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Voskuhl, Rhonda R., Noriko Itoh, Alessia Tassoni, Macy Akiyo Matsukawa, Emily Ren, Vincent Tse, Ellis Jang, Timothy Takazo Suen, and Yuichiro Itoh. "Gene expression in oligodendrocytes during remyelination reveals cholesterol homeostasis as a therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 20 (April 30, 2019): 10130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1821306116.
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Regional differences in neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia exist in the brain during health, and regional differences in the transcriptome may occur for each cell type during neurodegeneration. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is multifocal, and regional differences in the astrocyte transcriptome occur in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an MS model. MS and EAE are characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, with minimal remyelination. Here, RNA-sequencing analysis of MS tissues from six brain regions suggested a focus on oligodendrocyte lineage cells (OLCs) in corpus callosum. Olig1-RiboTag mice were used to determine the translatome of OLCs in vivo in corpus callosum during the remyelination phase of a chronic cuprizone model with axonal damage. Cholesterol-synthesis gene pathways dominated as the top up-regulated pathways in OLCs during remyelination. In EAE, remyelination was induced with estrogen receptor-β (ERβ) ligand treatment, and up-regulation of cholesterol-synthesis gene expression was again observed in OLCs. ERβ-ligand treatment in the cuprizone model further increased cholesterol synthesis gene expression and enhanced remyelination. Conditional KOs of ERβ in OLCs demonstrated that increased cholesterol-synthesis gene expression in OLCs was mediated by direct effects in both models. To address this direct effect, ChIP assays showed binding of ERβ to the putative estrogen-response element of a key cholesterol-synthesis gene (Fdps). As fetal OLCs are exposed in utero to high levels of estrogens in maternal blood, we discuss how remyelinating properties of estrogen treatment in adults during injury may recapitulate normal developmental myelination through targeting cholesterol homeostasis in OLCs.
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Bharti, Dinesh, Si-Jung Jang, Sang-Yun Lee, Sung-Lim Lee, and Gyu-Jin Rho. "In Vitro Generation of Oocyte Like Cells and Their In Vivo Efficacy: How Far We have been Succeeded." Cells 9, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9030557.
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In the last few decades, stem cell therapy has grown as a boon for many pathological complications including female reproductive disorders. In this review, a brief description of available strategies that are related to stem cell-based in vitro oocyte-like cell (OLC) development are given. We have tried to cover all the aspects and latest updates of the in vitro OLC developmental methodologies, marker profiling, available disease models, and in vivo efficacies, with a special focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) usage. The differentiation abilities of both the ovarian and non-ovarian stem cell sources under various induction conditions have shown different effects on morphological alterations, proliferation- and size-associated developments, hormonal secretions under gonadotropic stimulations, and their neo-oogenesis or folliculogenesis abilities after in vivo transplantations. The attainment of characters like oocyte-like morphology, size expansion, and meiosis initiation have been found to be major obstacles during in vitro oogenesis. A number of reports have either lacked in vivo studies or have shown their functional incapability to produce viable and healthy offspring. Though researchers have gained many valuable insights regarding in vitro gametogenesis, still there are many things to do to make stem cell-derived OLCs fully functional.
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Muñoz-Pascual, Lucía, Carla Curado, and Jesús Galende. "Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis on the Adoption of Environmental Practices: Exploring Technological- and Human-Resource-Based Contributions." Mathematics 9, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9131553.
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Our main objective was to analyze which paths can lead to the adoption of environmental practices (PRAC) in firms, for which we developed three original alternative research models. Model 1 involves five sources for the adoption of environmental practices: human resource costs, organizational learning capability, firm size, manager educational level and manager experience. Model 2 adopts five sources for PRAC: human resource costs, information technology support, firm size, manager educational level and manager experience. Finally, Model 3 adopts six sources for PRAC: human resource costs, organizational learning capability, information technology support, firm size, manager educational level and manager experience. Therefore, Model 1 uses the organizational learning capability for PRAC, Model 2 uses the information technology support for PRAC and Model 3 uses both organizational learning capability and information technology support for PRAC. We used a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis on 349 small- and medium-sized Portuguese firms in twelve industrial sectors. The results show that organizational learning capability (OLC) and information technology support (ITS) are important sources for the development of PRAC. In this line, the three research models show that there are different pathways that lead to PRAC. These research models also show pathways that lead to the absence of PRAC. Therefore, the qualitative findings show the relevancy of OLC and ITS to PRAC. In addition, our findings indicate that, by focusing on variables such as OLC, a firm can find more paths that lead to PRAC. Additionally, with the combination of OLC and ITS, it must be taken into account that only developing ITS without OLC is riskier when obtaining PRAC.
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Zhang, Fengji, Zhijiang Zhang, Yi Long, and Ling Zhang. "Integration of Sentinel-3 OLCI Land Products and MERRA2 Meteorology Data into Light Use Efficiency and Vegetation Index-Driven Models for Modeling Gross Primary Production." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (March 8, 2021): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13051015.
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Accurately and reliably estimating total terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) on a large scale is of great significance for monitoring the carbon cycle process. The Sentinel-3 satellite provides the OLCI FAPAR and OTCI products, which possess a higher spatial and temporal resolution than MODIS products. However, few studies have focused on using LUE models and VI-driven models based on the Sentinel-3 satellites to estimate GPP on a large scale. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of Sentinel-3 OLCI FAPAR and OTCI products combined with meteorology reanalysis data in estimating GPP at site and regional scale. Firstly, we integrated OLCI FAPAR and meteorology reanalysis data into the MODIS GPP algorithm and eddy covariance light use efficiency (EC-LUE) model (GPPMODIS-GPP and GPPEC-LUE, respectively). Then, we combined OTCI and meteorology reanalysis data with the greenness and radiation (GR) model and vegetation index (VI) model (GPPGR and GPPVI, respectively). Lastly, GPPMODIS-GPP, GPPEC-LUE, GPPGR, and GPPVI were evaluated against the eddy covariance flux data (GPPEC) at the site scale and MODIS GPP products (GPPMOD17) at the regional scale. The results showed that, at the site scale, GPPMODIS-GPP and GPPEC-LUE agreed well with GPPEC for the US-Ton site, with R2 = 0.73 and 0.74, respectively. The performance of GPPGR and GPPVI varied across different biome types. Strong correlations were obtained across deciduous broadleaf forests, mixed forests, grasslands, and croplands. At the same time, there are overestimations and underestimations in croplands, evergreen needleleaf forests and deciduous broadleaf forests. At the regional scale, the annual mean and maximum daily GPPMODIS-GPP and GPPEC-LUE agreed well with GPPMOD17 in 2017 and 2018, with R2 > 0.75. Overall, the above findings demonstrate the feasibility of using Sentinel-3 OLCI FAPAR and OTCI products combined with meteorology reanalysis data through LUE and VI-driven models to estimate GPP, and fill in the gaps for the large-scale evaluation of GPP via Sentinel-3 satellites.
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Su, Hua, Xuemei Lu, Zuoqi Chen, Hongsheng Zhang, Wenfang Lu, and Wenting Wu. "Estimating Coastal Chlorophyll-A Concentration from Time-Series OLCI Data Based on Machine Learning." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040576.
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Chlorophyll-a (chl-a) is an important parameter of water quality and its concentration can be directly retrieved from satellite observations. The Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI), a new-generation water-color sensor onboard Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B, is an excellent tool for marine environmental monitoring. In this study, we introduce a new machine learning model, Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), for estimating time-series chl-a concentration in Fujian’s coastal waters using multitemporal OLCI data and in situ data. We applied the Case 2 Regional CoastColour (C2RCC) processor to obtain OLCI band reflectance and constructed four spectral indices based on OLCI feature bands as supplementary input features. We also used root-mean-square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute percentage error (MAPE), and R2 as performance indicators. The results indicate that the addition of spectral indices can easily improve the prediction accuracy of the model, and normalized fluorescence height index (NFHI) has the best performance, with an RMSE of 0.38 µg/L, MAE of 0.22 µg/L, MAPE of 28.33%, and R2 of 0.785. Moreover, we used the well-known band ratio and three-band methods for chl-a estimation validation, and another two OLCI chl-a products were adopted for comparison (OC4Me chl-a and Inverse Modelling Technique (IMT) Neural Net chl-a). The results confirmed that the LightGBM model outperforms the traditional methods and OLCI chl-a products. This study provides an effective remote sensing technique for coastal chl-a concentration estimation and promotes the advantage of OLCI data in ocean color remote sensing.
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Blix, Katalin, Károly Pálffy, Viktor Tóth, and Torbjørn Eltoft. "Remote Sensing of Water Quality Parameters over Lake Balaton by Using Sentinel-3 OLCI." Water 10, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101428.
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The Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) onboard Sentinel 3A satellite was launched in February 2016. Level 2 (L2) products have been available for the public since July 2017. OLCI provides the possibility to monitor aquatic environments on 300 m spatial resolution on 9 spectral bands, which allows to retrieve detailed information about the water quality of various type of waters. It has only been a short time since L2 data became accessible, therefore validation of these products from different aquatic environments are required. In this work we study the possibility to use S3 OLCI L2 products to monitor an optically highly complex shallow lake. We test S3 OLCI-derived Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) and Total Suspended Matter (TSM) for complex waters against in situ measurements over Lake Balaton in 2017. In addition, we tested the machine learning Gaussian process regression model, trained locally as a potential candidate to retrieve water quality parameters. We applied the automatic model selection algorithm to select the combination and number of spectral bands for the given water quality parameter to train the Gaussian Process Regression model. Lake Balaton represents different types of aquatic environments (eutrophic, mesotrophic and oligotrophic), hence being able to establish a model to monitor water quality by using S3 OLCI products might allow the generalization of the methodology.
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Bhandari, Dilliram. "Test of Learning Capability Model in Nepalese Commercial Banks." Dristikon: A Multidisciplinary Journal 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dristikon.v10i1.34544.
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Learning and innovation are being threshold capabilities of modern organizations. Taking this into consideration, this study attempts to explore the learning orientation of organizational learning capability (OLC) and test a learning model in Nepalese commercial banks which have been operating in a highly competitive and volatile environment with strict regulatory frameworks. A descriptive research design has been followed to explore the state of OLC in Nepalese commercial banks. The population of this study comprised of all 27 commercial banks of Nepal and the sample frame for this study included 11 commercial banks, out of which, three were publicly-owned banks and eight were private sector banks. The informants of this study are the middle and top-level employees of the sample banks from both branch and corporate (head) offices. Altogether 415 questionnaires were distributed, out of these 265questionnaires were returned and finally, 245 responses were used for further analysis. Descriptive research design was followed to explore the state of OLC in Nepalese commercial banks. The development of the measurement model of OLC was achieved at two level sex placatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). This study proposes leaning model for Nepalese commercial banks. This is expected to give the first insight into the items and constructs to build the learning capability model for enhanced organizational effectiveness. This study also showed that Nepalese commercial banks are in poor state of OLC that shows they not oriented towards learning for building their capabilities.
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Mosca, Luigi, Martina Gianecchini, and Diego Campagnolo. "Organizational life cycle models: a design perspective." Journal of Organization Design 10, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41469-021-00090-7.
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AbstractNew competitive and environmental challenges have fostered renewed attention towards organizational design. This scenario calls for a significant return to organizational design studies that embrace a holistic approach, especially those focusing on the simultaneous interaction of multiple design elements. Organizational life cycle (OLC) models provide a fitting response to this call. In this paper, we review the organizational design characteristics of five seminal OLC models. We show that according to these OLC models, growth in size—which is described as unavoidable—generates business issues that firms are forced to solve by adopting only one possible organizational configuration, here following a deterministic organizational approach. We challenge this approach and propose conceiving of OLC as an evolutionary process, which calls for a variety of equifinal organizational solutions. We conclude by proposing future research avenues.
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Khan, Samar Hayat, Abdul Majid, Muhammad Yasir, and Asad Javed. "Social capital and business model innovation in SMEs: do organizational learning capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation really matter?" European Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 1 (December 18, 2020): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-04-2020-0143.
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PurposeThis research aims to concentrate on the important concern that how social capital (SC) influences business model innovation (BMI) in the course of the mediating role of organizational learning capabilities (OLC) and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO). In the context of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), this study empirically tested a theoretical model of BMI to advocate a mechanism for the analysis of its significant determinants.Design/methodology/approachIn order to achieve the objective of the research, survey method was utilized, and data were collected from 521 CEOs, MDs and the owners of ICT sector SMEs. Correlation, causal step approach and regression analysis were used to test the proposed model.FindingsFinding of the research advocates that OLC mediate the relationship between SC and BMI. In addition, stronger EO augments the association between OLC and BMI.Practical implicationsThe study adds to the literature by providing insights regarding the impact of SC, OLC and EO on BMI of small firms.Originality/valueThis research enriches the existing knowledge by testing a mediating role of OLC between SC-BMI link and, therefore, makes an important addition to the existing knowledge in the context of SMEs by concentrating on the relationship between SC, OLC, BMI and EO.
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Karamperidou, Christina, Francesco Cioffi, and Upmanu Lall. "Surface Temperature Gradients as Diagnostic Indicators of Midlatitude Circulation Dynamics." Journal of Climate 25, no. 12 (June 15, 2012): 4154–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00067.1.
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Abstract Zonal and meridional surface temperature gradients are considered to be determinants of large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. However, there has been limited investigation of these gradients as diagnostic aids. Here, the twentieth-century variability in the Northern Hemisphere equator-to-pole temperature gradient (EPG) and the ocean–land temperature contrast (OLC) is explored. A secular trend in decreasing EPG and OLC is noted. Decadal and interannual (ENSO-related) variations in the joint distribution of EPG and OLC are identified, hinting at multistable climate states that may be indigenous to the climate or due to changing boundary forcings. The NH circulation patterns for cases in the tails of the joint distribution of EPG and OLC are also seen to be different. Given this context, this paper extends past efforts to develop insights into jet stream dynamics using the Lorenz-1984 model, which is forced directly and only by EPG and OLC. The joint probability distribution of jet stream and eddy energy, conditional on EPG and OLC scenarios, is investigated. The scenarios correspond to (i) warmer versus colder climate conditions and (ii) polarized ENSO phases. The latter scenario involves the use of a heuristic ENSO model to drive the Lorenz-1984 model via a modulation of the EPG or the OLC. As with GCMs, the low-order model reveals that the response to El Niño forcing is not similar to an anthropogenic warming signature. The potential uses of EPG and OLC as macro-level indicators of climate change and variability and for comparing results across GCMs and observations are indicated.
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Salas-Vallina, Andres, Joaquín Alegre, and Rafael Fernandez. "Happiness at work and organisational citizenship behaviour." International Journal of Manpower 38, no. 3 (June 5, 2017): 470–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-10-2015-0163.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between happiness at work (HAW), organisational learning capability (OLC) and organisational citizenship behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Through structural equation models, a sample of 167 allergists of public health services was analysed. Findings Results suggest that the relationship between HAW and organisational citizenship behaviour is fully mediated by OLC. Hence, OLC has a critical role to describe how HAW improves organisational citizenship behaviour. Basically, HAW promotes motivation for learning, and a better quality of the interactions between employees, which results in pro-social behaviours. Research limitations/implications The sample is focussed in a knowledge-intensive context. Future research might consider other service sectors, such as a private business sector. In addition it would be interesting to examine a longitudinal perspective of the model. Practical implications The results confirm the direct and positive effect of HAW on organisational citizenship behaviour. Nevertheless, showing positive attitudes as HAW does not assure to achieve perceived service quality. It is needed to take into account certain conditions that promote learning. Originality/value Current attitudinal theories do not contemplate environments that promote learning to explain pro-social attitudes. The research offers a theoretical model and provides evidence that the attitudes-behaviours relationship needs to be explained bearing in mind OLC.
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Islam, Talat, Saif Ur Rehman Khan, Ungku Norulkamar Bt. Ungku Ahmad, Ghulam Ali, and Ishfaq Ahmed. "Organizational learning culture and psychological empowerment as antecedents of employees’ job related attitudes: a mediation model." Journal of Asia Business Studies 8, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-06-2013-0035.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship among organizational learning culture (OLC), psychological empowerment (PE), job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment and turnover intention, as very little has been conducted in this regard. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research design was used via a questionnaire among 412 Malay-Chinese working in the banking and insurance sector of Malaysia. Findings – OLC and PE were found to influence positively on job satisfaction and affective commitment, but negatively on turnover intention. In addition, job satisfaction was found to perform the role of mediator. Research limitations/implications – The study used self-reported data based on cross-sectional survey. Practical implications – OLC and PE were found to influence affective commitment and turnover intention directly and indirectly, providing an avenue of approach for managers to retain their key employees. Originality/value – The paper examines OLC and PE as antecedents of employees’ attitudes (i.e. job satisfaction, affective commitment and turnover intention), neglected variables along with the mediation of job satisfaction.
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Wen, Tengteng, Zhuofeng Mo, Jingshan Li, Qi Liu, Liming Wu, and Dehan Luo. "An Odor Labeling Convolutional Encoder–Decoder for Odor Sensing in Machine Olfaction." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020388.
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Deep learning methods have been widely applied to visual and acoustic technology. In this paper, we propose an odor labeling convolutional encoder–decoder (OLCE) for odor identification in machine olfaction. OLCE composes a convolutional neural network encoder and decoder where the encoder output is constrained to odor labels. An electronic nose was used for the data collection of gas responses followed by a normative experimental procedure. Several evaluation indexes were calculated to evaluate the algorithm effectiveness: accuracy 92.57%, precision 92.29%, recall rate 92.06%, F1-Score 91.96%, and Kappa coefficient 90.76%. We also compared the model with some algorithms used in machine olfaction. The comparison result demonstrated that OLCE had the best performance among these algorithms.
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Wen, Tengteng, Zhuofeng Mo, Jingshan Li, Qi Liu, Liming Wu, and Dehan Luo. "An Odor Labeling Convolutional Encoder–Decoder for Odor Sensing in Machine Olfaction." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 8, 2021): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020388.
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Deep learning methods have been widely applied to visual and acoustic technology. In this paper, we propose an odor labeling convolutional encoder–decoder (OLCE) for odor identification in machine olfaction. OLCE composes a convolutional neural network encoder and decoder where the encoder output is constrained to odor labels. An electronic nose was used for the data collection of gas responses followed by a normative experimental procedure. Several evaluation indexes were calculated to evaluate the algorithm effectiveness: accuracy 92.57%, precision 92.29%, recall rate 92.06%, F1-Score 91.96%, and Kappa coefficient 90.76%. We also compared the model with some algorithms used in machine olfaction. The comparison result demonstrated that OLCE had the best performance among these algorithms.
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Baker, J., K. Brown, E. Rajendiran, A. Yip, D. DeCoffe, C. Dai, E. Molcan, et al. "Medicinal lavender modulates the enteric microbiota to protect against Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 303, no. 7 (October 1, 2012): G825—G836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00327.2011.
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Inflammatory bowel disease, inclusive of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, consists of immunologically mediated disorders involving the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract. Lavender oil is a traditional medicine used to relieve many gastrointestinal disorders. The goal of this study was to examine the therapeutic effects of the essential oil obtained from a novel lavender cultivar, Lavandula × intermedia cultivar Okanagan lavender (OLEO), in a mouse model of acute colitis caused by Citrobacter rodentium . In colitic mice, oral gavage with OLEO resulted in less severe disease, including decreased morbidity and mortality, reduced intestinal tissue damage, and decreased infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, with reduced levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-22, macrophage inflammatory protein-2α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. This was associated with increased levels of regulatory T cell populations compared with untreated colitic mice. Recently, we demonstrated that the composition of the enteric microbiota affects susceptibility to C. rodentium -induced colitis. Here, we found that oral administration of OLEO induced microbiota enriched with members of the phylum Firmicutes, including segmented filamentous bacteria, which are known to protect against the damaging effects of C. rodentium . Additionally, during infection, OLEO treatment promoted the maintenance of microbiota loads, with specific increases in Firmicutes bacteria and decreases in γ-Proteobacteria. We observed that Firmicutes bacteria were intimately associated with the apical region of the intestinal epithelial cells during infection, suggesting that their protective effect was through contact with the gut wall. Finally, we show that OLEO inhibited C. rodentium growth and adherence to Caco-2 cells, primarily through the activities of 1,8-cineole and borneol. These results indicate that while OLEO promoted Firmicutes populations, it also controlled pathogen load through antimicrobial activity. Overall, our results reveal that OLEO can protect against colitis through the microbial-immunity nexus and that a pharmacological agent, in this case OLEO, alters the normal enteric microbiota.
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Messer, OE Bronson, Ed D’Azevedo, Judy Hill, Wayne Joubert, Mark Berrill, and Christopher Zimmer. "MiniApps derived from production HPC applications using multiple programing models." International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 32, no. 4 (September 18, 2016): 582–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342016668241.
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We have developed a set of reduced, proxy applications (“MiniApps”) based on large-scale application codes supported at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF). The MiniApps are designed to encapsulate the details of the most important (i.e. the most time-consuming and/or unique) facets of the applications that run in production mode on the OLCF. In each case, we have produced or plan to produce individual versions of the MiniApps using different specific programing models (e.g., OpenACC, CUDA, OpenMP). We describe some of our initial observations regarding these different implementations along with estimates of how closely the MiniApps track the actual performance characteristics (in particular, the overall scalability) of the large-scale applications from which they are derived.
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Pacheco, Paulo Santana, João Restle, Ivan Luiz Brondani, Dari Celestino Alves Filho, João Teodoro Padua, and Fabrícia Rocha Chaves Miotto. "Grupo genético, sistema de acasalamento e efeitos genéticos aditivos e não-aditivos nas características de musculosidade da carcaça de novilhos oriundos do cruzamento rotativo Charolês × Nelore." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 39, no. 3 (March 2010): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982010000300007.
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Foram avaliadas as carcaças de 800 novilhos oriundos do cruzamento rotativo entre as raças Charolesa e Nelore abatidos aos 2 anos de idade. As características avaliadas foram: conformação, espessura de coxão, perímetro de braço, área de olho-de-lombo e área de olho-de-lombo dividida por 100 kg de peso da carcaça fria (AOL100). Na análise dos dados, consideraram-se dois modelos: o Modelo 1 incluiu os efeitos genéticos de sistema de acasalamento e grupo genético do novilho aninhado em sistema de acasalamento e o Modelo 2 correspondeu ao Modelo 1, porém o sistema de acasalamento e o grupo genético foram substituídos pelas covariáveis representativas da porcentagem da raça Charolesa no indivíduo e na sua mãe e da porcentagem de heterozigose no indivíduo e na sua mãe. Pela análise do Modelo 1, novilhos charoleses foram superiores aos nelores em todas as características avaliadas. A heterose retida foi significativa para conformação (4,2%), espessura de coxão (3,2%), perímetro de braço (4,2%), área de olho-de-lombo (7,3%) e AOL100 (-6,7%). O efeito genético aditivo individual da raça Charolesa em relação à Nelore foi de 1,89 pontos para conformação, 1,37 cm para espessura de cochão, 2,55 cm para perímetro de braço, 12,70 cm² para área de olho-de-lombo e 3,13 cm² para AOL100. O efeito genético heterótico individual (em relação à média dos definidos) foi de 3,9% para conformação, 3,8% para espessura de cochão, 3,1% para perímetro de braço e 9,8% para área de olho-de-lombo. A heterose materna é significativa apenas para perímetro de braço (1,6%) e AOL100 (-5,4%). Os efeitos genéticos não-aditivos, representados por epistasia e ligação gênica, não influenciam as características avaliadas.
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Schneider, R., V. C. Hass, and A. Munack. "OLFO Controller Performance Study Using Mathematical Fermentation Models of Different Complexity." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 26, no. 2 (July 1993): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)48720-9.
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Alkaraeen, Mohamed, and Ahmed Al-Ashaab. "Toward the Digitalisation of the Organisational Learning Capability to Enhance Organisational Performance." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS 18 (February 11, 2021): 444–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23207.2021.18.45.
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Public organisations provide training to enhance their employee’s capabilities to provide better services. Public organisations use different learning methods to enhance their employee’s skills and service offering. Therefore, public organisations are considering different learning programmes such as classroom training, coaching, mentoring etc. For the organisations to be effective in providing the learning programs to their employees, there is a need to have an approach to support these efforts. This study suggests that Organisational Learning Capability (OLC) is the right approach to do that. This is because OLC facilitates the learning process. The study proposes an OLC model consists of the key elements that represent the definition of OLC; these are the learning processes, enablers, influential factors. This paper explores how organisations can bridge the gap between investments in learning initiatives and improvement in service provision in public organisations. The context of this study is the creation of a set of learning and development programs in the public services organisations. The top OLC model helps to define all other learning programmes where the coaching learning program is presented in this paper.
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Andrés-Guerrero, Vanessa, Irene Camacho-Bosca, Liseth Salazar-Quiñones, Nestor Ventura-Abreu, Mercedes Molero-Senosiain, Samuel Hernández-Ruiz, Guillermo Bernal-Sancho, Rocío Herrero-Vanrell, and Julián García-Feijóo. "The Effect of a Triple Combination of Bevacizumab, Sodium Hyaluronate and a Collagen Matrix Implant in a Trabeculectomy Animal Model." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060896.
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Currently available anti-scarring treatments for glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) have potentially blinding complications, so there is a need for alternative and safer agents. The effects of the intrableb administration of a new combination of the anti-VEGF bevacizumab, sodium hyaluronate and a collagen matrix implant were investigated in a rabbit model of GFS, with the purpose of modulating inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroblast migration and fibrogenesis in the wound healing process. A comparative-effectiveness study was performed with twenty-four rabbits, randomly assigned to the following treatments: (a) biodegradable collagen matrix implant (Olo), (b) bevacizumab-loaded collagen matrix implant (Olo-BVZ), (c) bevacizumab-loaded collagen matrix implant combined with sodium hyaluronate (Olo-BVZ-H5) and (d) sham-operated animals (control). Rabbits underwent a conventional trabeculectomy and were studied over 30 days in terms of intraocular pressure and bleb characterization (height, area and vascularity in central, peripheral and non-bleb zones). Histologic differences among groups were further evaluated at day 30 (inflammation, total cellularity and degree of fibrosis in the area of surgery). Local delivery of bevacizumab (Olo-BVZ and Olo-BVZ-H5) increased the survival of the filtering bleb by 21% and 31%, respectively, and generated a significant decrease in inflammation and cell infiltration histologically 30 days after surgery, without exhibiting any local toxic effects. Olo-BVZ-H5 showed less lymphocyte infiltration and inflammation than the rest of the treatments. Intraoperative intrableb implantation of bevacizumab, sodium hyaluronate and a collagen matrix may provide an improved trabeculectomy outcome in this model of intense wound healing. This study showed an effective procedure with few surgical complications and a novel combination of active compounds that offer new possibilities to improve the efficacy of filtration surgery.
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Song, Zhibin, Chao Nie, Shuyang Li, Paolo Dario, and Jian S. Dai. "A Muscle-Specific Rehabilitation Training Method Based on Muscle Activation and the Optimal Load Orientation Concept." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2018 (November 22, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2365983.
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Training based on muscle-oriented repetitive movements has been shown to be beneficial for the improvement of movement abilities in human limbs in relation to fitness, athletic training, and rehabilitation training. In this paper, a muscle-specific rehabilitation training method based on the optimal load orientation concept (OLOC) was proposed for patients whose motor neurons are injured, but whose muscles and tendons are intact, to implement high-efficiency resistance training for the shoulder muscles, which is one of the most complex joints in the human body. A three-dimensional musculoskeletal model of the human shoulder was used to predict muscle forces experienced during shoulder movements, in which muscles that contributed to shoulder motion were divided into 31 muscle bundles, and the Hill model was used to characterize the force-length properties of the muscle. According to the musculoskeletal model, muscle activation was calculated to represent the muscle force. Thus, training based on OLOC was proposed by maximizing the activation of a specific muscle under each posture of the training process. The analysis indicated that the muscle-specific rehabilitation training method based on the OLOC significantly improved the training efficiency for specific muscles. The method could also be used for trajectory planning, load magnitude planning, and evaluation of training effects.
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Pecora, Rosario. "A Rational Numerical Method for Simulation of Drop-Impact Dynamics of Oleo-Pneumatic Landing Gear." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 4136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094136.
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Oleo-pneumatic landing gear is a complex mechanical system conceived to efficiently absorb and dissipate an aircraft’s kinetic energy at touchdown, thus reducing the impact load and acceleration transmitted to the airframe. Due to its significant influence on ground loads, this system is generally designed in parallel with the main structural components of the aircraft, such as the fuselage and wings. Robust numerical models for simulating landing gear impact dynamics are essential from the preliminary design stage in order to properly assess aircraft configuration and structural arrangements. Finite element (FE) analysis is a viable solution for supporting the design. However, regarding the oleo-pneumatic struts, FE-based simulation may become unpractical, since detailed models are required to obtain reliable results. Moreover, FE models could not be very versatile for accommodating the many design updates that usually occur at the beginning of the landing gear project or during the layout optimization process. In this work, a numerical method for simulating oleo-pneumatic landing gear drop dynamics is presented. To effectively support both the preliminary and advanced design of landing gear units, the proposed simulation approach rationally balances the level of sophistication of the adopted model with the need for accurate results. Although based on a formulation assuming only four state variables for the description of landing gear dynamics, the approach successfully accounts for all the relevant forces that arise during the drop and their influence on landing gear motion. A set of intercommunicating routines was implemented in MATLAB® environment to integrate the dynamic impact equations, starting from user-defined initial conditions and general parameters related to the geometric and structural configuration of the landing gear. The tool was then used to simulate a drop test of a reference landing gear, and the obtained results were successfully validated against available experimental data.
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Conopio, M., R. K. Japor, A. C. Blanco, and A. M. Tamondong. "ESTIMATION OF CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION IN LAGUNA DE BAY USING SENTINEL-3 SATELLITE DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W19 (December 23, 2019): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w19-125-2019.
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Abstract. The mission of the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-3 satellite is to provide data for land and ocean monitoring purposes. Sentinel- 3’s Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) data are being used largely for monitoring offshore and coastal waters but can also be used for inland waters including lakes. It has a spatial resolution of 300 meters, a temporal resolution of 2–3 days and contains 21 spectral bands. Laguna de Bay, with a surface area of around 930 km2, suffers from periodic algal blooms resulting from excessive nutrient inputs from surrounding watersheds. This study aims to assess the applicability of Sentinel-3 OLCI for estimating chlorophylla (chl-a) concentration in Laguna Lake. Several chl-a estimation algorithms (i.e., band ratios and indices) were tested for Sentinel 3 OLCI images and compared with in-situ data obtained using a chl-a sensor. A regression model comprising of individual spectral bands, band ratios, and band indices for chl-a estimation as independent variables was developed, yielding an adjusted R2 of 0.759 and RMSE of 1.19 ug/L. The model consists of R620, R674/R708, and RED/NIR. A map was produced showing the spatial distribution of chl-a in Laguna Lake, with most of the portion of the lake having a concentration ranging from 7.5 ug/L to 15 ug/L. This shows that Sentinel 3 OLCI images can be utilized for accurately estimating chl-a in Laguna Lake.
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Potnuru, Rama Krishna Gupta, Chandan Kumar Sahoo, and Kalyan Chakravarthy Parle. "HRD practices, employee competencies and organizational effectiveness: role of organizational learning culture." Journal of Asia Business Studies 15, no. 3 (February 12, 2021): 401–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-06-2020-0237.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the moderating role of organizational learning culture (OLC) on the relationship between human resource development (HRD) practices and employee competencies (EC) in enhancing organizational effectiveness (OE). Design/methodology/approach An integrated research model of HRD practices, EC, OE and OLC was developed. The validity of the model is tested by applying structural equation modelling (SEM) approach to data collected from 506 employees working in 4 medium-size cement manufacturing companies. Findings The results confirmed that training and career development had a significant impact on EC, the moderating effect of OLC on the relationship between HRD practices and EC was found significant and there is a significant and positive relationship between EC and employee perceived OE. Originality/value This paper contributes to the HRD literature, integrating HRD practices, OLC and EC. The research is unique as it has applied moderated SEM to test hypotheses of the study.
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Arias-Rodriguez, Leonardo F., Zheng Duan, José de Jesús Díaz-Torres, Mónica Basilio Hazas, Jingshui Huang, Bapitha Udhaya Kumar, Ye Tuo, and Markus Disse. "Integration of Remote Sensing and Mexican Water Quality Monitoring System Using an Extreme Learning Machine." Sensors 21, no. 12 (June 15, 2021): 4118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124118.
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Remote Sensing, as a driver for water management decisions, needs further integration with monitoring water quality programs, especially in developing countries. Moreover, usage of remote sensing approaches has not been broadly applied in monitoring routines. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the efficacy of available sensors to complement the often limited field measurements from such programs and build models that support monitoring tasks. Here, we integrate field measurements (2013–2019) from the Mexican national water quality monitoring system (RNMCA) with data from Landsat-8 OLI, Sentinel-3 OLCI, and Sentinel-2 MSI to train an extreme learning machine (ELM), a support vector regression (SVR) and a linear regression (LR) for estimating Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), Turbidity, Total Suspended Matter (TSM) and Secchi Disk Depth (SDD). Additionally, OLCI Level-2 Products for Chl-a and TSM are compared against the RNMCA data. We observed that OLCI Level-2 Products are poorly correlated with the RNMCA data and it is not feasible to rely only on them to support monitoring operations. However, OLCI atmospherically corrected data is useful to develop accurate models using an ELM, particularly for Turbidity (R2 = 0.7). We conclude that remote sensing is useful to support monitoring systems tasks, and its progressive integration will improve the quality of water quality monitoring programs.
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Kelly, Matthew J., Kimihiro Igari, and Dai Yamanouchi. "Osteoclast-Like Cells in Aneurysmal Disease Exhibit an Enhanced Proteolytic Phenotype." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19 (September 21, 2019): 4689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194689.
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is among the top 20 causes of death in the United States. Surgical repair is the gold standard for AAA treatment, therefore, there is a need for non-invasive therapeutic interventions. Aneurysms are more closely associated with the osteoclast-like catabolic degradation of the artery, rather than the osteoblast-like anabolic processes of arterial calcification. We have reported the presence of osteoclast-like cells (OLCs) in human and mouse aneurysmal tissues. The aim of this study was to examine OLCs from aneurysmal tissues as a source of degenerative proteases. Aneurysmal and control tissues from humans, and from the mouse CaPO4 and angiotensin II (AngII) disease models, were analyzed via flow cytometry and immunofluorescence for the expression of osteoclast markers. We found higher expression of the osteoclast markers tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and cathepsin K, and the signaling molecule, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), in aneurysmal tissue compared to controls. Aneurysmal tissues also contained more OLCs than controls. Additionally, more OLCs from aneurysms express HIF-1α, and produce more MMP-9 and cathepsin K, than myeloid cells from the same tissue. These data indicate that OLCs are a significant source of proteases known to be involved in aortic degradation, in which the HIF-1α signaling pathway may play an important role. Our findings suggest that OLCs may be an attractive target for non-surgical suppression of aneurysm formation due to their expression of degradative proteases.
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Zhang, Zhijiang, Lin Zhao, and Aiwen Lin. "Evaluating the Performance of Sentinel-3A OLCI Land Products for Gross Primary Productivity Estimation Using AmeriFlux Data." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 14, 2020): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121927.
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Accurate and reliable estimation of gross primary productivity (GPP) is of great significance in monitoring global carbon cycles. The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) and vegetation index products of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) are currently the most widely used data in evaluating GPP. The launch of the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) onboard the Sentinel-3 satellite provides the FAPAR and the OLCI Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (OTCI) products with higher temporal resolution and smoother spatial distribution than MODIS, having the potential to monitor terrain GPP. OTCI is one of the red-edge indices and is particularly sensitive to canopy chlorophyll content related to GPP. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the performance of OLCI FAPAR and OTCI for the estimation of GPP across seven biomes in 2017–2018. To this end, OLCI FAPAR and OTCI products in combination with insitu meteorological data were first integrated into the MODIS GPP algorithm and in three OTCI-driven models to simulate GPP. The modeled GPP (GPPOLCI-FAPAR and GPPOTCI) were then compared with flux tower GPP (GPPEC) for each site. Furthermore, the GPPOLCI-FAPAR and GPP derived from the MODIS FAPAR (GPPMODIS-FAPAR) were compared. Results showed that the performance of GPPOLCI-FAPAR was varied in different sites, with the highest R2 of 0.76 and lowest R2 of 0.45. The OTCI-driven models that include APAR data exhibited a significant relationship with GPPEC for all sites, and models using only OTCI provided the most varied performance, with the relationship between GPPOTCI and GPPEC from strong to nonsignificant. Moreover, GPPOLCI-FAPAR (R2 = 0.55) performed better than GPPMODIS-FAPAR (R2 = 0.44) across all biomes. These results demonstrate the potential of OLCI FAPAR and OTCI products in GPP estimation, and they also provide the basis for their combination with the soon-to-launch Fluorescence Explorer satellite and their integration with the Sentinel-3 land surface temperature product into light use models for GPP monitoring at regional and global scales.
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Prikshat, Verma, Kumar Biswas, Alan Nankervis, and Md Rakibul Hoque. "Bangladesh HR professionals’ competencies." Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship 6, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebhrm-12-2017-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the HR roles of Bangladesh HR professionals in the public and private firms in Bangladesh using Human Resource Competency Study (HRCS) model (2016). The impact of identified HR competencies on firm performance and moderation of this relationship concerning different stages of organisation life cycle (OLC) is also explored. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative study uses the HRCS model (RBL, 2015) as its underpinning analytical framework, and explores the impact of identified HR competencies on firm performance and analyses whether this relationship is moderated by different OLC stages. The sample for this study consisted of 202 HR professionals from both public and private organisations in Bangladesh. Findings Results confirmed that all the nine competencies of HRCS model were demonstrated by the HR professionals in Bangladesh. The “credible activist” competency achieved the top ranking and “paradox navigator competency” recorded the lowest. Minor variation in terms of levels of competencies was observed in the context of private and public firms. HR competencies positively impacted the firm performance and only the maturity and growth stages of a firm’s life cycle moderated this relationship. Originality/value There is a deficit of studies which have tested this relationship in terms of the moderating effects of OLC stages in the Asian developing country context. Focusing on this paucity of research concerning the transference of western human resource management models in developing economies and their resultant impact on firm performance, this is the first study set out to explore whether the most cited western HRCS model (RBL, 2015) is useful in understanding HR competencies in Bangladesh.
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Lafuente, Esteban, Angela Solano, Juan Carlos Leiva, and Ronald Mora-Esquivel. "Determinants of innovation performance." Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración 32, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 40–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arla-10-2017-0309.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between organisational learning capabilities (OLCs) and innovation performance (IP) in organisational contexts where knowledge creation and exploitation are the business’ main source of competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach The study hypotheses are tested on a unique sample of 74 high-performance businesses operating in knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) industries and non-knowledge intensive sectors in 2016. The study employs a sequential deductive triangulation analysis (QUAN → qual) based on linear regression models and qualitative interviews. Findings The results indicate that OLCs positively impact IP. Additionally, the findings reveal that this relationship is stronger in organisations where knowledge creation and exploitation constitute the main source of competitive advantage, namely, KIBS firms. Research limitations/implications This paper offers insights into how the innovation outcomes of OLCs are heterogeneous across industries. This study contributes to a better understanding of the conditions under which the effects of developing learning-enhancing strategies occur in businesses operating in different industries. Practical implications Both knowledge generation and exploitation processes are critical for business success, and OLCs play a decisive role in this process. In this sense, the results suggest that managers need to turn their attention to the characteristics of business operations when considering the development of strategies aimed at enhancing OLCs. Originality/value The paper further explores the influence of OLCs on IP by analysing how organisational learning strategies interact with relevant organisational characteristics – that are linked here to the exploitation of knowledge-based resources – to yield superior IP.
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Bai, Pengxia, Qunqi Wu, Qian Li, Chenlei Xue, and Lei Zhang. "Mediating Effect of Organizational Learning Capacity on the Relationship between Relational Embeddedness and Innovation Performance in Freight Logistics Service." Complexity 2021 (April 19, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5516599.
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Cooperative innovation has become a critical method for freight logistics firms in supply chain management. The previous study has proved that relational embeddedness (RE) has a positive effect on service innovation performance. However, the influence of organizational learning capacity (OLC) has been widely ignored. This study focuses on explaining the mechanism of OLC on the relationship between RE and innovation performance of freight logistics service (IPFLS). Firstly, a theoretical model is constructed based on Social Network Theory, and four research hypotheses are presented. Secondly, a sample of 236 respondents from freight logistics firms in China is analyzed to test the hypotheses. Finally, several management implications and recommendations are suggested. The research results demonstrate that both RE and OLC have positive effects on IPFLS. Meanwhile, OLC partially mediates the relationship between RE and IPFLS. The findings provide practical guidance for managers to strengthen the relationship with partners and enhance OLC.
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Akbar, Yohanita Maulina, Dr Rudiati Evi Masithoh, and Nafis Khuriyati. "Aplikasi Analisis Multivariat Berdasarkan Warna untuk Memprediksi Brix dan pH pada Pisang." Agritech 37, no. 1 (March 10, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/agritech.17022.
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In this research, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was used to predict Brix and pH of banana based on RGB and Lab color values. Banana samples varied in color and ripening level from less ripen to ripen. RGB and Lab values were measured non-destructively using colormeter, while Brix and pH were determined using conventional method in laboratory. Multivariate analysis was done using the Unscrambler ® X 10.3 (CAMO, AS, OLSO, Norway, and trial version). Results showed that calibration model using MLR was able to predict Brix and pH of banana based on RGB and Lab color values. Furthermore, validation data were used to test the selected models. MLR model to predict Brix based on RGB and Lab validation resulted in 0.8 and 0.84 of determination coefficient between observation and prediction data. The model was also able to predict pH based on RGB and Lab values with 0.71 and 0.79 of determination coefficient between observation and prediction data. ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini, model Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) digunakan untuk memprediksi Brix dan pH pada buah pisang berdasarkan nilai warna Red Green Blue (RGB) dan Lab. Pisang yang dianalisis mempunyai variasi warna dari kurang masak sampai masak. Parameter warna RGB dan Lab dilakukan secara non-destruktif dengan menggunakan colormeter, sedangkan pengukuran kualitas internal yaitu Brix dan pH ditentukan secara destruktif atau dengan prosedur konvensional di laboratorium. Aplikasi analisis multivariat yang digunakan adalah Unscrambler ® X 10.3 (CAMO, AS, OLSO, Norway, versi trial). Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa model kalibrasi MLR dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi Brix dan pH berdasarkan parameter warna RGB dan Lab pada buah pisang. Selanjutnya, data validasi digunakan untuk menguji model MLR terpilih. Model kalibrasi MLR dapat memprediksi Brix berdasarkan nilai RGB dan Lab dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,8 dan 0,84, secara berurutan. Sedangkan koefisien determinasi (R2) untuk pH berdasarkan warna RGB dan Lab adalah 0,71 dan 0,79.
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Qian, Xiaojin, and Liangyun Liu. "Retrieving Crop Leaf Chlorophyll Content Using an Improved Look-Up-Table Approach by Combining Multiple Canopy Structures and Soil Backgrounds." Remote Sensing 12, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12132139.
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Leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is a pivotal parameter in the monitoring of agriculture and carbon cycle modeling at regional and global scales. ENVISAT MERIS and Sentinel-3 OLCI data are suitable for use in the global monitoring of LCC because of their spectral specifications (covering red-edge bands), wide field of view and short revisit times. Generally, remote sensing approaches for LCC retrieval consist of statistically- and physically-based models. The physical approaches for LCC estimation require the use of radiative transfer models (RTMs), which are more robust and transferrable than empirical models. However, the operational retrieval of LCC at large scales is affected by the large variability in canopy structures and soil backgrounds. In this study, we proposed an improved look-up-table (LUT) approach to retrieve LCC by combining multiple canopy structures and soil backgrounds to deal with the ill-posed inversion problem caused by the lack of prior knowledge on canopy structure and soil-background reflectance. Firstly, the PROSAIL-D model was used to simulate canopy spectra with diverse imaging gometrics, canopy structures, soil backgrounds and leaf biochemical contents, and the canopy spectra were resampled according to the spectral response functions of ENVISAT MERIS and Sentinel-3 OLCI instruments. Then, an LUT that included 25 sub-LUTs corresponding to five types of canopy structure and five types of soil background was generated for LCC estimation. The mean of the best eight solutions, rather than the single best solution with the smallest RMSE value, was selected as the retrieval of each sub-LUT. The final inversion result was obtained by calculating the mean value of the 25 sub-LUTs. Finally, the improved LUT approach was tested using simulations, field measurements and ENVISAT MERIS satellite data. A simulation using spectral bands from the MERIS and Sentinel-3 OLCI simulation datasets yielded an R2 value of 0.81 and an RMSE value of 10.1 μg cm−2. Validation performed well with field-measured canopy spectra and MERIS imagery giving RMSE values of 9.9 μg cm−2 for wheat and 9.6 μg cm−2 for soybean using canopy spectra and 8.6 μg cm−2 for soybean using MERIS data. The comparison with traditional chlorophyll-sensitive indices showed that our improved LUT approach gave the best performance for all cases. Therefore, these promising results are directly applicable to the use of ENVISAT MERIS and Sentinel-3 OLCI data for monitoring of crop LCC at a regional or global scale.
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Ruiz, Enrique, Alfonso Soler, and Luis Robledo. "Comparison of the Olmo model with global irradiance measurements on vertical surfaces at Madrid." Energy 27, no. 10 (October 2002): 975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-5442(02)00013-0.
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Silberstein, Lev, Peter Kharchenko, Youmna Kfoury, Francois Mercier, Masatake Osawa, Jonathan Hoggatt, Tiffany Tate, Charles Lin, and David T. Scadden. "Proximity-Based Single Cell Analysis of the Bone Marrow Niche Identifies Interleukin-18 As a Quiescence Regulator of Early Hematopoietic Progenitors." Blood 124, no. 21 (December 6, 2014): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.773.773.
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Abstract Background. Niche-derived signals are essential for maintenance and expansion of stem/progenitor cells in the bone marrow. Recently published studies used elegant genetic tools to dissect predominant cellular sources of known HSPC regulators, such as CXCL12 and kit-ligand (Ding et al, Nature 2012, Greenbaum et al, Nature 2013). However, strategies enabling identification of novel niche-derived factors are lacking. Here, we describe an approach which utilizes spatial proximity between osteolineage cells (OLC) and HSPC in the post-transplant bone marrow niche as a guide to niche factor discovery and reveals the role of Interleukin-18 (IL18) as a quiescence regulator of early hematopoietic progenitors. Results. We established a neonatal bone marrow (BM) transplantation model, in which adult BM-derived LKS CD34-Flk2- HSPCs fluorescently labeled with DiI were transplanted into irradiated newborn col2.3GFP recipients (in this mouse strain, the majority of OLCs are labeled with GFP). Forty-eight hours later, we obtained sections of femoral trabecular bone from transplanted mice and located rare OLCs harboring DiI-positive HSPCs in their immediate proximity. We harvested individual OLCs located within two cell diameters (proximal OLCs) and greater than five cell diameters (distal OLCs) from DiI-labeled HSPCs and performed comparative transcriptome analysis by single cell RNA-Seq. Remarkably, we found that proximal OLCs were distinct from their distal counterparts and showed a higher expression levels of known niche-associated molecules, as well as secreted factors not previously linked to regulatory niche function, including a pro-inflammatory cytokine IL18. Quantification of primitive subsets in the BM of IL18 knock-out (IL18KO) mice showed no abnormalities. However, cell cycle studies revealed that while long-term HSCs (which did not express the IL18 receptor) were unaffected by IL18 deletion, early progenitors - short-term HSC, multi-potent progenitor and common lymphoid progenitor – were more actively cycling. Accordingly, following sublethal exposure to 5-fluorouracil (5FU), IL18KO animals displayed a 2-fold increase in frequency of lin-kit+Sca1+ (LKS) cells, lin-kit+ myeloid progenitors and CLPs, as compared wild-type (WT) controls (Figure 1). On the other hand, exogenous administration of recombinant IL18 to 5FU-treated WT animals was associated with 25% mortality, while no deaths were observed in the vehicle-treated group. Taken together, these data illustrate that IL18 constrains the ability of the progenitor pool to respond to a genotoxic stress. Next, we tested if IL18 acts in a non cell-autonomous fashion. We transplanted progenitor-enriched bone marrow fraction (LKS cells) into IL18KO or WT hosts and observed an approximately 2-fold increase in both myeloid and lymphoid cells in peripheral blood of IL18KO animals. This finding was recapitulated in a reciprocal experiment, when LKS cells from IL18 receptor knock-out animals were transplanted into WT hosts, supporting the possibility that the effect of IL18 on progenitor proliferation is direct. Finally, we investigated if the loss of IL18-mediated quiescence can be therapeutically exploited in the transplant setting. To this end, we assessed survival of lethally irradiated WT and IL18KO mice following transplantation with a limiting BM dose, i.e. predicted to confer survival to 50% or less of WT animals. Notably, we observed reduced 30-day post-transplant mortality (33% versus 72%, p value = 0.05) in IL18KO animals, which likely resulted from accelerated progenitor expansion in the absence of IL18 in the host microenvironment (Figure 2). Conclusions. Our study demonstrates the capability of proximity-based single cell analysis of the post-transplant bone marrow microenvironment to identify a novel niche factor – IL 18. We show that IL18 specifically regulates quiescence of early hematopoietic progenitors, particularly under the conditions of stress hematopoiesis, such as exposure to 5FU or post-transplant hematopoietic expansion. The results presented here provide an insight into poorly understood molecular mechanisms of progenitor regulation by the niche. Moreover, improved post-transplant survival of animals in the absence of IL18 suggests that pharmacological inhibition of IL18 has the potential of improving clinical outcomes in transplant recipients. Figure 2 Figure 2. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Jannah, Miftahul, Fatmariza Fatmariza, Yalvema Miaz, and Yeni Erita. "Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Mind Mapping terhadap Hasil Belajar PKn di Sekolah Dasar." Jurnal Basicedu 5, no. 2 (March 18, 2021): 991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v5i2.793.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengetahui pengaruh serta penerapan model pembelajaran Mind Mapping terhadap hasil belajar berupa aspek kognitif maupun aspek afektif PKn siswa kelas IV SDN 04 Kampung Olo, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik penelitian eksperimen. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Sampling Purposive. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa tes pilihan ganda mengenai materi globalisasi. Instrumen penelitian ini diperoleh melalui Korelasi Biserial, reliabilitas K-R 21, serta daya pembeda dan indeks kesukaran. Melalui penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa, rata-rata tes akhir kelas eksperimen sebesar 86,25, sementara kelas kontrol sebesar 77. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai >, yaitu 3,54> 1,701, pada taraf nyata signifikan = 0,05, > berarti Hipotesis diterima dan ditolak. Pembelajaran dengan menggunakn model Mind Mapping berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar PKn siswa kelas IV SDN 04 Kampung Olo, Kota Padang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.
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N, Nofrion, Rahmanelli Rahmanelli, Yurni Suasti, Khairani Khairani, Bayu Wijayanto, Bigharta Bekti Susetyo, Rery Novio, and Surtani Surtani. "EXO OLO TASK Learning Model: What Should Students do in the Class?" Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/sjdgge.v3i1.191.
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The purpose of this article is to describe the EXO OLO TASK Learning Model as a learning model that can develop variative and creative learning activities. This model is also relevant to the 21st century learning skills and Curriculum 2013 learning. This article is a conceptual idea based on underlying theories and concepts and supported by empirical data because it was developed in dissertation research using the ADDIE development model. This model has four syntaxes, namely, 1) strengthening concepts, 2) EXO TASK, 3) OLO TASK, 4) Reflection. The advantages of this learning model are: 1) can develop creativity, critical thinking, communication and collaboration and higher-order thinking skills of students as the core of 21st century learning, 2) can develop higher quality learning activities and more complete learning experiences, 3) the multilevel and challenging questions is the trigger for the expected learning activity. The application of this learning model can help teachers to answer basic questions about 21st century learning that is "what should students do at class?".
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Souza, Rodrigo Paiva, Reinaldo Guerreiro, and Marcos Paulo Valadares Oliveira. "Relationship between the maturity of supply chain process management and the organisational life cycle." Business Process Management Journal 21, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 466–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-03-2014-0023.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the maturity level of supply chain process management (SCPM) and the company’s organisational life cycle (OLC). Design/methodology/approach – Based on a theoretical review, a questionnaire was developed to measure the maturity level of SCPM and the OLC. Data from 228 companies operating in Brazil were collected to assess the association between variables by using correspondence analysis technique. Findings – Among the key findings, evidences of a relationship between the maturity level of SCPM and the company’s OLC could be highlighted. In addition, it was found that the maturity level of SCPM has no significant relationship with the age or size of a company but it is related to the capabilities inherent to the SCPM. Research limitations/implications – Measurement of SCPM and the OLC was based on the managers’ perceptions about the actual configuration of their firms. Accordingly, there is a certain level of subjectivity inherent to those models. The study is valid for companies operating in Brazil and might not be applicable for other countries. Practical implications – This study increases awareness about the influence of organisational issues, such as the decision model, power hierarchy or governance structure, in the development of SCPM maturity. Such issues must be addressed to develop SCPM. Social implications – Management and control of organisational issues might help to develop the maturity of SCPM, so the service level of companies, in order to deliver high quality services to society. Still, further research is required in the social area. Originality/value – The paper tried to analyse the relationship of two well established models where this link was overlooked in the past. It was not found in literature similar investigation.
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Caballero, Isabel, Richard Stumpf, and Andrew Meredith. "Preliminary Assessment of Turbidity and Chlorophyll Impact on Bathymetry Derived from Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-3A Satellites in South Florida." Remote Sensing 11, no. 6 (March 16, 2019): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11060645.
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Evaluation of the impact of turbidity on satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) is a crucial step for selecting optimal scenes and for addressing the limitations of SDB. This study examines the relatively high-resolution MultiSpectral instrument (MSI) onboard Sentinel-2A (10–20–60 m) and the moderate-resolution Ocean and Land Color instrument (OLCI) onboard Sentinel-3A (300 m) for generating bathymetric maps through a conventional ratio transform model in environments with some turbidity in South Florida. Both sensors incorporate additional spectral bands in the red-edge near infrared (NIR) region, allowing turbidity detection in optically shallow waters. The ratio model only requires two calibration parameters for vertical referencing using available chart data, whereas independent lidar surveys are used for validation and error analysis. The MSI retrieves bathymetry at 10 m with errors of 0.58 m at depths ranging between 0–18 m (limit of lidar survey) in West Palm Beach and of 0.22 m at depths ranging between 0–5 m in Key West, in conditions with low turbidity. In addition, this research presents an assessment of the SDB depth limit caused by turbidity as determined with the reflectance of the red-edge bands at 709 nm (OLCI) and 704 nm (MSI) and a standard ocean color chlorophyll concentration. OLCI and MSI results are comparable, indicating the potential of the two optical missions as interchangeable sensors that can help determine the selection of the optimal scenes for SDB mapping. OLCI can provide temporal data to identify water quality characteristics and general SDB patterns. The relationship of turbidity with depth detection may help to enhance the operational use of SDB over environments with varying water transparency conditions, particularly in remote and inaccessible regions of the world.
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Blix, Katalin, Juan Li, Philippe Massicotte, and Atsushi Matsuoka. "Developing a New Machine-Learning Algorithm for Estimating Chlorophyll-a Concentration in Optically Complex Waters: A Case Study for High Northern Latitude Waters by Using Sentinel 3 OLCI." Remote Sensing 11, no. 18 (September 4, 2019): 2076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182076.
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The monitoring of Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in high northern latitude waters has been receiving increased focus due to the rapid environmental changes in the sub-Arctic, Arctic. Spaceborne optical instruments allow the continuous monitoring of the occurrence, distribution, and amount of Chl-a. In recent years, the Ocean and Land Color Instruments (OLCI) onboard the Sentinel 3 (S3) A and B satellites were launched, which provide data about various aquatic environments on advantageous spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions with high SNR. Although S3 OLCI could be favorable to monitor high northern latitude waters, there have been several challenges related to Chl-a concentration retrieval in these waters due to their unique optical properties coupled with challenging environments including high sun zenith angle, presence of sea ice, and frequent cloud covers. In this work, we aim to overcome these difficulties by developing a machine-learning (ML) approach designed to estimate Chl-a concentration from S3 OLCI data in high northern latitude optically complex waters. The ML model is optimized and requires only three S3 OLCI bands, reflecting the physical characteristic of Chl-a as input in the regression process to estimate Chl-a concentration with improved accuracy in terms of the bias (five times improvements.) The ML model was optimized on data from Arctic, coastal, and open waters, and showed promising performance. Finally, we present the performance of the optimized ML approach by computing Chl-a maps and corresponding certainty maps in highly complex sub-Arctic and Arctic waters. We show how these certainty maps can be used as a support to understand possible radiometric calibration issues in the retrieval of Level 2 reflectance over these waters. This can be a useful tool in identifying erroneous Level 2 Remote sensing reflectance due to possible failure of the atmospheric correction algorithm.
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Riguini, Renata Damiano, and Ilka Franco Ferrari. "A obscenidade do olhar: da janela indiscreta de Alfred Hitchcock à câmera diegética." Psicologia em Revista 21, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.1678-9523.2015v21n1p158.
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Neste artigo, exploraremos o cinema como campo de interlocução paradiscussões sobre o olhar, na psicanálise. Em Janela Indiscreta, Hitchcock fazuso de um tipo de artifício no qual a câmera se confunde com o olho dopersonagem e do espectador. Assim, o apetite do olho é provocado, porHitchcock, ao saber fazê-lo funcionar servindo à pulsão. A validade deretomar esse modelo é constatar que o recurso do mestre do suspense éexplorado até a obscenidade em nossos dias; na obscenidade de querer poderver tudo, condizente com uma época em que a intimidade já não se esconde,em que tudo se mostra. Na pista de Hitchcock, com a tecnologia, o cinemade horror investe na câmera diegética e promove milhões em bilheteria,desde A Bruxa de Blair. Acreditamos que o cinema nos ensina sobre umanova forma de uso do olho, sintoma atual, que o torna mais que indiscreto,obsceno.
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Miriyala, Nikhila, Daniel J. Kirby, Aude Cumont, Ruoying Zhang, Baogui Shi, Defang Ouyang, and Haitao Ye. "Synthesis of Carbon Onion and Its Application as a Porous Carrier for Amorphous Drug Delivery." Crystals 10, no. 4 (April 7, 2020): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10040281.
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Given the great potential of porous carrier-based drug delivery for stabilising the amorphous form of drugs and enhancing dissolution profiles, this work is focussed on the synthesis and application of carbon onion or onion-like carbon (OLC) as a porous carrier for oral amorphous drug delivery, using paracetamol (PA) and ibuprofen (IBU) as model drugs. Annealing of nanodiamonds at 1100 °C produced OLC with a diamond core that exhibited low cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells. Solution adsorption followed by centrifugation was used for drug loading and results indicated that the initial concentration of drug in the loading solution needs to be kept below 11.5% PA and 20.7% IBU to achieve complete amorphous loading. Also, no chemical interactions between the drug and OLC could be detected, indicating the safety of loading into OLC without changing the chemical nature of the drug. Drug release was complete in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and was faster compared to the pure crystalline drug, indicating the potential of OLC as an amorphous drug carrier.
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Yamada, K., A. Goto, C. Hui, N. Yagi, H. Nagoshi, M. Sasabe, and T. Sugimoto. "Role of ouabainlike compound in rats with reduced renal mass-saline hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): H1357—H1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.4.h1357.
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Ouabainlike compound (OLC) has recently been identified as a likely mammalian endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) from human plasma. In this study, plasma levels of OLC were determined to assess the role of OLC in a model known as volume-expanded, reduced renal mass (RRM)-saline (S) hypertension in rats with use of a newly developed radioimmunoassay for ouabain. In the first experiment, at 3 wk after subtotal nephrectomy and drinking 1% saline solution, sysolic blood pressure (SBP) of 18 rats with reduced renal mass (RRM-S rats) was significantly higher than in 17 sham-operated saline-drinking control (C-S) rats [154 +/- 4 (SE) vs. 132 +/- 2 mmHg; P < 0.01]. Plasma OLC levels were 355 +/- 68 pmol/l in RRM-S rats, sevenfold higher than in C-S rats (54 +/- 4 pmol/l; P < 0.01). In the second experiment, we measured plasma OLC levels of 10 RRM-S, 12 sham-operated control (C), and 10 subtotally nephrectomized rats drinking distilled water (RRM rats). Concomitant with a marked increase in blood pressure (203 +/- 5 mmHg), RRM-S rats showed significantly higher plasma OLC levels compared with C and RRM rats (RRM-S 114 +/- 24, C 47 +/- 11, and RRM 52 +/- 9 pmol/l; P < 0.05). In both experiments, plasma OLC levels correlated significantly with SBP (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that plasma OLC shows a similar behavior to that of EDLFs or Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase inhibitors reported in previous publications and may play a role in hypertensive mechanisms in rats with RRM and excess Na intake.
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Fereydouni, Bentolhoda, Gabriela Salinas-Riester, Michael Heistermann, Ralf Dressel, Lucia Lewerich, Charis Drummer, and Rüdiger Behr. "Long-Term Oocyte-Like Cell Development in Cultures Derived from Neonatal Marmoset Monkey Ovary." Stem Cells International 2016 (2016): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2480298.
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We use the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) as a preclinical nonhuman primate model to study reproductive and stem cell biology. The neonatal marmoset monkey ovary contains numerous primitive premeiotic germ cells (oogonia) expressing pluripotent stem cell markers including OCT4A (POU5F1). This is a peculiarity compared to neonatal human and rodent ovaries. Here, we aimed at culturing marmoset oogonia from neonatal ovaries. We established a culture system being stable for more than 20 passages and 5 months. Importantly, comparative transcriptome analysis of the cultured cells with neonatal ovary, embryonic stem cells, and fibroblasts revealed a lack of germ cell and pluripotency genes indicating the complete loss of oogonia upon initiation of the culture. From passage 4 onwards, however, the cultured cells produced large spherical, free-floating cells resembling oocyte-like cells (OLCs). OLCs strongly expressed several germ cell genes and may derive from the ovarian surface epithelium. In summary, our novel primate ovarian cell culture initially lacked detectable germ cells but then produced OLCs over a long period of time. This culture system may allow a deeper analysis of early phases of female primate germ cell development and—after significant refinement—possibly also the production of monkey oocytes.
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Blanco, A. C., A. Manuel, R. Jalbuena, K. Ticman, J. M. Medina, E. Gubatanga, A. Santos, R. Sta. Ana, E. Herrera, and K. Nadaoka. "ESTIMATION OF CHL-A CONCENTRATION IN LAGUNA LAKE USING SENTINEL-3 OLCI IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W11 (February 14, 2020): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w11-17-2020.
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Abstract. The use of Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) images in estimating chlorophyll-a (total and class-differentiated)a concentration is promising owing to Sentinel-3’s 21 bands. This was investigated for the case of Laguna de Bay (or Laguna Lake), Philippines. Field surveys were conducted on 13–17 November 2018 using FluoroProbe, a submersible fluorimeter capable of quantifying concentrations of spectral classes of microalgae. These were regressed with reflectance data obtained from 10-day composite Sentinel-3 reflectance images as well as ten empirical algorithms (indices) for OLCI. Compared to band reflectance, the 10 indices yielded stronger correlations, especially with R665/R709, R674/R709, and (1/R665-1/R709)xR754 with the following respective correlation values: −0.623, −0.646, and 0.628. Multiple regression results indicates that 48% of the variability of total chl-a concentration is explained by five explanatory (reflectance) variables (R412, R443, R560, R681, and R754) with RMSE of 2.814 μg/l. In contrast, the two indices R674/R754 and (1/R665-1/R709)xR754 accounted for about 46% of the variability of total chl-a concentration with RMSE of 2.475 μg/l. For diatoms and bluegreen microalgae, R560/R665 and (1/R665-1/R709)xR754 constitute the models with R2 of 0.21 and 0.435, and RMSE of 2.516 and 2.163 ug/l, respectively. Green microalgal concentration is jointly described by three indices: R560/R665, R674/R754, and R709-R754, with R2 = 0.182 and RMSE = 1.219 μg/l. From cryptophytes, the model comprising of R560/R665, (1/R665-1/R709)xR754, and R709-R754 produced an R2 = 0.289 and RMSE = 0.767 μg/l. It can be said that the empirical algorithms can be used for Sentinel-3 OLCI data providing acceptable estimations of total and spectral class-differentiated chl-a concentration.
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Migdadi, Mahmoud M. "Organizational learning capability, innovation and organizational performance." European Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-11-2018-0246.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a comprehensive, delineated and integrated conceptual model which includes organizational learning capability, innovation and organizational performance (OP). Then, an empirical investigation is undertaken to test the relationships among the proposed study model variables. Design/methodology/approach In total, 274 questionnaires were completed and returned. Statistical techniques employed included confirmatory factor analysis to examine the validity of the measurement model, and structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses. Findings The findings of this study suggest that OLC influences innovation and innovation affects OP. Finally, the results show that OLC affects OP indirectly through innovation (mediator). Research limitations/implications Future research should pay more attention to the influence of different mixture (variables) of influences on innovation and also examine other consequences of introducing innovation in organizations. In addition, more empirical papers supporting (or rejecting) the results in different contexts would be welcomed, especially longitudinal studies. Practical implications The results of this study help managers to ascertain the managerial practices that can be employed as well as determine the level of effort and resources necessary to enhance OLC. Additionally, managers should shed additional light on the innovation’s positive implications for OP. Originality/value This study focuses on the conceptualization of OLC and effects of these capabilities on innovation. It conceptualizes innovation as a multidimensional construct and tests its relationship with OP. Finally, the relationship between learning capability and OP, although implied, needs to be addressed empirically in the research literature, an objective that this study tries to achieve.
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Barros, R., A. C. L. Rodrigues, U. C. Guberman, M. G. Gandolfi, N. B. Merlini, C. R. Teixeira, C. R. Padovani, B. B. Brancalion, J. J. T. Ranzani, and C. V. S. Brandão. "Mensurações do bulbo ocular e cálculo do poder dióptrico da lente intraocular em miniporcos." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 68, no. 1 (February 2016): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8492.
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Objetivou-se com este trabalho determinar o poder dióptrico da lente intraocular (LIO) em miniporco e as dimensões do bulbo do olho. Foram utilizados 17 miniporcos, sadios, adultos, machos e fêmeas, com peso médio de 70kg. Em todos os olhos foram realizadas a ultrassonografia modo A, a ceratometria e a medida da distância limbo a limbo. O cálculo do poder dióptrico da LIO foi obtido utilizando-se as fórmulas Haigis, Hoffer Q, SRK/T, Holladay I e Holladay II e o software Holladay IOL Consultant(r). Na comparação entre o sexo e a lateralidade do olho, não houve diferença nas variáveis biométricas e poder da LIO. A aplicação das fórmulas (Haigis, Holladay II, Holladay I, SRK/T e Hoffer Q) possibilitou o cálculo do poder da LIO. A Holladay II, fórmula que melhor individualiza o bulbo do olho do miniporco, estima valor dióptrico ao redor de 41 D. Os miniporcos têm potencial como modelo experimental em oftalmologia, relacionado ao seu menor porte e à facilidade no manejo, especialmente em experimentos de longa duração.
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Kumar, Abhishek, Deepak R. Mishra, and Nirav Ilango. "Landsat 8 Virtual Orange Band for Mapping Cyanobacterial Blooms." Remote Sensing 12, no. 5 (March 8, 2020): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12050868.
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The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) has a panchromatic band (503–676 nm) that can be used to derive a novel virtual orange band (590–635 nm) by using the multispectral green band and red band components. The orange band is useful for the accurate detection and quantification of phycocyanin (PC), an accessory pigment in toxin-producing cyanobacterial blooms, because of the specific light absorption characteristics of PC around 600–625 nm. In this study, we compared the Landsat 8 OLI’s and Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Color Instrument’s (OLCI) derived orange band reflectance and PC products corresponding to a same-date overpass during a severe cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Erie, USA. The goal was to determine if the OLI’s virtual orange band can produce results equivalent to the OLCI’s actual orange band. Band-by-band match-ups used the OLI’s top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance versus TOA reflectance from the OLCI, and surface reflectance (SR) from the OLI versus SR from the OLCI. A significant correlation was observed between the OLI’s and OLCI’s derived orange band TOA reflectance (R2 = 0.86; p < 0.001; NRMSE = 9.01%) and orange band SR (R2 = 0.93; p < 0.001; NRMSE = 20.23%). The PC map produced using the best-fit empirical models from both sensors showed similar PC spatial patterns and concentration levels in the western basin of Lake Erie. The results from this research are particularly important for the study of smaller inland waterbodies with the 30 m resolution of the OLI, which cannot be studied with the 300 m resolution of OLCI data, and for analyzing historical bloom events before the launch of the OLCI. Although more analysis and validation need to be conducted, this study opens up Landsat 8’s applicability in research on cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs).
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Barnard, Peter A. "Secondary school structure, organisational learning capacity and learning organisations: a systemic contribution." International Journal of Educational Management 34, no. 8 (May 7, 2020): 1253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-01-2020-0037.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the influence of a school's operational structure on organisational learning capacity (OLC), and how this either supports or disables any aspiration as a learning organisation.Design/methodology/approachTwo organisational working models are described, one based on same-age structure and another that uses multi-age organisation. These are systemically examined to test for OLC and subsequent potential to develop as learning organisations.FindingsSchools using same-age organisational structure have restricted feedback mechanisms that inhibit their ability to develop OLC. Schools that have adopted multi-age structures have extensive information feedback mechanisms; consequently, they have a higher OLC and the potential to develop as a quasi learning organisation.Practical implicationsThis paper intervenes at a time when interest in the concepts of OLC, transformative learning, and the idea developing schools as learning organisations is increasing. The danger of this development is to repeat the reformational mistakes of the past by failing to reflect on ingrained organisational assumptions. This paper encourages schools to reflect on their organisational strategy.Originality/valueThis paper fills a gap in the research literature by offering a practical analysis of two organisational systems, to show how structure impacts on OLC and aspirations to develop as a learning organisation.
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Prikaziuk, Egor, and Christiaan van der Tol. "Global Sensitivity Analysis of the SCOPE Model in Sentinel-3 Bands: Thermal Domain Focus." Remote Sensing 11, no. 20 (October 18, 2019): 2424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11202424.
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Sentinel-3 satellite has provided simultaneous observations in the optical (visible, near infrared (NIR), shortwave infrared (SWIR)) and thermal infrared (TIR) domains since 2016, with a revisit time of 1–2 days. The high temporal resolution and spectral coverage make the data of this mission attractive for vegetation monitoring. This study explores the possibilities of using the Soil Canopy Observation, Photochemistry and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model together with Sentinel-3 to exploit the two sensors onboard of Sentinel-3 (the ocean and land color instrument (OLCI) and sea and land surface temperature radiometer (SLSTR)) in synergy. Sobol’ variance based global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of top of atmosphere (TOA) radiance produced with a coupled SCOPE-6S model was conducted for optical bands of OLCI and SLSTR, while another GSA of SCOPE was conducted for the land surface temperature (LST) product of SLSTR. The results show that in addition to ESA level-2 Sentinel-3 products, SCOPE is able to retrieve leaf area index (LAI), leaf chlorophyll content (Cab), leaf water content (Cw), leaf senescent material (Cs), leaf inclination distribution (LAD). Leaf dry matter content (Cdm) and soil brightness, despite being important, were not confidently retrieved in some cases. GSA of LST in TIR domain showed that plant biochemical parameters—maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and stomata conductance-photosynthesis slope (Ball-Berry m)—can be constrained if prior information on near-surface weather conditions is available. We conclude that the combination of optical and thermal domains facilitates the constraint of the land surface energy balance using SCOPE.
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Hassan, Shazia, Yasmeen Muhammad Javed Iqbal, and Wajeeha Ghias. "Organizational Learning and Competitive Advantage in Banking Sector of Pakistan." Global Social Sciences Review II, no. I (June 30, 2017): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2017(ii-i).05.
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Organizational learning is one of the major characteristic of high performing work systems. Organizations are depicted as intelligent organizations when they focus on constant organizational learning. In the dynamic era of digitalization, securing a competitive advantage over competitors has moved beyond the effective utilization of organizational resources to effective management of organizational knowledge. This research aims to study the impact of organizational learning as a competitive advantage in the banking sector of Pakistan. OLCA (Organizational learning and Competitive Advantage) model is applied and empirical evidence is collected from the banking sector of Pakistan. Reliability analysis, correlation, Mean, standard deviation, linear regression and step wise regression analysis are used to collect the statistical viewpoint. The results of the study show positive and reliable scores. The result of the study confirms the OLCA model comprehensions in the selected sector of study. The study concludes that rather focusing on increasing the resource efficiency to gain competitive advantage, organization must focus on organizational learning as a resource to gain a lasting competitive advantage.