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Academic literature on the topic 'Old man and the sea'

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Journal articles on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Anonymous. "Old man and the sea." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 77, no. 2 (1996): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo077i002p00018-02.

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Bartlett, Robert H. "The old man and the I sea U." Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 77, no. 3 (September 2014): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ta.0000000000000289.

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Hartman, Melissa. "Fascinating Classics: The Old Man and the Sea." Imagine 5, no. 5 (1998): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/imag.2003.0107.

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Andersen, Jon Aarum. "An Old Man and The “Sea of Leadership”." Journal of Leadership Studies 9, no. 4 (February 2016): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jls.21422.

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Lee, Seok-young. "Narrative Techniques of The Old Man and the Sea." Journal of Modern British and American Language and Literature 33, no. 4 (November 30, 2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21084/jmball.2015.11.33.4.95.

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Radnóti, Sándor. "Claude Lorrain: An Old Man on the Sea Shore." Acta Historiae Artium 58, no. 1 (December 2017): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/170.2017.58.1.5.

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Musoffa, Dania, Akhmad Multazim, Atikasari Husna, Lutfy F. Hudayah, and Renovil Dramestika. "MAN ANXIETY AS REFLECTED IN ERNEST HEMINGWAY’S THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 02 (October 1, 2019): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190203.

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Musoffa, Dania, Akhmad Multazim, Atikasari Husna, Lutfy F. Hudayah, and Renovil Dramestika. "Man Anxiety as Reflected in Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i2.2117.

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In modern era, problems occur continuously and it triggers stress and anxiety. This study aims to describe characterization and the anxiety of the main character in ‘The Old Man and The Sea’, a novel by Ernest Hemingway. This studybelongs to library research that applied descriptive qualitative method with psychological approach. Reading and documentation techniques were used to collect the data. To analize the anxiety of the main character, a theory on psychological anxiety by Durand and Barlow were used. The result shows that: 1) the main character, Santiago, is described as a man who is kind, industrious, ambitious, powerful, smart, calm, cheerful, patient, confident and stubborn, 2) the anxieties felt by Santiago are Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Panic Disorder, Specific Phobia, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).Keywords: anxiety, Ernest Hemingway, psychological approach_________________________________________DOI > <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=10.24071%2Fjoll.2019.190203">https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190203</a>

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Mohanraj, S. G. "Man Versus Nature: Ernest Hemingway’s Irony in the Old Man and the Sea." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 14, no. 8 (June 25, 2021): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/14.8.40.

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Marchalik, Daniel, and Louise Aronson. "Destroyed but not defeated—The Old Man and the Sea." Lancet 391, no. 10137 (June 2018): 2312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31254-6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Spitler, Carole Sue. "The Old Man and the Sea: Hemingway, heteroglossia, and the hero's voice." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2381.

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In this subjective hero concept lies an intriguing aspect of Bakhtin's paradigm: A hero is not necessarily a living entity; a hero can be ideas, objects and locations. When viewed through the lens of traditional western rhetorical theory, Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea appears as a monologue wherein Santiago seemingly speaks for the author about the subject of doom and man's relationship to the world.

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Eklöf, Tobias. "The Code of the Hero : in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea." Thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Education, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-306.

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Title: The Code of the Hero in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea

Author: Tobias Eklöf

English C, 2006

Abstract: By examining the depiction of Santiago, his actions, life style and role models as well as his close relation to the author I show how he grows from an old worn out man into a true hero by following a particular stance towards life; a code. The protagonist's approach to life and being put to the supreme test of overcoming bad luck, through the struggle with the marlin, creates a hero. In addition, the depiction of Santiago in terms of undefeated nature adds to his heroic proportions. The adversity of old age and the recent bad luck force the old man to challenge and defend his claimed championship. By catching and killing the ultimate opponent he recovers his selfhood. As I will show, there are two important role models providing the old man with strength and endurance during his battles. Joe DiMaggio gives the old man courage and stands as a symbol for the right way of living, a man who defied pain to achieve greatness. The boy Manolin provides the old man with strength as he plays the role of the observer, Santiago's audience. The boy is also the inheritor of the mastership, given by the protagonist. Both Joe DiMaggio and the boy Manolin fit Santiago's code and are therefore a direct source of inspiration. The results of Santiago's actions, of living according to his code, are illustrated through the ultimate sacrifice: crucifixion. The protagonist follows his code right to the very end, and is therefore undefeated, though facing physical defeat (loosing the fish to the sharks). The parallel between the old man and Christ's passion is created as a symbol for the inevitable; we are all going to die, what matters is how we live the life we are given. Christ never abandoned his belief and he eventually was crucified. Santiago chooses to stick to his code, and confront death with grace.

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Robin, Dominic. "The Inevitability of Decay: Disability in Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea." UNF Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/833.

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With his suicide in 1961, Ernest Hemingway seemingly cemented into place his legacy as the classic image of the able-bodied, masculine man; he was, to many, the anti-disability writer, the author who lived for ability, lost ability, and took his life once he realized no chance of regaining his ability existed. Such a narrative, however, ignores the truly complicated and dynamic shape his understanding of the body took. Through an analysis of The Old Man and the Sea, I examine the form this ideology of ability took at the end of his life when, like the novella’s protagonist, Santiago, his failing health forced him to focus on the realities of the inevitable failure of his own body. Through the application of research such as David T. Mitchell and Sharon L. Snyder’s theory of narrative prosthesis, Tobin Siebers’ work on the ideology of ability, and Andrew Farah’s research on Hemingway’s declining physical condition, I demonstrate the ways The Old Man and the Sea legitimizes the disabled body, avoiding, in the process, several common narrative tropes such as the overcoming narrative or the kill-or-cure dichotomy and creating a space in which the inevitable decay of the human body must be seriously and honestly addressed. Through this research, a new more nuanced picture of Hemingway emerges, one that recognizes the complicated and dynamic nature his view of the able-bodied individual took.

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Danesand, Frida. "Hemingway's Representation of Race : Investigating Ernest Hemingway’s Depiction of Race in The Old Man and the Sea." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-49401.

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Hall, Robert L. (Robert Lee) 1956. "Natural Innocence in "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn", the Nick Adams Stories, and "The Old Man and the Sea"." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500586/.

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Hemingway claims in Green Hills of Africa that "all modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn." If this basic idea is applied to his own work, elements of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn appear in some of Hemingway's Nick Adams stories and his novel The Old Man and the Sea. All major characters and several minor characters in these works share the quality of natural innocence, composed of their primitivism, sensibility, and active morality. Hemingway's Nick, Santiago, and Manolin, and Twain's Huck Finn and Jim reflect their authors' similar backgrounds and experiences and themselves come from similar environments. These environments are directly related to their continued possession and expression of their natural innocence.

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El-Haddad, Mohamed I. "An analytical study of some aspects of literary translation : two Arabic translations of Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1999. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2053/.

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To our best knowledge this is the first attempt to investigate translation of the stylistic features involved in an interesting masterpiece of American literature, The Old Man and the Sea, written by Ernest Hemingway. This story has been translated into Arabic twice, first by Munir Ba'labaki and second by Dr Ziad Zakariyya. This thesis attempts to explore problems of literary translation from English into Arabic. It seeks to investigate some aspects of culture and style in The Old Man and the Sea and the two Arabic translations. The aim is to assess how much of the style and culture of the original has been preserved. It is also concerned with the problem of equivalence and translation units, since equivalence is considered the tool for detailed comparison. Chapter One deals with various approaches to evaluation of translation. This is done by reviewing a number of notions which have dominated the field of translation for a long time. One school believes that the act of translation is an art and that evaluation is limited to the aesthetic values of a literary work and depends largely on the critic's subjective decisions. Its objective is to provide a list of rules for the translator to follow in order to arrive at a translation of optimal value. The other school approaches translation as a linguistic operation and considers that a translation should be judged objectively, according to a linguistic analysis based on equivalence of the ST and the TT. Proponents of this view have developed models for evaluating. These models are addressed. Chapter Two is concerned with a review of certain concepts which are fundamental to literary translation. It attempts to highlight the theoretical approaches to the notion of 'equivalence', such as formal vs. dynamic and semantic vs. communicative equivalence, and different approaches to the question of translation units.

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Ng, Y. L. E. "A systemic approach to translating style : a comparative study of four Chinese translations of Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18012/.

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The visibility of translators in translated texts has been increasingly recognised, yet research on the translator’s voice and the methodological issues concerned has remained sparse. Corpus-based methods allow only limited access to the motivation of the translator’s choices, and need to be complemented by other research tools to form a coherent methodology for investigating a translator’s style. The thesis adopts an interdisciplinary approach, combining systemic linguistics and corpus studies with sociohistorical research within a descriptive framework to study the translator’s discursive presence in the text. This approach is as yet underexplored in translation studies. My work examines four Chinese translations of Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea (1952), by Hai Guan (1956), Wu Lao (1987), Li Xiyin (1987) and Zhao Shaowei (1987). The investigation concerns the rendering of transitivity, modality, direct speech and free direct thought presentation as well as the transitions of modes of point of view. It also inquires into the causes of the variation in style between the four translators. I map textual features onto specific sociocultural and ideological contexts of production in an attempt to identify correlations between them. Another objective is to test the applicability of Halliday’s transitivity model (1994) and Simpson’s model of point of view (1993) to the analysis of Chinese translated texts, and to explore possible adjustments to these models to make them serviceable for translation comparison between English and Chinese. The thesis has six chapters: (1) Theoretical approaches, methodological tools and framework, (2) Location of the texts within the sociocultural contexts, (3) Translation of the transitivity system, (4) Translation of point of view, (5) Critical analysis of individual examples and (6) Motivations for translation shifts.

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Feldman, Andrew. "L'art de l'intrigue dans les récits de L'Etranger d'Albert Camus et The Old Man and the Sea d'Ernest Hemingway : création et abîme." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040243.

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Constatant que les forces de l'intrigue animent et galvanisent toute œuvre littéraire, nous avons observé leur progression dans deux histoires marquantes du vingtième siècle : The Old Man and the Sea et L'Etranger. Hemingway et Camus utilisent l'intrigue pour affronter l'abîme de l'existence humaine, se mesurant à la mort à l'aide de personnages qui se heurtent à d'insurmontables forces, mais transcendent leur destin par un héroïsme exceptionnel. Chaque artiste écrit l'intrigue de sa propre vie, dans une lutte constante contre le désordre et la noirceur qu'il rencontre. Chacun illumine l'obscurité d'un univers incompréhensible à l'aide d'une intrigue d'idées qui donne plus de sens à l'existence. Enfin, tous deux élaborent leur " intrigue de l'art ", car chaque histoire représente un progrès artistique, remettant en question les perceptions anciennes pour innover et raviver le lien qu'entretient l'humanité avec ses valeurs sacrées. Ainsi, en écrivant L'Etranger et The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway et Camus dénouent l'éternelle rencontre entre l'homme et l'" abîme " à travers un jeu poétique ininterrompu et la constante renaissance de la création artistique
The forces of plot galvanize every work of literature, such that we examined them at work in two landmark stories of the 20th century: The Old Man and the Sea and L'Étranger. Ernest Hemingway and Albert Camus use plot to confront the abyss of human existence, opposing death with protagonists who clash against insurmountable forces yet transcend their inevitable fates through exceptional personal heroism. Each artist writes the plot of his own life, in constant struggle against the death, disorder and darkness that he encountered. Each novelist illuminates the obscurity of an inexplicable universe through a “plot of ideas,” which renders existence more meaningful. Moreover, they evolve “the plot of the history of art,” for each story represents artistic progress insofar as it revolts against previous ideas and perceptions so as to both innovate and renew humanity and connection to its sacred values. Hence in living to write the L'Étranger and The Old Man and the Sea, Hemingway and Camus resolve man´s unending encounter with “the abyss” through the essential, continuous practice of poetic play and the unremitting renaissance of artistic creation

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Seberg, Peter. "Den Litterära Hemligheten i Havet : Ett uppmärksammande av konventioner i läsningen av The Old Man and the Sea för att främja elevers litterära kompetensutveckling." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-15054.

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Syftet med det här arbetet var att ta reda på vad jag som lärare kan lyfta fram i exempeltexten The Old Man and the Sea för att främja elevers förmåga att tolka innehållet i en text. Detta har jag framfört i en analys av romanen med hjälp av Peter J. Rabinowitz teori om konventionella regler i hans bok Before Reading (1997) genom att tydliggöra hur romanen kan förstås med hjälp av de konventioner som Hemingway såväl som hans läsare har att förhålla sig till. Vad jag visat är hur dessa konventioner som jag framlagt i analysen, till exempel avvikande detaljer i texten, förhåller sig till ett mera litterärt kompetent sätt att tolka genom att koppla dem till Örjan Torells (2002) teoretiska modell för litterär kompetens.

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Althumali, Sami Jameel M. "The applicability of systemic functional linguistics to English-to-Arabic translation of fiction : assessment and training purposes, with particular reference to seven renditions of Hemingway's 'The Old Man and the Sea'." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13979/.

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Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) has garnered increasing interest and research attention and become particularly significant in many studies of translation. The present study is located within the framework of descriptive and applied Translation Studies. The thesis reports a study investigating the applicability of SFL to translating English prose fiction into Arabic. What makes this study so important is that it addresses several interrelated issues serving two vital purposes in Translation Studies: assessing translations and training translators. The two purposes are kept in balance in a well-constructed, three-phase research model, establishing the joint effect of testing the viability of SFL in English-to-Arabic translation of fiction. In the area of assessment, two SFL-based models are applied and developed. Firstly, Kim's metafunction shift analysis is applied to a 48-clause sample from seven Arabic translations of Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea. The results of this rigorous metafunctional match analysis show that Process and Circumstance top the 10-catgory list of optional shifts. The seven translations are ordered based on this matching analysis. Using the same sample, another in-depth study is carried out on three translations (those having the highest, the lowest and medial number of metafunction shifts) to examine the validity of a newly created multi-level schema of optional explicitation located beyond the scope of metafunction shift analysis model. The results demonstrate that the order of the three translations is maintained. This schema suffices to adequately describe the lexicogrammatical nature of the explicitatives (at the micro-level) and to show how this can facilitate identifying their effect on the texture of the target text (at the macro-level). Secondly, in implementing House's well-established model for translation quality assessment, three interdependent developmental processes are introduced to facilitate its application, develop its tools and gauge its efficiency. A source text Profile Template, a Match Tracer and a statistical comparative table (which can together be potentially exploited in other genres or adapted for other language pairs) are applied to the same three translations using a longer excerpt. The results show that the order of the three translations remains the same. In summary, the results of the three studies lend further support to the general premise that the SFL framework can be applied reliably in assessing Arabic translations of English fiction. The applicability of SFL is also tested empirically in the area of training. A three-month training experiment involving a sample of two groups (control and experimental) of final-year Arab university students majoring in English (40 participants each) is designed and carried out to compare the progress of performance between the two groups with and without the presence of an SFL-based translator training course. The data are gathered through initial and final exams involving assessing short Arabic translated extracts of English fiction and translating a longer extract into Arabic. The results indicate that the four sub-competences constituting the scoring rubric of the control group show an increase/decrease of 10%, -0.75%, 0.0% and 9.5% respectively, whereas in the experimental group they show a massive increase of 47.5%, 21.25%, 34.5% and 49.5% respectively. Likewise, the total rate of performance of the control group in the final exam increases slightly by 7.1%, while in the experimental group it increases greatly by 43.1%. Further, the overall percentage change between the total rate of performance of the initial and final exams for the control group is +76.3%, while for the experimental group it is + 218.8%. The pool of data is also used to explore the nature of the relationship between the two skills of assessing short Arabic translated extracts of English fiction and translating English fiction. The results demonstrate that the correlation coefficients of the two elements of relationships regarding the relevant sub-competences of the experimental group increase significantly between the initial and final exams (0.721 and 0.636), while they increase insignificantly in the control group (0.164 and 0.016). These results confirm a strong positive relationship between the two skills if the SFL-based translator training factor is strongly present. The results of this large-scale study yield the conclusion that SFL is highly effective in assessing professional English-to-Arabic translations of fiction and in training prospective translators in an academic institution.

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Books on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. [New York]: Limited Editions Club, 1990.

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Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. New York: Scribner, 1996.

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Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.

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Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. New York: Scribner Paperback Fiction, 1995.

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Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. Thorndike, Me: G.K. Hall, 1994.

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Hemingway, Ernest. The old man and the sea. New York, N.Y: Macmillan, 1987.

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The crying old man from the sea. Kampala: Angel Agencies, 2009.

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Hemingway, Ernest. Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea: Notes. Canada: Coles, 1986.

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Criswell, Jeanne Salladé. CliffsNotes Hemingway's The old man and the sea. Foster City, CA: IDG Books Worldwide, 2001.

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Brenner, Gerry. The old man and the sea: Story of a common man. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Drews, Jörg, and Frank Kelleter. "Hemingway, Ernest: The Old Man and the Sea." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1–2. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_5470-1.

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Winfield, Pamela D. "To Tame an Ox or to Catch a Fish: A Zen Reading of the Old Man and the Sea." In Chinese Culture, 275–98. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8286-5_14.

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Cope, David. "The Old Man." In On the Bridge, 66. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4830-9_62.

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Mumford, Lewis. "Old World Man." In The Transformations of Man, 81–94. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003252917-5.

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French, Goldwin, Peter Oliver, Jeanne Beck, and Maurice Careless. "The Ontario Historical Studies Series." In Old Man Ontario, x—xi. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487596064-001.

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French, Goldwin, Peter Oliver, and Jeanne Beck. "Preface." In Old Man Ontario, xii—xxvii. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487596064-002.

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Gamble, Clive. "Man the Shoveler." In The Pleistocene Old World, 81–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1817-0_6.

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"The old man of the sea." In Patterns of Redemption in Virgil's Georgics, 17–49. Cambridge University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511549410.003.

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"17. An Old Man at Sea." In Admiral Bill Halsey, 376–97. Harvard University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4159/9780674969315-019.

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Hemingway, Ernest. "The Old Man and the Sea." In Gospel Patterns in Literature, 71–78. 1517 Media, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvzcz45v.9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Geesaman, Donald F., and Wally Melnitchouk. "The old man and the sea." In ACHIEVEMENTS AND NEW DIRECTIONS IN SUBATOMIC PHYSICS: Festchrift in Honor of Tony Thomas 60th Birthday. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3479362.

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Li, Hongxia, and Xiaobing Qi. "On Manolin's Symbolic Meaning in the Old Man and the Sea." In International Conference on Humanities and Social Science 2016. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/hss-26.2016.67.

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Yang, Hong, and Zhenzhen Zhang. "Analysis of the power of the old fisherman Santiago in the old man and the sea." In 2014 International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (ICEMCT-14). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemct-14.2014.51.

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Winarsih, Sri, Marni Bawawa, Margaretha Febriany Narahawarin, Agus Kichi Hermansyah, and Adi Sumarsono. "Great Archetypal Contents in A Short Literary Work: The Old Man and The Sea." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-18.2018.281.

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Herzen, A. "DNIESTER FORTIFICATIONS ON THE OLD MAPS." In Man and Nature: Priorities of Modern Research in the Area of Interaction of Nature and Society. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2605.s-n_history_2021_44/198-207.

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Old maps of the North-Western Black Sea region of the era of antiquity (reconstructions and reproductions of works of ancient Greek and Roman authors), the Middle Ages (Arabic, Italian, etc.), the Renaissance period (A. Bianco, F. Mauro, B. Wapowski, M. Beneventano, N. de Cusa, S. Münster, I. Honter, I. Stumpf, G. Reichersdorff, M. Bronovius and others) and modern times (G. Gastaldi, A. Ortelius, V. Godreccio, A. Pograbius, G. L. Boplan , V. Hondius, J.A.B. Rizzi-Zannoni, F.V. Bawr and others) contain information about numerous fortifications on the banks of the Dniester, in the immediate vicinity of the river and within the basin. The analyzed cartographic works are key for identifying fortifications in the study area, determining the stages of the historic-geographical evolution of the region and the development of cartography in general.

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Herzen, A. "OLD MAPS OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA REGION AND THE CARTOGRAPHIC APPROACH IN SOLVING HISTORIC-GEOGRAPHICAL TASKS." In Man and Nature. Socio-natural interaction in the world-historical process. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1940.s-n_history_2020_43/13-25.

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Lin, Shanyu. "The Comparison Between the “Moby Dick” and “The Old Man and the Sea” from the Perspective of Ecocriticism." In 2020 Conference on Education, Language and Inter-cultural Communication (ELIC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201127.124.

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Zhong, Xian. "A Comparative Analysis of Three Translation Versions of The Old Man and the Sea from the Perspective of Domestication and Foreignization." In 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.109.

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Pan, Jie. "Study on the Image of San Diego from the Perspective of English Language and Literature in the Old man and the Sea." In 2017 3rd International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering (ESSAEME 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-17.2017.272.

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Purwaningsih, Tri, Mangatur Nababan, and Riyadi Santosa. "Translation Analysis of Circumstances in The Novel "The Old Man and The Sea" by Ernest Hemingway and Its Indonesian Translation by Yuni Kristianingsih." In Proceedings of the 5th Asia Pasific Education Conference (AECON 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aecon-18.2018.45.

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Reports on the topic "Old man and the sea"

Pshezhetskiy, Dmitry, Tanveer Alam, and Heba Alshaker. Unsynchronised Cardioversion as a Cause of Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation. Nature Library, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47496/nl.ccr.2020.01.02.

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Background: Synchronised cardioversion (SC) is used to terminate tachycardic arrhythmia by applying electric current to the thorax. SC is synchronised to the R wave of the cardiac cycle and ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) can occur if an electrical shock is provided in a nonsynchronised way. Case Presentation: Here we present a case of a 66-year-old man who had elective cardioversion for atrial fibrillation worsened by severe left ventricular impairment. A manual defibrillator was used for the cardioversion, which, after the first synchronised shock, reverted to defibrillator mode. An unsynchronised shock was administered and induced VT, which was reverted to sinus rhythm with a defibrillation shock. Conclusion: When using manual defibrillator for SC, the machine needs to be set to a synchronised mode. The synchronisation to the R wave needs to be checked before every shock.

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Canadas, Ana. Beaked Whales and Pilot Whales in the Alboran Sea (SW Mediterranean): Research Towards Improved Science-Based Mitigation Strategies for Risks from Man-Made Sound. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541598.

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Spoors, F., C. D. B. Leakey, and M. A. James. Coast to ocean: a Fife-eye view: ocean literacy in Fife, Scotland. Scottish Oceans Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23981.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] Ocean Literacy (OL), or Ocean Citizenship, is the basis of a movement to sway positive, lasting change in communities that will benefit the sea, coast and climate. An ocean literate person is understanding of the ocean’s influence on their own lives, as well as the way that their behaviours influence the ocean and is knowledgeable concerning ocean threats. A degree of informed-ness (or ‘literacy’) is thought to inspire effective communication and allow for impactful decision-making regarding personal lifestyle and behaviours, which are subsequently beneficial to the marine and coastal environment. Not only that, a collective OL mindset may be translated into policy, informing marine spatial planning authorities of people’s expectations regarding their marine and coastal spaces.

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Yaron, Zvi, Abigail Elizur, Martin Schreibman, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695841.bard.

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Both the genes and cDNA sequences encoding the b-subunits of black carp LH and FSH were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis of the bcFSHb and LHb5'flanking regions revealed that the promoter region of both genes contains canonical TATA sequences, 30 bp and 17 bp upstream of the transcription start site of FSHb and LHb genes, respectively. In addition, they include several sequences of cis-acting motifs, required for inducible and tissue-specific transcriptional regulation: the gonadotropin-specific element (GSE), GnRH responsive element (GRE), half sites of estrogen and androgen response elements, cAMP response element, and AP1. Several methods have been employed by the Israeli team to purify the recombinant b subunits (EtOH precipitation, gel filtration and lentil lectin). While the final objective to produce pure recombinantGtH subunits has not yet been achieved, we have covered much ground towards this goal. The black carp ovary showed a gradual increase in both mass and oocyte diameter. First postvitellogenic oocytes were found in 5 yr old fish. At this age, the testes already contained spermatozoa. The circulating LH levels increased from 0.5 ng/ml in 4 yr old fish to >5ng/ml in 5 yr old fish. In vivo challenge experiments in black carp showed the initial LH response of the pituitary to GnRH in 4 yr old fish. The response was further augmented in 5 yr old fish. The increase in estradiol level in response to gonadotropic stimulation was first noted in 4 yr old fish but this response was much stronger in the following year. In vivo experiments on the FSHb and LHb mRNA levels in response to GnRH were carried out on common carp as a model for synchronom spawning cyprinids. These experiments showed the prevalence of FSHP in maturing fish while LHP mRNA was prevalent in mature fish, especially in females. The gonadal fat-pad was found to originate from the retroperitoneal mesoderm and not from the genital ridge, thus differing from that reported in certain amphibians This tissue possibly serves as the major source of sex steroids in the immature black carp. However, such a function is taken over by the developing gonads in 4 yr old fish. In the striped bass, we described the ontogeny of the neuro-endocrine parameters along the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis during the first four years of life, throughout gonadal development and the onset of puberty. We also described the responsiveness of the reproductive axis to long-term hormonal manipulations at various stages of gonadal development. Most males reached complete sexual maturity during the first year of life. Puberty was initiated during the third year of life in most females, but this first reproductive cycle did not lead to the acquisition of full sexual maturity. This finding indicates that more than one reproductive cycle may be required before adulthood is reached. Out of the three native GnRHs present in striped bass, only sbGnRH and cGnRH II increased concomitantly with the progress of gonadal development and the onset of puberty. This finding, together with data on GtH synthesis and release, suggests that while sbGnRH and cGnRH II may be involved in the regulation of puberty in striped bass, these neuropeptides are not limiting factors to the onset of puberty. Plasma LH levels remained low in all fish, suggesting that LH plays only a minor role in early gonadal development. This hypothesis was further supported by the finding that experimentally elevated plasma LH levels did not result in the induction of complete ovarian and testicular development. The acquisition of complete puberty in 4 yr old females was associated with a rise in the mRNA levels of all GtH subunit genes, including a 218-fold increase in the mRNA levels of bFSH. mRNA levels of the a and PLH subunits increased only 11- and 8-fold, respectively. Although data on plasma FSH levels are unavailable, the dramatic increase in bFSH mRNA suggests a pivotal role for this hormone in regulating the onset and completion of puberty in striped bass. The hormonal regulation of the onset of puberty and of GtH synthesis and release was studied by chronic administration of testosterone (T) and/or an analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G). Sustained administration of T+G increased the mRNA levels of the PLH subunit to the values characteristic of sexually mature fish, and also increased the plasma levels of LH. However, these changes did not result in the acceleration of sexual maturation. The mRNA levels of the bFSH subunit were slightly stimulated, but remained about 1/10 of the values characteristic of sexually mature fish. It is concluded that the stimulation of FSH gene expression and release does not lead to the acceleration of sexual maturity, and that the failure to sufficiently stimulate the bFSH subunit gene expression may underlie the inability of the treatments to advance sexual maturity. Consequently, FSH is suggested to be the key hormone to the initiation and completion of puberty in striped bass. Future efforts to induce precocious puberty in striped bass should focus on understanding the regulation of FSH synthesis and release and on developing technologies to induce these processes. Definite formulation of hormonal manipulation to advance puberty in the striped bass and the black carp seems to be premature at this stage. However, the project has already yielded a great number of experimental tools of DNA technology, slow-release systems and endocrine information on the process of puberty. These systems and certain protocols have been already utilized successfully to advance maturation in other fish (e.g. grey mullet) and will form a base for further study on fish puberty.

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Kislev, Yoav, Ramon Lopez, and Ayal Kimhi. Intergenerational Transfers by Farmers under Different Institutional Environments. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604936.bard.

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This research studies the issues of intergenerational transfers in general and farm succession in particular in two different institutional environments. One is the relatively unregulated farm sector in the United States, and the other is the heavily regulated family farms in Israeli moshavim. Most of the analysis is based on modern economic theory dealing with inheritance and other intergenerational issues. However, we start with two background studies. One is a review of the legal system affecting farm succession in the moshav, which, as we claim throughout the report, is of major importance to the question in hand. The second is an ethnographical study aimed at documenting various inheritance and succession practices in different moshavim. These two studies provide insight for most of the economic studies included here. The theoretical studies mostly deal with various aspects of two major decisions faced by farmers: who will succeed them on the farm, and when will succession take place. The first decision clearly depends on the institutional structure: for instance, Israeli farmers are limited to one successor while American farmers are not. The second decision can be taken in three stages: sharing farm work with the successor, sharing farm management, and eventually transferring the ownership. The occurrence and length of each stage depend on the first decision as well as on the institutional structure directly. The empirical studies are aimed at analyzing the practices and considerations of Israeli and American farmers regarding various intergenerational transfers-related issues. We found that American farmers' decisions are mainly driven by the desire to let the farm prosper in future generations and by a preference for equal treatment of heirs, and not at all by old-age support considerations. In contrast, we demonstrate the significant effect of old-age support on the value of the transferred farm in a sample of Israeli farms. Using Israeli census data, we find that the time of farm ownership transfer responds to economic incentives. A smaller Israeli panel data set shows that controlling for the occurrence of succession, farm size rises with operator's age and eventually falls, while intensity of production seems to decline steadily. This explains another finding, that farm transfer contributed significantly to farm growth when farming was attractive to successors. This finding supports our main conclusion, that the succession decisions are of major importance to the viability and profitability of family farms over the long run.

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Comerford, Milo, and Simeon Dukic. Ekstremizam na Internetu: Izazovi i Prilike na Zapadnom Balkanu. RESOLVE Network, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.9.wb.

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Zapadni Balkan suočava se s dvostrukim izazovom ekstremizma na internetu. Internetske pla orme olakšavaju posebno izlaganje regije raznolikim međunarodnim ekstremističkim narativima. Istodobno se ekstremističke akcije i nara vi iz cijelog svijeta opravdavaju regionalnim povijes ma i geopolitikom. Međutim, navedeni je fenomen dio većeg trenda koji naglašava sve veći izazov koji stvara širenje transnacionalnih ekstremističkih ideologija na internetskim platformama: od nasilnih džihadista do ekstremne desnice. Na zapadnom Balkanu to podrazumijeva niz posebnih rizika.

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Shtuni, Adrian. Nužnost Reintegracije: Djeca Povratnici u Zapadnom Balkanu. RESOLVE Network, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.3.wb.

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Od 2012. godine 1070 državljana zemalja zapadnog Balkana o šlo je živje i bori se na teritorijima pod kontrolom teroris čkih organizacija u Siriji i Iraku. Od h državljana, otprilike 200 njih bili su maloljetnici u trenutku odlaska. Tijekom godina na području sukoba u Siriji i Iraku državljanima zapadnog Balkana rodilo se još mnogo više djece. Do kraja 2019. godine oko 485 osoba vra lo se domovima, zbog čega regija zapadnog Balkana ima najveću koncentraciju povratnika iz Sirije i Iraka u Europi. Još su sto ne ljudi, uglavnom maloljetnika, ostale zarobljene u nesigurnim uvje ma u Siriji s neizvjesnim izgledima za povratak. Mnoge zemlje nisu sigurne što učini s državljanima koji su otputovali da bi živjeli i borili se u „kalifatu” Islamske države. Među m, iskustvo i razumijevanje u pogledu onoga što olakšava učinkovitu uključenost povratnika iz Sirije, osobito djece povratnika, još je uvijek u početcima. Ovom se studijom o poli ci pružaju preporuke o načinima pristupa rehabilitaciji i reintegraciji djece povratnika na zapadnom Balkanu kombiniranjem novih dobrih praksi s vodećim načelima konvencija, ugovora i protokola usredotočenih na prava djece.

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Orning, Tanja. Professional identities in progress – developing personal artistic trajectories. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.544616.

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We have seen drastic changes in the music profession during the last 20 years, and consequently an increase of new professional opportunities, roles and identities. We can see elements of a collective identity in classically trained musicians who from childhood have been introduced to centuries old, institutionalized traditions around the performers’ role and the work-concept. Respect for the composer and his work can lead to a fear of failure and a perfectionist value system that permeates the classical music. We have to question whether music education has become a ready-made prototype of certain trajectories, with a predictable outcome represented by more or less generic types of musicians who interchangeably are able play the same, limited canonized repertoire, in more or less the same way. Where is the resistance and obstacles, the detours and the unique and fearless individual choices? It is a paradox that within the traditional master-student model, the student is told how to think, play and relate to established truths, while a sustainable musical career is based upon questioning the very same things. A fundamental principle of an independent musical career is to develop a capacity for critical reflection and a healthy opposition towards uncontested truths. However, the unison demands for modernization of institutions and their role cannot be solved with a quick fix, we must look at who we are and who we have been to look at who we can become. Central here is the question of how the music students perceive their own identity and role. To make the leap from a traditional instrumentalist role to an artist /curator role requires commitment in an entirely different way. In this article, I will examine question of identity - how identity may be constituted through musical and educational experiences. The article will discuss why identity work is a key area in the development of a sustainable music career and it will investigate how we can approach this and suggest some possible ways in this work. We shall see how identity work can be about unfolding possible future selves (Marcus & Nurius, 1986), develop and evolve one’s own personal journey and narrative. Central is how identity develops linguistically by seeing other possibilities: "identity is formed out of the discourses - in the broadest sense - that are available to us ..." (Ruud, 2013). The question is: How can higher music education (HME) facilitate students in their identity work in the process of constructing their professional identities? I draw on my own experience as a classically educated musician in the discussion.

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Thomas, Müller. The 1946 - 1956 Hydrographic Data Archive at the Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel, digitized: a data guide. GEOMAR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/geomar_rep_ns_58_2021.

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This report is thought as a guide to early hydrographic log sheets of bottle data obtained by the former Institut für Meereskunde, Kiel (IFMK, now integrated into GEOMAR) in the post-war years 1946 to 1956, and which in summer 2018 when a building used by GEOMAR was to clear were not available in digitized format at GEOMAR. The data mostly were taken by the research cutter FK “Südfall” in the Baltic. It turned out that some of these data from 1950 to 1956 were available in digitized form at the on-line data bank of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). Comparison with the original logged data sheets, however, showed that they needed to be improved w/r to time and position and to be completed by missing data. This report shortly describes the methods of sampling and measuring these old data, and the processing steps applied to improve the data set by using the data log sheets before archiving and submitting the now improved and complete data set to data centres for archiving.

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Tweet, Justin S., Vincent L. Santucci, Kenneth Convery, Jonathan Hoffman, and Laura Kirn. Channel Islands National Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2278664.

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Channel Island National Park (CHIS), incorporating five islands off the coast of southern California (Anacapa Island, San Miguel Island, Santa Barbara Island, Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island), has an outstanding paleontological record. The park has significant fossils dating from the Late Cretaceous to the Holocene, representing organisms of the sea, the land, and the air. Highlights include: the famous pygmy mammoths that inhabited the conjoined northern islands during the late Pleistocene; the best fossil avifauna of any National Park Service (NPS) unit; intertwined paleontological and cultural records extending into the latest Pleistocene, including Arlington Man, the oldest well-dated human known from North America; calichified “fossil forests”; records of Miocene desmostylians and sirenians, unusual sea mammals; abundant Pleistocene mollusks illustrating changes in sea level and ocean temperature; one of the most thoroughly studied records of microfossils in the NPS; and type specimens for 23 fossil taxa. Paleontological research on the islands of CHIS began in the second half of the 19th century. The first discovery of a mammoth specimen was reported in 1873. Research can be divided into four periods: 1) the few early reports from the 19th century; 2) a sustained burst of activity in the 1920s and 1930s; 3) a second burst from the 1950s into the 1970s; and 4) the modern period of activity, symbolically opened with the 1994 discovery of a nearly complete pygmy mammoth skeleton on Santa Rosa Island. The work associated with this paleontological resource inventory may be considered the beginning of a fifth period. Fossils were specifically mentioned in the 1938 proclamation establishing what was then Channel Islands National Monument, making CHIS one of 18 NPS areas for which paleontological resources are referenced in the enabling legislation. Each of the five islands of CHIS has distinct paleontological and geological records, each has some kind of fossil resources, and almost all of the sedimentary formations on the islands are fossiliferous within CHIS. Anacapa Island and Santa Barbara Island, the two smallest islands, are primarily composed of Miocene volcanic rocks interfingered with small quantities of sedimentary rock and covered with a veneer of Quaternary sediments. Santa Barbara stands apart from Anacapa because it was never part of Santarosae, the landmass that existed at times in the Pleistocene when sea level was low enough that the four northern islands were connected. San Miguel Island, Santa Cruz Island, and Santa Rosa Island have more complex geologic histories. Of these three islands, San Miguel Island has relatively simple geologic structure and few formations. Santa Cruz Island has the most varied geology of the islands, as well as the longest rock record exposed at the surface, beginning with Jurassic metamorphic and intrusive igneous rocks. The Channel Islands have been uplifted and faulted in a complex 20-million-year-long geologic episode tied to the collision of the North American and Pacific Places, the initiation of the San Andreas fault system, and the 90° clockwise rotation of the Transverse Ranges, of which the northern Channel Islands are the westernmost part. Widespread volcanic activity from about 19 to 14 million years ago is evidenced by the igneous rocks found on each island.

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