Academic literature on the topic 'Offset printing ; Lithography – Technique ; Ink'
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Journal articles on the topic "Offset printing ; Lithography – Technique ; Ink"
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Kapović, Dominik, Mirela Rožić, Marina Vukoje, and Branka Lozo. "Ink tack stability readings of the offset thermochromic inks." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2018-0064.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyse the tack stability measurement readings of thermochromic offset inks. For this purpose, three reversible leuco-dye formed thermochromic inks were used to evaluate their tack. The used inks differ in their activation temperature, colour, drying mechanism, viscosity and chemical content. Thermochromic offset inks differ from conventional inks in formulation and size of colourants due to the presence of the microcapsules. Design/methodology/approach Printing inks in offset lithography must have sufficient tack so they can be transported from a reservoir onto the substrate. The ink transfer takes place through the ink splitting by inking rollers, printing plate and blanket transport. An IGT Tackoscope device was used to produce the dynamic readings of ink tack as a function of distribution and splitting time. The data can be used for prediction of the ink press stability under controlled settings, such as temperature. Findings This research explains the temperature and velocity influence on the tack stability measurement readings of thermochromic inks. It also gives an insight of the chemical compounds that dictate the tack measuring reading results. Originality/value Development of new printing inks, such as thermochromic printing inks, may affect the printing of different products. The research was conducted due to a lack of available data for the tack of thermochromic inks.
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Cigula, Tomislav, Tamara Tomašegović, and Tomislav Hudika. "Effect of the paper surface properties on the ink transfer parameters in offset printing." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 34, no. 4 (November 18, 2019): 540–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0018.
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Abstract Paper has a crucial impact on the qualitative properties of printed product as properties of the paper’s surface directly impact the ink transfer, consequently, basic optical properties of the print. Although same ISO paper type, papers possess variable surface properties leading to different influence on the ink transfer. The aim of this research was to analyse influence of the surface properties of the paper, including surface free energy, smoothness and gloss of some standard papers used in lithography on the ink transfer while matching the colorimetric values defined by ISO 12647-2:2013. Determination of amount of the ink transfer, optical density, mottling and colour difference of prints were performed to evaluate paper-ink interactions. Results have shown that produced prints differ in the investigated properties. Furthermore, there are significant correlations between the surface free energy of the paper and paper smoothness and the ink transfer. In addition, amount of ink used to produce a standardized print varies for different paper types (even in the same ISO paper classification), meaning difference in ink costs. This research proved the high influence of paper’s certain parameters on the ink transfer by strong correlation coefficients. This enables better process control and optimization of the printing.
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Xu, Wen Cai, Yin Yang, and Jia Yue Sun. "Study on Preparation and Properties of Fluorescent Offset Printing Ink." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.393.
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The ultraviolet (UV) fluorescent anti-counterfeiting offset printing ink, which can emit visible light (400-800 nm) under the excitation of ultraviolet light (200-400 nm), has been extensively adopted in the modern printing technology. In this paper, we used the red-emitting phosphor BaCaBO3F: Eu3+, Li+ as the fluorescent pigment for printing ink and investigated the influence on additive amount of the luminescence properties of fluorescent ink in order to determine a more ideal ratio of fluorescent ink .Besides, the shear viscosity, thixotropy, visco-elasticity and the temperature dependence of viscosity according to the rheology theory and rheological technique were also studied, and finally the valuable parameters and patterns were successfully obtained.
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Ataeefard, Maryam, and Fereshteh Mirjalili. "Using mechanical technique for preparing antibacterial offset lithography ink with ZnO nanoparticles." Composites Part B: Engineering 51 (August 2013): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.03.001.
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Jin, Jiao, Huihui Ren, and Zhaoyue Liu. "Large-Area Patterning of Oil-Based Inks on Superhydrophobic TiO2 Nanotubular Layers by Photocatalytic Wettability Conversion." Catalysts 10, no. 10 (October 17, 2020): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10101203.
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Patterning an oil-based ink on a solid surface based on a wettability difference is of significant importance for the application of offset printing. Herein, we describe a large-area patterning of oil-based ink on a self-organized TiO2 nanotubular layer based on a photocatalytic wettability conversion. The TiO2 nanotubular layer was fabricated by electrochemical anodization, which demonstrated a superhydrophobic wettability after modification with a self-assembled molecular layer. Subsequently, area-selective ultraviolet (UV) irradiation through a pre-designed pattern of water-based UV-resistant ink formed by an ink-jet technique was used to form a wettability difference. After removing the water-based ink, an oil-based ink was capable of depositing selectively on the superhydrophobic area to form the same pattern as the pre-designed pattern of water-based ink. This large-area patterning of an oil-based ink based on the photocatalytic wettability conversion is potentially applicable in offset printing.
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Grilj, Silva, Tadeja Muck, and Diana Gregor-Svetec. "PRINTING. The ageing resistance of offset and electrophotographic prints." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 27, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2012-27-04-p739-749.
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Abstract The moist heat (80°C and 65% relative humidity) and light (xenon arc lamp) treatments of accelerated ageing were applied to investigate the colour stability of offset and electrophotographic prints on papers made of virgin and I 00% recycled fibres. The prints were evaluated using spectrophotometric measurements and additional colour differences calculations. In addition to the colour differences, the 2D and 3D colour gamuts are presented. The results reveal the different colour stability of prints. The effect depends on the type of accelerated ageing, printing technique, composition of ink and paper characteristics. Moist heat ageing has less influence on colour stability than light ageing. The electrophotographic prints show better ageing resistance than offset prints. The intluence of ink on print light fastness is considerable. Azo pigments in magenta and yellow have lower light fastness than phthalocyanine pigments in cyan or carbon black. The surface coating has an intluence on light fastness of prints. Meanwhile, prints on recycled papers show similar colour stability compared to prints on papers made of virgin fibres
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Xu, Yan Fang, Gui Ping Jiang, Li Li Wang, and Hao Xue Liu. "Study on Color Simulating between Offset Printing and Digital Printing." Advanced Materials Research 174 (December 2010): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.174.235.
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Color output capability and output accuracy of digital printing machine used for simulating the offset printing were analyzed. A digital machine, HpIndigo 1050, was used in this study. The colorimetric values of its primaries, cyan, magenta, yellow and black, were not the same as that primaries used in the offset printing, and the differences between them could not be removed by adjusting the maximal output ink level. The HpIndigo’s color gamut, consequently, could not completely meet the offset print requirement, typically presenting the absence of some colors equal to or close to the offset’s color gamut. So, color management technique was accepted in our experiment, and the offset’s CMYK values were translated into the digital machine’s CMYK values with the relative intent color simulation through these two machine’s profiles. The results showed that the color output accuracy within the offset color gamut was raised on the whole, and the big color differences only happened on these colors outside the digital machine’s gamut. Numerically, for 928 colors in IT8.7/3 chart, the CIELAB average/maximal color differences dropped from 4.98/13.90 to 3.13/13.13 respectively corresponding to the cases before and after color management accepting. Specially, for gray colors, the average/maximal color differences changed from 4.91/5.59 to 0.92/2.00, improving the gray balance dramatically.
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Thorman, Sofia, Göran Ström, and Patrick A. C. Gane. "Impact of non-uniform water absorption on water-interference print mottle in offset printing." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 33, no. 1 (May 23, 2018): 150–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2018-3011.
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Abstract Print mottle is a serious and yet common print defect in offset printing. An imbalance between the feed of fountain solution and the ability of the paper substrate to absorb and transport this water away from the surface can cause moisture/water interference problems. In the study presented here, we have investigated the uniformity of aqueous absorption and coating structure of pilot-coated papers with different types and dosages of dispersants and linked this to print mottle and uncovered areas (UCA). In earlier studies, the print quality of these papers indicated that a moderate addition of excess dispersant caused ink refusal, ink-lift-off (ink-surface adhesion failure) and water-interference mottle when printing at elevated fountain feed. In the present study, we have shown that a majority of the samples with uneven water/moisture absorption and an uneven burn-out reflectance tended to have more severe printing problems related to surface-moisture/water.An aqueous staining technique was used to characterise the absorption non-uniformities. This method has been developed previously with focus on absorption of flexographic water-based inks but can clearly give relevant information also for offset printing, when it comes to moisture/water interference mottle.
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Khalilov, I., E. Aliyev, and E. Huseynzade. "THE PHENOMENON OF INK DUSTING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE SURFACE ROUGHNESS OFFSET PRINTING PLATE." Labour protection problems in Ukraine 37, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36804/nndipbop.37-2.2021.16-24.
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The paper investigates the influence of the mechanics of a friction printing pair on ink dusting in the printing process, taking into account the surface roughness of the printing plate. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the deformation of the deckle, as well as on the value of the total force in the area of the printed contact, the relative gear ratio and the relative speed of sliding of the deckle along the surface of the cylinder, which directly affects the dusting of the ink. It was found that when studying the mechanics of a printed pair, the influence of the microgeometry of the contacting surfaces on the parameters under study was not taken into account. The influence of microprotrusions of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the deformation of the deckle in the area of the printed contact has been substantiated and established. To determine the introduction of surface roughness irregularities, a discrete roughness model is used, presented as a set of identical spherical segments. To determine the influence of the surface roughness of the printing plate on the friction force arising in the contact zone, a calculation scheme is proposed that differs from analogs. A method is developed for calculating the parameters of a friction pair in the printing process, taking into account the roughness. Expressions are obtained for determining the total moment of tangential friction forces in the sliding sections when spherical irregularities are introduced. According to the proposed technique, the corresponding graphical dependences of the gear ratio on different parameters of the friction printed pair are shown. The advantages of this study in comparison with analogs are that at certain values of the parameters of the friction pair, taking into account the surface roughness of the printing plate, also at known values of the mechanical characteristics and thickness of the deckle, it is possible to determine the change in the length of the deckle of a given composition, which is necessary in the printing process. The proposed calculation method, which is carried out without taking into account the pressure in the printed contact zone, allows predicting the quality of printed impressions and the amount of ink involved in the formation of ink dusting, as well as correctly adjusting the printing press before the printing process.
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Jaywant, Swapna A., and Khalid Mahmood Arif. "Study of parameters affecting microcontact printing of thiols on gold-coated substrate." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 01n03 (November 12, 2019): 2040040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220400408.
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Microcontact printing ([Formula: see text]CP) is a type of soft-lithography technique, which is widely used for patterning self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). It is a convenient method to form SAMs of bio/chemical ink onto different surfaces such as polymers, palladium, silver and gold. A wide range of applications of this technology includes micromachining, patterning proteins, cells or DNA in biosensors. However, the application primarily depends on the type of the ink used. Here, we present an experimental study that provides information about the parameters that affect the [Formula: see text]CP process. Two different thiol inks (dithiothreitol (DTT) and glutathione (GSH)) have been used for obtaining SAMs on gold-coated substrates. Our findings suggest that transferring the alkanethiols over the gold surface is extremely dependent upon the molecular weight of thiol compound, concentration of the thiol solution and pH value of the buffer used. Furthermore, higher the molecular weight, concentration and pH value of the ink, lower is the time required for the process of [Formula: see text]CP.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Offset printing ; Lithography – Technique ; Ink"
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Vlachopoulos, Georgios. "Phenomena affecting ink transfer in offset lithographic printing." Thesis, Swansea University, 2010. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42395.
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The ink transfer mechanisms in the offset lithographic printing process is consisted by a complex inking roller train which a series of alternately rigid and deformable rollers, are used to precondition and deliver the printing fluid from the ink and fount reservoirs to the image carrier. The lithographic printing inks are complex formulated non-Newtonian fluids with high viscoelastic rheological profile and thixotropic behaviour. A set of ink dilutions was produced based on coldset lithographic printing ink diluted in concentration with Butyl-Diglycol. The rheological profile of the produced inks was examined by detailed rheological characterisation with particular interest on viscosity on tack, thixotropy, viscoelasticity, surface tension, extension and shear viscosity. Further examination established the relationships between shear viscosity and tack focusing on a printing nip between a rigid and elastic roller. A decrease in tack was found to be associated with a decrease in shear and the apparent extension viscosity. Developed imprinting and photographic techniques used to capture and characterise the fundamental phenomena of ribbing and misting associated with ink film splitting at the rollers nip in offset printing. Such techniques used to capture the dynamic profile of those mechanisms on a closed loop distribution system by using a tack meter. The detailed profile of those phenomena was characterised with particular interest on the relationship with the fluids rheological profile and the Capillary number. Extension rheometer was also used to analyse the mechanisms of ribbing and misting phenomena by experimental simulation of a printing nip. A factorial experiment was undertaken based on LI8 Orthogonal Array techniques. The parameters of rollers ratio, ink film thickness, temperature, distribution speed, distribution time and inks viscosity were found to have an influence on misting and ribbing phenomena. Results and analysis established responses and interactions between the process parameters but also between ribbing and misting as essential phenomena with the ink transfer mechanisms in lithographic printing process.
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Dailey, David Gordon. "A study of the effect of ink viscosity on dot gain in offset lithography /." Online version of thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10319.
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Calkins, Celeste M. "Green printing technologies vs. traditional printing technologies in sheet-fed offset lithography : an experiment in quality." 2010. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1604323.
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This experimental study compares green printing technologies (ink and stock) to traditional printing technologies (ink and stock) regarding how they compare in quality. The quality was measured using the print characteristics of gray balance and dot gain. A comparison of the two independent variables (ink and stock) was conducted to determine if a difference exists for the selected characteristics. It has been suggested that the green technologies, despite being more environmentally friendly, are not as high in quality and therefore result in a lower quality printed piece. This research used a four-color test form that was printed using both the green and traditional technologies. The characteristics were measured using an X-rite 528 spectrodensitometer, after which the data were analyzed and conclusions reported. The results of the study suggest that there is no practical significance between the different inks and stocks employed in this study. It was determined however that the best print quality in terms of dot gain (meaning the least amount of dot gain) resulted from the combination of green technologies (ink and paper).Department of Technology
Conference papers on the topic "Offset printing ; Lithography – Technique ; Ink"
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Mustač, Sandra, Igor Majnarić, Stanko Bauk, and Slaven Miloš. "Colour quality testing of CYAN offset prints depending on pigment concentration and different CTP screening mode." In 10th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design,, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2020-p47.
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One of the problems in the offset printing technique is the picking of uncoated paper, which occurs due to the activity of pressure cylinder and sticky offset inks. To reduce offset ink stickiness, it is possible to add cheaper ink filler that will indirectly reduce the concentration of pigment. However, there is also a reduction in the colour tones and quality of reproduction. In this experiment we used: standard cyan offset ink (Sun Lit Express ink which consists of phthalocyanine based pigment) and high-quality gloss coated cardboard (250 g/m2 Euroart plus gloss). This paper aims to show how the CTP screening type (AM/FM mode) and the CTP line screening (80, 100, 120 line/cm and 10 μm, 20 μm 25 μm diameter of print elements) manifest on the reproduction quality of a standard gradation wedge. This research will create the possibility of correlating the factors of user reduction of pigment concentration and reproduction quality of cyan colour separation. By using the AM screenings and adding different concentrations of ink filler, more stable cyan prints are achieved.
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Lall, Pradeep, Kartik Goyal, Nakul Kothari, Ben Leever, and Scott Miller. "Effect of Process Parameters on Aerosol Jet Printing of Multi-Layer Circuitry." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6574.
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Abstract Printing technologies such as Aerosol Jet provides the freedom of miniaturizing interconnects and producing fine pitch components. Aerosol Jet, a direct printing technique replaces the traditional steps of manufacturing a printed circuit board such as lithography or etching, which are quite expensive, and further allowing the circuits to be fabricated onto all kinds of substrates. Wide impact areas range from healthcare to wearables to future automotive applications. The aerosol jet printer from Optomec utilized in this study, consists of two types of atomizers depending on ink viscosity. One is Ultrasonic Atomizer which supports ink with viscosity range of 1–5cP, and another is Pneumatic Atomizer with large range of suitable viscosity 1–1000cP. This paper focuses on utilizing the aerosol jet printing using both the atomizers to develop process parameters to be able to successfully print bi-material, multi-layer circuitry. The insulating material between two conductive lines used in the paper is of very high viscosity of 350cP, suitable for Pneumatic atomizer and Silver Nano-particle ink with the viscosity suitable for Ultrasonic atomizer as a conductive ink. A statistical modeling approach is presented to predict the attributes such as micro-via diameter before starting the print process, enabling us to pre-adjust the dimensions in CAD for the desired output. Process parameters to obtain a fine print with good electrical properties and better dimensional accuracy are developed. Importance of pre-cleaning the substrate is discussed, in addition to the printing process efficiency gauged as a function of process capability index and process capability ratio.
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Vijay, Yadunund, Naresh D. Sanandiya, Stylianos Dritsas, and Javier G. Fernandez. "Control of Process Settings for Large-Scale Additive Manufacturing With Sustainable Natural Composites." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85994.
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We present an additive manufacturing system for 3D printing large-scale objects using natural bio-composite materials. The process, affine to the Direct Ink Writing method, achieves build rate of 2.5cm3/s using a precision dispensing unit mounted on an industrial six-axis robot. During deposition the composite is wet and exhibits thixotropy. As it loses moisture it hardens and shrinks anisotropically. This paper highlights work on controlling the process settings to print filaments of desired dimensions while constraining the operating point to a region where tensile strength is maximum while shrinkage is minimum. Response surface models relating the controllable process settings such as Robot Linear Velocity, Material Feed Rate and Nozzle Offset, to the geometric and physical properties of an extruded filament, are obtained through Face-centered Central Composite Designed experiments. Unlike traditional applications of this technique which involve identifying a fixed optimal operating point, we use these models to first uncover the possible dimensions of a filament that can be obtained within operating boundaries of our system. Process setting predictions are then made through multi-objective optimization of the mathematical models. An interesting outcome of our study is the ability to produce filaments of different shrinkage and tensile strength properties, by solely changing process settings. As a follow up, we identify the optimal lateral overlap and inter-layer spacing parameters to define toolpaths to print 3D structures. If unoptimized, the material’s anisotropic shrinkage and non-linear compression characteristics cause severe delamination, cross-sectional tapering and warpage. Lastly, we show the linear scalability of our shrinkage model in 3D space which allows us to suitably compensate toolpaths to significantly improve dimensional accuracy of 3D printed artifacts.