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Journal articles on the topic 'Office layouts'
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Mohammad A. Binyaseen, Adel. "Office layouts and employee participation." Facilities 28, no. 7/8 (May 25, 2010): 348–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02632771011042455.
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Du, Tiantian, Sabine Jansen, Michela Turrin, and Andy van den Dobbelsteen. "Impact of space layout on energy performance of office buildings coupling daylight with thermal simulation." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 03077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911103077.
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Space layout design is one of the most important phases in architectural design, and current studies have shown that it can affect building energy performance. However, its influence has not been quantified. This paper aims at investigating the impact of space layouts on building energy performance. We use the floor plan of an office building in the Netherlands as reference, and propose eleven space layouts based on the reference. Calculations are performed with the tools Honeybee and Ladybug in Grasshopper, which are developed based on Daysim and EnergyPlus, to simulate lighting, cooling and heating demand of these layouts. In addition, we couple daylight with thermal simulation, by importing the artificial lighting schedule calculated in Daysim to EnergyPlus. The result shows that the heating demand of the worst layout is 12% higher than the best layout, the cooling demand of the worst layout is 10% higher than the best layout, and the lighting demand of the worst layout is 65% higher than the best layout. The total final energy use of the worst layout is 19% higher than the best layout.
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Du, Tiantian, Michela Turrin, Sabine Jansen, Andy van den Dobbelsteen, and Francesco De Luca. "Relationship Analysis and Optimisation of Space Layout to Improve the Energy Performance of Office Buildings." Energies 15, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15041268.
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Architectural space layout has proven to be influential on building energy performance. However, the relationship between different space layouts and their consequent energy demands has not yet been systematically studied. This study thoroughly investigates such a relationship. In order to do so, a computational method was developed, which includes a method to generate space layouts featuring energy-related variables and an assessment method for energy demand. Additionally, a design of experiments was performed, and its results were used to analyse the relationship between space layouts and energy demands. In order to identify their relationship, four types of design indicators of space layout were proposed, both for the overall layout and for each function. Finally, several optimisations were performed to minimise heating, cooling and lighting demands. The optimisation results showed that the maximum reduction between different layouts was up to 54% for lighting demand, 51% for heating demand and 38% for cooling demand. The relationship analysis shows that when comparing the four types of design indicators, the façade area-to-floor area ratio showed a stronger correlation with energy demands than the façade area ratio, floor area ratio and height-to-depth ratio. Overall, this study shows that designing a space layout helps to reduce energy demands for heating, cooling and lighting, and also provides a reference for other researchers and designers to optimise space layout with improved energy performance.
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Lai, Lawrence W. C., K. W. Chau, Stephen N. G. Davies, and Locinda M. L. Kwan. "Open space office: A review of the literature and Hong Kong case studies." Work 68, no. 3 (March 26, 2021): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203408.
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BACKGROUND: Open plan or open space office has become increasingly popular but those who promote the concept seldom refer to health studies or workers’ perceptions of a change in office layout towards an open space arrangement. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on open plan or open space office layouts in terms of facilities management (FM) with users’ perceptions in mind and to obtain opinions of users of open space offices for a better appreciation of the FM issues. METHODS: A literature search of research papers from 2007 in journals using the keywords “open plan office” and “open space office” plus “health”, first in the titles then in the text, was carried out. Thirty-two of those papers, accessible by the authors’ institutions, were consulted together with 5 other works in the Harvard Business Review. The review consulted but excluded papers and reports published or sponsored by commercial firms that were in favour of open space layouts. Case studies were conducted by face to face meetings in confidence with workers in the middle managements of twelve Hong Kong organisations known as friends to two of the authors. Problems as seen by staff are reported and discussed. RESULTS: The literature review reveals that apart from writing that promotes the use of an open plan office layout, a host of scientific works point to the problems of perceived dissatisfaction with such a layout, the nature of the dissatisfaction tending to depend on the actual design. Most workers interviewed disliked the new style open plan layouts, which points to the necessity of consulting workers when such changes are contemplated, as well as monitoring the results of the change once it is in place whether against workers’ wishes or with their support. There is a need for a number of facility arrangements in making a change to open plan that ensures that worker needs for proper lighting, privacy, and indoor health will be met. CONCLUSIONS: If the aim of a change to an open plan arrangement is to promote collegial communications in office, the study sheds light on the extent to which such arrangements may not in practice be suitable for achieving the aim. It follows that further, more specifically sociological studies of workers’ job satisfaction and emotional health in open plan office settings would be worth doing.
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Nanayakkara, Kusal Tharinda, Sara Jane Wilkinson, and Sumita Ghosh. "Future office layouts for large organisations: workplace specialist and design firms’ perspective." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 23, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-02-2020-0012.
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Purpose Office layout arrangements have a significant influence on many important aspects of organisations, and design firms need to liaise with the client to determine the most appropriate design process. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors design firms consider when designing new office layouts and the nature of future offices from the design and workplace strategist firms’ perspectives. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative study comprising interviews with leading international and nation design firms and workplace strategy consultant firms in Australia. Qualitative data was analysed using a thematic approach, which adopted within case, and across case, analyses. Findings Research identified major factors considered when identifying appropriate workplace strategies. These included the existing and preferred culture of the organisation, the level of flexibility required, functionality and technology requirements, acoustic strategies, sense of community and generation gap between employees. Participants believed future offices would be technology driven, community oriented, sustainability, health and well-being focussed, smaller in size with satellite offices, such as co-working and office spaces. Research limitations/implications This research has implications for industry and academics, as it provides an in-depth understanding of workplace specialists’ and design firms’ perceptions of clients’ contemporary and future requirements from office spaces. It also illustrates what they look at when designing office spaces for large corporates. Practical implications Research demonstrates how the office environment should match with the physical and psychological needs of the organisation and its employees. Findings have practical applications to professionals in human resource management and the design, management, development and valuation of office buildings. Originality/value This paper provides in-depth insights into how design firms and workplace strategists meet organisations’ changing demand for physical spaces, their main considerations in developing new workplace strategies, process followed and nature of future workplace in Australian context.
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Du, Tiantian, Sabine Jansen, Michela Turrin, and Andy van den Dobbelsteen. "Effects of Architectural Space Layouts on Energy Performance: A Review." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 29, 2020): 1829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051829.
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As one of the most important design tasks of building design, space layout design affects the building energy performance (BEP). In order to investigate the effect, a literature review of relevant papers was performed. Ten relevant articles were found and reviewed in detail. First, a methodology for studying the effects of space layouts on BEP were proposed regarding design variables, energy indicators and BEP calculation methods, and the methodologies used in the 10 articles were reviewed. Then, the effects of space layouts on energy use and occupant comfort were analysed separately. The results show that the energy use for heating, cooling, lighting and ventilation is highly affected by space layouts, as well as thermal and visual comfort. The effects of space layouts on energy use are higher than on occupant comfort. By changing space layouts, the resulting reductions in the annual final energy for heating and cooling demands were up to 14% and 57%, respectively, in an office building in Sweden. The resulting reductions in the lighting demand of peak summer and winter were up to 67% and 43%, respectively, for the case of an office building in the UK, and the resulting reduction in the air volume supplied by natural ventilation was 65%. The influence of other design parameters, i.e., occupancy and window to wall ratio, on the effects of space layouts on BEP was also identified.
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Ahmad, Nurbarirah, Aziean Jamin, Raja Mayang Delima Mohd Beta, Shafinar Ismail, Siti Rosnita Sakarji, and Zainab Mohd Zain. "The Importance of Office Layout for Employee Productivity." Dinamika Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 164–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v15i2.26081.
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This study was conducted to explain the impact of open and enclosed plan office layouts on employee productivity. The subject area for this study was in Amanah Saham Pahang Berhad (ASPA). This study involved 52 respondents from Administration Department, Finance Department, Logging, Planning and development of Forest Department and Investment Department. Data collection method used a questionnaire, and descriptive analysis is used to data analysis. The results showed that the condition of employee productivity was in good condition, but the office layout did not affect employee productivity. Moreover, the results from the findings showed that only enclosed plan office had significant positive relationships and it answered research questions and supported the hypotheses presented in this research study. As a conclusion, this research study helps the other researcher to explore the impact of office layout on employee productivity. This research study result was supported by previous results presented at every research finding.
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Kwon, Minyoung, and Hilde Remøy. "Office employee satisfaction: the influence of design factors on psychological user satisfaction." Facilities 38, no. 1/2 (August 30, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2019-0041.
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Purpose Employees’ satisfaction and productivity is one of the main interests of employers. Psychological comfort can cause dissatisfaction with their work. Thus, it is important to understand what factors contribute to employees’ satisfaction in workplaces. The purpose of this paper is to identify the weight of contribution of each design parameter on increasing psychological satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The study included 579 employees in five offices in The Netherlands through an online survey. The typologies of offices vary in terms of office layouts, orientations and façade. Additionally, a parameter of desk location was included as this factor may be associated with user satisfaction. Kruskal–Wallis H test, categorical regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the impact of these design parameters on psychological user satisfaction. Findings The results revealed the impact of design parameters on the psychological satisfaction. The parameters of office layouts and desk locations were the significant predictor factors for the probability of satisfaction variables (e.g. privacy, concentration, communication, social contact and territoriality). The parameters for optimal satisfaction were found in cellular office, north-west oriented workstation and 4 m away from a window. Originality/value Psychological comfort is an inevitable aspect in user satisfaction studies. This paper, therefore, measures and predicts the relationship between design factors and employees’ satisfaction through case studies in The Netherlands. The findings help designers, architects, planners and facility managers to develop user-focussed office design principles supporting employees’ work performance.
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Anderson, Carl, Carlo Bailey, Andrew Heumann, and Daniel Davis. "Augmented space planning: Using procedural generation to automate desk layouts." International Journal of Architectural Computing 16, no. 2 (June 2018): 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077118778586.
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We developed a suite of procedural algorithms for space planning in commercial offices. These algorithms were benchmarked against 13,000 actual offices designed by human architects. The algorithm performed as well as an architect on 77% of offices, and achieved a higher capacity in an additional 6%, all while following a set of space standards. If the algorithm used the space standards the same way as an architect (a more relaxed interpretation), the algorithm achieved a 97% match rate, which means that the algorithm completed this design task as well as a designer and in a shorter time. The benchmarking of a layout algorithm against thousands of existing designs is a novel contribution of this article, and we argue that it might be a first step toward a more comprehensive method to automate parts of the office layout process.
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Halvitigala, Dulani, and Richard G. Reed. "Identifying adaptive strategies employed by office building investors." Property Management 33, no. 5 (October 19, 2015): 478–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-10-2014-0041.
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Purpose – With strategies including flexible work practices, tenants are increasingly seeking flexibility in their physical office space and layouts. The purpose of this paper is to examine to what extent investors address tenants’ changing demand for office space with reference to layouts in new and existing office buildings. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative study comprising in-depth individual interviews with senior portfolio managers of all listed property trusts investing in the office sector in New Zealand was undertaken. Findings – The findings confirmed property investors incorporate several adaptive and flexible space design and specifications in their modern office buildings to enhance space flexibility and functional efficiency. These include adaptive building structures, efficient floor plates, flexible building services, advanced IT networking, high-quality building amenities and modern building materials. Building structures and layouts are designed to be modified quickly and cost effectively to address tenants’ changing needs. Implications affecting tenant demand for flexible spaces on their lease contracts were also identified. Research limitations/implications – The findings from this research have implications for management of office space. Although the data were sourced with reference to buildings located in New Zealand only, the findings are applicable to office buildings in other countries. Practical implications – The study provides an insight into design strategies adopted in modern office buildings to enhance space flexibility and functional efficiency. These findings are of practical application to professionals involved in the design, development, investment and valuation of modern office buildings. Originality/value – The paper provides in-depth insights into how investors meet tenants’ changing demand for physical space which is linked to delivering improved and stable market-driven returns to investors.
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Nanayakkara, Kusal, Sara Wilkinson, and Dulani Halvitigala. "Influence of dynamic changes of workplace on organisational culture." Journal of Management & Organization 27, no. 6 (November 2021): 1003–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2021.69.
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AbstractChallenged by the effects of organisational flexibility and high corporate real estate costs, organisations are increasingly seeking flexibility and operational efficiency in their office spaces. To date, the literature relating to flexible office spaces has focused mainly on their physical characteristics. The full effects of such spaces on human reactions and the corporate culture of organisations are less understood. The objective of this paper is to examine the influence of introducing activity-based working (ABW) on existing organisational culture. It was addressed from the perspective of the management of large corporate organisations. A mixed-method research that included a qualitative approach followed by a quantitative approach was adopted. The first stage included semistructured interviews with 19 large organisations who had introduced flexible layouts. The second stage involved a questionnaire survey of 32 organisations which had experienced office layout changes. Findings identify that the nature of workplace designs has a considerable impact on the corporate culture of an organisation and can be used to leverage and change its culture. Workplace designs directly influence culture by supporting the systems, symbols, engagement/motivation and behaviours of the organisation and employees. However, some differences between the perceptions of public and private organisations were identified. In conclusion, office layouts are artefacts that can either support, or change, the existing organisational culture. Therefore, the critical achievement of workspace design is to integrate the cultures, values and behaviours of organisations to meet their ultimate goals.
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Pasharibu, Yusepaldo, Agus Sugiarto, Tutuk Ariarsanti, and Petrus Wijayant. "DIMENSIONS OF GREEN OFFICE EVIDENCE FROM REGENCY/CITY GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA." Business: Theory and Practice 20 (October 4, 2019): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/btp.2019.37.
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Green office that is implemented within the environmental management system is one of the current concerns of environmentally friendly advocates. It is to do with the phenomenon of high environmental degradation and the low awareness of people about environmental-friendly behavior. Previous studies have indicated that the application of green office, particularly in government agencies, had not been optimally practiced due to low commitment and scant discussions. This study was thus conducted with the aim of exploring and identifying the various applications and dimensions of the green office concept among government institutions in Central Java, Indonesia. To fulfil the research objectives, a triangulation research method was employed, comprising focus group discussions, in-depth interviews and close observations of the offices located in five (5) municipal government agencies. Results indicated that seven green office dimensions were applied by the government institutions, namely: energy conservation, water conservation, building layouts, office technology, human resource management, work systems, and office waste management.
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Lichołai, Rafał. "EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL LIGHTING IN OFFICE BUILDINGS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A BUILDING LOCATED IN POLAND." Space&FORM 2021, no. 48 (December 6, 2021): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2021.48.b-04.
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It is important for sustainability to reduce the energy demand of both existing and planned buildings. The requirements for workspace lighting clearly define the minimum light intensity that must be provided. The aim of the study was to verify if the selected office layouts independently fulfill the requirements of the Polish Norm for lighting of workplaces without the use of artificial light sources. The analysis took into consideration standard working hours of office buildings, that is from January to December, from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Interpretation of the obtained data allowed to select the layouts that maintain the most stable efficiency of natural daylight.
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Ying, Xiaoyu, Yanling Wang, Wenzhe Li, Ziqiao Liu, and Grace Ding. "Group Layout Pattern and Outdoor Wind Environment of Enclosed Office Buildings in Hangzhou." Energies 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020406.
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This paper presents a study of the effects of wind-induced airflow through the urban built layout pattern using statistical analysis. This study investigates the association between typically enclosed office building layout patterns and the wind environment. First of all, this study establishes an ideal site model of 200 m × 200 m and obtains four typical multi-story enclosed office building group layouts, namely the multi-yard parallel opening, the multi-yard returning shape opening, the overall courtyard parallel opening, and the overall courtyard returning shape opening. Then, the natural ventilation performance of different building morphologies is further evaluated via the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation software Phoenics. This study compares wind speed distribution at an outdoor pedestrian height (1.5 m). Finally, the natural ventilation performance corresponding to the four layout forms is obtained, which showed that the outdoor wind environment of the multi-yard type is more comfortable than the overall courtyard type, and the degree of enclosure of the building group is related to the advantages and disadvantages of the outdoor wind environment. The quantitative relevance between building layout and wind environment is examined, according to which the results of an ameliorated layout proposal are presented and assessed by Phoenics. This research could provide a method to create a livable urban wind environment.
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Tang, Zhi Hong, Wen Jin Liu, and Guo Qiang Zhang. "Research of the Office Chair Coding Technology Based on PDM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (January 2014): 2888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.2888.
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To propose technical difficulties of PDM applied in China office chair industry, and puts forward a solution for the coding problem: first presents a PDM-based classification method of office chair products and parts; Constructed the Office Chair Product Information Tree and base on it established Office Chair Enterprise Information Coding System framework; Base on the classification method and reference the relevant standards, introduce the Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristic, the office chair coding scheme is developed. The coding technique has been verified by applying on Kingdee WISE K/3 PLM system.
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Löffler, Diana, Birgit Wallmann-Sperlich, Juri Wan, Jennifer Knött, Anna Vogel, and Jörn Hurtienne. "Office Ergonomics Driven by Contextual Design." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 23, no. 3 (July 2015): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1064804615585409.
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Following contextual design, we identified motivational and social aspects, as well as environmental factors of desk-based office workplaces, that contribute to sedentary behavior in the workplace. Through 10 full-day work observations, we gathered detailed qualitative data on why and when workers sit and unveiled tacit knowledge about habits and physical workplace layouts that favor prolonged sitting, complementing the mostly quantitative research done in the field. Developing social motivations for standing and walking, distributing frequently used objects to require more walking, and reducing the attractiveness of sitting turned out to be key drivers for reducing and interrupting sedentary behavior.
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Noro, Kageyu, Goroh Fujimaki, and Shinsuke Kishi. "Evidence-Based Ergonomics. A Comparison of Japanese and American Office Layouts." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics 9, no. 4 (January 2003): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2003.11076588.
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Sailer, Kerstin, and Ian McCulloh. "Social networks and spatial configuration—How office layouts drive social interaction." Social Networks 34, no. 1 (January 2012): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2011.05.005.
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Putra, Kadek Dika Arya, and I. Nyoman Nurcaya. "PENGARUH LAYOUT TOKO DAN VISUAL MERCHANDISING TOKO TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN SUPERMARKET TIARA DEWATA DENPASAR." E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana 8, no. 5 (March 4, 2019): 3086. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i05.p18.
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Friendly service is a key to being able to maintain a retail business in the midst of many emerging retail types. To be able to survive and be able to provide customer-friendly services, the company is required to be able to create employee satisfaction in working through the arrangement of shop layouts and visual merchandising stores in outlets. In line with this, this study aims to determine the effect of shop layout and visual store merchandising on employee satisfaction at the Tiara Dewata Denpasar Supermarket. This research was conducted at the Denpasar Tiara Dewata Supermarket using a sample size of 88 people with a saturated sample method. Data collection was obtained from the results of questionnaires at the Denpasar Tiara Dewata Supermarket using as many as 16 indicators and the indicators were measured using a Likert scale. The data analysis techniques used in this study are multiple regression analysis and accompanied by classical assumption and hypothesis testing. The results of the study found that shop layout and visual store merchandising partially had a positive and significant effect on employee satisfaction. In addition, shop layout and visual merchandising stores simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee satisfaction. This result confirms that to improve employee satisfaction the company is expected to be able to create a comfortable and safe atmosphere of the office environment through structuring shop layout and visual merchandising stores.
Keywords: store layouts, visual merchandising stores, employee satisfaction
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Appel-Meulenbroek, Rianne, Astrid Kemperman, Marleen Kleijn, and Els Hendriks. "To use or not to use: which type of property should you choose?" Journal of Property Investment & Finance 33, no. 4 (July 6, 2015): 320–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-09-2014-0059.
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Purpose – Corporate real estate (CRE) is a costly and risky asset in need of more rigorous evaluation methods to support strategic decision making for portfolio and asset management. Especially the indirect added value on organizational revenues is hard to quantify, while it is gaining importance. The purpose of this paper is to describe a quantitative technique that predicts office use as input for CRE management (CREM) decisions. Design/methodology/approach – After a literature study to identify relevant aspects influencing office use in modern work environments, a Bayesian belief network (BN) is constructed from a large database of 80,907 observations of office use in three organizations in Belgium and the Netherlands. Next specific evidence from future scenarios of organizational change is entered to discuss the application of BN for CRE decision-making processes. Findings – This study showed that the use of activity-based offices might be influenced by a complex network of office design variables and user characteristics. The use of the predicting possibilities of a BN model can help CRE managers identify employee behaviour inside their offices. That information is valuable input for future workplace decisions and strategic CREM activities. Practical implications – This study provides CRE managers with a model to gain knowledge on office use to get a better grip on how to add value with activity-based office concepts. The results obtained through using such a model can help support decision making on their office layouts. Originality/value – Bayesian BNs have not been used in this area of research before. This paper provides both academics and practitioners with valuable insights in the possibilities of this methodology for the field.
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Uygun, İlknur Erlalelitepe, Tuğçe Kazanasmaz, and Serdar Kale. "An Empirical Validation of Estimation Model (OptimLUM) for Energy Efficient Luminaire Layout Design in Offices." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2020 (February 2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2018-052.
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This study performed with the purpose of constructing and validating a model named OptimLUM (Optimizing Luminaire Layouts) to estimate the most accurate location, number and type of artificial light sources according to average illuminance and maximum uniformity in an office. OptimLUM is appling through Excel Spreadsheet to develop the model and uses Evolver, which is basing on genetic algorithm to implement optimization routine. To validate the reliability of the proposed model, luminaire layout scenairos generated for two types of luminaires after taking illuminance measurements in an actual office. OptimLUM illuminance values were comparing statistically with measurement and DIALux results to test the applicability of the model. The model performance is highly accurate in determining luminaire positions: coefficient of determination R2 and coefficient of variation CV were equal to (86–99)% and to (0.04–0.12) respectively, and for all scenarios. Its outputs are closer to the actual measurements when compared with DIALux outputs.
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Md Ajis, Azizah, Shin Muramatsu, and Ryusuke Naka. "Comparative Study of Small Office Layout Based on Amount of Communication and Knowledge Creation Behavior." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.789.
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The increasing use of electronically mediated communication among workers when dealing with collocated group members has become unavoidable. Besides, communication is a vital part of sustainability strategy of an organization in order to keep abreast with business agility, as well as increasing organization’s intellectual productivity. However, the importance of physical workplace as a place supporting face to face communication cannot be denied since it is one of the factors of successful accomplishment of complex group tasks and activities. In this paper, we explored and compared the characteristics of two small office layout and physical settings on group’s communication while performing their work process – in this case we adopted SECI Model behaviors. The ethnographic and cross-sectional studies were conducted, and relationship between physical design, communication and work process have been explored by considering the office layout of two project groups at research institution in Japan. The findings highlighted the differences in distribution of amount of communication in these two layouts based on several measurements such as communication contents, unit boundaries, SECI behaviors and so on. Based on the result of the study, we suggest the layout and physical settings that foster communicative workplace as well as supporting their work process.
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Tang, Zhi Hong, Wen Jin Liu, and Guo Qiang Zhang. "Research on the Key Technology of PDM Applied to Office Chair Manufacturer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 532 (February 2014): 629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.532.629.
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To propose technical difficulties of PDM applied in China office chair industry, and puts forward a solution for the coding problem: first presents a PDM-based classification method of office chair products and parts; Constructed the Office Chair Product Information Tree and base on it established Office Chair Enterprise Information Coding System framework; Base on the classification method and reference the relevant standards, introduce the Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristic, the office chair coding scheme is developed. The coding technology has been verified by applying on Kingdee WISE K/3 PLM system. For the problem of office chair non-digital product data digitization, puts forward the Office Chair Template Data Acquisition & Output Technology, to digitalise the non-digital data for facilitating the PDM system to manage, share to CAM equipment. The technology has been successfully applying to Landmega Furniture Co., Ltd.
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Chang, Ping-Teng, Jung-Hua Lee, Kuo-Chen Hung, Jen-Teng Tsai, and Chyung Perng. "Applying fuzzy weighted average approach to evaluate office layouts with Feng–Shui consideration." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 50, no. 9-10 (November 2009): 1514–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2008.07.038.
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Sailer, Kerstin, Petros Koutsolampros, and Rosica Pachilova. "Differential perceptions of teamwork, focused work and perceived productivity as an effect of desk characteristics within a workplace layout." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 28, 2021): e0250058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250058.
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The impact of the physical workplace on behaviors and attitudes at work is a much-studied topic. Major research streams over the last decades investigated either satisfaction with offices in relation to physical comfort, or how layout decisions influenced interaction and collaboration in the workplace with a focus on open-plan offices. Rather little is known on the effect a workplace layout (such as its openness) has on perceptions of staff regarding teamwork, focused work and perceived productivity. We aim to close this gap by taking a differential approach which appreciates detailed variations within open-plan offices. Not every corner of an office is the same, so the question arises whether satisfaction with workspace differs depending on where someone is sitting. Bringing results of a staff survey in the UK headquarters of a global technology company together with a detailed analysis of spatial qualities at desks based on isovist and visual field analysis, we find that staff are less likely to rate their workplace environment favorably when they have higher numbers of desks within their own field of vision; and when they are facing away from the room with a relatively larger area behind their back compared to the area surrounding them. Aspects of teamwork that are negatively affected include sharing information with others, as well as team identity and cohesion. Focused work (concentration) and working productively are impacted even more so with the largest effect sizes throughout. These findings highlight the relevance of investigating detailed spatial qualities of micro-locations in workplace layouts. Our results also raise important questions regarding the current popular practice in workplace design of providing large open-plan offices for technology companies.
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Ulpan, Auyezova, and Alizhan Kazkeyev. "Influence of architectural and planning solutions on fire risk in public buildings." Technobius 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 0005. http://dx.doi.org/10.54355/tbus/1.3.2021.0005.
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This article is devoted to the study of the influence of architectural and planning solutions on fire risk in public buildings. The calculation and assessment of fire risk was carried out on the example of one floor of a conditional office building with a free layout, where the tenant himself can change it at will. The input data for the calculation were two different layouts of the same floor, while the total square footage remained unchanged. As a calculation tool used the software package FireCat, which includes the programs Pyrosim, Pathfinder and FireRisk. The calculation took into account parameters such as the degree of fire resistance of the building, the number of rooms, the width and direction of door opening, the number of people on one floor of the building, including various mobility groups. Simulation modeling allowed to compare architectural and planning solutions for the same building and choose the best layout in terms of individual fire risk.
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Du, Tiantian, Sabine Jansen, Michela Turrin, and Andy van den Dobbelsteen. "Effect of space layouts on the energy performance of office buildings in three climates." Journal of Building Engineering 39 (July 2021): 102198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102198.
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Vartiainen, Eero. "Electricity benefits of daylighting and photovoltaics for various solar facade layouts in office buildings." Energy and Buildings 33, no. 2 (January 2001): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7788(00)00073-6.
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Gonçalves, Márcio S., Aleksandar Pavic, and Roberto L. Pimentel. "Vibration serviceability assessment of office floors for realistic walking and floor layout scenarios: Literature review." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 6 (November 29, 2019): 1238–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219888753.
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Over the last two decades, office floors have been built progressively lightweight with increasing spans and slenderness. Therefore, vibration performance of office floors due to walking dynamic loads is becoming their governing design criterion, determining their size and shape, and therefore overall weight and embodied energy of the building. To date, floor design guidelines around the world recommend walking load scenarios in offices featuring some or all of the following standard characteristics: (a) walking loads are assumed to be periodic dynamic excitation represented by the Fourier series, including harmonics corresponding to up to the first four integer multiples of the pacing frequency of which at least one is exciting the floor at a resonant frequency and (b) single person walking. However, the literature surveyed provides evidence that such assessment methodology is potentially an over-simplification which does not reflect real walking load scenarios, since crucial features of the floor vibration source, path and receiver are missing. First, in terms of vibration source, realistic scenarios need to feature (a) moving rather than stationary walking forces, (b) stochastic nature of human gait, (c) simultaneous multi-person walking and (d) human–structure interaction. Second, for the transmission path (i.e. office floor structure), two features are needed to consider: (a) realistic office floor layouts and (b) presence, or absence, of non-structural elements. Finally, for the vibration receivers (i.e. floor occupants), (a) vibrations calculated at floor locations occupied by users (instead of at the potential highest response location which may not be occupied), (b) actual period over which occupants feel vibration due to such excitation and (c) assessment of vibration levels based on their probability of occurrence. This study therefore addresses these seldom considered but increasingly important features and discusses realistic approaches to floor design for vibration serviceability.
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Floss, Mayara, Kyle Hoedebecke, and Josep Vidal-Alaball. "Where is the patient’s chair? Differences in general practitioner consultation room layouts - an exploratory questionnaire." F1000Research 8 (August 15, 2019): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19565.1.
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Background: Health clinic design varies from country to country. The layout of a general practitioner’s (GP’s) consulting room may influence the physician’s or patient’s experience. The aim of this study is to explore and investigate the layout of GP’s consulting rooms around the world and to describe any significant differences. Methods: Between 3rd July and 2nd August 2018, an internet-based questionnaire on Google Docs was distributed by email, social media and WhatsApp platforms to several worldwide rural medicine groups. Analysis of an internet-based questionnaire to explore possible layouts of consultation rooms within practices was performed. The questionnaire was designed with three distinct sections: first, a GP demographic profile including gender, year of graduation from medical school, country of graduation, and type of practice (private or public); second, questions relating to the office layout; third, a section for questionnaire feedback. Results: 502 responses to the questionnaire were received; 65.3% women and 34.7% men. The most common layout in Europe and America was where the physician and the patient were separated by a desk. The layout where the physician and the patient had a 90º angle facing each other was the most commonly used layout in Asia-Australia and Africa. For GPs who graduated before 1990 and between 1990-2010, the layout where the table was between the patient and physician was preferred. However, physicians graduating after 2010 preferred a layout with the physician and the patient with a 90º angle facing each other. Conclusion: The position of the GP’s desk differs between and within countries as well as the gender of the physician and year of graduation. Next steps should focus on gathering an even greater breadth of GP input, as well as comparing and contrasting those to the preferences of our patients and communities.
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Floss, Mayara, Kyle Hoedebecke, and Josep Vidal-Alaball. "Where is the patient’s chair? Differences in general practitioner consultation room layouts - an exploratory questionnaire." F1000Research 8 (April 17, 2020): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19565.2.
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Background: Consultation room design varies from country to country. The layout of a general practitioner’s (GP’s) consulting room may influence the physician’s or patient’s experience. The aim of this study is to explore and investigate the layout of GP’s consulting rooms around the world and to describe any significant differences. Methods: Between 3rd July and 2nd August 2018, an internet-based questionnaire on Google Docs was distributed by email, social media and WhatsApp platforms to several worldwide rural medicine groups. Analysis of an internet-based questionnaire to explore possible layouts of consultation rooms within practices was performed. The questionnaire was designed with three distinct sections: first, a GP demographic profile including gender, year of graduation from medical school, country of graduation, and type of practice (private or public); second, questions relating to the office layout; third, a section for questionnaire feedback. Results: 502 responses to the questionnaire were received; 65.3% women and 34.7% men. The most common layout in Europe and America was where the physician and the patient were separated by a desk. The layout where the physician and the patient had a 90º angle facing each other was the most commonly used layout in Asia-Pacific and Africa. For GPs who graduated before 1990 and between 1990-2010, the layout where the table was between the patient and physician was preferred. However, physicians graduating after 2010 preferred a layout with the physician and the patient with a 90º angle facing each other. Conclusion: The position of the GP’s desk differs between and within countries as well as the gender of the physician and year of graduation. Next steps should focus on gathering an even greater breadth of GP input, as well as comparing and contrasting those to the preferences of our patients and communities.
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Starr, Christopher W., Eliza Ruth Starr, and Elaine Worzala. "The impact of software company size and culture on commercial real estate location and design." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 21, no. 3 (September 9, 2019): 171–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-11-2018-0043.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship of software company culture and core values and project management methodologies on the demand for corporate real estate (CRE), impacting decisions regarding location, square footage, office design and amenities. Design/methodology/approach A researcher-administered survey was designed with the assistance of a purposive sample of brokers, architects and interior designers to elicit responses from the CRE officers in software companies at four stages of growth, from small, entrepreneurial startups to large, publicly traded software companies, located in the same metropolitan area of the USA. Quantitative responses are summarized with traditional statistics and data visualizations. Linguistic analysis, including sentiment analysis and keyword relevance, was performed on the unstructured, English text responses. Findings Differences exist in the office layouts, amenities and locations across the four software company size categories studied. Linguistic analysis of company descriptions of office design, culture and core values, and the relationship between the two, provide another way for brokers, investors and other stakeholders to understand company perspectives and communication idioms related to CRE needs. The research was unable to show any differences in any dependent variable based on software project management methodologies due to sampling limitations. Research limitations/implications This study is limited by the sample size of the participating software companies based on access to company leadership. Results are not generalizable. Practical implications Architects, investors, brokers and lenders may find value in using this study’s approach to better understand the needs of software technology clients. Specifically, stakeholders may find value in examining the linkage from software company size, culture and core values to CRE office layout, amenities and location. Originality/value The qualitative findings suggest that software company culture and core values and company size influence the design of the CRE demanded by software companies. Multivariate data visualization was designed to communicate longitudinal CRE data. Linguistic analysis was used to extract the emotional content and relevance scores from company descriptions of office design, company culture and core values and the reported effect of culture and core values on office design. Findings may be beneficial for stakeholders involved in the design, location and future CRE investments, and they suggest the need for future research on a larger sample.
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Phapant, Panupant, Abhishek Dutta, and Orathai Chavalparit. "COVID-19 Experience Transforming the Protective Environment of Office Buildings and Spaces." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 9, 2021): 13636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413636.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has affected human life in every possible way and, alongside this, the need has been felt that office buildings and workplaces must have protective and preventive layers against COVID-19 transmission so that a smooth transition from ‘work from home’ to ‘work from office’ is possible. However, a comprehensive understanding of how the protective environment can be built around office buildings and workspaces, based on the year-long experience of living with COVID-19, is largely absent. The present study reviews international agency regulation, country regulation, updated journal articles, etc., to critically understand lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the expected changes in sustainability requirements of office buildings and workplaces. The built environment, control environment, and regulatory environment around office buildings and workplaces have been put under test on safety grounds during the pandemic. Workers switched over to safely work from home. Our findings bring out the changes required to be affected in the three broad environmental dimensions to limit their vulnerability status experienced during the pandemic. Office building designs should be fundamentally oriented to provide certain safety protective measures to the workers, such as touch-free technologies, open working layouts, and workplace flexibilities to diminish the probability of getting infected. Engineering and administrative control mechanisms should work in a complementary way to eliminate the risk of disease spread. Country regulation, agency regulations, and operational guidelines need to bring behavioral changes required to protect workers from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Chacon Vega, Ricardo Jose, Stephen P. Gale, Yujin Kim, Sungil Hong, and Eunhwa Yang. "Does an open-plan office actually work? A workplace gap analysis: importance and perceived support of key activities." Journal of Corporate Real Estate 22, no. 4 (May 22, 2020): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcre-03-2020-0014.
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Purpose This study aims to investigate the performance of open-plan office layouts and to identify occupants’ concerns in existing open-plan office layouts. Design/methodology/approach Workplace activity questionnaire (WAQ) was administered in the form of an online survey in March 2019, as part of a design briefing process for the expansion of the office facilities located in Bangalore, India, for a Fortune 100 software technology company. A total of 4,810 questionnaires were distributed and 3,877 responses were received (80.6% response rate). After that, 849 incomplete responses were eliminated from the analysis, resulting in a final sample size of 3,028. The questionnaire included 11 key activities conducted by the office workers and established the gap between the workers’ perceived importance and support from their existing facilities using a five-point Likert scale. Findings The findings of this study provide strong evidence that different physical environments influence the satisfaction of occupants. An improvement of the facilities, especially by enabling areas for quiet working, should be prioritized in relation to the other activities surveyed. Also, office workers perceived significantly different support levels for quiet working depending on their department, while there was no significant difference between the workers of different buildings. Research limitations/implications Individual demographic information was not collected because of the possibility of personal identification. There was also a lack of objective environmental measures, such as temperature and noise level. Thus, the quality of indoor environments was unknown. In this study, some respondents mentioned dissatisfaction with indoor environmental quality, including noise, temperature and air quality in their comments. Originality/value In the programming stage of a workplace design process, the WAQ survey tool has value because it renders important insight into the perception of a live workplace, which can then be used to determine priorities for a design effort. It clearly identifies the areas to focus on, ask questions about and develop improvements. Validating its reliability will enhance its credibility and confidence in its use. In addition, the large sample size provides statistical advantages in the data analysis, providing a higher likelihood to find a true positive of the findings of the study. Also, having a relatively high response rate provides an advantage of mitigating the risk of having non-response bias in the analysis.
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NORITAKE, Shigetoshi, Takeshi FURUHASHI, Akikazu KATO, and Yoshiki UCHIKAWA. "A Proposal on Indexation and Knowledge Acquistion for a Case Utilizing System for Dsign of Office Layouts." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems 9, no. 4 (1997): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jfuzzy.9.4_485.
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Boubekri, Mohamed, Jaewook Lee, Piers MacNaughton, May Woo, Lauren Schuyler, Brandon Tinianov, and Usha Satish. "The Impact of Optimized Daylight and Views on the Sleep Duration and Cognitive Performance of Office Workers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9 (May 6, 2020): 3219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093219.
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A growing awareness has recently emerged on the health benefits of exposure to daylight and views. Daylight exposure is linked to circadian rhythm regulation, which can have significant impacts on sleep quality and cognitive function. Views of nature have also been shown to impact emotional affect and performance. This study explores the impact of optimized daylight and views on the sleep and cognitive performance of office workers. Thirty knowledge workers spent one week working in each of two office environments with identical layouts, furnishings, and orientations; however, one was outfitted with electrochromic glass and the other with traditional blinds, producing lighting conditions of 40.6 and 316 equivalent melanopic lux, respectively. Participants in the optimized daylight and views condition slept 37 min longer as measured by wrist-worn actigraphs and scored 42% higher on cognitive simulations designed to test their higher order decision-making performance. Both sleep and cognitive function were impacted after one day in the space, yet the impacts became more significant over the course of the week. The positive effect of optimized daylight and views on cognitive function was comparable for almost all participants, while increases in sleep duration were significantly greater for those with the lowest baseline sleep duration. This study stresses the significance of designing with daylight in order to optimize the sleep quality and performance of office workers.
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Radermacher, Katharina, Martin R. Schneider, Anja Iseke, and Tobias Tebbe. "Signalling to young knowledge workers through architecture? A conjoint analysis." German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung 31, no. 1 (November 19, 2016): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397002216676038.
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In this article, we examine corporate architecture as an effective signal to knowledge workers in the recruiting process. Two types of corporate architecture that are common in the knowledge economy are distinguished: traditional functionalist and new functionalist architecture. New functionalist architecture combines a flat, transparent facade with semi-open office layouts including areas for social interaction. Holistically these functional elements signal and symbolize a non-bureaucratic, non-hierarchical organization. A conjoint analysis provides a first attempt to quantify how much students care for new functionalist architecture. Students’ stated preferences imply that they would forgo on average 10% of their starting salary in order to work in the new functionalist rather than the traditional functionalist workplace. The magnitude of this effect supports the view that architecture matters for job choice. Limitations of our study and directions for future research are discussed.
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Haghighat, Fariborz, Yan Huo, Jianshun Zhang, and Chia-yu Shaw. "The Influence of Office Furniture, Workstation Layouts, Diffuser Types and Location on Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort Conditions at Workstations." Indoor Air 6, no. 3 (September 1996): 188–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1996.t01-1-00006.x.
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He, Cheng, Wei Tian, and Zebiao Shao. "Impacts of Courtyard Envelope Design on Energy Performance in the Hot Summer–Cold Winter Region of China." Buildings 12, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020173.
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This paper aims to investigate the effects of courtyard envelope design on the energy performance of office buildings in the hot summer–cold winter region of China. Two types of courtyard buildings were simulated with 200 energy models by changing the following variables: window–wall ratio (south, north, east, and west walls), window U-value, wall U-value, solar heat gain coefficient, and orientation. The treed Gaussian process (TGP) sensitivity analysis method was employed to quantify the contributions of parameters related to courtyard design that result in the changes of annual cooling, heating, lighting, and total energy consumption. The results show that the courtyard envelope design has a significant effect on the energy consumption in this case study. The most influential factor affecting annual cooling energy consumption and the annual total energy consumption is the orientation, which is responsible for 37% and 81%, respectively, in two layouts to annual cooling energy use. The corresponding proportion increased to 45% and 86% in terms of the total energy consumption. The most influential factor influencing annual heating energy use is the window U-value, which explained nearly 60% of the changes to the heating energy use. The effect of the solar heat gain coefficient in two kinds of layouts is as high as 82% and 79% for lighting energy use in this case study. Due to the different courtyard forms, the magnitude of the effect of the parameters on energy consumption and the main trend of the effect is slightly different.
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Lantrip, David B. "Environmental Constraint of Human Movement: A New Computer-Aided Approach." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 15 (October 1993): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303701515.
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This session demonstrates a computer program, called MacISOKIN, that reveals where and how the physical environment constrains the movements of inhabitants. An associated research paper explains how ISOKIN measures of environmental constraint are related to the environmental satisfaction of office workers. MacISOKIN was recently developed to facilitate a research project sponsored by Steelcase, Inc. at the University of Michigan. The demonstration emphasizes how this computer-aided approach can assist designers and planners with the critical design tradeoffs inherent in limited space scenarios. MacISOKIN provides color graphics and numerical reports to identify areas in a floorplan where furnishings or the activities of other inhabitants are a likely source of interference. The “object-oriented” user interface allows the user to quickly change numerous analysis variables. For example, the impact of alternative layouts may be tested by adding, deleting or moving a wall or furnishing. Alternative activity scenarios may be explored by cutting and pasting “body-motion envelopes” from a library of pre-analyzed activities.
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Pires Bastos, Maria Caroline, Ramon Bezerra Fernandes, and Daniel Paulo de Andrade Silva. "AVALIAÇÃO DE DECISÕES DE PROJETO ATRAVÉS DE SIMULAÇÕES DE DESEMPENHO." Revista Extensão & Cidadania 10, no. 17 (June 30, 2022): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22481/recuesb.v10i17.9625.
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O artigo apresenta como tema as simulações de desempenho aliada com a análise sintática do espaço como ferramentas de avaliação de decisões de projeto. Fruto de um projeto de extensão, objetiva avaliar o desempenho da mudança de layouts em um edifício empresarial e o impacto dessas nos padrões de circulação e acessos. Desenvolveu-se através de uma análise comparativa entre as configurações espaciais diferentes e a implementação do modelo Open Office. Utilizou-se como recurso metodológico a elaboração de mapas de cheios e vazios e diagnóstico dos espaços através de simulações de desempenho e aplicando conceitos de conectividade, integração e inteligibilidade oriundos da Análise Sintática do Espaço. No estudo apresentado, nota-se que a nova proposta é visualmente mais ordenada quanto aos padrões de circulação, enquanto a atual demonstra um fluxo descontínuo e variável. Ainda é constatado, através da aplicação dos conceitos da Análise Sintática do Espaço, os ganhos em termos de visibilidade, melhoria nos padrões de movimento e possíveis ganhos de comunicação decorrentes do aumento da possibilidade de encontros na estrutura espacial.
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Koirala, N. P., A. Hee, and A. D. Burnett. "Geotechnical input to land use planning in Hong Kong." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 4, no. 1 (1987): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1987.004.01.74.
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AbstractThe importance of efficient landuse and town planning in Hong Kong has been accentuated in recent years because of the shortage of readily developable natural terrain and the high price of the man-made land which is consequently required to be formed under the adverse conditions of hilly topography, difficult geology and severe rainfall. The allocation of land, for all requirements in the community, is undertaken in Hong Kong by means of a land planning procedure by which boundaries for different classes of landuse are defined and delineated on statutory Outline Zoning Plans while more detailed development proposals and site layouts are shown on Departmental Plans.The paper describes the different types of land planning documents dealt with by the Geotechnical Control Office and discusses the objectives and techniques of geotechnical assessment of these plans. The main geological and geotechnical hazards and constraints faced during land development are also discussed and reference is made to case histories of geotechnical input to specific projects to illustrate the role of engineering geology in the land planning process.
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Muhammad, Zandy, Paul Reynolds, Onur Avci, and Mohammed Hussein. "Review of Pedestrian Load Models for Vibration Serviceability Assessment of Floor Structures." Vibration 2, no. 1 (December 25, 2018): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vibration2010001.
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Innovative design and technological advancements in the construction industry have resulted in an increased use of large, slender and lightweight floors in contemporary office buildings. Compounded by an ever-increasing use of open-plan layouts with few internal partitions and thus lower damping, floor vibration is becoming a governing limit state in the modern structural design originating from dynamic footfall excitations. This could cause annoyance and discomfort to building occupants as well as knock-on management and financial consequences for facility owners. This article presents a comprehensive review pertinent to walking-induced dynamic loading of low-frequency floor structures. It is intended to introduce and explain key walking parameters in the field as well as summarise the development of previous walking models and methods for vibration serviceability assessment. Although a number of walking models and design procedures have been proposed, the literature survey highlights that further work is required in the following areas; (1) the development of a probabilistic multi-person loading model which accounts for inter- and intra-subject variabilities, (2) the identification of walking paths (routes accounting for the effect of occupancy patterns on office floors) coupled with spatial distribution of pedestrians and (3) the production of a statistical spatial response approach for vibration serviceability assessment. A stochastic approach, capable of taking into account uncertainties in loading model and vibration responses, appears to be a more reliable way forward compared to the deterministic approaches of the past and there is a clear need for further research in this area.
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Ying, Xiaoyu, and Wenzhe Li. "Effect of Floor Shape Optimization on Energy Consumption for U-Shaped Office Buildings in the Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Area of China." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 8, 2020): 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052079.
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This paper explored the effects of the side proportion of building floor shape on building energy consumption. It is based on the analysis of regression models that were developed in the present study. The simplified building models can be used to conduct a parametric study to investigate the effect of building plane shape parameters on total heating and cooling load. DesignBuilder was used to build and simulate individual building configuration. Energy consumption simulations for forty-eight U-shaped buildings with different plane layouts were performed to create a comprehensive dataset covering general ranges of side proportions of U-shaped buildings and building orientations. Statistical analysis was performed using MATLAB to develop a set of regression equations predicting energy consumption and optimizing floor shapes. Furthermore, perimeter-area ratio (PAR), width ratio, and depth ratio were considered as three factors to characterize the quantitative relationship between floor shape and energy consumption. It is envisioned that the binary quadratic polynomial regression models, visualized as a smooth surface in space and mapped to a vortex image on the plane, can be used to estimate the energy consumption in the early stages of the design when different building schemes and design concepts are being considered.
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Bunn, Roderic, and Ljiljana Marjanovic-Halburd. "Comfort signatures: How long-term studies of occupant satisfaction in office buildings reveal on-going performance." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 38, no. 6 (April 26, 2017): 663–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417707668.
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Occupant surveys reveal how people in buildings perceive their internal environments. The Soft Landings extended handover process, which requires project teams to focus more on operational outcomes, has led to the use of occupant surveys during a three year Soft Landings aftercare period to provide a means of checking whether the desired outcomes have been met. However, little is known of the longitudinal perceptions of occupant satisfaction in buildings, and the relationships between those perceptions and the many environmental, seasonal and functional comfort variables that act upon occupant satisfaction. This paper reports the results of time-series surveys on two office buildings. Occupant satisfaction scores have been compared with the technical, organisational and functional contexts in the work environments, such as density, workgroup sizes, and cellular and open-plan layouts, to determine whether changes in these parameters have significantly altered levels of perceived occupant comfort and productivity. The research found stability in some contexts but statistical declines in others. Conclusions are made regarding the key operational factors that may contribute to changes in occupant satisfaction over time. Factors that might constitute limits to office carrying capacity are discussed. Practical application: The growing use of the Soft Landings approach to building procurement and handover, with greater emphasis on designing for improved operational outcomes, is creating a demand to understand more about occupant needs and expectations. The central government equivalent – Government Soft Landings – is similarly placing a requirement on public sector construction projects to deliver buildings with improved environmental and functional outcomes. Delivering these expectations requires construction professionals to develop skills in building performance evaluation, particularly in understanding the primary drivers that lead to high occupant perceptions of comfort, health, productivity and wellbeing. This research provides real-world evidence to clients and their design advisors on the key factors for ensuring long-term occupant satisfaction, while for building management professionals the research identifies some organisational risk factors that may lead to a fall in satisfaction during long-term operation.
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Wijaya, Bambang Sukma, and Muhammad Taufiq Amir. "Communication with Compassion as Positive Leadership Practices: The Case of Nutrifood Indonesia." Studies in Media and Communication 10, no. 1 (March 7, 2022): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v10i1.5485.
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The recent emergence of negative communication and apathetic behavior requires positive communication by considering empathy known as Komunikasih (In Indonesian, communication with compassion). Besides individuals, institutions, including companies, should apply Komunikasih to practice positive communication. This article examines the Rumah Kedua (second home) program of Nutrifood Indonesia as the embodiment of the company's value or culture, namely “i-care.” This study employed a case study method with a Komunikasih theory analysis. The data were collected using textual, visual, digital, manual, professional, and personal document search, and in-depth interviews with key informants: the CEO and several employees of Nutrifood. This study revealed that the Komunikasih spirit embodies in the form of 1) equality, 2) sincerity, 3) compassion, 4) affection, 5) respectfulness, 6) friendship, 7) sense of family, 8) meaningfulness, 9) wellness, and 10) loyalty. Consequently, the company created a comfortable working atmosphere that makes the office like a second home. Nutrifood has used multimedia and multi-sensory messages through videography, storytelling, books, wall quotes, and ambient layouts to communicate these values. Other companies can use the findings of this study as a reference to implement the idea of Komunikasih in their internal and external communication.
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Rossi, Mario N. "Speech Intelligibility and Confidentiality in Open Premises." Building Acoustics 1, no. 3 (September 1994): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1351010x9400100303.
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This article presents the results of an acoustic study in open premises in banks, where the main problem is to guarantee the confidentiality of the conversations between the customers and the bank advisor. The open architectural concept considered here is a generalisation the “Garden office”: although it does give concrete expression to the desire for openness and availability to the public, it poses new difficulties on an acoustic level. How can we in fact avoid the conversations being heard in an area that has neither doors nor complete partitions and for which the main characteristic is precisely to have as few partitions as possible? Based on measurements carried out in premises of this type, we have been able to establish the quantities that best characterise the situation. We observed that the intelligibility still remained good despite the attenuation brought about by the addition of screens, which obviously meant that the confidentiality could not be guaranteed. Once this was established, a certain amount of acoustic layouts were defined – which should already be defined during the pilot phase - that were able to reconcile the need for openness to the public with the confidentiality of the conversations.
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DeCelles, Katherine A., and Michael I. Norton. "Physical and situational inequality on airplanes predicts air rage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 20 (May 2, 2016): 5588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1521727113.
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We posit that the modern airplane is a social microcosm of class-based society, and that the increasing incidence of “air rage” can be understood through the lens of inequality. Research on inequality typically examines the effects of relatively fixed, macrostructural forms of inequality, such as socioeconomic status; we examine how temporary exposure to both physical and situational inequality, induced by the design of environments, can foster antisocial behavior. We use a complete set of all onboard air rage incidents over several years from a large, international airline to test our predictions. Physical inequality on airplanes—that is, the presence of a first class cabin—is associated with more frequent air rage incidents in economy class. Situational inequality—boarding from the front (requiring walking through the first class cabin) versus the middle of the plane—also significantly increases the odds of air rage in both economy and first class. We show that physical design that highlights inequality can trigger antisocial behavior on airplanes. More broadly, these results point to the importance of considering the design of environments—from airplanes to office layouts to stadium seating—in understanding both the form and emergence of antisocial behavior.
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Shen, Jialei, Kaloki Nabutola, Michael J. Birnkrant, Peter J. McKinney, Bing Dong, and Jianshun Zhang. "Estimation of infection risk through airborne transmission in large open spaces with different air distributions." E3S Web of Conferences 356 (2022): 05017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202235605017.
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Respiratory diseases such as COVID-19 can be spread through airborne transmission, which is highly dependent on the airflow pattern of the studied room. Indoor air is typically not perfectly mixed even using a mixing ventilation, especially in large spaces. Airflow patterns in large open spaces such as hotel banquet rooms and open plan offices, are of particular concern, as these spaces usually accommodate more occupants and thus have the potential to spread diseases more rapidly leading to outbreaks. Therefore, understanding airflow patterns in large open spaces can help to estimate the detailed infection risk at certain locations in the space, which can prevent the spread of virus and track the potential new infections. This study estimated airflow patterns in a typical banquet room under theatre and banquet scenarios, and a large open plan office using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Typical ventilation and air distribution approaches, as well as room layouts and occupant configurations in these scenarios were studied and applied in simulations. According to current results, the air distribution in a typical hotel banquet room with mixing ventilation can be very complicated, particularly for the banquet scenario. For a typical theatre scenario, under typical ventilation design, people sitting in the middle and lateral area were exposed to the highest infection risk. The front rows may be exposed to short-range transmission as well. For a banquet scenario, people sitting on the same table were more likely to be cross contaminated. But cross-table infection was still possible. The results can provide guidance on designing ventilation and air distribution approaches in large spaces with similar settings.
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Paul, Rajendra D. "Effects of Office Layout and Sit-Stand Adjustable Furniture: A Field Study." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 7 (October 1995): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900704.
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In a controlled field study, twelve office employees with computer-intensive jobs were monitored during the redesign of their work environment. Before office redesign, they worked in closed offices with four walls and sitting height, non-adjustable workstations. Then they worked in more open offices with three walls and sit-stand adjustable VDT workstations. The effects of this office redesign were evaluated three months post-occupancy. During the three months, employees worked standing for two hours every day. The results suggest that change in the office layout, i.e. open versus closed, increased the interaction and communication between employees. However, it significantly decreased employees' perceived privacy, and increased the amount of visual and noise distractions. In the offices with sit-stand adjustable furniture, subjects felt more energetic and less tired by the end of the workday.