Journal articles: 'Ogoni'

1

Rouse‐Amadi, Hilary. "Ogoni widow." Review of African Political Economy 22, no. 64 (1995): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056249508704127.

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Romokere, Mgbowaji Benson. "Ogoni-Andoni War, 1993: The Role of Dialogue in Inter-Group Relations." International Journal of History and Philosophical Research 11, no. 1 (2023): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijhphr.2013/vol11n1617.

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The focus of this paper is to examine the Ogoni-Andoni war of 1993 with respect to the role of dialogue in inter-group relations. The Andoni and Ogoni are immediate neighbours in the Eastern Niger Delta of Nigeria. Both ethnic groups have aged long relationship characterized by peace, conflict, crisis and war. The immediate cause of the 1993 Ogoni-Andoni war was attributed to the violent activities of the militant wing of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People during their agitation for Ogoni Kingdom and other environmental issues. In the 20thcentury the two ethnic groups fought wars at interval of twenty years; 1933, 1953, 1973, 1993. The war had great consequences on both ethnic groups which called for dialogue to end it. The paper explored primary and secondary sources to document the war history. This paper found out that the Ataba (Andoni)-Ogoni Peace Conference was the platform for the inter-ethnic dialogue which brought the war to an end by late 1994. Their relationship was restored fully by 1995. The Peace Conference forestalled subsequent crisis related development which would have snowballed into another full scale war between the Ogoni and Andoni in the 21stcentury. It concluded that dialogue did not only end the war but it sustained and enhanced inter-group relations between Andoni and Ogoni over twenty years today.

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Saale, Lazarus Baribiae. "Vulture significance in Ogoni Culture." AFRREV LALIGENS: An International Journal of Language, Literature and Gender Studies 6, no. 2 (2017): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/laligens.v6i2.9.

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Isumonah, V. Adefemi. "The Making of the Ogoni Ethnic Group." Africa 74, no. 3 (2004): 433–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2004.74.3.433.

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AbstractThe existence of the Ogoni ethnic group is taken for granted in the literature that has grown out of the minority rights and environmentalist campaigns of the 1990s. This article departs from this tradition by engaging the historical development of the Ogoni ethnic group, taking as its point of departure elite politics in the context of colonial categories and post-colonial politics. With comparative data on the development of ethnic groups in Nigeria, it shows how elite politics and state structures and administrative decisions influenced the development of the Ogoni ethnic group and the identity it purveys. It also shows that differing interests in oil with unequal power bases spurred rigid positions that served to facilitate or constrain the execution of the Ogoni identity-building project.

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Deezia, Burabari Sunday. "II-II Wa (Traditional Marriage): Towards the Typologies of Marriage in Ogoni Traditional Philosophy." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 21, no. 1 (2020): 102–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v21i1.5.

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Every society has its own norms, values and morals, which help them to structure their universe. Among the Ogoni indigenous people, the centrality of ii-ii wa (traditional marriage) as the nucleus of society is the under guiding factor for their comprehensive marriage rites. To the Ogoni indigenous people, marriage is a sacred institution, inextricably attached to the Ogoni traditional religion. It is a process rather than a discrete event that marks one’s transition from one stage of life to another; it involves rituals, negotiations, and transactions that stretch over years. It is a community practice within which the values of a community are shaped and preserved. However, the eventual contact with the western culture through colonialism, christianity, education and, with the subsequent upsurge of globalization, reflects the diffusion of modern orientations and ideologies. These values are not only being challenged but also eroded. Consequently, this onslaught brings into question the place of the Ogoni cultural values and marriage system amidst modernization. This study, therefore, centers on the organized system of the Ogoni traditional marriage forms in relation to specific underlying dimensions, attributes and categories. The study further distinguishes between Bia-k𝑒̅, biabe and the assumed Sira-culture that do not exist in Ogoni cultural practices. In analyzing the subject matter, the study adopts the descriptive research design, using the philosophical approach, with special reference to the structural functionalism and the diffusion of innovation theories. Through the research effort it was observed that the fortunes of marriage and family institutions are dwindling due to the emerging trends of individualism, loosed morality, materialism and intrusion of foreign ideas into marriage and family system in Ogoni. Hence, the need to respect, project and protect those core Ogoni traditional marriage values. Keywords: II-II-Wa (traditional marriage), family values, religion, social change

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6

Kpone-Tonwe, Sonpie. "Property reckoning and methods of accumulating wealth among the Ogoni of the eastern Niger delta." Africa 67, no. 1 (1997): 130–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161273.

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This article is a product of research in the Ogoni region of the Niger delta between 1981 and 1991. It analyses an aspect of the pre-colonial economy of Ogoni, which aimed at preserving the proceeds of agricultural production and increasing the wealth of the individual. Agricultural production was not all for subsistence. A substantial proportion was sold off and the proceeds invested in the economy. The article argues that this was possible because the Ogoni were acquainted with the use of an all-purpose currency before the arrival of Europeans. By a method of linguistic analysis it was possible to trace the existence of such an indigenous currency and its spread from the Ogoni area to the rest of the eastern Niger delta and to the greater part of south-east Nigeria. It is shown that the Ogoni were major producers and distributors of large transport and fishing canoes in the eastern Niger delta. A thriving canoe-making industry at Ko on the Imo river, led to a culture of marine transport and distributive long-distance trade through the waterways of the delta and to the island of Equatorial Guinea and to the Cameroons. The conclusion summarises the evidence and drives home the fact that in pre-colonial Ogoni wealth was accumulated and reckoned not by the yardstick of more cash but by the possession of livestock and landed property.

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Deezia, Burabari Sunday. "Mothers but not wives: The <i>Biakē</i> custom and its implications on the Ogoni contemporary society." Filosofia Theoretica: Journal of African Philosophy, Culture and Religions 13, no. 1 (2024): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ft.v13i1.4.

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The Biakē custom, an ancient practice among the Ogoni indigenous people, refers to a system by which certain girls or women are not allowed to marry, but are legitimately allowed to raise children for their parents or family, because of some peculiar circumstances of the household, thus the idea of ‘mothers but not wives.’ However, the Biakē practice has been misconstrued with the malapropism called ‘Sira-Custom,’ implying a system in which the first daughters are not given out for marriage. This study focused on the philosophical foundation of Biakē and its implications on the Ogoni contemporary society. The study discovered that there was never a time in Ogoni history when Sira (first daughters) was denied the right to marry out. Every Ogoni daughter is eligible for marriage. The study argues that though the philosophy of Biakē emphasizes the continuity of the family/lineage, women serving under Biakē and their children may experience psychological trauma due to the absence of a “father figure” and other unmet needs. Using the prescriptive method, this paper advocated for the promulgation of laws, and regulations to modify the Biakē custom to accommodate the Ogoni modern-day reality.

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Medvedieva, Maryna. "Jurisdictional issues in the Ogoni case." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.60.

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The article analyzes the Ogoni case, which combines several high-profile lawsuits in the courts of Nigeria, the United States, theNetherlands, the United Kingdom, the African Commission on Human Rights, and the Court of Justice of the Economic Communityof West Africa. Practical issues related to the jurisdiction of states are covered, namely, extraterritorial jurisdiction, universal jurisdictionin civil matters, ‘piercing the corporate veil’, ‘forum shopping’, doctrines ‘forum non conveniens’, ‘forum necessitatis’, etc. The Ogonicase demonstrated the diversity and complexity of jurisdictional issues at the national and international levels. Although in terms ofjurisdiction the courts of Nigeria were the most appropriate forum to bring an action in this case, due to the inefficiency of the Nigerianjudicial system, the plaintiffs appealed to other jurisdictions. The Wiwa and Kiobel cases before the US courts can be considered asexamples of an attempt, albeit unsuccessful, to implement the extraterritorial application of US national law and to apply the principleof universal jurisdiction in civil tort cases. US courts have denied the plaintiffs’ claims under the ‘forum non conveniens’ doctrine andrefused to apply extraterritorially the American tort law to corporations located and registered in other states. In the Akpan case, theDistrict Court of the Netherlands refused to ‘pierce the corporate veil’, but the Court of Appeal ruled that it had jurisdiction to hear thacase concerning both Shell and the Nigerian subsidiary. In the Kiobel case, which is also before the courts of the Netherlands, an alternativebasis for jurisdiction was used – ‘forum necessitatis’. In the Okpabi case, the British courts have so far refused to recognize theirjurisdiction. It should be noted that the Wiwa and Kiobel cases concern the liability of Shell and SPDC for human rights violations,while the Akpan and Okpabi cases concern the civil liability for environmental damage. The above proceedings in national and internationalcourts are a clear example of ‘forum shopping’. The case was considered by the African Commission on Human Rights, whichrecognized its jurisdiction despite the absence of domestic remedies exhaustion, and by the West African Economic Community Court,which recognized its jurisdiction to hear the case under the African Charter as well as international covenants on human rights.

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9

Medvedieva, Maryna. "Jurisdictional issues in the Ogoni case." Law Review of Kyiv University of Law, no. 3 (November 10, 2020): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36695/2219-5521.3.2020.13.

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The article analyzes the Ogoni case, which combines several high-profile lawsuits in the courts of Nigeria, the United States, theNetherlands, the United Kingdom, the African Commission on Human Rights, and the Court of Justice of the Economic Communityof West Africa. Practical issues related to the jurisdiction of states are covered, namely, extraterritorial jurisdiction, universal jurisdictionin civil matters, ‘piercing the corporate veil’, ‘forum shopping’, doctrines ‘forum non conveniens’, ‘forum necessitatis’, etc. The Ogonicase demonstrated the diversity and complexity of jurisdictional issues at the national and international levels. Although in terms ofjurisdiction the courts of Nigeria were the most appropriate forum to bring an action in this case, due to the inefficiency of the Nigerianjudicial system, the plaintiffs appealed to other jurisdictions. The Wiwa and Kiobel cases before the US courts can be considered asexamples of an attempt, albeit unsuccessful, to implement the extraterritorial application of US national law and to apply the principleof universal jurisdiction in civil tort cases. US courts have denied the plaintiffs’ claims under the ‘forum non conveniens’ doctrine andrefused to apply extraterritorially the American tort law to corporations located and registered in other states. In the Akpan case, theDistrict Court of the Netherlands refused to ‘pierce the corporate veil’, but the Court of Appeal ruled that it had jurisdiction to hear thacase concerning both Shell and the Nigerian subsidiary. In the Kiobel case, which is also before the courts of the Netherlands, an alternativebasis for jurisdiction was used – ‘forum necessitatis’. In the Okpabi case, the British courts have so far refused to recognize theirjurisdiction. It should be noted that the Wiwa and Kiobel cases concern the liability of Shell and SPDC for human rights violations,while the Akpan and Okpabi cases concern the civil liability for environmental damage. The above proceedings in national and internationalcourts are a clear example of ‘forum shopping’. The case was considered by the African Commission on Human Rights, whichrecognized its jurisdiction despite the absence of domestic remedies exhaustion, and by the West African Economic Community Court,which recognized its jurisdiction to hear the case under the African Charter as well as international covenants on human rights.

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10

Osha, Sanya. "Birth of the Ogoni Protest Movement." Journal of Asian and African Studies 41, no. 1-2 (2006): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909606061746.

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11

Okeke-Ogbuafor, Nwamaka A., Tim S. Gray, and Selina M. Stead. "Reconciling Traditional Indigenous Governance with Contemporary Approaches to Decision Making in Ogoni Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (2016): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n1p55.

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This paper explores the perceptions of Ogoni people about their system of inherited leadership in Ogoniland, It focuses on whether the Ogoni people believe that their traditional system of inherited leadership has ameliorated or exacerbated the adverse impact of oil capitalism and political interference on their communities. Fieldwork was carried out in eight communities in Ogoniland in early 2014 when 69 key informant interviews were conducted as well as three focus group discussions. The conclusion reached by the paper is that many Ogoni people believe that the system of inherited leadership has let them down in the face of external threats, and that it is time to reform that system by incorporating into it some contemporary western principles of good governance.

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12

Mitee, Ledum. "Oil, arms and terror — The Ogoni experience." Interventions 1, no. 3 (1999): 430–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698019900510641.

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13

Welch, Claude E. "The Ogoni and Self-Determination: Increasing Violence in Nigeria." Journal of Modern African Studies 33, no. 4 (1995): 635–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00021479.

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The execution of Ken Saro-Wiwa, noted advocate of rights for the Ogoni people of the Niger delta, who was hanged with eight of his colleagues in Port Harcourt on 10 November 1995, drew universal condemnation from governments, human rights organisations, and literary figures. Following the trial of these Ogoni activists, the Nigerian régime headed by General Sani Abacha decided that the verdict of the appointed tribunal should be endorsed and implemented without delay, despite an international campaign for clemency. In the view of many, Nigerians and non-Nigerians alike, an independent judicial court would not have found the accused guilty of the murder in May 1994 of the four prominent Ogoni who had been killed during a riotous rally. For the military administration, however, the claims for self-determination made by Saro-Wiwa had run counter to national policy, nOt least by having highlighted long-standing tensions between the country's ethnic mosaic and its political centralisation.

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14

Wiwa, Ken. "The murder of Ken Saro-Wiwa." Soundings 78, no. 78 (2021): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/soun.78.08.2021.

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Ken Wiwa heard of his father's execution in November 1995 while he was in New Zealand, as part of his campaign against the Nigerian government's planned judicial murder of his father and eight other Ogoni leaders. The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting was due to be held in Auckland the following week. At the time of his death Saro-Wiwa was the leader of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), which sought to challenge the situation whereby a community which had contributed to the exchequer an estimated $30 billion in oil revenue found itself without basic amenities, living in a wretched environment, and being daily assaulted by oil exploration. He had accused Shell Oil company, which had a very close relationship with the Nigerian government, of 'waging an ecological war against the Ogoni'. After the executions, Nigeria was roundly condemned by international leaders, as was Shell itself.

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15

Saro‐Wiwa, Ken. "Nigeria in crisis: Nigeria, oil and the Ogoni." Review of African Political Economy 22, no. 64 (1995): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056249508704125.

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16

Baala, Gawuga Thompson, and Faith Barima-Kpurunee. "Education and Community Development in Contemporary Ogoni Society." International Journal of Education and Evaluation 9, no. 7 (2023): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijee.v9.no7.2023.pg160.169.

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There is a missing link between education and community development. This becomes glaring when considering the educational awareness vis-a-vis the level of development in Ogoni communities today. Education should come with the know-how and consequently the ease with which communities evolve, notwithstanding, there continues to be a downward slope in community development in the face of growing educational awareness. This study uses the functionalist theory of development to evaluate how subsets within communities can functionally impress on the quality of development in their locales. The study argues that development is more organized where the people are involved concluding that by education, most people have a copious understanding of the kind of community development fashionable today but do not know how to engage their kits and kin to buy-in. It recommends the kind of education which sharpens skills and abilities of the people to identify challenges and solve them as subsets in their communities.

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17

Bekker, Gina. "CASE NOTES." Journal of African Law 47, no. 1 (2003): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0221855303002025.

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In 1996 a communication was brought to the African Commission on behalf of the Ogoni people, by the Social and Economic Rights Action Center (SERAC), a Nigerian–based NGO, and the Economic and Social Rights Action Center, a New York-based NGO. This communication averred the Nigerian government's involvement in the environmental degradation and resultant health problems amongst the Ogoni, as well as the destruction of their housing and food sources, through uncontrolled and irresponsible oil production by the State oil company (a majority shareholder in a consortium of oil companies), as well as the ruthless actions of the Nigerian military in support thereof.

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Ukpene, Anthony O. "Evaluation of Phytoremediation in the Ogoni Wasteland of Southern Nigeria." April-May 2024, no. 43 (May 29, 2024): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jeimp.43.35.47.

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Phytoremediation offers an effective strategy for managing environmental degradation in the Ogoni wastelands of southern Nigeria, but its benefits and socio-economic implications have not been adequately studied. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of phytoremediation techniques on soil contamination and community perception and participation in environmental restoration efforts. Soil samples were collected from several sites in Ogoni wasteland, and pollutant concentrations were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Selected plant species were used for phytoremediation interventions, and microbial activity was assessed using CO2 production rates. Household surveys and interviews were conducted to measure perceptions of community membership and involvement in correctional programs. Analysis of soil samples revealed a significant decrease in contaminant concentrations after phytoremediation, with average initial concentrations decreasing to 23.456 mg/kg and plant biomass accumulation rates of 0.567 kg/sq m returning to 4.901 kg/m², an indication of differences in activity of various organisms in pollutant uptake. After phytoremediation, the changes showed an increasing trend, with CO2 emissions increasing from 0.567 mg CO2/g/hr to 1.345 mg CO2/g/hr. The household survey showed a positive attitude towards the effectiveness of phytoremediation, with an average score of 4.012 on a scale of 1 to 5. Research findings show that phytoremediation can be a sustainable solution for soil pollution in the Ogoni wastelands. These results contribute to the existing body of knowledge by providing empirical evidence and insights into the environmental, social, and economic dynamics of ecological restoration in conflict zones on the background.

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Jaja, B. N. R., O. Olabiyi, and C. C. Noronha. "Dermatoglyphics of the Ogoni of Nigeria and its historiographic implications." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 68, no. 2 (2011): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2011/0057.

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20

Campbell, Marion. "Witnessing death: Ken Saro-Wiwa and the Ogoni crisis." Postcolonial Studies 5, no. 1 (2002): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13688790220126870.

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Babalola, R., V. E. Efeovbokhan, Y. O. Atiku, et al. "Slurry-Phase Bioremediation of Ogoni Land Crude Oil Contaminated Soil." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1107, no. 1 (2021): 012167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1107/1/012167.

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22

Jaja, Jones M., and Emmanuel Obuah. "The politics of the Ogoni clean-up: challenges and prospects." African Research Review 13, no. 3 (2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v13i3.9.

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23

Kpone-Tonwe, Sonpie. "Leadership Training in Precolonial Nigeria: The Yaa Tradition of Ogoni." International Journal of African Historical Studies 34, no. 2 (2001): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3097487.

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L. Mai-Bornu, Zainab, and Fidelis Allen. "Chosen Trauma, Emotions and Memory in Movements: The Ogoni and Ijaw in the Niger Delta." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 14, no. 1 (2022): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v14.i1.7912.

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This paper presents a critical analysis of ‘Chosen Trauma’ theory and its applicability to social movement responses to oil resource extractive activities in Nigeria. Volkan’s (1985, 1997, 2005) formulations on ‘collective calamity of groups’ ancestors, defined in terms of shared pains suffered at the hands of an enemy is explored using the case of Ogoni and Ijaw movement activities against the Federal Government and oil companies operating in the Niger Delta. The framing of traumas focuses on the role played by leaders of both groups in their protests against calamitous environmental problems resulting from the activities of oil companies in the region. For the Ogoni, the memory of trauma is adaptive to non-violence while, for the Ijaw it is a fluid construction between non-violence and violence. Volkan’s theory is analytically helpful, but at the same time demands refinement to better explain the nuances in these cases.

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Bernard, Emue EwonuBari. "The Basic Determinants of Commercial Embalmment in Ogoni Ethnic Group, Nigeria." IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2013): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0853-0352427.

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26

Obi, Cyril I. "Globalisation and local resistance: The case of the Ogoni versus Shell." New Political Economy 2, no. 1 (1997): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563469708406291.

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Brock, L. "Oil, the Ogoni and Nigeria: A Conversation with Barine Yorbe TeeKate." Radical History Review 1999, no. 74 (1999): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1999-74-25.

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28

Baala, Gawuga Thompson, and Barinaadaa Nwinkol. "Sustaining the Gains of HYPREP Remediation in Ogoni: A Community Focus." IIARD INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 8, no. 2 (2023): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijgem.v8.no2.2022.pg48.54.

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Since the 2016 flagged-off of soil remediation in Ogoni, the Hydrocarbon Pollution Remediation Project (HYPREP) has concluded work in at least sixteen (16) remediation sites across the four local government areas of Eleme, Gokana, Khana and Tai. This is part of twenty-one (21) Lots in phase 1 batch 1 of the Project work performance status published in December 2021. Thus, the efforts of Government in addressing the environmental issues in Ogoniland and other parts of the Niger Delta in general should be sustainable. What becomes of the gains of HYPREP soil remediation after the exercise is of concern to this paper. Using the Stakeholders theory, the study argues that preservation of a healthy environment and ecological balance is everybody’s concern. To promote environmental awareness among the people, the need for active and sustainable involvement of the various stakeholders is important to sustainable environmental remediation. These stakeholders are the host and impacted communities, public, media, environmental groups, corporations and the government. The study uses both primary and secondary sources of data based on a qualitative research design in drawing conclusion that community engagement must be sustained in a manner that outlived the remediation project/clean-up. The study recommends mass sensitization and mobilization of the locals on the aftermaths of the project, what to expect and such friendly environmental disposition which may engender a sustainable healthy environmental and ecological balance in Ogoniland and beyond.

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I, Benwoke, W., Bienonwu, E. O, Nwokanma, C. T, and Barine Tambari. "Morphometric Study of Cephalofacial Indices among Ogoni Children in Rivers State." Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 07 (2023): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2023.v09i07.002.

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Anthropometry can be defined as the art and science of measurements of physical dimensions of parts or whole of human body. Cephalofacial measurement is an important anthropometry, which generates data that form important indices for studying brain growth and formation of facial types. This descriptive study involves 390 Ogoni Children (215 males and 175 females) between the ages of 5-12 years. Since very few studies have been done on Nigerian infants, the aim of this study is to evaluate the Cephalofacial morphology of Ogoni Children and describe sexual dimorphism among the population study. The length and width of the head and face of each subject was measured to determine the cephalic Index and facial Index of each subject and evaluate the prevalent head and face type of the population study. The results showed that mean values of the cephalic and facial indices were higher for males than females. The mean cephalic Index values were 71.85±3.79 and 71.79±3.86 for males and females respectively. The difference in these values were not found to be statistically significant and thus cannot be useful in describing sexual dimorphism among the study population (p>0.05). The mean facial Index values were 85.35±6.05 and 83.86±4.86 for males and females respectively. The difference found in these values were statistically significant (p<0.05) and thus was useful in describing sexual dimorphism. The results also showed that dolichocephalic head type was the most prevalent with males (47.44%) having a higher percentage prevalence than females (41.71%), while euryprosopic facial type was the most prevalent with females (42.29%) having a higher percentage prevalence than males (37.21%).

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C, Omuruka T., Osunwoke Osunwoke, E. A, Edibamode Edibamode, and E. I. "Palmar Creases and Ancestry Prediction." Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology 5, no. 2 (2022): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i02.003.

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Background: The importance and usefulness of dermatoglyphics in crime investigation, anthropology and disease prediction have been stressed wide published. However, there is dearth of information on the use of palmar creases as an adjunct tool in the prediction of tribe/ethnicity and ancestral relationship among populations. Hence, this study was aimed at predicting ancestry and tribal/ethnic relationship and genetic link among the Urhobo, Isoko and Ogoni ethnic groups using palmar creases. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational and analytical study, 360 subjects- 180, 105 and 75 Urhobo, Ogoni and Isoko subjects were sampled via a multi-stage sampling technique to ensure randomization. Palm print was obtained using Oghenemavwe and Osaat (2015) dermatoglyphic capture method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social (SPSS IBM version 23.0). Results and Discussions: Using the Ogoni as a reference tribe, the study (Table 1) showed Pearson's Chi-square Analysis for tribe-associated differences in the distribution of pattern based on type/pattern of head of origin of the major palmar creases on the right and left palms, and this was not statistically significant on both palms. But in Table 2a (tribe-associated differences in the distribution of the general shape/appearance of palmar creases on the right and left palms) was observed to be statistically significant (X2 = 73.283, P = 0.001 for right; X2 = 47.786, P = 0.001 for left) and Table 3a showed that tribe-associated differences in the distribution of Middle longitudinal crease on the right and left palms was statistically significant (X2 = 18.135, P = 0.001 for right; X2 = 36.401, P = 0.001 for left). Conclusion: Middle longitudinal crease in particular and general shape/appearance of palmar creases are discriminatory in distribution amongst the tribe studied and thus suggest a tribal/ethnic relationship and genetic link and common ancestry between the Isoko and Urhobo tribes.

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Hart, Josiah S., and Tarimobo M. Otobo. "An Investigation of the Sole Dermatoglyphics of Ogoni People of Niger Delta, Nigeria." International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences 7, no. 1 (2019): 2886–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijprhs.2019.01.05.

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Egbom, Sylvia, Florence Onyemachi Nduka, Sidney Obidimma Nzeako, et al. "SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MALARIA AND LAND COVER PATTERNS IN OGONI LAND, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA." Malaysian Journal of Science 42, no. 3 (2023): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol42no3.12.

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The distribution of malaria is characterised by microgeographic variations determined by a range of factors, including the local environment. A study on the spatial distribution of malaria about land cover patterns was carried out by sampling Primary Health Centres in Ogoni Land. Nine Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCs) were selected across four local government areas (LGA) using Systematic Grid Point Sampling. Human blood samples were obtained from 318 consented individuals, and questionnaires were administered to obtain demographic data. Plasmodium species were identified through microscopy using thick and thin blood films. A geodatabase was created and imported into ArcGIS 10.7 to produce a thematic map of the study area. A cloud-free Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) was employed for land cover analysis. Both supervised and unsupervised classifications of land cover were performed to generate the land cover classes. Pearson correlation was carried out to determine the significance between malaria distribution and land cover. Of the 318 individuals, 169 were infected with an overall prevalence of 53.1%.Only P. falciparum was identified and malaria distribution showed spatial variations. Across the PHCs sampled, the highest point prevalence was recorded in Model Primary Health Centre Koroma in Tai LGA whereas the lowest was recorded in MPHC Okwale in Khana LGA. Cumulatively, Kwawa PHC recorded the highest malaria prevalence whereas MPHC Bunu in Tai recorded the lowest prevalence. The highest prevalence was recorded in Khana LGA while the lowest was recorded in Eleme LGA. Land cover analysis revealed that Ogoni Land has a total land cover mass of 982.97km.2 Sparse vegetation dominated the study area (471.06km2) while dense vegetation covers a total mass of 213.1km2. Bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between malaria prevalence and dense vegetation (p<0.05, 0.952). Dense vegetation played a significant role in malaria transmission in Ogoni Land. The study concludes that the presence of dense vegetation is associated with high malaria prevalence in the study area.

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Mwesigire, Bwesigye Bwa. "Righting land wrongs with the pen: The leadership of Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Ken Saro Wiwa." Leadership and Developing Societies 1, no. 1 (2016): 29–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47697/lds.3434700.

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This article analyses the leadership of Ngugi Wa Thiong’o and Ken Saro Wiwa in the protection of indigenous communities’ land rights in Kenya and Nigeria respectively. It uses a case study and ‘leadership as process’ approach to focus on events and actions by Ngugi and Saro Wiwa, alongside the Kamiriithu and Ogoni communities in 1976 – 1982 and 1990 - 1995, respectively. In the case of Kenya, the Kamiriithu community did not attain their land rights and other freedoms following the Ngugi-led activism. Instead, the Kenyan government turned to further repression of individual and collective rights. In Nigeria, Saro-Wiwa was hanged after a trial marred with irregularities. However, oil exploitation activities on land belonging to the Ogoni ceased. There has been progress in holding Shell legally accountable for environmental degradation and a study on the extent of damage done to the ecology has been undertaken. Both writers, despite different outcomes to their activism, played leadership roles in their communities’ struggle for land rights. Their creative writing abilities and achievements played a role in their emergence as leaders and strategies for leadership.

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Mai-Bornu, Zainab Ladan. "Dynamics of leadership styles within the Ogoni and Ijaw movements in the Niger Delta." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 8, no. 2 (2020): 823–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v8i2.1075.

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Much of the literature on the Niger Delta deals with the Ogoni and Ijaw groups together, as having common lived experiences within a shared geographical location. However, the nature of the leaderships led the two movements to adopt distinct strategies in their struggles against the Nigerian state and multinational oil companies. Successful collective action is often ascribed to effective leadership and to the employment of social identity to drive collective group behaviour. Building on the Comparative Case Studies approach, this article compares the nature of leadership within the two movements, and particularly the choices that led Ogoni leaders to preach nonviolence and Ijaw leaders to advocate violence. The article analyses the role of the leaders in determining the strategies adopted by the movements, and examines the importance of the psychological drivers of the collective narratives developed by the two groups of leaders in accounting for the different trajectories. These issues are investigated within the social and political psychological context utilising three axes of comparison — vertical, horizontal and transversal. Findings suggest that strategic choices are frequently based on charismatic leadership, particularly when group leaders are able to utilise a heightened awareness of identity, and on conscious and unconscious fears linking past and current threats.

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Ngaage, Barine Saana. "?The Star of the Morning?: Ogoni Praise Songs of Ken Saro-Wiwa." Research in African Literatures 34, no. 3 (2003): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ral.2003.34.3.148.

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Sam, Kabari, Nenibarini Zabbey, and Amarachi Paschaline Onyena. "Implementing contaminated land remediation in Nigeria: Insights from the Ogoni remediation project." Land Use Policy 115 (April 2022): 106051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106051.

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Coomans, Fons. "The Ogoni Case Before The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 52, no. 3 (2003): 749–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/52.3.749.

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In 2001, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights concluded consideration of a communication under Article 55 of the African Charter on Human Rights and Peoples' Rights which dealt with alleged violations of human rights of the Ogoni people in Nigeria.1 This communication is important and special, because, for the first time, the Commission was able to deal in a substantive and groundbreaking way with alleged violations of economic, social and cultural rights which formed the substance of the complaint. In addition, in dealing with the communication, the Commission took a firm and dynamic approach that may contribute to a better and more effective protection of economic, social and cultural rights in Africa. This article discusses the case before the Commission and tries to characterize the decision of the Commission as an application of recent approaches to strengthen implementation and supervision of economic, social and cultural rights.

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Senewo, IkpoBari Dumletam. "The Ogoni Bill of Rights (OBR): Extent of actualization 25 years later?" Extractive Industries and Society 2, no. 4 (2015): 664–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exis.2015.06.004.

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Gideon S. Alex, Olotu E Joy, Iboro E. Edet, Baribefii P. Nwizia, and Dike E. Ernest. "Prevalence of uterine fibroids among women resident in Ogoni, Rivers State, Nigeria." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 6, no. 2 (2024): 027–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2024.6.2.0035.

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Background: Uterine fibroids are benign tumor cells of the uterus composed of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts rich in extracellular matrix. Due to the increased likelihood of women developing leiomyomas within their lifetime, there is a noticeable impact on quality and other aspects of life, such as financial burden and medical expenses Objective: To determine the Prevalence, age distribution, most occurring types and clinical characteristics of patients with uterine fibroid. Methods: This study is a six-year retrospective analysis on the Prevalence and age distributions of uterine fibroid among women resident in Ogoni, Rivers State, Nigeria, from January 2017 to December 2022. Medical records from Hospitals in the area were used for this study. Results: result revealed that 821 out of 5800 case files were positive for uterine fibroid giving a prevalence of 14.2. The year 2022 recorded the highest incidence of uterine fibroid (22.6), followed by the year 2021 (14.9.), 2019 (13.9), 2018 (11.9), 2020 (9.6), and 2017(8.3) respectively. Women within 26 – 35 years were significantly affected in all the years under review, with a prevalence rate of 62.6%, while older women (>35) and those younger (<26), presented an incident rate of 29.4% and 7.9% respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed that the most prevalent type of uterine fibroid in Ogoni is intramural while the least prevalent is submucosal. It also showed that women of age 26-35 years had the highest prevalence of uterine fibroid while those of age 16- 25 years had least prevalence.

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Boele, Richard, Heike Fabig, and David Wheeler. "Shell, Nigeria and the Ogoni. A study in unsustainable development: I. The story of Shell, Nigeria and the Ogoni people - environment, economy, relationships: conflict and prospects for resolution1." Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (2001): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sd.161.

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Nwobike, Justice C. "The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights and the Demystification of Second and Third Generation Rights under the African Charter: Social and Economic Rights Action Center (SERAC) and the Center for Economic and Social Rights (CESR) v. Nigeria." African Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 2 (2005): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221097312x13397499736101.

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AbstractThis article argues that the decision of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights in the Ogoni case represents a giant stride towards the protection and promotion of economic, social and cultural rights of Africans. This is predicated on the African Commission's finding that the Nigerian Government's failure to protect the Ogoni people from the activities of oil companies operating in the Niger Delta is contrary to international human rights law and is in fact a step backwards since Nigeria had earlier adopted legislation to fulfill its obligation towards the progressive realization of these rights. The findings of the African Commission demonstrate that economic, social and cultural rights are not vague or incapable of judicial enforcement. They also illustrate how the Charter can be interpreted generously to ensure the effective enjoyment of rights. Novel and commendable as the decision is, it is not without its shortcomings. These shortcomings lie in the failure of the Commission to pronounce on the right to development, its silence on the desirability of holding transnational corporations accountable for human rights violations, and the institutional weakness of the Commission in enforcing its decisions.

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Ogunyemi, Christopher Babatunde. "AMBIGUITY IN AUTOBIGRAPHICAL NARRATIVES IN NIGERIA: VALORIZING SEXISM AND DISPLACEMENT IN OGONI COSMOLOGY." English Review: Journal of English Education 5, no. 1 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v5i1.385.

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This paper focuses on the examination of ambiguity in autobiographical writings in Nigeria. It underscores the architectonic discourse, cultural alienation and ‘self-elevation’ in some selected autobiographies. Ambiguity in this instance visualizes that these male narratives hinge on something, which is what we now wish to excavate as an area of serious academic endeavour. And it also hinges on how Saro Wiwa’s autobiographies who happen to be male is inevitably sexist in orientation, this will, however, be shown when examining in particular the structuring (narratological devices) of the texts. This work valorizes the cardinal representations of self and male gender in enhancing identity for people of diverse perspectives without appreciating female voices which constitute an integral part of the literary history and ideologue. ‘Negating women in art is negating history because history is the main discipline through which we can understand gender’ (Brereton, 1998, p. 17). This paper encapsulates the motif of dominance and oppression of women because women were only made to be seen and not heard or even represented in such art. However, this situation is disheartening because while the ‘African feminist accommodates men and make them its central assurance, love and care’ (Chukwuma, 1990, p. 15), men who are fickle minded literary ideologues delight in over projecting self using the instrument of ‘I’ in autobiographies without recourse to women who hold some basis to their existence. This research work entails a close analysis of the question of gender and displacement originating from these autobiographical writings originating from Nigeria and the configuration of the motif of metaphor in male dominated gender in five autobiographical writings in line with narratology and Butler’s Theory of performativity. Keywords: autobiography, ambiguity, narratives, saro wiwa, butler, narratology

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Bob, Clifford. "Political Process Theory and Transnational Movements: Dialectics of Protest among Nigeria's Ogoni Minority." Social Problems 49, no. 3 (2002): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/sp.2002.49.3.395.

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Bodo, Tombari, and Lekpa Kingdom David. "The Petroleum Exploitation and Pollution in Ogoni, Rivers State, Nigeria: The Community Perspective." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 32 (2018): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n32p197.

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The aim of this paper was to examine community perspective to petroleum exploitation and pollution in Ogoni, Rivers State. To achieve this aim, the objective was to determine the extent to which the pollution of the environment has affected the people’s views of usefulness of the resources in their communities. The survey design method was employed. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 21 oil bearing communities from the four Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Ogoniland. The data were collected using interviews, focus group discussions, oral testimonies and questionnaires. Being qualitative; transcriptions, rewriting and coding were employed in data analysis, except for the questionnaires which adopted descriptive statistical methods. Results showed that majority of the people have not benefitted from the petroleum resources in their communities. It was revealed that pollution has changed the people’s views of the usefulness of petroleum resources, as they clearly see the resources in their communities as a curse. However, many communities believed that there was no sincerity on the part of their leaders, as the dividends claimed to be given by the multinational oil companies (MNOCs) for the welfare and benefit of the people were not visible. It is recommended that in order to change the perception of the people toward petroleum exploitation, the MNOCs should massively develop the host communities with basic social amenities and deal directly with the land owners whose portions of land are directly affected and not through the chiefs or the Community Based Organisations (CBOs).

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Okeke-Ogbuafor, Nwamaka, Tim Stuart Gray, and Selina M. Stead. "Perceptions of the existence and causes of structural violence in Ogoni communities, Nigeria." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 36, no. 2 (2018): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2018.1437256.

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Azuka, Menkiti, Nora, Osuji, Leo C., and Onojake, M. C. "Hydrocarbon Profile of Oil-Spill-Impacted Soils from Ogoni in Rivers State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research 13, no. 2 (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i2238.

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This research examined the total extractable hydrocarbon content comprising of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), total hydrogen carbon (THC) and total organic nitrogen (TON) of an oil-spill-impacted site in Ogoni land, Okenta Alode, Eleme local government area, Rivers state, Nigeria. Sediment samples of crude oil hydrocarbon contaminated soils were randomly collected from different points at the study sites. Samples were collected between 0 - 15cm (surface m level) and 15 - 30cm (in-depth level) with soil auger and thereafter bulked to obtain composite sample. Bio remediated soil, obtained at about 200 m away from the contaminated site was also collected making a total of twelve (12) samples, with the coordinates of the locations recorded with a GPS device. The samples collected in sterile non-reactive polythene bags and transported using icepacks to the laboratory for analyses and the sediments stored at 6°C and extracted within 14 days of collection. The result of the study revealed among others that the oil-spill-impacted sites contain high concentration of TPH, as the highest concentration obtained from the different sites was 298.57 mg/kg and the lowest was 100.80 mg/kg. Also, the in-depth samples contain higher concentrations than the surface level samples, while similar results were also observed for PAHs and THC. The THC values for surface level samples are in the order of P3/S/O2 (129.000 mg/kg) > P5/S/O1 (229.300 mg/kg) > P1/S/O1 (232.200 mg/kg) > P4/S/O1 (256.111 mg/kg) > P2/S/O1 (303.100 mg/kg). The PAHs concentration in the sediment were within the acceptable limits and showed trend of DBA > Chr > BbFL > Ind > BaA > BkFL > Pyr > Fl > Flu > Ant > AcPY > Phen > AcP > NaP. There was no non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk posed to the populace as a result of PAHs contamination. Thus, the result suggest that these sediments may be contaminated with PAHs, TPH and THC and has reduced TON due to hydrocarbon contamination which may reduce plant growth in the study area. It recommends that these contaminations resulting from hydrocarbons be contained to prevent it from resulting to deleterious health effects to the exposed populace.

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Sandra Ebere Ezeani and Winston Ibifubara Bell-Gam. "Bio-remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated site using nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and urea: A case study of Ogoni clean –Up." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 12, no. 2 (2024): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.12.2.0892.

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Bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils is a relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly technology that is applicable over a large area of contaminated site. The paper is a case study of a successful ex situ bioremediation of a hydrocarbon contaminated site in Ogoni Land, Rivers State. The contaminated soils were excavated, treated in an engineered biocell, and sprinkled with nutrient media to enhance microbial population and biodegradation. The biocell was constructed using laterite material. The floor was lined with High Density Polyethylene material. The treatability study of the contaminated soil was conducted to determine the quantity of nutrient required to boost the microbial population in the affected soil. A PNutrient made up of (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) NPK 20-10-10 and urea at a quantity established by the EnviTech Calculator was used for the treatment. Due to varying depths and concentrations of the contaminant, nutrient adjustments necessary to enhance rapid microbial population and degradation were noted and undertaken. Soil sampling and analysis were conducted at the end of every treatment cycle to establish reduction of the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon to an allowable limit. The project has proven to be successful and beneficial in the clean-up and restoration of Ogoni Land.

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Saale, Lazarus Baribiae. "Burial rites for Ken Saro-Wiwa and the Ogoni Nine: implications for modern society." AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 3 (2017): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijah.v6i3.3.

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OSAGHAE, EGHOSA E. "THE OGONI UPRISING: OIL POLITICS, MINORITY AGITATION AND THE FUTURE OF THE NIGERIAN STATE." African Affairs 94, no. 376 (1995): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098833.

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Ngaage, Barine Saana. ""The Star of the Morning": Ogoni Praise Songs of Ken Saro-Wiwa." Research in African Literatures 34, no. 3 (2003): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ral.2003.0079.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ogoni'

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