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Journal articles on the topic 'Of'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Bozó, László, Yury Anisimov, and Tibor Csörgő. "Association of weather variables with the migration phenology and body conditions of Siberian warblers." Ornis Fennica 98, no. 4 (2022): 162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.113447.

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Different elements of weather, such as wind speed, wind direction, precipitation and temperature are very important regulators of bird migration. Weather conditions also play role on the body condition such as body mass and the deposited fat. In this study we selected four warbler species to examine the impact of different weather variables on their spring and autumn migration timing and their body condition in one of the most extreme weather areas of the Earth, at Lake Baikal in Siberia. We also studied the changes in body mass and fat reserves during the spring and autumn migration periods o

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2

Beal, Martin, Patrik Byholm, Ulrik Lötberg, Tom J. Evans, Kozue Shiomi, and Susanne Åkesson. "Habitat selection and foraging site fidelity in Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia) breeding in the Baltic Sea." Ornis Fennica 98, no. 4 (2022): 182–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.113445.

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Habitat preferences and foraging strategies affect population-level space use and are therefore crucial to understanding population change and implementing spatial conservation and management actions. We investigated the breeding season habitat preference and foraging site fidelity of the under-studied and threatened, Baltic Sea population of Caspian Terns (Hydroprogne caspia). Using GPS devices, we tracked 20 adult individuals at two breeding colonies, in Sweden and Finland, from late incubation through chick-rearing. Analyzing foraging movements during this period, we describe trip character

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3

Ludwig, Tobias, Ralf Siano, and Alexander V. Andreev. "Habitat selection of sympatric Siberian Grouse and Hazel Grouse in natural and exploited forests of the lower Amur region." Ornis Fennica 98, no. 4 (2022): 142–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.113446.

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The Siberian Grouse (Falcipennis falcipennis), which is endemic to the “dark-needle” taiga of the Russian Far East, is one of the least studied grouse species in the world. We examined post-breeding habitat selection of Siberian Grouse and contrasted it with that of the better examined Hazel Grouse (Tetrastes bonasia) in two areas near Komsomolsk na Amure, Russia. To infer species-specific preferences, we used field sampling, logistic regression, and AIC model selection, and compared late summer habitats of Siberian Grouse and Hazel Grouse in a mountain- and hilly area in the dark needle taiga

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4

Weiler, Eva. "Vom Gemeinbesitz zum Privateigentum? Warum die Theorien der Aufklärung aus dem ursprünglichen Gemeinbesitz nicht zum Gemeineigentum kommen und unter welchen methodischen Bedingungen sich das ändern ließe (online first)." ZPTh – Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 15, no. 1-2024 (2024): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v15i1.05.of.

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In den letzten Jahren wächst die Zahl der eigentums- und herrschaftskritischen Ansätze, die für eine gemeineigentumsbasierte Lebensweise und politische Selbstverwaltung argumentieren. Entgegen der ursprünglichen Intention kontraktualistischer Theorien, so das Urteil, führen Privateigentum und der es schützende Staat zur Verfestigung von Ungleichheit und Abhängigkeit, und verhindern die politische Gestaltung der geteilten Welt. Dabei sind es gerade die Naturzustandstheorien, die die Idee einer geteilten Welt in den Fokus rücken: Ausgehend von den Erfahrungen der Kämpfe um Land und Ressourcen in

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Eberl, Oliver, and Silviya Lechner. "Der Naturzustand zwischen Kontext und Konstruktion: methodische Bedingungen politischer Theoriebildung. Editorial der Gastherausgeber*innen (online first)." ZPTh – Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 15, no. 1-2024 (2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v15i1.02.of.

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6

Tittel, Laura Soréna. "Das Andere des Politischen. Naturzustand und Antiziganismus (online first)." ZPTh – Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 15, no. 1-2024 (2024): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v15i1.06.of.

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Die kontextualistisch-kritische Forschung der letzten Jahre hat herausgearbeitet, dass die Naturzustandsbeschreibungen der Vertragstheorie auf ethnografischen Beschreibungen indigener Gruppen im Kolonialkontext basieren. Dabei steht der Naturzustand für das Gegenteil einer staatlich geordneten Gesellschaft. Der vorliegende Beitrag knüpft an diese Debatte an, verschiebt aber den Fokus auf den innereuropäischen Kontext und die Abwertungsmechanismen des Antiziganismus. Dazu beleuchtet er erstens, wie die Figur des „Zigeuners“ bei den klassischen Vertragstheoretikern Hobbes, Rousseau und Kant verh

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Varden, Helga. "Leaving the State of Nature. Strengths and Limits of Kant’s Transformation of the Social Contract Tradition (online first)." ZPTh – Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 15, no. 1-2024 (2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v15i1.03.of.

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I first outline how Kant’s ideal account of rightful external freedom transforms the social contract tradition as found in the works of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, before proposing a way to see Kant’s two-layered non-ideal theory as complementing his ideal theory of rightful freedom. This enables us to envision a conception of rightful external freedom and of rightful human freedom in particular societies. These arguments also show us the importance of realizing that the four possible political conditions for Kant – anarchy, barbarism, despotism, and republic – are ideas of reason, which mean

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8

Boucher, David. "Hobbes, the State of Nature and the Human Predicament (online first)." ZPTh – Zeitschrift für Politische Theorie 15, no. 1-2024 (2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/zpth.v15i1.04.of.

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The triadic conception of the history of political thought, presented by Michael Oakeshott in his edition of Leviathan, is a useful heuristic framework through which to explore the idea of Hobbes’s state of nature. Hobbes’s position comes into sharp relief when examined through the criticisms of representatives from two traditions opposed to that to which Hobbes belongs. By examining the critiques by Pufendorf and Rousseau, representatives of the two alternative traditions, we are better able to appreciate the character of Hobbes’s portrayal of the human predicament. Hobbes, as an exemplar of

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9

Lindén, Andreas. "Preface." Ornis Fennica 90, no. 1 (2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133816.

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Suhonen, Jukka. "Book review on Darwin comes to town: How the urban jungle drives evolution by Menno Schilthuizen (2018)." Ornis Fennica 96, no. 3 (2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133956.

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11

Manikowska-Ślepowrońska, Brygida, and Włodzimierz Meissner. "Factors affecting apparent survival and resighting probability of wintering mallards Anas platyrhynchos." Ornis Fennica, September 22, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.121697.

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Survival of adults is a key demographic parameter affecting avian population dynamics. In urban areas, e.g., city parks, birds stay in winter in large numbers where they have access to a multitude of food sources due to human activities, which is one of the key factors that attract birds into the cities. Our study estimates apparent survival of mallard ducks Anas platyrhynchos between non-breeding seasons in a small town in the coldest region in north-eastern Poland between 2005 and 2017. We found lower survival estimates for females (juveniles: 0.54; adults: 0.59) than males (juveniles: 0.76;

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Zyśk-Gorczyńska, Ewa, and Michał Żmihorski. "Ultraviolet film reduces bird–glass collision risk." Ornis Fennica, September 24, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.115995.

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It is estimated that millions of birds globally die due to collisions with glass surfaces. In order to reduce this mortality, it is essential to provide an objective assessment of the effectiveness of bird-friendly preventive methods. Several types of opaque films and stickers are available nowadays and can be highly effective in protecting birds from fatal collisions. However, by being visible to the human eye, they can affect the users’ quality of view from within protected spaces. Products that take advantage of the birds' ability to see ultraviolet light seem to offset these impediments. T

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Schally, Gergely, Sándor Csányi, and Péter Palatitz. "Spring migration phenology of Eurasian Woodcocks tagged with GPS-Argos transmitters in Central Europe." Ornis Fennica, October 5, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.121933.

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Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) plays a special role in the cultural heritage of most nations in Europe. In the last decade, ringing revealed the main migratory patterns of some well studied and intensively harvested Woodcock populations wintering in Western and Southern Europe. The same study sites and populations were in focus when the recently revolutionized satellite tracking technologies allowed the study of individual migrations. In contribution to these efforts, we present here the pre-nuptial migration data of Woodcocks captured and tagged with GPS-Argos transmitters in Central

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Milchev, Boyan. "Diet shifting of tortoise-eating Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in southeastern Bulgaria." Ornis Fennica, September 2, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.121253.

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Top predators may adapt their diets to changes in prey availability where human-induced environmental changes are intense. This long-term study of the breeding-season diet of Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) in the Strandzha Mountains analyzed shifts in diet caused by the population decline in principal prey species, the tortoises (Testudo hermanni and T. graeca). Tortoises comprised 50.0% of the eagle diet by prey number in the 1990s, but that share collapsed to 5.8% in 2014–2021. During this later interval, Golden Eagles preyed more intensively on lighter-weight prey such as Northern White-b

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Vaskuti, Éva, Sándor Zsebők, and László Garamszegi. "Tutoring new song elements to male birds in the wild." Ornis Fennica, August 2, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.120666.

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Many vocalisations of songbirds are sexually selected and socially learnt behavioural traits that are subject to cultural evolution. For cultural inheritance, it is required that individuals imitate the song elements and build them into their repertoire, but little is known about how such learning mechanisms take place in natural populations of birds with large repertoire size. Using a Hungarian population of the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) as a model, we tested how often adult males can build new song elements (artificially modified or originated from distant populations) into t

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Bregnballe, Thomas, Peter Sunde, and Kevin Kuhlmann Clausen. "Occurrence of rats and their impacts on colonial waterbirds in a Danish fjord." Ornis Fennica, July 6, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.120259.

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Human development around the globe has led to great expansion of the Brown Rat (Rattus norvegicus), which has implications for local wildlife and especially ground-breeding birds. In this study, we analyse the colonisation and persistence of rats on small islets important to breeding waterbirds in a Danish fjord, and investigate the effect of rat presence on the number of breeding pairs of eight waterbird species. The islets had an annual rat colonisation probability of 6% and an annual rat population persistence rate of 65% (equalling an annual population survival rate of 62% when adjusting f

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Lehtonen, Pekka, and Jyrki Lappalainen. "Individual variation in song of Black-throated Divers (Gavia arctica)." Ornis Fennica, May 17, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.117869.

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The intention of the study was to determine whether male Black-throated Divers (Gavia arctica) can be distinguished individually by their vocalization. The songs of 19 male Black-throated Divers (BTDs) were recorded in their territories in the same lake area in 2018–2021 in Finland. The songs were recorded in one year in nine territories and in 2–4 consecutive years in ten territories. The song consists of one introductory phrase and one or more repeat phrases. Seventeen variables were measured from the spectrograms of the introductory phrase and the first repeat phrase. These variables includ

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18

Heldbjerg, Henning, Anthony D. Fox, Thorsten J. S. Balsby, and Peder V. Thellesen. "Night-brooding behaviour in provisioning cavity-nesting birds is a trade-off between adult predation risk and nestling thermoregulation needs." Ornis Fennica, May 20, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.117871.

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Night-brooding of nestlings in cavity-nesting avian species carries predation risks to parents. Anecdotally, several species are known to shift from constant adult night-brooding behaviour to leaving nestlings unattended at night during offspring development but the timing, speed of change and sex-specific differences between parents, and the factors shaping this behaviour have rarely been described. Moreover, the location and nature of night roosts used by adults whilst provisioning nestlings has received little research attention. We studied breeding Common Starlings Sturnus vulgaris and hyp

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Bustnes, Jan Ove, Morten Helberg, and Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen. "Reproductive success of threatened northern Lesser Black Backed Gulls (Larus fuscus fuscus) in relation to nest predation by Ravens (Corvus corax)." Ornis Fennica, March 4, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.115081.

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Many seabird populations suffer heavily from the destruction of nests by generalist predators. In this study, we analyzed 16 years of data (2005–2020) on the reproductive output of the northern Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus fuscus) at Horsvær, the largest assemblage of this subspecies in Norway (up to ca. 400 pairs), in relation to the occurrence of breeding Ravens (Corvus corax). A pair of Ravens were firstly discovered at Horsvær in 2010, and between 2011 and 2016 they were observed with broods (2–5 fledglings) in most years. Between 2017 and 2020, human intervention prevented the R

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Teräväinen, Malin, Johan Elmberg, Carina Tennfors, Olivier Devineau, Karen-Marie Mathisen, and Johan Månsson. "Field selection of greylag geese (Anser anser)." Ornis Fennica, September 20, 2022, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.115136.

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Greylag geese (Anser anser) have been increasing in numbers in Europe during the last decades. They forage and roost in agricultural landscapes and may cause damage to sensitive crops. We studied field selection of greylag geese around lake Sörfjärden in south central Sweden where geese aggregate during the growing season. In this area a set-aside field was established in 2010, i.e., a field where geese can graze undisturbed, with the aim to reduce damage in surrounding conventional fields. The goal of our study was to investigate the general selection of the different field types as well as t

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Degot, Enzo, Ralf Wistbacka, Konsta Kaasalainen, Aleksi Lehikoinen, and Laura Bosco. "Effects of predation pressure and nest-site selection on the breeding success of terns in a Finnish archipelago." Ornis Fennica, November 19, 2024, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.145291.

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Studying and quantifying the breeding success of species can help to understand population trends and provide conservation guidance. Here, we studied the breeding success of Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) and Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) colonies in a Natura 2000 site of the Western archipelago of Finland aiming to understand which factors related to nest-site selection and predation pressure best explain breeding success. We monitored 72 tern nests at 4 colonies and observed them during standardized monitoring sessions to record predation attacks on the tern nests. We ran generalized linear

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Kucherenko, Volodymyr. "The selective consumption of European ivy (Hedera helix) berries by the Common Blackbird (Turdus merula)." Ornis Fennica, December 9, 2024, 00. https://doi.org/10.51812/of.148001.

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Seed dispersal of plants affects the spatial structure and population dynamics, contributing to ecosystem functioning. Birds are among the most important seed dispersers. Preferences of birds in fruit and berry consumption are potentially significant selective pressures on the evolution of fruit traits that affect plant fitness. European ivy (Hedera helix) is a widespread deciduous species in Europe and the Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) is important seed disperser. This study investigates blackbird feeding preferences for specific sizes of ivy seeds. Field data was collected in a small sett

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Tikkanen, Hannu, Veli-Matti Pakanen, Olli-Pekka Karlin, and Jouni Lamminmäki. "Survival estimates of GPS-tagged adult Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) breeding in Finland." Ornis Fennica, November 26, 2024, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.144459.

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Adult survival estimates are important for assessing population status and viability and for investigating the role of different anthropogenic effects on their variation. Currently, the rapidly increasing wind power poses a new and severe threat to survival of large raptors. Between 2011–2024, we monitored 26 Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) using Global Positioning System tracking devices in Finland, on territories where wind-power plants are currently absent and eagles are not subject to increased mortality from wind power plant collisions. Using the accumulated tracking data, we constructe

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Freyssinge, Noé, Maria Perkkola, Lyydia Leino, Miia Rainio, and Tapio Eeva. "Assessing avian incubation behavior in response to environmental pollution with temperature-humidity loggers." Ornis Fennica, October 13, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.144957.

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The negative impact of environmental pollution on avian physiology and breeding success is well documented. However, pollution-related behavioral changes during reproduction remain underexplored, despite behavior often being one of the earliest indicators of environmental disturbances and having significant life-history consequences. For example, altered food availability in a polluted environment could potentially perturb the incubation behavior of income breeders. These birds typically alternate between staying in the nest and heating eggs (on-bout) and taking foraging trips (off-bout). In t

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Moreau, Axelle, Clément Rousseau, Pierrick Bocher, Christine Dupuy, and Sébastien Farau. "Home range sizes and nychthemeral habitat uses by the Northern Shoveler (Spatula clypeata) on prenuptial stopovers in Vendée marshes, western France." Ornis Fennica, October 13, 2024, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.142037.

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The wetlands of Marais breton (MB) and Marais poitevin (MP) on the French Atlantic coast are commonly used by several duck species, especially as stopover sites during the prenuptial migration. Understanding the ecological requirements of Anatidae at spring stopover sites is important to define appropriate management actions that might have a carry over effect on the subsequent reproduction success. This study focused on the Northern Shoveler (Spatula clypeata), a species that regularly visits the two marshes during spring and fall migrations and is highly dependent on freshwater invertebrates

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Galarza, Aitor, Luis Betanzos-Lejarraga, and Juan Arizaga. "Apparent survival and dispersal in a White-throated Dipper (Cinclus cinclus) population from northern Iberia." Ornis Fennica, September 5, 2024, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.142115.

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River systems are some of the habitats most drastically affected by climate change. Consequently, many riparian species are amongst the most threatened living organisms worldwide, making riparian areas a conservation priority. Demographic analyses destined to improve our comprehension of the population dynamics of riparian species are crucial in this context. The present work analyses the spatio-temporal demographic dynamics of a presumably well-preserved White-throated Dipper (Cinclus cinclus) population from northern Spain. Using multistate models where we considered the effects of factors s

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Purger, Jenő, Kornélia Kurucz, Dragica Purger, and Péter Batáry. "Proximity of shrub nests to ground nests increases the chance of ground nest predation." Ornis Fennica, July 30, 2024, 00. http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.136659.

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In nature, ground-nesting birds rarely nest under an active shrub nest of another species. In the case of the proximity of the two nest types, we assumed that if a nest predator finds one nest, it will most likely rob the other nest as well. To test this, we exposed artificial nests with one quail and one plasticine egg on shrubs and underneath on the ground, in oleaster shrub rows and forest edges. We found a higher predation on ground nests than on shrub nests in both habitats. More importantly, predation events in shrub nests resulted in a higher predation of more concealed ground nests too

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Squires, Theodore. "A helpful and long-overdue resource for work with mountain birds." Ornis Fennica, December 13, 2024, 00. https://doi.org/10.51812/of.149362.

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The newly released textbook, Ecology and Conservation of Mountain Birds (edited by Chamberlain, Lehikoinen & Martin), provides a comprehensive review of the latest knowledge in alpine ornithology. It summarizes the combined knowledge of over 50 subject experts and serves as an excellent reference guide for professionals and students. Here, the layout and contents of the book are reviewed and an unbiased general assesment of the contents are provided. As the global environment continues to see unprecedented changes, this work should serve as a groundbreaking benchmark describing the state o

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Otterbeck, Andreas, and Andreas Lindén. "Temporal increase in migratoriness and increasing male bias among residents in partially migrating Swedish sparrowhawks Accipiter nisus." Ornis Fennica, December 13, 2024, 00. https://doi.org/10.51812/of.122172.

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Partial migrants have populations consisting of both migratory and resident individuals. These migrants and residents experience unequal ecological conditions during winter and the underlying factors driving their decision to stay on their breeding grounds or to migrate remain debated—both from the viewpoint of populations and individuals. Here, we studied partial migration in a small raptor, the Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), from two different but interconnected perspectives: 1) explaining the patterns and variation in the ratio of migrants to residents (migratoriness) at the popula

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Moreno, J., E. Lobato, and J. Morales. "Eggshell blue-green colouration fades immediately after oviposition: a cautionary note about measuring natural egg colours." Ornis Fennica 88, no. 1 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133762.

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The colour fading in eggs of the Pied Flycatcher was studied in Spain. Egg colour for >400 eggs was estimated at the moment of oviposition, at the onset of incubation, and at the end of incubation. Results, obtained using a spectrophotometer, showed that egg colours tended to fade significantly during the study period. For unhatched eggs over lon-ger time periods of 6 and 23 months after incubation, the blue-green colouration faded further still. These figures suggest that studies on egg colouration should account for tem-poral changes in egg colouration.

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Andueza, Miren, Thijs Valkenburg, Paulo Tenreiro, et al. "Geographic variation in body mass of first-year Reed Warblers Acrocephalus scirpaceus in Iberia." Ornis Fennica 91, no. 2 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133847.

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On their route to tropical Africa, European trans-Saharan migrants must cross two major geographical barriers, the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert, which necessitates the accumulation of large fuel loads.While northernAfrica is the chief region wheremost migrants gain fuel for the Sahara crossing, Iberia is a target area to gain fuel before the sea crossing existing between Europe andAfrica. Despite the large body of studies approaching the question of fuel accumulation before geographic barriers, it is still poorly known which factors apart from distance to a certain barrier shape the

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Grašyte, Gintare, Saulius Rumbutis, Mindaugas Dagys, Daiva Vaitkuviene, and Rimgaudas Treinys. "Tawny Owl females of intermediate colour morph reproduce better and increase in a local polymorphic population." Ornis Fennica 94, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133910.

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Individuals of the same population with differing melanin plumage colouration can respond differently through fitness to environmental stressors. In a local population of Tawny Owls (Strix aluco), we colloected individual-based data on nesting attempts of this well-known colour polymorphic species between 1985 and 2014. We studied whether body size, condition, demographic parameters and habitat around occupied nest sites differ among grey, intermediat and brown coloured females. The proportions of females belonging to each of the three colour morphs in the local population changed during the s

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Pakanen, Veli-Matti. "Large scale climate affects the timing of spring arrival but local weather determines the start of breeding in a northern Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) population." Ornis Fennica 95, no. 4 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133941.

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In migratory birds, the timing of arrival to the breeding grounds can be affected by weather on the migration routes and breeding sites at arrival. Timing of breeding can be affected by arrival dates but also by local weather conditions during the pre-breeding period. Because long-distance migrants arrive and breed late in the season, weather is thought to be less important, but more information is needed especially from seabirds that are vulnerable to climatic effects. I used observation data from the Little Tern (Sternula albifrons), a long-distance migrant, made by bird watchers during 2006

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Trnka, A., V. Peterková, and Z. Grujbárová. "Does Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus) predict the risk of nest predation when choosing a breeding territory? An experimental study." Ornis Fennica 88, no. 3 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133781.

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Increasing evidence suggests that birds minimize the risk of nest predation by preferentially settling in territories with low predator encounter rate. However, little is known about whether they are also able to assess the actual risk of nest predation at the time of habitat occupancy and choose their breeding territories accordingly. Here, we tested this prediction experimentally, using artificial nests placed in 29 Reed Bunting territories and 29 in randomly-selected non-territories located in the same habitat. Simultaneously, we estimated the spatial distribution of the main Reed Bunting n

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Pass, Eliisa, Jaanis Lodjak, Marko Mägi, and Asko Lõhmus. "Complex habitat patterns create unpredictable nest predation risk – an artificial nest experiment." Ornis Fennica 96, no. 4 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133959.

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Although birds might increase nesting survival by selecting safe sites, nest predation is a major limiting factor in natural bird populations. We investigated how forest structure, predator distribution, and nest location contribute to nest predation risk, and whether lower predation probabilities characterize formerly “safe” sites. We distributed 304 artificial ground and tree nests in a forest landscape, following the previous year locations of forest grouse observations (with and without broods). We modelled nest predation incidence using generalized mixed models; we also identified potenti

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Czyz, Beata, Marta Borowiec, Aleksandra Wasinska, Robert Pawliszko, and Katarzyna Mazur. "Breeding-season dispersal of male and female Penduline Tits (Remiz pendulinus) in south-western Poland." Ornis Fennica 89, no. 3 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133808.

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Dispersal during the breeding season is common among multiple-brooding bird species. such as the Penduline Tit Remizpendulinus, in which both sexes are sequentially polygamous and one or both parents may abandon the clutch. Penduline Tits were studied at a large fishpond system in south-western Poland over six breeding seasons (2004-2008 and 2011). Breeding dispersal of 97 males and 44 females were recorded. Females dispersed longer distances than males, and dispersal distances of both males and females did notvary significantly between years. Mating success at the previous nest did not influe

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Hebda, Grzegorz, and Tomasz Wesolowski. "Low flea loads in birds' nests in tree cavities." Ornis Fennica 89, no. 2 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133801.

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High flea (Siphonaptera) loads are typically found in birds’ nests in nestboxes. Ten years of observations, involving Marsh Tit Poecile palustris, Great Tit Parus major and Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus nests in tree cavities in primeval forests of Białowieża National Park, Eastern Poland, demonstrated that the prevalence of fleas was below 10% of nests and that the intensity of flea infestation was low. Low flea loads may constitute a typical feature for nests in tree cavities. Therefore, nest-box data on flea-host interactions should not be treated as representative for conditions in natural

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Oloś, Grzegorz. "Is “banging” an antipredator behavior in Common Swift (Apus apus)?" Ornis Fennica 94, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133911.

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Wegrzynowicz, Andrzej. "Breeding parameter changes in two syntopic urban Sparrow species with contrasting population trends." Ornis Fennica 94, no. 3 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133917.

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The number of House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in urban populations has decreased considerably in recent decades in many parts of Europe, particularly in its western part. In Warsaw (Poland), between the 1970s/1980s and the 2000s a decline of almost 50% was recorded. During the same period, Tree Sparrows (Passer montanus), a species also known to have decreased in western Europe, increased significantly in Warsaw. This paper addresses the changes in breeding parameters of both species between the 1980s and the 2000s, i.e., in the period when their numbers changed significantly. Both species

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Arizaga, Juan, Daniel Alonso, and Alberto Castro. "Are age and body condition associated with habitat quality around avian song posts? A test with male Bluethroats at a breeding site in Spain." Ornis Fennica 94, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133908.

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We explored whether habitat characteristics surrounding the song posts that male Bluethroats (Luscinia svecica) use to attract females and defend their territoriesmight be associated withmales’quality, in terms of body condition and age (used here as a proxy of their experience).Datawere collected at Sierra de Béjar (province of Salamanca, centralwestern Spain). Overall, we characterized the habitat and captured 44maleBluethroats at their song posts in 2011 and 2012. The characteristics ofmaleBluethroats’song posts and their surrounding habitat were associated with both the birds’ age and body

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Trnka, Alfréd. "Offspring sex ratio and partially asynchronous hatching in the Little Bittern (Ixobrychus minutus) population in south-western Slovakia." Ornis Fennica 98, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133983.

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Birds are one of the best-studied animal groups in Europe. Despite this, there are several bird species, including the Little Bittern (Ixobrychus minutus), of which the breeding biology is still little known. Here, I examine the sex of offspring in relation to hatching order, the degree of hatching asynchrony and some other aspects of nesting biology (such as breeding phenology, clutch size, egg and nestling survival) of the Little Bittern in the south-western Slovakian population. Egg-laying occurred from 5 May to 10 July, but the majority of clutches were initiated in May. Mean clutch size w

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Brzezinski, M., A. Zalewski, P. Szalanski, and R. Kowalczyk. "Feeding habits of Great Grey Shrike (Lanius excubitor) wintering in north-eastern Poland: does prey abundance affect selection of prey size?" Ornis Fennica 87, no. 1 (2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133737.

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Diet composition and prey selection of wintering Great Grey Shrike (Lanius excubitor) were studied at two sites in north-eastern Poland: in the Mazurian Lakeland and at Bialowieza Glade. The feeding habits of shrikes were recorded on the basis of 1582 prey items found in 1220 pellets, collected in years 1998-2003. Live-trapping of small mammals showed that in both habitats, Microtus voles predominated in rodent communities, with higher densities of the Common Vole (M. arvalis) in the Mazurian Lakeland, and the Root Vole W. oeconomus) in Bialowieza. At both sites, the two main shrike prey group

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Kryštokofvá, M., P. Fousová, and A. Exnerová. "Nestling diet of the Common Magpie (Pica pica) in urban and agricultural habitats." Ornis Fennica 88, no. 3 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133776.

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Several processes may be responsible for the urbanization of the Common Magpie (Pica pica), a species spreading widely in European towns during the last 50 years. Greater supply or better availability of food could play a role in the successful colonization of urban habitats by this species. We compared the nestling diet of Magpies within (urban) and adjacent to the city (rural) of Prague, Czech Republic, using the neck-collar method, and studied parental foraging behavior and micro-habitat associations in the city of Prague. Although the nestling diet was different between urban and rural are

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Bazhaanova, Anna, Tatiana Sviridova, and Dmitri Karelin. "Feeding conditions in breeding areas and selection of lekking sites by Great Snipe (Gallinago media) in Moscow Region, Russia." Ornis Fennica 98, no. 2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133984.

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Musilová, Zuzana, Petr Musil, Jan Zouhar, and Simona Poláková. "Nest survival in the Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus in fragmented wetland habitats: the effect of nest-site selection." Ornis Fennica 91, no. 3 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133851.

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Nest survival in fragmented wetlands is usually affected by micro-habitat variables. The main aim of the study was to investigate the factors affecting Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus nest survival in wetland habitats within a mosaic Central European land-scape. In total, we monitored 95 nests on five separate fishponds in South Bohemia, Czech Republic during a six-year study between 2002 and 2007. In order to determine the effects on nest survival of nest site characteristic, the first egg laying date and nest age, we estimated daily survival rate (DSR) and built models using program MARK.

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Sinelschikova, Alexandra, Martin Griffiths, Michael Vorotkov, Victor Bulyuk, and Casimir Bolshakov. "Airspeed of the Song Thrush in relation to the wind during autumnal nocturnal migration." Ornis Fennica 96, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133948.

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Birds possess behavioural and physiological adaptations which permit them to minimize time and energy expenditure during migration in a broad spectrum of winds, for instance, by varying their airspeed. Nocturnally migrating birds were recorded by an optical-electronic matrix system, which permitted recording their images and flight parameters in the dark. Among medium size birds, Song Thrushes (Turdus philomelos) were identified by their silhouette, linear size, wing-beat pattern, and phenology. The equivalent airspeed at sea level (VEq) of the observed thrushes without wind assistance (mean v

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Górski, Andrzej, Jacek J. Nowakowski, and Jerzy Banbura. "Variation in egg-size traits of the European Roller (Coracias garrulus) in eastern Poland." Ornis Fennica 92, no. 4 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133881.

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Life-history theory predicts that allocation of resources into offspring size and number should be traded-off. The trade-off may be masked in good environmental conditions and be expressed only in some reproductive attempts, when conditions are poor. In this paper we analyse variation in size-related traits of eggs in relation to clutch size in a marginal population of the European Roller (Coracias garrulus) in eastern Poland, declining as a result of agriculture intensification and habitat loss. Because large-bodied insects that constitute the main kind of food of Rollers are greatly affected

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Alonso, Juan C., Luis M. Bautista, and Javier A. Alonso. "Sexual size dimorphism in the Common Crane, a monogamous, plumage-monomorphic bird." Ornis Fennica 96, no. 4 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133960.

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Male-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is common and related to male mating success in polygynous birds, but also occurs in monogamous species, in which sexual selection can be strong. In these species, SSD in morphological traits not directly related to reproductive function, such as locomotory or feeding structures, has remained difficult to explain. We present the first biometric data of an archetypal monogamous bird, the Common Crane (Grus grus), based on molecular sexing techniques. Males were heavier and larger than females, with weight showing the largest SSD, followed by wing, centra

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Gladalski, Michal, Miroslawa Banbura, Adam Kalinski, et al. "Inter-annual and inter-habitat variation in breeding performance of Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) in central Poland." Ornis Fennica 92, no. 1 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133866.

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Studies at various locations in Europe show that nest-box populations of tits in urban areas lay earlier and produce fewer eggs than do birds in rural areas. Long-term data on laying date and clutch size were studied for Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) populations in two, structurally and floristically contrasting sites (an urban parkland and a rich decidu-ous forest, located only 10 km apart) in central Poland. The peak abundance of caterpillars, the optimal food of breeding tits, was also studied at both breeding areas. We focused on four environmental factors; year, site, insect availability

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Fox, Anthony D., Kevin Clausen, Lars Dalby, Thomas Christensen, and Peter Sunde. "Between-year variations in sex/age ratio bias in hunter wings of Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) compared to field samples." Ornis Fennica 93, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.51812/of.133885.

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We compared age and sex ratios amongst Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) derived from Danish field observations and hunter-based shot samples throughout an entire winter in two consecutive years. In the middle period of both winters, sex ratios did not differ significantly between the two samples. However, first-year males were more than three times more likely to be represented than adult males in the hunter sample compared to field samples and were 4–22 times overrepresented in the hunting sample at the beginning of both seasons. We found between and within-season differences in bias, confirmi

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