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Academic literature on the topic 'OGTT'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "OGTT"

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Prinz, Nicole, Julia Wosniok, Doris Staab, Manfred Ballmann, Christian Dopfer, Nicole Regenfuß, Josef Rosenecker, Dirk Schramm, Reinhard Holl W., and Lutz Nährlich. "Glucose Tolerance in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis – Results from the German Cystic Fibrosis Registry." Klinische Pädiatrie 232, no. 04 (March 16, 2020): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1117-3771.

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Abstract Background Oral glucose tolerance (OGT) deteriorates progressively in cystic fibrosis (CF). Clinical registries provide a unique basis to study real-world data. Patients & methods OGT tests (OGTTs) documented in the German CF-registry in 2016 were classified according WHO, modified by ADA: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), indeterminate glycaemia (INDET), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), IFG+IGT, diabetes mellitus (DM). To study the association with lung function, multivariable regression adjusted for age, sex, and CFTR mutation was performed. Results Overall, OGTT screening was done in 35% of CF patients ≧10 years. Of the 996 patients (46.4% females; median age (IQR): 19 (14–27) years) with evaluable OGTTs, 56.2% had either NGT or INDET, whereas 34% had a pre-diabetic OGTT (IFG; IGT; IFG+IGT) and 9.8% a diabetic OGTT. 7 patients had glucose tolerance abnormalities <10 years. DM was more common in females or patients with F508del homozygote mutation, whereas IFG was more frequent in males (all p<0.05). Nearly 75% of patients after transplantation and about half with enteral/parental nutrition and/or steroid use had either a pre-diabetic or diabetic glucose tolerance. In the adjusted model, age (p<0.001) and OGTT category (p=0.013) had both a significant impact on %FEV1. Conclusion Our data of the German CF-registry highlights incidence of glucose tolerance abnormalities in second decade of life in CF patients. However, it also underlines the need for improvement of the documentation and/or performance of OGTT screening in real-world CF care.

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Ryan, Joshua, Deepani Siriwardhana, and Samuel D. Vasikaran. "An audit of oral glucose tolerance tests at a large teaching hospital: indications, outcomes and confounding factors." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 46, no. 5 (July 29, 2009): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/acb.2009.008261.

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Background Australian guidelines on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) recommend performing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in people with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values of 5.5–6.9 mmol/L. Aim To evaluate indications, outcomes and confounding factors of OGTTs performed at a large teaching hospital and to compare them with Australian DM guidelines. Method A retrospective audit of OGTTs performed over an 18-month period in a teaching hospital in a major Australian city. Information gathered included co-morbidities; medications; risk factors for type 2 DM; indication for OGTT; results of OGTT and previous glucose tests. Results All 129 OGTTs identified were included in the audit. Eighty-nine (69%) were male, with a median age of 57 years (range 19–86), and 3% were of Australian Aboriginal ethnicity. An indication for OGTT was identified in 93%, including FPG 5.5–6.9 mmol/L (36%) and random plasma glucose (RPG) 5.5–11.0 mmol/L (19%). Other indications for OGTT identified included polycystic ovary syndrome or metabolic syndrome (8%), peripheral neuropathy (3%) and as part of a research protocol (12%). Forty-two (35%) were inpatients at the time of OGTT, of which 35 (30%) were admitted for acute medical or surgical illnesses such as stroke. Nineteen percent were taking medications known to affect plasma glucose (e.g. oral corticosteroids). Conclusion Only 55% of OGTTs had a previous FPG or RPG value warranting OGTT using current Australian DM guidelines. Other valid indications for OGTT were identified in the majority of the remainder. In addition, 41% were performed in the presence of confounding factors (such as acute illness or medications known to affect plasma glucose). Many of the OGTTs that are currently being performed are in the presence of confounding factors that could cause misleading results.

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Ko, Gary T. C., Juliana C. N. Chan, Jean Woo, Edith Lau, Vincent T. F. Yeung, Chun-Chung Chow, and Clive S. Cockram. "The Reproducibility and Usefulness of the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Screening for Diabetes and other Cardiovascular Risk Factors." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 35, no. 1 (January 1998): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000456329803500107.

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We examined the reproducibility of oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) using the World Health Organization criterion in 212 Chinese subjects (male 149, female 63) who underwent two 75 g OGTTs within a 6-week period. The overall reproducibility was 65.6% (139/212) of which 74 subjects had normal glucose tolerance, 24 had diabetes and 41 had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) on two occasions. The subjects were divided into three groups [group 1: normal OGTTs on both occasions ( n = 74); group 2: one abnormal OGTT (either diabetes or IGT ( n = 51); group 3: 2 abnormal OGTTs ( n = 87)]. Subjects in group 1 were younger, had lower blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting and 2 h plasma insulin levels, triglyceride, very — low density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein-B concentrations than both groups 2 and 3. Group 2 had similar characteristics as group 3 except for a lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting and 2 h plasma glucose during the two OGTTs. With receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, a HbA1c. of 5.3% gave an optimal sensitivity of 70.7% and specificity of 74.3% to predict diabetes as defined by a 2h plasma glucose value ≥ 11.1 mmol/L in the first OGTT. Of the 212 subjects, 73 had HbA1c ≥ 5.3%. The reproducibility of OGTT was 56.2% for these 73 subjects. With ROC analysis, a BMI of 25 kg/m2 gave an optimal sensitivity of 53.7% and specificity of 56.7% to predict diabetes. For the 36 subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, the reproducibility of OGTT was 58.3%. Similarly, for the 140 subjects with WHR ≥ 0.9, the reproducibility of OGTT was 57.9%. These findings confirmed the poor reproducibility of OGTT which was not improved even amongst subjects with high HbA1c, BMI or WHR. Furthermore, subjects with one abnormal OGTT, whether reproducible or not, had a higher cardiovascular risk profile compared to subjects who had two normal OGTTs.

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Liu, Bin, Jian Cai, Yun Xu, Yuhang Long, Langhui Deng, Suiwen Lin, Jinxin Zhang, et al. "Early Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 12 (September 8, 2020): e4264-e4274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa633.

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Abstract Context The significance of an early diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has not been determined. Objective The objective of this work is to investigate GDM diagnosed by early and standard OGTTs and determine adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with early GDM diagnosis. Research Design and Methods The Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus study is a prospective cohort study. Each participant in the study underwent 2 OGTTs, an early OGTT at 18 to 20 gestational weeks (gws) and a standard OGTT at 24 to 28 gws. The reproduciblity between early and standard OGTT were analyzed. Maternal and neonatal metabolic disorders and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups. Results A total of 522 participants completed both the early and standard OGTTs. The glucose values in the early OGTT were not significantly different from those in the standard OGTT (fasting: 4.31 ± 0.41 mmol/L vs 4.29 ± 0.37 mmol/L, P = .360; 1-hour: 7.68 ± 1.71 mmol/L vs 7.66 ± 1.59 mmol/L, P = .826; 2-hour: 6.69 ± 1.47 mmol/L vs 6.71 ± 1.39 mmol/L, P = .800). The reproducibility of early and standard OGTT results was 74.9%. Pregnant women in the GDM group had higher glycated hemoglobin, C-peptide, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in the late gestational period. Neonates born to mothers in the GDM group were at a higher risk of being large for gestational age (odds ratio [OR]: 3.665; 95% CI, 1.006-11.91) and were also more prone to neonatal hyperinsulinemia (OR: 3.652; 95% CI, 1.152-10.533). Conclusion Early-onset GDM diagnosed by OGTT at 18 to 20 gws is associated with maternal and neonatal metabolic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further randomized controlled trials on the therapeutic efficacy for early-onset GDM will confirm the significance of early screening for GDM.

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Szczerbinski, Lukasz, Mark A. Taylor, Anna Citko, Maria Gorska, Steen Larsen, Hady Razak Hady, and Adam Kretowski. "Clusters of Glycemic Response to Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests Explain Multivariate Metabolic and Anthropometric Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 8 (July 24, 2019): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081091.

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Glycemic responses to bariatric surgery are highly heterogeneous among patients and defining response types remains challenging. Recently developed data-driven clustering methods have uncovered subtle pathophysiologically informative patterns among patients without diabetes. This study aimed to explain responses among patients with and without diabetes to bariatric surgery with clusters of glucose concentration during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs). We assessed 30 parameters at baseline and at four subsequent follow-up visits over one year on 154 participants in the Bialystok Bariatric Surgery Study. We applied latent trajectory classification to OGTTs and multinomial regression and generalized linear mixed models to explain differential responses among clusters. OGTT trajectories created four clusters representing increasing dysglycemias that were discordant from standard diabetes diagnosis criteria. The baseline OGTT cluster increased the predictive power of regression models by over 31% and aided in correctly predicting more than 83% of diabetes remissions. Principal component analysis showed that the glucose homeostasis response primarily occurred as improved insulin sensitivity concomitant with improved the OGTT cluster. In sum, OGTT clustering explained multiple, correlated responses to metabolic surgery. The OGTT is an intuitive and easy-to-implement index of improvement that stratifies patients into response types, a vital first step in personalizing diabetic care in obese subjects.

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Kabadi, Udaya, Sarah Exley, Michelle Illian, and Larry Lindell. "PSUN176 Fructosamine as a screening test for gestational diabetes." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.774.

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Abstract Background All organizations use variable glucose criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM). However all involve OGTT. American college of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommend 2 step testing; 1) 1 hour glucose level on 50 gm glucose ingestion at any time during the day (1 hour OGTT) and 2) 3 hour OGTT with 100 gm glucose ingestion after overnight fast in pregnant women with glucose > 140 mg/dl during 1 hour. OGTTs require preparation with least daily intake of carbohydrate 150 gm for 3 days before testing. Many women are hesitant getting tested because of nausea, vomiting on glucose ingestion. Thus, none of the tests is convenient. Objective We examined utility of serum Fructosamine level as a screening test for diagnosis of GDM. Methods Random serum glucose and Fructosamine (mcM/l) levels as well as HbA1c (%) were determined at 24-30 weeks in 206 pregnant women, ages 24-40 years along with 1 hour OGTT and then again with 3 hour OGTT in 46 pregnant women with abnormal 1 hour OGTT and 21 age matched non-pregnant women. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 2 weeks was performed in 5 pregnant women with abnormal 3 hour OGTT and 7 non-pregnant women. Results Fructosamine levels (192± 4) were significantly lower (p<0.01) in nondiabetic pregnant women when compared with age matched non-pregnant women (224 ± 5). Cutoff serum Fructosamine concentration between groups was 205. Glucose and HbA1c were not significantly different amongst groups. Serum Fructosamine levels in 26 pregnant with abnormal 1 hour but normal 3 hour OGTT were <205, similar to nondiabetic pregnant women. Serum Fructosamine concentrations in women with abnormal 3 hour OGTT and normal CGM e.g, 70-140 mg /dl matched levels in nondiabetic pregnant women. Conclusion CGM may be the most accurate test for diagnosis of GDM. Random serum Fructosamine level may be as accurate as CGM and more accurate than both OGTTs. Importantly, it is a simple and convenient test without requiring fast, glucose ingestion or preparation. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

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Mogoi, Mirela, Liviu Laurentiu Pop, Mihaela Dediu, and Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca. "Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Compared to the Overweight and Obese: A Different Approach in Understanding the Results." Children 9, no. 4 (April 8, 2022): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9040533.

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(1) Background: In cystic fibrosis (CF), the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is recommended from 10 years old annually to screen and diagnose cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD). Alternative OGTT characteristics (glucose curve shape, time to glucose peak, one-hour glucose value, and three-hour glucose value with the new shape curve) were studied in other populations considered at high risk for diabetes; (2) Methods: The study analyses classical and alternative OGGT characteristics from 44 children (22 CF, 22 obese without CF), mean age: 12.9 ± 2.2 years evaluated in a single-center from Romania. (3) Results: In 59.1% of children with CF, the predominant OGTT pattern was: abnormal glucose metabolism or CFRD, with a monophasic curve shape, a late peak glucose level, and 1 h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL, showing a very different pattern compared with sex and age-matched obese children. Statistical estimation agreement between the late glucose peak (K = 0.60; p = 0.005), the 1 h glucose ≥ 155 mg/dL during OGTT (K = 0.69, p = 0.001), and the classical method of interpretation was found. (4) Conclusions: Late peak glucose and 1 h glucose level ≥ 155 mg/dL during OGTT can be used for diagnosing the early glucose metabolism alteration in children with CF.

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Cuschieri, Sarah, Johann Craus, and Charles Savona-Ventura. "The Role of Untimed Blood Glucose in Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a High Prevalent Diabetic Population." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3984024.

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Global prevalence increase of diabetes type 2 and gestational diabetes (GDM) has led to increased awareness and screening of pregnant women for GDM. Ideally screening for GDM should be done by an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT), which is laborious and time consuming. A randomized glucose test incorporated with anthropomorphic characteristics may be an appropriate cost-effective combined clinical and biochemical screening protocol for clinical practice as well as cutting down on oGTTs. A retrospective observational study was performed on a randomized sample of pregnant women who required an OGTT during their pregnancy. Biochemical and anthropomorphic data along with obstetric outcomes were statistically analyzed. Backward stepwise logistic regression and receiver operating characteristics curves were used to obtain a suitable predictor for GDM without an oGTT and formulate a screening protocol. Significant GDM predictive variables were fasting blood glucose (p=0.0001) and random blood glucose (p=0.012). Different RBG and FBG cutoff points with anthropomorphic characteristics were compared to carbohydrate metabolic status to diagnose GDM without oGTT, leading to a screening protocol. A screening protocol incorporating IADPSG diagnostic criteria, BMI, and different RBG and FBG criteria would help predict GDM among high-risk populations earlier and reduce the need for oGTT test.

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Darukhanavala, Amy, Filia Van Dessel, Jannifer Ho, Megan Hansen, Ted Kremer, and David Alfego. "Use of hemoglobin A1c to identify dysglycemia in cystic fibrosis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 21, 2021): e0250036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250036.

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Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) leads to pancreatic endocrine dysfunction with progressive glycemic disturbance. Approximately 30%–50% of people with CF eventually develop CF–related diabetes (CFRD). Pre-CFRD states progress from indeterminant glycemia (INDET) to impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Screening guidelines recommend inconvenient annual 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), beginning at age 10 years. More efficient methods, such as hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), have been evaluated, but only limited, relatively small studies have evaluated the association between HbA1c and pre-CFRD dysglycemic states. Objective To determine whether HbA1c is an appropriate screening tool for identifying patients with pre-CFRD dysglycemia to minimize the burden of annual OGTTs. Methods This retrospective review evaluated medical records data of all University of Massachusetts Memorial Health System CF patients with an HbA1c result within 90 days of an OGTT between 1997 and 2019. Exclusion criteria were uncertain CF diagnosis, other forms of diabetes, or incomplete OGTT. In total, 56 patients were included and categorized according to OGTT results (American Diabetes Association criteria): normal glucose tolerance, INDET, IFG, or IGT. Associations were evaluated between HbA1c and OGTT results and between HbA1c and pre-CFRD dysglycemic states. Results Mean HbA1c was not significantly different between patients with normal glucose tolerance and those in the INDET (p = 0.987), IFG (p = 0.690), and IGT (p = 0.874) groups. Analysis of variance confirmed the lack of association between HbA1c and glycemia, as mean HbA1c was not significantly different amongst the four categories (p = 0.250). Conclusion There is increasing awareness of the impact of pre-CFRD states, including reduced pulmonary function and nutritional status. Unfortunately, our results do not support using HbA1c as a screening tool for pre-CFRD dysglycemia, specifically INDET, IFG, and IGT. Further studies are warranted to evaluate more efficient screening methods to reduce the burden of annual OGTTs.

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Anderwald, Christian, Amalia Gastaldelli, Andrea Tura, Michael Krebs, Miriam Promintzer-Schifferl, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Marietta Stadler, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Giovanni Pacini, and Martin G. Bischof. "Mechanism and Effects of Glucose Absorption during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Among Females and Males." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 96, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 515–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1398.

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abstract Background: Several epidemiological studies revealed sex-specific differences during oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), such as higher prevalence of glucose intolerance (i.e. increased glucose at the end of the OGTT) in females, which was not yet explained. Thus, we aimed to analyze sex-related distinctions on OGTT glucose metabolism, including gut absorption, in healthy humans. Methods: Females (n = 48) and males (n = 26) with comparable age (females, 45 ± 1 yr; males, 44 ± 2 yr) and body mass index (both, 25 ± 1 kg/m2) but different height (females, 166 ± 1 cm; males, 180 ± 2 cm; P < 0.000001), all normally glucose tolerant, as tested by frequently sampled, 3-h (75-g) OGTTs, underwent hyperinsulinemic [40 mU/(min · m2)] isoglycemic clamp tests with simultaneous measurement of endogenous glucose (d-[6,6-2H2]glucose) production (EGP). EGP and glucose disappearance during OGTT were calculated from logarithmic relationships with clamp test insulin concentrations. After reliable model validation by double-tracer technique (r = 0.732; P < 0.007), we calculated and modeled gut glucose absorption (ABS). Results: Females showed lower (P < 0.05) fasting EGP [1.4 ± 0.1 mg/(kg · min)] than males [1.7 ± 0.1 mg/(kg · min)] but comparable whole-body insulin sensitivity in clamp tests [females, 8.1 ± 0.4 mg/(kg · min); males, 8.3 ± 0.6 mg/(kg · min)]. Plasma glucose OGTT concentrations were higher (P < 0.04) from 30–40 min in males but from 120–180 min in females. Glucose absorption rates were 21–46% increased in the initial 40 min in males but in females by 27–40% in the third hour (P < 0.05). Gut glucose half-life was markedly higher in females (79 ± 2 min) than in males (65 ± 3 min, P < 0.0001) and negatively related to body height (r = −0.481; P < 0.0001). Conclusions: This study in healthy, glucose-tolerant humans shows for the first time different ABS rates during OGTT in women and men and a negative relationship between body height and gut glucose half-life. Prolonged ABS in females might therefore contribute to higher plasma glucose concentrations at the end of OGTT.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "OGTT"

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Wienbeck, Carsten. "Diagnostischer Nutzen der Kombination eines oralen Glukosetoleranztests (OGTT) und der Dichtegradientenzentrifugation bei Patienten mit Hyperlipoproteinämien und Diabetes mellitus Typ 2." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96521544X.

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Menzel, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Blutzucker-Vergleichsmessung beim oralen Glucose-Toleranz-Test (oGTT) zwischen dem Nova Biomedical StatStrip™ Blutzuckermessgerät und der Standardlabormethode / Stefan Menzel." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016608101/34.

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Schöps, Daniela [Verfasser]. "Charakterisierung der Glukosestoffwechsellage mittels oGTT bei Personen mit Adipositas unter Berücksichtigung der Insulinsensitivität, Insulinsekretion, des HbA1c, der Dyslipoproteinämie und der Prävalenz einer Fettleber / Daniela Schöps." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051674352/34.

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Piccinini, Francesca. "Development and use of a novel model of hepatic insulin extraction during an oral test." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423981.

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The regulation of glucose metabolism, in healthy subjects, is based on a complex control system which aims to maintain plasma glucose concentrations within a narrow range (70÷180 mg/dl). Insulin, a hormone secreted by pancreatic beta-cells, is fundamental in maintaining glucose homeostasis, by reducing liver glucose production, while promoting its utilization by the insulin-dependent organs. The inability of beta-cells to adequately secrete insulin creates metabolic disorders which can result in glucose intolerance and even diabetes mellitus. There are two different kinds of diabetes: type 1 diabetes (T1DM), characterized by a total inability of pancreatic beta-cells to secrete insulin, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), in which, because of insulin resistance, tissues are unable to appropriately utilize glucose, and insulin secretion is unable to compensate for this defect. Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes, a complete understanding of all the mechanisms involved in the glucose regulation system is essential. The liver is a fundamental organ in glucose regulation, since it is also responsible for circulating insulin levels by extracting about 50% of insulin appearing in the portal circulation, with every passage through it. A quantitative estimation of hepatic insulin extraction (HE), both in basal and dynamic physiological conditions (such as after an oral glucose load) is therefore a key aspect for a systematic description of glucose metabolism. Since a direct measurement of HE is very invasive, requiring the insertion of catheters into the portal and hepatic veins, indirect methods employing mathematical models are used. Such models require measurement of plasma concentrations and knowledge of the kinetics of C-peptide, and insulin secretion and clearance. This is facilitated by the fact that insulin and C-peptide are secreted in a 1:1 ratio by the beta-cells, and that the liver extracts insulin, but not C-peptide. The first model available in the literature for assessing HE was developed by Toffolo et al. and describes HE during an insulin modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IM-IVGTT); this model estimates the insulin secretion rate (ISR) and the insulin delivery rate (IDR) from C-peptide and insulin concentrations, respectively. HE is subsequently derived from these two fluxes. More recently, Campioni et al. proposed a model to estimate HE after meal ingestion. In this case HE is described as a piecewise linear function, with a fixed number of breakpoints, which are the model parameters to be estimated. The main limitation of this approach is that, although allowing a reconstruction of the HE profile, it does not provide a mechanistic relationship between the involved variables, and thus the resulting model parameters do not have an easy physiological interpretation. Moreover, model structure makes the parameter identification vulnerable to noise, since the HE profile may vary rapidly to fit fluctuations in peripheral insulin concentrations. The aim of this work is to overcome the disadvantages of the available HE description by proposing a new physiological model of insulin kinetics and extraction. The best model is selected from seven, including an increasing number of compartments and different mechanistic descriptions of HE, each taking into account the influence of one or more modifiers, such as plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. In fact, during an oral test, one observes that, while glucose and insulin concentrations rise, the HE time course decreases in the meantime. These models are tested against data of a frequently sampled mixed meal (21 plasma samples) measured in 204 healthy subjects. The best model was selected according to standard criteria (ability to describe the data, precision of parameter estimates, model parsimony). Such a model describes insulin kinetics with three compartments, and HE as a function of plasma glucose concentration. One of the peculiarities of this model is to provide an index of HE sensitivity to glucose (SGHE), besides total (HEtot) and basal (HEb) HE indexes, already adopted in the literature. Moreover, the new model performs well even in data sets with less frequent sampling (11 samples). The new model was then applied to three further databases, involving subjects with different degrees of glucose tolerance, studied with a standard mixed meal or the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The first data set is composed of 62 prediabetic subjects (including healthy, glucose intolerant subjects, and subjects with impaired fasting glucose), who underwent a triple tracer mixed meal and an OGTT. The model was able to describe data during both the tests, and HE indexes are shown to correlate with the degree of dysfunction in glucose metabolism. The second data set consists of 11 healthy and 14 T2DM subjects, matched for age, weight and body mass index (BMI), who underwent a mixed meal test with the triple tracer technique. Also in this case, the new model predicts the data, and the estimated HE indexes (HEb, HEtot, SGHE) differ significantly between the two groups. The last database is composed of 14 subjects with T2DM who were treated with vildagliptin or placebo before the meal; moreover, at t = 300 min, 0.02 unit/kg insulin was administered intravenously (over a 5-min period), thus allowing a better estimation of insulin kinetics. In this case the model was used in two different ways: at first, analyzing all the available plasma samples, then, neglecting the insulin infusion and just considering the former part of the test. Interestingly, the model provided a good correlation among the HE parameters in these two different occasions. In summary, we have developed a model of insulin kinetics which contains a new physiological description of HE. This model allows a good prediction of the available data during meals and OGTT in all the spectrum of glucose tolerance (healthy, intolerant and T2DM), also providing a powerful new index of HE sensitivity to glucose.
La regolazione del metabolismo del glucosio, in soggetti sani, si basa su un complesso sistema di controllo, che mira a mantenerne la concentrazione plasmatica in un range limitato (70÷180 mg/dl). L'insulina, un ormone secreto dalle beta-cellule pancreatiche, ha un ruolo fondamentale nell'omeostasi del glucosio, riducendone la produzione epatica, e stimolandone l'utilizzazione da parte degli organi insulino-dipendenti. L'incapacitá da parte delle beta-cellule di secernere adeguatamente l'insulina puó creare problemi metabolici, che possono anche provocare uno stato di intolleranza al glucosio, o addirittura il diabete mellito. Esistono due diversi tipi di diabete: il diabete di tipo 1 (T1DM), caratterizzato da una totale impossibilitá di secernere insulina da parte delle beta-cellule pancreatiche, e il tipo 2 (T2DM), in cui, a causa dell'insulino-resistenza, i tessuti non riescono a utilizzare adeguatamente il glucosio, e la secrezione insulinica è insufficiente per compensare questo difetto. Data la crescente diffusione del diabete, comprendere tutti i meccanismi coinvolti nel sistema di regolazione del glucosio è molto importante. Il fegato è un organo fondamentale nella regolazione del glucosio, poichè è anche responsabile dei livelli di insulina plasmatica, estraendone circa il 50% dalla circolazione portale, ad ogni passaggio attraverso di esso. La quantificazione dell'estrazione insulinica epatica (HE), sia in condizioni basali che in condizioni dinamiche (come per esempio dopo un carico orale di glucosio), è quindi fondamentale per descrivere il metabolismo del glucosio. Dato che una misura diretta di HE è molto invasiva, richiedendo l'inserzione di cateteri nella vena porta e epatica, si preferisce utilizzare metodi indiretti, basati sui modelli matematici. Tali modelli richiedono misure delle concentrazioni plasmatiche, e la conoscenza della cinetica del C-peptide, della secrezione e della degradazione dell'insulina. È infatti noto che insulina e C-peptide sono secreti in maniera equimolare dalle beta-cellule pancreatiche, ma soltanto l'insulina viene poi estratta dal fegato. Il primo modello disponibile in letteratura per descrivere HE è stato sviluppato da Toffolo et al., e descrive HE durante un insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IM-IVGTT); questo modello fornisce una stima della secrezione insulinica (ISR) e della velocitá di comparsa dell'insulina nel plasma (IDR), rispettivamente dalle concentrazioni di C-peptide e insulina. HE viene quindi calcolata da questi due flussi. Piú recentemente, Campioni et al. hanno proposto un modello di stima di HE durante pasto. In questo caso HE è descritta come una funzione lineare a tratti, con un numero prefissato di punti, che sono i parametri stimati dal modello. La limitazione principale di questo approccio è che, benchè il profilo di HE venga ricostruito, non è fornita una relazione meccanicistica tra le variabili coinvolte, e quindi i parametri del modello non hanno un'immediata interpretazione fisiologica. Inoltre, la struttura del modello rende l'identificazione parametrica sensibile al rumore, poichè il profilo di HE puó essere soggetto a rapide variazioni a seguito delle fluttuazioni della concentrazione di insula periferica. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quindi di superare gli svantaggi della descrizione di HE attualmente disponibile, proponendo un nuovo modello fisiologico della cinetica e estrazione dell'insulina. Il modello migliore viene selezionato tra sette nuovi modelli, che includono un numero di compartimenti crescente, e diverse descrizioni fisiologiche di HE, ciascuna contenente l'influenza di uno o piú controlli, come le concentrazioni plasmatiche di glucosio e insulina. Infatti, durante un test orale è possibile osservare che, mentre le concentrazioni di glucosio e insulina salgono, il profilo temporale di HE decresce. Questi modelli sono stati testati in 204 soggetti sani studiati con un pasto misto e campionato frequentemente (21 campioni). Il modello migliore è quindi stato selezionato in base a criteri standard (abilitá di predizione dei dati, precisione delle stime parametriche, parsimonia). Tale modello risulta comprendere una descrizione della cinetica dell'insulina a tre compartimenti, dove HE è funzione della concentrazione di glucosio. Una delle peculiarietá del modello è la possibilitá di ottenere un indice di sensibilitá di HE al glucosio (SGHE), oltre agli usuali indici basale (HEb) e totale (HEtot) di HE, giá presenti in letteratura. Inoltre, il nuovo modello fornisce buone performance anche in dati raccolti con un campionamento standard, quindi meno frequente (11 campioni). Il modello selezionato è stato quindi utilizzato in altri tre diversi database, costituiti da soggetti con vari gradi di tolleranza al glucosio, studiati durante un pasto misto standard, o un test orale di tolleranza al glucosio (OGTT). Il primo data set impiegato è composto da 62 soggetti prediabetici (ovvero sani, intolleranti al glucosio, e soggetti con ridotta glicemia a digiuno), sottoposti sia a un pasto misto con triplo tracciante, sia a un OGTT. Il modello si è dimostrato in grado di descrivere i dati adeguatamente durante entrambi i test, e gli indici di HE mostrano una correlazione con il grado di disfunzione nel metabolismo del glucosio. Il secondo data set consiste di 11 soggetti sani e 14 T2DM, di simile etá, peso e indice di massa corporea (BMI), sottoposti a pasto misto con triplo tracciante. Anche in questo caso il nuovo modello è in grado di predire i dati, e gli indici di HE (HEb, HEtot, SGHE) risultano significativamente diversi nei due gruppi. L'ultimo database è costituito da 14 soggetti T2DM, trattati sia con vildagliptin che con placebo prima del pasto; inoltre in t = 300 min, sono state somministrate 0.02 unitá/kg di insulina per via endovenosa (in un periodo di 5 minuti), permettendo quindi una migliore stima della cinetica dell'insulina. In questo caso il modello è stato usato in due modi differenti: prima analizzando tutti i campioni plasmatici a disposizione, quindi, successivamente, trascurando l'infusione di insulina, e considerando solo la parte iniziale del test. Un risultato interessante riguarda il fatto che il modello fornisce una buona correlazione tra i parametri di HE, calcolati nelle due diverse identificazioni. Quindi, riassumendo, è stato sviluppato un modello della cinetica dell'insulina, contenente una nuova descrizione fisiologica di HE. Questo modello permette una buona predizione dei dati disponibili durante pasto e OGTT, in tutto lo spettro di tolleranza al glucosio (soggetti sani, intolleranti e T2DM), fornendo inoltre un nuovo indice di sensibilitá di HE al glucosio.

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Mahdavian, Masoud. "Dépistage précoce du diabète gestationnel." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8022.

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Résumé : L’aggravation de certaines caractéristiques cliniques des femmes enceintes (âge, poids) et l’augmentation de la prévalence du diabète gestationnel (DG) poussent à dépister le DG le plus tôt possible pour éviter chez la mère et le fœtus les complications à court et à long terme. Le dépistage du DG est recommandé à 24-28 semaines de grossesse, et le plus souvent un test de tolérance à 50g de glucose (TTG) est réalisé. Pour les femmes qui ont des facteurs de risque, ce test doit être effectué plus précocement, habituellement pendant le premier trimestre de la grossesse. Cette dernière recommandation est peu suivie, d’autant qu’il n’y a pas de consensus international sur le dépistage du DG pendant le premier trimestre de la grossesse. Objectifs. 1) Définir au premier trimestre de la grossesse la valeur de la glycémie du TTG qui prédit le diagnostic de DG à 24-28 semaines avec une sensibilité et une spécificité optimales à l’aide d’une courbe ROC. 2) Déterminer si la glycémie du TTG au premier trimestre est un facteur prédictif indépendant du DG. Méthodes. Étude prospective de cohorte. Les facteurs d'inclusion étaient : âge ≥ 18 ans et âge gestationnel entre 6 et 13 semaines après la dernière menstruation. Les TTG ont été effectués à la première visite prénatale. Une deuxième visite était programmée à 24-28 semaines pour faire une hyperglycémie provoquée par voie orale (HGPO) et donc un éventuel diagnostic de DG. Les critères utilisés pour ce diagnostic étaient ceux de l’Association américaine du diabète. Résultats. Les TTG ont été faits à 9,1±2,0 semaines et les HGPO à 26.5±1.1semaines chez 1180 femmes (28,2±4,4 ans, IMC : 25,2±5,5 kg/m[indice supérieur 2]). Un DG a été diagnostiqué chez 100 (8,4%) participantes. La valeur de glycémie du TTG à 5,6 mmol/L a prédit le DG avec une sensibilité de 84,1% et une spécificité de 62,3%, tandis que la valeur prédictive positive était de 0,121 et la valeur prédictive négative de 0,985. Cette valeur de 5,6 était indépendamment associée au DG (OR=2,806, IC 95%: 1,98 à 3,97, p <0,001). Comparé à d'autres facteurs de risque, le TTG était le plus puissant prédicteur indépendant du DG (OR=1,767, IC 95%: 1,52 à 2,05, p <0,001). Conclusions. Au premier trimestre, la valeur glycémie de 5.6 mmol/L du TTG prédit avec une bonne sensibilité et spécificité l’apparition d’un DG à 24-28 semaines. La glycémie du TTG au premier trimestre est le plus puissant prédicteur indépendant de DG.
Abstract : The changes in clinical characteristics of pregnant women and an increase in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) warrant the importance of screening as early as possible in order to possibly prevent short and long-term complications in both the mother and fetus. GDM screening is recommended at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy, using a 50g glucose challenge test (GCT) although women with multiple risk factors are expected to be assessed “early” in pregnancy, a recommendation poorly followed. Most importantly, there is no universal agreement currently in place for GDM screening, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy. Objectives. 1) To define the cut-off value of GCT during the first trimester in order to predict GDM diagnosed at 24-28 weeks of gestation with optimal sensitivity and specificity using ROC curve. 2) To determine if GCT during the first trimester of pregnancy is an independent predictor of GDM diagnosed at 24-28 weeks gestation. Methods. This is a prospective cohort study. Women were recruited at their first prenatal visit. Inclusion factors were: age ≥ 18 years and gestational age between 6 and 13 weeks from their last menstrual period. GCT were performed at the first prenatal visit. The second visit was scheduled at 24-28 weeks for the diagnostic 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). GDM diagnosis was made in accordance with the American Diabetes Association guidelines. A variety of statistical analysis including multivariate logistic regression models and ROC curve were used to address the aims of the study. Results. Participants (n=1180, age: 28.2±4.4 years, BMI: 25.2±5.5 kg/m[superscript 2]) underwent GCT at 9.1±2.0 weeks and OGTT at 26.5±1.1 weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed in 100 (8.4%) women. The cut-off value of 5.6 mmol/L predicted GDM with 84.1% (75.4-92.7) sensitivity, 62.3% (59.5-65.1) specificity, while the positive predictive value was 0.121 (0.091-0.150) and the negative predictive value was 0.985 (0.975-0.994). This 5.6 value was independently associated with GDM (OR=2.806, 95% CI: 1.98-3.97, p<0.001). Compared to other risk factors, GCT was the strongest independent predictor of GDM (OR=1.767, 95% CI: 1.52-2.05, p<0.001). Conclusions. The cut-off value of 5.6 mmol/L has the optimal sensitivity and specificity for the GCT during the first trimester to predict GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation according to ADA guidelines. GCT during the first trimester is the strongest independent predictor of GDM at 24-28 weeks of gestation.

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Heath, Ashleigh E. "Comparison of Screening Methods for Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Race/Ethnicity and Gender." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/202.

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INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Current screening guidelines for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus note that there are discrepancies in diagnosing the disease using the fasting plasma glucose test, oral glucose tolerance test, and HbA1c in high-risk populations. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of screening methods for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes by race/ethnicity and gender. METHODS: Secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) were performed using SPSS 19.0. Screening outcomes were assessed and compared for a sample of n=10,566, NHW, NHB, MA, and Multiracial/other men and women. Analyses included cross tabulations, ANOVA and partial correlations to establish disease prevalence, effectiveness of screenings, and statistical significance. RESULTS: It was found that the HbA1c test is comparable in precision, and is correlated with the FPG for racial and ethnic minorities. The specificities for detecting pre-diabetes using the HbA1c were higher (64-66%) for these groups than by using the standard, FPG screening method (42-49%). There were no strong, significant differences for screening effectiveness for men versus women. DISCUSSION: This study revealed that the HbA1c test might be an effective method for screening for pre-diabetes in racial and ethnic minorities instead of the FPG test alone. Screening in high-risk populations will help delay the onset of T2DM, with increased prevention during the pre-clinical phase.

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Rezki, Amel. "Le petit déjeuner standardisé. Un outil diagnostique du statut glycémique et des modifications cardiovasculaires postprandiales ? : Comparaison vs la charge en glucose ; et explorations cardiovasculaires sous saxagliptine vs placebo chez des patients intolérants au glucose." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD029.

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Les phénomènes métaboliques postprandiaux sont primordiaux à la fois pour caractériser le statut glycémique (normal, prédiabète ou diabète, diagnostiqués au mieux par la charge orale de 75g en glucose (HGPO)) mais aussi en raison de modifications cardiovasculaires induites par la prise alimentaire. Un petit-déjeuner standardisé comprenant 75g de glucides (PDJ) pourrait être une alternative. Les holters glycémiques nous ont permis de montrer une grande concordance de l'amplitude/cinétique de la réponse métabolique (glycémies, index d’insulinorésistance, variabilité glycémique) à l’HGPO vs PDJ chez des sujets obèses sans diabète connu. Le PDJ offrait de bonnes performances diagnostiques. Nous l’avons également utilisé chez des patients obèses présentant une intolérance au glucose(étude ACCES) pour explorer les modifications métaboliques et cardiovasculaires (fonction endothéliale, microcirculation, système nerveux autonome, rigidité artérielle, fonction myocardique) avant et après PDJ selon que les patients avaient été randomisés pour un traitement de 12 semaines par saxagliptine, un inhibiteur de la dipeptidyl 4 (iDPP4), ou son placebo. Nous avons montré que ce traitement permettait la régression de l’intolérance au glucose pour 9 patients sur 10 dans le bras saxagliptine contre 4 sur 9 dans le bras placebo. Nous n’avons pas observé de modifications de nos paramètres cardiovasculaires d’intérêt sous iDPP4 vs placebo, à la fois à jeun et après le PDJ, après une seule prise et après les 12 semaines de traitement. Seule la diminution postprandiale de l’activité vagale était plus soutenue sous saxagliptine. Ces résultats sont en faveur de la sécurité cardiovasculaire de la saxagliptine. Au total, le PDJ standardisé apparaît être un test diagnostique de dysglycémie prometteur car de réalisation simple avec une bonne tolérance. Il peut également être utilisé pour explorer les modifications cardiovasculaires après un repas mixte, de façon plus physiologique qu’après HGPO
Postprandial metabolic changes are essential both to characterize glycemic status (normal, prediabetes or diabetes, best diagnosed by oral 75g glucose tolerance test of (OGTT)) but also because of cardiovascular changes induced by food intake. A standardized breakfast with 75g carbohydrates (SB) could be an alternative. The continuous glucose monitoring allowed us to show a great concordance of the amplitude / kinetics of the metabolic response (glycemia, insulin resistance indexes, glucose variability) after OGTT vs after SB in obese subjects without known diabetes. The SB also offered good diagnostic performance. We also used the SB to explore fasting and postprandial metabolic and cardiovascular changes (endothelial function, microcirculation, autonomic nervous system, arterial stiffness, myocardial function) in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance (ACCES study), according to randomiziation to a 12-week treatment with Saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl 4 inhibitor (iDPP4), or its placebo. We showed that this treatment allowed the regression of glucose intolerance for 9 patients out of 10 in the saxagliptin arm against 4 out of 9 in the placebo arm. We did not observe any change in our cardiovascular parameters according to iDPP4 vs placebo, both at fasting and after the SB, after a single dose and after 12 weeks of treatment. Only the decrease in postprandial vagal activity was more sustained in the saxagliptin group.These results support the cardiovascular safety of saxagliptin.To conclude, the SB appears to be a promising diagnostic test for dysglycemia, as it is simple and well tolerated. It can also be used to explore cardiovascular changes after a mixed meal,with more physiological modifications than after OGTT

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Kondo, Yaeko. "The study of plasma glucose level and insulin secretion capacity after glucose load in Japanese." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215958.

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Reynaud, Quitterie. "Changements phénotypiques de la mucoviscidose, à propos du diabète associé à la mucoviscidose : évolution naturelle des troubles du métabolisme glucidique, impact pronostique et stratégie de dépistage." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1292.

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L’amélioration de l’espérance de vie des patients atteints de mucoviscidose est associée à l’apparition de comorbidités dont le diabète est la plus fréquente. L’objectif de ce travail est de mieux déterminer l’impact pronostique du diabète et des valeurs élevées des temps précoces du test d’hyperglycémie provoquée par voie orale (HGPO). Nous présentons et discutons quatre études sur l’évolution naturelle et l’impact pronostique des troubles du métabolisme glucidique associés à la mucoviscidose. Nous présentons ensuite deux études sur l’impact du diabète dans des situations spécifiques : la grossesse et la transplantation pulmonaire. Nous retenons les éléments suivants : les variations du statut glucidique intra-individuel sont très importantes au cours du temps, et nos résultats nuancent l’impact péjoratif du diabète décrit dans la littérature, et celui des valeurs élevées de glycémie et d’insulinémie à 1 heure du test HGPO. Les perspectives de recherche sont de poursuivre l’implémentation de la cohorte GLYCONE pour gagner en effectif et durée de suivi, d’évaluer l’association entre apports alimentaires et trouble du métabolisme glucidique, d’élaborer un processus de décision médicale partagée pour l’instauration d’une insulinothérapie pour les profils de patients stables, de déterminer la consommation de soins et les coûts de prise en charge des patients diabétiques, et d’évaluer les changements épidémiologiques induits par les modulateurs du CFTR sur la prévalence et ll’âge d’apparition du diabète et son pronostic
Life expectancy improvement for cystic fibrosis patients is associated with comorbidities with diabetes being the most common. The objective of this work is to better determine the prognosis impact of diabetes and high values of early times of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We present and discuss four studies on the natural evolution and prognosis impact of glucose metabolism disorders associated with cystic fibrosis. We then present two studies on the impact of diabetes in specific situations: pregnancy and lung transplantation. The following elements are important: changes in intra-individual glucose status are very important over time, and our results qualify the pejorative impact of diabetes described in the literature, and that of high blood glucose and insulin levels at one hour of the OGTT. The research perspectives are to continue the implementation of the GLYCONE cohort to increase the number of participants and the duration of follow-up, to evaluate the association between dietary intake and carbohydrate metabolism disorder, to develop a shared medical decision-making process for the introduction of insulin therapy for stable patient profiles, to determine the consumption of care and the costs of management of diabetic patients, and evaluate the epidemiological changes induced by CFTR modulators on the prevalence and the age of onset of diabetes and its prognosis

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Jauslin-Stetina, Petra. "Mechanism-Based Modeling of the Glucose-Insulin Regulation during Clinical Provocation Experiments." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8719.

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Books on the topic "OGTT"

1

Martínez, Rafael. Manual del perfecto OGT. México, D.F: Editorial Diana, 2006.

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Grigorʹeva, Svetlana (Arkhipova, Svetlana Dmitrievna). Laĭėl, kushto Targyltysh-vlak ogyt male: Ĭomak-povestʹ. Ĭoshkar-Ola: MUP "Selʹskie vesti", 2008.

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Kucinski, Steve. OGT: Ohio graduation test in reading and writing. Hauppauge, N.Y: Barron's Educational Series, 2008.

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T︠S︡akhilgaan, D. Ogt orgu̇ĭn tolʹ =: Mirrors of void = Zerkala nebytii︠a︡. Ulaanbaatar: [s.n.], 2000.

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Kucinski, Steve. OGT: Ohio graduation test in reading and writing. Hauppauge, N.Y: Barron's Educational Series, 2008.

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Gnibidenko, Gelios Sergeevich. Struktura glubokovodnykh zhelobov Tikhogo okeana, po dannym MOV-OGT. Vladivostok: Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR, Dalʹnevostochnoe otd-nie, 1987.

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1943-, Ochieng' William Robert, and Ogot Bethwell A, eds. A Modern history of Kenya, 1895-1980: In honour of B.A. Ogot. Nairobi: Evans Brothers (Kenya), 1989.

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Ogot, Bethwell Allan. The challenges of history and leadership in Africa: The essays of Bethwell Allan Ogot. Trenton NJ: Africa World Press, 2003.

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Toyin, Falola, and Atieno Odhiambo, E. S., 1946-, eds. The challenges of history and leadership in Africa: The essays of Bethwell Allan Ogot. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2002.

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Show what you know on the OGT: Science, for grade 10. Columbus, OH: Show What You Know, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "OGTT"

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Jensen, Chad D., Amy F. Sato, Elissa Jelalian, Elizabeth R. Pulgaron, Alan M. Delamater, Chad D. Jensen, Amy F. Sato, et al. "Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1389. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_769.

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Carrillo, Adriana. "Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1567. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_769.

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Thome, J., Y. Taneli, L. Frölich, G. A. Wiesbeck, M. Rösler, and P. Riederer. "Glukose- und Insulinspiegel im Serum nach oralem Glukose-Toleranz-Test (OGTT) bei Patienten mit Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ (DAT)." In Aktuelle Perspektiven der Biologischen Psychiatrie, 97–100. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6889-9_18.

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Lind, T., and P. R. Philips. "A Prospective Multicentre Study to Determine the Influence of Pregnancy upon the 75-g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)." In Carbohydrate Metabolism in Pregnancy and the Newborn · IV, 209–26. London: Springer London, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1680-6_19.

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Caldara, E., M. E. Malighetti, R. Castoldi, D. Giudici, and A. Secchi. "Clinical Impact and Predictive Role of OGTT as a Marker of Longterm Loss of Function in Patients Submitted to Pancreas Transplantation." In Late Graft Loss, 179. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5434-5_23.

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Masolo, Dismas. "Ogot, Grace Akinyi." In Encyclopedia of African Religions and Philosophy, 534. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-2068-5_293.

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Matzke, Christine. "Ogot, Grace Emily Akinyi." In Metzler Autorinnen Lexikon, 397–98. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03702-2_275.

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Banerjee, Partha, and Gerald W. Hart. "O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) Transferase (UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine: Polypeptide-N-Acetylglucosaminyl Transferase) (OGT)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 393–408. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_48.

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Kühnert, M., A. Steinborn, and E. Halberstadt. "Die Wertigkeit des Glukosebelastungstests (OGT) im Routinescreening als Suchtest auf Gestationsdiabetes zwischen der 26.–29. Schwangerschaftswoche." In Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe 1994, 571–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79885-6_94.

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"oGTT." In Springer Reference Medizin, 1777. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_312786.

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Conference papers on the topic "OGTT"

1

Köninger, A., A. Mathan, P. Mach, B. Schmidt, M. Frank, A. Gellhaus, E. Schleußner, H. Dieplinger, and R. Kimmig. "Afamin – ein Surrogatparameter für einen pathologischen 75 g-OGTT in der Schwangerschaft." In 28. Deutscher Kongress für Perinatale Medizin. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1607815.

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Moon, B. U., K. J. C. Wientjes, and A. J. M. Schoonen. "Microdialysis Glucose Sensor System Compared With Needle Type Glucose Sensor In Vivo During OGTT And Physical Exercise." In 2006 5th IEEE Conference on Sensors. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2007.355793.

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Raio, N., S. Amylidi-Mohr, B. Mosimann, D. Surbek, M. Fiedler, C. Stettler, and L. Raio. "The Bernese Gestational Diabetes (GDM) Project: Postpartum Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) in women after gestational diabetes." In 62. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe – DGGG'18. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1671116.

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Gunawan, Richard, I. Nyoman Enrich Lister, Edy Fachrial, and Chrismis Novalinda Ginting. "Phytochemical and Hypoglycemia Effect Test Using Extract of Barangan Banana Peel with OGTT in Male White Rats Induced with Sucrose." In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Health, Instrumentation & Measurement, and Natural Sciences (InHeNce). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inhence52833.2021.9537289.

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Rett, Kristian, Kathrin Graser, Isabel Schwarz, Jana Borntraeger, Claudia Santjohanser, and Franziska Wiesent. "Die erweiterte Analyse von oralen Glukosetoleranztests (oGTT) bei übergewichtigen jungen Frauen mit polyzystischem Ovarsyndrom (PCOS) ermöglicht die Phänotypisierung und Zuordnung in Diabetes-Risikocluster sowie eine neue Sichtweise auf den Stoffwechseleffekt des Metformins (#61)." In Abstracts des Adipositas-Kongresses 2022 zur 38. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Adipositas Gesellschaft e.V. DAG. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1755712.

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Fang Lei, Jun Cheng, Siyu Guo, and Feng Zhang. "A locating algorithm based on OGHT for PCB mark orientation." In 2010 International Conference on Information, Networking and Automation (ICINA 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icina.2010.5636529.

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Chen, Po-Han, Timothy J. Smith, Jianli Wu, Michael Boyce, and Jen-Tsan Ashley Chi. "Abstract 5457: OGT restrains the NRF2 antioxidant pathway via O-GlcNAcylation of KEAP1." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5457.

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Hu, Yue, Juntao Li, Xi Li, Gang Pan, and Mingliang Xu. "Knowledge-Guided Agent-Tactic-Aware Learning for StarCraft Micromanagement." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/204.

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As an important and challenging problem in artificial intelligence (AI) game playing, StarCraft micromanagement involves a dynamically adversarial game playing process with complex multi-agent control within a large action space. In this paper, we propose a novel knowledge-guided agent-tactic-aware learning scheme, that is, opponent-guided tactic learning (OGTL), to cope with this micromanagement problem. In principle, the proposed scheme takes a two-stage cascaded learning strategy which is capable of not only transferring the human tactic knowledge from the human-made opponent agents to our AI agents but also improving the adversarial ability. With the power of reinforcement learning, such a knowledge-guided agent-tactic-aware scheme has the ability to guide the AI agents to achieve high winning-rate performances while accelerating the policy exploration process in a tactic-interpretable fashion. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme against the state-of-the-art approaches in several benchmark combat scenarios.

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Min, Kyeong-Sik, and Manh-Dat Vu. "An Analysis of Reliable FDTD using OGT and Effective Permittivity Boundary Solution for Yee's Cell Structures." In 2007 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference - (APMC 2007). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.2007.4554598.

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Poulose, Ninu, Rebecca E. Steele, Sarah Maguire, Simon McDade, and Ian G. Mills. "Abstract LB-098: ChIP-seq studies unravel novel AR and OGT co-regulated genes in prostate cancer cells." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2019; March 29-April 3, 2019; Atlanta, GA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-lb-098.

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Reports on the topic "OGTT"

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Bannochie, C. Results of Hg speciation testing on DWPF SMECT-8, OGCT-1, AND OGCT-2 samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1240863.

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Olszewski, Neil, and David Weiss. Role of Serine/Threonine O-GlcNAc Modifications in Signaling Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696544.bard.

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Significant evidence suggests that serine/threonine-O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine0-(GlcNAc) modifications play a central role in the regulation of plant signaling networks. Forexample, mutations in SPINDLY,) SPY (an O-GlcNAc transferase,) OGT (promote gibberellin GA) (signal transduction and inhibit cytokinin responses. In addition, mutating both Arabidopsis OGTsSEC (and SPY) causes embryo lethality. The long-term goal of this research is to elucidate the mechanism by which Arabidopsis OGTs regulate signaling networks. This project investigated the mechanisms of O-GlcNAc regulation of cytokinin and gibberellin signaling, identified additional processes regulated by this modification and investigated the regulation of SEC activity. Although SPY is a nucleocytoplasmic protein, its site of action and targets were unknown. Severalstudies suggested that SPY acted in the nucleus where it modified nuclear components such as the DELLA proteins. Using chimeric GFP-SPY fused to a nuclear-export signal or to a nuclear-import signal, we showed that cytosolic, but not nuclear SPY, regulated cytokinin and GA signaling. We also obtained evidence suggesting that GA and SPY affect cytokinin signaling via a DELLA-independent pathway. Although SEC and SPY were believed to have overlapping functions, the role of SEC in cytokinin and GA signaling was unclear. The role of SEC in cytokinin and GA responses was investigated by partially suppressing SPY expression in secplants using a synthetic Spymicro RNA miR(SPY). The possible contribution of SEC to the regulation of GA and cytokinin signaling wastest by determining the resistance of the miR spy secplants to the GA biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol and to cytokinin. We found that the transgenic plants were resistant to paclobutrazol and to cytokinin, butonlyata level similar to spy. Moreover, expressing SEC under the 35S promoter in spy mutant did not complement the spy mutation. Therefore, we believe that SEC does not act with SPY to regulate GA or cytokinin responses. The cellular targets of Spy are largely unknown. We identified the transcription factor TCP15 in a two-hybrid screen for SPY-interacting proteins and showed that both TCP15 and its closely homolog TCP14 were O-GlcNAc modified by bacterially-produced SEC. The significance of the interaction between SPY and these TCPs was examined by over-expressing the minwild-type and spy-4plants. Overexpression of TCP14 or TCP15 in wild-type background produced phenotypes typical of plants with increased cytokinin and reduced GA signaling. TCP14 overexpression phenotypes were strongly suppressed in the spy background, suggesting that TCP14 and TCP15 affect cytokinin and GA signaling and that SPY activates them. In agreement with this hypothesis, we created a tcp14tcp15 double mutant and found that it has defects similar to spyplants. In animals, O-GlcNAc modification is proposed to regulate the activity of the nuclear pore. Therefore, after discovering that SEC modified a nucleoporinNUP) (that also interacts with SPY, we performed genetic experiments exploring the relationship between NUPs and SPY nupspy double mutants exhibited phenotypes consistent with SPY and NUPs functioning in common processes and nupseeds were resistant to GA biosynthesis inhibitors. All eukaryotic OGTs have a TPR domain. Deletion studies with bacterially-expressed SEC demonstrated SEC'sTPR domain inhibits SEC enzymatic activity. Since the TPR domain interacts with other proteins, we propose that regulatory proteins regulate OGT activity by binding and modulating the inhibitory activity of the TPR domain.

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Bannochie, C., and C. Crawford. Results of Hg Speciation Testing on DWPF Batch 735 RCT and OGCT Samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1188366.

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HICKS, D. F. Letter Report (ETN-98-0005) S-farm Overground Transfer (OGT) Line Design Comparison and BIO Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/797662.

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Nash, Charles, and Matthew Siegfried. Permanganate Oxidation of Actual Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) Slurry Mix Evaporator Condensate Tank (SMECT) and Offgas Condensate Tank (OGCT) Samples to Remediate Glycolate. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1630275.

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HICKS, D. F. Installation Instructions (ETN-98-0005) S-farm Overground Transfer (ogt) System Valve Pit 241-S-B to Valve Pit 241-S-D. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/797663.

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HICKS, D. F. Construction integrity assessment report (ETN-98-0005) S-Farm overground transfer (OGT) system valve pit 241-S-B to valve pit 241-S-D. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/797699.

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Weiss, David, and Neil Olszewski. Manipulation of GA Levels and GA Signal Transduction in Anthers to Generate Male Sterility. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580678.bard.

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The original objectives of the research were: i. To study the role of GA in anther development, ii. To manipulate GA and/or GA signal transduction levels in the anthers in order to generate male sterility. iii. To characterize the GA signal transduction repressor, SPY. Previous studies have suggested that gibberellins (GAs) are required for normal anther development. In this work, we studied the role of GA in the regulation of anther development in petunia. When plants were treated with the GA-biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol, anther development was arrested. Microscopic analysis of these anthers revealed that paclobutrazol inhibits post-meiotic developmental processes. The treated anthers contained pollen grains but the connective tissue and tapetum cells were degenerated. The expression of the GA-induced gene, GIP, can be used in petunia as a molecular marker to: study GA responses. Analyses of GIP expression during anther development revealed that the gene is induced only after microsporogenesis. This observation further suggests a role for GA in the regulation of post-meiotic processes during petunia anther development. Spy acts as a negative regulator of gibberellin (GA) action in Arabidopsis. We cloned the petunia Spy homologue, PhSPY, and showed that it can complement the spy-3 mutation in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of Spy in transgenic petunia plants affected various GA-regulated processes, including seed germination, shoot elongation, flower initiation, flower development and the expression of a GA- induced gene, GIP. In addition, anther development was inhibited in the transgenic plants following microsporogenesis. The N-terminus of Spy contains tetratricopeptide repeats (TPR). TPR motifs participate in protein-protein interactions, suggesting that Spy is part of a multiprotein complex. To test this hypothesis, we over-expressed the SPY's TPR region without the catalytic domain in transgenic petunia and generated a dominant- negative Spy mutant. The transgenic seeds were able to germinate on paclobutrazol, suggesting an enhanced GA signal. Overexpression of PhSPY in wild type Arabidopsis did not affect plant stature, morphology or flowering time. Consistent with Spy being an O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), Spy expressed in insect cells was shown to O-GlcNAc modify itself. Consistent with O-GlcNAc modification playing a role in GA signaling, spy mutants had a reduction in the GlcNAc modification of several proteins. After treatment of the GA deficient, gal mutant, with GA3 the GlcNAc modification of proteins of the same size as those affected in spy mutants exhibited a reduction in GlcNAcylation. GA-induced GlcNAcase may be responsible for this de-GlcNAcylation because, treatment of gal with GA rapidly induced an increase in GlcNAcase activity. Several Arabidopsis proteins that interact with the TPR domain of Spy were identified using yeast two-hybrids screens. One of these proteins was GIGANTEA (GI). Consistent with GI and Spy functioning as a complex in the plant the spy-4 was epistatic to gi. These experiments also demonstrated that, in addition to its role in GA signaling, Spy functions in the light signaling pathways controlling hypocotyl elongation and photoperiodic induction of flowering. A second Arabidopsis OGT, SECRET AGENT (SCA), was discovered. Like SPY, SCA O-GlcNAc modifies itself. Although sca mutants do not exhibit dramatic phenotypes, spy/sca double mutants exhibit male and female gamete and embryo lethality, indicating that Spy and SCA have overlapping functions. These results suggest that O-GlcNAc modification is an essential modification in plants that has a role in multiple signaling pathways.

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