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Journal articles on the topic 'Ogaden'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Van Hauwermeiren, Remco. "The Ogaden War: Somali women’s roles." Afrika Focus 25, no. 2 (February 25, 2012): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02502003.

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In 1977 Somalia invaded Ethiopia hoping to seize the Ogaden, an Ethiopian region predominantly inhabited by ethnic Somali. Histories of this event are rare and focus exclusively on the political and military aspects of the conflict. This is not surprising given the Cold War backdrop of the conflict. This article, however, shifts the focus away from the political towards the personal. Focus here is on the different roles Ogadeni women took up in the Somali-Ethiopian war, also known as the Ogaden war. Through interviews with former actors in the conflict it became clear that women occupied a range of roles in the war, varying from victims or care-givers to active participants in militias and front-line combat. In conflicts today, Somali women still retain many of these roles. Originally some Somalis did oppose this state of affairs, today most seem to have accepted the phenomenon of female actors in the Ogaden war, even though that approval can be linked with a political agenda. Both Ogadeeni and Somali women were active in the war, transcending Somali clan lines along the way. Accounts of the women interviewed illustrate the effects of their choice to participate in the Ogaden war.

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2

HOGG, RICHARD. "Famine in the Ogaden." Disasters 15, no. 3 (September 1991): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7717.1991.tb00461.x.

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3

Pal, Sanjoy Kumar, and Yesihak Yusuf Mummed. "Investigation of haemoglobin polymorphism in Ogaden cattle." Veterinary World 7, no. 4 (April 2014): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.229-233.

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4

Khalif, Mohamud H. "The politics of famine in the Ogaden." Review of African Political Economy 27, no. 84 (June 2000): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056240008704465.

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5

Jackson, Donna R. "The Ogaden War and the Demise of Détente." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 632, no. 1 (October 22, 2010): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716210378833.

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6

Teitz, H. H. "THE OGADEN BASIN, ETHIOPIA: AN UNDEREXPLORED SEDIMENTARY BASIN." Journal of Petroleum Geology 14, no. 1 (January 1991): x—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1991.tb00292.x.

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7

Arconada-Ledesma, Pablo. "La mediación de la Organización de la Unidad Africana durante los conflictos del Cuerno de África (1963-1991)." Estudios de Asia y África 56, no. 3 (January 12, 2021): 485–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/eaa.v56i3.2695.

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Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de profundizar en el papel de la Organización de la Unidad Africana (OUA) en la resolución y la mediación de conflictos en la región del Cuerno de África durante el periodo de la Guerra Fría. Actualmente hay una controversia en torno a su actuación en estos procesos y es necesario examinar su actividad en la zona. De este modo, a través de un análisis de los documentos de la institución regional que hacen referencia a los conflictos de Ogaden (1964), la guerra de los Shifta (1963-1967) y la segunda guerra de Ogaden (1977-1978), se pretende arrojar un poco de luz sobre un tema específico que puede resultar muy novedoso. Para esta investigación se revisó la bibliografía de fuentes documentales de la OUA y la ONU, así como de artículos de prensa.

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8

Demissew, Sebsebe, and Maurizio Dioli. "A New Aloe (Aloaceae) Species from Ogaden (Southeastern Ethiopia)." Kew Bulletin 55, no. 3 (2000): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4118784.

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9

LEWIS, I. M. "THE OGADEN AND THE FRAGILITY OF SOMALI SEGMENTARY NATIONALISM." African Affairs 88, no. 353 (October 1989): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098217.

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10

Hunegnaw, A., L. Sage, and R. Gonnard. "HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL OF THE INTRACRATONIC OGADEN BASIN, SE ETHIOPIA." Journal of Petroleum Geology 21, no. 4 (October 1998): 401–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1998.tb00793.x.

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11

Hagmann, Tobias. "Punishing the periphery: legacies of state repression in the Ethiopian Ogaden." Journal of Eastern African Studies 8, no. 4 (August 13, 2014): 725–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2014.946238.

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12

Oljira, Temesgen, Matthew E. Nton, and Oluwadayo O. Sonibare. "Organic Geochemical Evaluation of Shale Units of Bokh Formation, Ogaden Basin, Ethiopia." Open Journal of Geology 10, no. 05 (2020): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2020.105025.

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13

Hagmann, Tobias, and Benedikt Korf. "Agamben in the Ogaden: Violence and sovereignty in the Ethiopian–Somali frontier." Political Geography 31, no. 4 (May 2012): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2011.12.004.

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14

MÈGE, Daniel, Peter G. PURCELL, Antoine BÉZOS, and Fred JOURDAN. "The Ogaden Dyke Swarm: Red Sea Rifting Continued in the Somalia Plate?" Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition 90, s1 (October 2016): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1755-6724.12885.

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15

Flachowsky, G., and Alemu Yami. "Composition, Digestibility and Feed Intake of Opuntia Ficus Indica by Ogaden Sheep." Archiv für Tierernaehrung 35, no. 8 (August 1985): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450398509425223.

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16

Haile, Semere. "The Origins and Demise of the Ethiopia-Eritrea Federation." Issue 15 (1987): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700505988.

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In the late 1970s, the Ethiopia-Eritrea conflict and the Ethiopia-Somalia border war over the Ogaden region has centered world attention on Soviet-Cuban activities in the Horn of Africa. Although the Somali army was defeated by the combined powers of the Ethiopians and the Soviet-Cuban forces in mid-March 1978, the tension between the two countries was still high. Among the other problems facing the region is that of the Eritrean struggle for self-determination.

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17

Negussie, Fasil, Mengistu Urge, Yoseph Mekasha, and Getachew Animut. "Effects of Different Feeding Regimes on Leather Quality of Finished Blackhead Ogaden Sheep." Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 4, no. 2 (April 6, 2016): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v4i2.29.

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18

Flachowsky, G., Tesfaye Ayalew, Tegene Negesse, and Kano Banjaw. "Feeding poultry litter to grazing Boran Zebu bulls and Ogaden sheep in Ethiopia." Archiv für Tierernaehrung 35, no. 7 (July 1985): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450398509425211.

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19

Ododa, Harry. "Somalia's domestic politics and foreign relations since the Ogaden war of 1977–78." Middle Eastern Studies 21, no. 3 (July 1985): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263208508700630.

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20

Worku, Tamrat, and Timothy R. Astin. "The Karoo sediments (Late Palaeozoic to Early Jurassic) of the Ogaden Basin, Ethiopia." Sedimentary Geology 76, no. 1-2 (February 1992): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(92)90136-f.

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21

Yadete, Getahun Kebede. "Effect of Concentrate Supplementation on Performances of Ethiopian Lowland Afar and Blackhead Ogaden Lambs." Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2, no. 2 (2014): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20140202.14.

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22

Milius, Susan. "Life: Oops, botanists missed that tree: Newly found acacia common in Ethiopia's Ogaden region." Science News 175, no. 11 (September 30, 2009): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.2009.5591751106.

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23

Brassier, Martin, and Shigut Geleta. "A planktonic marker and Callovian—Oxfordian fragmentation of Gondwana: Data from Ogaden basin, ethiopia." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 104, no. 1-4 (September 1993): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(93)90129-7.

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24

Mège, Daniel, Laetitia Le Deit, Tewodros Rango, and Tesfaye Korme. "Gravity tectonics of topographic ridges: Halokinesis and gravitational spreading in the western Ogaden, Ethiopia." Geomorphology 193 (July 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.018.

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25

Hussein, A. Shek, M. I. Yussuf, G. Tarsitani, and A. Curti. "Nutritional State of Children in Jalalaksi Refugee Camps, Somalia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 3 (1985): 305–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065924.

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AbstractMigration of whole populations, driven by natural calamities or war in search for safe territory, has come to the attention of International Organizations. The sanitary situation of refugee camps in Somalia which take care of the nomad populations arriving from the contested Ogaden territory, has been studied in Nov.-Dec. 1980 at the refugee camp of 3alalaksi. A study of the environment and organization of the camp was made to examine housing, water supply, sewage and alimentation. The nutritional state of refugees was recorded. The anthropometric data of 1185 children, including weight, height and arm circumference according to age and sex have provided interesting comparisons.

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26

Zeleke, Wondim Tiruneh. "Leading Factors for the Somalian Invasion of Ogaden: Foreign Intervention, and the Ethiopian Response (1977-1978)." International Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 6 (May 25, 2018): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v6i6.3301.

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The main objective of this paper is to assess the historical out line on the Dynamics of Conflict and Intervention in North -East Africa: The Case Study on the Second Ethio- Somalian (Ogaden) War of 1977-1978. Hence, the Ogaden war, a brief but costly war fought between Ethiopia and Somalia that ended by the defeat of Somalia and her withdrawal in January, 1978 was seen differently by different sides. Opposing foreign intervention in civil wars has also been a central phenomenon of international politics. The war was aggravated by outsiders for many years and in 1970s, above all by the superpowers, namely, the USA and USSR, and also by their contingents. At the heart of the issues underlying the War in the Horn of Africa lie three legacies of the past: namely; European colonial rule; Somali irredentism; and superpowers intervention/ Afyare Abdi Elmi and Abdullahi Barise; 2006:45/. This conflict can be viewed as a meaningless tragedy for the people of the Horn of Africa in general and Somalia in particular. I argue that competition for resources and power, repression by the military regime and the colonial legacy are the background causes of the conflict. Politicized clan identity, the availability of weapons and the presence of a large number of unemployed youth have exacerbated the problem. With regard to the obstacles to peace, we contend that Ethiopia’s hostile policy, the absence of major power interest, lack of resources and the warlords’ lack of interest in peace are the major factors that continue to haunt the Somali peace process. Finally, the study propose ambitious peace-building mechanisms that attempt to address the key areas of security, political governance, economic development and justice in order to build a durable peace in Somalia.

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27

Yihun, Belete Belachew. "Ethiopian foreign policy and the Ogaden War: the shift from “containment” to “destabilization,” 1977–1991." Journal of Eastern African Studies 8, no. 4 (August 13, 2014): 677–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2014.947469.

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28

Negussie, Fasil, Mengistu Urge, Yosef Mekasha, and Getachew Animut. "Effect of Feeding Regimes on Measurements of Carcass Dimensional and Proximate Composition of Blackhead Ogaden Sheep." OALib 02, no. 06 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1101589.

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29

DeStefanis, B., and A. G. Lucia. "Italian Aid in Qorioley Refugee Camps, Somalia." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 3 (1985): 302–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065912.

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AbstractItalian physicians who, from Oct. 1979 to April 1981 directed an emergency medical team in the Ogaden refugee camps of the Qorioley district of Somalia, report on location, general set-up, vital statistics, health aspects, water and food supply, sanitation, disposal of waste matter, health hazards, spread and control of diseases, health education, and planning of health services and health teams.Invited by the Caritas of Somalia and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) office in Mogadishu, Somalia, from October 15, 1979 to December 31, 1980, two Italian medical teams of the Associazione Universitaria per la Cooperazione Internazionale (AUCI) worked among the Ogaden Refugees in 3 camps of the Qorioley District, lower Shabelli Region of Somalia. Each team consisted of one physician and 2 registered nurses. The Qorioley district, about 140 km SW of Mogadishu, has high day-time temperatures and high humidity throughout the year. The day to night temperature gradients are high. Strong winds are blowing to and from the Indian Ocean.The 3 camps had been set up in the bush, on the right bank of the Shabelli river, about 8 km NW of Qorioley Town. The refugees in these camps were of Somali extraction and of Muslin culture and religion. They were housed in large military tents, aqal (round roofed skin covered hut of nomads), “mundul” (circular grass-thatched hut built around a central pole) and “arysh” (rectangular hut, corrugated iron tile roofs), aggregated at a very high density. More than 5000 people lived on one hectar. It was so crowded lhat there was no more space than 1.5 m2 of shelter per person. They lacked all hygienic services.Each camp had a food storage hut (mud walled with corrugated iron roof) and 2-3 water collection ponds, fed from the river. At the time of our arrival, two “arysh” with a total of 20 beds were in use for non-ambulatory patients. Scattered in the camps there were 6 “medical posts.”

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30

Mummed, Yesihak Yusuf. "Milk yield estimation of Ogaden cattle breed based on methods of weigh–suckle–weigh and calves’ growth." Tropical Animal Health and Production 44, no. 4 (September 9, 2011): 785–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-011-9968-0.

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31

Godfrey, Samuel, Getachew Hailemichael, and Charles Serele. "Deep Groundwater as an Alternative Source of Water in the Ogaden Jesoma Sandstone Aquifers of Somali Region, Ethiopia." Water 11, no. 8 (August 20, 2019): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081735.

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Between 2015 and 2018, the Horn of Africa was affected by a series of climatic-induced events, namely El Nino, La Nina, and the Indian Ocean Dipole. These events modified the variability of rainfall patterns and resulted in extended periods of low rainfall, low recharge, and high evapotranspiration. That situation prompted humanitarian water professionals to finance the transportation of water from selected locations with high groundwater potential through water trucks to areas facing groundwater depletion and drought. To mitigate this, UNICEF identified alternative water supplies by exploring sustainable deeper groundwater sources. This paper describes a three-phase methodology of deep groundwater development of wells in the Ogaden Jesoma sandstone aquifers of the Somali region of the Horn of Africa, to a depth of 600 m below ground level. The methodology included the development of groundwater suitability maps using geological and remote sensing data, hydrogeological ground truthing of the maps, and then test drilling at the selected locations. The results concluded that the deep sandstone aquifer of Jesoma can provide fresh water with yields of 15 L/s to the local population of the Somali region. The study provided insights into deep groundwater identification and development as well as adaptive deep borehole drilling as a source for climate-resilient water supplies.

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32

Bekele, T. "Studies on Seasonal Dynamics of Ticks of Ogaden Cattle and Individual Variation in Resistance to Ticks in Eastern Ethiopia." Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B 49, no. 6 (August 2002): 285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00567.x.

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33

Strong, R. A. ""Buried in the Sands of the Ogaden": The United States, the Horn of Africa, and the Demise of Detente." Journal of American History 101, no. 1 (May 22, 2014): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jau323.

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34

Hagmann, Tobias. "Beyond clannishness and colonialism: understanding political disorder in Ethiopia's Somali Region, 1991–2004." Journal of Modern African Studies 43, no. 4 (October 24, 2005): 509–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x05001205.

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This article proposes an alternative interpretation of political disorder in Ethiopia's Somali Regional State since the rise to power of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) in 1991. Some observers have perceived contemporary politics in the former Ogaden as an example of ‘internal colonisation’ by highland Ethiopians. Others attribute political instability to the ‘nomadic culture’ inherent in the Somali clan structure and the ineptness of its political leaders. This study argues that neither of these two politicised narratives grasps the contradictory interactions between the federal Ethiopian government and its Somali periphery, nor the recursive relations between state and society. With reference to the literature on neo-patrimonialism, I elucidate political disorder in the Somali Region by empirically describing hybrid political domination, institutional instability, and patronage relations, showing how neo-patrimonial rule translates into contested statehood in the region and political devices ranging from military coercion to subtle co-optation. Rather than unilateral domination, a complex web of power and manipulation between parts of the federal and regional authorities animates political disorder in Ethiopia's Somali Region.

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35

Eruvbetine, A. E., and Solomon Ombatsola Azumurana. "Melancholia and the search for the lost object in Farah’s Maps." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 54, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tvl.v.54i1.9.

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Maps, given its intriguing narrative thrusts and multi-axial thematic concerns, is arguably the most studied or analysed of Nur- rudin Farah's nine prose fictions. The novel's title as well as its synopsis has naturally dictated the focus of critics on the Western Somalia Liberation Front's war efforts geared towards liberating the Ogaden from Ethiopian suzerainty and restoring it to Somalia. The nationalist fervour, the war it precipitates and its fallouts of a strife-ridden milieu have such a pervading presence in the novel that the personal experiences of the novel's two major characters, Askar and Misra, are quite often discussed as basic allegories of ethnic and nationalistic rivalries. This paper focuses on the personal experiences of Farah's two major characters. It contends that the private story of Askar and Misra is so compelling and central to the many issues broached in the novel that it deserves significant critical attention. Drawing upon Sigmund Freud's and Melanie Klein's concepts of melancholia, the paper explores how central the characters' haunting sense of melancholia is to the happenings in Farah's Maps.

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36

Urgesa, Yohannes, Getachew Animut, and Mohammed Yusuf. "Supplementation of different level of corn silage with linseed meal on performance of black head Ogaden sheep fed grass hay." Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 4, no. 3 (August 29, 2016): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v4i3.16.

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37

Mekasha, Y., A. Tegegne, and H. Rodriguez-Martinez. "Feed Intake and Sperm Morphology in Ogaden Bucks Supplemented with Either Agro-industrial By-products or Khat (Catha edulis) Leftover." Reproduction in Domestic Animals 43, no. 4 (August 2008): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00931.x.

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38

Lockyer, Adam. "Opposing Foreign Intervention’s Impact on the Warfare in Civil Wars: the case of the Ethiopian-Ogaden Civil War, 1976–1980." African Security 11, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19392206.2018.1480141.

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39

Mège, D., P. Purcell, A. Bézos, F. Jourdan, and C. La. "A major dyke swarm in the Ogaden region south of Afar and the early evolution of the Afar triple junction." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 420, no. 1 (May 12, 2015): 221–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp420.7.

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40

Gasbarri, Flavia. "From the Sands of the Ogaden to Black Hawk Down: The End of the Cold War in the Horn of Africa." Cold War History 18, no. 1 (September 7, 2017): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14682745.2017.1364729.

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41

Assefa, G. "POTENTIAL HYDROCARBON-GENERATING ROCK UNITS WITHIN THE PHANEROZOIC SEQUENCE OF THE OGADEN BASIN, ETHIOPIA: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT USING THE LOPATIN MODEL." Journal of Petroleum Geology 11, no. 4 (October 1988): 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1988.tb00832.x.

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42

Mekasha, Y., A. Tegegne, and H. Rodriguez-Martinez. "Effect of Supplementation with Agro-industrial By-products and Khat (Catha edulis) Leftovers on Testicular Growth and Sperm Production in Ogaden Bucks." Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A 54, no. 3 (April 2007): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00876.x.

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43

Karienye, David, and Prof Osman Warfa. "Dynamics of Clan Based Conflicts in Wajir County, Kenya." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (May 8, 2020): 692–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.880.

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Clannism is one of the key drivers of violent attacks in Northern Kenya. The causes of the persistent clan-based conflicts in Northern Kenya are not well known and ascertained. The rising incidents of violent attacks which clan-based conflict can be partially blamed, which this study attempted to explore. This underpins the need to conduct research in order to explore the drivers of clan-based conflict in Wajir county. The specific objective of the study was to assess the drivers of inter-clan and intra-clan-based conflicts in Wajir county, Kenya. The study adopted an exploratory research design. The study involved qualitative approach of data collection. The target population comprised of clan elders (Degodia, Ogaden and Ajuran), security agents, religious leaders and civil society organizations. A total of 31 respondents were interviewed who were selected using purposive and snowball approach. Interview guides were administered to the various respondents. The information obtained in the study was thematically analyzed according to the research questions. The study found that some of the key drivers of clan conflict in Wajir County include political influence, constituency boundaries, unequal sharing of county resources and competition over water and pasture. Findings from this study will be published to aid in disseminating information on the best ways to mitigate the clan-based conflict.

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44

Effa, Kefena, Sonia Rosenbom, Jianlin Han, Tadelle Dessie, and Albano Beja-Pereira. "Genetic Diversities and Historical Dynamics of Native Ethiopian Horse Populations (Equus caballus) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphisms." Genes 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020155.

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Matrilineal genetic diversity and relationship were investigated among eight morphologically identified native Ethiopian horse populations using polymorphisms in 46 mtDNA D-loop sequences (454 base pairs). The horse populations identified were Abyssinian, Bale, Borana, Horro, Kafa, Kundido feral horses, Ogaden and Selale. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences were characterized by 15 variable sites that defined five different haplotypes. All genetic diversity estimates, including Reynolds’ linearized genetic distance, genetic differentiation (FST) and nucleotide sequence divergence (DA), revealed a low genetic differentiation in native Ethiopian horse populations. However, Kundido feral and Borana domestic horses were slightly diverged from the rest of the Ethiopian horse populations. We also tried to shed some light on the matrilineal genetic root of native Ethiopian horses from a network constructed by combining newly generated haplotypes and reference haplotypes deposited in the GenBank for Eurasian type Turkish Anatolian horses that were used as a genetic conduit between Eurasian and African horse populations. Ninety-two haplotypes were generated from the combined Ethio-Eurasian mtDNA D-loop sequences. A network reconstructed from the combined haplotypes using Median-Joining algorithm showed that haplotypes generated from native Ethiopian horses formed separate clusters. The present result encourages further investigation of the genetic origin of native African horses by retrieving additional mtDNA sequences deposited in the GenBank for African and Eurasian type horses.

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45

Lemenkova, Polina. "Scripting methods in topographic data processing on the example of Ethiopia." SINET: Ethiopian Journal of Science 44, no. 1 (June 9, 2021): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sinet.v44i1.9.

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This study evaluates the geomorphometric parameters of the topography in Ethiopia using scripting cartographic methods by applying R languages (packages 'tmap' and 'raster') and Generic Mapping Tools (gmt) for 2D and 3D topographic modelling. Data were collected from the open source repositories on geospatial data with high resolution: gebco with 15 arc-second and etopo1 with 1 arc-minute resolution and embedded dataset of srtm 90 m in 'raster' library of R. The study demonstrated application of the programming approaches in cartographic data visualization and mapping for geomorphometric analysis. This included modelling of slope steepness, aspect and hillshade visualized using dem srtm90 to derive geomorphometric parameters of slope, aspect and hillshade of Ethiopia and demonstrate contrasting topography and variability climate setting of Ethiopia. The topography of the country is mapped, including Great Rift Valley, Afar Depression, Ogaden Desert and the most distinctive features of the Ethiopian Highlands. A variety of topographical zones is demonstrated on the presented maps. The results include 6 new maps made using programming console-based approach which is a novel method of cartographic visualization compared to traditional gis software. The most important fragments of the codes are presented and technical explanations are provided. The presented series of 6 new maps contributes to the cartographic data on Ethiopia and presents the methodology of scripting mapping techniques.

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46

Patman, Robert G. "Book Review: Buried in the Sands of the Ogaden: The United States, the Horn of Africa, and the Demise of Détente by Louise Woodroofe." War in History 22, no. 3 (July 2015): 422–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344515578045k.

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Bosworth, William, and Daniel F. Stockli. "Early magmatism in the greater Red Sea rift: timing and significance." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 11 (November 2016): 1158–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2016-0019.

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Throughout the greater Red Sea rift system the initial late Cenozoic syn-rift strata and extensional faulting are closely associated with alkali basaltic volcanism. Older stratigraphic units are either pre-rift or deposited during pre-rupture mechanical weakening of the lithosphere. The East African superplume appeared in northeast Africa ∼46 Ma but was not accompanied by any significant extensional faulting. Continental rifting began in the eastern and central Gulf of Aden at ∼31–30 Ma coeval with the onset of continental flood volcanism in northern Ethiopia, Eritrea, and western Yemen. Volcanism appeared soon after at Derudeb in southern Sudan and at Harrats Hadan and As Sirat in Saudi Arabia. From ∼26.5 to 25 Ma a new phase of volcanism began with the intrusion of a dike field reaching southeast of Afar into the Ogaden. At 24–23 Ma dikes were emplaced nearly simultaneously north of Afar and reached over 2000 km into northern Egypt. The dike event linked Afar to the smaller Cairo mini-plume and corresponds to initiation of lithospheric extension and rupture in the central and northern Red Sea and Gulf of Suez. By ∼21 Ma the dike intrusions along the entire length of the Red Sea were completed. Each episodic enlargement of the greater Red Sea rift system was triggered and facilitated by breakthrough of mantle-derived plumes. However, the absence of any volumetrically significant rift-related volcanism during the main phase of Miocene central and northern Red Sea – Gulf of Suez rifting supports the interpretation that plate–boundary forces likely drove overall separation of Arabia from Africa.

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Ojo, M. Adeleye. "The Maitatsine Revolution in Nigeria." American Journal of Islam and Society 2, no. 2 (December 1, 1985): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v2i2.2772.

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The Maitatsine ‘Revolution’ in NigeriaThe spate of disturbances which had the appearance of Islamic fundamentalismin Nigeria in the early eighties can be viewed as a passing phase ofunderdevelopment. This symbolizes the realities of the Third World countriesespecially the African continent, where subsequent inefficient administrationshave created a people at odds with itself, hampered by theunderdevelopment of its economy, and socio-political lives, large turn-overof regimes and governments, all of which are engaged in governmentalmismanagement, military autocracies, and democratic dictatorship. Such disturbances,if not promptly nipped in the bud, can lead to a more serious disturbancereminiscent of the war in Chad and Ogaden desert or the revolts in Shaba.Of interest here is the series of riots which took place in some states ofNorthern Nigeria spanning specifically from Kano (1980), Bulumkutu (1982)and Jimeta Yola (1984). There were scares in 1982 of the same riots in majortowns in the North including Bauchi, Jos, Zaria and Sokoto. There were alsoclashes with the police in Kaduna, the headquarters of the former NorthernRegion, where an Assistant Police Commissioner was captured by the riotersand killed!Since then, there has been an avalanche of comments by the general public,many of them trying to find the cause(s) of the unrest. These various commentsassumed such a divergent outlook that it is not easy to group them neatlyunder any general heading(s). They range from the trivial and grotesque tothe most serious; from the possible and plausible to the absurd. While somedubbed the riots as sheer religious fantacism, others thought that it was politicallymotivated; and yet athers believe that the disturbances were caused byfaceless illegal aliens; while there are also those who think they were causedby outside interests like Mossad or Al-Mafisa ...

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Mummed, Yesihak Yusuf. "Traditional Selection Criteria of Ogaden Cattle in Pastoral and Agro Pastoral Production Systems and Its Implication to Resilience of the Breed in the Face of Climate Change in the Future." Open Journal of Animal Sciences 09, no. 03 (2019): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojas.2019.93029.

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Tesema, B., G. Animut, and M. Urge. "Effect of Green Prosopis juliflora Pods and Noug Seed (Guizotia obissynica) Cake Supplementation on Digestibility and Performance of Blackhead Ogaden Sheep Fed Hay as a Basal Diet." Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2013): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/star.v2i2.98881.

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