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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Old towns

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Academic literature on the topic 'Old towns'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Old towns"

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Dijokienė, Dalia. "ISTORINIAI PRIEMIESČIAI SENAMIESČIŲ STRUKTŪROJE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 33, no. 2 (June 30, 2009): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921630.2009.33.92-99.

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Attention is drawn to the fact that the borders of majority of protected old towns in Lithuania are juridical rather than structural. This complicates protection of these territories. The following concepts are defined: historic town, old town, historic kernel of town, historic suburb. Urban characteristics (plan, buildup, size-and-space composition) of the historic suburbs of Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipėda and Kėdainiai that are within the borders of the old towns are described in a summarized way. The components of the old towns (historic town’s kernel and historic suburbs) are distinguished in the illustrating material. Santrauka Atkreipiamas dėmesys į tai, kad daugumos saugomų Lietuvos senamiesčių ribos yra juridinės, o ne struktūrinės – tai sukelia nemažai problemų realizuojant šių teritorijų apsaugą. Apibrėžiamos sąvokos: istorinis miestas, senamiestis, istorinis miesto branduolys, istorinis priemiestis. Apibendrintai aptariami Vilniaus, Kauno, Klaipėdos ir Kėdainių istorinių priemiesčių, esančių senamiesčiuose, urbanistiniai ypatumai – plano, užstatymo ir tūrinės erdvinės kompozicijos savitumai. Iliustracijose grafiškai išskiriamos senamiesčių sudėtinės dalys – istorinis miesto branduolys ir istoriniai priemiesčiai.

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Corfield, Penelope J. "New Approaches for Old Towns?" Journal of Urban History 23, no. 1 (November 1996): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009614429602300104.

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Musiaka, Łukasz, Paweł Sudra, and Tomasz Spórna. "Spatial Chaos as a Result of War Damage and Post-War Transformations. Example of the Small Town of Węgorzewo." Land 10, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10050541.

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World War II’s military activities and the post-war devastation period destroyed many European cities and towns. One of the areas that was struck the most was former East Prussia, currently located in Poland and the Kaliningrad Region (the Russian Federation). In addition to the destruction of cities, which are strategically and economically important, small towns have also suffered. An example of such a town is Węgorzewo, where the scale of destruction of the pre-war urban tissue exceeded 80%, and the old town’s built-up area practically ceased to exist. This town magnifies most of the processes and spatial problems characteristic of Central and Eastern Europe’s towns of the “metamorphic” type. Post-war zoning during the Polish People’s Republic period, in the spirit of constructing a socialist town and bypassing the original spatial arrangement, brought about irreversible changes in the urban tissue. This was reflected in the break with the town’s original layout and the creation of modernist buildings. The changes were solidified or even deepened during the economic and political transition of the 1990s in Poland. Today, decades after the end of World War II, despite taking corrective measures, the town is still facing the problem of spatial chaos. Its morphological and physiognomic manifestations in the lack of a central public space, the loss of its historic character, the disharmonization of the urban landscape, and the dispersed development are the main subjects of this article’s analysis. This study uses a diverse methodological apparatus consisting of an analysis of the town’s morphological transformations, an analysis of the physiognomy of the urban landscape and architecture, in situ studies, and an analysis of municipal documents and expert interviews. In the discussion, the study results are embedded in the context of the cases of other European cities and towns. The conclusions indicate the risks to the formation of spatial order in Węgorzewo and possible paths of action.

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Jia, Yuan Yuan, and Jian Yu. "Current Preservation and Development State of Traditional Changzhen (Old Towns)’ Landscape Features." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.310.

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Old towns is like living fossil which has accumulated rich historical connotations; the one carrying the history of a region’ political, economic, cultural and ecological changes as well as the formative art created by collective labors and wisdoms of generations. The preservation of ancient Chinese dwellings and old towns began late; many historical architectures and traditional country fairs are forcibly removed during the transformation of old cities and towns, thus ancient towns with their original historical looks are becoming less and less. In comparison, the preservation and development of old western towns started earlier than china, with rich experience, they offer good examples for china, especially the successful developing way: eco-tourism. By comparing the preservation and development of traditional Chinese towns’ landscape features to that of western ones, this paper points out that the future development of old towns rely on proper handling of the relation between preserving and the feasibility of renewing, so as to maintain the landscape features of old towns in the course of sustainable development.

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황계화 and 정강화. "Comparison Study on Street Furniture guideline between New Towns and Old Towns." Journal of Digital Design 10, no. 2 (April 2010): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17280/jdd.2010.10.2.027.

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Dijokiene, Dalia. "Evaluation of the transformation potential of urbanised landscape (Vilnius case)." Landscape architecture and art 13 (December 10, 2018): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2018.13.03.

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The article analyzes the evaluation of the transformation potential of valuable urbanised landscape. Many of the old towns formed as valuable urbanised landscapes. However, the transformation of urban structures of viable cities, which also entails transformation of urbanised landscapes, is inevitable. Basically, there are only two ways of transformation – either it happens in its own way or it can be professionally controlled. In this article the problem of urbanised landscape transformation is illustrated by the analytical work carried out for the eastern part of the Old Town of Vilnius (UNESCO heritage site). In the eastern part of the Old Town of Vilnius there are two architectural ensembles that form the characteristic panoramas and silhouettes of the Old Town. In this part of the city, various new built-up initiatives have been active since 2007. The article discusses the urban research, the purpose of which was to answer the question about the potential height of the newly designed built up in a former historic suburb of Vilnius. The potential impact of new buildings on the panoramas, silhouettes, dominant elements, and perspectives as well as nominal spaces of that concrete street of the historical suburb is assessed based on the analysis of the towns cape seen from typical external and internal viewing points of the Old Town. The article describes an integrated method of assessing visual effect on the urbanised landscape.

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Gritsenko, V. V., L. V. Ostapenko, and I. A. Subbotina. "The Importance of Civil, Ethnic and Regional Identity for Residents from Small Russian Towns and its Determinants." Social Psychology and Society 11, no. 4 (2020): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2020110412.

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Objective. The objective of the study is to analyze the subjective significance attached by residents of small towns to civil, ethnic and regional identities and to identify its determinants. Background. The growth of uncertainty and social and economic instability in society actualize the processes in the social identification of the person. Under these conditions the study of civic, ethnic and regional identities of residents from provincial towns in the Russian Federation as an important resource for group solidarity is of particular importance. Study design. The authors rely on H. Tajfel and J. Turner’s theory of social identity. We conducted a survey among residents in the town Belev, Tula region, and the town Staritsa, Tver region, characterized by mono-ethnicity, negative demographic dynamics, remoteness from the capital and its regional centers. Participants. The study involved 600 ethnic Russians (50.8% women). The quota sample in both towns included three age groups: 16—29 years old, 30—49 years old, 50 and older, each group included 100 people. Measurements. The questionnaire was developed and tested at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences. The questions are aimed at determining the identification degree of respondents with various social groups, as well as assessing satisfaction with various aspects of life and confidence in their own future and the future of their town. For data processing we used methods of descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test, multiple regression analysis, SPSS 18.0. Results. We have found high rates of subjective significance of civic, ethnic and regional identities for respondents. Moreover residents of small towns identify themselves more with representatives of their folk, less with residents of their town/region and even less with citizens of their country. The determinants of the subjective significance in the investigated types of identity for old people are satisfaction with various aspects of life, while residents in town Belev have unlimited love for their native town, pride and faith in its future prosperity. Conclusions. The study showed that residents of small towns are looking for reliance, support and protection, primarily in identification with their ethnic group. The resource for maintaining positive self-determination is also regional identity. Moreover regional identity in this case plays an important consolidating role acting as a mechanism for the social integration of civil society.

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Kusenbach, Margarethe. "Newcomers to Old Towns: Suburbanization of the Heartland." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 33, no. 5 (September 2004): 570–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009430610403300538.

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Craig, Verdie A. "Newcomers to Old Towns: Suburbanization of the Heartland." Journal of Rural Studies 20, no. 4 (October 2004): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2004.01.001.

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BARLETT, PEGGY F. "Newcomers to Old Towns: Suburbanization of the Heartland." American Anthropologist 106, no. 4 (December 2004): 776–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2004.106.4.776.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Old towns"

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Lee, Helen. "New towns in old places : rethinking the new town development strategy /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22284837.

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Chan, Shuk-ling Linda. "The revitalization of Yuen Long Old Market." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949494.

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Lee, Helen, and 李麗芳. "New towns in old places: rethinking the new town development strategy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260299.

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Sengupta, Ranabir. "Perception of old towns, historicism, and temporality." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79943.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1986.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-162).
The crux of this inquiry deals with one of the qualities which have been attributed by architectural and urban design theorists to the old, traditional town - its overwhelming sense of visual unity. In this study, it is argued that this unity is somewhat of a perceptual aberration which might arise out of structuring the perceptions of the old town in terms of its common denominator of oldness. The all-pervading sense of age could, to a certain extent erase other irregularities, so that the old town may be cognized with a powerful sense of unity. The first part of the study plants this central issue within the larger context of architectural theories and practice. Certain aspects of the theories of Christopher Alexander and Aldo van Eyck which are contingent upon the issue of the old town are expounded. The issue is also linked with the widespread architectural movement in the eastern world to create a culturally and socially responsive architecture. An important corollary of this movement is the imagery of the old town. The second part of the study deals with a perceptual test conducted to gain some insight into how old buildings are perceived. Rome has been taken as a case for this inquiry. Finally, in the third part, attempts are made to explain the results of the test through phenomenological means. Certain notions of temporality which impinge upon the perception of the old town are briefly touched upon. The social and cultural intentions with which architects seek inspiration in such towns are also touched upon to gain a greater understanding of the central issue.
by Ranabir Sengupta.
M.S.

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Wong, Ka-man Carmen. "Searching for uniqueness and preservation : revitalization of old Yuen Long Market Town /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25803487.

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陳淑玲 and Shuk-ling Linda Chan. "The revitalization of Yuen Long Old Market." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31982281.

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王家敏 and Ka-man Carmen Wong. "Searching for uniqueness and preservation: revitalization of old Yuen Long Market Town." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980120.

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Svensson, Jan. "Towns and toponyms in the Old Testament : with special emphasis on Joshua 14-21 /." Stockholm : Almqvist och Wiksell, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35659428s.

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Jiang, Peng. "Dense urbanism at the old edge: conflict and reconciliation of streets and buildings." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29699.

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In the last few decades, new centers have emerged at the edges of traditional cities and pre-World War II suburbs. As these evolve, do they converge towards the urban forms of traditional cities? This question is explored based on a study of urban areas in the Atlanta Metropolitan Region. Atlanta Downtown, Decatur and Marietta, are compared to the new centers in Buckhead, Cumberland and Perimeter. The evolution of the street network of Buckhead is examined in detail. The morphological history of a particular urban block in Buckheadâ "the Tower Place blockâ "is documented. Morphological analysis, focusing on street patterns, block shapes and sizes, property boundaries and building footprints, is complemented by Space Syntax, focusing on the structure of street networks and connectivity. It is shown that new urban centers tend to grow on very large blocks accessed through major transportation infrastructure, but situated in otherwise sparse and fragmentary street environments. As these centers grow and as the density of land use increases, a secondary private road system is created, to take advantage of development potential and provide access to major building investments. The effective fragmentation of the large blocks suggests a pattern of metric convergence towards an optimum block size. In traditional cities, however, the street network is stable over time and acts as the framework for changes in architecture and land use. In the new centers, the secondary road system serves to access particular private investments without regard to the creation of a public framework of connections. From a syntactic point of view, the new centers are spatially unintelligible, thus substantially diverging from traditional cities, even as they accommodate dense mixed use developments. The thesis points to the need of developing and using subdivision regulations and zoning classifications in order to better regulate the spatial structure of new urban centers in the future.

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Lupo, Silvia. "Territorial appropriation during the Old Kingdom (XXVIIIth-XXIIIth centuries BC) : the royal necropolises and the pyramid towns in Egypt /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41097994t.

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Books on the topic "Old towns"

1

M, Lang Elsie, ed. Old English towns. London: Bracken Books, 1985.

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Old townscapes of China. Beijing: Foreign Languge Press, 2008.

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Thomsen, Clint. GHOST TOWNS: LOST CITIES OF THE OLD WEST. Botley, Oxford: SHIRE PUBLICATIONS, 2012.

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Dalian gu zhen: The old towns of Dalian. Beijing Shi: Fang zhi chu ban she, 2011.

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Newcomers to old towns: Suburbanization of the heartland. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

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I, Komech A., ed. Old Russian cities. London: L. King, 1991.

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Barnard, Edwin. Capturing time: Panoramas of old Australia. Canberra: National Library of Australia, 2012.

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Mercat cross and tolbooth: Understanding Scotland's old burghs. Edinburgh: J. Donald, 1988.

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Lao Zhaohua: Tan xun gu zhen = the old Zhaohua : in search of old towns. Chengdu Shi: Sichuan mei shu chu ban she, 2010.

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Beijing gu qiang: Old walls of Beijing. Beijing Shi: Guo jia tu shu guan chu ban she, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Old towns"

1

Szende, Katalin. "Coping with Old Age in Medieval Hungarian Towns." In On Old Age, 197–216. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.hdl-eb.4.3010.

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Friedman, Avi. "Preserving the Old." In Fundamentals of Sustainable Urban Renewal in Small and Mid-Sized Towns, 169–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74464-3_6.

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Jucker, Michael. "Urban Literacy and Urban Secrecy? Some New Approaches to an Old Problem." In Writing and the Administration of Medieval Towns, 231–41. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.usml-eb.1.101936.

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Giuffrida, Salvatore, Chiara Circo, Margherita Giuffrè, Maria Rosa Trovato, and Vittoria Ventura. "Seismic Vulnerability and Old Towns. A Cost-Based Programming Model." In Appraisal and Valuation, 3–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49579-4_1.

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Chirisa, Innocent, Elmond Bandauko, and Archimedes Muzenda. "Establishment of New Satellite Towns in Zimbabwe: Old Wine in New Skins?" In SpringerBriefs in Geography, 105–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34231-3_9.

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Kerswill, Paul, and Ann Williams. "Dialect Recognition and Speech Community Focusing in New and Old Towns in England." In Handbook of Perceptual Dialectology, 175–206. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.hpd2.16ker.

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Lang, Thilo. "Socio-Economic Regeneration Initiatives and Strategic Governance in Old Industrial Towns Outside of Agglomerations." In Making Strategies in Spatial Planning, 147–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3106-8_9.

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Yan, Yangzhi, Haoyu Li, Tong Wang, and Kunhui Ye. "Study on the Integrated Development Strategy of Ecotypic Old Towns in the Suburban Area—A Case Study of Yanfeng Town, Haikou." In Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 283–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8892-1_20.

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South, Stanley. "Old Town Plantation." In Archaeological Pathways to Historic Site Development, 109–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1349-0_4.

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Poschlod, Klaus. "Regensburg Old Town." In Natural Stone and World Heritage, 54–58. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367823061-11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Old towns"

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Liu, Jingkuang, Jiangfeng Li, and Jian Zhu. "Research on the Index System of Comprehensive Benefits of the Reconstruction of Old Factory Buildings, Old Villages, and Old Towns." In ICCREM 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479377.006.

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Kariuki, Catherine, Nicky Nzioki, and Jennifer Murigu. "THE IMPACT OF AN ACTIVE REAL ESTATE MARKETS IN DESGNATED UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE TOWNS, THE CASE OF OLD LAMU TOWN IN KENYA." In 14th African Real Estate Society Conference. African Real Estate Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/afres2014_130.

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Turaga, Vasanta Sobha. "Fading urban memories: status of conservation of historic Samsthan/Zamindari Palaces in Small and medium town master plans in Telangana, India." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/wzuc7012.

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‘Public memores’ are an imporant aspect in preserving a place’s culture and heritage. Actions of the government and society many times define/redefine identities of places, impacting collective memory of people in perceiving places. Conscious efforts are required to make and keep public memories alive. Insensitive and uninformed Urban Planning can lead to erasing history and heritage not just physically but from public memories as well. This Paper discusses the issues of Fading Urban Memories by taking case studies of two historic towns in the South Indian State of Telangana. Most of the Small & Medium Towns in Telangana, India, developed over the last two centuries from their historic core areas of the Capitals of erstwhile Samsthans/Zamindaris, land revenue admistration units/sub-regional authorities under the British and the Princely States’ Rulesin India till Independence in 1947. These Samsthans/Zamindars/ Jagirdars were ‘Chieftains’ of their own territories and ruled from ‘Palaces’ located in their Capital city/town. The palaces and historic areas of old Samsthan/Zamindari settlements represent local histories whose significance, memory, heritage needs to be preserved for posterity. Gadwa and Wanaparthy were two such towns, which developed mid-17 Century onwards becoming present day Municipalities of different Grades. The Department of Town and Country Planning, Govt. Of Telangana, prepares Master Plans for development of Municipalities. The surviving Fort/Palaces is marked by their present land use in the development plans, unrecognized for thier heritage status, thus posing threat to heritage being erased from collective Urban memory. The case studies presented in this paper are from the ongoing doctoral research work being done by the author at School of Planning and Architecture, Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, Hyderabad, on the topic of ‘Planning for Conservation of Samshtan/Zamindari Palaces of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh’.

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Jankova, Liga, Andrejs Lazdins, Madara Dobele, and Aina Dobele. "Topicality of crafts in the development of Jelgava old town quarter." In 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.53.019.

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The development of small towns in Latvia is strongly affected by the growth of the tourism industry. New tourism products and sightseeing objects are created to develop local tourism and increase the number of visitors to cities/regions owing to municipal support. It has been found that in artisanal quarters, product sales and educational masterclasses create a new added value for tourism, thereby contributing to the sustainable development of the area. The first part of the research explained the role of crafts and artisans in urban development. The second part of the research performed a comparison of the operational patterns of current houses and centres of crafts, conducted an expert survey of administrators of the houses and centres of crafts and identified the demand for artisan products by the population and their interests in the development of the Jelgava Old Town street quarter. The research has concluded that in order for crafts to survive, national and local government support is needed for creating houses, centres, quarters and streets of crafts, improving the infrastructure for artisans to work and for tourists to visit them. Municipalities need to develop and implement a policy and a programme for craft development. Crafts have transformed into the cultural industry and in many autonomous communities, the craft competences have merged with tourism and contributed to a broad supply of products and have become important for the development of the area. Overall, the number of visitors to some Jelgava city tourism facilities increased in 2018, yet the total number of visitors decreased. This indicates that the city needs new local tourism facilities. Four operational patterns of houses and centres of crafts were identified in Latvia. Crafts as an important and supportive activity to be developed are incorporated in a number of European, national, Zemgale planning region, Jelgava city and region development strategies and programmes, thereby emphasizing the support needed for traditional artisan activities. Respondents highly rated the need for a house of crafts in the Jelgava Old Town street quarter – 45% expressed very convincing opinions, while 42% rated it as average. The main benefits in the context of craft functions pertain to the cultural and historical heritage and social value. Further research studies are needed to analyse the economic and creative/innovative functions of crafts.

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Sabelli, Martha. "Old women and tablets: information behaviour in unfavourable contexts and social mediators." In ISIC: the Information Behaviour Conference. University of Borås, Borås, Sweden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47989/irisic2007.

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Introduction. In Uruguay, the Ibirapitá Plan provides a tablet for every low-income retired woman. That motivated the research of old women’s information behaviour related to access and use of inclusive information for overcoming their disinformation. This work has the following purposes: (i) contributing to research focused on knowing and interpreting the role of social mediators and old women in the processes of access, search and appropriation of information using the Plan’s tablets; (ii) investigating users' needs of local information; and, (iii) offering such information in a participatory design of a digital solution for tablets by an interdisciplinary team. Methods. A mix of methods was applied using a questionnaire and mainly qualitative methods: in-depth interviews with qualified informants and trainers, observation of tablet-distribution workshops, focus groups and validation workshops of the digital solution designed for tablets applied in two capital cities and two small towns with the collaboration of community organisations. Analysis of the results.The analysis of the results is presented according to five dimensions of analysis and the questions that the research seeks to respond to. Discussion and conclusion. The affirmations and experiences raised regarding the technological device open a wide range of challenges to overcome and learning opportunities both for tablet users and for the production, content management and future designs of search interfaces.

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He, Liping, Ying Dong, Xueguang He, and Bupei Li. "The Application of qInternet plus Old Town Protectionq in Old Town of Lijiang." In 2015 International Conference on Economics, Social Science, Arts, Education and Management Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/essaeme-15.2015.40.

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Mets, Mait, Vello Pallav, and Rauno Raudsepp. "Geotechnical Problems of Tartu Old Town." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.004.

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This article analyses the formation of soil properties and the behaviour of buildings in Tartu Old Town. For assessing this, data was gathered from settled constructions, which showed that geotechnical actions change the properties of fluvial sediments variously and as such need thorough research. The preservation of wood used in foundations depends on their placement in geological layers, on the fluctuations of surface water and the geotechnical solutions used. The effects of geotechnical actions conducted before need more attention and therefore new projectsolutions in Tartu Old Town need thorough geotechnical research in each case.

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Wang, Fang, and Li Wang. "Research on Old Dwellings in Yiqian Town." In International Conference On Civil Engineering And Urban Planning 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412435.093.

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Yi, Xiaoya. "Historical perspectiveness: characteristics identification and overall protection of historical cities from the perspective of spatial translation. Shipu, Zhejiang." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/eihc6183.

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The rapid development of Chinese cities in the past three decades has caused the transformation of the structure of historical urban spaces, resulting in the fragmentation of historical environment and the blurring of historical pattern. This study proposes to use the epistemology of historical prescriptiveness to recognize the characteristics of urban historical environment, so as to effectively protect the city as a whole. Historical prescriptiveness refers to the spatialtemporal correlation effect in the process of urban historical environment change, which makes the current historical elements of the city present as a whole with hierarchy, structure and system. This kind of epistemology is most prominent in ancient maps. The schema-symbol relation can express the paradigm of traditional structure, the schema-symbol choice can express the order of multiple symbols, and the schema-symbol intention can express the meaning of camp city culture. Based on these potential criteria, this study summarizes the logical relations and existing forms of the old and new elements in urban space, and then explores the historical prescriptive content. The specific content of historical prescriptiveness is embodied in the following aspects: the implicit control of the historical pattern in spatial positioning, the transformation and recognition of historical elements in evolutionary comparison, and the inheritance and continuation of urban memory in the extraction of connotations. Taking the ancient city of Shipu in Zhejiang as an example, the study explores the characteristics of the ancient city of Shipu from three aspects: the succession of Haiphong’s fortification and city-port structure, the alienation of the texture of the ancient towns and streets of Jiangnan, the rejuvenation of the city with the reappearance of culture in eastern Zhejiang. Based on this case, this study proposes a holistic conservation idea of historical city in the modern context of "space and time compression".

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Burinskienė, Marija, Vaida Vabuolytė, and Gintaras Stauskis. "HUMANIZING VILNIUS OLD TOWN BY THE SUMP MEASURES: WHEN LESS IS MORE." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.723.

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The Old Town of Vilnius City is a valuable site included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the most important tasks is to protect the area from noise, pollution, and vibration caused by transport. Currently, over 30,000 vehicles cross the Old Town core daily, most of which do not have a destination in the Old Town, and drivers only use a shorter route to connect within the city. To this purpose, the Vilnius City Municipality has developed a Loop Traffic Scheme in the Old Town of Vilnius, which allows only loop traffic, i.e. for entry/exit to/from a specific restricted area. The main purpose of the article is the discussion and evaluation of measures how the Old Town area can be returned to the people (i.e., pedestrians, cyclists, public transport) to minimize traffic flows and eliminate transit traffic. To achieve smart solutions and to open public spaces for Old Town residents and visitors, we compare different traffic organization and parking measures, analyse their efficiency. We propose integrating innovative technological solutions and smart tools (parking, ridesharing system, integrated pedestrian and bicycle routes, smart traffic control, etc.) by using the best practices of other cities. As a result, we propose the methodology for humanizing open spaces in the Old Town area and beyond.

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Reports on the topic "Old towns"

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Klinger, Timothy C., Roy J. Cochran, and Jr. Old Town Berm. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada262130.

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McNeil, Jimmy D. A Cultural Resources Survey of the Old Town Bend Revetment, Phillips County, Arkansas, A Negative Finding Report. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada262648.

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Schults, C. R. Annual Conference on the Physics and Chemistry of Semiconductor Interfaces (22nd) Held in Old Town Scottsdale, Arizona on January 8 -12, 1995. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada296248.

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DeAnna, Dixon, and Hodo Wayne. Finite element analysis of quoin block deterioration and load transfer mechanisms in miter gates : pintle and pintle connections. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40842.

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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) currently operates and maintains approximately 193 commercially active lock sites with 239 locks and dams spanning nearly 12,000 miles. These networks of water channels are used to transport 600 million tons of domestic cargo, generating $405 billion in revenue annually. Nearly 60% of these structures in operation are over 50 years old and have reached design life. A failure of the miter gates could result in a major negative impact on the economy and on the ability to maintain flood control. Administrators need recommendations to better prioritize maintenance and repair of the USACE miter gates. This work investigated the influence of miter gate’s quoin block degradation on load transfer to the pintle and/or pintle connections. Results of finite element analysis are reported for the quoin block degradation simulated levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. The parametric study shows the overstressed regions are the pintle neck and bolt-hole regions. To improve pintle designs so they may better mitigate detrimental environmental based deterioration effects, this work recommends (1) increasing the thickness of the bolt-hole connection region and (2) adding ribbing reinforcement around the neck area of the pintle.

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Slovakia. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrsk.2020.12.

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This report describes the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15-34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Slo-vakia. To achieve this goal, the report utilised indicators of youth population, youth employ-ment and unemployment, education and NEETs distribution and amount of ESLET in Slovakia according to different level of urbanisation (cities, towns and suburbs and towns). There are more male than females living in Slovakia. However, there are more females living in rural areas. Youth unemployment has been rising every year since 2009, peaking in 2012/2013, and after this peak it has decreased gradually leading to the lowest unemployment rate in a decade for the age category 15-39 in 2018-2019. Since the year 2010 the employment rate has been gradually increasing in all degrees of urbanisation. In last decade (2009-2019), the population aged 15-24 years old in Slovakia has become more educated. The highest increa-se was in last decade at level ISCED 5-8 in rural areas. ESLET has gradually increased in Slo-vakia nationwide. Between the years 2009-2019, there were an increased number of ESLET females in rural areas. The share of NEETs has slightly decreased in last decade in Slovakia.

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Spain. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nres.2020.12.

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This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Spain. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: youth population; youth employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characterisation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central criterion, enabling propor-tional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail.The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets.In the last ten years (2009 - 2019) a significant portion of the Spanish youth population has migrated from rural areas to cities and towns. This migration trend could be explained by the economic crisis which impacted upon Spain from 2008 onwards. Data shown in this report makes visible the vulnerability of rural NEET youth to these downturns from 2009 to 2013. In line with this, Early-school leaving (ESLET) and unemployment rates in rural areas were more pronounced in 2013 and the following years for rural youth in comparison with youth living in urban areas and towns. However, in the last two years (2017-2019) there has been a sharp decrease in these indicators placing youth living rural areas, on average, in line with the rest (i.e., an average NEET youth rate in Spain 15% versus 16% for rural areas).

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Croatia. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrhr.2020.12.

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This report presents the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) in Croatia, aged between 15 and 34 years old, in the period from 2009 until 2019. To achieve this goal, the report utilised indicators of youth population, youth em-ployment and unemployment, education and NEETs distribution. The characterisation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central criteria, enabling comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further collapsed into age sub-groups and, when possible, in sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involved des-criptive longitudinal analysis, using figures (e.g., line charts) as well as the calculation of abso-lute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019 and 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the indicators evolution before and after the economic crisis that hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets. The analyses show that between 2009 and 2019 rural youth population aged 15 to 24 years has been decreasing in Croatia. Youth unemployment was marked by two distinct periods, one from 2009 to 2013 (with higher rates of youth unemployment) and another from 2013 to 2019 (with the decrease in unemployment rates, with lower unemployment rates in ci-ties and higher in towns and suburbs and rural areas). In the field of education, however, there has been a decrease of the Croatian population with lower levels of education and an increase of the proportion of those with higher educational attainment. Finally, the propor-tion of NEETs in Croatia is higher in rural areas compared to cities and towns and suburbs, revealing territorial inequalities in access to employment and education opportunities.

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Portugal. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrpt.2020.12.

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This report outlines in detail the situation of rural youths Neither in Employment, nor in Edu-cation or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Portugal. To do this, the report portrays indicators of: youth population; youth em-ployment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characterisation of all indicators adopts the degree of urbanisation as a central criterion, thereby enabling propor-tional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail.The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the in-dicators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets.The analyses show that between 2009 and 2019 the rural youth population aged 15 to 24 years has been increasing in Portugal. Although the youth unemployment rate is higher in cities, rural areas faced more difficulties in overcoming the effects of the crisis, particularly among young adults aged over 25 years. In the field of education, however, there was an absolute and relative reduction in the proportion of young people with lower qualifications compared with young people in early school leavers in rural areas between 2009-2019, even though it still remains well above the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strategy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Portugal is higher in rural areas, in all age groups with available data, compared to cities and towns and suburbs, thereby revealing territorial in-equalities in access to employment and education opportunities.

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Serbia. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrrs.2020.12.

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The situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2010-2019) in Serbia is presen-ted in this report. The main criterion for analysis was the degree of urbanisation, where the comparison was done between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities, and the whole country. The data available on EUROSTAT and the national Statistical office of Serbia were used as main resources for statistical interpretation. The statistical procedures used in the report rely on descriptive longitudinal analysis, using graphical displays (e.g. overlay line charts) as well as the calculation of proportional abso-lute and relative changes between observed years. The analysis of the youth population in Serbia aged 15-24 years in total as well as the youth population for different degrees of urbaisation, for the period 2010-2019, showed a de-creasing trend. In the period 2014-2019 (which is with available data for the case of Serbia) it can be ob-served that the youth employment rate is increasing in all areas of urbanisation. In contrast to the employment, the level of unemployment in Serbia is constantly decreasing in the period 2014-2019. This trend is similar for all three areas of urbanisation.The decrease in the number of early school leavers is registered in the case of entire Serbia, cities, and rural areas. The only trend of increasing of early school leavers’ rate is recorded for the towns and suburbs, for the observed period 2014-2019.In the period 2010-2019, the NEET rate is declining in Serbia for all three degrees of ur-banisation. In comparison to EU countries, Serbia is still significantly above the European average, but with a tendency of reducing the gap.

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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Bulgaria. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.ndbg.2020.12.

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This report outlines in detail the situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment, nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2009-2019) in Bulgaria. To do this, the report utilised indicators of: youth population; you-th employment and unemployment; education; and, NEETs distribution. The characteri-sation of all indicators adopted the degree of urbanisation as a central criterion, enabling proportional comparisons between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities and the whole country. These analyses are further divided into age subgroups and, where possible, into sex groups for greater detail. The statistical procedures adopted across the different selected dimensions involve: des-criptive longitudinal analysis; using graphical displays (e.g., overlay line charts); and, the calculation of proportional absolute and relative changes between 2009 and 2013, 2013 and 2019, and finally 2009 and 2019. These time ranges were chosen to capture the indi-cators evolution before and after the economic crisis which hit European countries. All data was extracted from Eurostat public datasets. The analyses show that between 2009 and 2019 the rural youth population aged 15 to 24 years has been increasing in Bulgaria. Although the youth unemployment rate is higher in cities, rural areas faced more difficulties in overcoming the effects of the crisis, particularly among young adults aged over 25 years. In the field of education, however, there was an absolute and relative reduction in the proportion of young people with lower qualifications compared with young people in early school leavers in rural areas between 2009-2019, even though it still remains well above the 10% target defined by the Europe 2020 strate-gy. Finally, the proportion of NEETs in Bulgaria is higher in rural areas, in all age groups with available data, compared to cities and towns and suburbs, thereby revealing territorial inequalities in access to employment and education opportunities

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