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Journal articles on the topic 'Okpara'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Guy Basse , Moussa Gibigaye, Guy Basse ,. Moussa Gibigaye. "Environmental Degradation of the Okpara Upper Pond at Nanon Outfall." International Journal of Environment, Ecology, Family and Urban Studies 8, no. 2 (2018): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijeefusapr20182.

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2

C. Madina, Tchaou, Gouissi F. Modeste, Abahi K. Simon, Adje D. Darius, Orou P. Zoulkanerou, Okoya J. Antoine, and Gnohossou M. Pierre. "Contribution of macroinvertebrates to leaf breakdown in the Okpara River, Bénin." Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 23, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2019.51021.

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3

Adite, Alphonse, Rachad Sidi Imorou, Hamidou Arame, Antoine Chikou, Nambil Kayode Adjibade, and Stanislas Pejanos Sonon. "Ichthyofauna of Okpara Stream, a Tributary of Oueme River, Benin, West-Africa." International Journal of Sciences 8, no. 05 (2019): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18483/ijsci.2052.

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4

Ogwah, C., and MO Eyankware. "Hydrogeochemical processes in groundwater resources located around abandoned Okpara coal, Enugu SE. Nigeria." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 55, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v55i4.50960.

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A detail understanding of the hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality is indispensable for the sustainable utilization of the groundwater sources. This is in line with sustainable development goal of United Nation. The following parameters were analyzed using APHA, 2012 standard: pH, Ec, total dissolved solid (TDS,) total hardness (TH), magnesium (Mg2+), sulphate (SO4 2¯), chloride (Cl¯), bicarbonate (HCO3¯), carbonate (CO3 2¯), nitrate (NO3¯), potassium (K+), sodium (Na2+)and calcium (Ca2+). Findings revealed that pH value reveals that groundwater is acidic. Bivariate plots showed that groundwater quality is influenced by number of factors. Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater samples was based on the following model:End-member, Parson’s and Diamond field plots. Results from these plots revealed that silicate and carbonate weathering are the major factors that control groundwater quality and that groundwater samples were of different water type namely, Ca–Mg–SO4, Ca–Mg–Cl, Na–SO4 water type and high Ca+Mg & SO4+Cl respectively. It was observed that 99 % of groundwater within the study area fell within fresh water category and groundwater is influenced by various factors. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(4), 245-252, 2020

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5

Kougblenou, C., S. Azonbakin, M. Accrombessi, B. Aguemon, M. Adjagba, B. Awede, M. P. Aina, R. B. Darboux, and A. Laleye. "Evaluation du risque de génotoxicité de l’eau de la rivière Okpara à Kika au Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 12, no. 3 (November 9, 2018): 1298. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v12i3.18.

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6

Imorou, Rachad Sidi, Alphonse Adite, Edmond Sossoukpe, and Youssouf Abou. "Length-weight models and condition factors of fishes from Okpara Stream, Oueme River, Northern-Benin." International Journal of Forest, Animal and Fisheries Research 3, no. 3 (2019): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijfaf.3.3.1.

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7

Igboekwe, Magnus U., and Ruth U. Adindu. "Use of Kostiakov’s Infiltration Model on Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Soils, Southeastern, Nigeria." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 06, no. 10 (2014): 888–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2014.610083.

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8

Nganje, Therese N., Christopher I. Adamu, Anthony N. Ugbaja, Essang Ebieme, and Gregory U. Sikakwe. "Environmental contamination of trace elements in the vicinity of Okpara coal mine, Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria." Arabian Journal of Geosciences 4, no. 1-2 (August 17, 2010): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12517-010-0173-7.

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9

Ogwah, C., and M. O. Eyankware. "INVESTIGATION OF HYDROGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN GROUNDWATER RESOURCES LOCATED AROUND ABANDONED OKPARA COAL MINE, ENUGU SE. NIGERIA." Journal CleanWAS 4, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/jcleanwas.01.2020.12.16.

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A detail understanding of the hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality is indispensable for the sustainable utilization of the groundwater sources. This is in line with Sustainable development goal of United Nation. The following parameters were analyzed using APHA, 2012 standard: pH, Ec, total dissolved solid (TDS,) total hardness (TH), magnesium (Mg2+), sulphate (SO42¯), chloride (Cl¯), bicarbonate (HCO3¯), carbonate (CO32¯), nitrate ( NO3¯), potassium (K+), sodium (Na2+) and calcium (Ca2+). Findings revealed that pH value reveals that groundwater is acidic. Bivariate plots showed that groundwater quality is influenced by number of factors. Hydrogeochemical assessment of groundwater samples was based on the following model: End-member, Parson’s and Diamond field plots. Results from these plots revealed that that silicate and carbonate weathering are that major factor that control groundwater quality, and that groundwater samples were of different water type namely; Ca–Mg–SO4, Ca–Mg–Cl, Na–SO4 water type and high Ca + Mg & SO4 + Cl respectively. It was observed that 99 % of groundwater within the study area fell within fresh water category and groundwater is influenced by various factors such as weathering.

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10

Ukwueze, C. O., R. O. Ukaha, S. A. Babalola, and K. A. Raheem. "A case report of dystocia treated by caesarean section in a primer West African dwarf doe." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 44, no. 4 (December 27, 2020): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v44i4.655.

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This is a report of dystocia in a West African dwarf primer doe presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike and was successfully treated by caesarean section. Digital palpation ofthe foetus through the birth can all showed a viable foetus and a very small pelvis inadequate to allow passage of foetus. The animal was prepared surgical and caesarean section was performed following a standard technique. A left flank incision was made and a viable female kid weighing 1.25 kg was successfully delivered. In conclusion, the success of the surgery accompanied with good prognosis as was observed with delivery of a viable foetus and dam once again emphasis the need for a quick veterinary attention to a case of dystocia in animal species. Future fertility of the doe was not implied to be impaired

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11

Tom egrave tin, A. S. Lyde, Daouda Mama, Etienne Sagbo, K. Jacques Fatombi, W. Taofiki Aminou, and L. Moctar Bawa. "Influence of suspended matters on iron and manganese presence in the Okpara Water Dam (Benin, West Africa)." International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering 6, no. 7 (July 31, 2014): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ijwree2013.0433.

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12

Igboekwe, Magnus U., Akaninyene O. Akankpo, and Ifiok E. Udoinyang. "Hydrochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike and Its Environs, Southeastern Nigeria." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 03, no. 12 (2011): 925–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2011.312103.

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13

Lawrence, Udenze Chikwendu, Achi O.K, Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi, and Elemchukwu Queen. "Prevalence Of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Female Students Of Michael Okpara University Of Agriculture,Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria." IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 9, no. 5 (2014): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3008-09523952.

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14

Onyenso, A. I., K. A. Nwobodo, and A. M. Yakubu. "Nutrients content and nutritive values of the leaves of alley woody species used in alley farming in Umudike Southern Nigeria." Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and the Social Sciences 16, no. 1 (May 22, 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/joafss.v16i1.2.

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Alley farming is an agroforestry system that utilizes trees for maintaining soil fertility and improving livestock production. This research assessed the nutrients and nutritive values of the leaves of four alley woody species: Cajanus cajan, Gliricidia sepium, Flamingia macrophylla and Leucaena leucocephala used at the agroforestry research farm of Department of Forestry and Environmental Management, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. Umudike. The results obtained showed that the leaves of the alley woody species contained: N, P, K, Ca, Mg and heavy metals like: Fe, Pb, Zn, and Cd in significant quantity while Cr was trace amount. Ni content was not significant (P>0.05). They also contained high moisture, Crude fibre, Crude protein, Carbohydrate and vitamins. The four alley woody species could be an ideal combination in alley farming system in revitalizing poor agricultural soil through litterfall and nutrient cycling and as well provide forage for livestock production. Keywords: Alley farming, alley woody species, nutrient content, nutritive value

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15

Isaac M, Ogbonna, and Onuoha Juliet. "Use of social media by agricultural science students in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia state, Nigeria." International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review 4, no. 2 (February 20, 2016): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcrar.2016.402.029.

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16

Odoemelam, L., and O. Maduka. "Unlocking the Entrepreneurial Potentials of Undergraduates in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Nigeria: The Role of Lecturers." Journal of Economics, Management and Trade 20, no. 2 (December 26, 2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jemt/2017/37020.

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17

Amos-Uhegbu, C., M. Igboekwe, K. Eke, and U. Eme. "Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Using Integrated Geophysical Data in Parts of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Southern Nigeria." Advances in Research 10, no. 3 (January 10, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/air/2017/32121.

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18

Suanon, Fidele, Biaou Dimon, Daouda Mama, and A. Lyde Tominti. "Study of the Sediments of the Dam of Okpara (Benin): Physico-Chemical Characterization and Speciation of Iron and Manganese." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 05, no. 07 (2013): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2013.57071.

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19

Okorie, D. O., C. O. Eleazu, and O. W. Akabuogu. "Quality evaluation of commercially sold table water samples in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria and surrounding environments." Toxicology Reports 2 (2015): 904–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.05.016.

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20

SEKLOKA, EMMANUEL, JACQUES LANÇON, BERNARD HAU, ERIC GOZÉ, SYLVIE LEWICKI, and GRÉGOIRE THOMAS. "A SIMPLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE END OF EFFECTIVE FLOWERING IN UPLAND COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM)." Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 2 (March 28, 2007): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447970600456x.

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In cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), it is hard to determine the exact date when reproductive growth ceases on the basis of field observations, as compared to more visible factors such as the onset of flowering or boll opening. It is, however, essential to characterize the growth cycle in order to determine what varieties are suitable for planting in different climatic and local cropping conditions. We estimated the end of the effective flowering period on the basis of the opening date of the last flower giving rise to a first-position boll on fruiting branches (LFP1), and propose a simple method for estimating this date. This study, conducted in 2002 and 2003 at Okpara, Benin, involved a comparison of six cotton varieties planted at two different dates (June and July). Plants were monitored to determine the dates when flowers opened at each position on fruiting branches. The LFP1 indicator made a clear distinction between varieties. This highly heritable trait, which was found to be closely correlated with other earliness criteria, could be used to characterize the length of the growth cycle in cotton varieties.

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21

UZOIGWE, Donald A., Comas O. MUONEKE, Charles C. NWOKORO, and Chikezie O. ENE. "Benefit Cost Analysis of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Varieties under Varying Planting Density." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 11, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb11110381.

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An investigation was conducted at the National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike and at the Research Farm of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State (Nigeria), to determine the benefit cost analysis of orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties under varying planting density (25,000; 33,333 and 50,000 plants/ha). The output of the production was computed by the use of benefit cost ratio (BCR) of the orange-fleshed sweet potato production. The benefit cost ratio analysis indicated that enterprise was successful and growing of the ‘Melinda’ variety at 50,000 plants/ha was a more profitable enterprise. The benefit cost-cost ratio of ‘Melinda’ variety at 50,000 plants/ha in 2015 and 2016 was 1.45 and 1.56 respectively while that of ‘Tio-joe’ at 50,000 plants/ha in both cropping seasons gave a benefit cost ratio of 1.14 and 1.42 respectively. The returns from selling of the vine cuttings brought about an incredible hike in the net return of the enterprise. ‘Melinda’ at 50,000 plants/ha is recommended to farmers as the most profitable venture in this experiment.

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22

Board, Editorial. "Editorial Board." Journal of Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology 14, no. 1 (March 2, 2016): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jnset.v14i1.1472.

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Professor C.F.I. Onwuka, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc. FASN, FNSAPDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Agriculture,ª¤? Abeokuta, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor M. Kadiri, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc., FIIAª¤?ª¤?Department of Biological Sciences, FederalUniversity of Agriculture,ª¤? Abeokuta, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor A.B. Adewumi, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc.ª¤?ª¤?Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture,ª¤? Abeokuta, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor M.O. Iwe, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc.Department of Food Science and Technology,Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor (Mrs.) C. O. Eromosele, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc.ª¤?ª¤?Department of Chemistry, Federal University ofAgriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor L.O. Sanni, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc.Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.ª¤?Professor I. Funtua, Ph.D., M.Sc. B.Sc.Centre for Energy Research and Training, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.ª¤?ª¤?Professor Zibokeri, Ph.D., M.Sc., B.Sc.Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeriaª¤?Editorial OfficersMr. A. A.ª¤? Jibokuª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤? -ª¤?ª¤? {Admin. Secretary}Mrs. N. O. Azeezª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤?ª¤? -ª¤?ª¤?ª¤? HND, ND, Secretaryª¤?ª¤?

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23

Stanley, Mbaj iuka Chindu, Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi, Ochei Kingsley Chinedum, and Iheke Steve Onyekachi. "Evaluation of Microbial Contamination of Tools Used In Hair Dressing Salons in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State." IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences 13, no. 7 (2014): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0853-13712227.

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24

Sidi Imorou, Rachad, Alphonse Adite, Hamidou Arame, and Pejanos Stanislas Sonon. "Aspects of life history patterns of the cichlid fish Hemichromis fasciatus Peters, 1857 from Okpara Stream, Northern Benin, West Africa." Aquatic Research 3, no. 2 (2020): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/ar20010.

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25

Ogouwale, Romaric, H. Totin, and M. Boko. "Potential impacts of climate changes on the availability of water resources in the basin of Okpara in Benin (West Africa)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 29 (February 1, 2009): 292051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1307/6/29/292051.

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26

Lanmandjèkpogni, Maurille P. S., François De Paule Codo, Babilas Hountondji, and Benjamin Kouassi Yao. "Accessibility Index of Aquatic Environments as an Indicator of Surface Water Vulnerability in Urban Areas: Case of the Okpara Basin (Benin)." Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 09, no. 04 (2019): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojmh.2019.94006.

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27

Lanmandjèkpogni, Maurille P. S., François De Paule Codo, Benjamin K. Yao, and Martin P. Aina. "Seasonal Variation of Nutrient Pollution and Suspended Solids in the Drainage Network of Okpara Basin in Parakou (North-East of Benin)." Journal of Environmental Protection 09, no. 13 (2018): 1359–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2018.913084.

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28

Utom, Ahamefula U., Benard I. Odoh, and Boniface C. E. Egboka. "Assessment of hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater quality in the vicinity of Okpara coal and Obwetti fireclay mines, near Enugu town, Nigeria." Applied Water Science 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2013): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-013-0080-7.

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29

Espinoza Espinoza, Alindor Fernando, Carlos Oswaldo Venturo Orbegoso, and Oscar Jhonny Bravo Chavez. "Factores que inciden en el crecimiento de las mypes de calzado." INNOVA Research Journal 5, no. 2 (May 7, 2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33890/innova.v5.n2.2020.1295.

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El presente trabajo de investigación busca analizar qué factores son los que tienen una mayor incidencia en el crecimiento de las mypes de calzado en la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú), donde el empresario es un elemento importante para crear valor a la empresa. El estudio ha considerado como referencia el marco teórico por Okpara y Wynn (2007), quienes han propuesto unas categorías para mantener un negocio exitoso, ubicados en: operativos, estratégicos, administrativos y externos. La metodología aplicada en el presente trabajo se desarrolla mediante un estudio cualitativo de desarrollo de casos, donde se delimita a doce empresas del sector calzado, que tienen siete criterios para elegir a los entrevistados.Los datos recolectados se obtendrán mediante una guía de entrevistas con sus respectivas categorías, subcategorías e indicadores respectivos para su confiabilidad. Los datos se examinaron mediante el paquete para triangular información denominado Atlas Ti versión 8. Los resultados de la presente investigación muestran la significancia de la categoría factores administrativos, donde se observa que la sub categoría administración general para el empresario, tiene un impacto fuerte en el desarrollo de las mypes de calzado, mientras que la categoría: factores estratégicos, donde la subcategoría infraestructura, no es un factor significativo para su crecimiento.

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30

DANIEL-IGWE, G., and N. OKWARA. "Breed-specific biochemical parameters of healthy adult turkeys in humid tropics in Nigeria." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 68, no. 4 (March 5, 2018): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.16054.

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This study evaluated the serum biochemistry profile of apparently healthy B-not strain of indigenous turkeys and determined the influence of sex on parameters. A total of 50 apparently healthy B-not strain of turkeys of either sex were studied. The turkeys were kept in the animal house at the College of Veterinary Medicine in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and standard procedures were followed in all the serum biochemistry parameters determined. The overall mean for the serum biochemistry parameters were as follows: alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 207.71 ± 2.93 IU/L, aspartate amino transferase (AST): 82.51 ± 1.13 IU/L, alanine amino transferase (ALT): 8.80 ± 0.83 IU/L, total protein: 3.69 ± 0.18 g/dl, albumin: 1.94 ± 0.54 g/dl, globulin: 1.75 ± 0.14 g/dl, cholesterol: 140.82 ± 5.28, bilirubin: 0.37 ± 0.07 mg/dl, urea: 4.29 ± 0.30 mg/dl, creatinine: 0.31 ± 0.38 mg/dl, triglycerides: 107.95 ± 7.55 mg/dl and glucose: 140.33 ± 0.52 mg/dl. In comparison to the female turkeys, the males had significant lower (p < 0.05) urea, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. It is thought that the baseline biochemical values will help veterinarians to interpret serum profile of sick animals and assist researchers in interpreting laboratory data.

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31

Akpo, M. A., A. Saidou, I. Balogoun, I. Yabi, and L. B. Bio Bigou. "Evaluation De La Performance Des Pratiques De Gestion De La Fertilite Des Sols Dans Le Bassin De La Riviere Okpara Au Benin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 33 (November 30, 2016): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n33p370.

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A good management of agricultural land based on scientific knowledge and farmer indigenuous knowledge is necessary to ensure sustainable agricultural production. Our research aims to evaluate the performance of farmers' strategies and improved soil fertility management practices in improving level of crop yields in the basin of the Okpara River in Benin. Surveys using semi-structured questionnaire were conducted from October 11 to November 30, 2015 on a sample of 1048 farmers belonging to socio-cultural groups Tchabè, Mahi, Ditamari, Lokpa, Bariba and Fulani. Informations collected concerned farmers' soil fertility management practices and soil fertility improvement strategies introduced by the extension services. Crop rotation, long term natural fallow, fallow with perennial crops especially cashew trees, cassava "fallow" and cereal and leguminuous intercropping (respectively 91.11; 41.66; 48.53; 54.61 and 86.25% of respondents) are endogenous soil fertility management practices. However, mineral and organic fertilizers (respectively 25.45 and 20.38% of respondents) are improved soil fertility management practices introduced. Generally 42% of respondent mentioned that indigenuous soil fertility management practices could improve only by 25% crop (especially maize) yield level against 98.5% of respondents who mentioned that improved soil fertility management practices could improve by 50% of the crop yield level. Considering the efficiency of these soil fertility management practices our study suggests some issues to be taken into account for better land management in the study area.

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32

Gbangboche, A. B., A. K. I. Youssao, M. Senou, M. Adamou-Ndiaye, A. Ahissou, F. Farnir, C. Michaux, F. A. Abiola, and P. L. Leroy. "Examination of non-genetic factors affecting the growth performance of djallonke sheep in soudanian zone at the Okpara breeding farm of Benin." Tropical Animal Health and Production 38, no. 1 (January 2006): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-006-4231-9.

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33

Adambi Boukari, Foukpe Zhairath, Ibrahim Traore Alkoiret, Soumanou Seibou Toleba, Athanase Ahissou, Fataou Zacharie Toure, Aliyassou Mama Yacoubou, Gabriel Assouan Bonou, Ignace Ogoudanan Dotche, Victoire Akpaki, and Issaka Abdou Karim Youssao. "Reproductive performances of the Borgou cow inseminated on natural or induced estrus with semen from Gir and Girolando at the Okpara Breeding Farm." Veterinary World 11, no. 5 (May 2018): 693–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.693-699.

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34

Nkechi, Paschal Adighije Jane, and Ikechukwu Dialoke. "Effects of Career Growth on Employees Performance : A Study of Non-Academic Staff of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Abia State, Nigeria." Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies 5, no. 7 (January 2017): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0037246.

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35

Obiadi, I. I., C. M. Obiadi, B. E. B. Akudinobi, U. V. Maduewesi, and E. O. Ezim. "Effects of coal mining on the water resources in the communities hosting the Iva Valley and Okpara Coal Mines in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria." Sustainable Water Resources Management 2, no. 3 (May 7, 2016): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40899-016-0061-8.

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36

Dong, Bella. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 6 No. 2." Journal of Food Research 6, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v6n2p100.

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Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to jfr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 2Antonello Santini, University of Napoli "Federico II", ItalyBernardo Pace, Institute of Science of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), ItalyElsa M Goncalves, Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrária (INIA), PortugalFernanda Papa Spada, University of São Paulo, BrazilFrancesca Danesi, University of Bologna, ItalyJasdeep Saini, WTI (world Technology Ingredients), Inc., United StatesLuis Patarata, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, PortugalMarta Mesias, Spanish National Research Council, SpainMarwa Ibrahim Abd El Hamid, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.Nicola Caporaso, University of Naples Federico II, ItalyPalmiro poltronieri, National Research Council of Italy, ItalyPhilippa Chinyere Ojimelukwe, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, NigeriaQinlu Lin, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, ChinaRaza Hussain, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, CanadaSefat E Khuda, US Food and Drug Administration, United StatesTzortzis Nomikos, Harokopio University, GreeceVasudha Bansal, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), IndiaVioleta Ivanova-Petropulos, University "Goce Delcev" - Stip, Republic of MacedoniaWon Choi, University of Hawaii at Manoa, United States

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Nwankwo, E. O., C. L. Ekemezie, and S. Adeyemo. "Evaluation of microbial flora of the external surface of housefly (Musca domestica) in Umuahia Metropolis, Abia State, Southeast Nigeria." Calabar Journal of Health Sciences 3 (February 4, 2020): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/cjhs_5_2019.

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Objective: Houseflies are vectors responsible for the mechanical transmission of pathogens acquired from feeding in feces and decayed organic debris. Human consumption of such food without warming could lead to gastroenteritis, a major public health problem. The aim of this research was to evaluate the range of microbial pathogens associated with the external surfaces of fly vectors and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial pathogens. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 houseflies were collected with a sterile net from different parts of Umuahia, Abia State. Their external surfaces were screened for bacteria, fungi, and protozoan parasites in the Microbiology Laboratory of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike by standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates was carried out by disc diffusion method. Results: The most frequently observed microorganisms were Escherichia coli (22.9%), Klebsiella spp. (16.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.6%), Aspergillus spp. (28.3%), Mucor spp. (21.7%), Entamoeba histolytica (32.7%), and Endolimax nana (30.9%). Houseflies from broken sewage had the highest total viable counts and frequency of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Bacterial isolates from houseflies gotten from health-care facilities showed higher levels of multiple drug resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. Conclusion: In this study, pathogenic microorganisms were recovered from the external surface of houseflies, the vectoral agents of mechanical transfer of microbial contaminants to exposed food. Most of the microorganisms observed in this study are known pathogens that can cause gastroenteritis which is a public health concern.

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Nnaji, J. C. "ADVANCES IN BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS: THE ROLE OF VARIOUS CATALYSTS." Open Journal of Engineering Science (ISSN: 2734-2115) 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojes.v1i1.83.

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Biodiesel is a renewable, clean-burning, and biodegradable fuel which can be synthesized from readily available domestic and natural sources, such as edible, non-edible and waste cooking oils, which may serve as a substitute to petro-diesel. It is produced by catalytic transesterification of fats and oils. A number of researches has been devoted to discovering a benign catalyst, especially heterogeneous acid catalyst that could convert non-edible and waste cooking oils with high free fatty acid into biodiesel, in an attempt to reduce the cost of production. The cost of production of biodiesel is still far higher than that of conventional petro-diesel, owing to the cost of edible oil currently being used, processes involved, and cost of conventional heterogeneous catalysts employed. This study assessed the role of various catalysts; homogeneous, heterogenous and enzyme-catalyzed transesterification reactions, in terms of their advantages and disadvantages in biodiesel production in order to establish very promising catalysts. Some methods of heterogeneous acid catalysts were also highlighted. Amongst the common heterogeneous catalyst, carbon-based solid acid catalysts were recommended as very promising solid acid catalyst that can utilize the non-edible oils in biodiesel production. The advantages of carbon-based solid acid catalysts include cheap readily available raw materials for their synthesis, easier production processes, relative stability, high reusability and potential for utilizing waste and non-edible oils for biodiesel production. Nnaji, J. C. | Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

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Iyasele, E. O. "A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES BASED ON PEROVSKITES." Open Journal of Engineering Science (ISSN: 2734-2115) 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 26–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojes.v1i1.82.

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) though in its development stage, has been of interest to Scientists receiving considerable attention in recent years as a promising material capable of developing high performance photovoltaic devices at low cost. Owing to their solution processability, broad spectrum solar absorption, low non-radiative recombination losses, etc., PSCs provide numerous advantages over most thin ﬁlm absorber materials. Due to the substantial improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of these materials, photovoltaic efficiency has reached prestigious position (approx. 20.1 %) within the last 5 years. In this review article, we discuss the current state of the Art for photovoltaic devices based on Perovskites, highlighting the underlying phenomenon, synthesis, challenges, comparison to other technologies and future outlook. We emphasized the importance of Perovskite ﬁlm formation and qualities in achieving highly efficient photovoltaic devices. The flexibility and simplicity of Perovskite fabrication methods allows the use of mesoporous and planar device architectures. A variety of processing techniques are currently employed to form the highest quality CH3NH3PbX3 ﬁlms resulting to high performance PSC devices which include stoichiometry, thermal annealing, solvent engineering, additives and environmental control. In this review, we outlined and discussed the challenges of PSCs including its stability issues, hysteresis effects, and ion migration effects. Possible ways overcoming these challenges and improvement on the stability of PSCs so far were also addressed. Iyasele, E. O. | Mechanical Engineering Department, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

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Obi, C. N., and P. George. "The Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Borehole Waters used by Off-Campus Students of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike (MOUAU), Abia State, Nigeria." Research Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 11 (November 1, 2011): 602–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjbsci.2011.602.607.

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Dong, Bella. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 10 No. 4." Journal of Food Research 10, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v10n4p56.

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Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated. Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: jfr@ccsenet.org Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 4   Ammar Eltayeb Ali Hassan, University of Tromsø, Norway Bruno Alejandro Irigaray, Facultad de Química, Uruguay Claudia Alejandra Narvaez, University of Manitoba, Canada Corina-aurelia Zugravu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Romania Diego A. Moreno-Fernández, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain Elke Rauscher-Gabernig, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Austria Elsa M Goncalves, Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrária (INIA), Portugal Emma Chiavaro, University of Parma, Italy J. Basilio Heredia, Research Center for Food and Development, Mexico Liana Claudia Salanta, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania Mohd Nazrul Hisham Daud, Malaysian Agricultural Research & Development Institute, Malaysia Philippa Chinyere Ojimelukwe, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria Rania I. M. Almoselhy, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt Vezirka Jankuloska, University "St. Kliment Ohridski"- Bitola, Republic of Macedonia Y. Riswahyuli, Gadah Mada University, Indonesia

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Fofana, Rafatou, Constant Labintan, Daouda Mama, Christophe Kaki, Abel Afouda, and Come Linsoussi. "Eco-Toxicological Approach as a Contribution to Integrated Water Management on Okpara Dam at Kpassa in Benin: Evaluation of Contamination of Fish and Surface Water by Organochlorine Pesticides." Journal of Water Resource and Protection 06, no. 14 (2014): 1268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2014.614116.

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Alexis, Hougni, Imorou Lucien, Dagoudo Augustin, and Zoumarou-Wallis Nouhoun. "Caractérisation Agro-Morphologique De Variétés De Cotonnier (Gossypium Hirsutum) Pour Une Régionalisation Economique Pour La Production Du Coton Au Bénin." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 36 (December 31, 2016): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n36p210.

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To take more account of the terroir effect in varietal choice and address the concerns of cotton farmers who disapprove the agricultural policy of single variety, research on varietal regionalization was initiated during four campaigns, by the Agricultural Research Center for Cotton Fibers. This idea is reinforced by the diversity of agro-ecological zones of the country. The nonrenewal of the variety in extension since the 2002-2003 campaign is also an element of justification concerns of industry players. This study aims to exploit the terroir effect to identify the most suitable varieties for each agroecological zone and meet the needs of industry players including producers and ginners. The experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 on Angaradébou sites, Okpara, Savalou and Ketou respectively representing the zones 1 (Alibori / Atakora); 2 (Borgou / Donga); 3 (Hills) and 4 (Zou / Ouemé Plateau / Mono-Couffo). The adopted experimental device is a Fisher block with four replicate and eight treatments or varieties H 279-1 in extension witness. Other varieties include E 944-2; E 956-2; H 769-5; H 782-3; I 875-3; K 768-3 and K 787-2.The measured parameters are the earliness of production, seed cotton yield in the field, the weight of 100 seeds and the fiber ginning outturn. Data analysis revealed significant differences between and inside sites for most measured parameters. The results showed that varieties E 956-2 (1983.85 kg / ha), H 769-5 (1820.49 kg / ha), K 768-3 (1735.42 kg / ha) and H 782-3 (1533.59 kg / ha) in terms of seed cotton yield in the field and compared their performance to shattering were the best respectively in zones 1, 2, 3 and 4.

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Osuji, E. E., A. Tim-Ashama, M. O. Okwara, J. A. L. Effiong, and U. G. Anyanwu. "IMPLICATIONS OF MACRO-ECONOMIC VARIABLES FOR NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA." Open Journal of Agricultural Science (ISSN: 2734-214X) 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojas.v1i1.88.

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In recent time, the impact of macro-economic variables on agriculture has become an issue of concern in terms of securing adequate food supply for the populace. This study evaluated the implications of macro-economic variables for national food security in Nigeria. This study made use of time series data sourced from the publications of Central Bank of Nigeria Annual Reports, Statistical Bulletins and the National Bureau of Statistics spanning from 1995 to 2015. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration test with Error Correction Model (ECM) was adopted to substantiate the implications of these macro-economic variables. The results of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test showed that Food security, Interest rate, Exchange rate, Net export and Government expenditures were non stationary at their respective level forms and became stationary at first difference. While Inflation and Money supply were found to be stationary at level form. ARDL bounds test for co-integration confirms the existence of long run relationship between the variables. The results of long run and short run relationships shows that Interest rate, Inflation, Government expenditures and Money supply were both significant at 5% and 1% levels indicating that these variables had a significant impact on food security. The estimated error correction coefficient of -0.7996 is highly significant, has the correct sign, and implies a fairly high speed of adjustment to equilibrium after a shock. However, these findings recommend farmers in Nigeria to take good advantage of the linkages between macroeconomic variables and agricultural productivity, as this useful information can assist them to boost their land productivity, hence increased food security at all times. Osuji, E. E. | Department of Agricultural Economics, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike (MOUAU), Abia State, Nigeria

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Ukeh, O. O., O. R. Ozoemelam, E. C. Justina, and O. O. D. Nduka. "Beyond Just Branding Gimmick: Power of Youths in Eco-Certification in Abia State, Nigeria." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 4 (2019): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2019.4-06.

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Businesses do not operate in a vacuum. Activities of business have steadily increased pressure on the environment, leading to a growing demand for environmental sustainability and measures to address it. Eco-certification is seen as a strategic communication tool in green marketing strategy to build trust and credibility. This study provides evidence that eco-branding is more than just a branding gimmick. Using a sample of 120 students from Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, who are the future of environmentalism. The study observed that communication and campaign about environmental practices are not totally rejected by Nigerians. This mirrors the importance of perceived behavioural control especially – the dimension of self-efficacy and could serve as a foundation for developing policies that challenge certain assumptions held by young people concerning ecological issues. It also shows that young people are highly aware of eco-branding and labelling though their perception is limited to their level of exposure hence they consider such products being organic products. In addition, respondents prefer voluntary labelling than mandatory option. Voluntary labelling it emphasis the strength of value and ethical-moral burden and commitment of the firm to the environment. These voluntary labels often come from trusted third-party institutions with high credibility. This study, therefore, identified that consumer’s education is a gateway to achieving the intent of eco-labels and branding because consumer perception of certification is negative.as it is seen as a marketing gimmick which reflects credibility crisis about brands with massive investment to promote environmental performance. This study also provides evidence that what drives certification performance among consumers is their concern about the environment and awareness of benefit such concern have on sustainability. The role of marketing is to design a green communication strategy that improves corporate credibility. In going for eco-label policy, it is important to ensure the credibility of the certification as it reflects the credibility of the firm before the public. Keywords: brand credibility, eco-branding, eco-labelling, eco-certification, environment, youth.

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Ceperley, Natalie, Florencia Montagnini, and Armand K. Natta. "Importance des sites sacrés pour la conservation des forêts-galeries au Centre-Bénin." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 303, no. 303 (March 1, 2010): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2010.303.a20450.

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Les mares, bassins ou sites sacrés de forêtsgaleries le long des cours d'eau, encore appelés Íbú ódó en langue Tchabè, sont respectés par les communautés Tchabè le long des fleuves Ouémé et Okpara au Centre-Bénin (Afrique de l'Ouest). Le caractère sacré de ces sites et points d'eau a un impact évident sur la conservation de la biodiversité, à travers la prohibition de l'utilisation des poisons pour la pêche, de la pollution des eaux, l'interdiction de l'élevage, les défrichements dans leur voisinage immédiat, etc. La structure et la diversité des forêts-galeries et Íbú ódó ont été examinées dans trois sites différents (Djabata, Idadjo et Monka) de forêts-galeries adjacents à des sites et points d'eau sacrés. En outre, les caractéristiques des forêts-galeries ont été analysées du point de vue des différents modes d'utilisation et de gestion des terres, en zones agricole, domaines utilisés par les villages et sites sacrés des religions traditionnelles. La diversité des ligneux (dbh 10 cm) est plus élevée dans les sites des forêts sacrées, tandis que la surface terrière est plus grande dans les sites à forte emprise humaine ou adjacents aux Íbú ódó. Sur le plan floristique, les forêts-galeries les plus éloignées des villages sont les plus diversifiées, avec les plus grandes surfaces terrières. L'enquête ethnobotanique auprès des anciens et des chefs chasseurs a révélé l'importance culturelle et la diversité des ressources des sites de forêtsgaleries sacrés. Les Íbú ódó sont respectés par tous les villageois y compris les immigrants et colons agricoles non Tchabè. Les fonctions des écosystèmes riverains (telles que brisevent, fertilité des sols, sites privilégiés de chasse) sont reconnues et valorisées par les populations riveraines. La présente étude recommande d'inclure les sites sacrés de forêts-galeries dans une stratégie de gestion durable du bassin du fleuve Ouémé, afin d'inverser la destruction de la végétation et de préserver la diversité des forêts-galeries. C'est une nécessité pour un contrôle efficace des inondations et la conservation de la biodiversité au Centre-Bénin. (Résumé d'auteur)

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Chinyere, Agommuoh P., and Ndirika M. C. "Promoting Innovation, Creativity and Entrepreneurship Skills in Science Education Students: A Panacea for Employability." Journal of Education and Practice 4, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jep.477.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how science teachers can teach science education students in order to promote innovative, creative and entrepreneurship skills in them to enable them become employable in the labour market. Unemployment in Nigeria is a time bomb waiting to explode at any time except proper and effective interventions is put in place to mitigate the impact of high youth unemployment. This paper uses descriptive survey research design. The population of the study is all the 933 science education students in the Department of Science Education of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike.Methodology: A simple random sampling technique was used to sample 100 (80 males and 70 females) science education students. Three research questions and three hypotheses that were tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The instrument for data collection was the researcher’s developed questionnaire of the four-point Likert Scale type of Strongly Agree (SA), Agree(A), Disagree(D) and Strongly Disagree (SD) which are rated 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The instrument was validated and its coefficient of reliability obtained as 0.89. Data collected were analyzed using mean to answer the research questions and t- test to analyze the hypotheses.Findings: The results obtained indicated that teaching science students in such a way that they will be able to make use of facilitation technique that allows for sharing ideas and freedom to innovate; develop skills for accessing funds and accounting; develop critical skills that will enhance innovative ideas; develop collaborative skills needed for joining cooperative societies like producer and consumer cooperative and develop the ability to organize and build network are some of the things the science teacher should do to promote innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship skills in science students.Unique Contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended that science education students should be taught science properly so that they can develop critical skills to enhance their innovative ideas. Also, science students should be taught science in a way that will help them develop collaborative skills needed for joining and organizing cooperative societies.

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Nwofia, Godson Emeka, Queen Udodirim Okwu, and Emmanuel Ukaobasi Mbah. "Response of Thirteen Tannia Accessions to Variations in Planting Date in the Humid Tropics." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0020.

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AbstractThe objectives of the study were to assess the inter-relationship between growth, yield, nutritional and anti-nutritional responses of thirteen tannia (Xanthosoma sagittifolium L.) accessions to planting date (May, June and July) in the humid tropics. Tannia corms and leaves are veritable sources of dietary fibre and starch, also essential minerals and vitamins; hence its value for security and as a cash crop for people in the humid tropics. A two-year 13-genotype × 3 planting date factorial arranged rain-fed field experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out during the 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. The results indicated that planting date and accession influenced growth and yield of tannia, an indication of differential responses of the thirteen accessions to the planting dates (May, June and July). The results suggest that May is the most appropriate planting date; accessions planted during this month had the highest yields. The interaction between planting date and tannia accession was significant for some traits (number of leaves per plant and cormel weight per plant) in both years and significant for plant height, pseudo-circumference and corm weight (2014); leaf area and tannia yield (2015). The correlation analysis showed good selection characters in plant height, pseudo-stem circumference, leaf area, number of leaves per plant, corm weight, corm circumference, cormel weight and cormel circumference for high yielding varieties, while nutritional analysis (crude protein, carbohydrate, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, tannin and oxalate) exhibited lower concentrations in processed corms relative to unprocessed. The corm yield of the tannia accessions ranged from 1.49 to 13.48 Mt.ha−1 in 2014 and 2.72 to 8.50 Mt.ha−1 in 2015 and best four accessions judged by interaction between tannia accession and date of planting was 13 (Ikaro) > 12 (Idoani) > 3 (Ehor) > 10 (Idasen) in May 2014 compared to accessions 6 (Ewu) >10 (Idasen) > 12 (Idoani) > 1 (Ikpoba) planted in June 2015. The differences in sequence suggest that both environment and genetic constitution contribute to Tannia yield.

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Nwachukwu, Patrick Chinyeaka, BON C. OKORO, JOACHIM CHINONYE OSUAGWU, and STEVE I. NWANKWO. "Correlation of Surface Geophysical and Logging Data of Some Selected Boreholes in Imo State, South Eastern Nigeria." Journal of Geography and Geology 7, no. 4 (December 2, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v7n4p1.

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Boreholes have become a major source of water supply in South Eastern Nigeria, an area with diversity in geology, topography and climatic conditions. The common approaches in borehole investigations are surface survey and logging. The two approaches are supposed to be complementary. However, for small schemes of groundwater development, logging is hardly considered.. Six boreholes were selected from locations at the three geographical zones of Imo state. The selected locations are Umueze, Umuduru, Ogbor-Ugiiri, Ngor Okpuala and Eziama. Geophysical survey and logging were carried out. Electrical resistivity method was adapted for geophysical survey. ABEM Terrameter (SAS) 300B with digital read-out was used for logging. The degree of correlation between the variables was determined by computing the coefficient of correlation denoted as R<sup>2</sup>. The results indicate generally poor correlations between logging and geophysical surface values for the selected boreholes except for the one located at Ngor Okpala with R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.7408. At this location, geophysical surface method for borehole locations can be carried without any Logging exercise to establish the Total Drilling Depth (TDD). This will help reduce the total cost for the drilling of the boreholes and also save time and much desired energy. In those areas where no correlation exists, there is need for Government Financial support in drilling sustainable borehloes as much costs are involved in investigation and construction works.

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Beaumont, C. Ellsworth, and E. Nwankwo. "Promoting Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer in Nigeria Using Materials Designed to Cross Communication Barriers of Fear, Taboo and Literacy Between Health Care Teams and the Community at Risk From Breast Cancer." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 36s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.58300.

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Background: Nigeria, annually, has the highest numbers of death from breast cancer (BC) in Africa, estimated at 10,000. While BC incidence is declining in many parts of the world, it is increasing in Nigeria. Delay in BC diagnosis in Nigeria is due to: i) health care professionals (HCPs) and patients having poor knowledge of BC causation and symptoms; ii) incorrect diagnosis of symptoms; iii) delay in treatment seeking; iv) use of ineffective/harmful treatment methods.1 Low literacy rates, fear of cancer and the cultural taboos associated with BC create communication hurdles difficult to overcome.2 Aim: Increased HCP and patient of knowledge of BC causes, symptoms and detection, and improved communication between HCP and patients, resulting in increased and improved diagnostic protocol adherence, more patients self-reporting symptoms, and ultimately down-staging of patients. Methods: i) Aggregation of historical data of participating clinics of patients BC stage at diagnosis; ii) survey of HCP knowledge of BC symptoms and diagnostic protocols before and after seeing Worldwide Breast Cancer´s (WBC) Know Your Lemons (KYL) education materials; iii) frequency of display of KYL posters in clinics; iv) HCP survey of frequency of BC health discussions during a clinic visit; v) pre- and postsurvey of patient knowledge, interest and willingness to report symptoms at community education sessions, vi) count of number of patients reporting symptoms while making/attending clinic appointments. Results: Increase in HCP knowledge of symptoms and diagnostic protocols before and after seeing the KYL education materials; more visible use of patient friendly BC education materials displayed in the clinic; increase in frequency of breast health discussions initiated by HCPs with their patients; improved patient interest and knowledge of symptoms and diagnostic protocols; increase in patient confidence in being able to recognize a BC symptom; increase in patients making clinic appointments and self-referring symptoms to HCPs. Conclusion: As proven in other parts of the world with the KYL education materials, the researchers aim to prove, in undertaking this study in Lagos, Nigeria, that training HCPs (e.g., patient navigators, community workers, primary care physicians, mammography technicians) and patients in the signs/symptoms and risk factors for breast cancer using WBC´s bright, appealing and eye catching KYL materials can improve how HCPs and patients communicate about BC symptoms and detection option, which leads to earlier stage of diagnosis. 1. Agba et al, 2012; American Cancer Society, 2011; Cancer Today, 2012; Ogundipe, 2011; Osain, 2011; Prevalence of Breast Cancer, 2015. 2. Okpara and Kabongo, 2011; Total Facts Nigeria, 2017; World Atlas, 2017.

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