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Journal articles on the topic 'Office of Drug Abuse Services'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Caha, Dinka, Helena Križan, and Irena Velimirović. "Current state of selective prevention practice of drug abuse in Croatia." Kriminologija & socijalna integracija 25, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31299/ksi.25.2.3.

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Drug use is a phenomenon which seriously disturbs the health and the ability to function socially and in a balanced manner for a large number of young people in Croatia who are at the most sensitive stage of their individual development (Petrović, 1983; as cited in Bouillet, 2007). The perspective of developmental psychopathology helps to create all-encompassing theoretical models that explain the development of problems related to drug abuse, identify the groups that have the highest risk and guide the creation of logical models for prevention programs. This paper offers a hypothesized model of development of addiction problems in adolescence from the perspective of developmental psychopathology and uses it as a tool to analyse the current state of selective prevention practice in Croatia. The national focal point for drugs and drug addiction is located within the Office for Combating Drug Abuse of the Government of the Republic of Croatia. This Office also runs a Database of projects and programs administered in the field of drug demand reduction. According to the database review performed by the authors on June 26th 2016, 57 selective prevention programs were identified that fit the criteria for being “selective” (according to the definition by Mrazek & Haggerty, 1994). Among these, 15 selective prevention programs were identified as matching the criteria of “program” used by the US Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS, 2013a & 2013b). The suggested theoretical model was subsequently compared to the goals and activities of these programs.

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2

Roy, Pritam Kumar, Mounika Pydipalli, Shruti Trivedi, Waheda Rehman, and Vallabh Thakkar. "Life skills education: a coping strategy against substance abuse." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 4147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20213056.

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Substance abuse has been a topic of discussion for healthcare professionals. It involves using harmful or hazardous psychoactive substances that, if administered into one's system, can affect the mental processes. Consumption of these substances leads to societal as well as health problems among its users there by indirectly affecting their families too. These substances mainly include alcohol, tobacco, opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, hallucinogens, prescription and over-the-counter drug abuse.1,2 According to the world drug report 2020 by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), there are about 35 million people who suffer from drug use disorders and require treatment services globally.2 In India, the substance abuse epidemic in the younger generation has increased rapidly. The crucial factors which lead to these problems involve familial, social as well as individual problems. Familial issues may involve childhood maltreatment or familial substance abuse. Similarly, social issues involves deviant peer pressure and association with popular groups in order to prevent from being bullied. Individual factors which might lead to substance abuse includes depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).3 Its prevalence at the national level varies for different substance abuse forms, accompanied by drastic regional variations. Issues regarding treatment access and adherence concerning substance user disorders (SUD) already existed. Due to the current COVID-19 situation, drastic social and economic changes have further worsened the situation. So in this regard, newer strategies have to be brought up in place.4 It has been found that life skills education is one of the most influential activities in school-based substance abuse prevention.

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3

Parran, Theodore V., Joseph Z. Muller, Elina Chernyak, Chris Adelman, Christina M. Delos Reyes, Douglas Rowland, and Mykola Kolganov. "Access to and Payment for Office-Based Buprenorphine Treatment in Ohio." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 11 (January 1, 2017): 117822181769924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178221817699247.

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Importance: Office-based opiate agonist therapy has dramatically expanded access to medication-assisted treatment over the past decade but has also led to increased buprenorphine diversion. Objective: Our study sought to characterize physicians who participate in office-based therapy (OBT) to assess patient access to OBT in Ohio 10 years after its introduction. Design/Setting/Participants: Cross-sectional telephone survey of Drug Addiction Treatment Act–waivered physicians in Ohio listed by the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT). Main Outcomes: This study sought to determine what proportion of eligible physicians are actively prescribing buprenorphine, whether they accept insurance for OBT, and whether they accept insurance for non-OBT services. In addition, we evaluated what physician characteristics predicted those primary outcomes. We hypothesized that a significant minority of eligible physicians are not active prescribers of buprenorphine. In addition, we expected that a significant minority of OBT prescribers do not accept insurance, further restricting patient access. We further hypothesized that a large subset of OBT prescribers accept insurance in their regular practices but do not take insurance for OBT. Results: Of the 466 listed physicians, 327 (70.2%) practice representatives were reached for interview. Thirty-three physicians were excluded, with a true response rate of 75.5%. In total, 80.7% of providers reached were active OBT prescribers. Of these, 52.7% accepted insurance for OBT, 20.8% accepted insurance for non-OBT services but not for OBT, and 26.5% did not accept insurance for any services. Practices who did not accept insurance were more likely among dedicated addiction clinics located outside of Ohio’s 6 major cities. Practices who normally accepted insurance but did not for OBT services were more likely in urban locations and were not associated with dedicated addiction practices. Neither business practice was associated with physician specialty Conclusions and Relevance: Access to OBT in Ohio is far lower than what the 466 listed physicians suggests. Nearly 1 in 5 of those physicians are not active OBT prescribers, and 1 in 2 active prescribers do not accept insurance for OBT. Further research is needed to determine whether practices who do not accept insurance provide care consistent with CSAT guidelines and whether such practice patterns contribute to buprenorphine diversion.

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4

Urgessa Gita, Dinaol, Getachew Abeshu, and Berhanu NigussieWorku. "Street Children’s Drug Abuse and Their Psychosocial Actualities Synchronized with Intervention Strategies in South West Ethiopia." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 5 (November 16, 2019): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1170.

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Today’s children in developing countries are growing up in an increasingly stressful circumstance. As consumption of substances is increased, the of age of beginning is falling. Hence, this research examined street children’s drug abuse, their psychosocial actualities synchronized with intervention strategies. Explanatory sequential research design was employed. A total of 150 street children and four key informants were selected through simple random sampling using lottery methods and purposive sampling technique respectively. Questionnaire, interview guide, FGD probes and observation checklist were employed as tools of data collection. The result of the study portrayed that sniffing glue and gasoline were becoming the drugs of choice for most children living on the street. Further, street children faced various psychological and social strainsfrom absence of meeting their basic social needs and services to certain disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. Government bodies’ interventions were limited andinconsistentthat only undergoesinformal education thatcould not bring considerable change; it lacks solidity and incompatibility with the number of street children runway over a time in the study area. In conclusion, most of the street children in South west Ethiopia are at adversary peak of drug abuse and psychosocial challenges. Thus, South-West areas Women and Children Affairs Offices, Labor and Social Affairs Offices and GOs and NGOs working on these matters ought to take these issues into greater consideration and act accordingly. In collaboration with professionals, they also need to work on drug free child sensitive preventive and rehabilitation counseling and other psychosocial support.

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5

Leigh, Victoria, and Sarah MacLean. "Silent deaths: a commentary on new mortality data relating to volatile substance abuse in Great Britain." Drugs and Alcohol Today 19, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-08-2018-0039.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on new information from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) on deaths caused by volatile substance abuse (VSA) in Great Britain which occurred between 2001 and 2016. Design/methodology/approach Comparing the new study with previous mortality data, the authors consider the strengths and some limitations of the analysis provided by ONS. Findings By utilising a broader range of codes and collating additional information from death certificates, the new report provides a more comprehensive measure of VSA mortality than was previously available, showing increasing prevalence of deaths. The age profile of people dying is older than in previous studies. Most deaths were associated with inhalation of gases and almost three-quarters of deaths involved volatile substances alone. Practical implications Understanding VSA mortality is essential for service planning. It is important that we identify why so many people whose deaths are associated with VSA are not accessing treatment, with particular concern about treatment access for those who only use volatiles. Training to support drug and alcohol and other health service staff to respond to VSA is essential. In future reports, data to identify socioeconomic correlations of VSA deaths would enable targeted responses. Additionally, information on whether deaths occur in long term rather than episodic or one-off users could enable risk reduction education. Originality/value This paper shows how data on VSA deaths may inform for policy and service planning.

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6

Susanto, Joko. "UPAYA DINAS KESEHATAN DALAM MENCEGAH PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT HIV AIDS DI KABUPATEN BUNGO." Transparansi Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 2, no. 1 (July 14, 2019): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/trans.v2i1.420.

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Bungo Regency is one of the autonomous regions in Jambi Province. Bungo Regency is an area that shows rapid development in all fields. These developments have a negative impact which one of these impacts is the rampant drug abuse and covert prostitution. Even though these two factors are the main mediators of the spread of HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study was to find out about the health service's efforts in preventing the spread of HIV AIDS in Bungo District. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. In this study the population was the Bungo District Health Office and the Bungo District community as a validity test, the number of samples was 12 informants, consisting of 7 informants from the Health Office and 5 informants from the community. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and document review. Processing data is taken from primary data sourced from interviews, secondary data through theoretical analysis sourced from books, reports, and photographs. The results showed that the Health Service's efforts to prevent the spread of HIV / AIDS in Bungo District through various comprehensive measures, including preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative with broad participation and cooperation involving various sectors and non-governmental organizations and communities has been good enough and has progressed but still needs to be improved so that Bungo Regency can be cleared of HIV / AIDS

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Susilawati and Andri Yan. "Persepsi Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Kota Depok Terhadap Pembangunan Kesehatan di Depok Tahun 2018." ARKESMAS (Arsip Kesehatan Masyarakat) 4, no. 2 (February 29, 2020): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22236/arkesmas.v4i2.3750.

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ABSTRACT This study aims to explore perceptions of the main health problems in Depok according to members of the Depok Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) and the Head of Depok City Health Office. This research uses qualitative methods with descriptive research design. The research subjects were seventeen Depok DPRD members. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data reduction, data presentation and data verification were used in data analysis process. Triangulation of techniques and sources have been performed. The Informants stated several main problems in Depok City which are inadequate number of health service facilities and the infrastructures, unhealthy behavior, inequitable access to health Care by the poor in community, lack of health workers, the existence of infectious and non-communicable diseases, limited collaboration between the government and private sector specifically in national health insurance scheme, environmental health issues , drug abuse and lack of performance of information management systems especially at the Regional General Hospital. Keywords: Perception, Regional House of Representatives, Health Development, Health Problem

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Dobs, Yasminah Elsaadany, and Mohamed Medhat Ali. "The epigenetic modulation of alcohol/ethanol and cannabis exposure/co-exposure during different stages." Open Biology 9, no. 1 (January 2019): 180115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.180115.

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Studies have reported the significant economic impact of smoking cannabis and drinking alcohol In the USA. It was estimated that the costs of cannabis-related treatment, hospitalization and loss of work-related pay have amounted to $200 billion. (Andersen AM, Dogan MV, Beach SRH, Philibert RA. 2015 Genes 6 , 991–1022. ( doi:10.3390/genes6040991 )). Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions showed that individuals with general anxiety disorder and substance use disorder (GAD-SUD) have higher psychiatric comorbidity rates than those without substance use disorder (Alegría AA, Hasin DS, Nunes EV, Liu SM, Davies C, Grant BF, Blanco C. 2010 J. Clin. Psychiatry 71, 1187–1195. ( doi:10.4088/JCP.09m05328gry )). Moreover, the criminal justice system is significantly impacted by this cost (Andersen AM, Dogan MV, Beach SRH, Philibert RA. 2015 Genes 6 , 991–1022. ( doi:10.3390/genes6040991 )). Despite the increasing use of cannabis, there are still too many obscure facts. One of the new areas that scientific evidence shows is impacted negatively by cannabis use is the epigenome, which is an understudied area that we are still learning about. In addition, over the past few decades, we have seen various social and healthcare changes that have raised critical questions about their ongoing roles in regulating marijuana and alcohol use. This is important because of the increasing popularity and usage across various ages especially young adults and teenagers. More than 97.5 million Americans over 12 years old have used cannabis for non-medical use despite the significant side effects, with 1 in 10 users developing cannabis dependence (Crean RD, Crane NA, Mason BJ. 2011 J. Addict. Med. 5, 1–8. ( doi:10.1097/ADM.0b013e31820c23fa ), Office of Applied Studies. 2006 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, USA.). It was reported that 16% of substance abuse admissions in the USA were for cannabis-related symptoms, which is second only to alcohol-related disorders (Agalioti T, Lomvardas S, Parekh B, Yie J, Maniatis T, Thanos D. 2000 Cell 103, 667–678. ( doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00169-0 ), Soutoglou E, Talianidis I. 2002 Science 295, 1901–1904. ( doi:10.1126/science.1068356 )). Today there are thirty-one states and the District of Columbia that currently have legalized marijuana for either medical or recreational use. Data about marijuana use from NIAAA's National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) indicates that ‘in total, 79 000 people were interviewed on alcohol and drug use. When examined by age young adults (ages 18–21) were found to be at highest risk for marijuana use and marijuana use disorder, with use increasing from 10.5 to 21.2% and disorder increasing from 4.4 to 7.5%’. ‘Given these facts, George Koob, PhD, director of NIAAA stated the importance for the scientific community to convey this information to the public about the potential hazards of marijuana and it's use’. On the other hand, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 16 million adults suffer from alcohol use disorders. To the best of our knowledge, epigenetic mechanisms have been previously studied in alcohol and cannabis abuse separately. Recent studies highlighted the molecular mechanisms that are linked with drug-induced transcriptional regulation, behavioural abnormalities and neurodegeneration, which has emphasized the role of chromatin modification/remodelling in the generation of drug activation of certain genes and the disabling of others, and the effect of that on addiction (Maze I, Nestler EJ. 2011 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1216, 99–113. ( doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05893.x ); Renthal W, Nestler EJ. 2008 Trends Mol. Med . 14, 341–350. ( doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2008.06.004 )). In this review, we will give an overview of epigenome science relevant to cannabis/the endocannabinoid system and the potential of epigenetic overlap between alcohol and cannabinergic activity at different stages, to aid further investigations that could bring more treatment options to our horizon.

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9

Heyman, Richard B., and Hoover Adger. "OFFICE APPROACH TO DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION." Pediatric Clinics of North America 44, no. 6 (December 1997): 1447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70568-x.

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10

Bush, Booker. "Alcohol and Drug Abuse as Encountered in Office Practice." Gastroenterology 102, no. 1 (January 1992): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(92)91830-w.

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11

Klein, Roger D., and Sheldon Campbell. "Health Care Fraud and Abuse Laws." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 130, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 1169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2006-130-1169-hcfaal.

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Abstract Context.—Health care fraud and abuse enforcement actions have significantly expanded in number and scope during the past several years. The Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General named review of in-office pathology services a critical priority in its 2005 Work Plan. As providers of pathology and laboratory medicine services, pathologists need to be aware of the potential impact of these laws on their practices. Objectives.—To review the major statutes and regulations underlying most federal investigations and prosecutions of health care fraud, with a special emphasis on their relationships to pathology practice. Design.—The authors reviewed pertinent federal statutes, regulations, and other documents, along with relevant legal literature. Results.—The health care fraud and abuse laws are complicated and potentially impact pathology practice in unforeseen ways. Conclusions.—The health care fraud and abuse laws are complex and often counterintuitive. The penalties for violation of these laws are severe. Because they may impact many areas of pathology and laboratory medicine practice, pathologists are advised to consult experienced legal counsel prior to embarking on potentially suspect health care arrangements.

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12

Gheorghiu, Ionela, Alain Lesage, Adam Mongodin, and Marlène Galdin. "PP142 A Mental Health Hospital-based Health Technology Assessment In Quebec, Canada: Structure And Products." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002896.

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INTRODUCTION:Our Hospital-based Health Technology Assessment unit (HB-HTA) was founded in 2011 following the nomination of Louis-H. Lafontaine hospital as the Montreal University Mental Health Institute (IUSMM). From the beginning, the HB-HTA has been supporting and advising the Chief Executive Officer of IUSMM in the decision-making process concerning the implementation of new technologies and practices in mental health. Since 2015, the HB-HTA is part of the East of Montreal Regional Integrated Health and Social Services Centre (CIUSSS de l'Est-de-l’Île de Montréal), continuing to support decisions in mental health. Currently, the HB-HTA unit is nested in the Quality, Performance and Ethics department.METHODS:Formed by a coordinator, a scientific advisor and a manager, the HB-HTA team plans, organizes and sets up the evaluation activities. The unit benefits from the support of a Steering Committee which consists of representatives of clinical, administrative and research directions, as well as of health users and families. This committee determine the strategic orientation of the HB-HTA unit, prioritize the projects, approves the evaluation products and gives indications on the knowledge transfer process.RESULTS:To answer the decision questions, our HB-HTA unit employs two types of products: evaluation reports and informative notes. Based on an exhaustive literature search and consultations with stakeholders, the evaluation reports offer recommendations to support the decision-making process. The informative notes are rapid responses based on a partial literature search. The nature of this type of analysis does not allow the formulation of recommendations, however, a conclusion of the consulted literature is offered.CONCLUSIONS:Based on the work of our HB-HTA unit, some important decisions were made by the IUSMM. As an example, the systematic screening of psychiatric patients for drug and alcohol was not favored by our institution; rather than this, priority was given to staff training, in order to better identify and treat psychiatric patients with substance abuse comorbidity.

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Robertson, Elizabeth B., Belinda E. Sims, and Eve E. Reider. "Partnerships in Drug Abuse Prevention Services Research: Perspectives from the National Institute on Drug Abuse." Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research 39, no. 4 (December 28, 2011): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10488-011-0400-x.

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14

Etheridge, Rose M., Jeff C. Smith, Jennifer L. Rounds-Bryant, and Robert L. Hubbard. "Drug Abuse Treatment and Comprehensive Services for Adolescents." Journal of Adolescent Research 16, no. 6 (November 2001): 563–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558401166003.

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15

Hawkins, J. David, Jeffrey M. Jenson, Richard F. Catalano, and Denise M. Lishner. "Delinquency and Drug Abuse: Implications for Social Services." Social Service Review 62, no. 2 (June 1988): 258–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/644546.

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16

Benak, Lynda D., Daniel Eccher, Roy E. McKinney, and Craig M. Smith. "Prescription Drug Monitoring Through The Maine Office of Substance Abuse." Journal of Forensic Nursing 3, no. 3 (September 2007): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01263942-200709000-00009.

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Benak, Lynda D., Daniel Eccher, Roy E. McKinney, and Craig M. Smith. "Prescription Drug Monitoring Through The Maine Office of Substance Abuse." Journal of Forensic Nursing 3, no. 3-4 (June 28, 2008): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-3938.2007.tb00102.x.

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Bah, Yahya Muhammed. "Drug abuse among street children." COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education 4, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23916/0020190416610.

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In The Gambia like all nations, drug abuse is seen as a social and health problem that has many serious implications for the physical, social, psychological and intellectual development of the victims more especially, the children. Therefore, it continues to be a concern to families, community leaders, educators, social workers, health care professionals, academics, government and its development partners. Though there some studies on drug abuse, there is none on children and drug abuse focusing on the street children the most vulnerable category. Street children are hypothesized to be more at risk of any epidemic including drug abuse. This study sought to determine the risk and prevalence of drug abuse among street children focusing on those in the car parks. The research was focused on six critical areas: level of knowledge of drug abuse, perception towards it, level of knowledge of the causes of it in the community and among street children, level of knowledge of negative impacts of it, level of knowledge of the preventive methods; and level of knowledge of the support services and treatments needed by victims. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from thirty five participants (i.e. one driver and six casual apprentices from each of the five car parks) were interviewed. The data was presented and analysed using tables and percentage. The findings revealed among other things, that there is high level of awareness of drug abuse but the feelings towards it is mixed. Like other children, street children are abusing drugs mainly due to peer influence with the ultimate objective of getting high to relief stress, group recognition, trusted by peers, etc. Similarly, participants are highly aware of the negative impacts encompassing fighting, stealing, mental illness, etc. To finance the behaviour, victims are engaged in all types of dangerous antisocial behaviour including romantic ones exposing them to a range of diseases including STIs and HIV/AIDS. Marijuana is the most commonly abused drug. Though in the minority, some have started experimenting cocaine/coke, hashish; and heroin. While participants have good knowledge of the critical methods to fight drug abuse, the support services needed by victims, victims are mostly reluctant to seek the services not only because they are hard to find but fear societal stigmatization, exclusion and discrimination and professionals’ maltreatments.

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Bah, Yahya Muhammed. "Drug Abuse among Street Children." Journal of Clinical Research In HIV AIDS And Prevention 3, no. 3 (November 28, 2018): 12–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-18-2291.

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In The Gambia like all nations, drug abuse is seen as a social and health problem that has many serious implications for the physical, social, psychological and intellectual development of the victims more especially, the children. Therefore, it continues to be a concern to families, community leaders, educators, social workers, health care professionals, academics, government and its development partners. Though there are some studies on drug abuse, there is none on children and drug abuse focusing on the street children the most vulnerable category. Street children are hypothesized to be more at risk of any epidemic including drug abuse. This study sought to determine the risk and prevalence of drug abuse among street children focusing on those in the car parks. The research was focused on six critical areas: level of knowledge of drug abuse, perception towards it, level of knowledge of the causes of it in the community and among street children, level of knowledge of negative impacts of it, level of knowledge of the preventive methods; and level of knowledge of the support services and treatments needed by victims. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from thirty five participants (i.e. one driver and six casual apprentices from each of the five car parks) were interviewed. The data was presented and analyzed using tables and percentage. The findings revealed among other things, that there is high level of awareness of drug abuse but the feelings towards it are mixed. Like other children, street children are abusing drugs mainly due to peer influence with the ultimate objective of getting high to relief stress, group recognition, desire to be trusted by peers, etc. Similarly, participants are highly aware of the negative impacts encompassing fighting, stealing, mental illness, etc. To finance the behavior, victims are engaged in all types of dangerous antisocial behavior including romantic ones exposing them to a range of diseases including STIs and HIV/AIDS. Marijuana is the most commonly abused drug. Though in the minority, some have started experimenting cocaine/coke, hashish; and heroin. While participants have good knowledge of the critical methods to fight drug abuse, the support services needed by victims, victims are mostly reluctant to seek the services not only because they are hard to find but fear societal stigmatization, exclusion and discrimination and professionals’ maltreatments.

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20

Stewart, M. J. "Demands on Clinical Chemistry Services Caused by Drug Related Diagnoses." Scottish Medical Journal 33, no. 1 (February 1988): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693308803300102.

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The changing incidence of any given pathology in the catchment population leads to altered demands on the diagnostic services. Since two perceived problems in Glasgow have been solvent abuse and more recently drug abuse, a study was made of the change in numbers of requests to the clinical biochemistry services generated by patients with a diagnosis related to ingestion of drugs. The figures indicate that alcohol abuse leads to the greatest demands on the service and that this trend is increasing. Solvent abuse is a minor problem and in cases of abuse of hard drugs biochemical analyses other than the screening for drugs themselves seem to be required infrequently.

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21

Vaughn, Thomas, Mary Vaughan Sarrazin, Shadi S. Saleh, Diane L. Huber, and James A. Hall. "Participation and retention in drug abuse treatment services research." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 23, no. 4 (December 2002): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0740-5472(02)00299-4.

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22

GUNTER, TRACY, DONALD BLACK, JANET ZWICK, and STEPHAN ARNDT. "Drug and Alcohol Treatment Services Effective for Methamphetamine Abuse." Annals of Clinical Psychiatry (after Jan 1, 2004) 16, no. 4 (January 1, 2005): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10401230490522007.

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23

McCARTY, DENNIS, THOMAS G. McGUIRE, HENRICK J. HARWOOD, and TIMOTHY FIELD. "Using State Information Systems for Drug Abuse Services Research." American Behavioral Scientist 41, no. 8 (May 1998): 1090–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764298041008006.

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Miller, William R., Carolina E. Yahne, and J. Scott Tonigan. "Motivational interviewing in drug abuse services: A randomized trial." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71, no. 4 (August 2003): 754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.754.

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Cartwright, William S., and Paul L. Solano. "The economics of public health: financing drug abuse treatment services." Health Policy 66, no. 3 (December 2003): 247–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8510(03)00066-6.

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Booth, Brenda M., Joseph J. Shields, and Redonna K. Chandler. "Recent Achievements in Alcohol and Drug Abuse Health Services Research." Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 36, no. 1 (October 10, 2008): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11414-008-9149-8.

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McKeganey, Neil, Joanne Neale, and Michele Robertson. "Physical and sexual abuse among drug users contacting drug treatment services in Scotland." Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 12, no. 3 (June 2005): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687630412331317998.

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London, M., and A. H. Ghodse. "Types of Opiate Addiction and Notification to the Home Office." British Journal of Psychiatry 154, no. 6 (June 1989): 835–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.154.6.835.

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Hospitalised drug addicts were categorised according to the time lapse between onset of their opiate abuse and their first notification to the Home Office. Late notification correlated with a lower level of dependence, a more intermittent pattern of misuse, and a greater likelihood of alcohol abuse. It is postulated that there may be two types of addiction which lie along a continuum.

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Green, C., K. Kendall, G. Andre, T. Looman, and N. Polvi. "A Study of 133 Suicides among Canadian Federal Prisoners." Medicine, Science and the Law 33, no. 2 (April 1993): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249303300207.

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This paper reviews the literature on prison suicide. The characteristics of suicide within the Canadian Federal Penetentiary Service are compared with previous data. In the population examined, prison suicide was found to be a predominently male phenomenon, not associated with age, offence type, previous convictions or length of sentence. It was most commonly committed by hanging, frequently occurring in the period shortly after sentencing. Suicide was associated with single marital status, earlier suicide attempts, a history of drug or alcohol abuse, and a previous history of psychiatric illness.

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Wellisch, Jean, Michael L. Prendergast, and M. Douglas Anglin. "Toward a Drug Abuse Treatment System." Journal of Drug Issues 25, no. 4 (October 1995): 759–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269502500408.

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Drug treatment in the United States has been fragmented, underfunded, less than comprehensive, and poorly planned and integrated. To bring about a significant improvement in the number of drug abusers who receive treatment and in the effectiveness of the treatment they receive, the current fragmented approach needs to be replaced with an integrated, coherent system of drug treatment. This paper discusses the characteristics of a drug treatment system and focuses on two elements of such a system: the use of the health care and criminal justice systems as locations to identify persons in need of drug treatment, and matching clients with appropriate services to improve treatment effectiveness. The paper also discusses several issues that will need to be addressed in developing a drug treatment system, offers examples at the federal, state, and local levels indicative of trends in the direction of a systems approach to drug treatment, and emphasizes the importance of federal leadership in systems development.

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Sambamoorthi, Usha, Lynn A. Warner, Stephen Crystal, and James Walkup. "Drug abuse, methadone treatment, and health services use among injection drug users with AIDS." Drug and Alcohol Dependence 60, no. 1 (July 2000): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-8716(00)80010-1.

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Cartwright, William S. "Economic costs of drug abuse: Financial, cost of illness, and services." Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 34, no. 2 (March 2008): 224–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2007.04.003.

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Cartwright, William S. "Cost-Benefit and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Drug Abuse Treatment Services." Evaluation Review 22, no. 5 (October 1998): 609–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x9802200503.

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Friedmann, Peter D., Stephenie C. Lemon, Michael D. Stein, Rose M. Etheridge, and Thomas A. D???Aunno. "Linkage to Medical Services in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study." Medical Care 39, no. 3 (March 2001): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-200103000-00008.

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Gabriel, Kathleen. "Fraud and Abuse: OIG Advisory Opinion No. 00-3." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 28, no. 2 (2000): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2000.tb00014.x.

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The Office of the Inspector General issued an advisory opinion in April announcing that an arrangement to provide various services free of charge to patients with terminal illnesses who have a prognosis of one year or less to live (the “Program”) does not constitute grounds for sanctions under either the anti-kickback statute, section 1128(b) of the Social Security Act, or under section 1128A(a)(5) of the Act, which prohibits offering of inducements to beneficiaries to influence their selection of a provider for Medicare or Medicaid covered services.The Hospice Foundation of Martin & St. Lucie, Inc., is a Florida nonprofit organization that acts as the supporting foundation for the Hospice of Martin & St. Lucie, Inc., a nonprofit organization that provides various end-of-life services.

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Colson, James. "Office-Based Opioid Dependence Treatment." July 2012 3S;15, no. 3S;7 (July 14, 2012): ES231—ES236. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2012/15/es231.

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Background: Opioid misuse and abuse occurring in association with the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain are not new phenomena, but their increasing prevalence in recent years is unprecedented. Advancements in pharmaceutical technologies have provided opioid-related drugs, which lack the pure mu agonist activity characteristic of the typical opioid congeners. This absent or altered mu receptor activity imparts an opioid receptor antagonistic or partial agonistic pharmacologic action, which serves to modulate the development of opioid-induced tolerance and physical dependence and facilitate detoxification and withdrawal from opioids. Opioid antagonists and partial agonists are being used in abuse deterrent strategy regimens to prevent opioid tolerance and the development of dependence, as well as in the management of opioid detoxification and treatment of withdrawal. The specific opioid antagonists and partial agonists used in these various therapeutic modalities will be the focus of this review. Objectives: Evaluate the comparative therapeutic utility of opioid antagonists and partial agonists in preventing the development of opioid tolerance and treating opioid dependence, detoxification, and withdrawal. A primary focus is the use of opioid antagonists and partial agonists within an office-based practice. Methods: A narrative review of the current literature involving the therapeutic use of opioid antagonists and partial agonists in the management of opioid tolerance, dependence, detoxification, and withdrawal. A computerized literature search in the PubMed, EMBASE, BioMed, and Cochrane Library review databases from 2008 through 2010 was performed. This search included systematic and narrative reviews, prospective and retrospective studies, as well as cross-references from bibliographies of notable primary and review articles and abstracts from scientific meetings. US Food and Drug Administration records and pharmaceutical manufacturers’ product literature were also used in the search. Conclusion: Opioid dependency, whether it results from the misuse or abuse of prescription or street drugs, continues to be a significant public health issue. Passage of DATA 2000 and US Food and Drug Administration approval of buprenorphine and buprenorphine/ naloxone has revolutionized opioid dependence therapy. The traditional addiction medicine therapy regimen of methadone maintenance, with its inherent legal limitations and restrictions, has been challenged by an office-based dependence practice with buprenorphine serving as a prominent therapeutic tool. Key words: opioid antagonist, opioid partial agonist, tolerance, dependence, detoxification, withdrawal, hyperalgesia, buprenorphine, suboxone, naloxone, naltrexone, methylnaltrexone, nalmefene, tramadol, butorphanol, nalbupine, pentazocine.

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Amalianita, Berru, and Firman Firman. "The effectiveness of group guidance in increasing the students assertiveness on prevent drug abuse." Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEK Indonesia 3, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/4.13274.

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Drug abuse in the form of increased aseertiveness through group guidance services in efforts to prevent drugs is rarely done is schools. This study aims to see the effectiveness of guidance services group in increasing student assertiveness to prevent drug abuse. This study used quantitative research with experimental methods Quasi Experiment Design approach through the design of the Non Equivalent Control Group Population research students of SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat and research samples of class XI Mekatronika and XI Audio Visual. Data collected by questionnaire and analyzed using Wilxocon Signed Rank Test and Kolmogorov Smirnov Two Independent. Based on the results of the study it was found that group guidance services were effective in increasing student assertiveness to prevent drug abuse.

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Mariani, Fabio, Rosanna Guaiana, and Teresa Di Fiandra. "An Epidemiological Overview of the Situation of Illicit Drug Abuse in Italy." Journal of Drug Issues 24, no. 4 (October 1994): 579–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269402400403.

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This article focuses on the epidemiology of illicit drug abuse in Italy at the end of 1992. The characteristics of demand and modalities and dimensions of treatment services offered are analyzed. This evaluation is based on data from the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Home Secretary), AIDS Operations Center and Ministry of Justice. The “need for care” estimate comes mainly from private facilities and public services data; the geographic distribution of demand for care in relation to available services is also examined. Finally, data concerning AIDS diffusion and intravenous drug users are presented.

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Togia, Athanasia, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Michael Sindos, Dimitrios Ntourakis, Evangelos Doumouchtsis, Ioannis N. Sergentanis, Constantinos Bachtis, Demetrios Pyrros, and Nikolaos Papaefstathiou. "Drug Abuse-Related Emergency Calls: A Metropolis-Wide Study." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 23, no. 1 (February 2008): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00005537.

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AbstractIntroduction:Drug abuse is an important sociomedical problem in large metropolitan areas. Drug addicts represent a group with particularities, since they hesitate to seek medical care and often refuse hospitalization. Therefore, there is a scarcity of data on drug abuse-related calls. The burden imposed by such calls on emergency health services has not been evaluated in detail.Objectives:The objectives of this study are to: (1) assess the profile of drug abuse-related calls in a large European metropolis, including the spatiotemporal distribution, as well as the frequency and variability of cancellations; and (2) evaluate the mobilization of emergency prehospital care services in response to the calls.Methods:In 2005, the Hellenic National Centre for Emergency Care received 5,836 emergency drug abuse-related calls pertaining to the metropolitan area of Athens, Greece. The analysis focused on: (1) spatiotemporal features of calls/cases; (2) step-by-step cancellation rates in the mobilization of ambulances or other means (mobile intensive care units, specially equipped motorcycles, and super-mini city cars); and (3) response time of the mobilized means. Pearson's chi-square, goodness-of-fit chi-square, and the Kruskal-Wallis tests were used as appropriate.Results:Drug abuse-related calls represented 2% of all emergency calls. Only one-third of these cases were transported to the Accident and Emergency Departments of area hospitals. A total of 9% of the calls were cancelled before transportation arrived; another 20% of victims could not be found when authorities arrived on-scene, and 36% of patients refused transport to the hospital. The cancellation rate is significantly higher in the evening and at night, as well as in summer and autumn. The major burden is imposed on the municipality of Athens (67% of all calls).Conclusions:Drug abuse-related calls represent a significant load for emergency medical services in metropolitan Athens. However, a relatively small percentage of the drug addicts finally are transported to the hospital. Appropriately equipped motorcycles seem to be an effective means for the prehospital management of drug-abuse cases.

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Kopelman, Todd, Diane L. Huber, Robin Kopelman, Mary Vaughan Sarrazin, and James A. Hall. "Client Satisfaction With Rural Substance Abuse Case Management Services." Care Management Journals 7, no. 4 (December 2006): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/cmj-v7i4a003.

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Although many substance abuse organizations offer case management services, little is known about clients’ satisfaction as consumers of case management services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate consumer preferences regarding the delivery of case management services in a rural substance abuse treatment program. For this study, 120 clients (30 in each of four research conditions) were interviewed about their experiences in the Iowa Case Management Project (ICMP), a field-based clinical trial evaluating a strengths-based model of case management for rural clients in drug abuse treatment. A mixed-method approach evaluated clients’ responses from a semistructured interview. Most clients preferred meeting with their case manager in their own home. Clients also stated that they preferred specific characteristics of case management services—namely, convenience, privacy, comfort, and accessibility. Finally, clients wanted more time with their case managers over time. Although clients in drug treatment are not often considered as consumers, we found that client satisfaction with case management services could be studied and that clients appreciated being asked about their experiences. By targeting perceived and actual barriers to meeting with case managers (e.g., availability of transportation), service utilization by clients may be increased along with overall satisfaction.

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Brown, Lawrence S., Steven Kritz, R. Jeffrey Goldsmith, Edmund J. Bini, Jim Robinson, Donald Alderson, and John Rotrosen. "Health Services for HIV/AIDS, HCV, and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs." Public Health Reports 122, no. 4 (July 2007): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490712200404.

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The National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network conducted this study to determine the availability of and factors associated with infection-related health services in substance abuse treatment settings. In a cross-sectional descriptive design, state policies, reimbursement for providers, state level of priority, and treatment program characteristics were studied via written surveys of administrators of substance abuse treatment programs and of state health and substance abuse departments. Data from health departments and substance abuse agencies of 48 states and from 269 substance abuse treatment programs revealed that human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related services are more frequent than hepatitis C virus or sexually transmitted infection-related services, and that nonmedical services are more frequent than medical services. While the availability of infection-related health services is associated with medical staffing patterns, addiction pharmacotherapy services, and state priorities, reimbursement was the most significant determining factor. These findings suggest that greater funding of these health services in substance abuse treatment settings, facilitated by supportive state policies, represents an effective response to the excess morbidity and mortality of these substance use-related infections.

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Chan, Monica, James L. Sorensen, Joseph Guydish, Barbara Tajima, and Alfonso Acampora. "Client Satisfaction with Drug Abuse Day Treatment versus Residential Care." Journal of Drug Issues 27, no. 2 (April 1997): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269702700211.

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We compared overall treatment satisfaction and helpfulness of treatment components for 216 clients randomly assigned to day versus residential treatment. Baseline interviews were conducted near admission using the Addiction Severity Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Symptom Check-list-90-R, and a social support measure. Follow-up interviews occurred 6 months later with these instruments plus a client satisfaction measure. Clients in both day and residential treatment were highly satisfied with overall services and most treatment components. Satisfaction scores were high and did not differ between modalities; however, mental health services were less helpful to day treatment clients, and more day treatment clients indicated not receiving certain treatment components. Client satisfaction correlated with treatment retention and several baseline and 6-month severity outcomes. These findings indicate day treatment may be as satisfying to clients as residential treatment, and give credence to the idea that client satisfaction assessment should be routine in outcome evaluations of drug abuse treatment.

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Skutle, Arvid. "Treatment and prevention of alcohol and drug abuse: Coordination of professional services." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 76, S337 (November 1987): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb07762.x.

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Fiorentine, Robert. "Beyond Equity in the Delivery of Alcohol and Drug Abuse Treatment Services." Journal of Drug Issues 23, no. 4 (October 1993): 559–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269302300401.

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Equity in service utilization has become an important policy goal of federally-, state-, and locally-funded alcohol and drug treatment programs. A number of conceptual and methodological issues surrounding equity, including its strengths and limitations as a policy goal, are addressed. Among the many issues discussed is the observation that inequity in service utilization carries evaluative connotations in that a service system is likely to be judged as unsatisfactory, inadequate, or inappropriate when the inequity is modest, and as morally reprehensible when the inequity is significant. Violation of the norm of equity is a prescription for institutional reform and political action. On the other hand, policies that would increase the equity in service utilization may be incompatible with the goal of “service on demand” and they may have no consequent effect of increasing service efficacy. Moreover, there are some arrangements in which maintaining or even increasing inequity would be cost-effective. Other methodological, conceptual and policy-related issues are addressed.

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Strunce, Joseph, Stephen Spoonemore, Joseph Golding, Tarri Randall, Michael Krok, Steven Lee, Daniel Bordt, Wendy Walker-Ferrell, and Douglas Cordel. "Physical rehabilitation therapists’ perspective of the opioid crisis with evidence-based recommendations." Pain Management 9, no. 5 (September 2019): 483–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pmt-2019-0018.

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In 2017, the Secretary of Health and Human Services and Office of the Surgeon General declared the opioid crisis of our nation to be a public health emergency. In response to the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health and Office of the Surgeon General’s ‘Call to Action’, the Therapist category of the US Public Health Service commissioned a nine-member task force consisting of pain science subject matter experts to study the Therapists’ role in effectively reducing chronic pain and opioid abuse. This article addresses the opioid epidemic, how patients with chronic pain have been managed inappropriately, and five key, evidence-based recommendations from this task force.

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Hall, James A., Mary S. Vaughan, Thomas Vaughn, Robert Block, and Arthur Schut. "Iowa Case Management for Rural Drug Abuse: Preliminary Results." Care Management Journals 1, no. 4 (January 1999): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.1.4.232.

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The Iowa Case Management Project (ICMP) was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive, solution-focused model of case management with rural clients in drug abuse treatment. For this preliminary report, 483 clients who were admitted to residential or outpatient treatment at a local facility volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to one of four research conditions. Clients in three of the conditions received Iowa Case Management (ICM), while clients in the fourth condition received standard treatment services and served as the control group. Clients were assessed regarding psychosocial characteristics at intake and three additional times during the subsequent 12 months.

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El-Bassel, Nabila, Robert F. Schilling, Steven Schinke, Mario Orlandi, Wei-Huei Sun, and Sara Back. "Assessing the Utility of the Drug Abuse Screening Test in the Workplace." Research on Social Work Practice 7, no. 1 (January 1997): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104973159700700106.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the utility and assess the psychometric properties of the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) in a sample of persons receiving services from an employee assistance program (EAP). Study participants (N = 176) were union members, including identified drug users and nonusers. As in other studies, the DAST was found to have a high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and item-total scale correlation. Also consistent with previous reports, factor analysis identified 5 factors. The multifactor solution of the DAST underscores the importance of measuring and assessing substance use along a continuum of early recognition to its more advanced stages. DAST scores were correlated with family, financial status, job performance, mental health problems, and alcohol abuse. Study findings lend support to the DAST as a practical screening tool for use by human resource workers who provide services for substance-using individuals who are receiving services in an EAP setting.

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Melanson, Stacy E. F., Leland Baskin, Barbarajean Magnani, Tai C. Kwong, Annabel Dizon, and Alan H. B. Wu. "Interpretation and Utility of Drug of Abuse Immunoassays: Lessons From Laboratory Drug Testing Surveys." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 134, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/134.5.735.

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Abstract Context.—To assist with patient diagnosis and management, physicians from pain services, drug treatment programs, and the emergency department frequently request that urine be tested for drugs of abuse. However, urine immunoassays for drugs of abuse have limitations. Objective.—To use data from the College of American Pathologists Proficiency Testing Surveys to determine and summarize the characteristics, performance, and limitations of urine immunoassays for drugs of abuse. Design.—Six years of urine drug testing proficiency surveys were reviewed. Results.—Lysergic acid diethylamide and methaqualone are infrequently prescribed or abused and, therefore, testing may be unnecessary. However, implementation of more specific testing for methylenedioxymethamphetamine and oxycodone may be warranted. Each drug of abuse immunoassay exhibits a different cross-reactivity profile. Depending on the cross-reactivity profile, patients with clinically insignificant concentrations of drugs may have false-positive results, and patients with clinically significant concentrations of drugs may have false-negative results. Conclusions.—Laboratory directors should be aware of the characteristics of their laboratories' assays and should communicate these characteristics to physicians so that qualitative results can be interpreted more accurately. Furthermore, manufacturer's claims should be interpreted with caution and should be verified in each organization's patient population, if possible.

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Bukoski, William J. "Drug Abuse Prevention Funding Resulting from the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981." Journal of Drug Education 16, no. 1 (March 1986): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xuww-yvua-urjb-ppkn.

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In 1981, administration and planning of drug abuse prevention and treatment programs shifted from federal to state authorities through the enactment of the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Services Block Grant. This article reviews the funding status of drug prevention under this programmatic change relevant to prevention service programs and prevention research.

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Sindelar, Jody L., and Todd A. Olmstead. "Managed Care's Dual Impact on Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment: Methadone Maintenance vs. Drug Free." Journal of Drug Issues 35, no. 3 (July 2005): 507–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204260503500305.

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The number and type of services offered at substance abuse treatment (SAT) facilities are important aspects of the quality of care. Managed care (MC) is a growing presence in SAT and has been shown to affect the provision of treatment. We expand on earlier work and examine the impact of managed care on the number and type of services offered by methadone maintenance (MM) and drug-free (DF) outpatient treatment facilities. We use the econometric technique of instrumental variables to address the issue of endogeneity of MC and service offerings, thereby allowing a causal interpretation of results. Using data from the 2000 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services, we find that MC significantly increases the total number of services offered in MM outpatient facilities by four, yet decreases the number by two in DF outpatient facilities. We also show how the impact on specific services differs by modality and provide explanations for our findings.

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