Relevant bibliographies by topics / Oku (African people)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Oku (African people)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 24 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Oku (African people)"

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Mangu, André Mbata B. "The Changing Human Rights Landscape in Africa: Organisation of African Unity, African Union, New Partnership for Africa's Development and the African Court." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 23, no. 3 (2005): 379–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934410502300304.

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As Pliny the Elder once put it, ‘ex Africa semper aliquid novi’. There is always some thing new coming out of Africa, and this time for the better. Over the last decade, some important developments unfolded on the African continent with the potential to impact on the future of African peoples. The African Union (AU) whose major purpose is to place Africa firmly on the road to development replaced the Organisation of African Unity (OAU). The New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) was launched to achieve African renaissance. The African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) was devised as NEPAD's linchpin and both were integrated within the AU. The Protocol to the African Charter establishing an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights finally came into operation. There is renewed hope that a new era has begun and time has come for Africa's development, which is not possible without a more effective and better protection of human rights. In this article, the author reflects on the changing human rights landscape in Africa under the AU, NEPAD, and the African Court.
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Wapmuk, Sharkdam. "Pan-Africanism in the 21st century: African union and the challenges of cooperation and integration in Africa." Brazilian Journal of International Relations 10, no. 2 (2021): 283–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2021.v10n2.p283-311.

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The paper examines the extent to which Pan-Africanism and Pan-African vision of promoting African unity, cooperation and integration has been achieved under the African Union (AU) in the 21st century. It also assesses the challenges of cooperation and integration under the AU. The paper adopted a qualitative approach, while data was gathered from secondary sources and analysed thematically. It notes that the quest for African cooperation and integration is not new, but dates back to philosophy and vision of Pan-Africanism and Pan-African movement from the 1950s and 1960s. This movement later took roots in the continent and championed the struggle of Africans and peoples of African descent for emancipation and the restoration of their dignity, against slavery, colonialism and all forms of racism and racial exploitation, and to overcome developmental challenges. After independence, the Pan-African movement found concrete expression in the establishment of the Organization of Africa Unity (OAU) in 1963, and later transformed to the African Union (AU) in 2002. These continental organisations have served at platforms for the pursuit of Africa cooperation and integration and addressing post-independence challenges with varying successes. The paper revealed that AU’s Pan-African agenda in the 21st century including the African Economic Community (AEC), AU Agenda 2063, and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), are not without challenges. Addressing these challenges holds the key to achieving the continental goal of unity and achieving the vision and goals pan-Africanism in the 21st century in Africa.
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Kiwanuka, Richard N. "The Meaning of “People” in the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights." American Journal of International Law 82, no. 1 (1988): 80–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002930000074170.

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The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, also known as the Banjul Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights, was adopted by the 18th Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), held in Nairobi in June 1981. Contrary to some expectations, the Charter stayed in limbo for only 5 years. It entered into force on October 21, 1986, after the deposit of the 26th instrument of ratification, the number required by its Article 63(3). By April 16, 1987, there were 33 states parties to the Charter, which makes it the largest regional human rights system in existence.
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Viljoen, Frans. "Application of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights by domestic courts in Africa." Journal of African Law 43, no. 1 (1999): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185530000869x.

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The African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights1 (hereinafter the “African Charter” or “Charter”) was adopted by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) Assembly of Heads of State and Government in 1981. It entered into force on 21 October, 1986, after a majority of OAU member states had ratified the Charter. At present, 52 of the 53 member states have become parties: the only non-ratifying state is Eritrea.
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Udombana, Nsongurua J. "So Far, So Fair: The Local Remedies Rule in the Jurisprudence of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights." American Journal of International Law 97, no. 1 (2003): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3087102.

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Pending the establishment of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights, the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights remains the only institutional body for the implementation of the rights guaranteed in the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. The Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), reconstituted as the African Union (AU), established the Commission in 1987, after the entry into force of the African Charter, in 1986, and pursuant to its Article 64 (1). The Commission was established, inter alia, “to promote human and peoples' rights and ensure their protection in Africa.” That is, besides “any other tasks which may be entrusted to it” by the Assembly, the Commission performs three primary functions: it promotes and protects human and peoples' rights and interprets the provisions of the Charter.
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Benedek, Wolfgang. "The African Charter and Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights; How to Make it More Effective." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 11, no. 1 (1993): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934419301100103.

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This contribution discusses how to improve the African system of human and peoples' rights on the basis both of the practice of the African Commission and of a revision of the African Charter in the light of the practice and experience of other regional human rights conventions and bodies. Particular emphasis is put on improvements in the procedure of communications. Furthermore, the role of the African Commission with regard to the move towards democracy and human rights in Africa and the relationship between the Commission and the OAU will be analyzed, and a number of proposals on strengthening the African Charter and the African Commission will be made. In presenting the actual situation of the African Commission particular attention is given to the results of the 11th and 12th sessions (March and October 1992 respectively) of the African Commission which in respect to some concerns were breaking new ground.
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Johnson, Segun. "Burkina-Mali War: Is Nigeria Still a Regional Power." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 42, no. 3 (1986): 294–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492848604200306.

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Suddenly Burkina Faso and Mali were at war.‘Burkina was the aggressor***! No, it was Mali.!‘ And the attack and counter-attack continued. For the man on the street, Nigeria moved in barely four days after the war had started and that is good enough. For a student of West African states' foreign policy, that was a late more for Nigeria, more so when the hopes of Nigerians moves were dropped. For whatever the cause, Nigeria was expected to get the grasp of any crisis erupting in West Africa regardless of the countries involved—Francophones or Anglophones. Why? Authorities in the seventies had seen Nigeria in the subregion of West Africa as its “regional power.” John Ostheimer, in 1973, wrote that‘…Nigeria is now obviously the “giant of Africa” in a new sense. Nigeria… (is) the dominant power in the West Africa Region.’1 Colin Legum in the same year-wrote: Nigeria is Africa's most important country—in size of population and in resources—as well as in trained people. Properly developed and with a properly functioning political system-it could provide decisive leadership for the entire continent strong enough to consolidate a powerful organization embracing Anglophone and Francophone African States; militarily and economically strong enough to play a leading role in challenging the minority while regimes in Portuguese and Southern Africa and to provide more muscle for the OAU; and influential enough to strengthen the whole of Africa's relationships within the international community.2 In the same vein, and American paper in 1977 summed it up thus: ‘As the biggest, richest and most influential black African State, ‘Nigeria has an evident capacity to reduce the prospect of great power involvement in an African quarrel and and an evident self interest in doing so.3 But Nigeria did not react immediately to the Burkina-Mali crisis when it came into the open. Could it be that the impetus had gone or the ability had been reduced by internal problems? Attempts will be made to answer these important questions. For now, it is desirable to look at the remote and immediate causes of the border clash between the two warring states.
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Sharpe, Marina. "The Supervision (or Not) of the 1969 OAU Refugee Convention." International Journal of Refugee Law 31, no. 2-3 (2019): 261–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijrl/eez025.

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Abstract This article covers the supervision of the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa (1969 Convention). It begins by defining treaty supervision and describing key understandings of it in the international refugee law literature. These are then harnessed to create a model of supervision (the Supervisory Model) to frame the ensuing discussion. How the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees is supervised is presented within this Supervisory Model, by way of background. The article then moves on to its principal focus, beginning with an overview of the calls for, and claims regarding, supervision of the 1969 Convention. The need for supervision is then established based on two principal elements. First, the 1969 Convention’s incomplete implementation in States parties to the treaty, in both refugee status determination and in relation to rights guaranteed by the instrument. Secondly, existing bodies with quasi-supervisory or supervisory mandates – the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees – are not effectively redressing such implementation deficiencies. With the need for supervision established, a new supervisory mechanism is proposed and the procedural options to create it are outlined.
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Maisels, Fiona G., Martin Cheek, and Chris Wild. "Rare plants on Mount Oku summit, Cameroon." Oryx 34, no. 2 (2000): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3008.2000.00107.x.

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AbstractThe forests of the Kilum-Ijim area, around Mount Oku in West Cameroon, are the largest remaining patch of montane forest in West Africa, and the highest in altitude. This important habitat harbours endemic species of both animals and plants but is surrounded by a high density of human settlements: c. 300,000 people live within a day's walk of the forest, which covers only 200 sq km. BirdLife International and the Ministry of the Environment and Forestry, Government of Cameroon, are currently operating the Kilum-Ijim Forest Project, with the overall goal of conserving representative areas of the Cameroon montane forest biome in the long-term. The purpose of the project is toensure that the biodiversity, extent and ecological processes of the Kilum-Ijim Forest are maintained and that the forest is used sustainably by the local communities. The existence of a small Sphagnum community and associated wetland plant species was discovered in 1997 on the summit of Mount Oku, at 2900 m. This site is of extremely high conservation importance because several plant species endemic to the Kilum-Ijim area have been recorded there. In addition, it is the highest Sphagnum bog and the source of the highest stream in West Africa.
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Viljoen, Frans. "Special focus." African Human Rights Law Journal 21, no. 2 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1996-2096/2021/v21n2a50.

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This edition of the African Human Rights Law journal starts with a 'Special focus' on the 'Forty years of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights: Honouring the memory of Christof Heyns'. The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (African Charter) was adopted by the OAU Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Nairobi, Kenya, on 27 June 1981 - forty years ago in 2021. The 'special focus' marks this milestone. It also pays tribute to a baobab on the landscape of international human rights law, Professor Christof Heyns.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Oku (African people)"

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Ayalew, Albab Tesfaye. "African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights : prospects and challenges of prosecuting unconstitutional changes of government as an international crime." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/37278.

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In its latest attempt to curb the plight of unconstitutional changes of government in Africa, the African Union (AU) is in the process of empowering the African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Court) to prosecute perpetrators of unconstitutional changes of government in member states. This study considers the prospects and challenges of such prosecution by the proposed African Court. The study first identifies the normative and institutional framework developed by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), and later the AU to address unconstitutional changes of government in the continent. It then analyses the AU’s response to unconstitutional changes of government in member states, taking Guinea, The Comoros, Niger, Tunisia, Egypt and Libya as case studies. In doing so, it identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the AU’s response to the changes in these countries, including the capability of the AU’s normative and institutional framework to address all forms of unconstitutional changes in the region. Most importantly, the study addresses the challenges and prospects of prosecuting unconstitutional changes of government by the proposed African Court and whether the Court would be able to overcome the short-comings identified in the case studies. It finally concludes and recommends based on the findings of the study.<br>Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>gm2014<br>Centre for Human Rights<br>unrestricted
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Books on the topic "Oku (African people)"

1

Koloss, Hans-Joachim. World-view and society in Oku (Cameroon). D. Reimer, 2000.

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2

Othman, Ramatoulie Onikepo. A cherished heritage: Tracing the roots of Oku Marabou--early 19th to mid 20th century. Edward Francis Small Printing Press, 1999.

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Othman, Ramatoulie Onikepo. Costly prices. R.O Othman, 2005.

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Iyekolo, Ezekiel Bolaji. The peoples of Okunland. Concept Publications Ltd., 2006.

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Afrikainstitutet, Nordiska, ed. Zangbeto: Navigation between the spaces of oral art, communal security and conflict mediation in Badagry, Nigeria. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2011.

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Eshu-Osanyin: Reflections : ofo, ewe, ebo, odu. Athelia Henrietta Press, 2000.

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Yusuf, J. O. The national question and the place of the Okun people in Nigeria. African Centre for Development Research, 2006.

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8

Adeleye, Yusuf Adebori. The monumental speeches of HRH Oba Yusuf Adebori Adeleye: The Olubaka of Oka land. Ade-Otu & Sons press, 1991.

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9

Ajanah, Nuhuman. Ebira vacant stool: Dr. Amezigi Ayamuku drops rotation for Ogu Clan for Ohinoyi and Governor for Omavi Clan. Ebira Tao Social Club, 1996.

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10

Tejuoso, Adedapo Adewale. So far so memorable: A review of one year in office of Oba Dr. Adedapo Adewale Tejuoso, Karunwi III, Osile Oke Ona, Egba. Pumark Nigeria, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Oku (African people)"

1

Smith, Rhona K. M. "8. Africa." In International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198843672.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the role of the African Union, formerly the Organization of African Unity (OAU), in the development of African jurisprudence on human rights. It provides a brief historical background on the African Union and the Charter provisions. The chapter traces the development of human rights protection in Africa; describes the monitoring and enforcement of human rights law; highlights the impact of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights on human rights in Africa; and explains how States may be held accountable for infringements of rights and freedoms.
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Smith, Rhona K. M. "9. Africa." In International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198805212.003.0009.

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This chapter examines the role of the African Union, formerly the Organization of African Unity (OAU), in the development of African jurisprudence on human rights. It provides a brief historical background on the African Union and the Charter provisions. The chapter traces the development of human rights protection in Africa; describes the monitoring and enforcement of human rights law; highlights the impact of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights on human rights in Africa; and explains how States may be held accountable for infringements of rights and freedoms.
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Smith, Rhona K. M. "8. Africa." In International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192845382.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the role of the African Union, formerly the Organization of African Unity (OAU), in the development of African jurisprudence on human rights. It provides a brief historical background on the African Union and the Charter provisions. The chapter traces the development of human rights protection in Africa; describes the monitoring and enforcement of human rights law; highlights the impact of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights on human rights in Africa; and explains how States may be held accountable for infringements of rights and freedoms.
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Adeola, Aderomola. "Introduction." In Compliance with International Human Rights Law in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856999.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter traces the evolution of human rights corpus in Africa. Over the last decades, the African human rights system has emerged as one of the robust human rights systems. Comprising of a rich panoply of norms – both soft and hard – the African human rights system has developed as a significant regime making notable contributions to international law in a plethora of ways. While its visible emergence started with the adoption of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Charter), the crooning emerged in the late 1960s with the development of the OAU Convention Governing Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa (OAU Refugee Convention). This book examines the question of compliance with international human rights law, building on the pertinent body of existing scholarship. In answering this question, Frans Viljoen’s seminal work on International Human Rights Law in Africa is a classic reference document.
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Witt, Antonia. "Between the Shadow of History and the ‘Union of People’." In International Organizations under Pressure. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837893.003.0004.

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With the end of the Cold War, we observe two major changes in the way the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) and the African Union (AU) sought to legitimate themselves. First, the focus shifted from merely facilitating cooperation to demonstrating that the work of the OAU and later the AU actually made a difference ‘on the ground’; that it led to peace and development, to integration, and to a stronger representation of African interests in global institutions. Second, the AU sought to build its legitimacy on the notion of working not only for and with African states, but also for and with the African people. Legitimation thus increasingly focused on the principles of ‘democracy’, ‘human security’, or ‘human development’. As the chapter reveals, various dynamics in the organizational environment facilitated these changes, but norm entrepreneurship by the OAU/AU bureaucracy was central.
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Marina, Sharpe. "Part III Regional Regimes, Ch.15 Regional Refugee Regimes: Africa." In The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198848639.003.0016.

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This chapter highlights the African approach to refugees, analysing the regional legal framework anchored by the Organization of African Unity (OAU) Convention. The regional legal regime for refugees includes treaty and institutional components. The treaty framework is comprised of the Refugee and OAU conventions and international and regional human rights law, including but not limited to the two covenants, the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and African instruments on the rights of women and children. The chapter then addresses regional organizations with relevant mandates: African Union (AU) bodies and judicial organs including the AU Commission, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. It also looks at the role of civil society, as well as contemporary refugee protection achievements and challenges. These include the implementation, in terms of both refugee status determination and rights, of the regional legal framework in national jurisdictions; the rise of displacement in the context of climate change and disasters; and the relationship between European Union policy responses to the so-called migration crisis and refugee protection in Africa.
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Olivier, Michèle. "Enforcement Mechanisms in AU Human Rights Treaties: Lessons for the Wider AU Law." In The Emergent African Union Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862154.003.0021.

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The adoption of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (Banjul Charter) by the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) in 1981 aimed to address a long and ongoing history of human rights abuses in Africa. The Banjul Charter received wide endorsement for its branding a uniquely African approach to human rights, reaching beyond the traditional Western human rights paradigm designed to safeguard human rights in the Global North following the Second World War. The Banjul Charter confronts African challenges head on by introducing the notion of ‘peoples’ rights’ in addition to the traditional ‘individual rights’, as well as the novel concept of ‘individual duties’. It paved the way for recognition of human rights by OAU members through inclusion in their national constitutions. A number of human rights treaties and other instruments dealing with specific areas of concern which include refugees, women, children, elections, freedom of expression, and so forth followed. This array of African human rights instruments speaks of good intentions and provide fertile ground for academic study. However, despite its ambitious design, human rights protection in Africa leaves much to be desired. As with many OAU/AU initiatives, the proof of the pudding is in the implementation or lack thereof. To make sense of the implementation conundrum, this chapter focuses on means and methods of enforcement of AU human rights instruments at both the international (AU) and national levels, with a view to identify how it could guide the discourse on emergent AU law.
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"Okun Radio Online as an impetus for maintaining the dialects and cultural heritage of Okun-Yoruba people." In African Language Digital Media and Communication, edited by Josephine Olufunmilayo Alexander. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351120425-4.

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"The relationship between the OAU/AU and the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights." In Human Rights in Africa. Cambridge University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511494031.002.

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Mumford, Densua. "Building Regional Communities: The Role of Regional Organizations in Africa." In Globalizing Regionalism and International Relations. Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529217148.003.0004.

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Theories of comparative regionalism are Eurocentric and do not meaningfully explain the fundamental dynamics of diverse regional organisations in world politics. In particular, only rare attempts have been made to theorise regionalism from the perspective of African peoples, which has led to the loss of important insights for the field. Drawing on African conceptions of the international, I argue that African regional organisations are best understood as instruments used by states to build regional communities that will empower them vis-à-vis the European Other. The concept of ‘regional communities’ developed in this chapter is useful for wider scholarship in the field because it reveals the systematic vertical relationship between the region and the formal regional organisation, and it also allows for systematic horizontal comparison of diverse regional arrangements while incorporating region-specific self-understandings. This argument is illustrated with a discourse analysis of the speeches of African leaders at the founding of the Organization of African Unity (OAU).
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