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Journal articles on the topic 'Office du Niger'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Echenberg, Myron, and Jean Filipovich. "African Military Labour and the Building of the Office du Niger Installations, 1925–1950." Journal of African History 27, no. 3 (November 1986): 533–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853700023318.

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In 1926, the Governor-General of French West Africa issued a decree allowing local administrations to use a portion of the annual military draft as labourers on public works programmes. The only administrations to take full advantage of this decree was that of the French Soudan, where work had already begun on the first phase of the vast Niger irrigation scheme now known as the Office du Niger. During the next twenty-five years, more than fifty thousand so-called ‘second-portion’ workers from Soudan were assigned to the Office du Niger for a period of three years' service. Ironically, this new system of forced labour to exploit the irrigated land.

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2

Bendix, Daniel. "Ein ewiges Hin und Her." Vertreibung durch Entwicklungsprojekte 39, no. 2-2019 (August 26, 2019): 264–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/peripherie.v39i2.07.

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Dieser Beitrag untersucht bäuerlichen Widerstand gegen Vertreibung durch Landgrabbing in dem zu Zeiten der französischen Kolonialherrschaft gegründeten Entwicklungsprojekt Office du Niger in Mali. In dem analysierten Fall handelt es sich um eine fast zehn Jahre andauernde Auseinandersetzung zwischen Kleinbäuerinnen und -bauern und einem malischen Großunternehmer um landwirtschaftlich nutzbare Flächen. Es werden drei Strategien kleinbäuerlichen Widerstands identifiziert (kollektives Vorgehen, Anrufung des Staates, nationale und internationale Allianzen) und deren Möglichkeiten und Beschränkungen diskutiert. Der Artikel argumentiert, dass der Kampf um Rückgabe des entzogenen Landes bzw. für umfassende Kompensation bislang erfolglos war, weil zum einen keine Einigkeit zwischen den Akteur*innen des Widerstands besteht und zum anderen die Verwaltungsbehörde Office du Niger wie ein „listiger“ Staat im Staat agiert. Erfolgreich ist der Widerstand hingegen insofern, als er immer noch andauert, wobei insbesondere transnationale Allianzbildung und die Adressierung von „Gebern“ wie der Afrikanischen Entwicklungsbank und dem BMZ Wirkung zeigt.

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3

ADEBANJOKO, ANGELA AJODO. "How Multinational Oil Companies and Corrupt Niger Delta Elites Underdeveloped the Niger Delta Region." Journal of Management and Science 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 250–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2013.31.

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This study is on the role played by Multinational Oil Companies (MNOCs) and Niger Delta elites in the underdevelopment of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The study adopts a descriptive approach drawing data mainly from secondary data such as books, articles in newspapers, journals, internet etc. The study found that the Niger Delta region is endowed with natural resources. Among this is crude oil which is the mainstay of the Nigerian economy.Despite this oil wealth however, the region is largely underdeveloped. Poverty, massive unemployment, absence of safe drinking water, filth and squalor, lack of access to health care,education and housing among others are some of the features of the region. The problem of underdevelopment in the Niger Delta was traced to MNOCs and Niger Delta elites. The paper therefore argues that oil exploration activities of MNOCs such as gas flares and oil spills which have resulted in environmental degradation have deprived the people of the region their means of livelihood while corrupt practices of Niger Delta elites who embezzle funds meant fordevelopment have been responsible for the underdevelopment of the region. The study recommends among others the need for MNOCs to compensate the people for years of environmental degradation while Niger Delta elites found guilty of embezzlement while in office should be sent to jail.

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4

Samaké, Salimatou, Diakaridia Traoré, Oumarou Goita, Soungalo Sarra, Sognan Dao, Bakaye Doumbia, and Hamadoun Babana Amadou. "Genetic diversity of rice yellow mottle virus from Niger Office and Selingue Development Rural Office in Mali." Journal of General and Molecular Virology 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jgmv2018.0072.

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5

Diawara, Mamadou. "DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE NORMS: THE OFFICE DU NIGER AND DECENTRALIZATION IN FRENCH SUDAN AND MALI." Africa 81, no. 3 (July 22, 2011): 434–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972011000210.

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ABSTRACTThis article analyses the historical roots of decentralization, a policy which is presented in the development world as the miracle cure to Third World evils. The text is based on the current literature on the topic as well as field research carried out in Mali in the Office du Niger region, which, already in the colonial period, represented a particular decentralization challenge. It offers a critical perspective on the concept of decentralization, which some trace back to the Middle Ages, and examines colonial experiences. How can the Malian state, inherited from the colonial state, decentralize everything whilst adopting the policy according to which the lands of the central delta of the Niger have been state-owned property since 1935? The aim is to show the analogy between problems encountered by the French colonial state and those that plague the Malian post-colonial state, whilst guarding against the sirens of a false authenticity reeking of neo-traditionalism.

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6

Brondeau, Florence. "Agro-business assailing irrigated lands in the Office du Niger area (Mali)." Cahiers Agricultures 20, no. 1-2 (January 2011): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2011.0472.

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7

Bélières, Jean-François, Théa Hilhorst, Demba Kébé, Manda Sadio Keïta, Souleymane Keïta, and Oumar Sanogo. "Irrigation and poverty: The case of the Office du Niger in Mali." Cahiers Agricultures 20, no. 1-2 (January 2011): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2011.0473.

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8

FILIPOVICH, JEAN. "DESTINED TO FAIL: FORCED SETTLEMENT AT THE OFFICE DU NIGER, 1926–45." Journal of African History 42, no. 2 (July 2001): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853701007824.

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Mali's Office du Niger was conceived on a monumental scale to produce cotton for the French textile industry after the First World War. Undaunted by the conspicuous absence of both manpower and a viable crop, Émile Bélime, the scheme's originator and presiding genius, believed colonial authorities could compel people from all over French West Africa to settle there. Under pressure from Paris, local administrators became his recruiting agents, forcibly resettling some 30,000 Africans by 1945, when the colonial ministry privately declared the scheme an unqualified failure. In 1960, France recycled the project as a prototype of disinterested aid to a developing country.

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9

Salifou Karimoune, Fadjimata, Adamou Rabani, and Zangui Hamissou. "Retrospective survey on drugs seized in Niger from 2013 to 2016 and state of the art on drug analysis and detection techniques." Technium Social Sciences Journal 5 (March 7, 2020): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v5i1.214.

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Drug is a substance, which trouble brain. One of the reasons for juvenile delinquency is drug use. The present work is a retrospective study based on seizures of drugs made by the Niger courts and. Evaluation of the drug utilization by people according to the statistics of drug seizures from 2013 to 2016 of the Central Office for the Suppression of Illegal Traffic in Narcotics (OCRTIS). According to the statistics of drug seizures from 2013 to 2016 of the Central Office for the Suppression of Illegal Traffic in Narcotics (OCRTIS). Nine (9) types of drugs belonging to six (6) families were seized in Niger including: Amphetamines, Cannabis, Crack, Cocaine, Diazepam, Ephedrine, Heroin, Methamphetamines and Tramadol. These come from all countries bordering Niger but also from East Africa and Central Africa and the data gathered was analyzed using MS Excel. It should be noted that the percentage of those charged varies according to age group whose: the under 18’s are 6%, 59% are between 18 and 29 years, 25% are between 30 and 39 years, the 40 years and over are 10%. So most of the people which have been arrested are minors between 18 and 39 years old. In addition, it is necessary to mention 2% of women against 98 % of men in the said sale and consumption. If the number of seizures increases each year, the possibility of drug consumption by its users would also grow and highlights important diseases related to their consumption. Thus, the more appropriate implication of the blood and urine tests of these drug users.

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10

van Beusekom, Monica M. "Colonisation Indigene: French Rural Development Ideology at the Office du Niger, 1920-1940." International Journal of African Historical Studies 30, no. 2 (1997): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/221230.

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11

Adamczewski, Amandine, Thomas Hertzog, Jean Yves Jamin, and Jean Philippe Tonneau. "Competition for irrigated land: inequitable land management in the Office du Niger (Mali)." International Journal of Sustainable Development 18, no. 3 (2015): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsd.2015.070237.

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12

Mohammed, Abdulrazak, Jamila Yusuf, and A. Mustapha Ahmed. "Information Communication Technology Manipulative Competencies Required by Office Technology and Management Lecturers for Effective Instructional Delivery in Public Tertiary Institutions in Niger State." Interdisciplinary Journal of Education 6, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53449/ije.v6i1.214.

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This study looked at the ICT manipulative competencies that OTM lecturers require for effective instructional delivery in public tertiary institutions in Niger State. One research question and a research hypothesis were formulated for the study. The study used a descriptive survey and included 36 OTM lecturers from three government-owned tertiary institutions in Niger State, Nigeria (Federal and State Polytechnics and Federal and State Colleges of Education). Due to the small population, the study has no sampling, but it was ultimately based on the 35 questionnaires that were retrieved after administration. The research instrument was validated by two research experts from Kwara State University, Malete. For reliability of the instrument, the research instrument was pilot tested at Kwara State College of Education, Ilorin, and Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, and the data obtained was analyzed using Cronbach Alpha and the result gave 0.86. Data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire called “ICT Competencies Required (ICTCR)”. The research question was answered using the descriptive statistics Mean and Standard Deviation, and the inferential statistics t-test was used to test the hypotheses at a significance level of 0.05. The findings revealed a non-significant difference in the mean ratings of OTM lecturers on the ICT manipulative competencies required for effective instructional delivery in public tertiary institutions in Niger State, Nigeria, in the 21st century. This led to the conclusion that OTM requires a number of ICT manipulative competencies for effective instructional delivery in public tertiary institutions in Niger States, Nigeria, in the 21st century. Therefore, it was recommended, among other things, that, OTM lecturers should receive on-the-job training, particularly on how to operate information and communication technologies and how to use them for effective classroom instruction in the 21st century. In addition, the relevant regulatory bodies (NCCE, NBTE, and NUC) should add more ICT manipulative activities to the OTM curriculum to keep up with current ICT trends and prepare students for active roles in the 21st-century office.

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13

Camara, Bakary. "THE DYNAMICS OF LAND TENURE SYSTEMS IN THE NIGER BASIN, MALI." Africa 83, no. 1 (January 22, 2013): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972012000721.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines, through different processes of changing land use and land tenure, the various types of formal and informal contractual relations existing in two areas of the Niger Basin in southern Mali that are dominated economically by two parastatal companies: Compagnie Malienne pour le Développement du Textile (CMDT) and Office du Niger (ON). The article shows how the production interventions of these two companies shape the framework of land administration in the Niger Basin and the context in which customary relations operate, and lead to the commodification of land relations. It traces the various routes, contracts and arrangements through which people gain access to agricultural land. Besides describing the various transactions in land and contractual relationships, the article also analyses land leasing, sharecropping and various other ways of gaining secondary rights through prestations and loans. Finally, it describes the various land conflicts, the actors involved in making various claims on land and claims to land administration, and the institutions and institutional pluralism that emerge in conflict resolution. The article links these to the increasing commodification of land and agriculture, and the domination of policy by economic liberalism.

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14

Lydon, Ghislaine, and Monica M. van Beusekom. "Negotiating Development: African Farmers and Colonial Experts at the Office du Niger, 1920-1960." International Journal of African Historical Studies 35, no. 2/3 (2002): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3097639.

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15

Adamczewski, Amandine, Jean-Philippe Tonneau, Yacouba Coulibaly, and Jean-Yves Jamin. "Concessions de terres et dynamiques sociales dans la zone office du Niger au Mali." Études rurales, no. 191 (July 16, 2013): 37–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesrurales.9762.

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16

Ballo, Mamadou, Nathaniel S. Olutegbe, and Adegbenga E. Adekoya. "Welfare status of rice farming household in office du Niger Segou Region of Mali." Journal of Agricultural Extension 22, no. 3 (October 16, 2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v22i3.7.

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17

Brondeau, Florence. "La gestion de l'eau à l'Office du Niger : bilan, enjeux et perspectives (Water management in the Office of Niger: assessment, stakes and perspectives )." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 80, no. 3 (2003): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.2003.2335.

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18

Adamczewski, Amandine, Jean-Yves Jamin, Perrine Burnod, El Hadj Boutout Ly, and Jean-Philippe Tonneau. "Land, water, and capital: Investments or land grabbing in the Office du Niger area (Mali)?" Cahiers Agricultures 22, no. 1 (January 2013): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2012.0601.

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19

Vandersypen, Klaartje, Dirk Raes, and Jean-Yves Jamin. "Simulating Water Management and Supply Effects at the Office du Niger Collective Canal Irrigation Scheme." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 135, no. 1 (February 2009): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2009)135:1(50).

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20

Roudart, Laurence, and Benoît Dave. "Land policy, family farms, food production and livelihoods in the Office du Niger area, Mali." Land Use Policy 60 (January 2017): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.10.029.

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21

Gebara, Alexsander Lemos de Almeida. "Relações comerciais e diplomáticas Anglo-africanas durante a expedição ao Níger de 1854." Varia Historia 32, no. 59 (August 2016): 547–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-87752016000200010.

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Resumo O artigo procura compreender a expedição britânica nos rios Niger e Benue em 1854 num contexto de transformação nas relações políticas e econômicas da Grã Bretanha com o interior da África Ocidental. Tal empreendimento ficou marcado pela ausência de mortes por febres tropicais e deixou vários registros, dentre eles relatos de viagem e a correspondência entre seus agentes e o Foreign Office e o Colonial Office que compõe o corpo de fontes deste artigo. Especial atenção é dedicada aos termos e formas das trocas comerciais realizadas com os africanos diretamente ao longo da viagem e às condições nas quais estes relacionamentos foram estabelecidos. Assim, procura-se por um lado, compreender a expedição como parte de um de um processo de ampliação da presença europeia no interior e, por outro lado, refletir sobre as estratégias africanas em diálogo com as transformações econômicas na bacia Atlântica em meados do século XIX.

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22

Koumba, C. Roland Zinga, A. Armel Koumba, A. Emelie Apinda-Legnouo, R. Leotard Sima Owono, Richard Pamba, and J. François Mavoungou. "Preliminary Inventory of Stomoxys spp., Potential Vectors of Pathogens in the Minkébé Forest Massif in the North-East of Gabon." Asian Journal of Biology 19, no. 4 (December 2, 2023): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajob/2023/v19i4376.

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Aims: This study aims to characterize Stomoxys spp., potential vectors of pathogens in the north-east of Gabon. Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted in the Minkébé forest massif, Woleu-Ntem Province, Gabon from April to May 2023 (rainy season). Methodology: The daily captures were conducted at Mikouka, Massoko and Minkébé using Vavoua and Nzi traps. All captured specimens were morphologically identified to species using binocular microscope (Leica Microsystems ©). The identification was aided by “specific” taxonomic keys. The collected data were organized from Microsoft Office Excel 2013. This database was used to calculate numbers and proportions of specimens observed by species. Several parameters including Apparent Density per Trap per day (ADT), Shannon, Simpson, Pielou and Bray-Curtis indices were evaluated. Results: A total of 1552 Stomoxys were caught, including 610 at Massoko, 533 at Mikouka and 409 at Minkébé. These specimens belonged to two species: Stomoxys niger niger and Stomoxys omega. Stomoxys niger niger was the most abundant with 1176 specimens caught and an ADT of 4 Stomoxys/trap/day (s/p/d). On the other hand, Stomoxys omega was poorly captured (n= 376; ADT= 1.28). As for the biotopes surveyed, Massoko (n= 619; ADT= 6.42) and Mikouka (n= 533; ADT= 5.44) were the most infested with Stomoxys spp. However, the lowest catches were recorded at Minkébé (n= 409; ADT= 4.17). The Shannon, Pielou and Simpson index values indicate relatively low levels of diversity between sites. The Shannon index reached higher values at Minkébé than at the other study sites. The Simpson and Pielou indices also had higher values at Minkébé. As for the Bray-Curtis index, its values were low between Minkébé and Mikouka (0.592), between Mikouka and Massoko (0.302) and between Minkébé and Massoko (0.384). Conclusion: Our findings show the coexistence of Stomoxys niger niger and Stomoxys omega in Minkébé. Their presence constitutes a health risk, because these vectors could play a role in the circulation of certain pathogens in the Minkébé forest massif. So, a longitudinal study of these vectors and a screening of their infectious agents are urgently needed.

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23

Roudart, Laurence, and Benoît Dave. "Minimum areas for economic viability of family rice farms in the Office du Niger area (Mali)." Cahiers Agricultures 22, no. 5 (September 2013): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2013.0654.

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24

Balié, Jean, Alban Mas Aparisi, Hélène Gourichon, Lamissa Diakité, and Fatoumata Diallo. "Analysis of incentives to rice production in the area of the Office du Niger in Mali." Cahiers Agricultures 22, no. 5 (September 2013): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2013.0655.

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25

Diaraba Keita, Zoumana, Germán Santacruz de León, and Julio Cámara-Córdova. "THE OFFICE DU NIGER: BETWEEN COOPERATION AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HYDRO-AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN MALI." Textual, no. 73 (June 28, 2019): 179–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.textual.2018.73.11.

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26

SOGOBA, NAFOMON, YÉYA T. TOURÉ, SEYDOU DOUMBIA, THOMAS SMITH, PENELOPE VOUNATSOU, MAGARAN BAGAYOKO, MAHAMADOU B. TOURÉ, IBRAHIM M. SISSOKO, and SEKOU F. TRAORE. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF MALARIA TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS IN THE RICE CULTIVATION AREA OF OFFICE DU NIGER, MALI." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 76, no. 6 (June 1, 2007): 1009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.1009.

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27

Vandersypen, K., B. Verbist, A. C. T. Keita, D. Raes, and J. Y. Jamin. "Linking Performance and Collective Action—the Case of the Office du Niger Irrigation Scheme in Mali." Water Resources Management 23, no. 1 (April 19, 2008): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-008-9269-1.

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28

Vandersypen, K., A. C. T. Keita, K. Kaloga, Y. Coulibaly, D. Raes, and J. Y. Jamin. "Sustainability of farmers' organization of water management in the Office du Niger irrigation scheme in Mali." Irrigation and Drainage 55, no. 1 (2006): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.215.

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29

Sangkharak, Kanokphorn. "Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for ethanol production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of wastepaper." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 29, no. 11 (January 17, 2011): 1134–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x10387656.

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The present study investigated the development of high sugar production by optimization of an enzymatic hydrolysis process using both conventional and statistical methods, as well as the production of ethanol by the selected wastepaper source. Among four sources of pretreated wastepaper including office paper, newspaper, handbills and cardboard, office paper gave the highest values of cellulose (87.12%) and holocelluloses (89.07%). The effects of the amount of wastepaper, the pretreatment method and the type of enzyme on reducing sugar production from office paper were studied using conventional methods. The highest reducing sugar production (1851.28 µg L−1; 37.03% conversion of glucose) was obtained from the optimal condition containing 40 mg of office paper, pretreated with stream explosion and hydrolysed with the combination of cellulase from Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride at the fixed loading rate of 20 FPU g−1 sample. The effects of interaction of wastepaper amount and enzyme concentration as well as incubation time were studied by a statistical method using central composite design. The optimal medium composition consisted of 43.97 µg L−1, 28.14 FPU g−1 sample and 53.73 h of wastepaper, enzyme concentration and incubation time, respectively, and gave the highest amount of sugar production (2184.22 µg L−1) and percentage conversion of glucose (43.68%). The ethanol production from pretreated office paper using Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process was 21.02 g L−1 after 36 h of cultivation, corresponding to an ethanol volumetric production rate of 0.58 g ethanol L−1 h−1.

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30

Sidibé, Yoro, and Timothy O. Williams. "Agricultural land investments and water management in the Office du Niger, Mali: options for improved water pricing." Water International 41, no. 5 (June 29, 2016): 738–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2016.1178900.

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31

Vandersypen, K., A. C. T. Keita, B. Coulibaly, D. Raes, and J. Y. Jamin. "Drainage problems in the rice schemes of the Office du Niger (Mali) in relation to water management." Agricultural Water Management 89, no. 1-2 (April 2007): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2006.12.006.

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32

Zwart, Sander J., and Lucie M. C. Leclert. "A remote sensing-based irrigation performance assessment: a case study of the Office du Niger in Mali." Irrigation Science 28, no. 5 (November 14, 2009): 371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00271-009-0199-3.

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33

S., Illé, James Didier L., Saidou A., Timi N., and Sani R. "Résultats De 5ans De Thyroïdectomie Au Service D’orl Et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale De l’Hôpital National De Niamey (Niger)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 21 (July 31, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p44.

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Purpose: To evaluate the results of thyroidectomy in the Oto-RhinoLaryngology and Neck Surgery office of the National Hospital of Niamey in Niger. Materials and methods: we analyzed the epidemiological aspects, the indications, the technics and the evolution of thyroidectomy through a retrospective and descriptive study conducted from January 2010 to December 2015. Results: Thyroidectomy represents 8, 51% (n = 236/2773) of the ENT operative activities and an average of 47.2 cases per year for 5 years. Among the patients, there were 15 men and 221 women, a sex ratio of 0.17. The mean age was 37.25 years (extreme 22 and 61 years). The operative indications are dominated by multinodular goiter euthyroid (43.22%), thyroid nodules (39.40%), hyperthyroidism (goiter and Basedow) and substernal goiters, respectively, representing 8.90% and 6.35%. The gestures performed were subtotal thyroidectomy in 56 cases (23.73%), complete thyroidectomy in 85 cases (36.02%) and lobo-isthmectomy in 95 cases (40.25%). The recurrent nerve was searched in 235 cases (99%) and found in 215 cases (91, 10%). It was found 1 case (0.42%) of splitting of the left nerve recurrent. 2 cases (0.84%) of immediate postoperative hemorrhage was recorded. Morbidity was 0.29% with 4 cases of definitive unilateral recurrent paralysis and 3 cases of transient hypoparathyroidism. No mortality was encountered. Conclusion: The thyroidectomy is a frequent intervention in the ENT and Neck Surgery office of the National Hospital of Niamey. Multinodular goiter remains the first surgical indication. Recurrent and hypoparathyroid morbidity was very low.

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34

Brondeau, Florence. "Des périmètres irrigués saheliens à la recherche d'une nécessaire intégration régionale : exemple du Macina (Office du Niger, Mali)." Cahiers d'outre-mer 54, no. 215 (2001): 249–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/caoum.2001.3815.

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35

Vandersypen, K., L. Bastiaens, A. Traoré, B. Diakon, D. Raes, and J. Y. Jamin. "Farmers' motivation for collective action in irrigation: a statistical approach applied to the Office du Niger in Mali." Irrigation and Drainage 57, no. 2 (2008): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ird.355.

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36

Hertzog, T., J. C. Poussin, B. Tangara, and J. Y. Jamin. "Participatory foresight to address long-term issues in a large irrigation scheme. An example in Office du Niger, Mali." Land Use Policy 64 (May 2017): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.01.043.

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37

VAN BEUSEKOM, MONICA M. "DISJUNCTURES IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: MAKING SENSE OF CHANGE IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE OFFICE DU NIGER, 1920–60." Journal of African History 41, no. 1 (March 2000): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853799007550.

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In the introduction to their edited volume International Development and the Social Sciences: Essays on the History and Politics of Knowledge, Frederick Cooper and Randall Packard take on the thorny question of why development policies change and why they sometimes persist or reappear after a period of dormancy. Much recent scholarship has located the reasons for persistence or change in development approaches within international institutions such as multilateral and bilateral aid agencies and Western scientific and social scientific disciplines. Both Arturo Escobar and James Ferguson argue for the existence of a hegemonic development discourse with standardized interventions aimed at ‘solving’ homogenized ‘problems’. Grounded in Western institutions such as the World Bank, this development discourse is maintained by an interlocked network of experts and expertise. In their analyses, development approaches and interventions are minimally affected by the particularities of locale. Other scholars concerned with identifying and understanding significant change in development policy have also focused their studies on Western organizations and disciplines and excluded from their analysis the role that development practice might play in change. But Cooper and Packard challenge scholars to consider the ways in which development policies might be molded by the practice of development, when they note ‘it is not clear that the determinants of these policies are as independent of what goes on at the grassroots as they appear to their authors or their critics to be’.

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IKEDA, Y., E. PARK, and N. OKUDA. "Bioconversion of waste office paper to gluconic acid in a turbine blade reactor by the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger." Bioresource Technology 97, no. 8 (May 2006): 1030–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2005.04.040.

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Ofori, S., and J. Obosi. "PO269 Re-defining Hypertension Among Office Workers In a Multi-National Company In the Niger-Delta Region of Nigeria." Global Heart 13, no. 4 (December 2018): 439–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.223.

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Roberts, Richard. "Reviews of Books:Negotiating Development: African Farmers and Colonial Experts at the Office du Niger, 1920-1960 Monica M. van Beusekom." American Historical Review 108, no. 3 (June 2003): 953–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/529773.

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Kittur, Sagar, Namrata Patil, Shruti Kammar, V. G. Shanmuga Priya, and D. N. Sastry. "Bio-degradation of 40 micron plastic bags by Aspergillus niger and optimization of pre-treatment methods." Environment Conservation Journal 14, no. 3 (December 21, 2013): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2013.14310.

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Lack of degradability and the closing of landfill sites as well as growing water and land pollution problems have led to concern about plastics. Among the various types of plastics, the most extensively used type is polyethylene bags. A survey on 40 micron polyethylene bags was done by obtaining the information from the City corporation office, Belgaum, Karnataka, India on the amount of plastic waste generated in the city. Polyethylene bags having a thickness less than 40 micron are not recycled, thus have to be degraded. In this work, Aspergillus niger is been employed to degrade the 40 micron plastic. Various pre-treatment methods are used which include UV, nitric acid, thermal and UV + nitric acid treatments to effectively degrade the plastic. Different media having pre treated plastic as the carbon source are tested for the degradation of plastic along with the growth of the fungi. Incubation period was taken as 15 and 30 days. Optimization of pre-treatment methods was done to improve the degradation efficiency. Various analysis methods such as FTIR spectroscopy and dry-weight analysis were done to confirm the degradation of plastic.

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Koné, Yénizié, Betty Wampfler, and Jean-François Bélières. "Contribution des institutions de micro financement à l'agriculture familiale dans la zone de l'Office du Niger au Mali. (Contribution of microcredit institutions to family farming in the Niger office area of Mali)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 86, no. 2 (2009): 258–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.2009.2670.

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Moore, Amberley. "“Your lordship's most obliged servant”: letters from Louis Fraser to the thirteenth Earl of Derby, 1840 to 1851." Archives of Natural History 31, no. 1 (April 2004): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2004.31.1.102.

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ABSTRACT: Louis Fraser, sometime curator of the museum of the Zoological Society of London, was described by his contemporaries as a protégé of the 13th Earl of Derby, an “excellent naturalist”, a “zoological traveller” and the author and publisher of Zoologica typica. Published sources provide some information about Fraser but it is not entirely supported by papers in the Public Record Office, Kew, by the minutes of the council meetings of the Zoological Society of London and by Lord Derby's correspondence held at Liverpool and Philadelphia. Fraser corresponded with Lord Derby for eleven years between 1840 and 1851 and his letters to Lord Derby, together with other archives, provide a more accurate and detailed account of this eventful decade of his life, which included his experiences as zoologist on the 1841 naval expedition to the River Niger and his visit to Tunisia in 1846 collecting for Lord Derby about which, hitherto, little has been written.

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Geysbeek, Tim. "Brief Sketch on the Life and Character of the Late Hon. Benj. J. K. Anderson, M.A. PH.D. K.C." History in Africa 34 (2007): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2007.0003.

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Benjamin Anderson (1835-1910), Liberia's great explorer of the nineteenth century, was at the forefront of encouraging the government to establish a viable economic and political presence in the deep interior. Anderson migrated from Baltimore, Maryland, when he was sixteen years old, and became a three-time Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of the Interior, mathematics professor, official surveyor, diplomat, military officer, and accomplished cartographer. He is most noted for having traveled to the fabled town of Musadu in today's Guinea. Musadu seemed to hold much promise to enrich the young colony because of its supposed natural resources such as gold, a strong political base, and connections to the interior trade routes that extended to the Niger River and beyond.Primary source information about Anderson's life comes from his own writings, scattered publications, and archival materials. The most complete contemporary account—published here—is an obituary that an unknown author wrote shortly after Anderson died. The obituary was located in the Frederick Starr Papers (Box 9, Folder 9) in the Department of Special Collections at the University of Chicago's Regenstein Library in 2000. It is typed on 8 ½″ × 14″ paper with “Republic of Liberia, Montserrado County, Superintendents Office” pre-printed on the back of each sheet. This paper's title is the same as the original title of the obituary. The document gives several interesting bits of information about Anderson's life that are not found in any other sources, and contains considerable data that can be independently confirmed.

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Dou, Nan, Evaniya Shakya, Raphia Ngoutane, Roger Sodjinou, Christine Kaligirwa, Anne-Sophie Le Dain, Aashima Garg, et al. "Trends and Influencing Factors of Complementary Feeding Practices in Niger: An Analysis of National Surveys From 2000 – 2018." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab045_021.

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Abstract Objectives To examine the trends and influencing factors of suboptimal complementary feeding (CF) practices among children aged 6–23 months in Niger using national data from 2000 to 2018. Methods Using data from the 2000 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2012 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), and 2018 Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions survey in Niger, the trends and predictors of WHO-UNICEF CF indicators including timely introduction of complementary foods (INTRO), minimum meal frequency (MMF), minimum dietary diversity (MDD), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) were estimated. Using the most completed data in CF and influencing factors (available from 2012 DHS), multilevel logistic regression models were applied to identify factors at the individual, household and community levels that were associated with meeting INTRO, MMF, MDD, and MAD. Results The weighted proportion of children aged 6–8 months meeting INTRO increased from 56.0% in 2000 to 84.4% in 2018. The weighted proportion of children meeting MMF (51.3% to 77.9%), MDD (9.8% to 14.2%), and MAD (5.6% to 10.9%) also increased between 2012 - 2018. At the individual level, children with mothers who were employed had higher odds of meeting all four indicators as compared to those whose mothers were unemployed. Older child age and maternal exposure to media were significantly associated with higher odds of meeting MMF, MDD, and MAD. Maternal education and child birth weight greater or smaller than average (reference) were positively associated with the odds of meeting MMF and MAD, and antenatal iron supplementation and currently breastfeeding were positively associated with the odds of achieving MDD and MAD. At the household level, the odds of meeting MMD and MAD were higher among children from wealthier households. At the community level, the odds of meeting INTRO and MMF were higher among children from communities with greater access to health services. Conclusions Despite the improvement in CF practices since 2000, only 10% of children from 6–23 months received minimum acceptable diets. Factors associated with CF were distributed across individual, household and community levels, suggesting the need for multi-level strategies to improve child nutrition in Niger. Funding Sources UNICEF West and Central Africa Regional Office (Grant # 43279190).

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Soumano, Lassine, and Mamoudou Traoré. "Contribution of an innovation platform to change the management of collective irrigation: a case study from the Office du Niger (Mali)." Cahiers Agricultures 26, no. 4 (2017): 45003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2017030.

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Vandersypen, Klaartje, Kongotigui Bengaly, Abdoulaye C. T. Keita, Souleymane Sidibe, Dirk Raes, and Jean-Yves Jamin. "Irrigation performance at tertiary level in the rice schemes of the Office du Niger (Mali): Adequate water delivery through over-supply." Agricultural Water Management 83, no. 1-2 (May 2006): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2005.11.003.

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Coulibaly, G., M. Diallo, H. Madsen, A. Dabo, M. Traoré, and S. Keita. "Comparison of schistosome transmission in a single- and a double-cropped area in the rice irrigation scheme, ‘Office du Niger’, Mali." Acta Tropica 91, no. 1 (June 2004): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.02.008.

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De Clercq, D., M. Sacko, J. Vercruysse, V. vanden Bussche, A. Landoure, A. Diarra, B. Gryseels, and A. Deelder. "Circulating anodic and cathodic antigen in serum and urine of mixed Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infections in Office du Niger, Mali." Tropical Medicine and International Health 2, no. 7 (July 1997): 680–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3156.1997.d01-354.x.

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Doumbia, D., A. van Paassen, S. J. Oosting, and A. J. van der Zijpp. "Livestock in the rice-based economy of Office du Niger: The development potential for increased crop–livestock integration through multi-actor processes." NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 60-63 (December 2012): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2012.07.002.

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