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1
Hradečný, Tomáš. "Krematorium." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225778.
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In this thesis project is developed for the implementation of new build crematorium in Austerlitz. It is situated in a quiet area on the outskirts of town, at the intersection of roads from Brno and Křenovice. When designing the building, emphasis is placed on the longitudinal axis symmetry object. The building is single-storey, semi-basement. The roof structure is designed with three different height levels, except where the input parts and components for guests is located lowest flat roof, a second, higher level flat roof above the crematory facilities at the rear. Above spaces funeral parlor is the highest, the dominant part of the roof, which is of trusses and is pitched. The basic construction of the crematorium are bearing walls of ceramic bricks, are used in the basement concrete perimeter wall. The exterior walls are used insulation system.
2
Hongu, Nobuko, Alexandra M. Franklin, and Asuka Suzuki. "Okra." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/346103.
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4 pp.Okra is a popular vegetable frequently found in Southern dishes. Outside of the South, okra can be hard to find. Usually okra appears during the summer at farmers markets and specialty health stores. Okra is a rich source of many nutrients, including fiber. This article outlines the nutritional benefits of okra and provides tips for how to select, store, and cook okra as well as how to grow okra in your home garden. Two of our favorite cooking methods – roasting and sautéing okra are introduced.
3
Alba, Katerina. "Isolation, characterization and functional properties of okra pectin." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26440/.
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Pectin was isolated by aqueous extraction at pH 6.0 or 2.0 from okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) pods. An isolation protocol was designed to extract pectin and study the influence of the extraction pH on its chemical composition, macromolecular and functional properties. The extraction protocols resulted in the isolation of pectin of high purity as evidenced by their high total carbohydrate (70.0 – 82%) and low protein (4.3 – 6.3%) contents. Samples contained between 47-57% galacturonic acid, had broad molecular weight distributions, a low degree of methylation (40 and 25 %) and high degree of acetylation (52 and 38 %). Neutral sugar analysis showed that pectin extracted at pH 6.0 contained more neutral sugars, particularly, galactose, rhamnose and arabinose than that extracted at pH 2.0 indicating variations in fine structure. In addition, molecular parameters of the isolated pectins, such as intrinsic viscosity (2.8 – 4.4 dL g-1), critical concentration (0.15 – 0.45 dL g-1) and coil overlap parameter (0.66 –1.51), showed that extraction conditions resulted in pectin with different chain macromolecular characteristics. Following extraction, the functional properties of okra pectin were investigated in high and low moisture systems and also in colloidal dispersions. It has been shown that okra polysaccharides are non-gelling pectins and their inability to form ordered structures was attributed to the high degree of acetylation and branching of the side-chains. The pH sensitivity of okra pectins has been further demonstrated in high solid systems, where the mechanical relaxation of LM-pectin in the presence of co-solute has been altered by pH. It has been shown that high pH values result in extended chain conformation and early vitrification events. In contrast, viscoelastic functions of polyelectrolyte decreased and resulted in delayed vitrification events at low pH. The next step of present work was focused on potential utilization of okra polysaccharides in fabrication of oil-in-water emulsions for food and pharmaceutical applications. The emulsifying properties of crude okra extracts and okra isolates (rich in pectin) have been investigated under different conditions (e.g., oil volume fraction, biopolymer concentration, pH values, energy input methods) in order to produce fine emulsions with long-term stability. It has been shown that pH of extraction has a pronounced effect on the interfacial activity of both crude extract and pectin isolates. Extracts or isolates obtained at high pH demonstrated higher emulsifying capacity than those extracted at low pH. In general, okra pectin isolates were more efficient in emulsion stabilisation than crude extracts by producing emulsions of smaller droplet sizes. Moreover, emulsifying capacity of okra pectin was affected by the pH and stable emulsions were produced only at low pH values (pH 2.0 or 3.0). It has been shown that okra pectin-stabilized emulsions evolve under the effects of Ostwald ripening and coalescence during the long-term storage. The present work shows the potential of okra pectins as emulsifiers under acidic conditions and serves as the basis for the development of such systems in encapsulation technology of bioactive components.
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Wilson, F. D., and G. D. Jr Butler. "Whitefly Adults in Okra-Leaf and Normal-Leaf Cotton." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204512.
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The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) continues to be a serious pest of cotton and an important vector of several virus diseases of fall vegetables. In our search for resistant germplasm, we counted adult whiteflies on cotton cultivars and breeding stocks in AZ and Israel. At Maricopa (MAC), seven of 19 cottons had significantly fewer whiteflies than the check, 'Stoneville 825'. Five of the seven were okra-leaf and two were normal-leaf cottons. In another experiment at MAC, an okra-leaf cotton did not have fewer whiteflies than a normal-leaf one. At several locations in Israel, the okraleaf cotton, BD-12, had significantly fewer whiteflies than a number of normal-leaf cottons.
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Butler, G. D. Jr, and F. D. Wilson. "Whitefly Adults in Okra-Leaf and Normal-Leaf Cottons." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219769.
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The 1985 and 1986 Cotton Reports have the same publication and P-Series numbers.The sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) continues to be a serious pest of cotton and an important vector of several virus diseases of fall vegetables. In our search for germplasm resistant to the whitefly, we observed that okra-leaf selections of ST-8701N and ST-8737N had fewer adult whiteflies. La Okra 5-5 had fewer whiteflies than the normal-leaf Stoneville 213. Thus, okra-leaf selections appear to offer some resistance to the whitefly.
6
Brdečková, Helena. "Sesuvy v mělkých neogenních pánvích při jihozápadním okraji karpatské předhlubně na Moravě." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392315.
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The Carpathian foredeep is a lengthwise depressed area in the Carpathian foreland. In Moravia, it is mainly filled with Neogene soils. The thesis focuses on the South Moravian landslides which occurred in shallow relicts of Neogene deposits along a foredeep margin which lie on the rocks of the Bohemian Massif. Landslide activity within these shallow basins is a result of a number of factors. In the theoretical part, important general features of landslide areas, their geological conditions and hydrogeological regime are investigated. Next, available data on the geomechanical behaviour of soils, often connected with these landslides, are summarized and evaluated. The case studies deal with the landslide localities Budkovice-Svízla, Brno-Bystrc and Znojmo. The case study of Budkovice-Svízla is based on an extensive engineering geological survey of the locality and the measurement of groundwater levels in the years 1988 – 2017. In the thesis, the hydrogeological regime of the area is analysed and a reconstruction of the ground surface before slope movement is carried out. The probable trigger mechanisms, the development of sliding and the efficiency of the executed remedies of the landslide are evaluated by numerical studies. In conclusion, general recommendations for an engineering-geological survey and building activities in the area of interest are formulated.
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Wilson, F. Douglas, and Hollis M. Flint. "Pink Bollworm Resistance and Lint Yield of a Nectariless, Okra-Leaf Germplasm Line." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204496.
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A nectariless, okra -leaf germplasm line of cotton, Gossvpium hirsutum L., designated WC-12NL, was compared with a nectaried, regular leaf commercial cultivar, 'Deltapine 61' (DPL-61) at two locations, Maricopa, AZ and Brawley, CA. At Maricopa, two and three insecticide applications were required for control of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), on WC-12NL and DPL-61, respectively. At Brawley, six and nine applications were required. Lint yield of WC-12NL was 30% higher than that of DPL-61 at Maricopa, while at Brawley, lint yields were about equal.
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Agyarko, Robert Owusu. "God's unique priest (Nyamesofopreko) :christology in the Akan context." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6416_1298547178.
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This study entails a constructive contribution towards a contemporary reinterpretation, within the Akan context, of the classic Christian notion of Christ&rsquo
s person and work as Mediator between God and humanity. Specifically, I endeavour to reinterpret aspects of the Christian confession of faith as formulated by the Council of Chalcedon (451) that, Jesus Christ is &ldquo
truly God&rdquo
(vere Deus) as well as &ldquo
truly human&rdquo
(vere homo). I build on the notion that the relationship between these two claims may also be understood in terms of the one &ldquo
person&rdquo
and the two &ldquo
natures&rdquo
of Jesus Christ. The work of Christ is reinterpreted from this perspective. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part, which covers the first four chapters, entail reviews of some of the dominant African Christologies &ndash
with particular reference to divine conqueror and ancestor Christologies. In these chapters, the adequacy of the mentioned Christologies is assessed with reference to the Nicene/Chalcedonian confessional definition concerning the person of Christ. The conclusion reached is that these Christologies do not adequately express the person of Christ as truly divine as well as truly human as defined by the first four ecumenical councils. As a result, these Christologies also express the work of Christ, particularly his atonement in a less adequate way.
9
Shoecraft, Ashleigh P. ""A Single Finger Can't Eat Okra": The Importance of Remembering the Haitian Revolution in United States History." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/126.
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This thesis discusses the impact of the Haitian Revolution on the United States as a lens through which to view the transnational nature of American exceptionalism. It concludes with an articulation of the necessity of incorporating this relational nature of United States identity development into high school coursework, and advocates for teaching about the Haitian Revolution as an effective means through which to do this.
10
Gordon, Garry G. Brown James E. "The effects of color plastic mulches and row covers on the growthand production of okra and summer squash." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/master's/GORDON_GARRY_39.pdf.
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Lee, Chai Siah. "Extraction of bio-flocculant from okra using hydrothermal and microwave extraction methods combined with a techno-economic assessment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/43270/.
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Since the usage of chemical flocculants especially polyacrylamides is closely related with environmental pollution and health hazards, synthesis of environmental friendly and economic viable bio-flocculants that exhibit high flocculating efficiency is highly desirable. The production of natural bio-flocculants extracted from plant is urgently needed as an alternative to chemical flocculants due to their inherent low toxicity, biodegradability and low environmental footprint. In this study, a plant-based bio-flocculant was extracted from Hibiscus/Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) with conventional hydrothermal extraction (CHE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) processes by using water as solvent. The aims of this work were to produce the bio-flocculant through environmentally friendly and economically feasible process, optimise its extraction yield, optimise its flocculating and sludge dewatering properties, and also minimise its production cost in order to be comparable to chemical flocculants (polyacrylamides) from perspectives of quality and cost. The extraction efficiencies of bio-flocculants were justified by the optimised yields, the flocculating abilities were evaluated by the removal of suspended solids (SS) and turbidity after flocculation process and sludge volume index (SVI) whereas the sludge dewatering abilities were assessed by SS removal after filtration and water recovery. Single factor experimental design was employed to study the effects of extraction temperature, time, solvent loading, and agitation speed and particle size on yield, flocculating and dewatering properties of bio-flocculants. The influence of extraction parameters to yield and the reliability of the experimental data were verified by analysing the single factor experimental results with response surface methodology. Results showed that extraction yields were significantly affected by extraction temperature and time and solvent loading. Prolonged extraction (few hours) at high temperature (60-90 ˚C) decreased the yields of bio-flocculants extracted with CHE method. Conversely, extraction at high temperature was favourable for MAE method to raise the yield due to short extraction time in minutes. Flocculating abilities of bio-flocculants were not significantly affected by the extraction conditions whilst the sludge dewatering abilities were mainly influenced by the temperature and particle size. High extraction temperature at ≥ 70 ˚C and the smallest okra particle size at 1mm were the crucial conditions for extraction of bio-flocculants with high dewatering abilities which showed > 95% of SS removal after filtration and ≥75% of water recovery. The optimised yield of CHE at 25.9% was obtained at 50 ˚C, 2 hours, solvent loading of 2.5 w/w and agitation at 200 rpm. On the other hand, microwave-extracted bio-flocculants were best extracted at 90 ˚C, 10 minutes, and solvent loading of 3.5 w/w and okra particle size at 1mm to get the optimised yield at 48.7%. These results revealed that the extraction yield has been enhanced by 87.8% by using MAE method and the extraction time was markedly reduced from hours to minutes. This study uses a combination of empirical observations and an analysis of mass transfer behaviour to yield new insights into the mechanism of MAE. Enhancements in extraction rate and yield achieved by microwave extraction were observed experimentally compared with hydrothermal extraction at temperatures in excess of 50 ˚C, however at lower temperatures there was no observable difference between the two processes. A step-change in extraction yield between microwave and hydrothermal processes was shown to be caused by selective heating. A temperature gradient of the order of 1 ˚C is sufficient to reduce the water chemical potential within the plant cell structure, which causes diffusion of water solvent into plant cell such that internal plant cell pressures can increase to the point where disruption occurs. These findings demonstrate the need to operate microwave extraction processes at a temperature that enables selective heating, and a newly-proposed mass transfer phenomenon that could have wider positive implications for extraction and leaching processes. The bio-flocculants extracted with both methods were applied in flocculation and sludge dewatering without pH alteration and addition of coagulant. Efficient flocculating abilities were attained with >99% of SS and turbidity removal and < 10 mg/L of SVI. However, microwave extracted bio-flocculants were shown to exhibit higher dewatering abilities than hydrothermal extracted bio-flocculants. The bio-flocculants displayed the results of >95% SS removal after filtration and 75% water recovery during sludge dewatering at dosage of 30 mg/L, and was shown to be comparable to or even better than polyacrylamides due to achievement of higher water recovery at the same dosage. Dried bio-flocculants were found to have higher dewatering abilities than aqueous bio-flocculants, probably because drying at low temperature (40 ˚C) has minimised the moisture content and extended the shelf life of bio-flocculants. Biopolymer bridging was preliminary predicted as the plausible bio-flocculation mechanism. The economic feasibility of production of industrial scale bio-flocculant was investigated and the production process was modelled by using SuperPro Designer v9.0 simulation software. The MAE process in continuous mode was verified to be more economically viable than CHE process either in batch or continuous mode if the production scale was beyond 15 tonne/year. Sensitivity analysis for continuous microwave process was conducted and the results indicated the strong influences of annual production and extraction yield followed by raw material okra price on the unit production cost. Continuous microwave process with extraction conditions at 90 ˚C, 10 minutes and solvent loading of 3.5 w/w was identified as the optimised scheme for production of industrial scale bio-flocculant at the lowest production cost. The estimated selling price of aqueous and dried bio-flocculants for an annual production of 220 tonne/year were 41 and 52 $/kg respectively, and was shown to be lower than food grade bio-flocculants but higher than polyacrylamides. This work has clearly showed that okra bio-flocculant could offer a feasible and sustainable alternative to synthetic flocculants for water treatment and sludge dewatering applications due to its high efficiency in flocculating and dewatering, and can be extracted using only water as a solvent, minimising the environmental footprint of the extraction process.
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Santos, Ivanice Ferreira dos. "Determinação e avaliação quimiométrica da composição mineral de quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) comercializados na cidade de Salvador." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/13087.
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CNPq
O presente trabalho visou a determinação e avaliação quimiométrica dos minerais Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P e Zn em quiabos (Abelmoschus esculentus L) de cultivos convencionais e orgânicos, comercializados na cidade de Salvador, coletados nos períodos de maio de 2011 a abril de 2012. Também foram avaliados os efeitos na composição mineral após processo de cocção em água. A metodologia empregada consistiu na digestão ácida das amostras in natura na mistura HNO3/H2O2 3:1 em bloco digestor, seguida pela determinação dos macro e microelementos por espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado (ICP OES). O procedimento de cocção foi realizado em tubos digestores aquecidos em chapa metálica por 10 min, após ebulição da água. A água de cozimento foi desprezada e o vegetal foi submetido à digestão. A validação do método foi realizada através de material de referência (SRM) folhas de tomate, NIST 1573 a, avaliando-se os coeficientes de variação (em %), os limites de detecção (LD) e quantificação (LQ). A análise exploratória realizada com uso das ferramentas quimiométricas: Análise por Componentes Principais (PCA) e Análise por Agrupamento Hierárquico (HCA), permitiu obter informações relevantes quanto á variação sazonal das amostras e para avaliação do efeito de cozimento nos minerais presentes no quiabo. Pode-se constatar que, os elementos Na, Mg, P, Mn e Cu apresentaram uma baixa variação nos períodos de dezembro de 2011 á abril de 2012. Enquanto Fe e Zn apresentaram maiores concentrações no período de mai/jun 2011 e dez/jan 2012. Ca e K apresentaram maiores concentrações no período de mar/abr 2011. Não foi possível discriminar as amostras quanto ás variações nas formas de cultivo (orgânico ou convencional) e regionais (cidades), pois nenhum agrupamento entre os dados foram observados nas PC’s. Quanto aos efeitos de cozimento, as amostras cruas apresentaram as maiores concentrações para os nove elementos analisados, indicando a perda de nutrientes durante o processo de cocção, lixiviados para a água de cozimento. As reduções médias percentuais após o cozimento variaram de 60 a 23% para os micronutrientes (Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn), e de 63 a 11% para os macronutrientes (Ca, K, Mg, Na, P), sendo o K o elemento que apresentou maior redução
Salvador
13
Bachega, Ligia Pecoriello Saes. "Estudo fitossociológico e interferência das plantas daninhas na nutrição e produtividade do quiabeiro /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96855.
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Resumo: O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de se determinar os períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura do quiabo cv. "Santa Cruz 47" e seus efeitos no acúmulo de macronutrientes da cultura. Os tratamentos consistiram em períodos crescentes de convivência e controle das plantas daninhas: aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91 e 105 dias após a emergência (DAE), totalizando vinte e dois tratamentos, dispostos em blocos casualizados, com três repetições cada. As principais espécies de plantas daninhas responsáveis pela interferência na cultura foram Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica e Nicandra physaloide. A convivência do quiabeiro com as plantas daninhas por todo o ciclo de cultivo reduziu a produtividade da cultura em 95%. O período anterior à interferência foi de 57 DAE, enquanto o período total de prevenção à interferência foi de 14 DAE. Não houve período crítico de prevenção à interferência, sendo que um único controle das plantas daninhas entre 14 e 57 DAE é suficiente para prevenir a interferência na cultura do quiabo. A competição com plantas daninhas reduziu drasticamente o acúmulo de matéria seca pela cultura, assim como o acúmulo de macronutrientesAbstract: The experiment was carried out to determine the critical periods of interference of the weeds on the okra crop cv. "Santa Cruz 47" and the effects on macronutrients uptake. The treatments were weedy and weed-free increased weekly periods: at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 105 days after emergence (DAE), totaling twenty two treatments, arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications. The main weed species responsible for interference in culture were Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica and Nicandra physaloides. Coexistence of okra crop and weeds throughout the season reduced crop yield by 95%. Period before interference was 57 DAE, while total period of interference prevention was 14 DAE. There was no critical period of interference prevention, so that a single weed control between 14 and 57 DAE is sufficient for interference prevention in okra crop. The competition with weeds reduced the dry matter accumulation in culture, as well as the accumulation of nutrients
Orientador: Silvano Bianco
Coorientador: Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho
Banca: Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar Alves
Banca: Sally Ferreira Blat
Mestre
14
SILVA, Daniele Cristina de Oliveira Lima da. "Aspectos cognitivos, metodológicos e diversidade de pragas na cultura do quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) no assentamento irrigado Jacaré-Curituba, Sergipe, Brasil." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4417.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study aimed: a) characterize the knowledge and practices of local management okra pests (Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench)); b) to compare sampling forms of insect fauna in agroecosystems using local knowledge of farmers, and c) characterize the descriptive attributes used in the recognition of insects of agricultural importance in an irrigated settlement in the semi-arid zone of the State of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. The fieldwork for the conventional survey of the entomofauna was held on commercial cultivation area of okra. The site survey of entomological knowledge was carried out with 36 key informants. It analyzed the combined use of techniques "free list" and projective interviews, with the use of two types of visual stimuli: stock photos and entomological box. Through the checklist-interview technique informants were encouraged to identify and provide information on the ecology and the criteria used in the recognition of 10 insect species occurring in the study area, plus a species that did not occur. During the conventional survey of insect fauna were collected 54,936 individuals distributed over 3 orders, 12 families and 15 species, 11 species of phytophagous insects and 4 of predatory insects. The species Bemisia tabaci biotype B, Aphis gossypii, Phenacoccus sp., Icerya purchasi and Lagria vilosa were the main pests found in okra culture. In relation to the assessment of insect pests, the results were coincident for both techniques (conventional sampling and free list). Comparing the interview with visual stimulus (picture) and witness samples (entomological box) revealed that the latter was more effective. The key pests of the crop were the most recognized by the informants and natural enemies the least. Smaller insects were mainly recognized according to ecological aspects (eating habits). Larger insects were recognized from descriptive attributes related to morphology (color, size and shape of the body). This knowledge is higher among the elderly. The information found in the scientific literature on the pattern of vertical distribution of B. tabaci and A. gossypii coincide with the preference indicated by key informants of the research. The results of this study will be used in the construction of a Participative Integrated Management of Okra Pest Program, with potential application in other agricultural ecosystems.
Este trabalho teve como objetivos: a) caracterizar o conhecimento e as práticas locais de manejo de pragas do quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench)); b) comparar formas de amostragem da entomofauna em agroecossistemas utilizando os conhecimentos locais dos agricultores e c) caracterizar os atributos descritivos usados no reconhecimento de insetos de importância agrícola em um assentamento irrigado na zona semiárida do estado de Sergipe, Nordeste do Brasil. A pesquisa de campo para o levantamento convencional da entomofauna foi realizada em área de cultivo comercial de quiabo. O levantamento do conhecimento entomológico local foi conduzido junto a 36 informantes-chave. Analisou-se o uso combinado das técnicas “Lista livre” e entrevistas projetivas, com o uso de dois tipos de estímulos visuais: banco de imagens e caixa entomológica. Através da técnica checklist-entrevista os informantes foram estimulados a identificar e fornecer informações sobre a ecologia e os critérios usados no reconhecimento de 10 espécies de insetos que ocorriam na área de estudo, mais uma espécie que não ocorria. Durante o levantamento convencional da entomofauna foram coletados 54936 indivíduos distribuídos em 3 ordens, 12 famílias e 15 espécies, sendo 11 espécies de insetos fitófagos e 4 de insetos predadores. As espécies Bemisia tabaci biótipo B, Aphis gossypii, Phenacoccus sp., Icerya purchasi e Lagria vilosa foram as principais pragas encontradas na cultura do quiabeiro. Em relação ao levantamento dos insetos-pragas, os resultados foram coincidentes nas duas técnicas (amostragem convencional e lista livre). Comparando a entrevista com estímulo visual (imagens) e espécimes testemunho (caixa entomológica) observou-se que este último foi mais eficaz do que aquele. As pragas chave da cultura foram as mais reconhecidas e os inimigos naturais os menos reconhecidos pelos informantes. Os insetos menores foram reconhecidos principalmente de acordo com aspectos ecológicos (comportamento alimentar) e os insetos maiores de acordo com os atributos descritivos relacionados à morfologia (coloração, tamanho e forma do corpo). Esse conhecimento é maior entre os mais velhos. As informações encontradas na literatura científica sobre o padrão de distribuição vertical de B. tabaci e A. gossypii coincidem com a preferência indicada pelos informantes-chave da pesquisa. Os resultados do presente estudo serão usados na construção de um Programa de Manejo Integrado de Pragas Participativo do quiabo, com potencial de aplicação em outros agroecossistemas.
15
OLIVEIRA, Zorayde Lourenço dfe. "Lixiviado de aterro sanitário tratados com extratos de moringa oleífera Lam isolados e combinados com abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench e biossurfactante." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17124.
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O tratamento do lixiviado representa um grande desafio. Os métodos desenvolvidos para o tratamento de lixiviado são físicos, químicos e biológicos. O presente trabalho avaliou, em laboratório, a eficiência do uso de extratos de sementes de Moringa oleifera Lam, isolados e combinados com Quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) e biossurfactante no tratamento de lixiviado de aterro sanitário, devido suas propriedades coagulantes e a sua capacidade de remoção de metais e bactérias. Foram realizadas as caracterizações físico-químicas das sementes e dos óleos de moringa e do quiabo, de quatro amostras do lixiviado bruto (LB1,2,3,4) e do lixiviado com os coagulantes. Foram comparados os extratos preparados com o óleo (LBOM) da semente e aquoso com casca (LBEMC) e sem casca (LBEMS), Quiabo (LBQ) e biossurfactante (LBB), através dos ensaios Jartest, Cone Inhoff, filtro simplificado e Bioensaios com sementes de Alface - Lactuca sativa L. Avaliou-se a remoção de cor, turbidez, condutividade, coliformes fecais e totais, pH, DQO, DBO5 de lixiviados através de ensaios de coagulação/floculação/sedimentação/filtração em triplicata. O extrato de moringa apresentou em todos os ensaios com a dosagem de (LBEMS) 37,5g/L de maior eficiência no tratamento do lixiviado (LB1,2,3,4), não alterou o pH e apresentou remoção dos parâmetros: cor (84%), turbidez (68%), DQO (41%), DBO5 (55%), Fe (82%), condutividade (50%), reduziu odor e toxidade do lixiviado bruto e removeu Coliformes totais e fecais em 99%. Com a etapa de filtração, o extrato da moringa teve excelentes resultados de remoção para cor, turbidez, condutividade, sólidos, DQO e DBO5. O tratamento (LB3) com biossurfactante (LBB) demostrou eficiência de 99% de remoção de coliformes totais e fecais do (LB3), e os resultados da mistura biossurfactante com extrato de moringa reduziu cor, mas ocorreu aumento para turbidez, DQO e DBO5 em relação ao valor inicial do (LB1). O extrato com óleo da moringa (6 ml) removeu 65% de DBO5 e 99% de coliformes mas não se mostra eficiente na remoção de cor, turbidez, sólidos e condutividade. O tratamento do LB4 com quiabo (LBQ 37,5 g/L) não alterou o pH e obteve remoção para os parâmetros: cor, turbidez, sólidos, condutividade, DQO e DBO5, 72%, 35%, 87%, 20%, 78% e 72%, respectivamente. O emprego em conjunto com quiabo e moringa (LBEMQ 37gL+20gL), obteve-se 22%, 78%, 42%, 46%, 52% e 88% de remoção respectivamente. O LB4 apresentou toxicidade em Alface, pois não ocorreu germinação comparada ao controle negativo, o LB4 tratado com os extratos de moringa, obteve médias de 30 a 35% de germinação de sementes de Alface, tanto na fração extrato de moringa (EXTMO), quanto no lixiviado com adição dos extratos de moringa (LBEMC/LBEMS), indicando que a toxicidade reduz após o processo de coagulação/floculação. Os resultados demostram eficiência dos coagulantes na remoção dos parâmetros avaliados. Indica o uso do coagulante da semente da Moringa (LBEMS 37,5 g/L) sem casca com um tempo de decantação de 120 min no tratamento de lixiviados de aterro sanitário como mais promissor.
The treatment of the leachate is a major challenge. The methods developed for the treatment of leachate are physical, biological and chemical. This study evaluated in the laboratory, the efficiency of the use of Moringa seed extracts oleifera Lam, isolated and combined with Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench and biosurfactant in the treatment of landfill leachate, due to its coagulant properties and their removal capacity metals and bacteria. Physicochemical characterizations of seeds and moringa oil and okra were held, four samples of raw leachate (LB1,2,3,4) and leached with coagulants. The extracts were compared cooked with oil (BOM) seed and aqueous shelled (LBEMC) and shelled (LBEMS), okra (LBQ) and biosurfactant (LBB) through Jartest tests cone Inhoff simplified filter and bioassays Lettuce seeds - Lactuca sativa L. was evaluated the removal color, turbidity, conductivity, total and fecal coliforms, pH, COD, BOD 5 leachate through coagulation assays / flocculation / sedimentation / filtration in triplicate. The moringa extract showed in all tests with dosage (LBEMS) 37,5g / L to greater efficiency in the treatment of the leachate (LB1,2,3,4) did not alter the pH and presented removal of parameters: color (84%), turbidity (68%), COD (41%) BOD5 (55%) Fe (82%) conductivity (50%) reduced odor and toxicity raw leachate and removed total and faecal coliforms in 99%. In the filtration step, the Moringa extract had excellent removal results for color, turbidity, conductivity, solids, COD and BOD5. Treatment (LB3) with biosurfactant (LBB) demonstrated efficiency 99% removal of total and fecal coliforms of (LB3), and the results of biosurfactant mixture with moringa extract reduced color, but it increased for turbidity, COD and BOD 5 in the initial value (LB1). The extract of moringa with oil (6 ml) removed 65% of BOD5 and 99% efficient coliform but not shown in the removal of color, turbidity, and conductivity solids. Treatment of LB4 and okra (LBQ 37.5 g / L) did not alter the pH and removing obtained for the parameters: color, turbidity, solids, conductivity, COD and BOD5, 72%, 35%, 87%, 20%, 78% and 72%, respectively. The use in conjunction with okra and moringa (37gL LBEMQ 20gL +), was obtained 22%, 78%, 42%, 46%, 52% and 88% removal respectively. The LB4 presented toxicity in lettuce because there was no germination compared to the negative control, the LB4 treated with moringa extract, averaged 30-35% lettuce seed germination, both in moringa extract fraction (EXTMO), as adding the leached with extracts of Moringa (LBEMC / LBEMS), indicating that the toxicity decreases after the process of coagulation / flocculation. The results demonstrate efficiency of coagulants in the removal of the evaluated parameters. Indicates the use of the seed of Moringa coagulant (LBEMS 37.5 g / L) peeled with a settling time of 120 min the treatment of landfill leachate as more promising.
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Camciuc, Marius. "Culture de l'espèce Abelmoschus Esculentus (L. ) Moench en France : étude du contenu moléculaire et perspectives." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT019G.
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Abelmoschus esculentus (l. ) moench (okra, gombo) est une plante connue depuis pres de 3000 ans pour ses fruits utilises comme legumes. Du fait des nombreux usages de cette plante, comme entre autres, la possibilite de fabriquer de la pate a papier a partir de la tige, la communaute europeenne a lance un projet qui vise la valorisation des potentialites de cette espece. Ce projet, (air3. Ct93. 1236) intitule: hibiscus esculentus - developpement d'un systeme d'exploitation integre a haute valeur ajoutee, a constitue le cadre de notre travail. Deux essais de culture d'okra ont ete effectues en france, en 1994 a cote de mont de marsan et en 1995 pres de narbonne. Parmi les 5 varietes cultivees dans la premiere annee de culture, les dosages effectues sur les constituants parietaux, les proteines et les analyses d'acides gras nous ont permis d'en selectionner 3: veludo, qui fournit le plus de biomasse, kilkis qui produit le plus de graines et pylea, intermediaire entre les deux. L'huile des graines (15 - 19% dans la graine) pourrait constituer une source importante d'acide palmitique (30%), produit d'importation dans la cee. Elle pourrait constituer aussi une source de phospholipides, avec des teneurs comparables aux sources actuelles comme le soja. Dans les graines nous avons mis en evidence la presence des composes volatils, qui pourraient etre consideres comme une huile essentielle, ressemblant a celle d'ambrette. Le compose majoritaire est le 2-methylbutyl 2-methylbutanoate. Ces composes, liberes par le frottement des graines pourraient servir de repulsif contre les insectes ravageurs comme les especes de spodoptera. A partir des cosses de fruits nous avons extrait des hemicelluloses a et b qui ont montre de remarquables proprietes filmogenes. Les memes cosses peuvent servir pour l'obtention des materiaux thermopresses, avec des proprietes mecaniques intressantes et un caractere hydrophobe remarquable. A partir du fruit et des tiges les mucilages ont ete extraits et etudies. Leurs proprietes rheologiques les indiquent comme des epaississants et stabilisateurs des emulsions. Les deux mucilages ne sont pas irritants (test de draize) et ont une action favorable sur l'irritation induite chez les rats par la tretinoine. L'effet observe est une acceleration du retour de la teinte de la peau a sa valeur initiale.
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Ahmed, Mohamed Mudathir Mohamed. "Studies on the control of insect pests in vegetables (okra, tomato, and onion) in Sudan with special reference to neem preparations." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961140771.
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Singh, Akanksha [Verfasser], Wolfgang W. [Akademischer Betreuer] Weisser, Wolfgang W. [Gutachter] Weisser, and Hanno [Gutachter] Schäfer. "Deciphering multitrophic interactions for aphid control on okra in Cameroon / Akanksha Singh ; Gutachter: Wolfgang W. Weisser, Hanno Schäfer ; Betreuer: Wolfgang W. Weisser." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1186889241/34.
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Souza, Antonia Adailha Torres. "Teste de tetrazólio para avaliação da qualidade de sementes de quiabo." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/121.
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The objective of this work was to study the tetrazolium test efficiency to verify the viability of okra seeds. The first experiment tested whether pre-conditioning and preparation methods. To overcome cutaneous hardness, we evaluated three methods to the best way of preconditioning: sulfuric acid (96%) for 1, 3 and 6 minutes; warm water (60 ° C) for 3, 6 and 10 minutes and ethyl alcohol ( 98%) for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. Four replications of 25 seeds were used, then the seeds were immersed in water at 25 ° C for 18 hours and then exposed to tetrazolium solution (with or without cut) at concentrations of 0.025 to 0.1% for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes in a germination chamber. The seeds were classified in four classes: discolored seed, poor coloring, satisfactory and excessive. The second experiment was carried out based on the results of the previous experiment. For this, four lots of okra seeds were subjected to preconditioning soaking in alcohol for 60 minutes followed by 18 hours of direct immersion in water at 25 ° C. Then, the seeds were cut longitudinally, immersed in 0.025 solutions; 0.050 and 0.075% for 60, 90 and 120 minutes and maintained in a growth chamber at 35 and 40° C. After this period, the seeds were classified with basis on the color (bright red pink or strong red carmine). At the same time, the germination test was installed, and the results were used as reference to the tetrazolium test. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a factorial 3 x 3 + 1, three concentrations of the tetrazolium salt, three periods of immersion and the witness. The average of viable seeds tetrazolium test were compared by Tukey test at 5% significance level. The comparison between the means of the tetrazolium test and the germination test was taken by Dunnett test at 5% significance level. For preconditioning phase, it is recommended soaking seeds in alcohol for 60 minutes followed by 18 hours of immersion in distilled water at 25 ° C. The completion of the facilitated penetration of the cutting tetrazolium solution. For staining, we must use the concentration of 0.025% in 90 minutes time. The tetrazolium test is effective to estimate the viability of okra seeds in tetrazolium solution of 0.075% for 90 minutes
O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a eficiência do teste de tetrazólio para verificar a viabilidade de sementes de quiabo. No primeiro experimento, testaram-se métodos de pré-condicionamento e preparo. Para superar a dureza tegumentar, foram avaliados três métodos visando à melhor forma de pré-condicionamento: ácido sulfúrico (96%) por 1, 3 e 6 minutos; água quente (60 °C) por 3, 6 e 10 minutos e álcool etílico (98%) durante 30, 60 e 90 minutos, utilizando quatro repetições de 25 sementes. Posteriormente, as sementes foram imersas em água a 25 °C por 18 horas e, em seguida, expostas à solução de tetrazólio (com e sem corte) nas concentrações de 0,025 e 1% durante 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos em câmara de germinação. As sementes foram classificadas em quatro classes: sementes descoloridas, coloração fraca, satisfatória e excessiva. O segundo experimento foi realizado com base nos resultados do experimento anterior. Para isso, quatro lotes de sementes de quiabo foram submetidos ao pré-condicionamento de imersão em álcool por 60 minutos seguido de 18 horas de embebição direta em água a 25 ºC. Em seguida, as sementes foram seccionadas longitudinalmente, imersas em soluções de 0,025; 0,050 e 0,075% por 60, 90 e 120 minutos e mantidas em câmara de germinação, a 35 e 40 °C. Após esse período, as sementes foram classificadas com base na coloração (vermelho brilhante rosa ou vermelho carmim forte). Paralelamente, foi instalado o teste de germinação, cujos resultados foram empregados como referência para o teste de tetrazólio. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualisado, em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 + 1, sendo três concentrações do sal de tetrazólio, três períodos de imersão e a testemunha. As médias de sementes viáveis do teste de tetrazólio foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de significância. Já a comparação entre as médias do teste de tetrazólio e o teste de germinação foi feita pelo teste de Dunnett a 5% de significância. Para a fase de pré-condicionamento, recomenda-se a imersão das sementes em álcool por 60 minutos, seguida de 18 horas de embebição em água destilada a 25 ºC. A realização do corte facilitou a penetração da solução de tetrazólio. O teste de tetrazólio é eficiente para estimar a viabilidade em sementes de quiabo, na concentração de 0,075% sob temperatura de 35°C por 90 minutos
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Vikas, Vishaw [Verfasser]. "The Impact of Organic Manures on the Soil Quality. A study on Organic Nutrition in Crop Rotation of Okra-Dhaincha-Broccoli / Vishaw Vikas." München : GRIN Verlag, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1207000302/34.
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Morzog, Elhadi [Verfasser]. "Management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) with botanical extract (Balanites aegyptiaca) and endophytic entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum (6c1) reared on okra plant / Elhadi Morzog." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:7-21.11130/00-1735-0000-0008-5913-F-8.
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Bachega, Ligia Pecoriello Saes [UNESP]. "Estudo fitossociológico e interferência das plantas daninhas na nutrição e produtividade do quiabeiro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96855.
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O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de se determinar os períodos de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura do quiabo cv. “Santa Cruz 47” e seus efeitos no acúmulo de macronutrientes da cultura. Os tratamentos consistiram em períodos crescentes de convivência e controle das plantas daninhas: aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91 e 105 dias após a emergência (DAE), totalizando vinte e dois tratamentos, dispostos em blocos casualizados, com três repetições cada. As principais espécies de plantas daninhas responsáveis pela interferência na cultura foram Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica e Nicandra physaloide. A convivência do quiabeiro com as plantas daninhas por todo o ciclo de cultivo reduziu a produtividade da cultura em 95%. O período anterior à interferência foi de 57 DAE, enquanto o período total de prevenção à interferência foi de 14 DAE. Não houve período crítico de prevenção à interferência, sendo que um único controle das plantas daninhas entre 14 e 57 DAE é suficiente para prevenir a interferência na cultura do quiabo. A competição com plantas daninhas reduziu drasticamente o acúmulo de matéria seca pela cultura, assim como o acúmulo de macronutrientes
The experiment was carried out to determine the critical periods of interference of the weeds on the okra crop cv. “Santa Cruz 47” and the effects on macronutrients uptake. The treatments were weedy and weed-free increased weekly periods: at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 105 days after emergence (DAE), totaling twenty two treatments, arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications. The main weed species responsible for interference in culture were Portulaca oleracea, Eleusine indica and Nicandra physaloides. Coexistence of okra crop and weeds throughout the season reduced crop yield by 95%. Period before interference was 57 DAE, while total period of interference prevention was 14 DAE. There was no critical period of interference prevention, so that a single weed control between 14 and 57 DAE is sufficient for interference prevention in okra crop. The competition with weeds reduced the dry matter accumulation in culture, as well as the accumulation of nutrients
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LISBOA, Verilânea Neyonara Faustino. "Compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante do quiabo (Abelmoschus Esculentus (L) Moech) em pó obtido em secador de leito fixo." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2017. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1994.
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O quiabo é um vegetal presente o ano inteiro sendo bastante consumido em diversas partes do mundo. Contudo apresenta tempo de prateleira curto gerando perdas pós-colheita. Assim a secagem constitui uma alternativa para minimizar o desperdício. Dentro dessa linha o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito da secagem em temperaturas distintas sobre o teor de compostos fenólicos, atividade antioxidante e características físico-químicas do quiabo. Foi usado o secador de leito fixo com as temperaturas de 43ºC e 65ºC e uma velocidade do ar de 0,85 m/s. Todas as análises feitas no quiabo in natura foram realizadas no quiabo desidratado. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que houve uma concentração de todos os nutrientes avaliados após o processo de secagem. A aplicação de modelos empíricos resultou que o modelo de Page foi o mais adequado (R2=99,95%, SSE= 0,002 e RMSE= 0,0007) para a temperatura de 43ºC e para a temperatura de 65ºC o modelo Logarítmico forneceu melhor ajuste (R2=99,6%, SSE=0,008 e RMSE=0,020). A aplicação do modelo fenomenológico forneceu um valor de Deff = 9,16x10-8 m2/s (R2=98,5%) para a temperatura de 43ºC e um Deff = 2,16x10-7 m2/s (R2=98,2%) para 65ºC.
The okra is a vegetable present the whole year being quite consumed in several parts of the world. However, it presents short shelf life generating post-harvest losses. Thus drying is an alternative to minimize waste. Within this line the objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of drying at different temperatures on the content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and physical and chemical characteristics of okra. The fixed bed drier was used with temperatures of 43ºC and 65°C and an air velocity of 0.85 m/s. All the analyzes made on okra in natura were carried out on dehydrated okra. The results showed that there was a concentration of all nutrients evaluated after the drying process. The application of empirical models showed that the Page model was the most adequate (R2 = 99.95%, SSE = 0.002 and RMSE = 0.0007) for the temperature of 43 ° C and for the temperature of 65 ° C the logarithmic model provided the best fit (R2 = 99.6%, SSE = 0.008 and RMSE = 0.020). The application of the phenomenological model yielded a Deff = 9.16x10-8 m2 / s (R2 = 98.5%) for the temperature of 43ºC and a Deff = 2,16x10-7 m2 / s (R2 = 98.2 %) to 65 ° C.
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Leke, Walter N., Djana B. Mignouna, Judith K. Brown, and Anders Kvarnheden. "Begomovirus disease complex: emerging threat to vegetable production systems of West and Central Africa." BioMed Central, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610266.
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Vegetables play a major role in the livelihoods of the rural poor in Africa. Among major constraints to vegetable production worldwide are diseases caused by a group of viruses belonging to the genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae. Begomoviruses are plant-infecting viruses, which are transmitted by the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci and have been known to cause extreme yield reduction in a number of economically important vegetables around the world. Several begomoviruses have been detected infecting vegetable crops in West and Central Africa (WCA). Small single stranded circular molecules, alphasatellites and betasatellites, which are about half the size of their helper begomovirus genome, have also been detected in plants infected by begomoviruses. In WCA, B. tabaci has been associated with suspected begomovirus infections in many vegetable crops and weed species. Sequencing of viral genomes from crops such as okra resulted in the identification of two previously known begomovirus species (Cotton leaf curl Gezira virus and Okra yellow crinkle virus) as well as a new recombinant begomovirus species (Okra leaf curl Cameroon virus), a betasatellite (Cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite) and new alphasatellites. Tomato and pepper plants with leaf curling were shown to contain isolates of new begomoviruses, collectively referred to as West African tomato-infecting begomoviruses (WATIBs), new alphasatellites and betasatellites. To study the potential of weeds serving as begomovirus reservoirs, begomoviruses and satellites in the weed Ageratum conyzoides were characterized. Sequence analyses showed that they were infected by isolates of a new begomovirus (Ageratum leaf curl Cameroon virus) that belong to the WATIBs group, a new betasatellite (Ageratum leaf curl Cameroon betasatellite), an alphasatellite and two types of defective recombinants between a begomovirus and an alphasatellite. Putative recombinations were detected in begomovirus genomes for all four plant species studied, indicating that recombination is an important mechanism for their evolution. A close relationship between the begomoviruses infecting pepper and tomato and A. conyzoides and the detection of the same alphasatellite in them support the idea that weeds are important reservoirs for begomoviruses and their satellites. With this high diversity, recombination potential and transmission by B. tabaci, begomoviruses and ssDNA satellites pose a serious threat to crop production in West and Central Africa.
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Kučera, Ondřej. "Obytný soubor Brno Holásky, lokalita V Aleji." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225837.
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Oliva, Késsien Regina Sander. "Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal da dieta enriquecida com Hibiscus esculentus L. no modelo de inflamação intestinal induzida por TNBS em ratos." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153476.
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Orientador: Luiz Claudio Di StasiResumo: A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal engloba duas principais doenças sendo elas a Doença de Crohn e a Retocolite Ulcerativa onde ambas se caracterizam por uma inflamação crônica do intestino, com períodos de exacerbação seguidos de intervalos prologados com remissão dos sintomas. Sua etiologia é considerada multifatorial e ainda pouco elucidada. Considerando-se que não existe cura, que os fármacos utilizados são de alto custo, além de apresentarem sérios efeitos colaterais e ainda muitos pacientes não responderem a esses tratamentos disponíveis, a busca por estratégias complementares de prevenção e tratamento dessa doença que combinem eficácia e segurança, como o uso de alimentos funcionais, compostos antioxidantes e compostos bioativos se apresentam como uma perspectiva promissora. Com base nisso, a espécie vegetal Hibiscus esculentus L. conhecida popularmente como quiabo, foi selecionada para o presente estudo com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal das dietas enriquecidas com o fruto no modelo experimental da inflamação intestinal induzida por ácido trinitrobenzenosulfônico em ratos. Para tanto, a farinha dos frutos foi incorporada na dieta de ratos Wistar machos nas concentrações de 5% e de 10% por 28 dias antes e 7 dias após a indução do processo inflamatório intestinal. Os animais foram mortos no 35º dia e seus cólons foram extraídos. Para a caracterização da atividade anti-inflamatória intestinal foram analisados parâmetros macroscópicos (escore,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Inflammatory Bowel Disease comprises two major diseases, Crohn´s disease and ulcerative colitis where both are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestine, with periods of exacerbation followed by prolonged intervals with remission of symptoms. This disease is multifactorial with complex and not fully elucidated etiology. Considering that there is no cure and the drugs may cause serious side effects, and many patients do not respond to the available treatments, researches focused on the development of new treatment strategies are important. The pursuit of complementary strategy of prevention and treatment of disease that combine effectiveness and safety, such as the use of functional foods, antioxidant compounds and bioactive compounds if known as a promising perspective. Based on this, a vegetable species Hibiscus esculentus L., populary known as okra, was selected for this study with the objective to evaluate the activity of enriched diet in the experimental model of intestinal inflammation induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid in rats. For this, a fruit flour was incorporated in the diet of male Wistar rats in concentrations of 5% and 10% for 28 days before and 7 days after of induction of intestinal inflammation by TNBS. The animals were killed on the 35th day and their colons were removed. For the characterization of the intestinal antiinflammatory activity, were performed macroscopic studies (score, lesion length, weight ratio length of the colon, occurrenc... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Okrah, Matthew Bediako [Verfasser], Gebhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Wulfhorst, Rolf [Gutachter] Moeckel, and Markus [Gutachter] Friedrich. "Handling Non-Motorized Trips in Macroscopic Travel Demand Models : Calculating Intrazonal Impedances and Identifying an Appropriate Level of Spatial Resolution / Matthew Bediako Okrah ; Gutachter: Rolf Moeckel, Markus Friedrich, Gebhard Wulfhorst ; Betreuer: Gebhard Wulfhorst." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1126115819/34.
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AGUIAR, Frederick Mendes. "Resistência de acessos de quiabeiro à murcha-de-fusário." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6562.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
Okra is a vegetable crop with high nutritional value, being a rich source of vitamins and mineral salts. Fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum – FOV) is one of the major field diseases of okra in tropical areas. In the present work, 53 okra accessions and the commercial cultivar Santa Cruz 47 were evaluated aiming to identify sources of resistance to Brazilian FOV isolates and to study the resistance stability of the selected accessions to different pathogen isolates. An initial screening was carried out with only one FOV isolate (Fus-194). In the second assay, thirty-three accessions identified in the first screening were re-evaluated in two assays (in two different seasons) using two FOV isolates (Fus-194 and Fus-201). The resistance evaluation was carried out with 21 day-old plantlets, using the root-dipping inoculation procedure, utilizing a spore suspension of 1x106 conidia/mL. The evaluation was done using a disease severity grade system with grades ranging from 0 to 4. These grades were used to generate a disease index that was employed for clustering the accessions according to their reaction to FOV. In the evaluation carried out in August (average temperature of 19,8°C) only 12 out the 32 accessions (i.e. 37%) were rated as having high to intermediate resistant response to Fus-194 isolate. Only 28% of the accessions were classified within the high to intermediate resistance cluster when using the Fus-201 isolate. In the assay carried out in October (higher temperatures) 72% of the accessions were classified as resistant and intermediate resistant to Fus-194 isolate, whereas 32% were resistant to isolate Fus-201. Our results indicated that the Fus-201 isolate was more aggressive than Fus-194. Comparative analysis of the assays indicated that the overall aggressiveness of the isolates was higher in August than in October assay. The accessions BR-2399 and BR-1449 as well as the commercial cultivar Santa Cruz 47 were the most promising accessions displaying higher levels of stable resistance against the two Brazilian FOV isolates.Okra is a vegetable crop with high nutritional value, being a rich source of vitamins and mineral salts. Fusarium wilt (caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum – FOV) is one of the major field diseases of okra in tropical areas. In the present work, 53 okra accessions and the commercial cultivar Santa Cruz 47 were evaluated aiming to identify sources of resistance to Brazilian FOV isolates and to study the resistance stability of the selected accessions to different pathogen isolates. An initial screening was carried out with only one FOV isolate (Fus-194). In the second assay, thirty-three accessions identified in the first screening were re-evaluated in two assays (in two different seasons) using two FOV isolates (Fus-194 and Fus-201). The resistance evaluation was carried out with 21 day-old plantlets, using the root-dipping inoculation procedure, utilizing a spore suspension of 1x106 conidia/mL. The evaluation was done using a disease severity grade system with grades ranging from 0 to 4. These grades were used to generate a disease index that was employed for clustering the accessions according to their reaction to FOV. In the evaluation carried out in August (average temperature of 19,8°C) only 12 out the 32 accessions (i.e. 37%) were rated as having high to intermediate resistant response to Fus-194 isolate. Only 28% of the accessions were classified within the high to intermediate resistance cluster when using the Fus-201 isolate. In the assay carried out in October (higher temperatures) 72% of the accessions were classified as resistant and intermediate resistant to Fus-194 isolate, whereas 32% were resistant to isolate Fus-201. Our results indicated that the Fus-201 isolate was more aggressive than Fus-194. Comparative analysis of the assays indicated that the overall aggressiveness of the isolates was higher in August than in October assay. The accessions BR-2399 and BR-1449 as well as the commercial cultivar Santa Cruz 47 were the most promising accessions displaying higher levels of stable resistance against the two Brazilian FOV isolates.
O quiabo é uma hortaliça de alto valor alimentício e uma importante fonte de vitaminas e sais minerais. Dentre os problemas fitossanitários que ocorrem no quiabeiro, a murcha-de-fusário, causada pelo fungo Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) é uma das mais importantes por proporcionar grandes perdas na produção. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar, em condições de casa de vegetação, a cultivar comercial Santa Cruz 47 e uma coleção de 53 acessos de quiabeiro, visando identificar fontes de resistência a FOV e analisar a estabilidade da resistência de acessos promissores a diferentes isolados do patógeno. Inicialmente foi conduzida uma triagem utilizando um único isolado de FOV (Fus-194). Em uma segunda etapa, trinta e dois acessos obtidos na primeira etapa, foram reavaliados para resistência ao FOV utilizando dois isolados (Fus-194 e Fus-201), em duas épocas do ano. A inoculação foi realizada em mudas com 21 dias após semeadura, pela imersão das raízes em suspensão de conídios (1x106 conídios/mL) do patógeno. A avaliação da severidade da doença foi realizada usando uma escala de notas, variando de 0 a 4. As notas foram transformadas em índice de doença (ID) e agrupadas em classes de acordo com a reação da doença. Na segunda etapa do trabalho realizado no mês de agosto de 2010 (temperatura média de 19,8°C), dos 32 acessos avaliados, 12 (37%) foram considerados altamente resistentes a medianamente resistentes ao Fus-194. Para o isolado Fus-201 apenas 28% foram classificados dentro dessas duas classes. No ensaio realizado no mês de outubro (temperatura média de 25°C) referente à segunda etapa desse trabalho, 72% dos acessos foram considerados medianamente a altamente resistentes ao Fus-194. Neste ensaio, 32% dos acessos foram resistentes ao isolado Fus-201. Os resultados demonstraram uma maior agressividade do isolado Fus-201 em relação ao isolado Fus-194. Os níveis de agressividade dos isolados testados foram maiores no ensaio realizado no mês de agosto do que em outubro. Os acessos BR-2399, BR-1449 e a cultivar Santa Cruz 47 apresentaram resistência estável aos dois isolados do patógeno tanto na etapa preliminar, quanto nas duas épocas de avaliação da segunda etapa do trabalho.
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Carvalho, Maria Lucia Braga de. "Avaliação da estabilidade termo-oxidativa do óleo das sementes de quiabo (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7051.
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Previous issue date: 2011-11-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The evaluation of thermo-oxidative stability is an essential factor for application an of oil in the food industry. In addition, the increase consumption of vegetable oils requires the evaluation of alternative oil sources as feedstock for biodiesel production. This research investigated the thermo-oxidative stability of okra seeds oil (with and without antioxidant) submitted to the Schaal test at 60 °C for 10 days. The oxidation process was evaluated by chemical parameters acidity value (AV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), extinction value (E) for conjugated dienes, oxidation temperature (OT), induction period (IP) and oxidative induction time (OIT). The results showed that AV and IV values for oil samples with (OQT) and without (OQ) the antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) do not changed after aging in oven. However, OQT samples showed lower PV value, higher IP and OIT values than OQ samples hence high oxidative stability. IP and OIT value for OQT samples remained constant as function of time under heating in oven. Differently OQ samples presented decreasing IP and OIT values and increasing IP value. Regarding to E value it remained constant for OQT samples and increased around 35 % for OQ samples. The increased value of E is an indication that there was formation of conjugated dienes in samples without antioxidant. These data demonstrated the importance of adding antioxidants to protect oil from oxidative degradation. Another parameter used for the purpose of evaluate the oxidative stability of oil has been monitoring the absorption bands in the infrared region, characteristic of oxidation products. Evaluation of infrared spectra of the OQ samples do not show changes in intensity or shifting in the bands that are altered with the decomposition of hydroperoxides formed in heating test. Through thermogravimetric analysis it was determined that the onset temperature decomposition (Tonset) okra oil was higher than for olive, sunflower, canola, soybeans and corn oils. This parameter shows more stability to the okra oil and it was attributed to the fatty acid composition of this oil. Fatty acid composition indicated predominance of linoleic acid (33.5 %) followed by palmitic acid (25.2 %) and oleic acid (19.3 %). It was found that content of linoleic acid, an acid more susceptible to oxidation, is lower when compared with soybean, sunflower and corn oils. It also gives a value of saturated fatty acids (33.4 %) higher than these edibles oils. The results obtained in this study showed that okra seeds oil has good thermal and oxidative stability, and an indication of its use as edible oil and potential source of feedstock for biodiesel.
A crescente demanda por óleos vegetais criou a necessidade de se avaliar fontes oleaginosas alternativas para suprir esta procura. Como a oxidação é um fator crítico inerente aos óleos vegetais, este trabalho visou contribuir com dados de estabilidade térmica e oxidativa do óleo de quiabo, ainda não explorado comercialmente. Esta pesquisa investigou a estabilidade termooxidativa de amostras do óleo das sementes de quiabo, aditivadas ou não com o antioxidante terc-butil-hidroquinona (TBHQ), submetidas ao teste de Schaal a 60 oC por 10 dias. O processo oxidativo foi avaliado pelos parâmetros químicos índice de acidez (IA), índice de iodo (II), índice de peróxido (IP), absortividade específica (E), período de indução (PI), tempo de indução oxidativa (OIT) e temperatura de oxidação (OT). Os resultados mostraram que o valor de IA e II para amostras de óleo com e sem TBHQ, codificadas respectivamente OQT e OQ, não sofreu alteração após envelhecimento em estufa. No entanto, as amostras OQT apresentaram menor valor de IP e maior valor de PI e OIT do que as amostras OQ, mostrando maior estabilidade oxidativa. O valor de PI e OIT das amostras OQT se manteve constante em função do tempo sob aquecimento em estufa, diferentemente das amostras OQ, que apresentaram valor de PI e OIT decrescente e IP crescente. Com relação ao valor de E, este se manteve constante para as amostras OQT e aumentou em torno de 35 % para as amostras OQ. O aumento do valor de E foi um indicativo que houve a formação de dienos conjugados nas amostras sem antioxidante. Outro parâmetro utilizado na avaliação da estabilidade oxidativa do óleo de quiabo foi o monitoramento de bandas de absorção na região do infravermelho (IV), características de produtos da oxidação. Nos espectros de IV das amostras OQ e OQT não foram observadas mudanças na intensidade ou deslocamento nas bandas que podem sofrer modificações com a decomposição dos hidroperóxidos formados durante o teste de estufa. A temperatura onset de decomposição (Tonset) do óleo das sementes de quiabo, determinada por análise termogravimétrica, foi maior que para os óleos de girassol, soja e milho. Este parâmetro demonstrou maior estabilidade para o óleo de quiabo, fato atribuído à composição de ácidos graxos deste óleo. A composição em ácidos graxos, determinada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada ao espectrômetro de massa, indicou predominância do ácido linoléico (33,5 %), seguido do ácido palmítico (25,2 %) e ácido oléico (19,3%). O teor de ácido linoléico, um dos ácidos mais susceptíveis à oxidação, foi menor quando comparado com os óleos de soja, girassol e milho e o teor de ácidos graxos saturados (33,4 %) foi maior que para estes óleos comestíveis. O conjunto de resultados obtidos mostrou que o óleo das sementes de quiabo apresentou boa estabilidade térmica e oxidativa, sendo um indicativo de seu uso como óleo comestível e possível fonte de matéria-prima para biodiesel.
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Silva, Vera Sônia Nunes da. "Estudo dos efeitos nutricionais da farinha de polpa e mucilagem extraida do quiabo (Hibiscus esculentus L.)." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254490.
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Orientador: Jaime Amaya-FarfanTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: As fibras alimentares são entendidas como carboidratos ou substâncias poliméricas afins em alimentos que não sendo digeridas nem absorvidas no intestino superior, possuem vários efeitos fisiológicos e bioquímicos no intestino baixo e no restante do organismo, incluindo a modulação da população microbiótica, alterações na dinâmica dos fluídos fisiológicos, produção de diversos tipos de nutrientes, caracterizando-se como componente essencial da alimentação. A primeira fase deste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar in vitro o efeito bifidogênico da mucilagem extraída da farinha da polpa do quiabo (Hibiscus esculentus, L.), como controle do crescimento de Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, foi utilizado o meio de cultura MRS (Man, Rogosa, Sharpe), e para a cultura de Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, o MRS enriquecido com L-cisteína denominado MRS modificado (MRSm). A segunda fase consistiu de um estudo comparativo dos efeitos ocorridos em ratos da linhagem Wistar, recém-desmamados (RD) com os que consumiam dietas AIN-93G, tendo como fontes de fibras: celulose (CC), inulina (CI) e a polpa de quiabo liofilizada (EQ). Nesse ensaio biológico foi avaliado o impacto da fibra na ingestão alimentar, trânsito intestinal, excreta fecal e morfologia intestinal, assim como os conteúdos: estomacal, cecal, colônico e do intestino delgado. Foram determinadas também as concentrações dos ácidos biliares fecais, a produção de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC) e lactato no ceco e cólon. Adicionalmente foi estudado o impacto que esta fibra poderia exercer sobre o metabolismo da glicose em ratos diabéticos. Os resultados do ensaio in vitro, mostraram que a mucilagem na concentração de 1,0%, promoveu aumento expressivo do número de células, de 17,57% para Lactobacillus acidophilus, e de 70% para Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, em relação ao controle de crescimento MRS e MRSm, respectivamente. As análises microbiológicas aos 28 dias de alimentação demonstraram que a população de lactobacilos do grupo EQ foi superior em 0,680 log ufc/g de fezes, em relação ao RD. E aos 14 dias a população de bifidobactérias no grupo EQ foi superior em 0,382 log ufc/g de fezes, em relação ao CIA soma dos níveis de acetato, lactato, propionato e butirato colônico foram superiores para o grupo EQ quando comparados aos grupos CC e CI, indicando efeito positivo na produção destes ácidos orgânicos pela fibra do quiabo. A morfologia intestinal mostrou ser independente do tipo de fibra utilizado na dieta. Os níveis de ácidos biliares secundários foram excretados em maiores quantidades pelo grupo EQ, estes resultados associados ao menor tempo de trânsito intestinal resultaram em menor tempo de permanência destes metabólitos toxicogênicos no lúmem. No ensaio de indução de diabetes pela estreptozotocina, em ratos diabéticos alimentados com polpa de quiabo (EQD) a taxa de insulina foi superior aos ratos diabéticos alimentados com inulina (CID) e celulose (CCD). As reservas de gorduras epididimárias do grupo EQD foram menores em relação aos CCD e CID (P<0,05), sendo que o fator positivo para o grupo EQD foi ter apresentado menor perda de peso corporal, menor consumo de água e menor excreção urinária. Diante destes resultados, foi possível verificar um efeito global positivo associado ao consumo da fibra de quiabo pelo rato, sugerindo que o consumo do quiabo como parte integral da dieta poderá proporcionar efeitos fisiológicos benéficos ao individuo
Abstract: Dietary fiber is understood as any polymer normally occurring in foods, generally of carbohydrate nature, that is not digested and absorbed in the upper digestive tract and that is responsible for various physiological and biochemical effects in the lower gastrointestinal tract and the rest of the body, including alteration of the distribution of the bowel microbiota, improvement of physiological fluid dynamics, the production of some micronutrients, and which can be considered as essential components the human diet. This work consists of two sections. The first section consisted of an in vitro study of the bifidogenic effects of the mucilage extracted from okra (Hibiscus esculentus, L.). The second section was an in vivo study with Wistar rats just weaned, as initial group (IG), compared with fed with standard (AIN-93G) diets, formulated utilizing as source of dietary fiber: cellulose control (group CC), inulin control (IC) and okra experimental (OE), estimating such parameters as feed uptake, fecal output, transit time, GI tissue mass, and the stomach, cecal, fecal and small intestine contents. Additionally the impact of the fiber on the concentration of bile acids, gut morphology, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and lactate production in cecum and colon and the fiber effect on the metabolism in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were also studied. The results of the in vitro assay showed that mucilage concentration by 1% mucilage resulted in a substantial rise in cell counts, 17.57% Lactobacillus acidophilus and 70% Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, when compared to the MRS and MRSm medium, respectively. Microbiological analyses of the assay showed that the lactobacillus in the experimental OE group on the 28th day was over 0.680 log cfu/g of feces larger when compared to the IG. On the 14th day, the levels of bifidobacteria in the group OE were higher by 0.382 log ufc/g of feces than in the IC group. The results suggested there was a selective stimulation of the lactobacillus and bifidobacteria populations in the OE group. Meanwhile, the OE diet elicited higher levels of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and lactate in cecum and colon as opposed to the IC and CC groups, showing that the okra fiber stimulates intestinal organic acid production. The intestinal morphology showed independent of the type of fiber. The amounts of secondary bile acids (lithocholic and deoxicholic) were excreted more by OE group. This results associated the lesser transit time, results time lesser this toxigenic metabolic at lumen. With regard to the induction of diabetes by streptozotocin, diabetic rats feeding with okra (OED) the serum insulin was biggest when compared than diabetic rats feeding inulin (ICD) and cellulose (CCD). These results confirm that in the diabetics rats of OED the insulin production was bigger, maybe the fiber of okra had protector effects in these animals. The epididymal fats and kidney was smaller than CCD and ICD, although the OED showed the lowest body weight loss. These results showed that the okra mucilage was beneficial to the rat when introduced in the diet, suggesting that this fiber may exhibit similar effects in human beings
Doutorado
Nutrição Experimental e Aplicada à Tecnologia de Alimentos
Doutor em Alimentos e Nutrição
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Caletka, Petr. "Posouzení funkčnosti různých modifikací větrací vyústky pro kabinu osobního vozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254454.
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This master thesis deals with determination of boundaries of the flow from a benchmark automotive vent (right-front situated – in front of a front passenger) using the smoke visualization. In this thesis is tested a pack of eight different constructional variants which differ among them by the type of deflection grille. The angles of the flow borders are compared to specific directional requirements (defined by ŠKODA AUTO a.s.) and there is evaluated a directability of each of the constructional variant on the bases of these results. The results of experiments show that better directability in vertical plane achieve deflection grilles with horizontal vanes situated closer to orifice of the vent or deflection grilles with higher number of horizontal vanes and lower number of vertical vanes (independently of their location). Directability of the deflection grilles in horizontal plane is analogically better with vertical vanes situated closer to orifice of the vent or with deflection grilles with higher number of vertical vanes and lower number of horizontal vanes (independently of their location).
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Nascimento, Edilza Silva do. "Obtenção de hidrolisado proteico de sementes de quiabo Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench e sua capacidade antioxidante." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/7907.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated through reactions physiologically normal in the human organism during the respiratory process and perform various functions such as signage and providing defense against infections. However, in excessive amounts the ROS cause cellular damage and are involved in the initiation or progression of degenerative chronic diseases. In contrast, the antioxidant agents play a vital role for reduce the processes oxidative in the organism. Among them are hydrolyzed peptides from protein sources and, that demonstrate antioxidant activity. However, it is necessary the hydrolytic process for release of small fragments of amino peptide with the capacity to reduce the ROS. However, the conditions of hydrolysis employed such as type of enzyme, enzyme concentration, pH, time and temperature can influence the formation of peptides with antioxidant properties. Thus, this study aimed to obtain hydrolyzed from okra seed proteins using Alcalase® hydrolytic enzyme in different conditions and evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the hydrolysates produced. Using a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD), was evaluated the influence of independent variables: enzyme concentration (EC) and hydrolysis time (T), on the dependent variables: degree of hydrolysis (DH), protein recovery efficiency (PRE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and scavenging of radicals radicais 2.2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) e 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrilidrazil (DPPH). The results showed that the increase in EC and T influenced positively on DH and TAC and only increased T influenced on the PRE, the ability of eliminating radical ABTS and DPPH were not influenced by the independent variables. It was verified that the increased TAC is directly into proportional to the increase in DH. The electrophoretic profile revealed that okra seed protein concentrate (OSPC), presents protein bands with relative masses above 38 kDa and less than 8.5 kDa. It was also found, the efficiency of the process of hydrolysis by Alcalase®, evidenced by the disappearance of most of the protein bands and the appearance of peptides of molecular mass < 3.5 kDa in hydrolysates with a higher DH. The OSPC showed lower TAC and ability of the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenger in comparison to the hydrolysates obtained. The best operating conditions of the independent variables (EC and T) obtained in the optimization study, using the methodology CCRD was possible to obtain a hydrolyzate considered optimal, the enzyme concentration was 2% and time of hydrolysis of 300 min, in this condition the hydrolyzed resulted in increased DH (19.32%), TAC (51.54%) and significant results for DPPH (52.60%) and ABTS (73.04%). The hydrolyzed great presented a considerable content of amino acids with ability to donate protons and electrons, especially acids (32.90 g/100 g of protein), hydrophobic (38.58 g/100 g of protein) and aromatic (9.43 g/100 g of protein). The results show that the protein hydrolyzate of okra seed emerges as a promising bioactive compound, with antioxid capacity. However, other studies are needed to assess the effects that the hydrolysate can produce in vivo, in order to verify the effectiveness of antioxidant activity in the human organism.
As espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) são geradas através de reações fisiologicamente normais no organismo humano durante o processo respiratório e exercem diversas funções como sinalização e fornecimento de defesa contra infecções. No entanto, em quantidades excessivas as EROs causam dano celular e estão envolvidas na iniciação ou progresso de doenças crônicas degenerativas. Em contrapartida, os agentes antioxidantes desempenham um papel vital para reduzir os processos oxidativos no organismo. Dentre os quais destacam-se hidrolisados e peptídeos oriundos de fontes proteícas, que demonstram atividade antioxidante. Porém, se faz necessário o processo hidrolítico para que ocorra a liberação dos pequenos fragmentos de peptídeos com capacidade em reduzir as EROs. Todavia, as condições de hidrólise empregadas tais como tipo de enzima, concentração enzimática, pH, tempo e temperatura podem influenciar a formação de peptídeos com propriedades antioxidantes. Desta forma, esse estudo objetivou obter hidrolisado a partir das proteínas de sementes de quiabo com uso da enzima Alcalase® em diferentes condições hidrolíticas e avaliar a capacidade antioxidante dos hidrolisados produzidos. Utilizando um delineamento composto central rotacional (DCCR), foi avaliada a influência das variáveis independentes: concentração enzimática (CE) e tempo de hidrólise (T), sobre as variáveis dependentes: grau de hidrólise (GH), rendimento da recuperação de proteínas (RRP), capacidade antioxidante total (TAC) e sequestro dos radicais 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) e 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilidrazil (DPPH). Os resultados mostraram que o aumento da CE e T influenciaram positivamente sobre o GH e TAC e apenas o aumento do T influenciou no RRP, a capacidade de eliminação dos radicais ABTS e DPPH não foram influenciadas pelas variáveis independentes. Foi verificado que o aumento da TAC é diretamente proporcional ao aumento do GH. O perfil eletroforético revelou que o concentrado proteico de sementes de quiabo (CPSQ) apresenta bandas proteícas com massas relativas acima de 38 kDa e menor que 8,5 kDa. Foi constatado ainda a eficiência do processo de hidrólise pela Alcalase®, através do desaparecimento da maioria das bandas proteicas e aparecimento de peptídeos de massa molecular < 3,5 kDa nos hidrolisados com maior GH. O CPSQ apresentou menor TAC e capacidade sequestrante dos radicais ABTS e DPPH em comparação aos hidrolisados obtidos. Operando-se as melhores condições das variáveis independentes (CE e T) obtidas no estudo de otimização, a partir da metodologia do DCCR foi possível obter um hidrolisado considerado ótimo, cuja concentração enzimática foi de 2% e tempo de hidrólise de 300 min, nesta condição o hidrolisado resultou em maior GH (19,32%), TAC (51,54%) e resultados expressivos para DPPH (52,60%) e ABTS (73,04%). O hidrolisado ótimo apresentou um teor considerável de aminoácidos com capacidade em doar prótons e elétrons, destacando-se os ácidos (32,90 g/100g de proteína), hidrofóbicos (38,58 g/100g de proteína) e aromáticos (9,43 g/ 100g de proteína). Os resultados evidenciam que o hidrolisado proteico de sementes de quiabo surge como um composto bioativo promissor, com capacidade antioxidante. No entanto, outros estudos são necessários para avaliar os efeitos que o hidrolisado pode produzir in vivo, no intuito de constatar a efetividade da atividade antioxidante no organismo humano.
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Souza, Arilson de Jesus França. "Doses de fósforo no teor crítico de p foliar e na produtividade do quiabeiro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/152765.
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Outra
O quiabeiro é uma malvácea de grande importância econômica e social para o Estado do Maranhão; porém, há carência de informação para recomendação de corretivos e fertilizantes para a cultura no Estado, baseando-se em recomendações de outros Estados. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de doses de P no crescimento e produtividade do quiabeiro e obter o teor crítico do nutriente. O experimento foi realizado de 15-02 a 09-05-2017, em campo, em São Luís, MA. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, os tratamentos corresponderam às doses de fósforo (0, 80, 160, 240 e 320 kg ha-1 de P2O5), com quatro repetições. A adubação fosfatada aumentou a precocidade do florescimento, incrementou a altura da planta e a massa seca da folha e do caule. Comprimento e número de frutos ajustaram-se à equação quadrática, assim como a produtividade de frutos, que foi máxima com 200 kg ha-1 de P2O5. O teor crítico de P, para produzir 90% da produtividade máxima, foi de 3,4 g kg-1 na massa seca da folha padrão para avaliação do estado nutricional.
The okra is a Malvaceae specie with large economic and social importance for the State of Maranhão, however, there is a shortage of information for corrective and fertilization recommendations for the okra crop in the State, and farmers use recommendations from other states. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of P doses on growth and productivity of the okra and to obtain the critical content of the nutrient as a function of the phosphorus dose. The experiment was carried out from 1-15 to 5-9 2017, in the field, in São Luis, MA. The experimental design was a randomized block. The treatments corresponded to the phosphorus doses (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg ha-1 of P2O5), with four replications. Phosphate fertilization increased precocity of flowering, increased plant height, and leaf and stem dry mass. Length and number of fruits adjusted to the quadratic equation, as well as fruit yield, which was maximal with 200 kg ha-1 of P2O5. The critical content of foliar P to produce 90% of the maximum yield was 3.4 g kg-1 in the dry mass of the standard leaf for evaluation of nutritional status.
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Ležovič, Tomáš. "Experimentální analýza proudu vzduchu z ofukovače osobního vozu s využitím žárového anemometru a návrh hodnocení kvality ofukovače." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229643.
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The master’s thesis deals with air flow in the interior of automobile Škoda Octavia. The attention is focused only at a side ventilating outlet. Author’s effort was to propose the appropriate criteria for evaluation and assessment of ventilating outlet quality and elaborate the methodology of measurement for these criteria. Then follows the application of the methodology and measurement of velocity field of air flow from the outlet by the method of hot wire anemometry. The thesis also contains comparison of the results with the results attained by the smoke visualization.
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Molčan, Filip. "Vliv omezujících stěn na proudění z ventilační vyústky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-378274.
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The goal of this work is to experimentally assess the influence of limiting walls of Škoda Octavia 3 automobile cabin to the air jet flowing from the right-front situated automotive vent which is part of a car dashboard. The experiment is performed by the smoke visualization method. There is a single construction option measured for an experiment. The setup of the vanes direction and the air flow rate are modified for this option. The experiment is divided into two phases. In the first phase, the visualization of the free air flow is conducted. In the second phase, exit plates are constructed and consequently, the visualization of the wall-jet flow is conducted. The results of both are compared to each other. The results imply that the influence of the surrounding surfaces must be taken into account with the increasing flow rate for the vanes set in the direction of upper-right, middle-right, and middle-middle. There is a direct interaction between the flow and exit plates (the flow impact, the Coanda effect). The free flow does not contain the information about the mutual interaction between the flow and the exit plates, as it is in the case of the wall-jet flow. In the case of the wall-jet flow, the opening of the flow takes place due to the effect of the impact and the subsequential suction caused by the Coanda effect. The exit plates substituting the car dashboard and the front window contribute to the prevention of the air intake from surrounding space and consequently to earlier flow opening from the vent. The present work also contains the measurement methodology and the image evaluation, the comparison with previous free flow measurements (70% match) and the comparison to the measurement of hot-wire anemometry method.
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Krška, Lukáš. "Experimentální analýza proudu vzduchu z vyústky přístrojové desky osobního vozu s využitím kouřové metody a návrh hodnocení kvality vyústky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229669.
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The aim of this work was the analysis of air current from the right outlet, using the smoke method and the subsequent determination of a method for application. A further task was to establish a method for determining the upper and lower vertical routing, yaw angle (ß) and angle of inclination (?) of the air current. The experiment aims to approximate conditions as close to those experienced in the actual vehicle. After assembling a track with a soot blower (outlet) in the laboratory and defining the coordinates of the vehicle, the air current was subjected to visualization within the range of five positions of the vanes. Visualization was achieved by the use of technology for the smoke method. We used a light plane with a customized system of coordinates, a smoke generator for visualizing the air current being emitted and a camera for recording images. During our research we established the upper and lower cut off at the specific closures of the horizontal vanes of the soot blower. We determined a common analogy between the experimental track used in the experiment and the circumstances in the actual vehicle. We acquired the yaw angles (ß) and the angles of inclination (?) in the light plane and, after conversion, in the system of coordinates of the vehicle for all five settings of the vanes. The assessment of the given soot blower was undertaken according to the values achieved.
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Bečica, Radek. "Vizualizace proudu z větrací vyústky pro přístrojovou desku osobního vozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230826.
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Goal of this master´s thesis is to experimentally analyse air jet from ventilation outlet of a passenger car dashboard using smoke visualization and to describe this air jet. Air flow was set at 30 m3/h according to requirements from Škoda Auto s.r.o. from previous experiments on a similar ventilation outlet. First type of measuring rig which was developed for previous experiments was disassembled and replaced with a new modern measuring rig which is supposed to be used for next visualizations and experiments. Visualization was performed using smoke method and laser light plane. Air jet was photographed for five defined ventilation outlet adjustments and that for a jet to free space and for a jet flowing along a wall. The wall represented a front left door of a car. Results were processed by computer and presented as pictures and tables. Resulting angles were transformed to the main coordinate system of a car. Ventilation outlet functionality with respect to the air distribution in a car was evaluated afterwards.
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Júnior, Jair Sanches Molina. "Cinema ao vivo e experiências audiovisuais em tempo real." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27161/tde-07112017-152733/.
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Refletir sobre as experiências com imagens e sons em tempo real é pensar em uma ampla gama de possibilidades e experiências pela humanidade, desde os tempos mais remotos. Pelo fato dessas experiências audiovisuais em tempo real serem numerosas no tempo e no espaço, e já amplamente citada em diferentes estudos, esta apresentação tem por objetivo realizar um recorte mais restrito às experiências audiovisuais em tempo real no campo cinematográfico contemporâneo: uma arte, meio e processo em expansão que culmina na existência de um fenômeno semiótico, realizado principalmente através de modos experimentais com a presença do(s) autor(es) concebendo a experiência audiovisual, conjuntamente ao aparato tecnológico e ao público, todos participantes da criação e exibição da obra audiovisual no mesmo tempo em que ela ocorre, em transmissão direta para a tela de cinema, monitores, telas digitais ou espaços arquitetônicos. Com base em obras audiovisuais realizadas entre 2007 a 2017 desenvolveremos uma reflexão e análise das poéticas e técnicas das experiências audiovisuais em tempo real, de maneira a compreender com um olhar mais atento as possibilidades criativas e contribuir com a reflexão sobre estes formatos do audiovisual contemporâneo, cujos meios e processos estão em contínua expansão de suas fronteiras. Em estética do cinema, esta pesquisa segue em continuidade aos estudos e práticas do cinema experimental e em sua vértice ao cinema expandido.Reflecting about real-time imagery and sounds experiences is thinking about a wide range of possibilities and experiences for humanity, from the earliest times. Because the real-time audiovisual experiences are numerous in time and space, and already widely quoted in different studies, this presentation aims to make a more restricted cut-off to real-time audiovisual experiences in the contemporary cinematographic field: an art, medium and an expanding process that culminates in the existence of a semiotic phenomenon, performed mainly through experimental modes with the presence of the author(s) directing the audiovisual experience in real-time, together with the technological apparatus, the cast, and the public, all participants in the creation and exhibition of the audiovisual work at the same time as it occurs, in direct transmission to the cinema screen, monitors, digital screens or architectural spaces. Based on audiovisual works carried out between 2007 and 2017 we will develop a reflection and analysis of the poetics and techniques of audiovisual experiences in real-time, in order to understand with a closer look the creatives possibilities in live cinema and contribute with reflection on these forms of the contemporary audiovisual, whose means and processes are in continuous expansion of its borders. In aesthetics of the cinema, this research follows in continuity to the studies and practices of the experimental cinema, and in its vertex to the expanded cinema.
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Rovenský, Jan. "Až na okraj: Hranice a hraniční stély ve starověkém Egyptě." Master's thesis, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449055.
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This M.A. thesis examines so-called border stelae in ancient Egypt, as well as the concept of the border. This is done by analysing historical, archaeological and epigraphic data. This thesis con- cludes that the category of the border stela in Egyptological research should be scrapped, as there is only one monument that lives up to this description, namely the year 8 stela of Senusret III dis- covered at the fortress of Semna-West.
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Martinek, Jiří. "Bylinné lemy dřevinných vegetačních prvků :problematika navrhování, zakládání a následné údržby /." Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-92534.
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Passia, Radoslav. "Estetika okraja a hranice (K vybraným aspektom fenoménov okraja a hranice v slovenskej literatúre 20. storočia v stredoeurópskom kontexte)." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326900.
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Radoslav P a s s i a Aesthetics of Periphery and Border (To Selected Aspects of Periphery and Border Phenomenon in Slovak Literature of the 20th Century in Central European Context) Abstract The dissertation deals with selected aspects of periphery and border phenomenon in Slovak literature of the 20th century in Central European context. In the preliminary chapter Border the author focuses particularly on selected texts by Central European writers which are thematically set in the Eastern Carpathians. This radically multiethnic region is considered to be one of the relatively independent cultural areas of Central Europe by the author. Narrative perspectives of a stranger, outcast, migrant in combination with the themes of border and conflict between vernacular and alien are characteristic for the literary image of the Eastern Carpathian border area in the 20th century. The author looks at the way the literary appearance of this area is ideologically deformed in the works of individual authors. The writers (mainly Czech and Polish) who do not come from the Eastern Carpathian border area use characters of strangers to reflect on the relationship between the modern and the traditional. Autochthonous authors often make use of the stranger characters to depict the area's self-colonial efforts in relation to the...
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Vitáček, Jakub. "Šíření kudlanky nábožné (Mantis religiosa) v Evropě." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-345049.
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Climate change is one of the most important factor determining species ranges. In Europe there is now evidence for northward areal expansion in many Mediterranean insects including the praying mantis (Mantis religiosa). This species is the only representative of the order Mantodea inhabiting central Europe. The northern edge of the species distribution currently reaches latitude 53ř North. Although, the praying mantis is well known insect there is not enough evidence about its phylogeography. In this work three mitochondrial genes (COI, COII, Cyt b) were selected for phylogenetic study. Results indicate three statistically supported distinct lineages in Europe: Eastern European, Central European and Western European. Presumably these lineages are consistent with isolation during the last glacial and re-colonization from glacial refugia. Reduced haplotype diversity on the northern edge suggests currently established populations at the northern distribution border. To validate mtDNA results it was also considered four microsatellite loci. Due to different type of inheritance mtDNA and nuclear DNA it is possible to compare two independent genetic datasets. Microsatellite analysis confirmed results obtained on mitochondrial data. Three major genetic clusters were found: east, west and central. Spatial...
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Kartousová, Hana. "Vývoj středověkého osídlení na východním okraji Prahy." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332047.
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This thesis deals with the development of medieval settlement in eastern fringe of Prague. Although the archeology has focused to this area for tens of years, our knowledge of the medieval settlement isn't satisfying. This thesis focuses on the development of medieval settlement from 6th to 13th and 14th century when the settlement was stabilized. Within this is created a catalog of archaeological founds and localities in specified area. It also deals with the metallurgy which is an important economical factor. It tries to capture the relationship of the rural settlement to the central localities and church, if it was possible to capture such thing, and document changes in the development of settlement. Keywords: Prague, the Middle Ages, settlement, hinterland, archeology
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Kartousová, Hana. "Vývoj středověkého osídlení na východním okraji Prahy." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337815.
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This thesis deals with the development of medieval settlement in eastern fringe of Prague. Although the archeology has focused to this area for tens of years, our knowledge of the medieval settlement isn't satisfying. This thesis focuses on the development of medieval settlement from 6th to 13th and 14th century when the settlement was stabilized. Within this is created a catalog of archaeological founds and localities in specified area. It also deals with the metallurgy which is an important economical factor. It tries to capture the relationship of the rural settlement to the central localities and church, if it was possible to capture such thing, and document changes in the development of settlement. Keywords: Prague, the Middle Ages, settlement, hinterland, archeology
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Honzáková, Martina. "Lidé na okraji společnosti a jejich možnosti." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-296702.
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Martina Honzáková People on the fringe of society and possibilities of their integration This diploma thesis deals with youth at risk and with various institutions and efforts that try to integrate them into society. The centre of attention is institution for youth at risk in Brno where I worked. Therefore, on the basis of my experience, I would like to find out if those young people consider this institution efficient. Furthermore, there is a theoretical background, which describes and characterizes youth at risk and all the main factors which can influence their development in a negative way. An output of this diploma thesis represents two interviews, which proved that the institution is efficient, useful and able to help to young people with integration into society.
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Toure, Dienebou. "Effects of pretreatments and drying conditions on color, nutrient retention and sensory characteristics for dehydrated okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench)." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27564.
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ČERVINKA, Jaroslav. "Distribuce šelem uvnitř a na okraji lesních habitatů." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-52638.
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This thesis is focused on habitat preferences of carnivores in fragmented landscape. By using the scent station method, fine-scale utilization of forest-farm edges by mammalian predators in dependence on patch size was examined. Preferences for edge structures was detected and these structures were equally utilized by carnivores in large as well as in small forest fragments. This shows that edge effect was present in all fragments regardless the patch size.
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Melicharová, Montana. "Synantropní flóra a vegetace severozápadního okraje města Brna." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-427679.
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This diploma thesis focuses on the survey of synanthropic flora and vegetation on the northwestern outskirts of the city of Brno. It includes the northwestern part of the Bystrc and Kníničky city districts, the adjacent surroundings of the Brno Reservoir and a substantial part of Mniší hora. The explored area is precisely demarcated by 4 squares corresponding to 1/16 of the basic field of the Central European network mapping (6765CAa+b+c+d). The abundances of the found species were noted and information about their origin and degree of threat was added later. The most important findings include the information about their exact location. Selected specimens of determined, well collected and pressed species are prepared to be stored in a herbarium. The phytosociological plots were sampled to characterize diverse habitat types located in the area. On the whole, I found 522 plant species in the defined area, of which 134 are non-native and 37 species belong to the category of plants with a specific threat level. The most interesting findings are Stachys annua and Anthriscus caucalis belonging to the strongly endangered category (C2 t). There are two more interesting findings that were located on the bridge to the ZOO, Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica, and the expanding Cornus sericea on the bank of the river Svratka. I found overall 25 invasive species, 19 of them are neophytes and 6 of them are archaeophytes. The acquired data will be included to the freely available database of Flora of Brno. A large number of other botanists contribute to this database, who record new, but also the most common plant species that get sometimes overlooked.
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Machalková, Kateřina. "Vliv tvaru okraje těla na detektabilitu kryptické kořisti." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-343088.
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5 Abstract Subject of many studies dealing with interactions of predator and prey is behaviour and reactions of those predators who distinguish their prey by visual signals. The aim of the study was to compare the detectability of prey with a simple or structured body-margin shape of cryptically coloured true bugs Dysodius crenulatus and Dysodius lunatus (Aradidae) using a different type of background (tree bark of Acer, Gleditschia and Tilia). Background photos were presented in black and white and colour. The test was performed on naive birds and on the wild-caught adults of the Great Tits (Parus major) and the Blue Tits (Cyanistes caeruleus). The experiment was performed in the experimental cage with one-sided mirror glass. The influence of the body-margin shape of the prey was evident for certain groups, but the effect was depending on the age and specie of the birds and the type of the background. Different times of the search for prey were encountered as it was more difficult for birds to search for structured body-margin shape and the birds found faster preys with simple ones. When searching on the colour background the Great Tits were faster than on black and white background. Naive birds of the Great Tits were in search of prey faster than adults and vice versa with the Blue Tits. A separate task...
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Ling-Jong, Lin, and 林伶蓉. "The Fluid Behavior of Okra Aqueous Solution." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85882252153356281404.
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碩士國立中興大學
食品科學系
90
Abstract Okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.) is grown for its edible capsules, or seedpods, which are harvested immature. Belonging to the Abelmoschus esculentus family, okra is a year-round herbaceous plant. Okra can be consumed as a fresh vegetable and used as boiled vegetables for preparing stews and as additives for soups and stews. When sliced okra is added to a dish, its mucilage works as the thickening media. Its edible tender fruit has abundant nutrition including protein, vitamin A, vitamin B, calcium, iron, phosphorous, and diet fiber. Okra contains rich mucilage, and it helps digestion along the gastrointestinal tract in our bodies. This experiment is to utilize rotational viscometers to measure viscosity of samples’ aqueous solution. The purpose of this study is to use the aqueous solution of okra powder to simulate the thickening effect of starch that is commonly used for preparing food in the kitchen. The objective of this study is also want to get theoretical proof based on its fluid properties. Okra and starch aqueous solution under these investigation are modeled by power law model. All these pseudoplastic materials exhibit a decrease in apparent viscosity with increasing shear rate. The results show 2.5% okra aqueous solution has the same viscosity compared with Campbell’s® soup, Knorr® soup and 2.45% cassava aqueous solution at temperatures between 50oC and 70oC. The viscosity of these samples is ranged from 2 to 7 . Okra has abundant diet fiber and with very low calorie, its might be another choice for food industry used as natural thickening additives.