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Journal articles on the topic 'Offsetting efficiency'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gössling, Stefan, John Broderick, Paul Upham, et al. "Voluntary Carbon Offsetting Schemes for Aviation: Efficiency, Credibility and Sustainable Tourism." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 15, no. 3 (2007): 223–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/jost758.0.

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2

Dixit, Avinash, and John Londregan. "Redistributive Politics and Economic Efficiency." American Political Science Review 89, no. 4 (1995): 856–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2082513.

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The political process often compensates the losers from technical change or international competition in an economically inefficient way, namely by subsidizing or protecting declining industries instead of encouraging the movement of resources to other more productive uses. We find that a dynamic inconsistency in the game of redistributive politics contributes to this outcome. To achieve economically efficient outcomes, it is necessary that those making economically inefficient choices not be given offsetting transfers. But the political process distributes income on the basis of political cha

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3

Anyaduba, Tochukwu Dubem, and Jesus Rodriguez-Manzano. "Offsetting Dense Particle Sedimentation in Microfluidic Systems." Micromachines 15, no. 9 (2024): 1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15091063.

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Sedimentation is an undesirable phenomenon that complicates the design of microsystems that exploit dense microparticles as delivery tools, especially in biotechnological applications. It often informs the integration of continuous mixing modules, consequently impacting the system footprint, cost, and complexity. The impact of sedimentation is significantly worse in systems designed with the intent of particle metering or binary encapsulation in droplets. Circumventing this problem involves the unsatisfactory adoption of gel microparticles as an alternative. This paper presents two solutions—a

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Murova, Olga I., Michael A. Trueblood, and Keith H. Coble. "Measurement and Explanation of Technical Efficiency Performance in Ukrainian Agriculture, 1991–1996." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 36, no. 1 (2004): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800021945.

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The present study examines technical efficiency patterns in Ukraine's crop sector for 1991-1996. The economic and policy environment in Ukraine has changed since reform began in 1991. Many policy changes have exerted offsetting economic pressures on efficiency. Enterprise privatization and the liberalization of prices and trade put upward pressure on technical efficiency, whereas start-stop land privatization efforts, unpredictable government intervention, and slow developments in the credit and labor markets put downward pressure on efficiency. We found that technical efficiency appears to ha

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5

Berger, David, Kyle Herkenhoff, and Simon Mongey. "Minimum Wages, Efficiency, and Welfare." Econometrica 93, no. 1 (2025): 265–301. https://doi.org/10.3982/ecta21466.

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Many argue that minimum wages can prevent efficiency losses from monopsony power. We assess this argument in a general equilibrium model of oligopsonistic labor markets with heterogeneous workers and firms. We decompose welfare gains into an efficiency component that captures reductions in monopsony power and a redistributive component that captures the way minimum wages shift resources across people. The minimum wage that maximizes the efficiency component of welfare lies below $8.00 and yields gains worth less than 0.2% of lifetime consumption. When we add back in Utilitarian redistributive

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Yu, Yikang, and Jian Xie. "Offsetting Initial Lithium Loss By Pre-Forming SEI Layer on Graphite Surface." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (2022): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012394mtgabs.

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The irreversible lithium loss due to the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the initial cycle greatly reduced the overall cell energy density of lithium ion batteries. Cathode prelithiation methods have been widely explored to compensate this lithium loss. However, these cathode additives with high lithium contents inevitable lower the active cathode materials loading. Here we report a facile graphite prelithiation method by pre-forming SEI layers on graphite surface (Pre-SEI graphite) in a flow cell. The Li accommodation in graphite anode could be controlled by the operation o

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Akhtaruzzaman, Md, Ashraful Islam, Mohammad Rezaul Karim, A. K. Mahmud Hasan, and Liyuan Han. "Improving the Spectral Response of Black Dye by Cosensitization with a Simple Indoline Based Dye in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/910527.

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Indoline dyeD-1was successfully applied as a cosensitizer for improving the spectral response of black dye in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). It was observed thatD-1effectively increases the short-circuit photocurrent by offsetting the competitive light absorption byI/I3-electrolyte in the wavelength region 350–500 nm when adsorbed on the TiO2nanocrystaline films in a mix dye system. The DSCs containing theD-1and black dye achieved a power conversion efficiency of 9.80% with higher short-circuit photocurrent of 19.54 mA/cm2compared to the system of black dye without cosensitization under st

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Buettner, Stefan M., Josefine Döpp, Liane Strauch, Marina Gilles, Werner König, and Anna-Lena Klingler. "Increasing the Voltage—Sequencing Decarbonisation with Green Power and Efficiency." Energies 18, no. 11 (2025): 2752. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112752.

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The industrial sector’s increasing electricity demand (direct and indirect), driven by the electrification of processes and the production of green hydrogen, poses significant challenges for achieving decarbonisation goals. While switching to renewable electricity and offsetting emissions appears straightforward, the gap between current generation capacities and projected demand remains substantial. This article analyses survey data from the Energy Efficiency Index of German Industry (EEI), revealing that manufacturing companies aim to reduce 22.1% of their 2019 emissions by 2025 and 27.3% by

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9

Anderson, Brilé, and Thomas Bernauer. "How much carbon offsetting and where? Implications of efficiency, effectiveness, and ethicality considerations for public opinion formation." Energy Policy 94 (July 2016): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.04.016.

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10

Affleck, David L. R. "On the efficiency of line intersect distance sampling." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 40, no. 6 (2010): 1086–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x10-063.

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Sampling strategies commonly used for coarse woody debris (CWD) inventories, including line intersect sampling (LIS), typically require large sample sizes to estimate aggregate volume with reasonable precision. Line intersect distance sampling (LIDS) is a recently developed strategy based on a probability proportional-to-volume design and a linear sampling unit. In principle, the design augments the precision of volume estimators by increasing the intensity with which bulkier particles are sampled, while the transect-based protocol facilitates the search for qualifying particles. This study re

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Zhang, Yuhua, Xuejiao Li, Chun Man Chan, et al. "Carbon reduction performance and economic analysis in building construction - a pilot trial of low-carbon construction in the O•PARK2 construction phase." HKIE Transactions 30, no. 2 (2023): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33430/v30n2thie-2022-0066.

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With the wide application of green building standards to reduce the carbon emissions from the operation phase, the carbon emissions during the construction phase are becoming more and more significant. Carbon footprint management is necessary and low-carbon measures, including low-carbon construction materials, construction site electrification, on-site renewable energy systems, and low-carbon alternative fuels should be considered. Taking a real case of a Design-Build-Operate project, O•PARK2, as a pilot trial, this study investigates the carbon reduction efficiency and cost increment of vari

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Mosquim, Rafael Fernandes, and Carlos Eduardo Keutenedjian Mady. "Performance and Efficiency Trade-Offs in Brazilian Passenger Vehicle Fleet." Energies 15, no. 15 (2022): 5416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155416.

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The rate of technological progress is an important metric used for predicting the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of future light-duty fleets. A trade-off between efficiency and performance is essential due to its implications on fuel consumption and efficiency improvement. These values are not directly available in the Brazilian fleet. Hence, this is the main gap in knowledge that has to be overcome. Tendencies in all relevant parameters were also unknown, and we have traced them as well, established on several publications data and models. We estimate the three indicators men

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Gonçalves, Luís Carlos, Pedro Sebastião, Nuno Souto, and Américo Correia. "One Step Greener: Reducing 5G and Beyond Networks’ Carbon Footprint by 2-Tiering Energy Efficiency with CO2 Offsetting." Electronics 9, no. 3 (2020): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9030464.

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Fifth generation (5G) and Beyond-5G (B5G) will be characterized by highly dense deployments, both on network plane and user plane. Internet of Things, massive sensor deployments and base stations will drive even more energy consumption. User behavior towards mobile service usage is witnessing a paradigm shift with heavy capacity, demanding services resulting in an increase of both screen time and data transfers, which leads to additional power consumption. Mobile network operators will face additional energetic challenges, mainly related to power consumption and network sustainability, startin

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Frol’kis, V. A., and I. L. Karol’. "Simulation of the effect of stratospheric aerosol dimming parameters on the efficiency of offsetting global greenhouse climate warming." Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 24, no. 1 (2011): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1024856011010064.

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15

Li, Ming Zhu, Zhang Ping Lu, Chun Fa Sha, and Li Qing Huang. "Trajectory Generation of Spray Painting Robot Using Point Cloud Slicing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1290.

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In the trajectory planning process of spray painting robot, an approach to automatic trajectory generation of spray gun using point cloud slicing is presented. Firstly, the point cloud data is obtained by scanning the surface of the workpiece. After the uniform slicing of point cloud model, the spraying position is determined by the average sampling of cross-section contours. Then the normal vectors of the sampling points are estimated. Finally the trajectory of spray gun is generated by offsetting the sampling points along their normal vectors. Experimental results show that the method has go

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16

Ender, Manuela, and Ruyuan Zhang. "Efficiency of weather derivatives for Chinese agriculture industry." China Agricultural Economic Review 7, no. 1 (2015): 102–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-06-2013-0089.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of temperature-based weather derivatives (WD) in reducing risk exposure for Chinese agriculture industry. Therefore, a put option with cumulated growing degree days as its underlying index is assumed to be bought by farmers as a risk management instrument to prevent income fluctuations from adverse temperature conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The objective of this paper is to analyze the efficiency of temperature-based WD in reducing risk exposure for Chinese agriculture industry. Therefore, a put option with cumulated g

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17

Podolchak, Nazar, Volodymyr Martyniuk, Natalia Tsygylyk, Stanislaw Skowron, and Tomasz Wołowiec. "Mitigating Risks for Effective Personnel Management in the Organization of the Energy Sector due to the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (2022): 10055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610055.

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One of the three most important components of the effective work of an organization or enterprise in the energy sector is properly organized staff work. Thus, all the risks arising in this process should be given proper consideration. Conventional methods can hardly be of any assistance, which is why this paper proposes the innovative rapidly adaptive model for the evaluation of existing risks and the forecasting of emerging ones due to the COVID-19 pandemic in modern personnel management. The model employs a probability theory and applies it to four major risk groups, which are related to man

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18

Karapidakis, Emmanuel, Marios Nikologiannis, Marini Markaki, and Ioannis Grammatikakis. "Comparative Analysis of Financial Optimization Scenarios for PV and Battery Storage Integration at Heraklion Port." International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6 (October 9, 2024): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232027.2024.6.19.

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The rapid expansion of renewable energy, driven by reduced installation costs, technological advancements, and political support, necessitates efficient integration strategies. This study presents a comparative analysis of financial optimization scenarios for the integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems and battery storage at Heraklion Port. By evaluating multiple strategies, the research addresses the economic viability, cost-benefit ratios, and payback periods of different configurations. This analysis considers the broader context of increasing pressure on electricity grids and the need for

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19

Afedzi, Alfred Elikem Kwami, Getrude Shallom Afrakomah, Kwame Gyan, et al. "Enhancing Economic and Environmental Sustainability in Lignocellulosic Bioethanol Production: Key Factors, Innovative Technologies, Policy Frameworks, and Social Considerations." Sustainability 17, no. 2 (2025): 499. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020499.

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Lignocellulosic bioethanol is a promising renewable energy source that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy security. However, its commercialization faces significant economic and environmental challenges, including high feedstock costs, complex pretreatment processes, expensive enzyme formulations, and substantial energy and water requirements. This review examines the key factors affecting its viability, including feedstock costs, enzyme efficiency, co-product generation, greenhouse gas emissions, water use, energy efficiency, and land use impacts. Recent advancements in pr

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20

Cready, William M., and Abdullah Kumas. "Aggregate market attention around earnings announcements." Asian Review of Accounting 28, no. 4 (2020): 591–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ara-03-2018-0071.

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PurposeThis analysis is the first to explore the overall roles of the offsetting attraction and distraction influences of earnings news in shaping the level of attention given to the equity market by market participants.Design/methodology/approachWe use multivariate regression approach and examine how trading activity levels within the set of non-announcing firms varies with respect to collective measures of contemporaneous earnings announcement visibility. We employ attention and information transfer theories in our hypothesis development.FindingsThis analysis is the first to explore the over

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21

Sohngen, Brent. "Climate Change and Forests." Annual Review of Resource Economics 12, no. 1 (2020): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-110419-010208.

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Forests have become an important carbon sink in the last century, with management and carbon fertilization offsetting nearly all of the carbon emitted due to deforestation and conversion of land into agricultural uses. Society appears already to have decided that forests will play an equally ambitious role in the future. Given this, economists are needed to help better understand the efficiency of efforts society may undertake to expand forests, protect them from losses, manage them more intensively, or convert them into wood products, including biomass energy. A rich literature exists on this

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Ma, Xiaozhi, Hongping Yuan, and Wenbo Du. "Blockchain-Enabled Construction and Demolition Waste Management: Advancing Information Management for Enhanced Sustainability and Efficiency." Sustainability 16, no. 2 (2024): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020721.

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The construction industry is a significant contributor to global carbon emissions, primarily due to the generation of substantial construction and demolition waste. However, the current practices in construction and demolition waste management (CDWM) face various information management challenges that undermine their overall effectiveness. Correspondingly, this research proposes the integration of blockchain technology as a strategic solution to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of CDWM. Despite the potential of blockchain in revolutionizing CDWM, research in this area remains limited.

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23

Carlos, E. Rodriguez M. "RESHAPING AIRCRAFT SALES AND MANAGEMENT POST-PANDEMIC: BUSINESS AVIATION STRATEGIES FOR GROWTH AND EFFICIENCY." International Journal of Engineering Technology Research & Management (IJETRM) 07, no. 12 (2023): 351–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15500967.

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The global aviation industry experienced massive disruptions due to COVID-19 which caused a lot of new problemsfor commercial and business aviation. Since capacity with commercial airlines decreased, business aviation steppedin as an important alternative, offering more control, safety and convenience. Once the pandemic has ended,business aviation companies are making important changes in how they sell and manage aircraft.Benefiting from this transformation are more people flying, new tastes in aircraft ownership, and better technologyfor controlling planes. Because health and safety were top-

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Zwanziger, Jack, and Cathleen Mooney. "Has Competition Lowered Hospital Prices?" INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 42, no. 1 (2005): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5034/inquiryjrnl_42.1.73.

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On Jan. 1, 1997, New York ended its regulation of hospital prices with the intent of using competitive markets to control prices and increase efficiency. This paper uses data that come from annual reports filed by all health maintenance organizations (HMOs) operating in New York and include payments to and usage in the major hospitals in an HMO's network. We estimate the relationship between implied prices and hospital, plan, and market characteristics. The models show that after 1997, hospitals in more competitive markets paid less. Partially offsetting these price reductions were price incre

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Li, Xiang Jia, Ning Dai, Wen He Liao, Yu Chun Sun, and Yong Bo Wang. "A Fault-Tolerant Offset Algorithm for Measured Data with Defects." Advanced Materials Research 902 (February 2014): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.902.344.

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Offsetting of measured data, as a basic geometric operation, has already been widely used in many areas, like reverse engineering, rapid prototyping and NC machining. However, measured data always carry typical defects like caves and singular points. A fault-tolerant offset method is proposed to create the high quality offset surface of measured data with such defects. Firstly, we generated an expansion sphere model of measured data with the radius equivalent to the offset length. Secondly, using the computational geometry application of convex hull, we acquire the data of outermost enveloping

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Zhang, Yi, Jun Liu, Shuang Liang, Lin Chen, and Yili Chen. "Nonlinear Dynamic Response Characteristics of Deep-water Riserless Drilling-string System Under Combined Excitation of Platform Motion and Current." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 3 (2024): 281–309. https://doi.org/10.54097/27f8k681.

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The study develops a model for axial-lateral-torsional (ALT) bidirectional coupling nonlinear vibrations in riserless drill-strings, using energy and finite element methods. The model incorporates environmental factors such as platform motion, sea currents, and wave loads, as well as operational interactions including wellbore contact and the drill-rock interface. Validated with field test results and data from four wells in the South China Sea, the findings emphasize the importance of heave compensation devices in offsetting the effects of sea motions on drilling operations. The analyses indi

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Al-Sulaifanie, Adnan Ismail, Subir Biswas, and Bayez Khorsheed Al-Sulaifanie. "AH-MAC: Adaptive Hierarchical MAC Protocol for Low-Rate Wireless Sensor Network Applications." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8105954.

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This paper proposes an adaptive hierarchical MAC protocol (AH-MAC) with cross-layer optimization for low-rate and large-scale wireless sensor networks. The main goal of the proposed protocol is to combine the strengths of LEACH and IEEE 802.15.4 while offsetting their weaknesses. The predetermined cluster heads are supported with an energy harvesting circuit, while the normal nodes are battery-operated. To prolong the network’s operational lifetime, the proposed protocol transfers most of the network’s activities to the cluster heads while minimizing the node’s activity. Some of the main featu

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Tyzack, Daniel, and Luke Sullivan. "BP's evolution in the face of Australia's transforming fuel supply chain: ensuring business sustainability as well as security of supply for the nation's demands." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17203.

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BP has embraced the changing landscape of the fuel supply chain in Australia. Historically, fuel supply in Australia has been manufactured and supplied nationally. However, Australia’s future fuel supply will rely on a globalised supply chain in order to meet local needs. In response, BP has (among other initiatives) transformed its operations and maintenance approach to terminals and fuel distribution within Australia to guarantee a sustainable business model, offsetting the trend of high asset ownership costs and low efficiency. When it comes to terminal management, BP’s creation of Australi

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Schindler, Dirk. "Tuition Fees and the Dual Income Tax: The Optimality of the Nordic Income Tax System Reconsidered." German Economic Review 12, no. 1 (2011): 59–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2010.00504.x.

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Abstract We examine the optimal tax and education policy in the case of a dual income tax. Incorporating an educational sector and endogenous capital taxation, we show that the results in Nielsen and Sørensen’s study are vulnerable with respect to assumptions on the elasticity of unskilled labor supply. Tax progressivity results residually, whereas educational policy guarantees an optimal tax wedge on, but not necessarily efficiency in, educational investment. The less elastic are the unobservable educational investment and skilled labor (the latter relative to unskilled labor supply), and the

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Spiro, Peter S. "Overselling the Economic Efficiency Gains from Shifting the Tax Mix towards Consumption Taxes." Public Finance and Management 17, no. 3 (2017): 207–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397211701700302.

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It is frequently argued that it would be beneficial to move the tax mix towards greater reliance on consumption taxes, with offsetting reductions in income taxes. Proponents argue that this would increase the incentives to “work, save, and invest” and would help improve productivity growth. in Canada, policy experts have generally advocated shifting the tax mix towards consumption. However, on a number of occasions when such a choice was put to the electorate, this shift was rejected. In fact, when one looks at the empirical research on response elasticities, it suggests that the net positive

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Yancey, P. H., and M. B. Burg. "Counteracting effects of urea and betaine in mammalian cells in culture." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 258, no. 1 (1990): R198—R204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.1.r198.

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Urea and methylamines, such as betaine, are among the major organic osmotic effectors accumulated by organisms under hyperosmotic (high NaCl) stress; the mammalian renal medulla also accumulates such compounds in antidiuresis. Studies on isolated proteins show that urea generally destabilizes protein structure, whereas methylamines are generally stabilizers capable of offsetting the effects of urea. The counteracting-osmolytes hypothesis predicts that cells exposed to high urea concentrations require methylamines for optimal function. In this study, urea, betaine, and other solutes (NaCl, glyc

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Martinez, Pilar, and Maria Blanco. "Sensitivity of Agricultural Development to Water-Related Drivers: The Case of Andalusia (Spain)." Water 11, no. 9 (2019): 1854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11091854.

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Future agricultural development will be challenged by the impacts of climate change on water, which are expected to be particularly strong in southern European regions. Thus, exploring interrelations between agriculture and water under climate change is essential to frame informed policies that ensure sustainable water management while enhancing food production. Nevertheless, studies that address future agriculture development focus on climate-induced changes in crop productivity and often disregard the water dimension. In this research, we have conducted a sensitivity analysis of agricultural

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Yu, Lemin, Wenru Li, Changhui Zheng, and Xiaowen Lin. "Quantifying the Carbon Reduction Potential of Urban Parks Under Extreme Heat Events Using Interpretable Machine Learning: A Case Study of Jinan, China." Atmosphere 16, no. 1 (2025): 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16010079.

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Greenhouse gas emissions are primary drivers of climate change, and the intensification of extreme heat and urban heat island effects poses serious threats to urban ecosystems, public health, and energy consumption. This study systematically evaluated the carbon reduction potential of 369 urban parks in Jinan during extreme heat events using land surface temperature (LST) retrieval, combined with CatBoost + SHAP machine learning methods. Results indicate that the LST in Jinan ranged from 1.77 °C to 59.44 °C, and 278 parks exhibited significant cooling effects, collectively saving 2943 tons of

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Wetherington, Jefferson J., Forrest Q. Pecha, and Alejandro Homaechevarria. "Self-Funding a Postprofessional Athletic Training Residency." Athletic Training Education Journal 11, no. 2 (2016): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1102119.

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Context: Postprofessional athletic training residencies (PP-ATRs) are formal educational programs that provide advanced professional preparation for an athletic trainer. These programs are intended to provide clinical and didactic education in a focused area of clinical practice. Identifying and procuring funding to support athletic training residencies can be extremely difficult. Objective: To provide a basic understanding of the foundational requirements of a PP-ATR and to explain some of the basic principles behind funding a PP-ATR. Conclusion(s): Orthopaedic and physical therapy residencie

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Skibba, Kathryn, Danielle Mayorga-Young, Keith Sweitzer, Antoinette Nguyen, and Derek Bell. "Comparison of Operative Efficiency Using Autologous Skin Cell Suspension Versus Standard Split Thickness Autografting." Annals of Plastic Surgery 94, no. 4S (2025): S243—S245. https://doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000004295.

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Introduction Noncultured autologous skin cell suspensions (ASCS) have been applied to burn wounds with comparable results to split-thickness autologous grafts (STSG) while reducing donor graft size and morbidity, making it ideal for patients with large total body surface area (TBSA) burns. However, there is significant cost associated with ASCS. This study aims to compare the size of burn wound coverage per operative minute for ASCS versus STSG, hypothesizing that utilizing ASCS decreases operative time for definitive coverage of large burn wounds, thereby offsetting unit cost. Methodology Thi

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Nalini S and Ritha W. "Inventory model considering trade discounts and scrap disposal with sustainability." Scientific Temper 16, no. 04 (2025): 4095–101. https://doi.org/10.58414/scientifictemper.2025.16.4.12.

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Inventory management in today’s scenario is very complex involving many factors exercising influence on each other. Studies are being made continuously to find the relationship among these factors to arrive at the most optimum solutions. This paper develops a mathematical model for inventory management, incorporating factors such as ordering, holding, screening, and disposal costs, along with quantity discounts, interest payable/earned, and transportation costs. The model considers three scenarios based on the relationship between the cycle time and the trade credit period. The analysis determ

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Ellmann, Stephan, Markus Maryschok, Oliver Schöffski, and Martin Emmert. "The German COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing App: A Socioeconomic Evaluation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (2022): 14318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114318.

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The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges to governments in terms of contact tracing. Like many other countries, Germany introduced a mobile-phone-based digital contact tracing solution (“Corona Warn App”; CWA) in June 2020. At the time of its release, however, it was hard to assess how effective such a solution would be, and a political and societal debate arose regarding its efficiency, also in light of its high costs. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the CWA, considering prevented infections, hospitalizations, intensive care treatments, and deaths. In addition, its efficiency w

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Kalinowski, Maciej, Karol Chilmon, and Wioletta Jackiewicz-Rek. "Photocatalytic Performance of Cementitious Composites Modified with Second-Generation Nano-TiO2 Dispersions: Influence of Composition and Granulation on NOx Purification Efficiency." Coatings 15, no. 2 (2025): 148. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15020148.

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This study investigated the influence of the composition of photocatalytic dispersions made with second-generation nano-TiO2 on the air purification performance of photocatalytic cementitious composites. Nine mortar series were prepared, incorporating photocatalytic dispersions of variable content of nano-TiO2, dispersing agent (superplasticizer), and hydrophobic admixture. The total mass content of nano-TiO2 in investigated mortars was kept at the same level. For investigated composites, photocatalytic removal of NOx was evaluated under simulated laboratory conditions mimicking polish autumn/

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Li, Rongrong, and Rui Jiang. "Is carbon emission decline caused by economic decline? Empirical evidence from Russia." Energy & Environment 30, no. 4 (2018): 672–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x18802786.

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Russia’s energy-related carbon emission decreased by roughly 30% between 1992 and 2017. Previous studies reported that economic recession led to carbon emission reduction in Russia during 1990s. This paper aims to examine whether the economic recession remains to lead to a decline in Russia’s carbon emission for 1992–2017. The results show that not economic recession, but improving energy efficiency is the most significant contributor to decreasing Russia’s carbon emission from 1992 to 2017. Economic recession is the major contributor to the decrease in Russian carbon emission only before the

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Zhang, Ji, Shiqi Yang, Shengtian Yang, Li Fan, and Xu Zhou. "Spatio-Temporal Variations of Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency and Its Drivers in Southwest China." Land 12, no. 2 (2023): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020397.

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Water use efficiency (WUE) has garnered considerable attention at global and regional levels. However, spatio-temporal variations of WUE and related influencing factors in the complex karst landforms of southwest China require further elucidation. Herein, the ratio of gross primary productivity (GPP) to evapotranspiration (ET) obtained through the PML-V2 product was used to characterize ecosystem WUE, the spatio-temporal variations to ecosystem WUE, and responses to temperature, precipitation, and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in southwest China. The results showed that: (1) The ecosyste

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Pinheiro, Vanessa Elisa, Jorge A. Ferreira, Jorge Henrique de Almeida Betini, Eliana Setsuko Kamimura, and Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli. "Utilizing a novel fungal enzymatic cocktail as an eco-friendly alternative for cellulose pulp biobleaching." BioResources 16, no. 4 (2021): 7509–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.4.7509-7529.

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Enzyme cocktails can alter the lignin and hemicellulose content in wood cell walls, improving the bleaching process during pulp production and offsetting the need for toxic chemicals. In this study, brown pulp was biobleached with a mixture of crude fungal extracts rich in xylanase and laccase, respectively produced from Aspergillus tamarii Kita and Trametes versicolor on waste materials. The optimal conditions for biobleaching were a mixture of xylanase and laccase crude extracts (1 to 2 v/v), at a temperature of 36 °C and a pH of 5.5. The treated brown cellulose pulp showed a reduction in th

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Garrett, Kayla, Ryan A. McManamay, and Jida Wang. "Global hydropower expansion without building new dams." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 11 (2021): 114029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2f18.

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Abstract Reducing global carbon emissions will require large-scale transitions from fossil fuels to renewable energy resources. Hydropower will likely play a role in those transitions as it provides reliable energy storage while counter-balancing intermittent renewables. However, the construction of new dams comes at significant environmental costs to river ecosystems. An optimal future considers how to maximize the benefits of hydropower while minimizing environmental impact through revitalizing existing infrastructures. Herein, we quantify this potential using a spatially comprehensive globa

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Peng, Xueyuan, Ziwen Xing, Tiansheng Cui, and Liansheng Li. "Analysis of the working process in an oil-flooded screw compressor by means of an indicator diagram." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 216, no. 6 (2002): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765002761034230.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the thermodynamic processes in an oil-flooded screw compressor. The pressure within the working chamber is measured with a small pressure sensor, embedded in the female rotor on the discharge side. The results so obtained were transformed into an indicator diagram. Based on the indicator diagrams at various operating conditions, the working process is analysed. Owing to oil restricting back-flow of the gas through the discharge port, constant-volume compression is not evident even at substantial under-compression conditions, t

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Eneh, Onyinye M., Iheanyi O. Anyahara, Arinze E. Anaege, and Onyekachi A. Inweregbu. "Human Capital Investment and Performance of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, IIIS (2025): 3613–26. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.903sedu0265.

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The study investigates the influence of investment in human capital on the listed manufacturing firms’ financial performance in Nigeria. Adopting an ex-post facto design, the study examined the experience of 38 listed manufacturing firms during the period 2014-2023. The study specifically examined the influence of the efficiency of human capital and employees’ compensation on the return on assets and the operation expenses. The firms’ annual reports provided the source of the data that were analyzed using descriptive correlation analysis and least square regression analysis. The findings of th

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Alan, Fong Ming-Lun, and Li Baonan Nelson. "Transforming Chiller Plant Efficiency with SC+BAS: Case Study in a Hong Kong Shopping Mall." Urban Science 9, no. 7 (2025): 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci9070253.

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The imperative for building managers, in the face of high-density urban environments, is to drive existing chiller plants to greater operational efficiency through the application of advanced technological interventions. The case for applying Supervisory Control (SC) and a Building Automation System (SC+BAS) for optimizing chiller plants is the subject of investigation here, through the lens of a typical commercial shopping mall in the high-density infrastructure of Hong Kong. The application of SC+BAS falls into the realm of advanced Trim/Respond algorithms coupled with sophisticated sequenci

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Rai, Rameshwar, Atmaz Shrestha, Sushil Rai, Suraj Chaudhary, Dhana Krishna Acharya, and Sabnam Subedi. "Conversion of farming systems into organic bio-intensive farming systems and the transition to sustainability in agro-ecology: Pathways towards sustainable agriculture and food systems." Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences 6, no. 2 (2024): 25–34. https://doi.org/10.33888/jms.2024.624.

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The present farming systems of the world are under pressure to meet multiple demands, and it is clear that addressing these challenges requires a collective effort. This includes supporting the livelihoods of smallholder farmers, conserving biodiversity, offsetting emissions, and adapting to climate change to feed the ever-growing population. In the coming decades, agricultural systems must address significant challenges to produce sustainable bio-energy, adapt and mitigate global climate change, improve water quality and availability, ensure food security, and enhance resource use efficiency

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Martins, Adriana de Souza, Juliane Ribeiro de Oliveira, Marili Lopes Lederer, José Luís Moletta, Shivelly Los Galetto, and Victor Breno Pedrosa. "Glycerol inclusion levels in corn and sunflower silages." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 38, no. 5 (2014): 497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542014000500009.

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Due to the seasonal cycle of forage, the use of silage to feed animals provides nutrients throughout the year. However, its quality can be improved with the inclusion of additives and other products. Glycerol is a rich source of energy and present a high efficiency of utilization by animals. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of glycerol inclusion on the chemical and fermentation characteristics of corn and sunflower silages. Two silage sources (maize and sunflower) were used and four levels of glycerol inclusion (0, 15, 30 and 45%) based on dry matter were carried out. The ex

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Wood, Joel. "Is Revenue Neutrality in Carbon Taxation Possible in Practice? Lessons from the Canadian Experience." Canadian Tax Journal/Revue fiscale canadienne 70, no. 3 (2022): 563–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2022.70.3.wood.

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While the potential economic efficiency, equity, and political acceptability benefits of a revenue-neutral carbon tax have been well studied, a deeper question remains about the feasibility of revenue neutrality in practice. This article provides perspective on this issue by assessing different definitions of revenue neutrality and presenting an in-depth discussion of the motivations for the adoption of revenue-neutral carbon taxes. Two examples of carbon taxes and revenue recycling implemented in Canada are examined: British Columbia's revenue-neutral carbon tax (a carbon tax with offsetting

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Wang, Dier, and Jun Zhang. "Two improved scanning path planning algorithms and a 3D printing control system with circular motion controller." Rapid Prototyping Journal 28, no. 4 (2021): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-08-2020-0190.

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Purpose This paper aims to improve the infilling efficiency and the quality of parts forming. It proposes two improved scanning path planning algorithm based on velocity orthogonal decomposition. Design/methodology/approach The algorithms this paper proposes replace empty paths and corners with circular segments, driving each axis synchronously according to the SIN or COS velocity curve to make the extruder always moves at a constant speed at maximum during the infilling process. Also, to support the improved algorithms, a three-dimensional (3D) printing control system based on circular motion

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Champeecharoensuk, Arthit, Shobhakar Dhakal, and Nuwong Chollacoop. "Climate Change Mitigation in Thailand’s Domestic Aviation: Mitigation Options Analysis towards 2050." Energies 16, no. 20 (2023): 7199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16207199.

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Thailand’s civil aviation industry has expanded rapidly in the past ten years resulting in increasing aviation greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumption. The rapid growth in air transport is anticipated to continue further. Presently, domestic aviation and the economy of many countries are recovering rapidly in the post-COVID-19 period, resulting in fuel consumption and GHG emissions gradually increasing again. However, despite implementing the ICAO’s CORSIA (International Civil Aviation Organization’s Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) rule for inte

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