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1
Kälin, Armin Walter. "Development and optimization of OFID-10 {mü}m CO₂ laser systems /." Zürich, 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9584.
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Umaras, Jonas Radvilas. "Bayesian Parametrisation ofIn Silico Tumour Models." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-382536.
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Technological progress in recent decades has allowed researchers to utilise accurate but computationally demanding models. One example of this development is the adoption of the multi-scale modelling technique for simulating various tissues. These models can then be utilised to test the efficacy of new drugs, e.g., for cancer treatment. Though multi-scale models can produce accurate representations of complex systems, their parameters often cannot be measured directly and have to be inferred using experimental data, which is a challenge yet to be solved. The goal of this work is to investigate the possibility of parametrising a specific high-performance tumour growth model using a likelihood-free method called Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC). The first objective is to understand the effect that parameters of the model have on its behaviour. Then, by using the insights gained from the first step, define a set of summary statistics and a distance metric capable of capturing the impact of parameter variations on the growth of simulated tumours. Finally, assess the landscapes of the parameter space by utilising the statistics and the metric. The obtained results indicate that some of the parameters can be inferred by applying an ABC-style method, which motivates to further investigate the prospect of applying ABC for parametrising the model in question. However, the computational costs of such techniques are expected to be high, putting its execution time in the order of weeks, thus requiring future performance improvements of the model and highly efficient implementations of the parametrisation procedure.
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McKenna, Claire. "Waveguides for OFI lasers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437190.
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Upcraft, Lee Mark. "Modelling collisionally pumped X-ray lasers in optically field ionised noble gases." Thesis, University of York, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10791/.
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Hu, Hai. "China’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment : A Country-level Empirical Analysis of OECD Country Determinants between 2003 and 2010." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29914.
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This thesis combines the gravity model with Dunning’s four motivations and three control variables for Chinese outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI), and provides an empirical country level analysis on the determinants of Chinese OFDI in 34 OECD countries from 2003 to 2010. I find that resource-seeking motivation is a determinant of Chinese OFDI; the market-seeking motive is shown insignificant influence on Chinese OFDI; the strategic asset-seeking motivation of Chinese OFDI is not supported due to its unexpected negative sign. Moreover, the efficiency seeking motivation was not considered in previous studies due to low labor cost in China. In this thesis, by using real labor cost as a proxy, I prove that Chinese OFDI is not driven by efficiency seeking motive.
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Apruzzese, Paola. "Numerical analysis ofd instabilities and failure in composite structures." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505005.
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Klapal, Tomáš. "Matematický model univerzální stanice v laboratoři VUT FSI OFI." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228177.
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This diploma thesis deals with project and experimental verification of mathematical model of experimental circuit for measuring turbine in laboratory of Kaplan Department of Fluids Engineering FME BUT in Brno. Pressure and flow characteristics were modeled based on data measured on general-purpose experimental circuit. Possibilities of the circuit control, mainly by by-pass, were also taken into account. Characteristic curves should serve for preliminery design of the test circuit set up for the turbine model measurements.
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Chappart, Pascaline. "Retours volontaires, retours forcés hors d’Europe. Une socio-anthropologie de l’éloignement des étrangers. Le cas de la France." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT5001/document.
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A partir du cas de la politique d'aide au retour volontaire en France, cette recherche propose une interprétation des politiques d'éloignement des étrangers en situation irrégulière, telles qu'elles sont formulées à l'échelle de l'Union européenne sous l'angle du « retour ». Le principe d'expulsion est maintenant transposé dans le champ de l'action sociale, sous la forme de divers dispositifs d'assistance humanitaire qui masquent la dimension de contrainte contenue dans l'objectif final de faire sortir les étrangers du territoire. Ce brouillage amène à s'intéresser aux ressorts matériels et symboliques de la domination qui s'exerce sur les « retournés » par le biais de cette assistance, où s'observe un retournement du rapport des expulsables à leur départ, rebaptisé « volontaire ». En tenant bout à bout l'étude des processus de renvoi et des expériences d'après-retour, il s'agit de mettre en perspective les mythologies et les réalités du phénomène. Pour ce faire, on examine, à travers les mécanismes de relégation, l'ensemble des acteurs et des institutions participant à l'aménagement d'un espace transnational de prise en charge sociale reliant les pays de renvoi aux pays d'où venaient les émigrés, particulièrement dans les effets sociopolitiques et anthropologiques que leurs opérations produisentStarting from the issue of assisted voluntary return in France, this research offers an interpretation of removal policies for undocumented foreigners, labeled as "return policy" in the European Union. The principle of deportation has now been transposed to the field of social policy. Therefore, various humanitarian assistance programmes have hidden the notion of obligation which underlies the final goal of having foreigners leave the country. This confusion leads to the study of material and symbolic patterns of domination applied to "returnees”. In fact, this assistance involves a twist in the relation to the departure: undocumented migrants are no longer deportable people but foreigners asking for voluntary departure. Considering the whole process of removal and post deportation experiences, this research is to outline the myths and realities of return. Thus, trough relegation mechanisms, both social actors and institutions have been investigated. Their involvement and its consequences in the set up of a transnational space bonding the "deporting countries" and the countries of origin have been thoroughly analysed from a sociopolitical and an anthropological point of view
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Oliveira, Rui. "The emergence of strategic capabilities in a south-north cross-border M&A and their post-acquisition process." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-emergence-of-strategic-capabilities-in-a-southnorth-crossborder-ma-and-their-postacquisition-process(4c7f033d-c4bd-40bc-b90a-5e3f03d60730).html.
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The internationalization of Chinese companies is a new reality. This is even more innovative if we isolate Chinese private firms and in particular those having businesses in developed countries as targets. If the first internationalizations of Chinese private firms to developed countries showed us less than optimal results; the latest show mixed outcomes. Interestingly, some of the latest firms with positive results are breaking through stable and complex global value chains, such as the automotive industry, to become first tier suppliers to transnational assemblers and even acquire large and apparently more capable first-tier global suppliers in developed countries. Based on the relevant literature, namely: automotive global value chain (Holweg et al., 2009; Humphrey & Memedovic, 2003; Sturgeon & Lester, 2004; Sturgeon & Van Biesebroeck, 2011; Thun, 2001); developing countries firms internationalization (Boisot & Meyer, 2008; Buckley et al., 2007; Child & Rodrigues, 2005; Dunning, 2006b; Luo & Tung, 2007; Mathews, 2006); and Chinese business system (Redding & Witt, 2009; Whitley, 1992, 1999b; Witt & Redding, 2013a, 2013b; Zhang & Whitley, 2013); this is not expected. This is why we decided to thoroughly understand the dynamic capabilities of one of such firms. Using an in-depth case study the analysis was performed with an integrative tri- perspective approach using institutional, industrial and firm levels. The starting point was on the understanding of the dynamic capabilities that the Chinese firm had since its incorporation until become a first-tier supplier to a transnational assembler followed by its internationalisation. Delving deeper into the internationalisation of the organisation, the study analysed, using the business system framework, how the Chinese firm was able to acquire and manage its new acquisition, which had superior tangible and intangible capabilities, and successfully overcame the predictable clashes that such a setting creates. This is in line with the call for exploratory research (Deng, 2012; Meyer, 2014; Narula, 2012; Ramamurti & Singh, 2009) due to the still infancy of the problem under study, the anecdotal descriptions, and the lack of reliable quantitative data. Our findings show us a Chinese firm with specific and divergent dynamic capabilities since its incorporation, when compared with the expected and typical companies, that should have emerged from the Chinese business system. A clear focus in a unique industry associated with the ambition, yet constraints, to become a global company, combined with the necessity of an industrial upgrade, and a deliberate strategy that allowed the firm to become a turnover company of €1 Billion in less than ten years. Furthermore, the long-term vision of the group and the use of a supportive partnering strategy for the post- acquisition period has been an essential component of the firm's success. Finally, we found that the firm has been joining disperse competences and resources it was lacking, using different dynamic capabilities, by grouping and directing them into a specific well-stated vision. From a theoretical perspective, these findings are particularly important since they do not support the institutional arbitrage literature nor accommodate the current different theoretical extensions on international business literature. From an empirical sense we explain that firms are not fate to integrate in a post M&A period and describe how this can be achieved.
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Goddet, Jean-Philippe. "Etude et développement de sources laser XUV par injection d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00503026/en/.
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Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de cette thèse visent à étudier une géométrie de lasers XUV inspirée des lasers de puissance. Cette architecture, consistant en un injecteur (une source d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé) couplé à un amplificateur (plasma créé par laser), correspond à celle d'une chaîne laser de puissance dans la gamme spectrale de l'XUV. Le laser à 32,8 nm étudié ici, est produit par l'injection d'harmonique d'ordre élevé dans un plasma de krypton créé par Optical Field Ionisation (OFI). Ce schéma, initialement testé par T. Ditmire en 1995, a été validé en 2003 au Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée avec un amplificateur plasma créé par l'interaction d'un laser intense et d'un milieu gazeux. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans la continuité de ce dernier travail en tentant d'aborder différents aspects liés, non seulement à une meilleure compréhension des processus physiques impliqués, mais aussi à la caractérisation spatio-temporelle de ce type de source.Nous avons démontré expérimentalement et pour la première fois qu'une source dans le domaine de l'XUV peut être à la fois très compacte, énergétique (1 µJ par impulsion), proche de la limite de diffraction et de celle de Fourier. En effet, grâce au filtrage spatial des harmoniques par le milieu amplificateur, le laser XUV injecté à 32,8 nm montre un profil spatial gaussien avec une divergence de 0,7 mrad (à 1/e2). Le front d'onde a été mesuré avec un senseur de type Hartmann et atteint une valeur de lambda/17 en écart quadratique moyen, démontrant que cette source XUV est limitée par la diffraction. Les caractérisations temporelles du laser montrent que le temps de cohérence est de l'ordre de la durée d'émission spontanée de l'amplificateur. Les résultats de la mesure de la cohérence temporelle présentent un profil gaussien de largeur spectrale relative delta lambda/lambda égale à 10-5 (à mi-hauteur) correspondant à une durée d'impulsion de l'ordre de 5 ps.
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Ambrosini, Mattia. "The impact of OFDI on economic growth countries: an econometric approach using panel data and time-series evidence." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10483.
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The thesis at hand adds to the existing literature by investigating the relationship between economic growth and outward foreign direct investments (OFDI) on a set of 16 emerging countries. Two different econometric techniques are employed: a panel data regression analysis and a time-series causality analysis. Results from the regression analysis indicate a positive and significant correlation between OFDI and economic growth. Additionally, the coefficient for the OFDI variable is robust in the sense specified by the Extreme Bound Analysis (EBA). On the other hand, the findings of the causality analysis are particularly heterogeneous. The vector autoregression (VAR) and the vector error correction model (VECM) approaches identify unidirectional Granger causality running either from OFDI to GDP or from GDP to OFDI in six countries. In four economies causality among the two variables is bidirectional, whereas in five countries no causality relationship between OFDI and GDP seems to be present.
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Depresseux, Adrien. "Development of an ultrashort and intense collisional OFI plasma-based soft X-ray laser." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01233246/document.
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Collisionally-pumped “OFI” plasma-based soft X-ray lasers are achieved by focusing an ultra-intense infrared laser pulse into a gas. The resulting laser-plasma interaction allows the generation of a plasma column in population inversion, made of multi-charged ions and energetic electrons. We are interested in the emission from the 3d94dJ=0 → 3d94pJ=1 atomic transition of krypton IX (Nickel-like) at 32. 8 nm. When this plasma is seeded by an external high-harmonic source, the resulting emission exhibits excellent spatial properties, while demonstrating a significantly higher photon yield at the relevant wavelength. Although being compact and exhibiting numerous attractive characteristics, collisional plasma-based X-ray lasers face limitations intrinsic to their pumping scheme. Indeed, they used to deliver quite long pulses (a few picosecond), thus limiting the scope of applications. The main focus of this thesis has been associated with the implementation of an original technique aimed at achieving 100 fs-range duration of emission by quenching the plasma amplifier gain lifetime through collisional over-ionization (Collisional Ionization Gating). This required operating at very high electron densities (about 1020 cm-3), which involved the implementation of optical waveguiding techniques. The “seeded regime” has been used to sample the ultrafast gain lifetime of such a plasma amplifier. A time-dependent Maxwell-Bloch code allowed describing the ultrashort amplification dynamics and deriving a final soft X-ray pulse duration. The method additionally allows a larger photon yield per shot (14 µJ), thus promising a nearly three orders of magnitude surge in soft X-ray pulse intensity compared to previous performances. Another important focus of this thesis dealt with the implementation of a circularly polarized plasma-based X-ray laser. Such source allows the study of dichroism, magnetization dynamics in matter or chiral domains in biology. The source has been demonstrated by seeding a krypton IX plasma amplifier with a resonant circularly polarized high-harmonic signal. In agreement with experimental measurements, our Maxwell-Bloch numerical model confirms the conservation of the high-harmonic polarization over amplification in the plasma and the efficiency of the scheme, which paves the way for prospective single-shot measurements.
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Bergheim, Stella [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung des Zusammenhanges zwischen orofazialen Dysfunktionen (OFD) im Kindesalter und dem somatosensorischen System / Stella Bergheim." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119508093X/34.
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Loebel and Martin Bo Hjort. "Improvement of the Coherence Characteristics of Laser Diode Arrays Using Photorefractive Phase Conjugation." Thesis, Risoe National Laboratory, 1998. http://www.risoe.dk/rispubl/ofd/riso-r-1038.htm.
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Heinemeier and Nicholas Pierce. "Flow speed measurement using two-point collective light scattering." Thesis, Risoe National Laboratory, 1998. http://www.risoe.dk/rispubl/ofd/riso-r-1064.htm.
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Gao, Lan. "The internationalisation of Chinese firms : determinants and the influence of dynamic capabilities and institutions on the post-internationalisation performance." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8504.
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This thesis examines the rising phenomenon of the internationalisation of Chinese firms, and aims to shed new light on our understanding of the emergence of firms from emerging economies in the global market. It consists of two parts: the country level study and the firm level. The former identifies the domestic and locational determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), while the latter examines the influence of dynamic capabilities and institutions on the post-internationalisation performance of Chinese firms, with a focus on state-owned enterprises (SOEs). To explore the domestic and locational determinants of Chinese OFDI, the thesis integrates network theory with the traditional explanations of OFDI, the investment development path and the eclectic paradigm. By doing so, a new factor, human mobility, is identified as one of the important domestic and locational determinants of Chinese OFDI. Drawing upon a time series data analysis for the period 1979-2007, this study confirms that Chinese OFDI is driven by its domestic economic development, human mobility and knowledge development and accumulation, and it has a substitute relationship with exports. By examining Chinese OFDI flows to 13 OECD countries over the period 1999-2007, it is shown that human mobility, the strategic assets of the host country, foreign direct investment to China and cultural distance have a positive impact on the locational choice of Chinese OFDI to OECD countries. To investigate the influence of dynamic capabilities and institutions on the post-internationalisation performance of Chinese firms, this study integrates the dynamic capability framework and the institution-based view, and embeds the analysis in a multi-perspective conceptual framework. It draws on four case studies of Chinese SOEs. The analysis shows the importance of internal dynamic capabilities in achieving overseas success when dealing with changing environments. The managerial mindset has a moderate effect on the impact of dynamic capabilities on post-internationalisation performance. The case analysis also shows how the external institutional environment of both host and home countries influence the performance of Chinese SOEs. ii Support from both host and home country governments, unsurprisingly, has a positive influence on performance. However, too much intervention from the home country government imposes constraints on the firms and reduces their willingness to commit to internationalisation. This thesis makes a number of contributions to the existing literature. First, it provides a better understanding of the overall picture of Chinese OFDI from the macro perspective. The findings also contribute to our understanding of the rise of OFDI from emerging economies in general and from China in particular. Second, a new factor, human mobility, is identified and proved to be significant in determining Chinese OFDI. In this era of globalisation, human mobility has become the driving force of OFDI from emerging economies. Third, a first step is taken towards exploring the influence of both internal and external factors on the post-internationalisation performance of Chinese firms. In order to achieve overseas success, not only do Chinese firms need to improve their internal dynamic capabilities, but also attention needs to be paid to the external institutional environment, which has a significant impact on the performance of Chinese firms pursuing overseas success.
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Mittenzwey, Nico. "Evaluating and Improving the Performance of MPI-Allreduce on QLogic HTX/PCIe InifiniBand HCA." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-200901053.
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This thesis analysed the QLogic InfiniPath QLE7140 HCA and its onload architecture
and compared the results to the Mellanox InfiniHost III Lx HCA which uses an offload
architecture. As expected, the QLogic InfiniPath QLE7140 HCA can outperform the
Mellanox InfiniHost III Lx HCA in latency and bandwidth terms on our test system in
various test scenarios. The benchmarks showed, that sending messages with multiple
threads in parallel can increase the bandwidth greatly while bi-directional sends cut
the effective bandwidth for one HCA by up to 30%.
Different all-reduce algorithms where evaluated and compared with the help of the
LogGP model. The comparison showed that new all-reduce algorithms can outperform the ones already implemented in Open MPI for different scenarios.
The thesis also demonstrated, that one can implement multicast algorithms for InfiniBand
easily by using the RDMA-CM API.
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Yin, Jungang. "Multi(Wide)-Band Multi-Functional Antennas Based On Folded Dipoles." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14600.
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This doctoral thesis deals with designs and developments of multi(wide)-band multifunctional antennas based on folded dipoles. In the beginning, the concept of Orthogonal Folded Dipoles (OFD) are put forward. Orthogonal folded dipoles are formed by two identical two-port folded dipoles orthogonally joining with each other at the center, and can be fed through different combinations of feed nodes to offer dual- and wide-band modes, respectively. The impedances of the 2 modes are studied both by analytical models and by commercial electromagnetic simulation tools. The properties of the linearly polarized radiation patterns in the two modes vary quite little, except for ±45◦ rotation of two principal planes. In this way, orthogonal folded dipoles can possibly provide pattern reconfigurability in a context of switchable types and orientations of polarizations. Next, the concept of Log-Periodic Folded Dipole Array (LPFDA) is proposed. It stems from the traditional log-periodic dipole array, whereas folded dipoles instead of straight dipoles are applied as the elements of the array. Two configurations, i.e. partly-scaled LPFDA and fully-scaled LPFDA, are studied through simulations and optimizations. The comparison shows that the latter outperforms the former in terms of higher directivity, reduced front-to-back ratio and lower crosspolar level. The key parts of this thesis focus on exploiting Eleven antennas, based on the LPFDAs, in a variety of applications. First, the 4-port L-band lab model for use in satellite terminals demonstrates that the radiation patterns for monopulse tracking can be achieved through different excitation combinations of the multiport Eleven antenna. Second, a decade bandwidth, an unchanged phase center and nearly constant directivities over the whole band can be regarded as the major figure-of-merit of the Eleven antenna, which makes it suitable as feed for prime-fed reflector antennas. Through endeavors of using Genetic Algorithms, the wideband Eleven antennas have been gradually optimized in term of matching as well as efficiencies. Besides, the rotationally symmetric circular Eleven feed is a very promising solution for improving the BOR1 efficiency and therefore the aperture efficiency by a fraction of dB. Last but not least, the two multiport L-band lab models measured in a reverberation chamber demonstrate that the Eleven antenna with MIMO diversity ports can possibly overcome narrowband multipath fading in a real radio link and improve the link quality in terms of a significant diversity gain and high maximum available capacity.
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Johnson, Martin L., and Kevin Crawford. "Design Considerations for a Launch Vehicle Development Flight Instrumentation System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595751.
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ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NevadaWhen embarking into the design of a new launch vehicle, engineering models of expected vehicle performance are always generated. While many models are well established and understood, some models contain design features that are only marginally known. Unfortunately, these analytical models produce uncertainties in design margins. The best way to answer these analytical issues is with vehicle level testing. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration respond to these uncertainties by using a vehicle level system called the Development Flight Instrumentation, or DFI. This DFI system can be simple to implement, with only a few measurements, or it may be a sophisticated system with hundreds of measurement and video, without a recording capability. From experience with DFI systems, DFI never goes away. The system is renamed and allowed to continue, in most cases. Proper system design can aid the transition to future data requirements. This paper will discuss design features that need to be considered when developing a DFI system for a launch vehicle. It will briefly review the data acquisition units, sensors, multiplexers and recorders, telemetry components and harnessing. It will present a reasonable set of requirements which should be implemented in the beginning of the program in order to start the design. It will discuss a simplistic DFI architecture that could be the basis for the next NASA launch vehicle. This will be followed by a discussion of the "experiences gained" from a past DFI system implementation, such as the very successful Ares I-X test flight. Application of these design considerations may not work for every situation, but they may direct a path toward success or at least make one pause and ask the right questions.
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Björkbom, Amel, and Kimberly Nguyen. "Roadblocks Hindering a Fossil-Free Stockholm : Research of the Impact of Food Delivery Technology." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298327.
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Online food delivery (OFD) services have become increasingly popular and accessible, allowing customers to choose between a wide range of restaurants conveniently, compare meals and prices effectively, and arrange the delivery of the meal immediately. Thus, the number of last-mile online food deliveries has increased, creating challenges for urban cities. Based on the goal that the City Council of Stockholm has set up regarding becoming fossil-free by 2040, this report examines the effects of the last-mile deliveries in the food delivery sector, particularly how the food is delivered to consumers today, and what challenges the OFD companies are facing in relation to lowering emissions from last-mile deliveries in the urban area. The study consists of empirical data collected from a quantitative survey answered by food delivery consumers in Stockholm, a qualitative interview with Sofia Leffler Moberg, Head of Sustainable Transformation at PostNord, and secondary data published online. The results show that there is a discrepancy between how the food was delivered to the customer and what the respective OFD platform recounted in their application to be the delivery method. The in-app visualization shows that the predominant vehicle used for delivery was bicycle, however, the answers from the participants in the investigation indicate that fossil-driven vehicles such as cars and mopeds are used for delivering. The findings also indicate that there is, to a certain extent, an awareness and a presence of sustainability work in relation to carbon dioxide emissions, however, the work is argued to be limited in relation to what is actually needed in order to contribute to becoming a fossil-free city. Therefore, a large commitment by both the OFD companies and the City Council of Stockholm is needed to accelerate the transition from fossil-driven to fossil-free delivery fleets in order to reduce the GHG emissions from the last-mile deliveries within the sector.Matleveranstjänster har blivit alltmer populära och tillgängliga, vilket gör att kunderna enkelt kan välja mellan ett brett utbud av restauranger, jämföra måltider och priser effektivt och ordna leveransen av maten direkt. Således har antalet sista mil matleveranser ökat och skapat utmaningar för städerna. Baserat på det mål som Stockholms Stad har satt upp om att bli fossilfritt till år 2040, undersöker denna rapport effekterna av leveranserna i sista milen inom matleveranssektorn, särskilt hur maten levereras till konsumenterna idag och vilka utmaningar matleveransföretagen står inför i förhållande till att minska utsläppen från sista milen leveranser i stadsområdet. Studien består av empirisk data insamlad från en kvantitativ undersökning besvarad av personer som konsumerar matleveranstjänster i Stockholm, en kvalitativ intervju med Sofia Leffler Moberg, hållbarhetschef på PostNord, och sekundära data publicerade på nätet. Resultaten visar att det finns en avvikelse mellan hur maten levererades till kunden och vilken leveransmetod respektive matleverans-plattform angav i sin applikation. Visualiseringen i applikationen visade att cykel var vanligast för matleveranser i Stockholm, men deltagarna i undersökningen indikerade att fossila fordon som bilar och mopeder används oftare än cykel. Resultaten tyder också på att det till viss del finns en medvetenhet och närvaro av hållbarhetsarbete i förhållande till koldioxidutsläpp, men arbetet är begränsat i relation till vad som behövs göras för att uppnå målet om att bli en fossilfri stad. Därför behövs ett stort åtagande från både matleverans-företagen och Stockholms Stad för att påskynda övergången från fossildrivna till elektriska leveransflottor för att minska växthusgasutsläppen från sista milen leveranser inom sektorn.
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Le, Masson Jérôme. "Systèmes de transmission avec précodage linéaire et traitement itératif : application à l'OFDM et aux techniques MIMO." Lorient, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LORIS062.
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Cette thèse présente l'étude des systèmes itératifs pour le traitement du précodage linéaire et son application à l'OFDM et aux systèmes à antennes multiples. Le précodage linéaire est une méthode permettant de profiter de la diversité temporelle, fréquentielle ou spatiale du canal. Cependant, le détecteur optimal pour ce type de dispositif a une complexité qui croît de manière exponentielle avec les dimensions du système. Les algorithmes itératifs récemment dérivés du principe ``turbo'' permettent au détecteur de bénéficier d'un information \apriori fournie par un code correcteur d'erreurs. Les principaux détecteurs applicables au précodage linéaire sont ainsi étudiés et une méthode de traitement itératif est adaptée à partir du récepteur MMSE-IC-LE pour la turbo-égalisation. Le traitement proposé ainsi que les autres détecteurs étudiés offrent un gain en diversité potentiellement identique quel que soit le critère de détection choisi, MAP ou MMSE. Les performances théoriques sont déterminées en considérant une information \apriori parfaite en entrée du détecteur. Sur un canal de Rayleigh, l'ordre de diversité est ainsi égal au produit de la diversité du code par la taille de la matrice de précodage. D'autre part, nous observons l'influence du traitement et des paramètres du système sur la convergence à l'aide de diagrammes EXIT. La méthode proposée offre un bon compromis entre performance et complexité, même si le seuil de convergence est retardé lorsque l'efficacité spectrale (modulation, rendement de code) et la taille du précodage linéaire augmentent. Le précodage linéaire avec un traitement itératif en réception est alors appliqué à deux cas réalistes. La modulation multi-porteuses du standard 802. 11a est tout d'abord considérée. Dans un contexte de diversité limitée en temps et en fréquence, le précodage linéaire est capable d'apporter un gain significatif avec un traitement de faible complexité Enfin, le précodage linéaire est associé à un système multi-antennes. La forme générale utilisée pour décrire les architectures étudiée permet d'effectuer un traitement itératif conjoint du précodage linéaire et du multiplexage spatial. L'ordre de diversité obtenu précédemment est alors multiplié par le nombre d'antennes de réception. L'étude de la convergence du traitement itératif proposé montre que l'utilisation du précodage linéaire améliore les performances à fort rapport signal à bruit au prix d'une dégradation de la convergenceThis thesis deals with iterative processing for linear precoding and its application to OFDM and multi-antenna systems. The purpose of linear precoding is to exploit time, frequency or space diversity. Nevertheless, optimal detectors have a complexity increasing exponentially with the system parameters. Iterative algorithms recently derived from the "turbo" principle allow the detector to benefit from the a priori information provided by the error correcting code. The main detectors that can be applied to linear precoding are then studied and an iterative algorithm is adapted from the MMSE-IC-LE receiver for the turbo-equalization. The proposed algorithm and the other detectors offer a diversity gain identical whatever the selected criteria, MAP or MMSE. Theoretical results are given when considering a perfect a priori information as input of the detector. The diversity order over a Rayleigh fading channel is then equal to the code diversity multiplied by the size of the precoding matrix. In addition, we observe the influence of the treatment and the system characteristics over the convergence by the way of EXIT charts. The proposed method offers a good trade-off between performance and complexity, even if the convergence threshold increases with the spectral efficiency (modulation, coding rate) and the size of linear precoding. Linear precoding with iterative processing is then applied to two realistic cases. First, the multi-carrier modulation of the 802. 11a WLAN standard is considered. In the context of a limited diversity in the time and frequency domains, the linear precoding is able to produce a significant gain with a low complexity method. Last, linear precoding is associated to a multiantenna system. The general formulation of the studied architectures allows a joint treatment of the linear precoding and the spatial multiplexing. The diversity order previously obtained is multiplied by the number of receive antennas. Finally, the convergence study shows that the linear precoding improves the performance at high signal to noise ratio at the price of a higher convergence threshold
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Robillart, Bruno. "Modélisation de la Physique Atomique et du Transfert Radiatif pour le laser X-UV." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576536.
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Les sources X-UV sont l'objet d'un développement important depuis une dizaine d'années. Dans cette gamme spectrale, nous sommes maintenant capables de produire des sources cohérentes, collimatées et de forte brillance. De telles sources ont des applications dans l'imagerie médicale, la photolithographie, ou encore le diagnostic de plasmas denses... Cette thèse a été consacrée à la modélisation du laser X-UV "OFI", source X-UV étudiée au LOA (ENSTA, Palaiseau). Ce type de laser X-UV est généré suite à l'ionisation d'un gaz (Kr, Xe) par un laser infrarouge de forte puissance. Le plasma créé par cette interaction constitue la source X-UV. Le travail produit au cours de la thèse a porté sur l'amplification d'un signal X-UV injecté dans ce plasma. L'objectif était d'obtenir une analyse plus détaillée du profil spatio-temporel du signal. Un nouveau code numérique 3D a alors été élaboré. Il utilise un modèle de transfert radiatif décrit par les équations de Maxwell-Bloch. Les résultats du code ont d'une part montré que le profil temporel du signal X-UV changeait considérablement au cours de l'amplification. Notamment il peut, à forte saturation, révéler des pics d'intensité de très courte durée (<100fs). La forte saturation ne pouvant être obtenue qu'avec un plasma de plusieurs centimètres de long, ceci nous amène à considérer avec intérêt les expériences utilisant le guidage du laser infrarouge, permettant la création de tels plasmas. D'autre part, l'analyse de la structure du profil transverse du signal X-UV en sortie calculé à partir de ce même code, nous a permis de mettre en évidence que le plasma amplifi
cateur agissait comme un filtre spatial sur l'impulsion X-UV injectée.
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Wang, Hongshu. "From Chinese local state-owned enterprise to global MNE : a mixed methods investigation into pre- and post-strategic asset seeking OFDI in sub-national CMNEs." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12864/.
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Over the last several decades, Chinese local state owned enterprises (LSOEs) have become significant forces in Chinese outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). I first show, using a quantitative regression model, how LSOEs have a comparatively stronger strategic asset seeking (SAS) orientation. Operating within a diversified external political economy, and possessing unique status and features following decentralization, LSOEs face particular challenges, to which SAS oriented OFDI has arguably been one response. I then investigate the case of China’s Northern Heavy Industries (NHI) Group from Liaoning Province. The group operates in the Tunnel Boring Machinery (TBM) industry and has become one of the world’s most successful TBM players. It has done so through several large foreign strategic asset related acquisitions (one in France and one in the US). I draw from interviews and hand-collected primary information from the parent firm in China, and the acquired subsidiaries in France, the United States and Germany. I explore in particular pre and post SAS related FDI decision making and integration strategies and behaviours. I identify: (1) Local state ownership as an important factor determining pre-OFDI strategic decision making and post-OFDI integration; (2) The Chinese institutional environment as a potential comparative advantage for LSOEs in negotiating with foreign investment targets or partners; (3) the challenges and responses to post FDI SAS integration for local state-owned Chinese businesses. To date we know relatively little in detail about the ways in which local Chinese MNEs have managed to catch-up with developed market counterparts. This research therefore contributes to our understanding of theories like Mathews’ (2006) ‘LLL’ model, the ‘springboard’ perspective of Luo and Tung (2007), and Chinese OFDI determination theory by Buckley et al. (2007). It also sheds important new light on the institutional perspective, particularly the role of local government in spurring Chinese MNEs (CMNE) OFDI related catch-up.
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Souza, Igor Felipe Andrade da Costa de. "Avaliação da atividade de lectinas de Opuntia ficus indica, OfiL, e de Moringa oleifera, cMoL e WSMoL, na sobrevivência de cupins da espécie Nasutitermes corniger." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12652.
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CAPES
Lectinas são um grupo heterogêneo de proteínas ou glicoproteínas, de origem não imunológica, que se ligam de maneira específica e reversível a carboidratos. As lectinas apresentam diversas propriedades biológicas, incluindo atividade inseticida. A Opuntia ficus indica (palma-forrageira) é um dos mais importantes e estratégicos recursos forrageiros no Semi-árido brasileiro, apresentando extrema resistência à seca, podendo servir de alimentos para os animais, sendo o único alimento disponível durante o período de seca. Uma lectina foi isolada dos cladódios da O. ficus indica, OfiL. OfiL é uma proteína ligadora de quitina, de natureza aniônica e massa molecular 8,4 kDa. A Moringa oleifera é um espécie vegetal perene que pode se desenvolver tanto em condições irrigadas como de seca, sendo pouco exigente quanto ao tipo de solo e adubação, bem como, tolerante às pragas e doenças. Essas características fazem da moringa uma boa alternativa para cultivo em larga escala no território brasileiro. Duas lectinas foram isoladas de suas sementes, cMoL e WSMoL, ambas capazes de se ligar a quitina, com naturezas catiônica e aniônica, respectivamente. A cMoL é constituída por subunidades de massas moleculares 14,9 e 26,5 kDa e WSMoL possui subunidades de 5 kDa. Os térmitas ou cupins são pequenos insetos da Ordem Isoptera que apresentam comportamento eussocial. Nas colônias, estão divididos em castas morfológica e funcionamente distintas. Nasutitermes corniger é uma espécie de cupim com ampla distribuição nas Américas. No Brasil, esta espécie é considerada uma praga urbana. A utilização de inseticidas sintéticos pode acarretar em diversos perigos para organismos não-alvo e para o meio ambiente. Recentemente, a atividade termiticida de diferentes lectinas de plantas tem sido descrita, o que desperta o interesse em investigar outras plantas como novas fontes de lectinas ativas contra N. corniger. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve por objetivo analisar as possíveis ações inseticida e repelente de OfiL, cMoL e WSMoL sobre N. corniger. O teste de atividade termiticida foi realizada com cupins operários e soldados (na proporção de 4:1), os quais foram colocados em contato com papéis de filtro embebidos com preparações das lectinas nas concentrações de 0,125 a 1,5 mg/mL. A taxa de mortalidade (%) foi avaliada diariamente. A atividade repelente foi avaliada observando a construção de túneis no ágar pelos cupins e fechamento das galerias em resposta a presença da amostra lectínica. OfiL (1,5 mg/mL), apresentou atividade termiticida (p<0,05) sobre soldados; OfiL induziu a mortalidade (p<0,05) de operários nas concentrações de 0,25 a 1,5 mg/mL, sendo possível a determinação, após 4 dias, de uma CL50 de 0,166 mg/mL. A cMoL foi ativa (p<0,05) apenas sobre operários na concentração de 1,5 mg/mL. A WSMoL foi ativa (p<0,05) na concentração de 1,5 mg/mL contra operários e soldados. Nenhuma das lectinas apresentou atividade repelente sobre os cupins. Em conclusão, OfiL, cMoL e WSMoL mostraram efeitos distintos sobre as castas de N. corniger. A OfiL possui potencial biotecnológico para o uso em controle de pragas de cupins N. corniger, pois foi altamente tóxica em baixas concentrações sobre os operários.
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Aboura, Ikram. "Effet anti-inflammatoire et anti obésité des extraits polyphénoliques de feuilles de caroube "Ceratonia siliqua" et cladode de figuier de barbarie "Opuntia ficus-indica"." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK027/document.
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Dans la présente étude, nous avons étudié les effets des infusions de feuilles de caroube et de cladodes OFI riches en polyphénols sur l'inflammation associée à l'obésité et la colite ulcéreuse induite par le dextran de sulfate de sodium (DSS) chez les souris suisse.Des études in vitro ont révélé que les extraits aqueux de feuilles de caroube et de cladodes OFI présentaient des propriétés anti-inflammatoires marquées par l'inhibition de la production d'IL-6, de TNF-α et d'oxyde nitrique (NO) dans les cellules RAW 264.7 stimulées par des lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Inhibition de la translocation du noyau NF-κβ.Pour des investigations in vivo, des souris mâles suisses ont été soumises à un régime contrôle (ND) ou à un régime riche en graisses (HFD). A la 4ème semaine après le début de l'étude, les animaux ont reçu ou non 1% d'infusion de feuilles de caroube ou d'OFI-cladode pendant 6 semaines et ont été soumis à une administration de DSS à 2% dans l'eau potable au cours des 7 derniers jours. Après sacrifice, les niveaux de cytokines pro-inflammatoires dans le plasma et l'expression de leur ARNm dans différents organes ont été déterminés. Les résultats ont montré que les infusions de feuille de caroube et de OFI-cladode réduisaient la sévérité de l'inflammation associée à l'obésité induite par HFD et la colite aiguë induite par le DSS indiquée par une diminution de l'expression des cytokines pro-inflammatoires (comme TNF-α, IL1b et IL-6) tissu adipeux et rate. En outre, les taux plasmatiques d'IL-6 et de TNF-α ont également été réduits en réponse au traitement par les infusions. Ainsi, les infusions de feuilles de caroube et d'OFI-cladode ont empêché la perméabilité intestinale grâce à la restauration des protéines de jonctions serrées (Zo1, occludines) et à l'homéostasie immunitaire. Ainsi, l'effet anti-inflammatoire des feuilles de caroube et des cladodes OFI pourrait être attribué à leurs polyphénols qui pourraient atténuer la gravité de l'inflammation associée à l'obésité et à la coliteIn the present study, we have investigated the effects of polyphenol-rich infusions from carob leaves and OFI-cladodes on inflammation associated with obesity and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in Swiss mice. In vitro studies revealed that aqueous extracts of carob leaves and OFI-cladodes exhibited anti-inflammatory properties marked by the inhibition of , TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells concomitant with NF-κβ nucleus translocation inhibition. For in vivo investigations, Swiss male mice were subjected to control or high fat diet (HFD). At the 4th week after the start of study, animals received or not 1% infusion of either carob leaves or OFI-cladode for 6 weeks and were subjected to 2% DSS administration in drinking water over last 7 days. After sacrifice, pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in plasma and their mRNA expression in different organs were determined. Results showed that carob leaf and OFI-cladode infusions reduced inflammation severity associated with HFD-induced obesity and DSS-induced acute colitis indicated by decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines expression (as such TNF-α, IL1b and IL-6) in colon, adipose tissue and spleen. In addition, plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were also curtailed in response to infusions treatment. Thus, carob leaf and OFI-cladode infusions prevented intestinal permeability through the restoration of tight junction proteins (Zo1, occludins) and immune homeostasis. Hence, the anti-inflammatory effect of carob leaves and OFI-cladodes could be attributed to their polyphenols which might alleviate inflammation severity associated with obesity and colitis
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Buttice, Audrey Lynn. "Aggregation of Sediment and Bacteria with Mucilage from the Opuntia ficus-indica Cactus." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4295.
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Flocculants are commonly used in industrial settings where solid-liquid separations are desired including industrial and municipal wastewater management and potable water production facilities. Conventional flocculants include inorganic metal salts and synthetic organic polymers. The cost, availability, and harmful effects of the non-biodegradable nature of these flocculants have led to the widespread study of natural flocculants. Current natural flocculants being studied include polysaccharides cultivated from microbial extracellular matrix products and plant based materials. In this study, the mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica cactus was evaluated as a natural flocculant for sediments and bacteria. The O. ficus-indica cactus is also known as the nopal or prickly pear and is commonly used as a food source in Mexico and Latin America. Using simple extraction techniques non-gelling (NE) and gelling (GE) mucilage extracts were isolated from fresh cactus pads. Column tests were used to evaluate the flocculation and removal of suspended sediment and bacteria caused by mucilage addition. Throughout this work the mucilage's ability as a flocculant was evaluated by varying mucilage type and concentration, suspended contaminant type and concentration, and cation type and concentration. Many of the results are explained in terms of the morphology and chemical composition of the GE and NE mucilage extracts. The extracts consist primarily of polysaccharides and differences in physical structure between mucilage types were seen using atomic force microscopy and transition electron microscopy. A variety of suspended particles were used to evaluate the mucilage as a flocculant including kaolin,
acid-washed kaolin, and bacteria. The bacteria employed in this study include Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli HB101 K12, and fully attenuated Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain. The addition of monovalent (Na+ and K+), divalent (Ca2+ and Mg2+), and trivalent (Al3+ and Fe3+) cations was studied alone and in combination with mucilage. In cation studies Ca2+ had the most profound effect on flocculation efficiency; therefore its efficacy was further explored. Mucilage was most effective with dosages between 5 and 50 mg/L for the contaminants studied. Using these optimal concentrations, 20 to 200 L of water could be treated with only 1 g of mucilage powder. Based on the extraction method used in this work, 1 g of mucilage can be obtained from a cactus pad weighing approximately 250 g (wet weight). Mucilage remained an effective flocculant over a wide range of suspended contaminant concentrations showing that mucilage is a versatile flocculant that can be tailored for a variety of applications. Overall, this work shows that the O. ficus-indica cactus is an effective flocculant for suspended sediments and bacteria. The cactus' low cost, abundance, and current use in many areas make it an attractive alternative to traditionally used flocculants. Additionally, this work builds upon existing knowledge pertaining to natural flocculants and could offer insight into their general behaviors for water treatment applications.
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Tan, Qun. "Environment, marketing strategy, performance, and international exit : why and how they are connected : a study on international exit in the Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) context." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7754/.
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Although research on foreign market entry and expansion behaviour has attracted significant interest in the literature, there is a general lack of research (both conceptual and empirical) on the exit behaviour of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) firms. To address this issue, the current study develops a conceptual framework by extending the Environment-Strategy-Performance (ESP) paradigm to include the exit decision as a consequence of current performance. This thesis draws notions from various theories including the ESP paradigm, fit theory, dynamic capabilities (DC) theory, and the theory of competitive advantage. The objective is to take an initial step towards reducing the discrepancy between previous conceptual research and empirical research on exit, by developing a conceptual framework and empirically examining it in the context of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI). It also aims to lay the conceptual foundation for subsequent empirical research on international marketing and international exit. Several research hypotheses are advanced and tested using questionnaire survey data. The main research results show that both dissatisfactory performance of a foreign affiliate, and the internal strategic misfit between a foreign affiliate and its headquarters are important triggers of the exit decision. However, when the moderating role of a foreign affiliate’s marketing capabilities is considered, the impact of strategic misfit on the exit decision becomes not significant, whereas the influence of dissatisfactory performance on the exit decision remains significant. The research results have generated new insights into both international marketing strategy and international exit behaviour. Implications for both headquarters’ managers and foreign affiliates’ managers are also discussed.
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Boudaa, Amar. "Optimisation de sources XUV générées par l'intéraction d'un laser sub-picoseconde avec un gaz rare." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112341.
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Ce travail de modélisation/simulation concerne l'étude d'un laser XUV généré par le schéma OFI dans des cibles gazeuses (krypton a 32. 8 nm et xenon a 41. 8 nm) étudié expérimentalement de façon intensive au LOA (ENSTA, Palaiseau). Le milieu amplificateur est créé dans un état fortement hors équilibre suite a l'interaction avec un laser infra-rouge de haut flux et très bref. L'examen des étapes de la création et de l'évolution de la cinétique atomique a permis de caractériser le plasma et d'envisager l'étude de l'amplification et le transport du rayonnement XUV. Ce dernier point a été considéré en fonction de différents paramètres (pression du gaz, intensité de pompe,. . . ). Un accent particulier a été mis sur l'influence de la dynamique des ions sur la raie d'émission. En effet, la composante ionique du plasma génère par OFI est initialement fortement couplée. Le modèle OCP applique a ce cas prédit des températures ioniques de quelques eV. L'étude des propriétés du laser a la sortie du plasma a montré que le chauffage ionique peut accroitre l'énergie du laser jusqu'a 20% dans le domaine des pressions d'intérêt pratique. D'autre part, des simulations basées sur des équations Maxwell-Bloch ont permis la comparaison entre les cas de très faible cohérence spatiale (ASE) et celui de forte cohérence spatiale (injection des harmoniques dans un amplificateur OFI). Dans ce dernier cas, l'approximation semi-adiabatique peut décrire l'amplification sur de longues distances. Aussi, l'approche semi-adiabatique, permet, même dans le cas injecté, de retrouver les caractéristiques des valeurs moyennes du signal XUV, mais pas celles du profit temporel ou spectral a forte saturationThis work deals with a theoretical study of an optical-field-ionized soft-x-ray laser generated in gas targets (krypton at 32. 8 nm, xenon at 41. 8 nm). These sources are experimentally studied intensively at the LOA (ENSTA, Palaiseau). The amplifying medium is created in a highly nonequilibrium state due to the interaction with a short and intense infrared beam. The steps of creation of the plasma and evolution of the atomic kinetics in the medium were investigated in order to characterize the plasma and to study the amplification and transport of XUV radiation. This latter point was considered depending on different parameters (gas pressure, pump intensity,. . . ). Particular emphasis was placed on the influence of the ion dynamics on the emission line. The ionic component of the OFI plasma is initially strongly coupled. The OCP model applied to this case predicted ion temperatures of the order of a few e V. The properties of the output XUV laser showed that the ionic heating can increase the laser energy up to 20% in the range of pressures of practical interest. On the other hand, simulations based on Maxwell-Bloch equations allowed US to compare the case of very low spatial coherence (AS E) with that of high spatial coherence (injection of harmonics in an OFI amplifier). In this latter case, the semi-adiabatic approximation can describe the amplification over long distances of propagation. Also, the semi-adiabatic approach, allows, even in the case of injected regime, to describe the characteristics of the average values of the XUV signal, but not those of the temporal or spectral profile at saturation
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Caseiro, Luiz Carlos Zalaf. "Novas estratégias de internacionalização de empresas brasileiras: expansão geográfica, determinantes e alternativas de política industrial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-29012014-104503/.
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Após a abertura econômica, empresas brasileiras de diversos setores deram início ou ampliaram seus processos de internacionalização. Esse movimento acentuou-se a partir de 2004, quando os investimentos diretos no exterior das transnacionais brasileiras (IBDs) cresceram em uma magnitude sem precedentes. A recente expansão internacional, entretanto, difere das experiências passadas não apenas no volume dos investimentos, mas também quanto ao seu destino e qualidade, que abarcam um número crescente de países e setores. A presente dissertação contempla uma detalhada caracterização da internacionalização de 148 transnacionais brasileiras nas últimas duas décadas no que diz respeito a sua composição setorial e à localização geográfica dos IBDs. Por meio de análises quantitativas e qualitativas, chegamos a conclusões que desconstroem as ideias recorrentes na literatura acadêmica de que esse movimento estaria restrito a setores intensivos em commodities ou concentrado na América Latina. Ao evidenciarmos as correlações existentes entre os setores de atividade das empresas e suas estratégias de inserção internacional, demonstramos que as empresas mais intensivas em tecnologia buscam a internacionalização primordialmente nos maiores e mais dinâmicos mercados do globo como uma forma de reforçar os laços com os clientes e obter acesso a novos conhecimentos produtivos e tecnologias. Adicionalmente, a presente dissertação procura superar as limitações da perspectiva da gestão das empresas, predominante na literatura acadêmica sobre o tema, ao investigar os determinantes externos da recente intensificação da internacionalização das empresas brasileiras por meio de uma abordagem transdisciplinar. Nesse sentido, contextualiza historicamente a inserção externa das transnacionais brasileiras desde a década de 70 até os dias de hoje, analisando em detalhes os impactos da reestruturação da geografia produtiva internacional, da difusão de novas tecnologias e de fatores macroeconômicos e políticos sobre os fluxos de IBDs. Por meio dessa mudança de perspectiva, é possível alcançar uma melhor compreensão das características da trajetória recente de internacionalização das empresas brasileiras, bem como novas implicações para a formulação de políticas industriais.After economic liberalization, Brazilian companies from several sectors initiated or expanded their internationalization processes. This trend became more pronounced after 2004, when Brazilian outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) grew with an unprecedented magnitude. The recent international expansion, however, differs from past experiences not only in the volume of investments, but also regarding their destiny and quality, covering an increasing number of countries and sectors. This dissertation includes a detailed characterization of the internationalization process of 148 Brazilian transnational companies (TNCs) during the last two decades, with particular reference to their sectoral composition and the geographical location of their OFDI projects. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, this research reaches conclusions that deconstruct the recurring ideas in the academic literature that the internationalization of Brazilian companies would be restricted to commodities intensive sectors or concentrated in Latin America. By revealing the correlations between different sectors of economic activity and their international insertion strategies, we demonstrate that companies from technology-intensive sectors seek internationalization primarily in the largest and most dynamic markets of the world, as a way to strengthen ties with customers and gain access to new knowledge and technologies. Additionally, this dissertation seeks to overcome the limitations of the international business perspective, prevalent in the academic literature on the topic, by investigating the external determinants of the recent intensification of Brazilian OFDI through a transdisciplinary approach. In so doing, this research historically contextualizes the internationalization of Brazilian TNCs from the 70s to the present, analyzing in detail the impacts of the changing geography of international production, the diffusion of new technologies and macroeconomic and political factors on the Brazilian OFDI. This change of perspective allows a better understanding of the characteristics of the recent internationalization of Brazilian companies and also illuminates conclusions that lead to new implications for the formulation of industrial policies.
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Ekiz, Cem. "New Space Organization And Development Alternatives In Metu-tech (metu Technopolis)." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607804/index.pdf.
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The analysis of METU-Technopolis buildings and their space organizations indicates that there are two kinds of designing and planning tendencies in METU-Tech. One of them is Northern European and other one is North American Type of office which are also known as two important office designing approaches in the world. Northern European and North American Type of office organizations have different approaches in shaping office space. While Northern European type places far more emphasis on using office space to support staff morale and thus to add value to organizational performance, North American type tends to overestimate cost minimizations. These two types of designing tendencies in the world have had enormous effects on METU-Tech building design. While some buildings like Silicon Block and Silver block give importance to functions in space, and cost minimizations, others like Twin Building gives more importance to space quality and occupancy needs.
The aim of this study is to introduce these two different kinds of office design approaches in METU-Technopolis by examining Silicon Block, Silver Block and Twin buildings. These buildings have been examined in three main scales which begin with urban design scale, Macro-Scale development, then Middle-Scale development and finally Micro-Scale development and buildings activities in architectural scale. In macro scale, Urban Design Studio&rsquos METU-Tech workings, and in middle- micro scale, advantages and disadvantages of these two space organizations manner have been introduced in detail on Silicon Block, Silver Block and Twin Building. Furthermore, all these three building&rsquo
s statistical information, capacities, and design specifications have been presented in drawings, graphics, and photos.
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Moullin, Benjamin. "Return Migration in Europe: "A comparative analysis of voluntary return's policies and practices in France and Sweden"." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21101.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to study both French and Swedish return migration policies with a practical perspective. The paper constitutes an attempt to understand how governmental institutions (such as migration authorities) deal with return migration and to clarify significant issues related to migrants’ needs for determining a successful return. Through analyzing competent literature and secondary material as starting point,the conducted study gives an interesting approach on the problematic gap between voluntary return policies in theory and in practice.
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Bettaibi, Islam. "Développement et caractérisation des lasers XUV créés par laser femtoseconde." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179321.
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Les sources XUV cohérentes présentent un potentiel important d'applications scientifiques, médicales et industrielles. Le développement des lasers ultra intenses a permis la réalisation de nouvelles sources XUV cohérentes et brèves, comme la génération d'harmonique d'ordre élevée et les lasers XUV. Ces sources sont compactes, peu coûteuses par rapport aux sources classiques telles que les synchrotrons, et présentent donc un intérêt tout particulier.Cette thèse présente une série d'études sur une nouvelle source laser XUV, pompée par un laser femtoseconde fonctionnant à 10 Hz. Un laser ultra intense est focalisé dans une cellule remplie de xénon ou de krypton et crée une colonne de plasma. Une émission laser à 41,8 nm dans le xénon IX ou à 32,8 nm dans le krypton IX est alors obtenue sur l'axe du laser de pompe. Nous avons réalisé une étude à la fois expérimentale et numérique de ce type de source dans le but de caractériser l'importance de différents paramètres tels que l'intensité et polarisation du laser, la pression du gaz et la longueur de la cellule. Cette thèse présente aussi une étude des profils spatiaux et temporels de l'émission laser.
Afin de compenser la réfraction du laser de pompe, nous avons utilisé deux techniques de guidage qui ont permis un allongement significatif de la zone amplificatrice du plasma. La première repose sur la création d'un canal plasma par décharge électrique et la deuxième sur les réflexions sur les parois internes de tubes diélectriques de saphir ou de verre. Dans les deux cas une amélioration spectaculaire des performances de la source a été observée.
Finalement, nous présentons dans ce manuscrit une étude préliminaire sur un autre schéma de pompage de laser X: par photo ionisation en couches internes d'atomes neutres. Nous avons développé un système optique qui devrait permettre la réalisation d'une onde inhomogène femtoseconde absolument nécessaire pour ce type de laser X.
33
Worm, Stefan. "Monitoring of large-scale Cluster Computers." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200700032.
Full textAbstract:
The constant monitoring of a computer is one of the essentials to be up-to-date about its state. This may seem trivial if one is sitting right in front of it but when monitoring a computer from a certain distance it is not as simple anymore. It gets even more difficult if a large number of computers need to be monitored. Because the process of monitoring always causes some load on the network and the monitored computer itself, it is important to keep these influences as low as possible. Especially for a high-performance cluster that was built from a lot of computers, it is necessary that the monitoring approach works as efficiently as possible and does not influence the actual operations of the supercomputer. Thus, the main goals of this work were, first of all, analyses to ensure the scalability of the monitoring solution for a large computer cluster as well as to prove the functionality of it in practise. To achieve this, a classification of monitoring activities in terms of the overall operation of a large computer system was accomplished first. Thereafter, methods and solutions were presented which are suitable for a general scenario to execute the process of monitoring as efficient and scalable as possible. During the course of this work, conclusions from the operation of an existing cluster for the operation of a new, more powerful system were drawn to ensure its functionality as good as possible. Consequently, a selection of applications from an existing pool of solutions was made to find one that is most suitable for the monitoring of the new cluster. The selection took place considering the special situation of the system like the usage of InfiniBand as the network interconnect. Further on, an additional software was developed which can read and process the different status information of the InfiniBand ports, unaffected by the vendor of the hardware. This functionality, which so far had not been available in free monitoring applications, was exemplarily realised for the chosen monitoring software. Finally, the influence of monitoring activities on the actual tasks of the cluster was of interest. To examine the influence on the CPU and the network, the self-developed plugin as well as a selection of typical monitoring values were used exemplarily. It could be proven that no impact on the productive application for typical monitoring intervals can be expected and only for atypically short intervals a minor influence could be determinedDie ständige Überwachung eines Computers gehört zu den essentiellen Dingen, die zu tun sind um immer auf dem Laufenden zu sein, wie der aktuelle Zustand des Rechners ist. Dies ist trivial, wenn man direkt davor sitzt, aber wenn man einen Computer aus der Ferne beobachten soll ist dies schon nicht mehr so einfach möglich. Schwieriger wird es dann, wenn es eine große Anzahl an Rechnern zu überwachen gilt. Da der Vorgang der Überwachung auch immer etwas Netzwerklast und Last auf dem zu überwachenden Rechner selber verursacht, ist es wichtig diese Einflüsse so gering wie möglich zu halten. Gerade dann, wenn man viele Computer zu einem leistungsfähigen Cluster zusammen geschalten hat ist es notwendig, dass diese Überwachungslösung möglichst effizient funktioniert und die eigentliche Arbeit des Supercomputers nicht stört. Die Hauptziele dieser Arbeit sind deshalb Analysen zur Sicherstellung der Skalierbarkeit der Überwachungslösung für einen großen Computer Cluster, sowie der praktische Nachweis der Funktionalität dieser. Dazu wurde zuerst eine Einordnung des Monitorings in den Gesamtbetrieb eines großen Computersystems vorgenommen. Danach wurden Methoden und Lösungen aufgezeigt, welche in einem allgemeinen Szenario geeignet sind, um den ganzheitlichen Vorgang der Überwachung möglichst effizient und skalierbar durchzuführen. Im weiteren Verlauf wurde darauf eingegangen welche Lehren aus dem Betrieb eines vorhandenen Clusters für den Betrieb eines neuen, leistungsfähigeren Systems gezogen werden können um dessen Funktion möglichst gut gewährleisten zu können. Darauf aufbauend wurde eine Auswahl getroffen, welche Anwendung aus einer Menge existierende Lösungen heraus, zur Überwachung des neuen Clusters besonders geeignet ist. Dies fand unter Berücksichtigung der spezielle Situation, zum Beispiel der Verwendung von InfiniBand als Verbindungsnetzwerk, statt. Im Zuge dessen wurde eine zusätzliche Software entwickelt, welche die verschiedensten Statusinformationen der InfiniBand Anschlüsse auslesen und verarbeiten kann, unabhängig vom Hersteller der Hardware. Diese Funktionalität, welche im Bereich der freien Überwachungsanwendungen bisher ansonsten noch nicht verfügbar war, wurde beispielhaft für die gewählte Monitoring Software umgesetzt. Letztlich war der Einfluss der Überwachungsaktivitäten auf die eigentlichen Anwendungen des Clusters von Interesse. Dazu wurden exemplarisch das selbst entwickelte Plugin sowie eine Auswahl an typischen Überwachungswerten benutzt, um den Einfluss auf die CPU und das Netzwerk zu untersuchen. Dabei wurde gezeigt, dass für typische Überwachungsintervalle keine Einschränkungen der eigentlichen Anwendung zu erwarten sind und dass überhaupt nur für untypisch kurze Intervalle ein geringer Einfluss festzustellen war
34
(8817131), Samuel Denton. "OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS TESTBED FOR THE EXPLOITATION OF LUMINESCENCE EMISSIONS OF SOLAR CELLS FOR OPTICAL FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (OFID)." Thesis, 2020.
Find full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the possibility of Optical Frequency Identification (OFID) technology being used as a communication pathway for devices in LiFi systems that serve to open alternative transmission paths for Internet-of-Things infrastructure. LiFi or light-fidelity, plays off the concept of wireless-fidelity, commonly known as WiFi, and follows the trend of moving to higher frequencies within the electromagnetic spectrum. LiFi lies within the visual light and infrared wavelength range, which can be referred to as the nanometer wave range. The developed optical communication testbed is a proof of concept showing that OFID technology, enabled by Gallium Arsenide solar cell emission, can communicate with Visual Light Communication (VLC) systems. The scope of the work entails the development of a testbed for a custom optical communications testbed for OFID linked to VLC communication by sending transmissions via powerline modulation. An optical receiver circuit was developed and tested, and integration and testing for powerline communication and LED luminaire were successful. Manchester encoded data was sent at 4800 bit rate optically from an infrared light source, received by the developed receivers and was decoded. Information was successfully transmitted over powerline from computer terminal to LED luminaire output at 2400, 3600, 4800, 7200, and 9600 bit rate. Integration of these communication links did not occur due to Purdue University closure of campus related activities from COVID-19.
35
(10716282), Xiaozhe Fan. "EXPLOITING LUMINESCENCE EMISSIONS OF SOLAR CELLS FOR INTERNET-OF-THINGS (IOT) APPLICATIONS." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
The Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices have experienced an explosive growth during the last decades. The number of IoT devices is predicted to reach 36.4 billion by 2025, resulting in an urgent demand for high-density and high-capacity network connectivity. Recently, self-powered optical wireless devices have attracted more attention from both academia and industry. Although radio frequency (RF) technologies are readily available for various wireless applications, the RF
communication bands are becoming saturated due to the scarcity of the RF spectrum. Optical wireless communication (OWC) provides an attractive solution to overcome the shortage of RF bands. OWC is also attractive for low-power or even self-powered applications since optical energy is the most abundant in both indoor and outdoor scenarios.
This dissertation explores a new optical communication technique called optical frequency identification (OFID). This technique employs solar cells as an optical antenna, capable of harvesting energy and transmitting/receiving optical information. Transmission of information with a solar cell is achieved by modulating the cell's luminescent emissions. Two OFID system prototypes were designed,
fabricated, evaluated, and discussed.
A series of experiments have been carried out to exploit the feasibility of using a solar cell's luminescence emissions for optical communication and evaluate proposed two OFID system prototypes. This dissertation validated that luminescent emissions from a GaAs solar cell can be modulated for optical communications. Then, two photoluminescence (PL) modulators were proposed and compared in terms of their energy harvesting and communication performances. The first OFID system prototype, based on a dual-aperture reader and a microcontroller-based tag was validated and experimented for a remote temperature sensing application. The second prototype, based on a single-aperture OFID reader and an FPGA-based OFID module, was analyzed with an emphasis on the communication date rate, communication range, tag's cold-startup period and power consumption.
36
Nabais, Pedro Miguel Veloso. "Chinese OFDI in Portugal: can the determinants that move chinese OFDI be applied in the portuguese case?" Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/13618.
Full textAbstract:
Jel Classification: F21, F23This master thesis addresses the recent phenomenon "Chinese investment in Portugal", analyzes the different types of operations, their motivations and main constraints. Finally, it compares its determinants with the determinants of Chinese investments on a global level, in order to verify if Portugal has some specific characteristics in the attraction of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The relevance of this case study relies on the actuality of the phenomenon, and on the direct source of knowledge provided by executives who were linked to the recent operations of Mergers and Acquisitions. As for its structure, the work is divided into four main segments. The first is the literature review that discusses the various theories used, and categorizes the different type of investment, a second point approaches the methodology chosen and the sources of the empirical content, it follows the analysis that combines five case studies of particular importance to the bilateral business framework. Finally, we have a discussion that links the literature review and the empirical cases. We concluded that the Chinese investment in Portugal is mainly focused on strategic assets seeking investments. Initially, these investments had their origin on state-owned enterprises from the energy sector. However, the current investment framework deals already with a greater diversity regarding the business sector, and the origin of investments (private companies).
A presente dissertação de mestrado aborda o recente fenómeno “Investimento Chinês em Portugal”, analisa as diversas operações, as suas motivações e condicionantes. Por fim, compara os seus determinantes, com os determinantes do investimento Chinês à escala global, por forma a verificar se Portugal possui algumas características específicas na atração de Investimento Estrangeiro Direto (IED). A riqueza deste estudo de caso prende-se pela atualidade do tema bem como nos depoimentos diretos prestados por executivos que estiveram ligados às recentes operações de Fusões e Aquisições. Quanto à sua estrutura, o trabalho está dividido em quatro momentos fundamentais. O primeiro é a revisão de literatura que aborda as várias teorias utilizadas e categoriza este tipo de investimentos, um segundo momento diz respeito à metodologia escolhida e respetiva origem dos conteúdos empíricos, segue-se ainda uma análise que combina cinco casos de estudo de interesse particular no panorama bilateral. Por fim segue-se uma discussão que procura relacionar a revisão de literatura com o estudo empírico. Conclui-se que o investimento Chinês em Portugal é principalmente focado na procura de ativos estratégicos; inicialmente, este investimento teve origem em empresas estatais através de operações no sector energético. No entanto, o atual quadro de investimentos conta já com uma maior diversidade quanto ao sector de atividade e quanto à origem dos investimentos (empresas privadas).
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YEH, YU-LIANG, and 葉育良. "China Solar Energy Enterprises Affected by China OFDI Policy." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55manh.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
國際企業學系
105
The policies formulated by the home country government and the direction of the development can determine the ability and performance of domestic enterprises to invest overseas. Institutional theory shows that, in order to survive, enterprises should not only understand the system norms, but also to adapt to the local environment in the rules and beliefs in order to reduce the barriers to the international behavior. China government develops policies to encourage Chinese solar energy companies to support the globalization policy. Solar energy companies in China start foreign direct investment behavior, affecting the performance of solar energy business in China. This research hopes to prove that the solar energy companies in China facing Chinese government embed them, and solar energy companies in China taking foreign direct investment does affect the performance of solar energy companies in China. In order to test the policy requirements of Chinese political parties and the response strategies of solar enterprises, China has become the most suitable stage during the period from 2011 to 2015. This research used narrative statistical analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis as methods. The results are in line with the hypothesis of this study, that is, solar energy companies in China to take direct investment behavior and to face the Chinese government's policy intervention, indeed the performance of solar energy companies in China having a significant positive impact.
38
Lu, I.-yin, and 盧怡吟. "Analysis on Medical Resource Utilization ofIn-patients with Major Trauma." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25666867999328483030.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
醫務管理研究所
101
Major trauma refers to an injury with an injury severity score (ISS) equivalent to or greater than 16. In 2009, the Department of Health, Executive Yuan, included quality of care for patients with major trauma as a required item for the grading and evaluation of hospitals’ emergency medical competency. The trauma registry database and National Health Insurance (NHI) claim data from an emergency response hospital in Southern Taiwan was used in this study. According to retrospective analysis, among the patients admitted to the emergency unit because of trauma between January 2010 and December 2011, 452 matched the criterion of major trauma with an ISS≥16. Based on relevant factors such as patient characteristics, condition of trauma, and trauma first aid, this study examined the differences in patients’ general length of stay (LOS), intensive care LOS (ICULOS), and medical costs. The research results indicate that these major trauma patients were primarily middle-aged men with an average age of 47. The most common mechanism of trauma was primarily blunt force trauma, and 45% were transferred from other hospitals. The traumatized sites in most cases were the head and neck, and three-fourths of the patients possessed at least two traumatized sites. Among the patients admitted for major trauma, 35% exhibited extremely severe trauma (ISS≥25), and 56 died following hospitalization (12.4% mortality rate). The majority of the patients received imaging examinations, and two-thirds received surgical therapy. The average LOS was 19.6 days, and the average ICULOS was 8.7 days. The average cost per admission was NT $269,259.40, in which emergency medical fees accounted for NT $23,795.7. Relevant factors that influenced LOS includes the method of admission, severity of trauma, death during hospitalization, and surgery; whereas only the severity of trauma and surgery were relevant factors that affected ICULOS. Relevant factors that influence medical costs include mechanism of trauma, severity of trauma, and surgery. Factors that influence hospitalization costs include gender, mechanism of trauma, severity of trauma, and surgery. Numerous relevant factors affect emergency medical costs, including age, the total number of traumatized sites, severity of trauma, death during hospitalization, imaging examinations, and surgery. Among these factors, ISS score, surgery, and abdominal trauma all significantly increased all medical resource usage. This study recommends that the Department of Health reference international trends and update the domestic ISS and scoring calculation guidelines to match the latest international standards. The revised ISS can be effectively used as a reference to evaluate patients’ severity of trauma. For NHI, patients who exhibit major trauma should be further divided into groups of severe (ISS between 16 and 24) and extremely severe (ISS≥25). Different medical payment plans should be provided to patients based on their level of care.
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Huang, Chin-Wei, and 黃錦韋. "The Productivity Determinants of Chinese OFDI Firms: A Firm-Level Analysis." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87121894735207481289.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
國際企業學系
101
Recently, people focus on the relationship between home country productivity and foreign direct investment (FDI) within emerging economies. This study takes Chinese firms as an empirical research. The data are from 1999 to 2010 which are selected from the listed firms on Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. The advantages of using firm-level data are easy to distinguish the competitiveness among firms and to design appropriate sustainable policies for policy makers. Therefore, we are trying to integrate the contemporary theoretical views which can explain the determinants of home country productivity. They are the resource-based view of firms, industrial organization economic, and institutional theory. These three dimensions provide multiple views to empirical researches. From our results, the home country productivity of Chinese FDI firms has a positive relationship with capital-labor ratio, education of employees, operating costs, the revelry of industry, and market share, but negative with state-own share. These imply the OFDI firms should downsize, improve the education of employees, involve more input in operating, and increase the market share to boost productivity. We suggest the policy maker create a fair and open-minded environment of industry, and improve the efficiency of Chinese state-owned enterprises.
40
Jian-TingLai and 賴建廷. "Power Consumption and Transmission Efficiency Optimization ofAd-Hoc Network with Timeslots." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7r6u4f.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
電腦與通信工程研究所
102
We need to think much problem when setting communication system. In recent years, power consumption problem is more important. This thesis discusses power consumption optimization of Ad-Hoc network with timeslots. When we set communication system, considering cross-layer optimization by referring OSI(Open System Interconnection Reference Model) model. The mathematical model associates to power, half-duplex and timeslots. It's a MIFP(Mixed Integer Fractional Programming). We use mathematical skill to relax our model. Such as relaxing integer variable, log term by piecewise-RLT(Reformulation-Linearization Technique) and CCT(Charnes Cooper Transform). Hence our model becomes a LP(linear programming). Finally, we apply CPLEX to solve our problem. According to the result,we discuss the best path and the requiring number of timeslots.
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Hsu, En-Jui, and 許恩睿. "Effects of OFDI on Employment and Skill Upgrading in Home Economy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h7w6n2.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
國際企業學系
107
This research is to discuss effects of foreign direct investment on employment and skill upgrading in home economy. China is Taiwan's main trade target, and the electronics industry is a very important industry in Taiwan. Therefore, we take the electronics industry as the research object. Research interval is from 1991 to 2017. The results show that foreign direct investment and investment in China have a positive impact on employment, while technology upgrades have a positive impact on foreign direct investment, while negative impact on Chinese investment..
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Mendes, Júlio Guilherme Branco Soares Faria. "Morfodinâmica da praia de Ofir em diferentes estados de agitação marítima." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71088.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia CivilO fenómeno da erosão costeira afeta gravemente a costa portuguesa, sendo os seus principais agentes erosivos o vento, a maré e a agitação marítima. Não obstante, existem, ainda, outras causas de origem antropogénica que estão na origem de processos erosivos recentes. Com efeito, é fulcral a caracterização da hidrodinâmica, que constitui o primeiro passo em muitos estudos sobre a orla costeira, bem como a caracterização da agitação marítima da costa. O trabalho desenvolvido focou-se na praia de Ofir. Consistiu na realização de levantamentos topográficos de alta precisão com auxílio de equipamento DGPS e na medição de estados de agitação marítima, na zona em estudo, com o auxílio do sensor de pressão TWR-2050. O objetivo foi contribuir para a compreensão e avaliação de alterações morfológicas em diferentes estados de agitação e tipologia de maré, bem como realizar uma caracterização dos estados de agitação marítima da praia. Uma vez que só foram realizadas duas campanhas na praia, no dia 1 de maio e 28 de maio de 2018, recorreu-se aos levantamentos topográficos efetuados em 2017 Gomes (2017) para comparação com o levantamento efetuado a 1 e 28 de maio de 2018. Foram realizadas três sessões de trabalhos de campo na Praia de Ofir. A primeira campanha teve como finalidade adquirir experiência no manuseamento dos equipamentos (DGPS e sensor TWR-2050) e analisar posições estratégicas para instalação do sensor de pressão. A segunda visita ao terreno ocorreu no dia 1 de maio de 2018, onde foram realizados os levantamentos topográficos bem como a instalação do sensor TWR-2050 para medição da agitação no período de monitorização. E para finalizar, a terceira campanha ocorreu a 28 de maio e serviu para realizar um levantamento topográfico da praia que cobrisse na íntegra o areal compreendido entre o esporão norte e o sul. Após a fase de recolha e análise dos dados das medições em campo, foi criado um modelo de agitação no software Delft3D com vista a simular os estados verificados em campanha. Assim, a caracterização de estados de agitação marítima foi concebida através da comparação de dados registados no sensor de pressão (TWR-2050), e os resultados das simulações efetuadas pelo software Delft3D, bem como os registos cedidos pelo Instituto Hidrográfico registados pela boia do porto de Leixões. No final são apresentados todos os resultados e análises das medições e do modelo numérico de modo a avaliar as diferenças verificadas no período em análise.
The phenomenon of coastal erosion seriously affects the Portuguese coast, its main agents being erosion wind, tide and sea agitation. Nevertheless, there are still other causes of anthropogenic origin that are the origin of recent erosive processes. In fact, hydrodynamic characterization, which is the first step in many studies of the coastline, as well as the characterization of coastal sea agitation, is crucial. The work developed focused on the beach of Ofir. It consisted in the realization of topographic surveys of high precision with the aid of DGPS equipment and in the measurement of states of marine agitation, in the zone under study, with the aid of the pressure sensor TWR-2050. The objective was to contribute to the understanding and evaluation of morphological alterations in different states of tide agitation and typology, as well as to perform a characterization of the states of marine agitation of the beach. Since only two campaigns were carried out on the beach, on May 1st and on May 28th, 2018, topographic surveys were carried out in 2017 Gomes (2017) for comparison with the survey carried out on May 1st and on 28th, 2018. Three fieldwork sessions were carried out at Praia de Ofir. The first campaign was aimed at gaining experience in handling equipment (DGPS and TWR-2050 sensor) and analyzing strategic positions for pressure sensor installation. The second visit to the field, as already mentioned, took place on May 1st, 2018, where the topographic surveys were carried out, as well as the installation of the TWR-2050 sensor to measure the agitation during the monitoring period. To conclude, the third campaign took place on May 28th and served to carry out a topographic survey of the beach that covered in full the sand between the north and south spurs. After the phase of data collection and analysis of the field measurements, a model of agitation was created in the Delft3D software to simulate the states verified in the campaign. Thus, the characterization of maritime agitation states was conceived by comparing data recorded on the pressure sensor (TWR-2050), and the results of the simulations carried out by the Delft3D software, as well as the records provided by the Hydrographic Institute registered by the port buoy of Leixões. At the end, all the results and analyzes of the measurements and the numerical model are presented in order to evaluate the differences verified in the period under analysis.
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Dong, Cong Hua, and 董從驊. "Organizational Legitimacy under Conditions of Complexity：The Empirical Evidence from OFDI of China." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u9qu32.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
國際企業學系
103
Multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the context of globalization and three types of complexity of organizational legitimacy (the proper environment, justify the organization, justified the process) to discuss multinational enterprises in the host country typically face legitimacy challenge. In this paper, we mainly discuss Chinese multinational enterprises (CMNEs), because of China different political systems and market, but also developed some differences with other countries in foreign direct investment. China fight for initiative in the international market, to implement the "going out" strategy to support Chinese enterprises to participate in international markets. We based on Kostova and Zaheer published in 1999 about theoretical of organizational legitimacy. We propose hypothesis: number of investment country, institution distance, internal and external conflict, internal and external legitimacy will be moderated by internal or external support, liability of foreigness (bounded rationality and stereotype), enterprises size, internationalization experience, legitimacy spillover. We used panel data of 2707observations from 299 listed MNEs during 2000-2011 in China and we measured dependent variable: degree of legitimacy as the number of company invested country per period and per investment to run panel regression analysis. We found number of countries of FDI, institutional distance, the degree of investment dispersion, company capital, investment gain or loss are significantly affect the legitimacy of the degree, and the same with our hypothesis established.
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Tsai, Po-Chuan, and 蔡博全. "An Empirical Study of the Operating Performance ofIC Design Industry in Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44324163029305535518.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
經濟學研究所
103
Taiwan''s IC design industry has achieved success for recent 30 years. Therefore, the factors which impact IC design industry''s operating performance are worth to discuss. Most of the related papers focus on financial ratio to analyze operating performance. However, the IC design industry''s operating performance may be affected by macroeconomic factors. It''s not appropriate to analyze operating performance only with financial ratio. So, this paper would choose financial factors, macroeconomics factors and government policies as explanatory variables to analyze IC design industry''s operating performance. The financial factors include assets, receivable turnover, inventory turnover, fixed asset turnover, research & development expense. The macroeconomics factors and government policies include exchange rate of USD to NTD, export orders for electronic items, b/b ratio, weighted stock index-electron, government spending, monetary aggregate. We use pre-tax income to evaluate operating performance. This paper focuses on 6 IC design companies listed on Taiwan Stock Exchange, including MediaTek, Novatek, Sonix, Holtek, Richtek and Sitronix, and uses quarterly report of these companies for 2004 to 2012. The financial crisis broke out in 2008, we will analyze the difference between 2004Q1 to 2008Q3 and 2008Q4 to 2012Q4. By empirical results, all explanatory variables have obvious positive effect on 2004 to 2012 model. Considering financial factors, macroeconomics factors and government policies as explanatory variables, which has higher explanatory power. Considering the model 2004Q1 to 2008Q3 and 2008Q4 to 2012Q4, empirical results show model 2004Q1 to 2008Q3 and 2008Q4 to 2012Q4 have higher explanatory power than model 2004 to 2012. Before financial crisis, financial factors significantly affected pre-tax income. However, macroeconomics factors and government policies significantly affected pre-tax income after financial crisis. The lag term of b/b ratio, which have positive effect to pre-tax income. It shows that the b/b ratio is a leading indicator of Taiwan''s IC design industry. But the lag term of research & development expense does not have significant influence to pre-tax income.
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Ferreira, Nuno Duarte Vasconcelos Teixeira Alves. "Desenhar a frente atlântica de Ofir: um equipamento que aproxima o mar." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/55821.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado integrado em ArquitecturaEste trabalho de projeto experimenta uma possibilidade de transformação do território que procura agregar o conceito de defesa com a criação de espaço público. Tendo em consideração um conjunto de características base dos sistemas de proteção da costa é desenvolvido um equipamento cujos espaços têm uma vertente lúdica e pedagógica que simultaneamente procura dramatizar positivamente as relações com o atlântico. Partindo do percorrer de uma porção da faixa costeira da zona norte, realiza-se uma documentação fotográfica e análise territorial capaz de identificar o lugar de intervenção Ofir, contextualizando a problemática da erosão da orla costeira. A partir do valor, caracterização e análise da evolução territorial do lugar escolhido elabora-se uma estratégia que, baseando-se na ideia de defesa de um lugar, se ramifica para o estudo e compreensão da variabilidade e transformações causadas pela maré e para o trabalho de espaço público, numa lógica de requalificação da plataforma existente e sua expansão em direção ao mar. Um edifício que, mantendo a sua forma, potencia diversas formas de atravessamento e apropriação. O que distingue essas possiblidades é maior ou menor interação com a frente marítima.
This work trys a possibility of transformation of territory that seeks to add the concept of defense with the criation of public space.Taking into account a set of basic characteristics of the systems of protection of the coast is developed an equipment whose spaces have a ludic and pedagogical aspect that simultaneously tries to dramatize positively the relations with the Atlantic. Starting from the coastal zone of the north zone, it is made a photographic documentation and territorial analysis able to identify the place of intervention Ofir, contextualizing the problematic of the erosion of the coastline. contextualizing the problem of coastal erosion are carried out., a photographic documentation and territorial analysis capable of identifying the place of intervention of Ofir, contextualizing the problem of erosion of coastlines. Based on the value, characterization and analysis of the territorial evolution of the chosen place, is elaborated a strategy that studies the variations and transformations caused by the tide and the work of public space in a logic of requalification of the existing platform and its expansion toward the sea. A building that, keeping its shape, enables diverse forms of crossing and appropriation. What distinguishes those possibilities is the greater or lesser interaction with the seafront.
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Chang, Chia-Hao, and 張家豪. "A Study of Condensation Heat Transfer ofDi-electric Fluid in Parallel Micro-channels." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/as6sbm.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
能源與冷凍空調工程系碩士班
102
This study investigates the condensation heat transfer of di-electric fluid , FC-72 and HFE-7100, in parallel micro-channels of 1 mm by 1 mm and 250 mm in length, with three-side cooled. Test module is made by copper block. The cooling water flows in a channel on the bottom of the copper block. The saturation temperature of the inlet of test section is 58.12-62.87 oC for FC-72 and 62.35-64.93 oC for HFC-7100. The fluid volume flow rate varied from 30 to 150 ml/min. The test results showed that the heat transfer coefficient increased as volume flow rate. Condensation heat transfer coefficient of HFE-7100 was higher than that of FC-72 in parallel micro-channels. The average condensation heat transfer coefficient for HFE-7100 and FC-72 were 4.54–5.55 and 3.91–4.68, respectively. The condensation heat transfer coefficient increases with increasing volume flow rate because of the increased interfacial shear stress and resulting liquid film thinning. The average condensation heat transfer coefficient of HFE-7100 is higher than that of FC-72 by 18-21%.
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HUANG, CHUNG-YEN, and 黃重諺. "Taiwanese IT Firm’s OFDI and Market Share: Transboundary Comparison between China and ASEAN." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f86bk4.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中國文化大學
行銷碩士學位學程碩士班
107
The industrial clustering of OFDI on home export to the market share in host market has been so far rarely explored in existing papers. One of the reasons for a lack of such research may be that there are none in the world like Taiwanese IT firms which have directed so much of their OFDI to China and have replicated industry clustering in China. This study examines the clustering effec of OFDI in China and ASEAN 5 by Taiwan’s IT firms on the share of Taiwanese IT products in China and ASEAN 5 during the period of 1992-2015(China) and 1999-2015(ASEAN 5). The data are collected for electronic parts and components manufacturing and computers, electronic and optical products manufacturing that have the largest accumulative OFDI, have the most advantage in export competitiveness, and have the most significant clustering synergy from vertical integration and interdependence. The results show that(1) the positive association of the assumulative OFDI in China made by both Taiwanese electronic parts and components & computers, electronic and optical products manufacturing to the market share of electronic parts and components in the China market;(2) the negative association of the accumulative OFDI in ASEAN 5 made by Taiwanese computers, electronic and optical products manufacturing to the market share of electronic parts and components in the ASEAN 5 market;(3) the positive association of the accumulative OFDI in ASEAN 5 made by Taiwanese computers, electronic and optical products manufacturing to the market share of the products of the kind in the ASEAN 5 market. Keyword: IT firms, OFDI, market share, clustering effects
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Lin, Ta-Jen, and 林大仁. "A Study on Perceived Effectiveness ofIn-service Education Among VocationalSchool Directors of Divisions." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2gzt9u.
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Lousan, Inês de Sousa Pereira Cubeles. "Refúgio no pinhal. Projecto de uma habitação de veraneio no pinhal de Ofir." Dissertação, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/113887.
Full textAbstract:
A presente dissertação aborda a construção de uma habitação de veraneio nopinhal de Ofir, que proporciona a quem a vive, uma íntima relação com a envolvente,e ainda a proximidade com o mar. A proposta surge de uma vontade de regressara um lugar, onde existe já uma casa. Esta, no entanto, não tem mais possibilidadede abrigar todos os elementos da família que decidiu erguê-la, e além disso sofreinvasões constantes devido à falta de protecção significativa nos limites do terreno, eà fragilidade dos elementos que deveriam assegurar a segurança do edifício.Apresenta-se o processo de trabalho em três partes. Primeiro umacontextualização e investigação, acerca da construção inicial em 1980, valorizandoa opinião do proprietário sobre a mesma. Segue-se a evolução do projecto da novahabitação que envolve: o contacto com o cliente,o financiamento, e elaboração deum programa, a definição formal e organização do exterior, o desenho dos espaços,e finalmente a procura de uma solução construtiva que permita a simplificaçãoe sistematização da obra . Em conclusão, realiza-se uma reflexão, sobre o métodoadoptado, e um percurso, que apresenta os vários momentos vividos desde a saída dacidade à presença em cada espaço da casa.The following dissertation approaches the construction of a summer house inthe pinewood of Ofir, which offers to the ones who live it an intimate relationship withits surroundings, and also the proximity with the sea. The proposal arises from a willto return to a place, where a house already exists. This one, however, can no longershelter all the members of the family that decided to build it, and besides that, it suffersfrom constant invasions due to the significant lack of protection on boundaries of thespace, and fragility of the elements that should assure the safety of the building.The work process is presented in three parts. First, a contextualization andinvestigation about the initial construction in 1980, valuing the owner's opinion.Follows the evolution of the project which envolves: the contact with the client, thefinancing and development of a program, the formal definition and outdoor organizing,the design of interior spaces, and finally the search for a constructive solution thatallows the simplification and systematization of the building process. In conclusion,a reflection is made, about the adopted method, and also a route, which presents thevarious moments lived since leaving the city until the presence in each space of thehouse.
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Lousan, Inês de Sousa Pereira Cubeles. "Refúgio no pinhal. Projecto de uma habitação de veraneio no pinhal de Ofir." Master's thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/113887.
Full textAbstract:
A presente dissertação aborda a construção de uma habitação de veraneio nopinhal de Ofir, que proporciona a quem a vive, uma íntima relação com a envolvente,e ainda a proximidade com o mar. A proposta surge de uma vontade de regressara um lugar, onde existe já uma casa. Esta, no entanto, não tem mais possibilidadede abrigar todos os elementos da família que decidiu erguê-la, e além disso sofreinvasões constantes devido à falta de protecção significativa nos limites do terreno, eà fragilidade dos elementos que deveriam assegurar a segurança do edifício.Apresenta-se o processo de trabalho em três partes. Primeiro umacontextualização e investigação, acerca da construção inicial em 1980, valorizandoa opinião do proprietário sobre a mesma. Segue-se a evolução do projecto da novahabitação que envolve: o contacto com o cliente,o financiamento, e elaboração deum programa, a definição formal e organização do exterior, o desenho dos espaços,e finalmente a procura de uma solução construtiva que permita a simplificaçãoe sistematização da obra . Em conclusão, realiza-se uma reflexão, sobre o métodoadoptado, e um percurso, que apresenta os vários momentos vividos desde a saída dacidade à presença em cada espaço da casa.The following dissertation approaches the construction of a summer house inthe pinewood of Ofir, which offers to the ones who live it an intimate relationship withits surroundings, and also the proximity with the sea. The proposal arises from a willto return to a place, where a house already exists. This one, however, can no longershelter all the members of the family that decided to build it, and besides that, it suffersfrom constant invasions due to the significant lack of protection on boundaries of thespace, and fragility of the elements that should assure the safety of the building.The work process is presented in three parts. First, a contextualization andinvestigation about the initial construction in 1980, valuing the owner's opinion.Follows the evolution of the project which envolves: the contact with the client, thefinancing and development of a program, the formal definition and outdoor organizing,the design of interior spaces, and finally the search for a constructive solution thatallows the simplification and systematization of the building process. In conclusion,a reflection is made, about the adopted method, and also a route, which presents thevarious moments lived since leaving the city until the presence in each space of thehouse.