings – A numerical example from Indian Railways is illustrated and solved for better understanding of the integrated decision-making tool in which the relevant information for the considered railway zones with respect to different evaluation criteria are collected from various websites and Indian Railways annual statistical report. Western and North-Eastern zones, respectively, take the first and the last positions in the derived ranking list. The relevance of selecting different performance indices/evaluation criteria is also discussed. Practical implications – The application of this integrated methodology would serve as a systematic approach for measurement of the aggregate operational performance of Indian Railway zones so as to gain valuable academic and practical insights. It is also expected to provide an insightful guidance to the railway administrators in taking valuable strategic decisions in promoting the service of Indian Railways. Originality/value – The integrated DEMATEL-VIKOR method is conceptually simple and easily comprehensible which can consider numerous attributes simultaneously. This paper enables the readers to gain some valuable inputs from a managerial perspective for Indian Railways to formulate strategies for its zones to foster better performance.
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Lajnert, Siniša. "THE STRUCTURE, ACTIVITY AND LIQUIDATION OF THE DANUBE-SAVA VICINAL RAILWAY STOCK COMPANY DURING THE KINGDOM OF SERBS, CROATS AND SLOVENES/YUGOSLAVIA." Istorija 20. veka 40, no. 1/2022 (2022): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2022.1.laj.39-54.
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This paper deals with the structure, activity, and liquidation of the Danube-Sava Vicinal Railway Stock Company during the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes/Yugoslavia. The company, founded in 1912, was based in Budapest and constructed the following railway lines: Vukovar-Ilača and Šid-Sremska Rača-Sava. These private railway lines were exploited by the state. The stock company was solvent. After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the company’s headquarters moved from Budapest to Zagreb. Shortly after the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovens/Yugoslavia, the railway lines were exploited by the Directorate of State Railways in Zagreb, but after 1921 they came under the jurisdiction of the Directorate of State Railways in Belgrade. According to the Agreement of February 7, 1931, the state redeemed the railway lines of the abovementioned company and thus the company ceased to exist. The company went into liquidation in 1932 and was shut down on April 12, 1933.
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Lin, Erwin. "Measuring Firms’ Input Congestion with Consideration of Environmental Factors: The Case of European Railway Transport." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 1 (2016): 153–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.1.7.
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In practice, input congestion effects appear in railway transport due to the difficulties of disposing of unnecessary input factors. This study measures the output-oriented technical efficiency and input congestion with consideration of categorical variables for railway transport by using the DEA extension approach. The empirical results from 24 European railway companies show that in 12 railways, the presence of weak congestion can be proved. Based on the results of identifying the source(s) of input congestion and further determining its amount, one can obtain more insights into railways’ operation and thus propose more effective strategies for improvement.
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Xue, X., F. Schmid, and R. A. Smith. "An introduction to China's rail transport Part 1: History, present and future of China's railways." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 216, no. 3 (2002): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440902760213585.
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In this paper an introduction is given to the history, current situation and future plans of China's railway industry. The history of China's railway is divided into four development phases: the phase in Imperial China, the phase in the Republic of China and the phases before and after the economic rejuvenation of the People's Republic of China. An introduction to the current situation and future plans includes the major projects under construction and development trends of China's railways. The environment of China's railways is also presented. This is the first of two papers on the railway scene in China.
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Alvarez-Palau, Eduard J., and Jordi Martí-Henneberg. "Shaping the Common Ground: State-Building, the Railway Network, and Regional Development in Finland." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 51, no. 2 (2020): 267–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh_a_01557.
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Transport infrastructure played a key role in redefining Finland’s economic geography. An empirical investigation involving new gis databases that combine data about railways, population, and administrative boundaries at the municipal level between 1870 and 2000 permits the identification of three main phases of railway expansion: The first phase was a concentration of railways around Helsinki; the second, the construction of a grid-based national railway network, which coincided with a spread of the population into rural areas; and the third, an expansion of the railway into local networks when Finland’s industry began to coalesce around metropolitan areas.
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Klapchuk, Volodymyr, Ihor Makaruk, and Mykhailo Klapchuk. "Railways of Galicia before the First World War." Echa Przeszłości, no. XXII/1 (May 9, 2021): 105–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/ep.6711.
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The Galician rail network in Austria and Austria-Hungary was built before the outbreak of World War I. The first railway construction projects were developed in the 1830s. The construction of the first rail tracks began in the late 1840s. The first railway connecting Western and Eastern Galicia was put into operation in 1861. Before WWI, the Galician rail network spanned a total length of more than 4,000 km. The construction of local wide and narrow gauge railways began in the same period. The railway construction process, transport capacity and the railway infrastructure in Galicia have never been comprehensively studied in view of recently emerged data. This article offers a thorough analysis of the Galician network of strategic and local railways beginning from their construction to the outbreak of WWI.
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Branković, Nedžad, Aida Kalem, and Adisa Medić. "Development of mobile communication systems for high-speed railway." Science, Engineering and Technology 1, no. 1 (2021): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54327/set2021/v1.i1.2.
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Development of high-speed railways set up challenges for new communication technologies. With the increase in speed, new requirements for communication systems have emerged that HSR requires greater reliability, capacity and shorter response time for efficient and safe operations. Mobile communication systems are crucial for the competitiveness of the railway industry and therefore have become one of the priorities addressed by the participants in the railway system to take advantage of technological opportunities to improve operational processes and the quality of provided transport services. The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) uses the Global System for Mobile Communications for Railways (GSM-R) for voice and data communication to communicate between trains and control centers. The International Railway Union is exploring new ways of communicating for high-speed railways because as speed increases this system becomes unreliable in information transmission. This paperwork presents an analysis of the evolution of communications on European railways since the usage of GSM-R. In addition, an overview of the various alternative solutions proposed during the time (LTE-R, Future Railway Mobile Communication System) as possible successors to GSM-R technology is given.
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S. Gamdhimathi, S. Gamdhimathi, and Dr S. Saravanan Dr. S. Saravanan. "Evaluate the Railway Platforms Service Quality of the Southern Railways." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 4 (2011): 64–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/apr2013/21.
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Ji, Li, Zhenwei Yu, Jing Ma, Limin Jia, and Fuwei Ning. "The Potential of Photovoltaics to Power the Railway System in China." Energies 13, no. 15 (2020): 3844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153844.
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According to the International Energy Agency (IEA)’s forecast, China will fully electrify its railway system by 2050. However, the development of electrified railways is limited in the weak areas of China’s power grid. To surpass these limitations, we turn our attention to new railway energy sources, among which the most suitable is photovoltaic power generation. To evaluate the feasibility of integrating railway systems and photovoltaic power generation in China, this paper analyzes the geographical conditions and railway layout of China, gives a potential method for evaluating railway asset energy transformation measures and asset energy transformations that are suitable for China’s national conditions, and proposes an application of railway system energy transformation on this basis. Then, this method is used to evaluate the potential of a substation section of the Lanxin high-speed railway in China for reference. The results show that the green energy potential and scheduling potential of China’s railway assets are great and can effectively alleviate the energy anxiety of China’s railway system.
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ZHANG, Xiling, and Yan ZHANG. "A Study on the Mechanism of High-Speed Railways’ Influences on Cities Along the Line." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 07, no. 03 (2019): 1950011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748119500118.
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High-speed railway as a rapid and convenient modern means of transportation has increasingly been chosen as an important travel tool or even a preferred one for the travel of a specific distance. Based on the knowledge of distance attenuation rules and urban gravitational model, a high-speed railway will shorten the temporal distance between the cities along the line, and further shorten the psychological, social, economic and probability distances, thus resulting in the weak attenuation of economic and social distances between the cities and strengthening the correlation of these cities. It is the weak distance attenuation between the cities along a high-speed railway that highlights the accessibility, openness and node-based features of these cities, and jointly drives the alternation of energy for the development of these cities through the catalytic effects, distribution effects, integration effects and gradient effects of high-speed railways. The influences of high-speed railways on urban development can be surveyed at several stages. The governments as the planners and builders of high-speed railway lines, stations and related cities should take macroeconomic measures in a scientific manner, so as to make best of high-speed railway effects and guide the path of urban development towards an era of high-speed railways.
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Geng, Lian Song. "DEA-Based Efficiency Assessment of Railway Diversified Enterprises." Applied Mechanics and Materials 433-435 (October 2013): 2445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.433-435.2445.
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On the basis of depth analysis of the new situation and tasks the railway facing. Ministry of Railways put forward a strategy of diversification. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct in-depth analysis of the Railway diversified business development efficiency. This article describes the basic theory of the efficiency assessment, analyzes the factors which influences the efficiency of the railway diversified enterprises and builds the efficiency evaluation index system of railway diversified enterprises .Based on DEA, this article establishes a railway diversified business efficiency evaluation model. We use the business data of railway diversified enterprises in 2008 as empirical, and the results show that the efficiency of the railway enterprise diversification is different in different industries. Further analysis revealed that ,the relative efficiency of the industry in railway diversified business is closely related to transportation business, and the closer the industry are to transportation industry ,the more efficient it is.
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Nzama, Sipho, and Arnesh Telukdarie. "Digitalization of Interlocking System to Optimize Logistics in Railway Transportation." International Journal of Business Analytics 7, no. 1 (2020): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijban.2020010102.
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Effective logistics management plays a crucial role in the railway industry for transporting goods and people. There is a need to improve the railway infrastructure to meet today's increasing demand for railway transportation. Digitalising the railways help improve the old dilapidated infrastructure which could cause train delays in railway logistics. Interlocking testing is a priority, requiring stringent procedures guided by rail safety regulations. Historically interlocking testing required significant protocols and effort resulting in expensive resource allocation in the form of personnel, equipment, and time. This study examines modernised technology that presents the new configuration setup and improves processes that can potentially replace traditional methods. The findings of this study prove that the use of this new technology in railways can significantly reduce the amount of time spent on this process, increase the reliability, and save on human resources.
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Bogomazov, N. I. "THE RUSSIAN ADMINISTRATION OF GALICIAN RAILWAYS (SEPTEMBER 1914 – FEBRUARY 1915." Rusin, no. 61 (2020): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18572685/61/6.
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The article explores the formation of the Russian Administration of Galician Railways in the autumn of 1914. The occupation of Eastern Galicia by Russian troops was followed by the organisation of the civil administration of Galicia. The Galician railways were initially managed by the Southwest Railways. However, it was decided to form a separate Galician network. On October 25, 1914, the Galician Railway Administration was organized, with K.S. Nemeshaev appointed its director. Retreating from Galicia, the Austro-Hungarian army caused significant damage to Galician railways. The military situation on the front demanded fast restoration of railway communication to transport military goods and supplies for the army and evacuate the wounded. Meanwhile, the population of Galicia desperately needed regular passenger communication and freight traffic, thus the task was important both in the military and political terms. There were many factors complicating the work: the difference between the local narrow and Russian wide gauges, difficult terrain, lack of qualified personnel and rolling stock, and remoteness of Galicia. However, in the first three months of operation, the Railway Administration carried out large-scale repair and restoration work on the railway track, which had been thoroughly destroyed by the enemy during its retreat. By February 1915, the Railway Administration had been able to double its operating network. It had also begun the expansion and development of existing lines and stations and construction of new ones. Two lines were changed to the Russian gauge.
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Antonowicz, Mirosław. "65 Years of OSJD Activities in Eurasia." Problemy Kolejnictwa - Railway Reports 65, no. 192 (2021): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36137/1921e.
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The Organisation for Co-Operation between Railways (OSJD) is an international organisation established on the basis of the “Provisions on the Organisation for Cooperation between Railways” international agreement. The year 2021 is significant for the OSJD since the Organisation celebrates 65 years of its existence. The past years were a period of constant development of the OSJD, full of important events and changes, both within the Organisation itself and in the economic and geopolitical situation of the regions in which it functions. The OSJD has always been focused on the development and improvement of railway transport in Eurasia through the development and improvement of transport corridors and the harmonization of transport law. It is one of the major organisations in the railway sector, actively operating and cooperating with other important international organisations functioning in the railway transport sector, such as the International Union of Railways (UIC), the International Rail Transport Committee (CIT), and the Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF), whose task is to promote, cooperate, develop, improve, and facilitate international railway transport as a means of transport that could meet the challenges in terms of mobility and sustainable transport. As part of this cooperation, the OSJD is focused on the constant improvement of railway transport through the simplification of border procedures and the harmonisation of transport documents, which is exemplified by the common CIM/SMGS consignment note. The purpose of this article is to outline the main tasks and roles of the Organisation in the development of railway transport in Eurasia in recent years. Keywords: OSJD, railway transport, international organisations, Eurasia, consignment note
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Pollard, M. G. "Time Present and Time Past." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 204, no. 1 (1990): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1990_204_181_02.
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The Railway Division Chairman recalls his early interest in aeronautical engineering and then goes on to review his career in British Railways, giving details of some of the projects with which he has been involved. He discusses the role of development and the importance of building and testing prototypes, and outlines some successful long-term developments in the aircraft and railway industries. He then describes some current developments taking place in British Railways which will have important implications for the future. These include a.c. traction systems, noise reduction, strategies to reduce energy consumption, health monitoring and diagnostics of railway systems, non-destructive testing and crashworthiness.
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Dr. S. Sathya and Dr. T. Mohanraj. "A Study On Employees Job Satisfaction In Indian Railway (With Reference to Salem Division of Southern Railway)." GIS Business 15, no. 2 (2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v15i2.18895.
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Job satisfaction of employees is considered as one of the important factors for improving the organizational goals. The Indian railway is similar to the attempt to increase employee job satisfaction. In this regard, human resource management practices can have a critical role. This study focused on problems in working environment and various welfare activities in Indian railways. Moreover, this research attempted to examine the variables on job satisfaction separately. The total 354 collected data from Salem railway division of southern railways have been tested and analyzed by one way ANOVA Analysis.