Journal articles: 'Old European'

1

Mulley, G. P. "European courts and old people." Age and Ageing 42, no. 5 (May 21, 2013): 559–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/aft057.

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Lukason, Oliver, and Erkki K. Laitinen. "Failure processes of old manufacturing firms in different European countries." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 2 (July 14, 2016): 310–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(2-2).2016.06.

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This study aims to detect failure processes on the example of old bankrupted European manufacturing firms. Two study designs are applied, namely the original six variables from Laitinen’s (1991) model and an extended dataset with eleven variables for a five-year timespan before declared bankruptcy. On both occasions, two different failure processes are detected which indicate elements of either quickly or gradually failing firms. Clear contingencies between detected processes and firms’ countries of origin exist. There is some evidence that firms of different sizes follow varying failure processes, but this does not apply when discriminating between exporters and non-exporters

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Amatori, Franco. "European Business: New Strategies, Old Structures." Foreign Policy, no. 115 (1999): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1149494.

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4

Byrnes, Timothy A. "European Politics Gets Old-Time Religion." Current History 107, no. 707 (March 1, 2008): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2008.107.707.126.

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Sivonen, Pekka. "European Security: New, Old and Borrowed." Journal of Peace Research 27, no. 4 (November 1990): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022343390027004004.

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van den Heuvel, Wim J. A., and Marc M. van Santvoort. "Experienced discrimination amongst European old citizens." European Journal of Ageing 8, no. 4 (November 23, 2011): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10433-011-0206-4.

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Bossuat, Gérard. "European economic areas since 1914: old realities and European Unity." European Review 5, no. 03 (July 1997): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700002672.

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Bossuat, Gérard. "European economic areas since 1914: old realities and European Unity." European Review 5, no. 3 (July 1997): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1234-981x(199707)5:3<323::aid-euro195>3.0.co;2-x.

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9

Mazierska, Ewa. "Eastern European cinema: old and new approaches." Studies in Eastern European Cinema 1, no. 1 (January 2010): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/seec.1.1.5/1.

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10

Nau, Heino Heinrich, and Philippe Steiner. "Schmoller, Durkheim, and Old European Institutionalist Economics." Journal of Economic Issues 36, no. 4 (December 2002): 1005–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2002.11506533.

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11

Drca, Janko. "Social protection of the old: European tendencies." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 131 (2010): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1031229d.

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Europe, in which the process of demographic aging is the most expressive one (from 25 countries with the oldest population in the world, 24 are from Europe), recognized and defined the numerous documents of its policy and attitude towards the problems of aging population, position and rights of older persons, and therefore the social protection of these persons. It is particularly noted that in the year 2030 the number of 80 - year-old people will be doubled, and that, among other things, inevitably carries an increased demand for care (general and medical) and further development of various forms of social and health care of these people. Therefore, the EU countries are planning significant increases in participation costs for social protection in the country's GDP and development of all existing and establishing new forms of social protection of older persons. Their goal is clear: to enable the elderly to remain active members of society, to live a dignified life and to play an active role in public, social and cultural life, to freely choose their style of life and to live independent lives in their family environment, to guarantee life for elderly people in the institutions of social protection were they would have adequate support and respect and possibility to participate in decisions concerning living conditions in the institution. That is why it insists on raising public awareness and improving the scientific understanding of the need to respect the high level of civil and social rights and freedoms of older persons, especially the development of various non-institutional forms of social care, inclusive social development and inclusion of elderly, providing a high quality of life at old age, developing inter-generational solidarity, development of prevention measures and actions to mitigate adverse environmental impacts, the multidisciplinary approach, financial sustainability, and decentralization of the system. .

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12

Lewicki, Paweł. "European Bodies?" Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 25, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 116–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2016.250206.

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Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork between 2007 and 2011 in Brussels, this article shows how visual markers, class distinctions and classification of gender performances come together to create a ‘Euroclass’ among European civil servants. These markings, distinctions and classifications are denoted on bodily hexis and body performance and evoke stereotypes and essentialised representations of national cultures. However, after the enlargements of the EU in 2004 and 2007 they also reveal a postcolonial and imperial dynamic that perpetuates the division into ‘old’ and ‘new’ Europe and enables people from old member states to emerge as a different class that holds its cultural power firm in a dense political environment permeated by networks.

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13

Pila, Justine. "THE EUROPEAN PATENT: AN OLD AND VEXING PROBLEM." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62, no. 4 (October 2013): 917–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589313000304.

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AbstractIn December 2012, the European Parliament supported the creation of a European patent with unitary effect. For the next year at least, the international patent community will be on the edge of its proverbial seat, waiting to see whether the proposal becomes a reality. If it does, it will be a significant event in both the long and rich history of patent law, and in the equally rich and understudied history of attempts to create a European patent system. In this article I consider the three post-war European patent initiatives of the most direct and enduring relevance in that regard with a view to answering the following questions. First, what drove them? Second, what issues confronted them? And third, how were those issues resolved and with what ultimate effect? In the concluding section I relate the discussion back to the present by offering some remarks on the current European patent proposal in light of the same.

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14

Kalmár, György. "Angry Old Men in Post-Crisis European Cinema." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies 18, no. 1 (October 1, 2020): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausfm-2020-0002.

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AbstractThe paper explores the representation of ageing white men in 21st-century European art cinema in the socio-cultural context of the series of crises that European societies had to face in the first decades of the new millennium. In Europe ageing is a growing concern, which already influences economic productivity and further endangers the welfare system. Ageing white men, who used to belong to the hegemonic majority of society during their active period, are often disoriented and frustrated by rapid technological development, social changes, shifts in social values or the failures of the welfare system. This paper, through the analysis of Tyrannosaur (Paddy Considine, 2011), I, Daniel Blake (Ken Loach, 2016) and A Man Called Ove (Hannes Holm, 2015), explores the ways these issues are represented in contemporary European cinema. The films of this period often depict the disappearance of an old life-world, together with its old sense of community and its old types of men. Thus, these films tend to be critical of globalized modern societies, and often reveal both the vulnerability and the potential destructiveness of these vanishing masculinities.

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15

Miguel, Matilde. "Possessive Pronouns in European Portuguese and Old French." Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2002): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/jpl.43.

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16

Rokicka, Karolina. "European public law: new developments of old principles." ERA Forum 12, no. 4 (January 17, 2012): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12027-011-0241-9.

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17

Blackburn, Robin. "The Old World Background to European Colonial Slavery." William and Mary Quarterly 54, no. 1 (January 1997): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2953313.

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18

Hoelscher, Steven D., and Robert C. Ostergren. "Old European Homelands in the American Middle West." Journal of Cultural Geography 13, no. 2 (March 1993): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08873639309478391.

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19

Metcalfe, Les. "Reforming European Governance: Old Problems or New Principles?" International Review of Administrative Sciences 67, no. 3 (September 2001): 415–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852301673003.

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20

Klein, Andrea, Olaf Bockhorn, Konrad Mayer, and Michael Grabner. "Central European wood species: characterization using old knowledge." Journal of Wood Science 62, no. 2 (January 29, 2016): 194–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10086-015-1534-3.

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21

Kijek, Arkadiusz, Tomasz Kijek, Anna Nowak, and Adam Skrzypek. "Productivity and its convergence in agriculture in new and old European Union member states." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 1 (January 28, 2019): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/262/2017-agricecon.

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This study measures changes in total factor productivity of agriculture for 25 European Union (EU) member states in 2004–2016 using the Färe-Primont index. It also attempts to answer the question whether in the analysed period the levels of total factor productivity in this sector were convergent between member states. To this end, panel unit root tests were used. The study indicates that in new EU member states the level of total factor productivity (TFP) was relatively lower than in most EU-15 states. It was also found that convergence occurred in agricultural productivity almost in all EU member states (except Belgium and the United Kingdom). The research shows that in new EU member states the process of making up differences in the productivity of agriculture was stronger than in old EU member states.

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22

Inikova, Svetlana A. "OLD BELIEVERS OF ROMANIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY: NEW CHALLENGES TO OLD TRADITIONS." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 3 (2020): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-3-93-99.

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Russian Old believes – Lipovans – have always been part of the Russian world, the guardians of the old Orthodox faith and Russian culture. For a long time, they managed to maintain a religious and cultural distance from the rest of the Romania’s population and to restrain the pace of inevitable assimilation. Over the past thirty years, cultural globalisation has become the new tremendous threat. The article, written on the materials of the expeditions to the Romanian Lipovans conducted in 2009–2019, shows how radically the life of the Lipovans changed after the revolution of 1989, and especially after Romania had joined the European Union. Migration of able-bodied Lipovans abroad changes their way of life, affects the level of religiosity, contributes to the assimilation of European values and objectively leads to the undermining of the foundations of the Оld believers’ Church. Children, young people and the most of the middle generation, have been included in the Romanian-European information space, and this group sees complete loss of the Russian language. At the same time, the Lipovans of the older generation and other part of the middle generation are trying to stay within the traditional way of life and to keep the Russian language in communication. This situation leads to the loss of continuity and the termination of the reproduction of Russian culture in the Lipovan’s diaspora, to the rejection of the identity.

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23

Laczko, Frank. "New Poverty and the Old Poor: Pensioners' Incomes in the European Community." Ageing and Society 10, no. 3 (September 1990): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x0000828x.

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ABSTRACTAs we approach 1992, it is likely that elderly people in Britain will increasingly compare themselves with elderly Europeans. In Britain, recent government statements suggest that, for most pensioners, old age is no longer associated with being poor. The purpose of this paper is to compare poverty among elderly people in Britain and other European Community countries. The paper draws upon data from an EC-sponsored study on ‘new poverty’ in the European Community. ‘New poverty’ is not a term commonly used in Britain to describe the changes in poverty that have occurred in the last decade. It is suggested that one of the reasons for this could be because poverty in Britain, more so than in many other EC countries, is still strongly associated with the ‘old poor’. The paper shows that elderly people in the UK are much more dependent on means-tested social assistance (income support) than elderly people in other EC countries.

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24

Hutter, Swen, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Guillem Vidal. "Old versus new politics." Party Politics 24, no. 1 (January 2018): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354068817694503.

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The article focuses on the party political spaces in four Southern European countries (i.e. Greece, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) since the onset of the Euro crisis. To understand the emerging conflict structures, it argues for the need to consider that these countries simultaneously face an economic crisis and a political crisis and that both crises have strong domestic and European components. Moreover, the major driving forces of change tend to be social movements and political parties that forcefully combine opposition to austerity and to “old politics.” This leads to a complex conflict structure shaped by struggles over austerity and political renewal. In this structure, divides over economic and political issues are closely aligned with each other. While this pattern emerges everywhere, there are distinct country differences. Empirically, the article relies on original data from a large-scale content analysis of national election campaigns in the four countries in the period 2011 to 2015.

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25

Schapiro, Mark. "New Power for “Old Europe”." International Journal of Health Services 35, no. 3 (July 2005): 551–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gyrm-92vr-h6m4-6hdq.

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The European Union's growing political clout is leading to new paradigms of environmental and health regulation. The E.U. is putting teeth behind new guidelines governing the toxicity of chemicals in consumer products, cosmetics, and automobiles that are forcing American companies to reconsider longstanding production practices. While U.S. government oversight over environmental and health concerns is being weakened, the E.U.'s strengthened governance over these and other arenas is rapidly, through the leverage of international trade, setting the stage for a new global standard. Europe's new standards present a historic choice to U.S. manufacturers: either conform to the E.U.'s preemptive screening for toxicity, or risk sacrificing the 450-million strong European market. The author explores the American response, and how the United States is slipping to the lower rungs of a double standard for protecting the health of citizens.

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26

Ferlat, Anne. "Rediscovering Old Gaul: Within or Beyond the Nation-State?" Religions 10, no. 5 (May 16, 2019): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10050331.

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Paganism is an umbrella term which, along with Wicca and various eclectic Pagan paths, encompasses European native faiths or, in other words, autochthonous pre-Christian religions. Thus at the intersection of Paganism and indigenous religions the contemporary return of European native faiths arguably constitutes an example of European indigenism on the model of autochthonous peoples’ liberation movements. This paper furthers my previous analysis which addressed the theme of European native faiths and ethnopsychiatry (Ferlat 2014), where I began to explore the idea that European native faiths might offer a route for healing traumas resulting from waves of acculturation which, throughout history, have undermined specific groups in Europe nowadays labelled “ethnocultural”. Such traumas are the object of study in ethnopsychiatry and cross-cultural psychology among people who face the consequences of violent acculturation. Considering the role played by the revitalization of cultures on other continents, I continue here my reflection about the way that European indigeneity and indigenism might be incarnated by European native faiths. I focus in particular on a reconstructionist Druidic group in France, the Druidic Assembly of the Oak and the Boar (ADCS). I introduce the concept of “internal colonialism” as an analytical tool to understand the meaning of one of its rituals which relates to Old Gaul and epitomizes a decolonizing stance. I conclude that the ADCS embodies a specific native project: an internal decolonization and peaceful indigenization process at work within a nation-state. However given a context where internal colonization is not officially recognized, the potential resilience of such a process remains uncertain.

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27

Martins, Marco António Batista. "EUROPEAN UNION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: OLD TIMES, NEW TIMES?" PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences 3, no. 3 (February 5, 2018): 1384–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2018.33.13841403.

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28

Bagge. "The Old Norse Kings’ Sagas and European Latin Historiography." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 115, no. 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/jenglgermphil.115.1.0001.

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Walsh, P. N. "Old World-new territory: European perspectives on intellectual disability." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 41, no. 2 (April 1997): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1997.tb00687.x.

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30

McCormack, Gerard. "Something Old, Something New: Recasting the European Insolvency Regulation." Modern Law Review 79, no. 1 (January 2016): 121–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2230.12169.

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31

Casado-Gual, Núria. "(META)-Theatrical Old Age in Two Contemporary European Films." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 79, no. 3 (October 2014): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ag.79.3.d.

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32

Yakubovich, Ilya. "Reflexes Of Indo-European ‘Ē-Statives’ In Old Indic." Transactions of the Philological Society 112, no. 3 (November 28, 2013): 386–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-968x.12039.

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33

Uebelmesser, S. "Harmonisation of Old-age Security Within the European Union." CESifo Economic Studies 50, no. 4 (January 1, 2004): 717–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/50.4.717.

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34

Maior, Paulo Vila. "Rising intergovernmental European Union: old wine in new bottles?" International Journal of Human Rights and Constitutional Studies 1, no. 3 (2013): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhrcs.2013.055919.

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35

Scarbrough, Elinor. "West European welfare states: The old politics of retrenchment." European Journal of Political Research 38, no. 2 (October 2000): 225–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.00533.

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36

Potts, Nick. "Kalecki, any old idiot and the European Central Bank." European Business Review 13, no. 3 (June 2001): 166–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09555340110391284.

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37

Kuus, Merje. "Something old, something new: Eastness in European Union enlargement." Journal of International Relations and Development 10, no. 2 (June 2007): 150–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jird.1800121.

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38

Schneider, Nanette Y., Frédérique Datiche, and Gérard Coureaud. "Brain anatomy of the 4‐day‐old European rabbit." Journal of Anatomy 232, no. 5 (February 14, 2018): 747–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12789.

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39

Lobo, Amaya, Ana López, and Noelia Cobo. "Modeling of Biodegradation in an Old Unregulated European Landfill." Journal of Environmental Engineering 137, no. 1 (January 2011): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000292.

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40

Walker, Alan, and Ariela Lowenstein. "European perspectives on quality of life in old age." European Journal of Ageing 6, no. 2 (June 2009): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10433-009-0117-9.

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41

Badenoch, Alexander, Jasmijn Van Gorp, Berber Hagedoorn, Judith Keilbach, Eggo Müller, and Dana Mustata. "Old Stories and New Developments." Many Lives of Europe’s Audiovisual Heritage 7, no. 13 (May 16, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2018.jethc137.

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It is our great pleasure to present this special issue of VIEW Journal of European Television and Culture in honour of Sonja de Leeuw, one of the founding members of the journal. The issue brings together articles that honour Sonja’s inspiring contributions to television history and television historiography.

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42

Firmino, H., and N. Tataru. "OAP Actual Problems in European Countries." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)70432-8.

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Aging of the world population risks to be accompanied by an increase of chronic health problems, and most particularly of mental health problems. To face to these problems the organization of care and education in old age psychiatry is still quite insufficient worldwide. Like in all countries in this part of the world, the geriatric psychiatry is still not enough represented. Only in some countries in Europe old age psychiatry is a recognized specialty (18% of European region countries responded at a WPA survey of teaching and training in OAP). The number of professionals working in the field is still very low to satisfy the needs of care of elderly with mental disorders. There is inadequate training for formal caregivers and lack of support for informal ones. This is the reason to support the development of postgraduate education on old age psychiatry as a priority in Europe. We discuss about teaching and training in old age psychiatry, psychiatric and psychological expertise exams and the assessment of competence in dementia and ethical aspect of care and research in elderly demented people.We also present some aspects of elderly sexuality and abuse and about mental health from strategy to reality and dementia care in different Europe countries.Chairs: Horacio Firmino-Portugal, Nicoleta Tataru-Romania.Speakers:1.Alexandra Milicevic-Kalasic, Serbia: ‘Mental Health in Serbia-from Strategy to Reality’.2.Horacio Firmino, Portugal: ‘Education on Old Age Psychiatry at Europe: facts and proposals’.3.Ilkin Icelly, Turkey: ‘Elderly abuse in Turkey’.4.Jerzy Leszek, Poland: ‘Dementia care in Poland’.

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Oude Voshaar, R. "Harmonization of European training." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.961.

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Mental health disorders, especially dementia, mood- and anxiety disorders, are among the most prevalent diseases in later life. Due to a greying European society, numbers are expected to increase over the next decades. Consequently, there is a pressing need for well-trained specialists in geriatric psychiatry across Europe in order to meet the mental health needs and to deliver a high standard of care to the aging population. In the past decades, some countries have set up specific training programs for specializing in geriatric psychiatry, whereas others did not. In order to stimulate the development of high-quality services, harmonizing specialty training across Europe will be a first step forward.The EU stresses the need for standardizing qualifications of medical professionals to enable them to work across the EU. This workshop aims to work towards a consensus on the minimum training level required for geriatric psychiatry. We state that being able to work as an old age psychiatrist requires specific training in geriatric psychiatry and old age over and above general training in psychiatry. Therefore, discussion of opportunities to develop minimal criteria for training and practice across Europe is crucial. Taken the differences between countries into account (many countries do not provide specific training in old age psychiatry), we should finally agree on the minimal level of education and supervision, the minimum level of work experience and finally the minimal level of supervision in peer groups as a starting point.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

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van Biezen, Ingrid, and Helen Wallace. "Old and New Oppositions in Contemporary Europe." Government and Opposition 48, no. 3 (June 5, 2013): 289–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2013.11.

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Unity and peace in Europe, freedom and democracy in Eastern Europe: Government and Opposition's founding editor Ghiţă Ionescu – the centenary of whose birth this special issue commemorates – might have been contented to see that two of his main ideals have now by and large been realized. At the same time, in contemporary Europe we can observe a huge variety of forms of opposition to the conventional holders of power, who appear to have been unable to respond successfully to new and pressing societal and economic challenges. The old convictions that once characterized politics in the European liberal democracies are gradually eroding, while the volatile and fragmented polities of the new post-communist democracies in the East are only adding to the increased uncertainties. The ongoing financial and economic crises have exacerbated many of the existing tensions, between new and old generations, between groups with levels of educational attainment, and between the domestic and supra-national levels. European democracies in the twenty-first century are thus having to contend with various challenges that are aimed, directly or indirectly, at the core of the political system, including the populist disregard for some of the fundamental values of liberal democracy and the rule of law, the variety of anti-establishment parties and movements challenging the democratic legitimacy of a discredited financial and political class, and the unclear outcomes of further European integration. Taken together, the contributions to this special issue suggest, these developments may cast a different light on our empirical and normative understanding of the European models of liberal democracy and the welfare state

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45

Bracco, Angela, and Jean-Claude Worms. "NuPECC: A 25-Year-Old Expert Board of the 40-Year-Old European Science Foundation." Nuclear Physics News 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10619127.2014.882724.

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46

Dobrescu, Paul, and Livia Popa. "Saving the ‘biotope of old Europe’." Romanian Journal of Communication and Public Relations 16, no. 1 (May 7, 2016): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21018/rjcpr.2014.1.190.

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<p>The paper focuses on whether Europe will be able to maintain and preserve its role and values within a world background dominated by troubled crisis and post-crisis processes and effects, a question introduced by George Soros and Gregor Peter Schmitz ‘s book ‘The Tragedy of the European Union. Disintegration or Revival? published by Public Affairs in 2014. We have chosen to start our paper considering on the idea of ‘uncertainty as a danger spreading at the world level’( Luce, 2014) then focusing on the importance of Europe preserving its place in the rising multi-polar world order and on the necessity of making use of solidarity values and cooperation inside the European Union, re-stating the original spirit of the union and viewing competitiveness.</p>

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47

Oliver, Amparo, Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó, José M. Tomás, Irene Fernández, and Patricia Sancho. "Quality of Life in European Older Adults of SHARE Wave 7: Comparing the Old and the Oldest-Old." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 13 (June 27, 2021): 2850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132850.

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CASP-12 (Control, Autonomy, Self-realization, and Pleasure scale) is one of the most common internationally used measures for quality of life in older adults, although its structure is not clearly established. Current research aims to test the factor structure of the CASP-12, so as to provide evidence on reliability and external validity, and to test for measurement invariance across age groups. Data from 61,355 Europeans (≥60 years old) from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe wave 7 were used. CASP-12, EURO-D (European depression scale), self-perceived health, and life satisfaction measurements were included. Reliability and validity coefficients, competing confirmatory factor models, and standard measurement invariance routine were estimated. A second-order factor model with the original factor structure was retained. The scale showed adequate reliability coefficients except for the autonomy dimension. The correlation coefficients for external validity were all statistically significant. Finally, CASP-12 is scalar invariant across age. We conclude that the best-fitting factor structure retained allows using CASP-12 either by factors, or as an overall score, depending on the research interests. Findings related to CASP-12 measurement invariance encourage its use in the oldest-old too. When comparing the dimensions across age groups, as people age, autonomy slightly increases and the rest of the dimensions decline.

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48

Lagergren, Gunnar, and George H. Aldrich. "An Old Judge Remembers." Leiden Journal of International Law 15, no. 2 (June 2002): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156502000158.

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Gunnar Lagergren has performed many notable functions in the course of the twentieth century, most of which resulted in significant contributions to international law and, in particular, to the settlement of international disputes. As an arbitrator, he handled a number of important cases, including that between India and Pakistan concerning the Rann of Kutch and the Taba boundary arbitration between Egypt and Israel. He served with distinction on a number of important tribunals, including the European Court of Human Rights at Strasbourg and the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal at The Hague, where he was its first President.

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Black, John. "Something old, something new." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363510x481755.

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The College is a charity whose main charitable aim is to enable surgeons to achieve the highest possible standards in surgical practice. To advance our aim means influencing national politicians, which is why we asked you all recently to lobby your MPs and prospective parliamentary candidates about the problems the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) is causing for you and more importantly your patients. I will not repeat the arguments against this misguided and dangerous directive, which I know the vast majority of surgeons of all grades oppose. There are ways around it if only there is political will.

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Chupryna, Olga G. "SEMANTICS OF PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN *PER-/PRO- DERIVATIVESIN OLD ENGLISH." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Linguistics), no. 6 (2018): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-712x-2018-6-60-67.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Old European'

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