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Journal articles on the topic 'Ohio Valley'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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1

Vicory, A. H., and A. K. Stevenson. "What's a river worth, anyway? A resource valuation survey of the Ohio river." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0562.

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The Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO) is a government agency established in 1948 to control and abate pollution of the interstate waters of the Ohio River Valley. ORSANCO, represented by eight states of the Ohio Valley and the federal government, carries out water quality monitoring and assessment programmes, co-ordinates spill response activities, promulgates pollution control standards for the Ohio River, and co-ordinates the individual programmes of state and federal agencies. ORSANCO recognizes that public and political support are as important to effective river basin management as technical knowledge and activities. Because such support is so closely related to economic interests, ORSANCO and the National Park Service commissioned a survey project in May 1993 to compile readily available data to estimate the “value” of the Ohio River from several key standpoints. This information is intended to draw attention to the national significance of the Ohio River in its economic, cultural and natural resource dimensions, and to illustrate the magnitude of positive economic impacts to be realized by achieving water quality improvements. This project brought together for the first time information that will serve to enhance public and political awareness of the Ohio River Valley, and thus enhance support for aggressive environmental management.

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2

Purtill, Matthew P. "The Road Not Taken: How Early Landscape Learning and Adoption of a Risk-Averse Strategy Influenced Paleoindian Travel Route Decision Making in the Upper Ohio Valley." American Antiquity 86, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2020.96.

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To evaluate a model of the travel-route selection process for upper Ohio Valley Paleoindian foragers (13,500–11,400 cal BP), this study investigates archaeological data through the theoretical framework of landscape learning and risk-sensitive analysis. Following initial trail placement adjacent to a highly visible escarpment landform, Paleoindians adopted a risk-averse strategy to minimize travel outcome variability when wayfaring between Sandy Springs, a significant Ohio River Paleoindian site, and Upper Mercer–Vanport chert quarries of east-central Ohio. Although a least-cost analysis indicates an optimal route through the lower Scioto Valley, archaeological evidence for this path is lacking. Geomorphic and archaeological data further suggest that site absence in the lower Scioto Valley is not entirely due to sampling bias. Instead, evidence indicates that Paleoindians preferred travel within the Ohio Brush Creek–Baker's Fork valley despite its longer path distance through more rugged, constricted terrain. Potential travel through the lower Scioto Valley hypothesizes high outcome variability due to the stochastic nature of the late Pleistocene hydroregime. In this case, perceived outcome variability appears more influential in determining travel-route decisions among Paleoindians than direct efforts to reduce energy and time allocation.

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3

Bogen, Don. "The Architects: Ohio Valley, 200 CE." Colorado Review 44, no. 1 (2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/col.2017.0010.

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4

Froese, Eric. "Classroom Reflections from the Ohio Valley." Civil War History 62, no. 1 (2016): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2016.0001.

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5

Ma, Chen-Geng, Edmund K. M. Chang, Sun Wong, Rui Zhang, Minghua Zhang, and Anthony Del Genio. "Impacts of Storm Track Variations on Wintertime Extreme Precipitation and Moisture Budgets over the Ohio Valley and Northwestern United States." Journal of Climate 33, no. 13 (July 1, 2020): 5371–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0543.1.

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AbstractPrevious studies have shown that variations in extratropical cyclone activity significantly affect the frequency of extreme precipitation events over the Ohio Valley and northwestern United States. In this study, we examine the similarities and differences between the dynamics governing these events in these two regions. In the Ohio Valley, extreme precipitation events are associated with midlatitude synoptic-scale convergence northeast of cyclones and a southwestward oriented ridge near the Atlantic coast that drives strong water vapor transport from the Gulf of Mexico into the Ohio Valley. In the northwestern United States, extreme precipitation events are associated with a cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation pair aligned northwest to southeast, which together drive a long and strong moisture transport corridor from the lower latitude of the central Pacific Ocean toward the northwestern United States. Moisture budget analysis shows that moisture convergence due to dynamical convergence dominates in the Ohio Valley, whereas moisture advection dominates over the Pacific Northwest. Differences between the cases in the same region are examined by an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis conducted on the vertically integrated moisture flux. Different EOFs highlight shifts in spatial location, orientation, and intensity of the moisture flux but demonstrate consistent roles of dynamics in the two regions. Composites based on these EOFs highlight the range of likely synoptic scenarios that can give rise to precipitation extremes over these two regions.

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6

Schulte, Jerry G. "The Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission." Environmental Geosciences 18, no. 4 (December 2011): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/eg.09211111009.

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7

Kolmer, J. A. "Virulence of Puccinia triticina, the Wheat Leaf Rust Fungus, in the United States in 2017." Plant Disease 103, no. 8 (August 2019): 2113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-18-1638-sr.

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Samples of wheat leaves infected with the leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina, were obtained in 2017 from agricultural experiment station plots, demonstration plots, and farm fields in the Great Plains, the Ohio Valley, the southeastern states, California, and Washington in order to determine the prevalent virulence phenotypes present in the United States. A total of 65 virulence phenotypes were identified among the 469 single uredinial isolates that were tested on 20 near-isogenic lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for leaf rust resistance genes. Virulence phenotypes MBTNB at 11.3% of the overall population, and MCTNB at 7.0%, were the first and third most common phenotypes. Both phenotypes were found mostly in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region. Phenotype TFTSB at 10.9% was the second most common phenotype and was found mostly in southern Texas. Virulence to leaf rust resistance gene Lr39, which is present in hard red winter wheat cultivars, was highest in the Great Plains region. Virulence to Lr11 and Lr18, which are present in soft red winter wheat cultivars, was highest in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region. Virulence to Lr21, which is present in hard red spring wheat cultivars, was highest in the northern Great Plains region. The predominate P. triticina phenotypes from the soft red winter wheat regions of the southeastern states and Ohio Valley area differed from those in the hard red winter and hard red spring wheat areas of the Great Plains region. Collections from Washington had unique virulence phenotypes that had not been previously detected.

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8

Leigh, Patricia Randolph. "Interest Convergence and Desegregation in the Ohio Valley." Journal of Negro Education 72, no. 3 (2003): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3211248.

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9

Cayton, Andrew, and Don Heinrich Tolzmann. "Das Ohiotal-The Ohio Valley: The German Dimension." Journal of American History 82, no. 1 (June 1995): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2081981.

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10

Showman, Ray E. "Lichen Recolonization in the Upper Ohio River Valley." Bryologist 93, no. 4 (1990): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3243607.

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11

Gross. "La Salle's Claim and the Ohio River Valley." Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 87, no. 2 (2020): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/pennhistory.87.2.0338.

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12

Sarver, Matthew A., and Chris O. Yoder. "First Records of Freckled Madtom (Noturus nocturnus) in Ohio, USA." Ohio Journal of Science 121, no. 2 (August 30, 2021): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/ojs.v121i2.8033.

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Two new Ohio localities for the Freckled Madtom (Noturus nocturnus Jordan and Gilbert, 1886) were recently discovered. These are the first, and currently only, Freckled Madtom collected in Ohio waters. A single individual was collected in the Scioto River in Scioto County by the Midwest Biodiversity Institute (MBI) and a previously misidentified specimen was collected in the Ohio River at the Hannibal Locks and Dam by the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO). The closest historical records are from the Little Sandy River and Big Sandy River drainages in eastern Kentucky. Other Ohio River collections have been made near the border of Kentucky and Indiana. The origins of the recent Ohio specimens are unknown; whether they emanate from other known populations or have been overlooked altogether is unclear.

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13

Kingsley, Ronald F. "A Regional Study of Six Archaic Sites in the Mahoning Valley of Northeastern Ohio." North American Archaeologist 9, no. 4 (April 1989): 285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/bpxw-45jd-mqgv-r2qp.

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This study deals with a group of six Archaic sites located along the East Branch of the Mahoning River, Trumbull County, Ohio, in the southwestern area of the county which is part of the greater Upper Ohio Valley. Artifacts and debitage were gathered by surface collecting. The data were analyzed to determine the nature of chronological divisions within the Archaic, the presumed settlement types, and the distribution of flint varieties. The findings from these six sites seem to be consistent with results reported in a recent regional study of the Ohio Archaic conducted by Prufer and Long (1986).

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14

Kolmer, J. A., D. L. Long, E. Kosman, and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2001." Plant Disease 87, no. 7 (July 2003): 859–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.7.859.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected wheat leaves by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, Gulf Coast, California, Pacific Northwest, and Atlantic Coast States in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust fungus in 2001. Single uredinial isolates (477 in total) were derived from the wheat leaf rust collections and tested for virulence phenotype on lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lr16, Lr24, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr17, Lr30, LrB, Lr10, Lr14a, and Lr18. The isolates also were tested for virulence on adult plants with leaf rust resistance genes Lr12, Lr13, Lr22a, Lr22b, Lr34, Lr35, and Lr37. In the United States in 2001, 44 virulence phenotypes of P. triticina were found. Virulence phenotype MBDS, which is virulent to resistance gene Lr17, was the most common phenotype in the United States. MBDS was found in the Southeast, Great Plains, and Ohio Valley regions. Virulence phenotype THBJ, which is virulent to Lr16 and Lr26, was the second most common phenotype, and occurred almost exclusively in the north-central Great Plains region. Phenotype MCDS, which is virulent to Lr17 and Lr26, was the third most common phenotype and was found primarily in the Southeast, Ohio Valley, and Great Plains regions. The Southeast and Ohio Valley regions differed from the Great Plains region for predominant virulence phenotypes, which indicate that populations of P. triticina in those areas are not closely connected. The northern and southern areas of the Great Plains region differed for phenotypes with virulence to Lr16; however, the two areas had other phenotypes in common. Virulence to the adult plant resistance genes Lr35 and Lr37 was detected for the first time in North America in the MBDS, MCJS, and MCDS phenotypes.

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Kolmer, J. A., D. L. Long, and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2002." Plant Disease 88, no. 10 (October 2004): 1079–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.10.1079.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected wheat leaves by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, Southeast, California, and the Pacific Northwest, in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust fungus in 2002. Single uredinial isolates (785 in total) were derived from the wheat leaf rust collections and tested for virulence phenotype on lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lr16, Lr24, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr17, Lr30, LrB, Lr10, Lr14a, and Lr18. In the United States in 2002, 52 virulence phenotypes of P. triticina were found. Virulence phenotype MBDS, which is virulent to resistance gene Lr17, was the most common phenotype in the United States. MBDS was found in the Southeast, Great Plains, and the Ohio Valley regions, and also in California. Phenotype MCDS, virulent to Lr17 and Lr26, was the second most common phenotype and occurred in the same regions as MBDS. Virulence phenotype THBJ, which is virulent to Lr16 and Lr26, was the third most common phenotype, and was found in the southern and northern central Great Plains region. Phenotype TLGJ, with virulence to Lr2a, Lr9, and Lr11, was the fourth most common phenotype and was found primarily in the Southeast and Ohio Valley regions. The Southeast and Ohio Valley regions differed from the Great Plains regions for predominant virulence phenotypes, which indicate that populations of P. triticina in those areas are not closely connected. The northern and southern areas of the Great Plains were similar for frequencies of predominant phenotypes, indicating a strong south to north migration of urediniospores.

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16

Cobb, Charles R., and Brian M. Butler. "The Vacant Quarter Revisited: Late Mississippian Abandonment of the Lower Ohio Valley." American Antiquity 67, no. 4 (October 2002): 625–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1593795.

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The idea that a substantial portion of the North American midcontinent centered on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers confluence was largely depopulated around A.D. 1450–1550—Stephen Williams's “Vacant Quarter” hypothesis—has been generally accepted by archaeologists. There has been, however, some disagreement over the timing and extent of the abandonment. Our long-term research along the Ohio River in southern Illinois's interior hill country has yielded a substantial corpus of late Mississippian period radiocarbon dates, indicating that depopulation of the lower Ohio Valley occurred at the early end of Williams's estimate. Furthermore, the abandonment was a widespread phenomenon that involved Mississippian groups living in remote settings, as well as along major drainages. Although causes for the Vacant Quarter are still debated, evidence from other regions indicates that regional abandonment by agricultural groups was not a unique event in the Eastern Woodlands.

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17

Kolmer, J. A., and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2013." Plant Disease 99, no. 9 (September 2015): 1261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-14-1277-sr.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by USDA-ARS personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, and southeastern states in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2013. Single uredinial isolates (490 total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes. In 2013, 79 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States. Virulence phenotypes MBTNB, TNBGJ, and MCTNB were the three most common phenotypes. Phenotypes MBTNB and MCTNB are both virulent to Lr11, and MCTNB is virulent to Lr26. MBTNB and MCTNB were most common in the soft red winter wheat region of the southeastern states and Ohio Valley. Phenotype TNBGJ is virulent to Lr39/41 and was widely distributed throughout the hard red winter wheat region of the Great Plains. Isolates with virulence to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 were common in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region. Isolates with virulence to Lr21, Lr24, and Lr39/41 were frequent in the hard red wheat region of the southern and northern Great Plains.

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18

Kolmer, J. A., and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2014." Plant Disease 100, no. 8 (August 2016): 1768–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-15-1461-sr.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina obtained from wheat fields and breeding plots in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, and southeastern states, were tested for virulence in 2014 in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust pathogen population in the United States. Single uredinial isolates (380 total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes. In 2014, 55 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States. Virulence phenotypes MBTNB, TBBGS, and TCRKG were the three most common phenotypes. Phenotypes MBTNB and TCRKG are both virulent to Lr11, and TCRKG is also virulent to Lr18 and Lr26. MBTNB and TCRKG were most common in the soft red winter wheat region of the southeastern states and the Ohio Valley. Phenotype TBBGS is virulent to Lr39, which is present in the hard red winter wheat cultivars, and Lr21, which is present in the hard red spring wheat cultivars. Isolates with virulence to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 were most common in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region. Isolates with virulence to Lr21 and Lr39 were most common in the hard red wheat region of the southern and northern Great Plains.

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19

Patton, Paul E., and Sabrina Curran. "Archaic Period Domesticated Plants in the Mid-Ohio Valley." Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 41, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 127–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26599933.

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Abstract Late Archaic archaeobotanical remains from the County Home site (33AT40), southeastern Ohio, are described. Measurements of chenopod (Chenopodium berlandieri) seed-coat thicknesses and marshelder (Iva annua) achene and kernel lengths from the site are indicative of domesticated types (ssp. jonesianum and var. macrocarpa, respectively) dating to ca. 3000 B.P. to 3600 B.P. Together, these specimens represent some of the earliest evidence of plant domestication outside the oak-hickory and oak-savannah forests of eastern North America. The recovery of these plants with other cultigens in hearths and earth ovens at the County Home site indicates that the timing for the arrival of the Initial Crop Complex in the Appalachian mixed forest of the middle Ohio Valley occurred earlier than previously documented. The results of this research contribute to the growing database of early plant domestication and a broader understanding of the origins of food production.

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20

Tennant, P. A., C. G. Norman, and A. H. Vicory. "The Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission's Toxic Substances Control Program for the Ohio River." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1992): 1779–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0621.

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The Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO) is an interstate agency created in 1948 to administer a state compact which calls for the abatement of water pollution in the Ohio Valley. Since 1975, ORSANCO has conducted routine monitoring programs to detect the presence of toxic chemicals in the Ohio River and in fish taken from the river. Such information is particularly important as the Ohio River, a major river in the United States, serves as a water supply to over three million people and is used extensively for recreational purposes. The monitoring results have shown several problems: contamination of fish tissue by PCBs and chlordane, concentrations of certain metals which exceed chronic aquatic life criteria in 10 to 25 percent of the samples analyzed, and levels of certain volatile organic compounds which exceeded criteria established to prevent one additional cancer per one million population in almost half the samples analyzed. In 1986, the Commission initiated a Toxic Substances Control Program which was designed to identify sources of the toxics problems and prescribe corrective actions. Because of the multitude of potential sources of toxics along the Ohio, the river was divided into seven segments for intensive study. To date, studies have been initiated on four segments. In addition, special topic studies have been conducted on the river as a whole to address the suitability of the river as a source of drinking water, trends in parameter levels, and the relationship between surface and ground water quality. Findings to date:Point source discharges to the river do not cause widespread toxics problems.Nonpoint sources, including urban runoff and contaminated ground water, are significant sources of toxics to the river.Levels of certain toxics in tributaries are also an important source.Under “normal ” situations (i.e., excluding spills), the Ohio River provides a suitable source water for public supply after appropriate treatment.Levels of many metals and volatile organic compounds have decreased over the past 10 years.

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21

Buss, T. F., and R. J. Vaughan. "Revitalizing the Mahoning Valley." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 5, no. 4 (December 1987): 433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c050433.

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For nearly a decade, since the closing of its steel mills, the Mahoning Valley in northeast Ohio has pursued a traditional development strategy, based upon large capital subsidies, to attract new or support existing businesses. These policies have failed. As a result, local business leaders have questioned the foundations of traditional policy and have developed an alternative strategy that involves a far broader set of state and local programs in the development process. The new strategy aims at five objectives: (1) rebuilding the entrepreneurial environment; (2) strengthening existing businesses; (3) creating economic opportunity for the poor; (4) improving the quality of public services, especially education and infrastructure; and (5) improving the quality of life, especially housing.

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22

Long, D. L., K. J. Leonard, and M. E. Hughes. "Virulence of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 1999." Plant Disease 86, no. 1 (January 2002): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.1.15.

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Isolates of Puccinia triticina were obtained from wheat leaf collections made by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, and Gulf Coast states in 1999. Pathogenic races were determined from virulence/avirulence phenotypes on 14 host lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance. We found 58 races among 1,180 isolates in 1999. As in previous surveys, regional race distribution patterns showed that the central United States is a single epidemiological unit distinct from the eastern United States. The distinctive racial composition of collections from the Southeast, Northeast, and Ohio Valley indicates that populations of P. triticina in those areas are not closely connected, suggesting epidemics originate from localized overwintering sources.

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23

Vicory, Alan H., and Peter A. Tennant. "Sustainable management of the Ohio River (USA) by an interjurisdictionally represented commission." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0600.

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In 1948 the Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO) was established to abate pollution of a major river basin in the United States. The commission consists of representatives of eight states in the Ohio River Valley and the United States Government. The necessity of such an interstate commission, representing multiple jurisdictions, reflects the nature of the Ohio River which is approximately 1,580 km in length, transverses six states, and is extensively used for public and industrial water supply, wastewater disposal, transportation, power generation and recreation. ORSANCO's programmes include coordination and communication, setting and enforcing wastewater discharge standards, operating key water quality monitoring programmes for the Ohio River and major tributaries, data assessments and studies to evaluate problems and programmes for remediation, and monitoring when spills occur. The Commission's approach to achieving improved water quality, while at the same time balancing the needs of the users of the river, is accomplished by successfully involving and integrating the various interests in river management (governmental agencies, industry, public utilities, other river users and the general public) into its programme planning and implementation. Thus an intergovernmental agency which encourages co-operation with non-governmental entities can be an effective approach to sustainable management of a major river.

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Long, D. L., J. A. Kolmer, K. J. Leonard, and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2000." Plant Disease 86, no. 9 (September 2002): 981–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.9.981.

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Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust infected wheat leaves by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, Gulf Coast, and Atlantic Coast States in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust fungus in 2000. Single uredinial isolates (1,120 in total) were derived from the wheat leaf rust collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 16 lines of Thatcher wheat that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes. In the United States in 2000, 54 virulence phenotypes of P. triticina were found. Virulence phenotypes MBDS and MCDS, which are virulent to resistance gene Lr17, were the first and third most common phenotypes in the United States and were found in the Great Plains and the Ohio Valley regions. MCRK, which is virulent to Lr26, was the second most common phenotype and was found primarily in the Southeast, Ohio Valley, and Northeast regions. In the northern area of the Great Plains, phenotypes with virulence to Lr16 increased in frequency from 1998 and 1999. The Southeast and Great Plains regions had different predominant virulence phenotypes, which indicates that populations of P. triticina in those areas are not closely connected. The northern and southern areas of the Great Plains region had the same predominant virulence phenotypes, indicating movement of virulence phenotypes of P. triticina within this region.

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25

Showman, Ray E. "Continuing Lichen Recolonization in the Upper Ohio River Valley." Bryologist 100, no. 4 (1997): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745(1997)100[478:clritu]2.0.co;2.

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Showman, Ray E. "Continuing Lichen Recolonization in the Upper Ohio River Valley." Bryologist 100, no. 4 (1997): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3244410.

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27

Munson, Cheryl Ann. ": Archaeology of the Lower Ohio River Valley . Jon Muller." American Anthropologist 91, no. 4 (December 1989): 1064–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1989.91.4.02a00560.

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28

Redmond, Brian G. "HOLOCENE HUNTER-GATHERERS OF THE LOWER OHIO RIVER VALLEY." Lithic Technology 40, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 249–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0197726115z.00000000069.

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29

Clemons, Angel, and Tyler Goldberg. "Ohio Valley Group of Technical Services Librarians: A History." Serials Review 33, no. 2 (June 2007): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00987913.2007.10765104.

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30

Howe, Barbara V., and Multi-media Department. "Paradise Found and Lost: Migration in the Ohio Valley." Journal of American History 85, no. 3 (December 1998): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2567221.

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31

Johnston, Cheryl A., and Paul W. Sciulli. "Technical note: Uto-Aztecan premolars in Ohio Valley populations." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 100, no. 2 (June 1996): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199606)100:2<293::aid-ajpa8>3.0.co;2-y.

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32

Kolmer, J. A., and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2015." Plant Disease 101, no. 12 (December 2017): 1968–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-17-0200-sr.

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Leaves of wheat infected with the leaf rust fungus, Puccinia triticina, were obtained from farm fields and breeding plots at experimental stations in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, and southeastern states in 2015 in order to identify virulence phenotypes prevalent in the United States in different wheat growing regions. A total of 526 single uredinial isolates derived from the leaf rust collections were tested for virulence to 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes. A total of 60 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States in 2015. The three most common virulence phenotypes across the United States were MBDSD, MBTNB, and TBBGS. Phenotype MBDSD is virulent to Lr17, Lr37, and Lr39, and was most common in the hard red winter wheat area of the southern Great Plains. Phenotype MBTNB is virulent to Lr11, and was most common in the soft red winter wheat region of the southeastern states and Ohio Valley. Phenotype TBBGS is virulent to Lr39, which is present in the hard red winter wheat cultivars, and Lr21, which is present in the hard red spring wheat cultivars. The P. triticina population in the United States was characterized by two major regional groups of virulence phenotypes in the Great Plains region where hard red winter and spring wheat cultivars are grown, and in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region where soft red winter wheat cultivars are grown.

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Kolmer, J. A., and M. E. Hughes. "Physiologic Specialization of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States in 2016." Plant Disease 102, no. 6 (June 2018): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-17-1701-sr.

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Leaves of wheat infected with the leaf rust fungus Puccinia triticina were obtained from farm fields and breeding plots at experimental stations in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, and southeastern states in 2016 in order to identify virulence phenotypes prevalent in the United States in different wheat-growing regions. In total, 496 single uredinial isolates derived from the leaf rust collections were tested for virulence to 20 lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes. In total, 71 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States in 2016. The three most common virulence phenotypes across the United States were MBTNB, MBDSD, and TNBJJ. Phenotype MBTNB is virulent to Lr11, and was most common in the soft red winter wheat region of the southeastern states and Ohio Valley. Phenotype MBDSD is virulent to Lr17 and Lr39, and was most common in the hard red winter wheat area of the southern Great Plains. Phenotype TNBJJ is virulent to Lr24 and Lr39, which are present in the hard red winter wheat cultivars. The P. triticina population in the United States was characterized by two major regional groups of virulence phenotypes in the Great Plains region where hard red winter and spring wheat cultivars are grown, and in the southeastern states and Ohio Valley region where soft red winter wheat cultivars are grown. Isolates from New York State differed the most for virulence compared with the other two major regions.

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Cook, Robert A. "Dogs of War: Potential Social Institutions of Conflict, Healing, and Death in a Fort Ancient Village." American Antiquity 77, no. 3 (July 2012): 498–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/0002-7316.77.3.498.

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AbstractInterpreting ritual activity at ancient sites, such as Sun Watch Village in the Middle Ohio Valley, can be difficult without clear and specific historical connections to later groups. This Fort Ancient site yielded evidence of ritual use of dogs and wolves that resemble those documented for several Central Algonquian and Siouan/Plains tribes. Although these ethnographic groups have not been conclusively linked as direct descendants of Middle Ohio valley populations, this information can be used as multiple specific analogies for understanding such “culturally unaffiliated” cases. At Sun Watch Village, local customs of dog and wolf ritualism became established at a time of increasing warfare and the appearance of Mississippians in the Fort Ancient region. Mississippians may have contributed to developing authority positions in individual villages that were coping with local population growth and in-migration of peoples within an increasingly hostile social landscape.

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Long, D. L., K. J. Leonard, and J. J. Roberts. "Virulence and Diversity of Wheat Leaf Rust in the United States in 1993 to 1995." Plant Disease 82, no. 12 (December 1998): 1391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1998.82.12.1391.

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Isolates of Puccinia triticina were obtained from wheat leaf collections made by cooperators throughout the United States and from cereal rust field surveys of the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, and Gulf Coast states in 1993, 1994, and 1995. Sixty-two virulence/avirulence phenotypes on 14 host lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance were found among 681 single uredinial isolates in 1993, 42 phenotypes were found among 683 isolates in 1994, and 51 among 701 isolates in 1995. As in previous surveys, regional race distribution patterns showed that the central United States is a single epidemiological unit distinct from the eastern United States. The distinctive racial composition of collections from the Southeast, Northeast, and Ohio Valley indicates that populations of P. triticina in those areas are discrete, suggesting epidemics originate from localized overwintering sources.

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Long, D. L., K. J. Leonard, and M. E. Hughes. "Virulence of Puccinia triticina on Wheat in the United States from 1996 to 1998." Plant Disease 84, no. 12 (December 2000): 1334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.12.1334.

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Isolates of Puccinia triticina were obtained from wheat leaf collections made by cooperators throughout the United States and from surveys of wheat fields and nurseries in the Great Plains, Ohio Valley, and Gulf Coast states in 1996, 1997, and 1998. Virulence-avirulence phenotypes were determined on 14 host lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance. We found 31 phenotypes among 277 single uredinial isolates in 1996, 56 phenotypes among 989 isolates in 1997, and 43 phenotypes among 989 isolates in 1998. As in previous surveys, regional race distribution patterns showed that the central United States is a single epidemiological unit distinct from the eastern United States. The distinctive racial composition of collections from the southeast, northeast, and Ohio Valley indicate that populations of P. triticina in those areas are not closely connected, suggesting that epidemics originate from localized overwintering sources.

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Comstock, Aaron R., and Robert A. Cook. "CLIMATE CHANGE AND MIGRATION ALONG A MISSISSIPPIAN PERIPHERY: A FORT ANCIENT EXAMPLE." American Antiquity 83, no. 1 (September 25, 2017): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2017.50.

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Archaeologists have long recognized an important relationship between climate change and the trajectory of the Mississippian polity at Cahokia, with twelfth- and thirteenth-century droughts playing a key role in transforming social relationships and the pace of monument construction. This environmental transition may have spurred emigration from Cahokia and surrounding farming communities. This raises the questions: What was the nature of environmental change and cultural transformations on the Mississippian peripheries and where did these Mississippian emigrants go? This paper provides a case study from the Middle Ohio Valley that brings together spatiotemporal patterns in moisture availability between AD 1000 and AD 1300 and new archaeological data from Fort Ancient villages located in southeast Indiana and southwest Ohio that were occupied during this same temporal interval. We suggest that droughts in the American Bottom region pushed Mississippians to less drought-stricken areas such as the Middle Ohio Valley, which experienced concurrent periods of wetness. This pattern builds on a growing body of data suggesting that the movement of individuals and communities played a large role in the process of Mississippianization throughout the midcontinental and southeastern United States.

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Purcell, Sarah J., and Elizabeth A. Perkins. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." Michigan Historical Review 26, no. 1 (2000): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20164920.

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Worrall, Arthur J., and Eric Hinderaker. "Elusive Empires: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673-1800." Michigan Historical Review 25, no. 2 (1999): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20173838.

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Dowd, Gregory Evans, and Eric Hinderaker. "Elusive Empires: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673-1800." William and Mary Quarterly 56, no. 1 (January 1999): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2674610.

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Hinderaker, Eric, and Elizabeth A. Perkins. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." William and Mary Quarterly 56, no. 1 (January 1999): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2674614.

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O'Brien, Greg, and Elizabeth A. Perkins. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." Journal of Southern History 65, no. 4 (November 1999): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2587594.

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Nichols, Roger L., and Elizabeth A. Perkins. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." Western Historical Quarterly 30, no. 1 (1999): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971162.

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44

Hill, Molly K. "Dental Reduction and Diet in the Prehistoric Ohio River Valley." Dental Anthropology Journal 17, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26575/daj.v17i2.144.

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Post-Pleistocene dental reduction has been documented around the globe. Dietary change is a common factor in many of the selectionist models explaining this reduction. The current study examines tooth size in the prehistoric Ohio River Valley of Indiana and Kentucky to determine if a dental reduction occurred from the Late Archaic to the Mississippian periods and, if so, to see if dietary shifts are associated with dental reduction. Data from 282 individuals are compiled from 21 sites that span from 5000 BC to AD 1400. These sites represent Late Archaic foragers, Early/Middle Woodland early horticulturalists, Late Woodland mixed-economy horticulturalists, and Mississippian agriculturalists. Previous studies have indicated that the diet became less abrasive through time in this region but became harder from the Late Archaic to the Early/Middle Woodland just to became softer again thereafter. Buccolingual diameters were taken for all suitable permanent teeth. Standard descriptive statistics, ANOVA, percent differences, and rate of change were calculated for each dental measurement to determine the degree of change between the various temporal groups. It was found that a dental reduction occurred in the Ohio River Valley that was more pronounced in females and in the maxillary molars. The general reduction in tooth size mirrors the reduction in dietary abrasiveness. By contrast, it does not seem to follow the course of dietary hardness.

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Savery, Arthur Andrew. "Forgotten Frontiersman of the Ohio Valley: Simon Kenton's Early Years." Ohio History 125, no. 2 (2018): 28–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ohh.2018.0014.

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Born, John D. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." History: Reviews of New Books 27, no. 2 (January 1999): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1999.10528280.

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Bahr, Nathan C., Spinello Antinori, L. Joseph Wheat, and George A. Sarosi. "Histoplasmosis Infections Worldwide: Thinking Outside of the Ohio River Valley." Current Tropical Medicine Reports 2, no. 2 (April 11, 2015): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40475-015-0044-0.

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Harrison, Lowell H., and Eric Hinkeraker. "Elusive Empire: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673-1800." Journal of the Early Republic 18, no. 3 (1998): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3124683.

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Harrison, Lowell H., and Eric Hinderaker. "Elusive Empire: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673-1800." Journal of the Early Republic 20, no. 2 (2000): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3124707.

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50

Mancall, Peter C., and Elizabeth A. Perkins. "Border Life: Experience and Memory in the Revolutionary Ohio Valley." Journal of the Early Republic 19, no. 2 (1999): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3124975.

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