Academic literature on the topic 'Oils (Inflammable)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Oils (Inflammable)"
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ANDO, Shigeru, Masakatsu HIRAOKA, and Shin-ichi SAKAI. "Appropriate Control of Inflammable Waste Oils and Volatile Organic Compounds." Waste Management Research 6, no. 1 (1995): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.6.34.
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Wang, Tao, Ming Chen, Zhen Zhang, and Yang Xu. "Design on Safety Monitoring System of Oilcan during Transportation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 462-463 (November 2013): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.462-463.118.
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Petroleum products in oilcans are volatile, inflammable and explosive, which may lead to explosion of oil tank and collapse of building in case of fire. Reasonable design of oil tank and study of oil tank fire extinguishing introducing new method are very important to property safety and social stability. This paper intends to design a safety monitoring system of oilcan during transportation. Vehicle safety monitoring is studied and we analyze and summarize the many factors that affect vehicle safety, and practicality of extracting a representative vehicle safety monitoring technology, analytics implementations.
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Wang, Wen He, Hai Xia Li, Zhi Sheng Xu, and Dong Liang. "Safety Assessment of Large-Scale Crude Oil Tank after Fire Process." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.469.
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In recent years, the demand of the crude oil is increasing in the world, and the oil storage tanks are also developing larger and larger. Higher requirements of safety for storage tank, especially safety evaluation of the oil tanks in fire environment, was proposed because the oil tank volume is large, as well the oil is volatile, flowing, inflammable and explosive easily. In the paper, the fire process was simulated by the heat treatment for the key position, and the relationship between mechanical property and heating temperature of large tank after fire was obtained. The strength evaluation for large-scale crude oil storage tank after fire was implemented and the result showed that the strength for large crude oil tank was satisfied with requirement.
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Yu, Yang, Hai Wei Guan, Yun Feng Zhang, and Zhao Qing Yuan. "Research on The Internal Force and The Normal Displacement of The Storage Tank under Earthquake Action." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2618–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2618.
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Vertical storage tank is widely used as a liquid storage container in the oil deposit, petrochemical industry and related enterprise. It always stores inflammable, explosive medium. The consequences are very serious, when the earthquake disaster occurs. In this paper, we build models of model tank and 30,000 m3 tanks with the finite element method, and analyze their vibration characteristics and seismic response. We wish that the research can provide fundamental data for the similar studies.
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Miller, Keith. "Edward Orton: Pioneer in Petroleum Geology." Earth Sciences History 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.12.1.4376045247518268.
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Petroleum geology had its beginning in the nineteenth century. One of its leading adherents was Edward Orton of New York and Ohio. He left to that science an important body of writing, especially on the oil fields of the Cincinnati Arch province. His thought included an elaboration of the anticlinal theory. One of his classic works was The Trenton Limestone as a Source of Petoleum and Inflammable Gas in Ohio and Indiana (1889). That treatise and others too placed Orton in the forefront of petroleum geology in its formative period.
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Lin, Cherng Shing, Te Chi Chen, Chia Chun Yu, Shih Cheng Wang, and Wen Lung Chang. "Study on Numerical Simulation of a Fire on Heavy Oil Tank." Advanced Materials Research 680 (April 2013): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.680.515.
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Oil is important energy nowadays. Most oil products, such as gasoline, coal oil and diesel oil, are important fuel too. Tanks serve as storage to preserve various petroleum products. These dangerous inflammable articles require not only as much safety protection as possible but also safety intervals between tanks. Once a fire occurs to a tank, its combustion expands very fast and violently. Without sufficient intervals, chain reaction is very possible to happen and cause a disaster out of control. Fire of oil tank is not common, thus experience of extinguishing such fire is also extremely lacking. Therefore, it is important to research on tank fire and report quantified data. This study adopted numerical analysis method to simulate a fire in a tank area by applying Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), and investigate the effect of various related parameter on tank fire. The anticipation of this study is to provide fire protection information of various types of tanks in order to reduce the impact of such fire on environment and resource.
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Wu, Mei, Guang Zhong Xie, Yong Zhou, and Hui Ling Tai. "A PVP-Based Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor for H2S Detection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.191.
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Hydrogen sulfide is a typical toxic, inflammable gas. The detection of H2S is crucial in the areas of oil, natural gas and so on. However, studies on H2S gas sensors at room temperature were seldom reported. In this study, Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors have been utilized, and PVP film were prepared on the QCM by airbrush method with different airbrush volume for H2S detection. The results showed that the PVP film with airbrush volume 0.2ml exhibited a better sensing response to H2S gas. Besides, sensitive characteristics parameters, i.e. selectivity, stability, linearity and sensitivity of prepared sensors were studied for comparison. The relative sensing mechanism associated with SEM pictures was studied as well.
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Tang, Yan Fei, Lei Yin, Yi Niu, and Jian Wang. "Experiment Study on Aviation Kerosene's Flash Point Temperature of Low Pressure Environment." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2160.
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Flash point is one of the major physical and chemical properties used to determine the fire and explosion hazards of liquids; therefore, the prediction of flash point is an important safety consideration. However, the study on flash point and the correlation between flash point and pressure has been inadequate, and needs further investigation. So in this paper, the experimental method is adopted to study the correlation between the closed flash point temperature of RP-5 Aviation Kerosene and low pressure environment. In the experiments, use the BS-1 closed bomb apparatus to measure the oil samples and use the hypobaric chamber to change the environment pressure from 50kPa to 101.3kPa. Through the experiment data, it indicates that the atmospheric pressure is much lower than the normal atmosphere, there is a quadratic function relation between the reciprocal Aviation Kerosene's flash points and logarithm of environment pressure, therefore the relationship between the reciprocal Aviation Kerosene’s flash points and altitude is reciprocal. Compared the experiment results with theoretical results, it finds that the experiment result is closed to reality. The experiment results will provide the scientific data for the safety of aircraft tank, and benefit the fire protection, such as inflammable liquid production, transport, storage et al in oil pipeline management.
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Moormann, Rainer. "Fission Product Transport and Source Terms in HTRs: Experience from AVR Pebble Bed Reactor." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2008 (2008): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/597491.
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Fission products deposited in the coolant circuit outside of the active core play a dominant role in source term estimations for advanced small pebble bed HTRs, particularly in design basis accidents (DBA). The deposited fission products may be released in depressurization accidents because present pebble bed HTR concepts abstain from a gas tight containment. Contamination of the circuit also hinders maintenance work. Experiments, performed from 1972 to 88 on the AVR, an experimental pebble bed HTR, allow for a deeper insight into fission product transport behavior. The activity deposition per coolant pass was lower than expected and was influenced by fission product chemistry and by presence of carbonaceous dust. The latter lead also to inconsistencies between Cs plate out experiments in laboratory and in AVR. The deposition behavior of Ag was in line with present models. Dust as activity carrier is of safety relevance because of its mobility and of its sorption capability for fission products. All metal surfaces in pebble bed reactors were covered by a carbonaceous dust layer. Dust in AVR was produced by abrasion in amounts of about 5 kg/y. Additional dust sources in AVR were ours oil ingress and peeling of fuel element surfaces due to an air ingress. Dust has a size of about 1 m, consists mainly of graphite, is partly remobilized by flow perturbations, and deposits with time constants of 1 to 2 hours. In future reactors, an efficient filtering via a gas tight containment is required because accidents with fast depressurizations induce dust mobilization. Enhanced core temperatures in normal operation as in AVR and broken fuel pebbles have to be considered, as inflammable dust concentrations in the gas phase.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oils (Inflammable)"
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Gouveia, Dênis Augusto Genaro. "Determinação de gases combustíveis em óleo isolante para transformadores, por meio de aquecimento prévio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18154/tde-05072008-155748/.
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Os transformadores de potência são alguns dos elementos mais importantes dos sistemas elétricos. A confiabilidade e o bom funcionamento destes equipamentos são vitais para que as companhias de energia forneçam eletricidade com qualidade e segurança. Um dos principais parâmetros que envolvem a normalidade da operação dos transformadores é o estado da isolação interna formada pelo óleo mineral e o papel que cobre as bobinas. Danos nessa isolação resultam na degradação destes dielétricos e, por conseqüência, na diminuição da vida útil dos transformadores. Essa degradação, que advém de processos elétricos, térmicos, ou mesmo mecânicos, geram gases combustíveis cujas quantidades individuais podem indicar o tipo de falha e a gravidade do problema. Desta forma, é importante detectar os principais gases envolvidos. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar análises e estudos quantitativos da presença de gases inflamáveis dissolvidos no óleo, surgidos através da degradação deste líquido isolante. O cerne deste trabalho está em elaborar ensaios de formação de arco no óleo e, posteriormente, aquecer o fluido para medir a quantidade dos gases combustíveis antes dissolvidos nele. Este estudo visa à melhoria na confiabilidade dos equipamentos projetados para detectar e monitorar o surgimento de gases inflamáveis no interior de transformadores de potência existentes em subestações de companhias de eletricidade.Power transformers are some of the most important elements of electrical systems. The trustworthiness and the good functioning of this equipment permit power utilities to supply electricity with quality and security. One of the main parameters for transformer\'s operation normality is the state of the internal insulation formed by the mineral oil and the paper that covers the bobbins. Damages in this insulation cause its dielectric degradation and, consequently, the reduction of the equipment useful life. This degradation which originates from electrical, thermal, or even mechanical processes generates chemical products such as gases whose individual amounts may indicate the type of imperfection and gravity of the problem. That\'s why the detection of the main involved gases is important. This work intends to elaborate analyses and studies of the presence of inflammable gases dissolved in oil through the degradation of the insulating liquid. The principal topic of this work is the arc formation elaboration in the oil and later the heating of the oil to measure the amount of gases previously dissolved in it. This study also aims to improve the trustworthiness of the projected equipments in order to detect and monitor the sprouting of existing inflammable gases in the interior of power transformers in substations of power utilities.
Book chapters on the topic "Oils (Inflammable)"
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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. "Environmental Safety." In The Physics, Clinical Measurement and Equipment of Anaesthetic Practice for the FRCA. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595150.003.0032.
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For these to occur, there is a need for combustible material, oxygen and a source of ignition. The risk of these being present results from the use of high oxygen partial pressures and the use of inflammable anaesthetic agents or other inflammable materials. If the pressure of any gas is increased, heat is liberated. If the gas is oxygen and this comes into contact with something flammable like oil or grease in a confined space, the heat liberated may cause an explosion. Hence oil or grease should be kept well away from pressurised oxygen sources. These include not only oxygen, but pressurised air and pressurised nitrous oxide, which can dissociate into nitrogen and oxygen. Although modern anaesthetic volatile agents are non-flammable, ether and cyclopropane are flammable and may still be used in some parts of the world. Ethyl chloride, used to test sensory perception in local anaesthetic blocks and methyl alcohol for cleaning skin, are also flammable. Ignition sources include sparks from static electricity, or faulty electrical apparatus from the diathermy machine or from mains plugs sparking when disconnected. To prevent static electricity causing ignition, not only should efforts be made to minimise the generation of static electricity, but also to discharge any static slowly to earth. There should therefore be an upper and a lower limit to the electrical resistance between the antistatic floor and earth, of between 5MΩ and 20 kΩ respectively. All equipment capable of generating static electricity should make electrical contact with the floor through a medium made of antistatic (conducting) rubber. Staff footwear should also have antistatic rubber soles and the tubing of breathing systems should also be made of antistatic material. Classification of anaesthetic proof equipment is based on the ignition energy required to ignite the most flammable mixture of ether and air. ‘AP’ standard equipment can be used between 5 and 25 cm from such an inflammable anaesthetic gas mixture escaping from a breathing system; furthermore its temperature should not exceed 200◦C. ‘APG’ standard is a more stringent one for anaesthetic proof equipment; it is based on the ignition energy required to ignite the most flammable mixture of ether and oxygen, which should be less than 1 μJ.
Conference papers on the topic "Oils (Inflammable)"
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Fabian, Jurgen, Bettina Wieser, Michael Muhr, Robert Schwarz, Georg J. Pukel, and Martin Stossl. "Partial discharge behavior of environmentally friendly and hardly inflammable ester liquids compared to mineral oil for power transformers." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (CMD). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cmd.2012.6416222.
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Guan, Weihe, Yuanhong Tao, Xuedong Chen, Rong Yuan, and Yingfeng Chen. "Online AE Inspection and Safety Assessment of Vertical Storage Tank." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26481.
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With the rapid growth of the global petroleum industry and continuous increase of energy demand, the crude oil and product oil reserve has been given a general concern in every country, and the requirements for the reserve capacity of various types of petroleum storage depots become higher and higher, therefore, the quantity of various types of storage tanks is increasing dramatically. At present, 100,000m3 storage tank has become the primary structure for construction of crude oil storage tanks for Chinese petrochemical industry. Large vertical metal storage tank features large capacity, central distribution, storage of inflammable, explosive and toxic media etc., leakage or explosion accident, once happens, often results in disastrous consequence and severe environmental pollution, which brings a huge loss and hazard to social economy, production and people’s living. The major cause for the accidents of storage tanks is corrosion and leakage, the external corrosion is mainly the soil corrosion and moist atmospheric corrosion of outer wall of oil tank baseplate; the internal corrosion is the corrosion of tank bottom, tank wall and tank top. Among the above corrosions, the most hard to treat is the corrosion of tank baseplate. In this paper through laboratory simulation of AE tests of leakage of storage tank and corrosion of baseplate and comparison between online AE inspection of more than 30 large vertical storage tanks and shutdown inspection of part of storage tanks, the matters about online AE inspection techniques for corrosion and leakage of storage tank baseplate and safety assessment of vertical storage tank are discussed, online AE inspection technique and assessment standard fit for China’s present condition are proposed, the safety class and corresponding shutdown inspection cycle of vertical storage tank are determined, the storage tanks where no problems are found by online AE inspection continue their service, whereas the storage tanks where severe problems are found are shut down for inspection, thus the contradiction between shutdown inspection and safe production is basically solved.
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Fu, Shanshan, Xinping Yan, Di Zhang, Jing Shi, Chengpeng Wan, and Zhanbing Song. "Use of FMECA Method for Leakage Analysis of LNG Fueled Vessels." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23701.
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Liquefied natural gas (LNG), a cleaner energy resource compared to heavy fuel oil (HFO), has been utilized as an energy source by vessels of various types, e.g., ferries, cargo vessels and platform supply vessels (PSV), notably after the release of International Maritime Organization (IMO) interim guideline MSC. 285(86) which officially authorized the natural gas as a marine fuel for merchant vessels in June 2009. LNG fuel is expected to have a promising prospect in green shipping industry with advantages in decreasing the emissions of NOX, SOX, and particulate material. However, as an inflammable and explosive energy source, safety issues of LNG should also be taken into account, especially under the circumstances of fuel leakage during a long voyage. In this paper, failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA) is conducted for the study on leakage failure modes of LNG fueled vessels. The criticalities of LNG leakage modes are calculated and ranked by taking failure rate, causes and effects (consequence probability and associated severity) of each failure mode into consideration. Event tree analysis (ETA) approach is utilized to identify possible failure consequences and estimate associated probabilities of occurrence, while computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling and simulation are applied for the consequence analysis of each failure mode. A typical Chinese LNG powered cargo ship in the Yangtze River is studied for critical leakage modes identification and risk control options (RCOs) provision so as to provide recommendations on the daily operations and safety managements of LNG fueled vessels.