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Hariguna, Taqwa. "Implementation of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) in e-Commerce Website Using on Page SEO and off Page SEO." International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering 9, no. 4 (August 25, 2020): 5481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/189942020.
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Sidqi, Fadila Darojatu, and Hendra Marcos. "OPTIMASI WEBSITE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION (SEO) ON PAGE DAN OFF PAGE DALAM MENINGKATKAN TRAFIK KUNJUNGAN." Journal of Information System Management (JOISM) 3, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/joism.2021v3i2.456.
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Perkembangan penggunaan internet di Indonesia mengalami kenaikan yang pesat dan Google merupakan mesin pencari yang paling banyak digunakan. Hal ini mendorong para pelaku industri untuk mendapatkan pasar yang lebih besar melalui sebuah website dan menerapkan metode SEO. Hustle Media Grup merupakan sebuah perusahaan kreatif industri produk dan jasa, photography, cinematography, craft, design, dan printing yang dikemas dalam produksi album kenangan sekolah yang didirikan pada tahun 2014. Website Hustle Media belumlah terfokus secara penuh pada penerapan SEO pada website mereka dan barulah menerapkan SEO pada homepage website, meta description dan pengulangan kata sehingga hal tersebut menyebabkan sedikit adanya kenaikan traffic.
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Kaur, Gurneet. "ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i6.2017.2007.
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Search Engines are an indispensible platform for users all over the globe to search for relevant information online. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the exercise of improving the position of a website in search engine rankings, for a chosen set of keywords. SEO is divided into two parts: On-Page and Off-Page SEO. In order to be successful, both the areas require equal attention. This paper aims to explain the functioning of the search engines along with the role and importance of search engine optimization.
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Lopezosa, Carlos, Lluís Codina, Javier Díaz-Noci, and José-Antonio Ontalba. "SEO and the digital news media: From the workplace to the classroom." Comunicar 28, no. 63 (April 1, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c63-2020-06.
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The constant struggle to attract new readers has led the digital news media to adopt search engine positioning strategies within their newsrooms. Given that readers are increasingly opting to consume their news via search engines, such as Google or Bing, this study explores perceptions and applications of search engine optimization (SEO) in the online news media and identifies the future training needs of journalists in this sector. To do so, 33 semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals representative of three professional profiles: professional journalists, SEO consultants, and academics. Based on the data collected, we created five semantic categories – with 25 subcategories – and we correlated the perceptions of the SEO experts employed by the news media with those of the academics. The results highlight varying degrees of convergence and divergence in perceptions across these three professional profiles. Similarly, the results confirm the sector’s pressing need to attract readers by implementing search engine positioning techniques and, hence, its need to ensure future journalists are well trained in technical SEO, on-page SEO, off-page SEO, in the use of SEO analytics and audit tools, and in the ability to identify search trends so that they have the necessary skills to win the struggle for more readers. La lucha de los cibermedios para atraer nuevos lectores ha motivado el uso de estrategias de posicionamiento en buscadores en el seno de las redacciones periodísticas. Dado el consumo, cada vez más frecuente, de noticias a través de buscadores como Google o Bing, este trabajo explora la percepción y la aplicación de la optimización en buscadores (SEO) en los medios de comunicación online y determina las diferentes necesidades formativas de los futuros periodistas que quieran trabajar en este campo. Para ello, se realizaron 33 entrevistas semi-estructuradas a personas que representan tres perfiles profesionales diferentes: periodistas profesionales, consultores de SEO y profesores universitarios. A través de los datos recogidos, creamos cinco categorías semánticas –con 25 subcategorías– y correlacionamos las percepciones de los expertos en SEO que trabajan en empresas periodísticas con las percepciones de los profesores en el contexto académico. Los resultados confirman los diferentes grados de convergencia y divergencia entre estos tres perfiles profesionales. Asimismo, se reafirma la creciente necesidad de atraer lectores a través de técnicas de posicionamiento en buscadores, por lo que señalamos la necesidad de formar a los futuros periodistas en SEO técnico; en SEO On Page; en SEO Off Page; en herramienta analítica; en auditoría SEO; y en la capacidad de identificar tendencias de búsqueda para que estén cualificados con las competencias necesarias para afrontar la lucha por los públicos.
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Sukri, Sukri, and Zulfikar Zulfikar. "Mendapatkan Peringkat Terbaik Website Pada Search Engine Dengan Metode Search Engine Optimization (SEO)." Jurnal Nasional Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi (JNKTI) 4, no. 3 (June 21, 2021): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.32672/jnkti.v4i3.2973.
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Sekarang ini merupakan era internet dimana semua orang mampu melakukan apa saja melalui internet salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan internet sebagai lahan promosi bisnis. Agar bisa berpromosi di internet maka diperlukan website sebagai sumber informasi yang memberi manfaat bagi pengunjung. Agar stategi promosi dapat berhasil dengan baik, maka seharusnya website muncul dihalaman pertama search engine yang harus dilakukan adalah upaya optimasi off page dan optimasi artikel. Optimasi website bukanlah suatu hal yang mudah, untuk mendapatkan hasil yang baik maka diperlukan beberapa optimasi search engine yang baik dan benar. Dengan adanya metode SEO, maka akan mempermudah pemilik website melakukan optimasi. Hasil dari optimasi SEO adalah website akan mendapatkan peringkat terbaik di search engine.
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Navío Navarro, Mariché. "Penalizaciones de Google: cómo destruir nuestro posicionamiento en buscadores." Oikonomics, no. 11 (May 27, 2019): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7238/o.n11.1905.
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Dentro del conjunto de estrategias de marketing digital, el posicionamiento orgánico en buscadores tiene como principal objetivo conseguir visibilidad en plataformas como Google que, después, se traduzcan en un crecimiento del tráfico a nuestras webs. En este sentido, la disciplina del Search Engine Optimization (SEO) se encarga de ejecutar una serie de tácticas on-page y off-page para promover que los algoritmos de los buscadores nos indexen entre los primeros resultados, pues son estos los que concentran un mayor ratio de clics (CTR). En este intento por adaptar las webs a los requerimientos premiados por los algoritmos, el desconocimiento o la picaresca pueden provocar la sobreoptimización de los sites, que son interpretados por los buscadores como intentos de manipulación o engaño. De ser detectados, las webs que han llevado a cabo estas acciones de manera consciente o inconsciente sufren penalizaciones por parte de plataformas como Google. Estas ocasionan grandes descensos en las posiciones de la página de resultados o, en los peores casos, la desindexación completa de la web, que desaparece de los buscadores, lo que provoca la pérdida de visibilidad y la destrucción del trabajo a largo plazo que supone el SEO. En este artículo, reconoceremos los tipos de penalización y los motivos por los que Google y otros search engines castigan las webs, además de una serie de técnicas para corregir estos castigos.
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Lopezosa, Carlos, Mario Pérez-Montoro, Carlos Gonzalo-Penela, and Cristòfol Rovira. "Transferencia de autoridad en cibermedios mediante hiperenlaces: el efecto de la endogamia en internet de los grupos mediáticos españoles." Cuadernos de Documentación Multimedia 31 (September 25, 2020): e71632. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cdmu.71632.
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Existe una gran competencia entre los grupos mediáticos para la captación de audiencias en internet. Esto está motivando la aplicación de estrategias de posicionamiento en buscadores como un intento de ventaja competitiva. Además, los grupos mediáticos cuentan, por lo general, con una gran cantidad de sitios web cada uno de ellos con miles de páginas, con los que puede tener un control absoluto sobre el SEO Off Page, mediante el autoenlazado entre sus diferentes cabeceras, desvirtuando así el análisis de enlaces, que deja de ser una fuente de autoridad fiable en el ámbito del periodismo. Este trabajo caracteriza el autoenlazado de las webs de los grupos mediáticos e identifica su uso en los principales grupos mediáticos españoles. Gracias a este análisis transversal se ha podido definir esta práctica como enlazado endogámico, se ha elaborado un ranking con el porcentaje de endogamia de cada uno de los grupos analizados y se ha podido demostrar que la determinación de la autoridad web mediante el análisis de hiperenlaces no es fiable en el ámbito de la información de prensa gracias a que se ha analizado la evaluación de esta práctica durante un año
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Wade, G. R., and S. M. Sims. "Muscarinic stimulation of tracheal smooth muscle cells activates large-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ channel." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 272, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1997.272.3.1-a.
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Pages C658-C665: G. R. Wade and S. M. Sims. “Muscarinic stimulation of tracheal smooth muscle cells activates large-conductance Ca2+-dependent K+ channel.” Page C662, Fig. 6: the second half of the trace in A was inadvertently duplicated from B. The revised Fig. 6 below shows the correct channel traces. We wish to emphasize that the scientific point of the figure, the reversible antagonism of the cholinergic response by atropine, as well as the quantification in D, remains sound. The data were filtered at 400 Hz and sampled off-line from digital videotape at 2 kHz. (See PDF)
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Denscombe, Martyn. "Research Ethics and the Governance of Research Projects: The Potential of Internet Home Pages." Sociological Research Online 10, no. 3 (November 2005): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1087.
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This paper explores the potential of research project Home Pages in relation to the growing need for good governance of research projects. In particular, the paper considers the benefits such web pages might have in terms of research ethics and argues that research project Home Pages can provide a very straightforward, practical means of addressing a number of ethical issues related to both on-line and off-line research. Limitations to the use of research project Home Pages are also discussed and conclusions are drawn about the value of establishing appropriately designed research project Home Pages as an integral component of social research protocols.
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Wallace, Tamara. "The Things I Know." Neonatal Network 29, no. 5 (September 2010): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.29.5.337.
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Sha, Longbin, H. Jiang, MS Seidenkrantz, KL Knudsen, J. Olsen, and A. Kuijpers. "Sea-ice variability off West Greenland over the last five millennia derived from diatom assemblages." Past Global Changes Magazine 23, no. 1 (January 2015): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.23.1.24.
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Dame, Russel, Leslie Sturmer, Charles Adams, Richard Weldon, and Kelly A. Grogan. "Financial Risk in Off-bottom Oyster Culture along Florida’s West Coast." EDIS 2019, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fe1070-2020.
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This 10-page fact sheet written by Russel Dame, Leslie N. Sturmer, Charles M. Adams, Richard Weldon, and Kelly A. Grogan and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department explains how to assess the risks involved with off-bottom oyster culture, a method allowing for growing oysters in mesh containers above the sea bottom where they are protected from predation and from becoming buried in sediment. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fe1070
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SMAILAGIC, ANAIS, and EURO SPALLUCCI. "THERMODYNAMICAL PHASES OF A REGULAR SAdS BH." International Journal of Modern Physics D 22, no. 03 (March 2013): 1350010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271813500107.
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This paper studies the thermodynamical stability of regular BHs in AdS5 background. We investigate off-shell free energy of the system as a function of temperature for different values of a "coupling constant" [Formula: see text], where the cosmological constant is Λ = -3/l2 and [Formula: see text] is "minimal length." The parameter [Formula: see text] admits a critical value, [Formula: see text], corresponding to the appearance of an inflexion point in the Hawking temperature. In the weak-coupling regime [Formula: see text], there are first-order phase transitions at different temperatures. Unlike the Hawking–Page case, at temperature 0 ≤ T ≤ T min the ground state is populated by "cold" near-extremal BHs instead of a pure radiation. On the other hand, for [Formula: see text], only large, thermodynamically stable BHs exist.
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Kueh, Cathie S. W., and Gerhard S. Grohmann. "Recovery of viruses and bacteria in waters off Bondi beach: a pilot study (for editorial comment, see page 609)." Medical Journal of Australia 151, no. 11-12 (December 1989): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1989.tb139636.x.
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Bray, Warwick. "The Society for American Archaeology: A View from across the Atlantic." American Antiquity 50, no. 2 (April 1985): 448–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280502.
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My first reaction on receiving the Editor's invitation to write “something along the lines of ‘the SAA image abroad’ or ‘how others see us’” was, somewhat to my surprise, a feeling of guilt. For 16 years I have thought of myself as a subscriber to American Antiquity, but never consciously as a member of the SAA. I have never been to the SAA meeting (too big for my taste), usually forget to vote in elections for officers, habitually skip over the Business and Accounts section of the journal, and grudge every page and every dollar given over to such parochial matters as cultural resource management, how to placate the Indian lobby, or who owns the loot from shipwrecks off the U.S. coast.
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Chenglin, Lin, Ma Xuehai, and Cheng Sanguo. "The Pace of Ebook Development in China." Logos 23, no. 2 (2012): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11111113.
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AbstractThis paper bases its argument on a 'Three Worlds' theory of e-book development. The theory believes that in terms of developmental paths, it is important to understand the worlds of ebook 1.0(e-format of paper book), 2.0(digital-only) and 3.0(enhanced ebook), in which 1.0 represents very much the transformation of traditional print book publishing. That one follows another, a trend as shown and proven in the US and some other markets, is seemingly obvious and inevitable. However, China has a unique situation, in which ebook 2.0 is the first to develop and 1.0 yet to take off. It may also be the case that ebook 3.0 comes ahead of 1.0. There is certainly much to do for Chinese traditional publishing in the development of ebook 1.0, or one may see a completely reversed order or pace of development.
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Girardi, AM, CZP Toledo, PC Silva, and LC Marques. "The effect of age and sex on serum proteins in the Pega donkey (Equus asinus)." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 1 (January 27, 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/397/2014-vetmed.
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In this study sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to evaluate the influence of age and sex on serum proteins in 110 Pega donkeys, 79 females and 31 males, classified into three age groups (under one year – eight animals; one to three years – 33 animals and over three years old – 69 animals). SDS-PAGE allowed identification of 10 serum proteins, some with unknown functions. No age-related differences were observed (P > 0.05) for haptoglobin, α<sub>1</sub>-acid glycoprotein and 23 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP<sub>23</sub>) and no sex-related differences (P > 0.05) for immunoglobulin A, albumin, MWP<sub>23 </sub>and haptoglobin. With advancing age, immunoglobulin A levels decreased (P < 0.001), whereas immunoglobulin G levels increased (P < 0.001). The youngest donkeys showed the lowest albumin (P < 0.001) and 33 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP<sub>33</sub>) (P < 0.05) means. The oldest group showed a higher transferrin mean (P < 0.05) than the youngest one. Animals between one and three years had the highest mean (P < 0.001) for 138 kDa molecular weight protein (MWP<sub>138</sub>). Animals over three years showed higher ceruloplasmin levels (P < 0.05) than the one-to-three year old group. Males showed greater means of MWP<sub>138</sub> (P < 0.05), ceruloplasmin (P < 0.05), α<sub>1</sub>-acid glycoprotein (P < 0.001) and MWP<sub>33</sub> (P < 0.01). Females had higher transferrin (P < 0.001) and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.001) concentrations. Sex and age influenced the levels of the majority of proteins in the serum profile of Pega donkeys, including some acute phase proteins. Our results differ from those of previous studies in the effects of breed and environmental factors on some of the measured variables.
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Galvin, Cyril. "Hutton's Geological Ideas Based on a Sample from His 1795 Theory (Volume I)." Earth Sciences History 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 41–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.23.1.fq43190528873284.
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Sixty-two examples of Hutton's writing, collected at ten-page intervals from the first volume of his 1795 Theory of the Earth, are the basis of this study. James Hutton (1726-1797) described the planet which is the subject of geology primarily by three words: "earth," sometimes implying the earth of farmers, not the planet of Newton; "globe," often implying the outer spherical shell, rather than the sphere itself; and "world," usually described as the "living world." The most common technical phrase in the book is "bottom of the sea." The most common technical word is "stratum" (or strata). Three axioms guide Hutton's thought: a theoretical axiom that grants validity to knowledge from a metaphysical analysis of causes; an empirical axiom that grants validity to observations of things as they are; and a theological axiom that (combined with his theoretical axiom) requires geology to produce a world designed for farmers. The theoretical and empirical axioms produce conflicts that Hutton resolves by selecting the result that eliminates the importance of low-temperature chemical action. Hutton's empirical observations demonstrate a planet earth whose visible parts are dominated overwhelmingly by sedimentary rocks, but he mistakenly infers that most sedimentary rocks are produced in the deeps of the sea. Hutton emphasizes the process of consolidating sediments into rocks. His consolidation is the process of eliminating pore space from the sediments, primarily by heat and secondarily by pressure. Heat creates "fusion" of rock material, and the resulting liquid rock may be injected into the pore space of sediments. Heat also may soften the particles so that they deform under pressure. Neither consolidation process is valid to any significant extent, circa 2004. Hutton's book yields a synthesized petrology with four classes of rocks: (1) rocks, including solidified lava and unstratified granite, that had been made entirely liquid by heat; (2) rocks, including flint, salt, ironstone, agate, jasper, and some forms of granite and coal, that had achieved their present state from "fusion"; (3) rocks, including most sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, that had been consolidated by heat and pressure; and (4) rocks that had been distilled by heat and pressure (primarily coal, possibly petroleum). Hutton included limestones in (3), correctly considering them to be clastic. The dominance of heat and, secondarily, pressure in Hutton's geophysics reduced the importance of chemical precipitation from aqueous solutions, which Hutton viewed as evidence in favor of the geology of Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749-1817). Volume I of the 1795 Theory is unusually paginated in having five of eight chapters end with page numbers evenly divisible by ten, that is, their last digits are zero. Because there are ten possible last digits, having five out of eight be zero is a statistically rare event (one in 2500). Possibly, this rare event is the result of the publisher's actions. Hutton's 1785 Abstract, which does not bear his or a publisher's name, ends at page 30, and it is identical to both volumes of the 1795 Theory in beginning the text on page 3 and having the same typesetters' code at the base of pages 9, 17, and 25.
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Hruška, K. "Hypotheses on the origin and transmission of BSE ." Veterinární Medicína 46, No. 11–12 (January 1, 2001): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7891-vetmed.
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EC Health & Consumer Protection Directorate-General recently published an important document based on papers and reviews discussed by members of TSE/BSE ad hoc group. In this review the Executive Summary and Tables of Contents of Part I and II are printed with permission. For full text and references see the web page mentioned in references.
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Piepenburg, Dieter, Alexander Buschmann, Amelie Driemel, Hannes Grobe, Julian Gutt, Stefanie Schumacher, Alexandra Segelken-Voigt, and Rainer Sieger. "Seabed images from Southern Ocean shelf regions off the northern Antarctic Peninsula and in the southeastern Weddell Sea." Earth System Science Data 9, no. 2 (July 21, 2017): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-461-2017.
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Abstract. Recent advances in underwater imaging technology allow for the gathering of invaluable scientific information on seafloor ecosystems, such as direct in situ views of seabed habitats and quantitative data on the composition, diversity, abundance, and distribution of epibenthic fauna. The imaging approach has been extensively used within the research project DynAMo (Dynamics of Antarctic Marine Shelf Ecosystems) at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven (AWI), which aimed to comparatively assess the pace and quality of the dynamics of Southern Ocean benthos. Within this framework, epibenthic spatial distribution patterns have been comparatively investigated in two regions in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean: the shelf areas off the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, representing a region with above-average warming of surface waters and sea-ice reduction, and the shelves of the eastern Weddell Sea as an example of a stable high-Antarctic marine environment that is not (yet) affected by climate change. The AWI Ocean Floor Observation System (OFOS) was used to collect seabed imagery during two cruises of the German research vessel Polarstern, ANT-XXIX/3 (PS81) to the Antarctic Peninsula from January to March 2013 and ANT-XXXI/2 (PS96) to the Weddell Sea from December 2015 to February 2016. Here, we report on the image and data collections gathered during these cruises. During PS81, OFOS was successfully deployed at a total of 31 stations at water depths between 29 and 784 m. At most stations, series of 500 to 530 pictures ( > 15 000 in total, each depicting a seabed area of approximately 3.45 m2 or 2.3 × 1.5 m) were taken along transects approximately 3.7 km in length. During PS96, OFOS was used at a total of 13 stations at water depths between 200 and 754 m, yielding series of 110 to 293 photos (2670 in total) along transects 0.9 to 2.6 km in length. All seabed images taken during the two cruises, including metadata, are available from the data publisher PANGAEA via the two persistent identifiers at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.872719 (for PS81) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.862097 (for PS96).
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Leggat, Sandra G. "AHR Moving forward." Australian Health Review 33, no. 4 (2009): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah090532.
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It is with growing sadness (but with expectations of time for some new activities in my life) that I announce that this is my final issue as editor of Australian Health Review (AHR). The new editor, Dr Gary Day from Griffith University in Queensland, is well suited to take over, with continued support from Dr Deborah Roberts, the Models of Care editor, and from the Editorial Board. Australian Health Review is over 30 years old and has achieved growing recognition both nationally and internationally. It has been a pleasure to have contributed to this excellent journal. The landscape of Australian health policy and management journals has changed over the past few years and further changes, to better meet the needs of authors and readers, are in store for AHR in 2010 and beyond. Over my tenure as editor, with much assistance from Professor Judith Dwyer, Dr Deborah Roberts, Dr Gary Day, Prue Power and the Editorial Board, and the publishing team at the Australasian Medical Publishing Company, we have achieved many milestones. Amalgamation of AHR with other journals will continue to strengthen the Australian presence in international scholarly publications. The online manuscript service has proved an efficient and effective mechanism for authors, reviewers and editors. The number of papers submitted for consideration has continued to grow, with over 100 papers submitted each year, of which about 60% are published. This large number of papers has meant that I am enormously grateful to the AHR reviewers. The 2009 reviewers are acknowledged in this issue (page 696). Thank you for volunteering your precious time to this most important task. The large number of papers has also meant that the page numbers of each issue have crept up to try to ensure authors do not have to wait too long to see their work in print. This year we established the Australian Health Review student paper awards, and in this issue we have published the undergraduate (page 541) and postgraduate (page 549) student award papers. Please ensure you read these excellent papers by Australian students. We have had an impressive set of guest editors who demonstrate the importance of AHR in Australian health policy and management and who enabled the journal to present at the forefront of key developments in these areas. This issue has a wide variety of papers on topics such as health information, health service utilisation, models of care, public health, quality and safety and workforce ? areas of critical importance for health policy and management now and into the future. Best wishes for the future. Signing off now, Sandra G Leggat, Editor Australian Health Review.
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Witt, Matthew J., Eric Augowet Bonguno, Annette C. Broderick, Michael S. Coyne, Angela Formia, Alain Gibudi, Gil Avery Mounguengui Mounguengui, et al. "Tracking leatherback turtles from the world's largest rookery: assessing threats across the South Atlantic." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, no. 1716 (January 5, 2011): 2338–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.2467.
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Despite extensive work carried out on leatherback turtles ( Dermochelys coriacea ) in the North Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, very little is known of the at-sea distribution of this species in the South Atlantic, where the world's largest population nests in Gabon (central Africa). This paucity of data is of marked concern given the pace of industrialization in fisheries with demonstrable marine turtle bycatch in African/Latin American waters. We tracked the movements of 25 adult female leatherback turtles obtaining a range of fundamental and applied insights, including indications for methodological advancement. Individuals could be assigned to one of three dispersal strategies, moving to (i) habitats of the equatorial Atlantic, (ii) temperate habitats off South America or (iii) temperate habitats off southern Africa. While occupying regions with high surface chlorophyll concentrations, these strategies exposed turtles to some of the world's highest levels of longline fishing effort, in addition to areas with coastal gillnet fisheries. Satellite tracking highlighted that at least 11 nations should be involved in the conservation of this species in addition to those with distant fishing fleets. The majority of tracking days were, however, spent in the high seas, where effective implementation of conservation efforts is complex to achieve.
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Medaglia, Salvatore, Francesco Megna, and Luca De Rosa. "Early Observations on the Steamer Bengala (Formerly Named Mecca and Livorno) Sunk off Capo Rizzuto (Crotone, Italy) in 1889." Heritage 3, no. 3 (August 13, 2020): 891–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage3030049.
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In the waters of the Calabrian Ionian Sea, off Isola di Capo Rizzuto (Crotone, Italy) and at a depth of 26–29 m, lies the wreck of Bengala, an iron screw-steamer foundered in 1889. She was built and launched in 1871 in Sunderland (Great Britain) in the yards of Iliff, Mounsey, and Co. (Sunderland), with the name of Mecca and her British owner was Mr. Ralph Milbanke Hudson Junior. In 1872 she was sold to the Lloyd Italiano company and was rechristened as Livorno. In 1876 her ownership changed once more and she became part of the fleet of the Genoese shipping company Rubattino and Co. with the name Bengala. The steamer was sold for the last time at the launch of the Navigazione Generale Italiana in 1881, one of the largest shipping companies in Europe. Until now, no scientific study has been dedicated to this topic and the few references in the literature are often incorrect. For this reason, in the pages that follow, a broad historical account of the events concerning the steamer is offered for the first time, linking them to the complex events of the Italian merchant navy of that period. This is followed by the analysis of underwater archaeological evidence, with a view to carrying out more detailed investigations in the near future.
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Henige, David. "“It Is a Job I Would Like”." History in Africa 36 (2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2010.0016.
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When I first proposed founding a journal in 1973, while teaching at the Centre of West African Studies of the University of Birmingham, I had four broad, if also vague, ends in mind: archival reports, text criticism, historiography, and comparative studies.1 I first floated the idea with Philip Curtin, and certainly had no reason to be particularly sanguine that anything concrete would eventuate. Timing must have been everything, because James Duffy, the Executive Director of the African Studies Association, soon wrote me saying that Phil had mentioned the idea to him and, since the Association was then in a mood to foster publications, well, maybe something could come of the notion.Matters progressed, fitfully and no doubt very slowly for the anguished editor-in-waiting. In a letter dated 26 February 1974, Jim Duffy wrote that “[w]e would expect the first editor to be responsible for the first three years of the annual.” In my reply of 7 March I wrote that “my own feeling is that I would like to remain editor more or less ad infinitum—it is a job I would like both in its mechanics and from my commitment to the utility of such a journal.”In a further letter dated 17 May 1974 I promised to “see that every mistake is corrected and every ambiguity resolved for the typist's sake,” going so far as to commit myself that I would be “disappointed if there were so much as a single cryptic footnote citation,” at least in volume 1¡ For the first several years / was that typist, retyping every contribution to ensure a clean copy for the printers, but gave this unwelcome chore up in favor of dealing with local typists to produce camera-ready copy. Eventually word-processing and then e-mail found me, and all was well. Of course I needed to rely on those more skilled in page formatting than I was and have been lucky indeed to have had Jeff Kaufmann doing this reliably and intelligently for the past many years.Having a publisher meant coming up with a product, and I was fortunate that enough contributors could be persuaded to audition for the new journal that the maiden issue appeared not much more than a year later, after some toing and froing regarding length, name, mailing lists, and a potpourri of minor issues. On 27 September 1974 I sent off the typescript for volume 1, but kept adding dribs and drabs for another month. No doubt this contributed to HA 191A appearing only in April of 1975, far outside our target date of late October 1974 in time for the Annual Meeting in Chicago that year. At 182 pages this proved to be considerably longer than the 128-page sized number that had originally somehow surfaced as a norm.But enough prehistory. While editors and publishers are necessary, they are no more than the curators of the body of work created over time by a journal's contributors, and there, I think, History in Africa has been fortunate. Like a plane taking off, the size of HA continued gradually but inexorably to rise, from 182 pages to over 500 pages in many later issues. It is worth noting that among the contributors to the first few issues were Robin Law and Jan Vansina, whose work is also represented in this number, 35 years on, and others have contributed over spans of twenty years or more. Along the way, about 800 articles have appeared by authors residing in some 30 countries. How many of these would have otherwise appeared, in more traditional venues is anyone's guess—mine is that only a small minority would have found their way, or even have been written.While little has fallen short of my modest initial hopes, I must admit to disappointment that controversial points of view—or even those less controversial, but not therefore necessarily right—have only seldom been challenged. I had envisaged—apparently under the influence of some latter-day ambrosia—numerous and contentious conversations about evidence and interpretation that would in sum advance our knowledge—or if necessary our ignorance—about various issues, for all history, perhaps especially African history, teems with uncertainties. This simply failed to happen very often, or at least often enough—a pity. On the other hand, the onset of the internet has allowed controversy to flourish in the atmosphere of an all but immediate comment-and-response cycle.Perhaps even more disappointing has been the paucity of comparative approaches. In my foreword noted above, I wrote that “History in Africa hopes in time to become very broadly comparative and to encourage useful colloquy among the various discrete units of the discipline [of history].” This goal must be written off as largely unachieved, although a few papers dealing with non-African topics have appeared. In aid of this, from 1974 through 1984 History in Africa included a “comparative bibliography” that eventually ran to nearly fifty pages annually, but I gave this up when I could no longer convince myself that it was serving any purpose—that body of water was simply not being drunk.As of this writing, it is uncertain what will happen to History in Africa, so I will close by saying that it is (naturally) my hope that it can carry as it has for so long, and that its contributor base will become increasingly larger, more diversified, and more engaged. I am hopeful in this because, it seems to me, African historiography has come farther faster than is true for most new fields of history. The natural optimism of the beginning became tempered sooner than might have been expected, and intramural rumination has not been wanting (despite my comment above), while new sources have been discovered and put to use with encouraging frequency. It is true that to some degree the study of Africa's past has followed the various siren songs of new departures that have characterized not only history but most other disciplines as well, but throughout—and in contrast to the limited half life of most of these new ‘paradigms'—a core cadre of truth-seekers has continued to practice, opening up new vistas by dint of mining for new evidence rather than being content to adopt new theories.[DH]
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Garofalo, Germana, Luca Ceriola, Michele Gristina, Fabio Fiorentino, and Roberta Pace. "Nurseries, spawning grounds and recruitment of Octopus vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean Sea." ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, no. 7 (August 4, 2010): 1363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq101.
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Abstract Garofalo, G., Ceriola, L., Gristina, M., Fiorentino, F., and Pace, R. 2010. Nurseries, spawning grounds and recruitment of Octopus vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean Sea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1363–1371. The presence of nursery and spawning grounds and the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and the abundance of juvenile O. vulgaris in the Strait of Sicily, central Mediterranean, are investigated using fishery-independent data (trawl surveys, 1994–2008). Annual distributions were generated for mature animals and juveniles for spring/summer (the peak spawning season) and autumn (peak recruitment) using an inverse distance weighted deterministic interpolation. Based on the persistence of abundant recruits and mature animals, respectively, nursery and spawning grounds were identified. The correlation between annual recruitment and SST during hatching and recruitment was also investigated. Concentrations of juveniles (nurseries) were located off the southwest coast of Sicily and in the central Strait of Sicily, including south of Lampedusa on the African shelf, but just one consistent concentration of mature animals (spawning grounds) was found in the northwestern part of the Strait. There was a significant positive correlation between recruitment and SST. Results are discussed in the light of environmental parameters, and a hypothesis on possible stock units in the area was developed. The direct and indirect effects of SST variation on the recruitment process were also examined.
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Ahmad, Syed. "On the Bicentennial of the other “Inquiry”: Lauderdale's." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 29, no. 1 (March 2007): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710601178286.
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James Maitland, Lord Lauderdale published his An Inquiry into the Nature and Origin of Public Wealth and into the Means and Causes of its Increase (1804) only twentyeight years after the publication of the “Inquiry”: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, by Adam Smith. A comparison of the titles strongly suggests some relationship, and indeed even glancing through the first few pages of Lauderdale's book confirms this conjecture. The book takes off as a critique of Smith's, and by-and-large remains so till the end. Many of the elements of his criticism can be seen in the difference in the wording of the titles of the two books. Except for “Nations” all the significant words in Smith's title are included in Lauderdale's, but he adds three more: “Origin,” “Means” and “Public” (which is not a substitute for the omitted “Nation”). As we shall see, in his view, ignoring these led to major deficiencies in Smith's work, and Lauderdale set out to point them out, and if possible, to correct them.
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Griffin, John H., Jose A. Fernandez, Ranjeet Kumar Sinha, Darlene J. Elias, and Hiroshi Deguchi. "Plasma Constitutive Serum Amyloid A4 Is Procoagulant and Is Elevated in Venous Thrombosis Patients." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3486.3486.
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Abstract Regulation of thrombin generation by the factors (F) Xa:Va complex is key for achieving hemostasis and avoiding thrombosis, i.e., for the hemostatic balance. Plasma lipoproteins and minor abundance lipids can influence the hemostatic balance. For example, oxidized LDL is procoagulant, HDL is anticoagulant as an APC:protein S cofactor, certain glycosphingolipids are anticoagulant cofactors, and acyl carnitines and lysosulfatides inhibit the FXa;Va complex. To identify novel lipoprotein factors that affect FXa:Va activity (prothrombinase (IIase) activity), lipoprotein fractions from ten adult varied subjects were made by ultracentrifugation and, following dialysis into Hepes-buffered saline, screened for their procoagulant activity in purified IIase assays. Each lipoprotein fraction, except that from one subject (#939) with only 22% activity, similarly enhanced thrombin generation by IIase. SDS page analysis of these lipoprotein fractions showed a very low level of one protein band (14 kDa) for subject #939. Proteomics analysis of that band from normal lipoprotein fractions implied this 14 kDa band was constitutive serum amyloid A4 (SAA4). The biologic functions of SAA4 are unclear. To assess its procoagulant activity, recombinant 14 kDa SAA4 was studied in various coagulation assays. When SAA4 was added to IIase assays, it caused a robust procoagulant activity in the presence of FVa but not in the absence of FVa. Plasma-based coagulation assays, done without phospholipids added, were also used, including FXIa-induced thrombin generation, and FXa-1-stage clotting assays. Recombinant SAA4 was mildly or strongly procoagulant in these plasma-based assays. SAA4 dose-dependently shortened the FXa-induced clotting time from 320 sec to 55 sec; and SAA4 increased thrombin generation by 15 % in normal plasma and by 85 % in plasma from subject #939. Direct interactions between recombinant SAA4 and purified FXa were studied using SPR (Octet Red™) with immobilized-FXa subjected to titrations of SAA4. Kinetic constants gave a value for Kd apparent of 25 nM for SAA4 binding to FXa. Thus, SAA4 binds FXa and is procoagulant by enhancing IIase activity. We then assessed potential clinical relevance of SAA4's procoagulant activity. SAA4 is a plasma apolipoprotein, mainly made in the liver, with a constant plasma level of 4 µM. It is not an acute phase protein, unlike SAA1 and SAA2. SAA4 contains 112 residues and plasma contains two monomeric isoforms (14 kDa and 19 kDa) due to the absence or presence of N-glycosylation at Asn-76. The plasma levels of monomeric SAA4 (combined 14 and 19 kDa isoforms) were determined by quantitative IR immunoblotting (non-reduced SDS PAGE) using the Odyssey IR imaging system (Li-Cor Biosciences) for 110 venous thrombosis (VTE) subjects and 110 matched controls from the Scripps Venous Thrombosis Registry. The Registry samples were from male and female adults without cancer or lipid altering drugs who were < 55 yrs old and gave fasting blood samples > 3 months after the clinical event (see H. Deguchi et al, BLOOD 2015). When the relative fluorescence unit (RFU) values for SAA4 14 and 19 kDa monomer bands for 110 normal subjects were normalized to a median of 100 %, patients with VTE had significantly higher plasma levels of monomeric SAA4 (median 116.4 RFU vs median 100 RFU, p=0.0005) (see median values in Figure). The odds ratio (OR) for the 75%-ile cut-off was 2.1 (95% CI = 1.2 - 3.8, p=0.01) (see Figure). Thus, SAA4 monomers are elevated in VTE patients compared to matched controls for the Scripps Venous Thrombosis Registry. Further studies are needed to replicate this finding and to gather more data towards deciphering whether the link between elevated SAA4 and VTE is causal, consequential or coincidental. However, the fact that recombinant 14 kDa SAA4 binds FXa and is procoagulant in purified IIase assays and in plasma-based clotting assays provides biological plausibility for a causal prothrombotic role for SAA4. These findings also raise the possibility that SAA4 procoagulant activity might contribute to normal hemostasis. Further studies are needed to clarify the details for the procoagulant effects of SAA4 on coagulation pathways. In summary, these results show that elevated monomeric plasma levels of SAA4 are strongly linked to VTE in adults (< 55 yrs old) and that SAA4 itself is a potential enhancer of thrombin generation in plasma. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Chen, Fei, Lingjing Jin, and Zhiyu Nie. "Safety and Efficacy of Rotigotine for Treating Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 20 (August 15, 2017): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3q35d.
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We aimed to comprehensively analyse the safety and efficiency of rotigotine for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD). We conducted systematic literature searches of Cochrane library, PubMed and Embase databases up to April 2016, with ‘Rotigotine’, ‘Parkinson Disease ’ and ‘Parkinson’s disease’ as key searching terms. Outcomes, including Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Part III and Part II scores, ‘off’ time, adverse events (AEs), serious AEs and discontinuation because of AEs, were compared between rotigotine and placebo groups under a fixed or random effect model. For dichotomous and continuous data, risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were taken as the effect sizes to calculate merged results. Twelve eligible studies were included. For patients with early or advanced PD, rotigotine could significantly improve UPDRS Part III and Part II scores (p < 0.001) and it had significantly higher incidence of AEs than the placebo (p < 0.001). Regarding discontinuation because of AEs, rotigotine showed a significant advantage over placebo in patients with early PD, whereas the overall result demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the groups. Rotigotine can improve daily living and motor ability of patients with PD, although it has higher incidence of AEs. Rotigotine might be more appropriate for patients with advanced PD than for those with early PD. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
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Gonzalez, J. B. "Jose, Can You See? Latino/as On and Off Broadway. Alberto Sandoval-Sanchez. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1999. x + 275 pages. $49.95 cloth; $22.95 paper." MELUS: Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 27, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3250632.
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Krumm, Debra K., and Douglas S. Jones. "New coral-bivalve association (Actinastrea-Lithophaga) from the Eocene of Florida." Journal of Paleontology 67, no. 6 (November 1993): 945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000025245.
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The endolithic mytilid bivalve, Lithophaga palmerae n. sp., from the Upper Eocene Ocala Limestone of north-central Florida, sheds new light on the evolution of lithophagids with its unspecialized morphology and highly specialized mode of life. Lithophaga palmerae n. sp. inhabited dead and living coral as indicated by orientation evidence. In living coral, the anterior end of the borehole was sealed off with thick, continuous, “false floors” of CaCO3, as the posterior end was extended to keep pace with coral growth. To date, this new species of lithophagid has been found associated with only one host coral, Actinastrea cf. A. incrustans (Duncan). Association with living coral is found today in L. bisulcata (d'Orbigny) and L. dixonae Scott from the Caribbean and in several Red Sea and Indo-Pacific lithophagids. In the fossil record, live-coral boring has been reported from the Miocene of the Vienna Basin of Austria and from the Pleistocene of Grand Cayman Island in the Caribbean. Lithophaga palmerae n. sp. provides a valuable ancestral link in the evolution of Lithophaga by extending the range of live-coral boring back to the Eocene of Florida.
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MacGonagle, Elizabeth. "Mightier than the Sword: The Portuguese Pen in Ndau History." History in Africa 28 (2001): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172213.
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For scholars of southeastern Africa interested in the early history of the region, the pen of the Portuguese was indeed mightier than the sword. Although most of the first Portuguese arrivals carried either the sword or the cross, they put these down to wield the pen and leave a written record of their triumphs and travails. The documents left by Portuguese soldiers, religious men, and others in the service of the crown provide details that are relative not only to the Portuguese experience but also to African life. This paper focuses on Portuguese writings that describe the area around the port of Sofala and its hinterland, home to the Shona who live south of the Zambezi river on the central Mozambican coastal plain and the Zimbabwe plateau. Both around Sofala and further west in the interior the inhabitants speak Ndau, a dialect of the Shona language. The wealth of evidence left by the Portuguese since the sixteenth century sheds light on changes and continuities in Ndau history.The materials that have survived are amazingly detailed and informative despite their inherent biases. Historians have long recognized the prejudices of the colonizer either creeping into the documents or jumping off the page in a more blatant manner. The examples provided here are no different. The Portuguese, like other Europeans, had certain notions stemming from a Eurocentric mentality that was an integral part of their worldview. In these records, we see how the quest for gold and a ‘civilizing’ mission coalesced into systematic exploitation.
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Akther, Rabeya. "Outcome of grand multi-gravidity & multiparity A retrospective study." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 22, no. 1 (July 8, 2013): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15629.
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Objective: To examine the obstetric outcome in grand multi-parous and the effect of high parity among young women, aged 18-34 years vs. older women, aged 35years and above. Methods: This is a retrospective study done in DMCH from 1st August 2007 to 31st August 2008. For study purpose 98 patients were selected randomly whose gravidity 6th and more. To see peri-natal outcome, the cut-off point of 28 weeks was taken. Results: Mean age of the study group was 32(22-45) years. Mean gravidity and parity of the study group was 6.7 (6-11) and 4(1-8) respectively. Ninety percent pregnancy affected by different complications. Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (14.3%) and ante-partum hemorrhage (14.3%) was more common. Bad obstetric history (12.35%), mal-presentation (11.23%) and intra-partum complications were also common. Twenty two percent (22.46%) pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes, maternal medical disease and multi-fetal gestation. Regarding fetal outcome, peri-natal loss was 10(14%). Preterm delivery, ante partum hemorrhage, bad obstetric history, gestational diabetes and mal presentation were the cause of peri natal loss. Lack of reproductive knowledge, unmet need for contraception, poor obstetric performance and too early marriage are the main cause of grand multi-gravidity and multi-parity Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ante partum hemorrhage, mal-presentation was more common in grand multi-parous irrespective of age. There was no significant difference in the incidence of obstetric complications and in perinatal outcome among both groups. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15629 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 67-71
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Singh, Bharat Raj, and Amar Bahadur Singh. "Glacier Melting, Disaster and Awareness Programme." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 8, no. 02 (December 25, 2016): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v8i2.7147.
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Large ice formations, like glaciers and the polar ice caps, naturally melt back a bit each summer. But, in the winter, snows, made primarily from evaporated seawater, are generally sufficient to balance out the melting. Recently, though, persistently higher temperatures caused by global warming have led to greaterthan- average summer melting as well as diminished snowfall due to later winters and earlier springs. This imbalance results in a significant net gain in runoff versus evaporation for the ocean, causing sea levels to rise. Satellite measurements tell us that over the past century, the Global Mean Sea Level (GMSL) has risen by 4 to 8 inches (10 to 20 centimeters). However, the annual rate of rise over the past 20 years has been 0.13 inches (3.2 millimeters) a year, roughly twice the average speed of the preceding 80 years. As with glaciers and the ice caps, increased heat is causing the massive ice sheets, that cover Greenland and Antarctica to melt at an accelerated pace. Scientists also believe ice-melt water from above and seawater from below is seeping beneath Greenland's and West Antarctica's ice sheets, effectively lubricating ice streams and causing them to move more quickly into the sea. Moreover, higher sea temperatures are causing the massive ice shelves that extend out from Antarctica to melt from below, weaken, and break off. When sea levels rise rapidly, as they have been doing, even a small increase can have devastating effect on coastal habitats. As seawater reaches farther inland, it can cause destructive erosion, flooding of wetlands, contamination of aquifers and agricultural soils, and lost habitat for fish, birds, and plants. When large storms hit land, higher sea levels mean bigger, more powerful storm surges that can strip away everything in their path. In addition, hundreds of millions of people live in areas that will become increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Higher sea levels would force them to abandon their homes and relocate. Low-lying islands could be submerged completely. Thus, it needs launching of serious awareness programme through print media, electronic media to curb the glacier melting by reducing heavy consumption of hydrocarbon and focus on zero pollution researches to develop energy production alternatives.
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Eby, D., and J. Woods. "P052: The importance of structured ambulance radio patches during termination of resuscitation calls." CJEM 19, S1 (May 2017): S95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.254.
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Introduction: Pre-hospital telecommunication (patches) requires a special type of conversation. Receiving and processing correct information is critical when making clinical decisions, such as a termination of resuscitation (ToR). In a study of radio patches, a common patch structure emerged from the data analysis. Use of this standard structure resulted in shorter and less confusing patches. We sought to understand patch structure to be able to target interventions to improve the quality and efficiency of communication needed for critical clinical decisions. Methods: We undertook a retrospective analysis of all ToR patches between physicians and paramedics from 4 paramedic services, recorded by the Ambulance Dispatch Centre between Jan 01-Dec 31, 2014. Four services used Primary Care Paramedics and 1 service also used Advanced Care Paramedics. MP3 patch recording files were anonymized, transcribed, and read multiple times by the authors. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using mixed methods-quantitative descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic framework analysis. Results: The data set was 127 ToR patches-466 pages of transcripts. 116 patches (91.3%) had a standard structure (SS): participant introduction, clinical data presentation, clarification of data, making the decision, exchange of administrative information, and sign off. Paramedics used a mean of 81 words (95CI 74,88) to present the ‘clinical data’. Enough data was presented to meet ToR rule criteria in 52 cases (44.8%). Before making a decision to terminate resuscitation, physicians sought clarification in 100 cases (78.7%). After making the ToR decision, some physicians needed to justify their decision by seeking more data in 17 cases (13.4%). Exchange of non-clinical information (numbers, times, name spellings) took a mean of 200 words (95CI 172,228) and averaged 84 seconds or 35% of the average patch time. SS patches used a mean of 558 words, and lasted 234 sec (95CI 215,252). Non-SS patches used a mean of 654 words and lasted 286 sec (95CI 240,332). Conclusion: The most common patch structure consisted of participant introduction, data presentation, clarification of data, making the clinical decision, exchange of administrative information, and a sign off. Deviation from this SS resulted in longer patches. When a non-SS patch structure was used, the patching paramedic was tied up 25% longer and unavailable to provide patient care.
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Morgan, Lynn M. "The Embryography of Alice B. Toklas." Comparative Studies in Society and History 50, no. 1 (January 2008): 304–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417508000145.
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When Gertrude Stein (1874–1946) was a medical student at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore, she spent the autumn of 1901 constructing an anatomical model of a young human brain. Most accounts call it an “embryo” brain, although as we shall see it likely belonged to a fetus or infant. The assignment was her final opportunity to obtain the medical degree after failing four classes in the spring of her senior year. Her anatomy professor, Franklin Paine Mall (1982–1917), offered her a second chance to graduate if she would finish her brain model and write an accompanying manuscript. Stein eventually produced sixty-three drawings and “roughly twenty-five pages of text,” in addition to the model itself (Meyer 2001: 89). She submitted the work in January 1902, but Mall judged it as inept and threw it away. Stein set off for Europe, leaving medicine behind forever. She settled in Paris where she became an avant-garde writer most notably known for her book supposedly chronicling the life of Alice Babette Toklas (1877–1967), who was Stein's longtime lover, secretary, editor, cook, and companion. The book, published in 1933, narrated the life of the inimitable Gertrude Stein, although it was playfully titled The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas.
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Wade, Owen. "The Treatment of a Dictator." Journal of Medical Biography 11, no. 2 (May 2003): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096777200301100216.
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In 1973 Mr Richard Hughes, who was working on the third novel of his trilogy on the rise of the Nazi Party and Adolf Hitler, came to see me regarding a document, some 300 pages long, on the medical treatment given by Dr Theodore Morell to Hitler. The document had been obtained at the Nuremberg war trials. My original report to Hughes on the content of this document is reproduced here.
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Jackson, Mark. "Images of deviance: visual representations of mental defectives in early twentieth-century medical texts." British Journal for the History of Science 28, no. 3 (September 1995): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087400033185.
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In his Feeblemindedness in Children of School-Age, first published in 1911, Charles Paget Lapage, physician to the Manchester Children's Hospital, wrote that one ‘only has to watch a group of feebleminded children to see that most of them have some peculiarity’. These words appear towards the end of an extensive discussion of the physical characteristics that could be found in feeble-minded children and are accompanied by a plate comprising four photographs of ‘Feebleminded Children showing Defective Expression’ (Figure 1).
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Dvořáček, V., and V. Čurn. "Evaluation of protein fractions as biochemical markers for identification of spelt wheat cultivars (Triticum spelta L.)." Plant, Soil and Environment 49, No. 3 (December 10, 2011): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4097-pse.
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Four protein fractions: 1 – albumins and globulins, 2 – gliadins, 3 – glutenins (extracted in NaOH), 4 – glutenins (extracted in SDS) separated by SDS-PAGE were used as biochemical markers for evaluation of polymorphism level in three spelt wheat cultivars – Hercule, Altgold and Rouquin, three new–breeders’ spelt lines – H92.27, H92.28 and M92.20 (originated from hybridisation between spelt and common wheat) and reference common wheat cultivar Brea. Electrophoretic phenotypes and zymograms were evaluated by means of digital image analysis and Nei and Li coefficient of similarity was used to evaluate the relation of analysed genotypes. Entire evaluation of all four-marker systems showed differences between common wheat cultivarBreaand spelt cultivars and spelt breeders’ lines. Also significant differences between old spelt cultivars (Hercule, Altgold and Rouquin) and new spelt breeders’ lines were found. The reality of the mutual passing of protein fractions (gliadins and glutenins), based on Osborne extraction was confirmed. In this sense it is necessary to see both fractions as dynamic overlapping structures.
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Seale, Patrick. "The Syria-Israel Negotiations: Who Is Telling the Truth?" Journal of Palestine Studies 29, no. 2 (January 1, 2000): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2676537.
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On 8 December 1999, President Clinton announced that Syrian-Israeli negotiations were to resume "where they left off" and "on the basis of all previous negotiations between the United States and Syria-I mean between Syria and Israel, and with the United States" (see Doc. C). The president's statement did not, however, give any detail as to what the two sides had actually agreed to when the talks ended in March 1996, including Syria's contention that Prime Ministers Rabin and Peres had committed Israel to full withdrawal from the Golan to the 4 June 1967 frontier. It is for this reason that the following account of the negotiations, by Asad's biographer Patrick Seale, is so important. Based on American and Syrian sources, Seale's article is the most extensive and comprehensive account of the Israeli "commitment" ever published. First delivered as a lecture at the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House), London, on 23 November 1999, it was published in three installments in the pan-Arab daily al-Hayat on 21, 22, and 23 November and was immediately picked up in the Israeli press; Yedi'ot Aharonot published large extracts in its four-page spread on the report. It is noteworthy that neither Prime Minister Barak norformer prime minister Peres denied the veracity of Seale's account. Barak simply stated, "The Americans, the Syrians, and the Israelis are aware of what took place," while Peres limited himself to commenting, "I endorsed everything that Rabin committed himself to." Patrick Seale, a British writer and Middle East expert, is credited with having a role in restarting the process following Prime Minister Barak's. election, carrying a series of "messages" between Barak and Asad in June 1999. The text was slightly amended and shortened with the approval of the author.
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Tabassum, Mariya, Miliva Mozaffor, Md Matiur Rahman, and Reaz Mahmud Huda. "Triglycerides and Glucose Index as Potential Marker of Metabolic Syndrome." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 5, no. 1 (July 5, 2020): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v5i1.239.
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Background:Triglycerides and Glucose Index (TyG index), a product from fasting levels of triglycerides and glucose, presented promising results as apotential marker of metabolic syndrome in different ethnicity. However, no such reports are available in our population to date.Objective: To see the effectiveness of ‘Triglycerides and Glucose Index’ to predict metabolic syndromein a Bangladeshi population.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, from March 2016 to February 2017. A total of 200 apparently healthy subjects (127 men and 73 women) were selected for the study, who attended the out-patient-departments of the same institution. Anthropometric measurements were recorded – height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). Overnight fasting blood samples were collected to estimate fasting serum glucose andlipid profile. Then TyG index was calculated and evaluated as a tool in diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in the study subjects.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the performance of TyG index in MetS prediction by gender. The power of MetS prediction was quantified by the area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of TyG index to predict metabolic syndrome were 70.45%, 82.14%, 75.61% and 77.97%in males and 25.00%, 97.32%, 88.00% and 62.29%in females respectively. ROC curve showed optimal cut off value 8.72 and area under the curve 0.72 in male study subjects; in female study subjects, the values were 8.72 and 0.96 respectively (P<0.001).Conclusion:Triglycerides and Glucose Index (TyG index) represents a simple,accessible and effective tool for assessment of metabolic syndrome in Bangladeshi population.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 85-89
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Pérez Martínez, José Emilio. "Representaciones de lo alternativo en el Madrid de tránsito a la democracia. El caso de la (contra)cultura mediática de las radios libres (1976-1989)." RIHC. Revista Internacional de Historia de la Comunicación 2, no. 15 (2020): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/rihc.2020.i15.05.
Full textAbstract:
In the 1980s, a multitude of small radio stations proliferated in the Spanish ether, posing a new way of doing and understanding communication, and constituting a new social movement: that of free radios. A movement that was born and grew within an alternative subculture, close to the radical left, for which it played the role of an instance of ideological production and reproduction. In these pages we will see how the media counterculture that surrounded these stations generated a subcultural style based on the transformation and resignification of language that helped to build an identity and a representation of the alternative in Madrid during the Transition to democracy. Keywords: free radios, alternative communication, subculture, Spanish Transition
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Kumar, Anita, and T. K. Biswas. "A study of timed get up and go scores as falls risk assessment in elderly in a tertiary care centre." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200519.
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Background: Early detection of falls risk in the community dwelling elderly helps to take preventive measures to avoid falls and hence decrease morbidity associated with falls. Falls are a serious threat to independent living and self-confidence of the elderly. Using simple tools to determine risk of falls helps in early detection and prevention of falls. Aims and objectives of the study was to establish TUG data among patients attending the geriatric clinic at MGM hospital, Kamothe and to determine risk of falls in these patients with respect to their systemic involvement.Methods: A prospective observational study of 100 geriatric age group patients were studied for their TUG scores and classified based on systems involved. TUG was performed using standard protocol and scores were stratified based on gender, age and diagnosis. Participants were required to perform TUG and were instructed to rise from an armless chair walk 3 meters and turn around at the chalk mark, walk back, and sit. They were instructed to walk at a normal pace without walking aids and shoes. Time was recorded when participants’ buttocks were lifted off the chair to stand and stopped when the buttocks touched the seat when returning to sitting position.Results: The results showed that the average TUG score of this cohort of 100 patients attending our geriatric outpatient clinic was 13 sec. 60 Males and 40 females were analyzed of which 38 patients had less than 12 s as TUG score and 62 patients had more than or equal to 12 sec as TUG score. Maximum number of patients undergoing the TUG test had musculoskeletal complaints. Yet patients with respiratory conditions had the highest mean TUG score of 14 sec and patients with abdominal and CNS conditions had lowest mean TUG scores.Conclusions: This study of TUG score of cohort of 100 patients showed that average TUG score was 13 sec which was higher than 12 second mark which indicates that these patients who did not have any previous fall had a risk of future falls and hence a requirement of an in depth mobility assessment and early intervention.
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Hom-ma, Masashi, and Kiyoshi Horikawa. "COASTAL PROTECTION WORKS AND RELATED PROBLEMS IN JAPAN." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 7 (January 29, 2011): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v7.53.
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Japan consists of 4 main islands named Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, which, together with numerous smaller islands scattered around, are so aligned as to form a slightly bent arc off the eastern fringe of the Asiatic Continent. (See Fig. 1.) The dominant geographies of these islands are represented by relatively high mountains located in the center and narrow strips of plane lands lying along the coastlines. It is in these coastal planes that the cores of the Japanese industrial and other economical activities are deployed with swarming population. The entire area of Japan is approximately 320,000 km2 and the surrounding coastlines are 14,560 km long. Traditionally the economy of Japan depended heavily on agriculture and fishery, which necessitated active reclamation works around the estuarine lowlands as well as establishment of small fishery ports in great numbers at various parts of Japan. The growth of her economical potency came to cast floodlight on the importance of marine transportation, and the commercial ports came to thrive at numerous estuary harbors. The land extension works along the coast line are even flourishing today, but they are aimed at creating the sites for modern industries. It should be emphasized that Japan has been utilizing the coastal areas to an utmost extent for survival as well as prosperity, and further that this trend is destined to persist also in the future in order to keep pace with her economical development.
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Mercuri, Anna Maria, Assunta Florenzano, Rita Terenziani, Elisa Furia, Daniele Dallai, and Paola Torri. "Middle- to late-Holocene fire history and the impact on Mediterranean pine and oak forests according to the core RF93-30, central Adriatic Sea." Holocene 29, no. 8 (May 9, 2019): 1362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619846982.
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The high-resolution Adriatic RF93-30 core shows changes in its microcharcoal record, which correlate to terrestrial fires from the last 7000 years. Pollen and microcharcoals were transported by wind and fluvial transport from the sedimentary basin, including the Po River and other rivers flowing into the sea off the Italian east coast. Charcoal particles and pollen were counted in the same samples, and the maximum breadth and length of charcoal particles were measured. Microcharcoals with large dimensions were taken as fire indicators occurring along the near coast, as they probably arrived from short distances, the nearest being in Apulia, in southern Italy. The age–depth model was developed within the multidisciplinary PALICLAS project. Several potential fire activity increases (PFAIs) were visible as peaks in the diagram. The oldest PFAIs occurred at the middle Holocene (approximately dated to c. 6730, 5430, 4150 cal BP), others occurred at the late Holocene ( c. 3760, 2660, 2240, 2030, 1930, 1510 cal BP) and during the last millennium ( c. 900–865, 530, 120–96 cal BP). The two oldest peaks in the diagram, occurring in the 7th–6th millennia, showed the highest contribution of charcoal corresponding to the highest values of arboreal pollen (AP) in the sedimentary record. Although the CHAR peaks did not represent a single fire event, the diagram suggests a good correspondence between paleofire activity and terrestrial vegetation biomass during this early phase. Pollen containing black particles was observed, which suggested some grains were transported in suspension with winds from burned woods. The main unambiguous anthropogenic fire causation would have occurred during the last four millennia. From 4.2 ka, it became hard to disentangle climate and Bronze Age actions. Technology and human activity probably improved the pace of fire events, especially involving oak woods, with evidence of an increase of CHAR during the last millennium.
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Amiri Chayjan, R., K. Salari, and B. Shadidi. " Modeling some drying characteristics of garlic sheets under semi fluidized and fluidized bed conditions." Research in Agricultural Engineering 58, No. 2 (June 13, 2012): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2011-rae.
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Thin layer drying properties of high moisture garlic sheets under semi fluidized and fluidized bed conditions with high initial moisture content (about 154.26% d.b.) were studied. Air temperatures of 50, 60, 70 and 80°C were applied to garlic samples. Among the applied models, Page model was the best to predict the thin layer drying behavior of garlic sheets. Using this model, correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) was high for all drying cases. The computed values of D<sub>eff</sub> were between 3.38 × 10<sup>–10</sup> and 2.54 × 10<sup>–9</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s during the falling rate drying. Values of D<sub>eff</sub> for garlic sheets were also increased with increasing in input air temperature. Activation energy values were varied between 51.32 and 60.58 kJ/mol for 50 to 80°C, respectively. The specific energy consumption (SEC) for garlic specimens was placed in the range of 0.316 × 10<sup>6</sup> and 0.979 × 10<sup>6</sup> kJ/kg from 50 to 80°C, respectively. An increase in air temperature caused decrease in SEC value. Application of semi fluidized bed convective drying with temperature between 50 and 60°C was suitable to produce dried garlic.
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Steedman, Ian. "British Economists and Philosophers on Marx's Value Theory, 1920–1925." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 26, no. 1 (March 2004): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1042771042000187862.
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In the aftermath of the Great War and the Bolshevik revolution, the years 1920–1925 witnessed a great upsurge of academic writing in Britain on Karl Marx's theory of value. We shall not seek to explain this phenomenon but it may nevertheless be of interest first to sketch, as a contrasting background, the limited interest shown in this topic in the pages of the Economic Journal, 1891–1920. For that journal did indeed, in that period, devote considerable space to matters socialist—taken in a broad sense (see Steedman 1990).
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Nikitkov, Alexei. "Information Assurance Seals: How They Impact Consumer Purchasing Behavior." Journal of Information Systems 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jis.2006.20.1.1.
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Public accounting firms and other independent assurance providers have developed and marketed web assurance services resulting in a seal as an indicator of compliance. Academic research finds that seals potentially meet some of the most acute consumer concerns, but that consumers have inadequate understandings about the seals, and low regard for them. This study extends the research on the role of information assurance seals as an antecedent of trust by examining the use of seals on the eBay auction site. The study analyzes a sample of transactions in which buyers acted with their own money, and had time to learn about various signals and consider their strengths. The transactions are examined to see whether presence of a seal on the seller's web page made a significant difference on actual consumer purchasing behavior. Empirical tests found significant associations between the presence of seals and consumer purchasing behavior in both auction and posted-price contexts.
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Nahar, Shamsun, Dipika Dey, Ashek Elahi, Nasim Haider, and Rajat Sankar Roy Biswas. "Pattern of Dermatosis Among the Admitted Neonates in A Tertiary Care Hospital." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 19, no. 1 (August 28, 2020): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v19i1.48796.
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Background: Neonatal dermatosis are common in neonatal period of first twentyeight days. Most of which are physiological, transient and require no therapy, aswell as pathological lesions in the skin of neonates. This study was done to see thepattern of dermatosis in neonates and to establish the correlation between variousneonatal factors, maternal factors and the occurance of dermatosis and to identifythem correctly to avoid concerns of parents, Gynaecologist and Pediatricians.
Materials and methods: A total of 1000 admitted neonates in a 4 month period inneonatal ward of a tertiary care hospital were included in this study and a detailedhistory and dermatological examination including hair , nail and mucous membraneof each neonate was carried out. Laboratory procedures were performed asrequired.
Results: We found 300 (30%) newborns had one or more skin lesions out of 1000newborns examined. Male to female ratio was 1.14:1. Most common skin changesobserved was physiological scaling (50%), Acne neonatorum (13%), Erythematoxicum neonatorum (11%), Xerosis (10%), Milia (9%), Cutis marmorata (7%),Infantile seborrhoic dermatitis (7%). Among congenital skin lesions, congenitalmelanocytic nevus (1%) portwine stain (1%). Genodermatosis are Epidermolysisbullosa (0.3%), Congenital icthyosiform erythroderma (0.3%). Acquired skinmanifestation seen in 17% of cases.
Conclusions: Neonates are prone to suffer from a different varieties of dermatosisboth physiological and pathological which are unique to neonates. It is important todifferentiate them from other serious skin conditions which shows the importance ofa dermatologist in the neonatal unit of a hospital.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (1); January 2020; Page 15-19
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D'ASPREMONT, JEAN, and TANJA AALBERTS. "Which Future for the Scholarly Concept of Soft International Law? Editors’ Introductory Remarks." Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no. 2 (May 2, 2012): 309–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156512000040.
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Engaging with a mundane topic like the softness of international law may certainly look surprising to the readership of a journal known for its avowed and constant quest for an intellectually and conceptually rigorous ‘off-Broadway’ scholarship. Why would a journal that tries to establish itself as a leading alternative voice in the field replay a comedy so often staged in mainstream scholarship? It is with the full awareness of such an anticipated feeling of déjà vu that the editors of the Leiden Journal of International Law have decided to open the ensuing pages to an oft-debated topic with the ambition of evaluating the possibility of transcending the traditional pitched battle between opponents and advocates of soft law. It is well known that, after the juvenile success of the concept1 and its embrace by a great number of international scholars, soft law became the object of severe criticisms, resulting in a chasm in the international legal scholarship. Indeed, the debate about soft law came to literally split authors into two camps, firmly pitted against one another. On the one hand, there are the advocates of the notion for whom the binary nature of law is incapable of explaining the complexity of the international exercise of public authority in a pluralized world2 or who see soft law as an instrument of (programming of the) development of hard law.3 These apostles of the notion of soft law are opposed by those who see the notion as redundant because it turns into either hard law or not law at all,4 it is self-serving for the profession,5 it is dangerously deformalizing our instruments of law ascertainment,6 or it is weakening the general authority of law.7 The fierce character of that confrontation originates in soft law's being intrinsically intertwined with one's core and inner understanding of (international) law, thereby making these discrepancies seem irreconcilable.
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Razzaque, Md Abdur, Avisak Bhattacharjee, Urmi Bhattacharjee, Mohammad Asif Ekram Bhuiyan, Rashidul Hasan, Reza Ahmed, Md Russell, and Md Toha Shakil. "Frequency and Pattern of Malignant Lesions of Skin." KYAMC Journal 7, no. 1 (August 29, 2017): 700–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v7i1.33763.
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Malignant skin lesions can be widely categorized as melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Skin cancer represents approximately two to four percent of all cancers in Asians. One in every three cancers diagnosed is a skin cancer and one in every five Americans will develop skin cancer in their lifetime.Objective: To determine the frequency and pattern of different malignant skin lesions in our situation.Methods: It was a prospective cross sectional study that was conducted in Surgery, Dermatology, Oncology & Plastic Surgery department of KYAMCH, Sirajgonj from January 2015 to June 2015. Total 60 patients were selected by purposive sampling as a diagnosed case of malignant skin lesion. The data were collected by the active participation of the patients' interviewed by the preformed proforma of data collection sheet and then data were gathered, decorated, tabulated after data cleaning and edition. Then the results were found and they were tested by chi-square test (qualitative data) to see their level of significance i,e p-value which was set as the cut off level at <0.05. So if p-value is >0.05 the results are not significant.Results: The data analysis of 60 patients yielded the following results. Malignant skin lesions were commonly found in the elderly age group (>60yrs) 38.33%. Majority of them had non-melanocytic cancer (56.67%). Mean age of the male respondent was 58.79±6.54 and female respondent was 55.20 6.29 years. Maximum patients were male 66.67%. The male to female ratio was 2:1. According to anatomical site head-neck (52.94%) is the commonest site for non-melanocytic carcinoma whereas lower limb is the commonest site for malignant melanoma (69.23%).Conclusion: Malignant skin lesions were commonly present as melanoma and non-melanocytic carcinoma where man were more affected due to sunlight exposure and non-melanocytic lesions were more than malignant melanoma. Elderly age group are commonly affected. Head-neck is the commonest site for non-melanocytic lesions and lower limb is the commonest site for malignant melanoma. All cases seek initial medical attention commonly in advanced stage.KYAMC Journal Vol. 7, No.-1, Jul 2016, Page 700-706