Relevant bibliographies by topics / Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension"

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Basargan, Hakan, András Mihály, Ádám Kisari, Péter Gáspár, and Olivier Sename. "Vehicle Semi-active Suspension Control with Cloud-based Road Information." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.18593.

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Adaptive suspension control considering passenger comfort and stability of the vehicle has been researched intensively, thus several automotive companies already apply these technologies in their high-end models. Most of these systems react to the instantaneous effects of road irregularities, however, some expensive camera-based systems adapting the suspension in coherence with upcoming road conditions have already been introduced. Thereby, using oncoming road information the performance of adaptive suspension systems can be enhanced significantly. The emerging technology of cloud computing enables several promising features for road vehicles, one of which may be the implementation of an adaptive semi-active suspension system using historic road information gathered in the cloud database. The main novelty of the paper is the developed semi-active suspension control method in which Vehicle-to-Cloud-to-Vehicle technology serves as the basis for the road adaptation capabilities of the suspension system. The semi-active suspension control is founded on the Linear Parameter-Varying framework. The operation of the presented system is validated by a real data simulation in TruckSim simulation environment.
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Zador, István, Ádám Török, István Vajda, and László Palkovics. "OSCILLATION CONTROL OVER LIGHT DUTY CARS USING MAGNETIC SEMI-ACTIVE SHOCK ABSORBERS." TRANSPORT 26, no. 3 (October 5, 2011): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2011.622357.

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The present vehicles on the road are equipped with an extended range of actuators, sensors and software controlling dynamics. It is still a difficult problem to solve for a suspension system simultaneously holding the body of the car in comfort and executing requirements imposed for other safety systems like ABS, ESP, steer-by-wire etc. Passive suspension systems are unlikely to provide a solution, and therefore the introduction of semi-active suspensions in practical use is necessary. A possible solution could be a permanent magnetic (PM) synchronous tube generator that can operate as a controllable shock absorber parallel with energy recuperative operation. Design software is realized to calculate geometrical and electrical parameters for arbitrary vehicle suspension systems.
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Shiao, Yao Jung, Quang Anh Nguyen, and Chun Chi Lai. "Application of Magneto Rheological Damper on Semi-Active Suspension System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1754–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1754.

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Automotive industry is growing widely and rapidly by the involving of multi-fields not only mechanical engineering but also electrical and electronic engineering, material and more. As a key system in vehicles, suspension system and its control have been studied for a long time. A well-controlled suspension system provides high vehicle handling, good drivability and high comfort for passengers, and good isolation from road noise and vibration. To enhance comfort and handling of light-weight vehicles, semi-active suspension system is considered and proposed by numbers of papers. A semi-active suspension features small system space, low complexity and easy maintenance. Therefore, it is suitable for small compact car body known as light vehicles. This paper focuses on the analysis and control of a semi-active suspension for light-weight vehicles. Models of a quarter-car suspension with air spring and magneto rheological damper were built. Because components in the system involve nonlinear dynamic characteristics, a self-tuning Fuzzy logic controller was designed. Simulation results showed that the designed suspension system with its controller had good performance in vibration suppression.
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Shahein, Ahmed H., Atef A. Ata, Eman H. Haraz, and Bassuny M. El-Souhily. "Vibration suppression of terrains irregularities using active aerodynamic surface for half-car model sport vehicles." Journal of Vibration and Control 26, no. 23-24 (March 19, 2020): 2148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546320915316.

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Riding quality is considered a key element in automotive industry which imposes a challenge on car manufacturers to develop new alternative control strategies for the classical suspension system. To this extent, many efforts have been carried out on developing several active or semi-active suspension systems. In the past few years, the decreasing cost of electromechanical actuators has, however, opened new trends to face this challenge. Active aerodynamic surfaces (spoilers) represent an alternative and effective solution to the issue. Two contradicting criteria of good vehicle suspension performance are typically their ability to provide good road handling and increase passengers comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. In this article, we are trying to investigate the use of active aerodynamic surfaces to enhance ride comfort in sport vehicles for half car model. The article describes also the model and controller used in the study and discusses the vehicle response results obtained from a typical road sinusoidal signal input. The effect of active aerodynamic surfaces could enhance the ride comfort by (15%) without affecting road holding.
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Langlois, R. G., D. M. Hanna, and R. J. Anderson. "IMPLEMENTING PREVIEW CONTROL ON AN OFF-ROAD VEHICLE WITH ACTIVE SUSPENSION." Vehicle System Dynamics 20, sup1 (January 1992): 340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119208969408.

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Morales, Angel L., Antonio J. Nieto, José M. Chicharro, and Publio Pintado. "A semi-active vehicle suspension based on pneumatic springs and magnetorheological dampers." Journal of Vibration and Control 24, no. 4 (June 7, 2016): 808–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546316653004.

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Semi-active and active suspensions can improve both ride comfort and handling compared to passive suspensions. The authors have proposed a suspension comprising a pneumatic system capable of changing the stiffness of the suspension and a semi-active magnetorheological damper capable of controlling the suspension damping. Eight configurations of this magnetorheological/pneumatic suspension result from combining two possible stiffnesses (compliant and stiff) and four possible means of producing damping (constant low, constant high, on-off skyhook control and on-off balance control). The minimization of a cost function, which considers both ride comfort and handling, leads to decision maps which indicate the most appropriate configuration depending on vehicle velocity and two pieces of information about the road: the international roughness index and the curve radius. All this information can be gathered from a GPS system and toggling between set-ups is fast, efficient, and easily done by simply opening or closing pipes in the pneumatic system and modifying the current supply in the magnetorheological dampers. The proposed magnetorheological/pneumatic suspension achieves the same roll angle levels as in a comparable passive vehicle while improving ride comfort by reducing acceleration by up to 30%.
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Ben, L. Zohir, Faried Hasbullah, and F. Waleed Faris. "A comparative ride performance of passive, semi-active and active suspension systems for off-road vehicles using half car model." International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems 21, no. 1 (2014): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhvs.2014.057827.

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Kasprzyk, Jerzy, Piotr Krauze, Sebastian Budzan, and Jaroslaw Rzepecki. "Vibration control in semi-active suspension of the experimental off-road vehicle using information about suspension deflection." Archives of Control Sciences 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acsc-2017-0016.

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Abstract The efficiency of vibration control in an automotive semi-active suspension system depends on the quality of information from sensors installed in the vehicle, including information about deflection of the suspension system. The control algorithm for vibration attenuation of the body takes into account its velocity as well as the relative velocity of the suspension. In this paper it is proposed to use the Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) unit to measure the suspension deflection and then to estimate its relative velocity. This approach is compared with a typical solution implemented in such applications, where the relative velocity is calculated by processing signals acquired from accelerometers placed on the body and on the chassis. The experiments performed for an experimental All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) confirm that using LVDT units allows for improving ride comfort by better vibration attenuation of the body.
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Basargan, Hakan, András Mihály, Péter Gáspár, and Olivier Sename. "Road Quality Information Based Adaptive Semi-active Suspension Control." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/pptr.18577.

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This paper introduces an adaptive semi-active suspension control by considering global positioning system-based and historical road information. The main idea of this study is to find a corresponding trade-off between comfort and stability at different road irregularities. The introduced semi-active controller is designed based on the Linear Parameter-Varying framework. The behavior of the designed controller can be modified by the use of a scheduling variable. This scheduling variable is selected by considering the various road category. TruckSim simulation environment is used in order to validate the introduced adaptive semi-active suspension control system by comparing it with the non-adaptive scenario. The results show that both driving comfort and vehicle stability have been improved with the proposed adaptive semi-active suspension control.
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LANGLOIS, R. G., and R. J. ANDERSON. "Preview Control Algorithms for the Active Suspension of an Off-Road Vehicle." Vehicle System Dynamics 24, no. 1 (January 1995): 65–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119508969082.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension"

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Efatpenah, Keyanoush. "Manual and automatic control of an active suspension for high-speed off-road vehicles /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Heymans, Gerrie Smidt. "Development of a Magneto-Rheological (MR) equipped semi-active suspension system for off-road vehicles." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66204.

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The aim of this study is to design, implement and investigate the use of a Magneto-Rheological (MR) equipped Hydro-Pneumatic suspension system to solve the ride versus handling compromise of off-road vehicles. This suspension technology makes use of MR fluid viscosity changes which are induced by a varying magnetic fields and this viscosity change serves as the basis for changing the suspension system�s damping as well as the stiffness characteristics. The primary focus of the study is to improve the response time characteristics of an existing prototype system through the use of a more comprehensive design methodology. Once an optimised MR valve has been designed, the system must be manufactured and experimentally tested under known conditions. It was observed experimentally that the new prototype valve does exhibit significantly improved electrical response characteristics while also realising the working principles of the 4S4. Further experimental work showed that this suspension technology�s response characteristics cannot be further improved by improving the magnetic responsiveness of the MR valve as the responses are inherently limited by a MR fluid chain build-up delays. This said the observed response characteristics of the system was proved, through simulation based studies in Chapter 7, to be fast enough to achieve improved vehicle dynamics through semi-active suspension control. Once the newly designed MR valve�s characteristics had been experimentally extracted in Chapter 5, a comprehensive physics based model was developed to predict the output characteristics of the full MR4S4 in Chapter 6, which is defined by the non-linear and complex interrelated elements within the system. This physics based model was validated against a complete set of test data, after which it was implemented on a quarter-car based vehicle dynamics study in Chapter 7 to estimate the achievable vehicle ride comfort and handling contribution of the MR4S4 suspension system under both passive and active control. This study documents the validated approach to design, model and test a MR based MR4S4 system as well as details the research performed to determine whether the MR4S4 can serve as a viable suspension technology.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
MEng
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Bester, Rudolf. "The ride comfort versus handling decision for off-road vehicles." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29027.

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Today, Sport Utility Vehicles are marketed as both on-road and off-road vehicles. This results in a compromise when designing the suspension of the vehicle. If the suspension characteristics are fixed, the vehicle cannot have good handling capabilities on highways and good ride comfort over rough terrain. The rollover propensity of this type of vehicle compared to normal cars is high because it has a combination of a high centre of gravity and a softer suspension. The 4 State Semi-active Suspension System (4S4) that can switch between two discrete spring characteristics as well as two discrete damper characteristics, has been proven to overcome this compromise. The soft suspension setting (soft spring and low damping) is used for ride comfort, while the hard suspension setting (stiff spring and high damping) is used for handling. The following question arises: when is which setting most appropriate? The two main contributing factors are the terrain profile and the driver’s actions. Ride comfort is primarily dependant on the terrain that the vehicle is travelling over. If the terrain can be identified, certain driving styles can be expected for that specific environment. The terrains range from rough and uncomfortable to smooth with high speed manoeuvring. Terrain classification methods are proposed and tested with measured data from the test vehicle on known terrain types. Good results were obtained from the terrain classification methods. Five terrain types were accurately identified from over an hour’s worth of vehicle testing. Handling manoeuvres happen unexpectedly, often to avoid an accident. To improve the handling and therefore safety of the vehicle, the 4S4 can be switched to the hard suspension setting, which results in a reduced body roll angle. This decision should be made quickly with the occupants’ safety as the priority. Methods were investigated that will determine when to switch the suspension to the handling mode based on the kinematics of the vehicle. The switching strategies proposed in this study have the potential, with a little refinement, to make the ride versus handling decision correctly. Copyright 2007, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Bester, R 2007, The ride comfort versus handling decision for off-road vehicles, MEng dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10252007-111611 / >
Dissertation (MEng (Mechanical Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
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Books on the topic "Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension"

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Emanuele, Guglielmino, ed. Semi-active suspension control: Improved vehicle ride and road friendliness. London: Springer, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension"

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Suzuki, Takama, and Masaki Takahashi. "Semi-Active Suspension Control Considering Lateral Vehicle Dynamics Due to Road Input." In New Advances in Vehicular Technology and Automotive Engineering. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/45789.

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Conference papers on the topic "Off-road vehicles Active automotive suspension"

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Grott, Matteo, Francesco Biral, Roberto Oboe, Alberto Cis, and Eugenio Vincenti. "Semi-Active Suspension Systems for Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Multibody Model Development, Identification and Control Algorithm Evaluation." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11084.

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The design of suspension systems for heavy-duty vehicles covers a specific field of automotive industry. During the past few years there has been an increasing demand in power capabilities, loads and driving speeds of heavy duty vehicles. Therefore, off-highway vehicle manufacturers have shown their interest in employing new technologies. This work focuses on the investigation of hydro-pneumatic suspension systems for heavy duty vehicles, in particular on the benefits of a semi-active solution compared to a passive one. The main targets of this activity is the study of the dynamical behaviour of agricultural tractors and the design of a cost-effective controllable suspension, capable to adapt the tractor dynamical behaviour, under different road and load conditions. The work started with the development of a multibody model of the suspension test bench to be used for control solution comparisons. The multibody model was experimentally validated by characterizing the cylinder friction, tire parameters and Frequency Response (F.R.) of the suspension bench test equipped with a passive solution. As a last step the evaluation of different control algorithms for hydraulic semi-active suspension was carried out via Adams/Matlab co-simulation technique.
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Xue, X. D., K. W. E. Cheng, and C. D. Xu. "Optimization of spring stiffness in automotive and rail active suspension systems." In 2016 International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esars-itec.2016.7841391.

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Bolandhemmat, Hamidreza, Christopher M. Clark, and M. F. Golnaraghi. "A Distributed Sensing System for Vehicles State Estimation." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-16063.

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This paper presents the design of a distributed sensing system that uses an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to fuse measurements, so that automotive vehicle states can be estimated for use by a Semi-active Suspension control system. To improve ride comfort and handling quality, relative displacements and velocities of suspension systems are estimated. To control the stability of vehicles, roll, yaw, and pitch must also be determined. The designed (EKF) uses easily accessible measurements such as accelerations and body's angular velocities. These measurements are provided by 8 accelerometers and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). The accelerometers are strategically mounted on the two ends of each individual shock absorber (damper). The IMU was mounted near the vehicle's center of gravity. Computer simulations and experiments were conducted for full vehicle state estimation of a 1993 Toyota Tercel equipped with the above mentioned sensor suite. Results show that except relative displacements, all states of the automobile's semi-active suspension systems can be estimated using this set of sensors. The designed EKF works well despite not knowing accurate information about road inputs, external disturbances and car characteristics such as moments of inertia, mass, and equivalent spring and damping coefficients. Both simulation results and experimental results show the effectiveness of the designed EKF in estimating the required states.
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Ivers, Douglas, and Douglas LeRoy. "Improving Vehicle Performance and Operator Ergonomics: Commercial Application of Smart Materials and Systems." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5058.

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This paper will discuss how controllable material technology, such as the use of active magneto-rheological (MR) dampers, improves vehicle primary and secondary suspensions. Although relatively new to the marketplace, semi-active suspensions in commercial automobiles and off-highway vehicles have been proven through the use of active MR dampers since 1998. In fact, MR suspension dampers are found today on the commercial vehicles of an increasing number of automotive OEMs and leading off-highway OEMs. MR fluid dampers are simple in design and have the advantage of no moving parts. The resistive force from an MR damper is generated as iron particles, suspended in the magneto-rheological fluid (MR fluid); pass through a magnetic field controlled by the electrical current passing through an electric coil contained within a moving piston surrounded by fluid. By adjusting the current to the damper coil in response to feedback from vehicle sensors and a controller, the damping response of the suspension can be optimized and controlled in real time to provide optimal operator comfort. The MR Damper System has a full-scale step response of less than 10 milliseconds. Sophisticated control algorithms adapt to large changes in payload, enabling the vehicle to meet ride metrics without pneumatic load leveling. Other benefits of the MR damping system include higher speed in NATO double-lane change tests, reduced risk of roll-over, improved accuracy of mounted weapons, and improved vehicle durability and readiness.
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Conway, A., and R. Stanway. "The Influence of Magneto-Rheological Fluid Time Response on the Performance of Semi-Active Automotive Suspensions." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14320.

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In recent years the automotive industry has been working towards intelligent suspension systems that adapt to various road conditions to provide a superior ride and improved road handling. So called semi-active devices, in particular smart fluid dampers, are a viable method of implementing such a system. Despite the fact that magnetorheological (MR) dampers have been used in a number of commercially produced vehicles to date, there is little published information on the control of such devices. Building upon a successful modelling approach developed initially for electrorheological (ER) dampers at the University of Sheffield, a computational model was developed and implemented to simulate the behavior of an MR damper. A proportional force feedback control methodology was adopted and applied to the model with the intention of linearizing the output response. The smart fluid damper is therefore forced to behave in a manner equivalent to a linear damper, with the advantage of having a controllable viscous damping coefficient. Whereas previous research has almost exclusively concentrated upon the controller gain and its influence on the range of linearization which is possible to achieve, this investigation focuses on the time response of the MR fluid and its profound impact on the ability of the control method to linearize the output. Results will be presented which show that the fluid time response introduces a high frequency oscillation into the force/velocity output responses. Simultaneously, at higher excitation frequencies non-linear output responses will be demonstrated. As the fluid time response increases, the oscillations seen at low frequencies reduce but conversely the non-linear output of even moderate excitation frequencies becomes apparent. This result shows the need for a compromise between a larger range of controllability with the introduction of noise at low frequencies, or a smaller, yet noise-free range of controllability. This result may have significance when considered in the wider context of smart fluid applications. The instability and long-term degradation of smart fluids alongside other smart fluid phenomena such as 'in-use fluid thickening' indicate that the fluid time response is apt to change as the fluid is used. With a control system which has been demonstrated to be sensitive to fluid time response this change would of course be detrimental. The authors hope to highlight fluid time response as an important consideration in the design of smart fluid control systems.
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Weeks, D. A., J. H. Beno, A. M. Guenin, and D. A. Bresie. "Electromechanical Active Suspension Demonstration for Off-Road Vehicles." In SAE 2000 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0102.

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Ajaj, M. A., A. M. Sharaf, S. A. Hegazy, and Y. H. Hossamel-deen. "Investigation of Control Algorithms for Semi-Active Suspension Systems Based on a Full Vehicle Model." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63090.

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This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of automotive semi-active suspension control algorithms and compares their characteristics in terms of ride comfort and tire-road holding ability. Particular attention has been paid to the semi-active suspension systems fitted with a shock absorber of dual damping characteristics. Different mathematical models are presented to investigate the ride response considering both simplified and complex vehicle models. Numerical simulation has been carried out through the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment which aids the future development of controllable suspension systems to improve vehicle ride comfort. The results show a considerable improvement of the vehicle ride response using different schemes of semi-active suspension system in particular the modified groundhook control algorithm.
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Gosselin-Brisson, S., M. Bouazara, and M. J. Richard. "Design of an Active Suspension Control for a Four DOF Model Using Genetic Algorithm." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79939.

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This paper presents the design of an active suspension controller for an automotive vehicle. A four degrees of freedom linear model is used to represent a vehicle with different front and rear characteristics. Filtered road and acceleration inputs are applied to the model to simulate real life use. The performance criterion are filtered to include frequency sensitivity and weighted based on a standard passive suspension system. Independent front and rear controllers are optimised with the genetic algorithm. The controller includes linear gains and frequency dependency to take advantage of these two different control methods. The number of sensors and the order of the filters are limited to facilitate implementation on a real vehicle.
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Pierce, R. Scott, Caleb Whitener, and Sudhir Kaul. "Semi-Active Damping for Off-Road Bicycle Suspension: An Experimental Study." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85400.

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This paper presents experimental results from the testing of a semi-active damping system in an off-road bicycle (bike). Magnetorheological dampers are being increasingly used in automotive applications to enhance damping capability of a suspension system or to mitigate the trade-off between ride comfort and handling. A magnetorheological (MR) damper requires a relatively low amount of energy to control damping characteristics, and behaves as a passive damper in the absence of any power input. This study investigates the use of a semi-active magnetorheological damper for the rear suspension of a mountain bike. The performance of this damper has been compared to the current shock absorber on the bike. All testing has been performed on a shaker table and the performance of the damper has been evaluated by comparing the input acceleration at the hub of the rear wheel to the acceleration at the seat of the bike. The main aim of this study is to investigate the viability of using an MR damper in a mountain bike suspension system. Test results indicate that the performance of the semi-active MR damper is comparable to the current shock absorber. Furthermore, the MR damper lends itself to hands-off control that will be investigated in a future study. Therefore, it can be concluded from preliminary testing that an MR damper can be used in a mountain bike to effectively control damping.
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Gobbi, M., F. Giorgetta, P. Guarneri, G. Rocca, and G. Mastinu. "Experimental Study and Numerical Modeling of the Dynamic Behaviour of Tyre/Suspension While Running Over an Obstacle." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14804.

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Simulation tools have been widely used to complement experimentation for suspension design in the automotive industry not only for reducing the development time, but also to allow the optimization of the vehicle performance. Both a test method and a simulation tool are presented for the analysis of Noise-Vibration-Harshness (NVH) performances of road vehicles suspension systems. A single suspension (corner) has been positioned on a rotating drum (2.6 m diameter) installed in the Laboratory for the Safety of Transport of the Politecnico di Milano. The suspension system is excited as the wheel passes over different cleats fixed to the working surface of the drum. The forces and the moments acting at the suspension-chassis joints are measured up to 250 Hz by means of five six-axis load cells. A mathematical representation that can accurately reflect tyre dynamic behaviour while passing over different cleats is fundamental for evaluating the suspension system quality (NVH) and for developing new suspension design and control strategies. Since the phenomenon is highly non-linear, it is rather difficult to predict the actual performance by using a physical model. However universal "black-box" models can be successfully used in the identification and control of non-linear systems. The paper deals with the simulation of the tyre/suspension dynamics by using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). RNN are derived from the Multi Layer Feed-forward Neural Networks (MLFNN), by adding feedback connections between output and input layers. The Neural Network (NN) has been trained with the experimental data obtained in the laboratory. The results obtained from the NN demonstrate very good agreement with the experimental results over a wide range of operation conditions. The NN model can be effectively applied as a part of vehicle system model to accurately predict elastic bushings and tyre dynamics behaviour.
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