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Journal articles on the topic 'Olifants River'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Rowan, Andrew, and Les Thomson. "Olifants River Bridge Widening." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 10007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819910007.

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The Olifants River Bridge B3611 carries the N11 over the Olifants River, just North of the Loskop Dam. This structure was originally built in 1979 and was recently widened as part of the South African Roads Agency Limited (SANRAL)’s upgrade to the N11. At the time of design, very little was known about the bridge as no ‘As Built' drawings were available. Due to the remote locality of the structure, exploratory investigations were reserved until the construction phase. The final design solution was therefore amended during the construction phase in order to account for the reinforcement found within the structure. In addition to the heavier dead weight of the new widened deck, the bridge would be required to carry higher loads under modern loading codes. Widening works included new widened cantilevers with new reinforced concrete balustrades, tying into existing reinforcement. Strengthening for bending was provided to the main deck beams by means of longitudinal FRP plates epoxied to the soffit. Transverse pierhead strengthening using DYWIDAG bars was installed to counter increased moments, and pier strengthening using a reinforced concrete jacket was implemented to strengthen the piers. Durability concrete was specified in accordance with current SANRAL regulations and the durability performance of the concrete, even in this remote location was excellent. This paper summarises the work that was completed as part of this project.

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2

Heritage, G., S. Tooth, N. Entwistle, and D. Milan. "Long-term flood controls on semi-arid river form: evidence from the Sabie and Olifants rivers, eastern South Africa." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 367 (March 3, 2015): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-367-141-2015.

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Abstract. Rivers in the Kruger National Park, eastern South Africa, are characterised by bedrock-influenced "macrochannels" containing variable alluvial thicknesses and riparian vegetation assemblages. Evidence from the Sabie and Olifants rivers suggests that flows up to moderate floods (<3500 m3 s−1) tend to result in net alluviation, with sediments gradually covering the underlying bedrock. More extreme floods strip alluvium and erode bedrock, effectively exerting the primary control over long-term river morphologic development. On the Olifants River, post-flood aerial LIDAR imagery reveals that the 2012 extreme flood (~14000 m3 s−1) resulted in extensive stripping of stored alluvial sediment, exposing and eroding the underlying weathered bedrock. On the Sabie River, preliminary optically stimulated luminescence ages for remnant alluvium are all less than 1000 years, highlighting typical timescales of sediment storage. Together, these results suggest that while periods of general alluviation occur on these systems, long-term river development results from extreme flood-generated bedrock erosion.

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3

DE MOOR, FERDINAND C. "A survey of Trichoptera from the Tributaries of the Doring and mainstream Olifants Rivers, Cedarberg, South Africa with implications for conservation." Zoosymposia 5, no. 1 (June 10, 2011): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.5.1.27.

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The tributaries of the Olifants River draining the Cedarberg Mountains in the Western Cape are well known for their diverse fauna of endemic freshwater fish. Aquatic ecosystems in the region have also been identified as being particularly important in terms of ecosystem conservation. Recent surveys of aquatic macroinvertebrates have indicated that the region is rich in Trichoptera, with a number of regional endemic species, some of which are not recognizable as known described species. The distribution of certain species appears to be confined to either the arid east-flowing tributaries of the Doring River or else the wetter west-flowing tributaries of the mainstream Olifants River.

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4

Prasad, Krishna C., Kenneth M. Strzepek, and Barbara van Koppen. "An approach to assessing socioeconomic implications of water management alternatives." Water Policy 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2007.005.

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Socioeconomic development objectives are integral to the integrated river basin management initiatives in several river basins around the world, including the Olifants River Basin of South Africa. All viable strategic water management alternatives are expected to contribute towards such, usually predefined, socioeconomic objectives in addition to other hydrological and ecological objectives. An assessment of the relative merits of different alternatives becomes imperative to trace the respective contributions of the alternatives to such objectives and thus to identify the best-bet and most agreeable alternative from a multi-stakeholders' perspective. This paper reports key findings from application of a methodology for this purpose in the Olifants River Basin of South Africa by (a) establishing a link between water management indicators and socioeconomic objectives, (b) assessing the potential socioeconomic implications of various water management alternatives and (c) rank ordering the identified alternatives against the socioeconomic objectives based on multi-criteria decision analysis techniques.

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5

Marr, SM, TD Mohlala, and A. Swemmer. "The ecological integrity of the Lower Olifants River, Limpopo province, South Africa: 2009–2015 – Part A: Olifants River main stem." African Journal of Aquatic Science 42, no. 2 (August 24, 2017): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2017.1334501.

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6

Marr, SM, TD Mohlala, and A. Swemmer. "The ecological integrity of the lower Olifants River, Limpopo province, South Africa: 2009–2015 – Part B: Tributaries of the Olifants River." African Journal of Aquatic Science 42, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2017.1353477.

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7

Selebalo, Itumeleng M., Mary C. Scholes, and Jai K. Clifford-Holmes. "A Systemic Analysis of the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining within the Blyde River Catchment, a Strategic Water Area of South Africa." Water 13, no. 3 (January 26, 2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030301.

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Exploratory modelling of the impact of gold mining on groundwater in a strategic water area of South Africa was undertaken. A systems dynamics (SD) model was developed to simulate the impact of gold mining on water quality, focusing on groundwater contamination risk, within the context of competing developmental priorities around water resource development and the socio-economic gains from gold mining. The model also identified interventions to minimise the impacts by the year 2040. The study area was the Blyde River Catchment (BRC), which is part of the Olifants Water Management Area in South Africa. This area is an important contributor, currently and in the future, to freshwater flows and groundwater in the Olifants River Catchment, which is one of South Africa’s most economically important catchments. The model development process included a causal loop diagram–based problem conceptualisation, followed by the drawing of stock-flow diagrams and the determining of model parameters based on a combination of background literature, data from environmental impact assessments, and from the national Department of Water and Sanitation. The model showed the potential environmental risks of gold mine wastewater production and interventions to minimise these risks. The most effective intervention identified to reduce the risk of groundwater contamination was the development and use of synthetic-lined tailings dams. The baseline simulation result of sulphate loading of 5430 t/year can be reduced by 3070 t/year to give a simulated sulphate load of 2270 t/year in 2040 using this intervention. In comparison, the simulated wastewater recycling intervention only reduced the sulphate load to 4630 t/year and the wastewater treatment interventions to 3420 t/year. This project contributes to the exploratory modelling of an understudied region of the Olifants River Catchment that is a crucial provider of freshwater flows to the Olifants, which is threatened by increasing gold mining in the upper BRC. The SD model highlighted the importance of protecting the dolomitic aquifers in the BRC for the long term sustainability of the catchment, which is particularly important if groundwater development occurs.

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8

Woodborne, S., K. D. A. Huchzermeyer, D. Govender, D. J. Pienaar, G. Hall, J. G. Myburgh, A. R. Deacon, J. Venter, and N. Lübcker. "Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events." Ecosphere 3, no. 10 (October 3, 2012): art87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/es12-00170.1.

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9

Matlou, K., A. Addo-Bediako, and A. Jooste. "Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblage Along a Pollution Gradient in the Steelpoort River, Olifants River System." African Entomology 25, no. 2 (September 2017): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.025.0445.

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10

Setshedi, Kgalalelo Tshimologo Annie, and Solomon Wakshom Newete. "The Impact of Exotic Tamarix Species on Riparian Plant Biodiversity." Agriculture 10, no. 9 (September 7, 2020): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10090395.

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This study investigated the impact of exotic Tamarix species on vascular plant biodiversity in riparian ecosystems in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Vegetation was sampled, using 5 m wide belt transects, along the Leeu, Swart, and Olifants riparian areas, which had varying invasion intensities. Each transect was split into three zones (Zone 1: 0–15 m; Zone 2: 15–35, and Zone 3: >35 m), which were identified at each site based on species composition across each riparian zone. Woody plant species were identified, counted, and their heights measured within the transects that were laid out from the waterpoint (Zone 1) outwards (Zone 2 and 3). Herbaceous aerial cover (HAC) was determined subjectively and objectified using the Walker aerial cover scale. Leeu River had the highest species richness (Dmg = 2.79), diversity (H′ = 2.17; −lnλ = 1.91; N1 = 8.76 and α = 4.13), and evenness (J′= 0.80). The Swart River had the lowest species richness, which declined from Dmg = 1.96 (Zone 1) to Dmg = 1.82 (Zone 3). Exotic Tamarix species ranked in the top three most abundant woody vascular plant species along the Swart and Olifants rivers, where they ranked first and third, respectively. The Jaccard’s and Sorenson’s coefficients of similarity indicated that species differed greatly between the different sites, x¯ < 27% for both indices. The indices also indicated that the Swart River had the lowest level of species distinctness between zones (x¯ > 80%) while the Leeu River had the highest level of species distinctness (x¯ < 50%) between the different zones. These findings suggest a possible displacement of herbaceous and woody tree species by exotic Tamarix invasion, inter alia, a decrease in ecosystem functions and services associated with the loss in biodiversity, as well as significant bearings on the agricultural ecosystem by reducing the faunal diversity such as crop pollinators, inter alia.

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11

Stewart, Barbara A. "Biochemical and Morphological Evidence for a New Species of River Crab Potamonautes Parvispina Sp. Nov. (Brachyura, Potamonautidae)." Crustaceana 70, no. 6 (1997): 737–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854097x00168.

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AbstractPotamonautid river crabs were collected from four sites along the Olifants River in the Western Cape, South Africa in order to determine morphological and genetic differentiation among these populations. Two distinct forms were identified, and fixed allele differences at some allozyme loci between sympatric populations of the two forms confirmed that they were reproductively isolated. It was concluded that these forms represent two species, one of which was previously unknown, and is described in this paper as Potamonautes parvispina sp. nov.

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12

Duncan, G. "Five new species of Lachenalia (Hyacinthaceae) from arid areas of Namibia and South Africa." Bothalia 28, no. 2 (October 6, 1998): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v28i2.630.

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Five new species of Lachenalia are described: L. nutans G.D.Duncan from southwestern Namibia, L. attenuata W.F.Barker ex G.D Duncan from the Roggeveld Plateau. Little Karoo and southern Cape; L doleritica G.D.Duncan from the Bokkeveld Plateau; L lactosa G.D.Duncan from the Lowland Fvnbos of the Hermanus District, and L leipoldtii G D Duncan from the Olifants River Valley and Little Karoo

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13

Prasad, Krishna C., Barbara van Koppen, and Kenneth Strzepek. "Equity and productivity assessments in the Olifants River basin, South Africa." Natural Resources Forum 30, no. 1 (February 2006): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-8947.2006.00158.x.

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14

Rasifudi, L., A. Addo-Bediako, K. Bal, and T. M. Swemmer. "Distribution of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in the Selati River of the Olifants River System, South Africa." African Entomology 26, no. 2 (September 2018): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/003.026.0398.

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15

Crookes, Steven, Tej Heer, Rowshyra A. Castañeda, Nicholas E. Mandrak, Daniel D. Heath, Olaf L. F. Weyl, Hugh J. MacIsaac, and Llewellyn C. Foxcroft. "Monitoring the silver carp invasion in Africa: a case study using environmental DNA (eDNA) in dangerous watersheds." NeoBiota 56 (April 29, 2020): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.56.47475.

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Biodiverse habitats are increasingly subject to an intensification of anthropogenic stressors that may severely diminish species richness. Invasive species pose a dominant threat to biodiversity and biosecurity, particularly in biodiversity hotspots like Kruger National Park, South Africa. The invasive silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, was introduced into the Olifants River and may experience range spread owing to favorable environmental conditions. Intensive monitoring protocols are necessary to effectively manage invasions of species like silver carp. Unfortunately, tropical and sub-tropical aquatic systems are difficult to monitor using conventional methods (e.g., netting, electrofishing and snorkeling) owing to a range of factors including the presence of dangerous megafauna. Conservation of such systems may be advanced by the adoption of novel methods, including environmental DNA (eDNA) detection. Here, we explore the utility of environmental DNA (eDNA) to conduct safe, reliable and repeatable surveys in dangerous watersheds using silver carp as a case study. We conducted eDNA surveys at 12 sites in two neighbouring watersheds, and determined that the species has expanded its range within the Olifants River and to the south in the Sabie River. Expansion in the former is consistent with the presence of suitable spawning conditions. We discuss the implications of this survey for biodiversity monitoring in similar aquatic systems in the tropics and advocate an integrative approach to biomonitoring in these ecosystems.

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16

Venter, F. J., and A. R. Deacon. "Managing rivers for conservation and ecotourism in the Kruger National Park." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0610.

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Six major rivers flow through the Kruger National Park (KNP). All these rivers originate outside and to the west of the KNP and are highly utilized. They are crucially important for the conservation of the unique natural environments of the KNP. The human population growth in the Lowveld during the past two decades brought with it the rapid expansion of irrigation farming, exotic afforestation and land grazed by domestic stock, as well as the establishment of large towns, mines, dams and industries. Along with these developments came overgrazing, erosion, over-utilization and pollution of rivers, as well as clearing of indigenous forests from large areas outside the borders of the KNP. Over-utilization of the rivers which ultimately flow through the KNP poses one of the most serious challenges to the KNP's management. This paper gives the background to the development in the catchments and highlights the problems which these have caused for the KNP. Management actions which have been taken as well as their results are discussed and solutions to certain problems proposed. Three rivers, namely the Letaba, Olifants and Sabie are respectively described as examples of an over-utilized river, a polluted river and a river which is still in a fairly good condition.

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17

Addo-Bediako, A., K. Matlou, and E. Makushu. "Heavy metal concentrations in water and sediment of the Steelpoort River, Olifants River System, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 43, no. 4 (October 29, 2018): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2018.1524745.

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18

McCartney, Matthew, and Roberto Arranz. "Evaluation of water demand Scenarios for the Olifants River catchment, South Africa." International Journal of River Basin Management 7, no. 4 (December 2009): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2009.9635396.

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19

Avenant-Oldewage, A., and Jenny Robinson. "Aspects of the Morphology of the Parasitic Copepod Lernaea Cyprinacea Linnaeus, 1758 and Notes On Its Distribution in Africa." Crustaceana 69, no. 5 (1996): 610–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854096x00628.

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AbstractA morphological study on the ectoparasite Lernaea cyprinacea, found on Labeo rosae and Oreochromis mossambicus in the Olifants River in the Kruger National Park, South Africa, was done with the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy. Detailed descriptions are given of the appendages and their associated ornamentation. Significant morphological findings include the exact structure of the mandibles and the ornamentation on first pair of maxillae. Statistical analysis of the morphometrical data as well as the geographical distribution in Africa are shown.

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20

Nieuwoudt, W. L. "Environmental offsets and other market approaches with specific reference to the Olifants River (East) and Berg River." Agrekon 47, no. 4 (December 2008): 433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.2008.9523809.

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21

Addo-Bediako, Abraham, and Lwendo Rasifudi. "Spatial distribution of heavy metals in the Ga-Selati River of the Olifants River System, South Africa." Chemistry and Ecology 37, no. 5 (March 1, 2021): 450–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02757540.2021.1888937.

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22

Mariano, V., C. M. E. McCrindle, B. Cenci-Goga, and J. A. Picard. "Case-Control Study To Determine whether River Water Can Spread Tetracycline Resistance to Unexposed Impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Kruger National Park (South Africa)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 1 (October 31, 2008): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01808-08.

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ABSTRACT A case-control study was performed in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, to find out whether impala (Aepyceros melampus) were more likely to harbor tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli (TREC) in their feces when they drank from rivers that contained these bacteria than when they drank from rivers that were uncontaminated with TREC. The following five perennial rivers were selected: the Crocodile, the Letaba, the Olifants, the Sabie, and the Sand. Samples of river water (n = 33) and feces (n = 209), collected at 11 different sites, were cultured for E. coli. The resulting colonies were screened for tetracycline resistance by use of the Lederberg replica plating method (breakpoint, 4 mg/liter). A resistant and/or a susceptible isolate was then selected from each sample and subjected to the CLSI MIC broth microdilution test for tetracyclines. Among the 21 water specimens contaminated by E. coli, 19.05% (n = 4) were found to be resistant by the MIC method (breakpoint, ≥8 mg/liter). This led to the Crocodile, Olifants, and Letaba rivers being classified as TREC positive. Among the 209 impala feces sampled, 191 were positive for the presence of E. coli (91.38%). Within these (n = 191), 9.95% (n = 19) of the isolates were shown to be TREC by the MIC method. It was found that 1.11% (n = 1) of the E. coli isolates cultured from the feces of the control group (n = 90) were TREC, in comparison with 17.82% (n = 18) of those in feces from the exposed group (n = 101). The calculation of the odds ratio showed that impala drinking from TREC-contaminated rivers were 19.3 (2.63 to 141.69) times more likely to be infected with TREC than were unexposed impala. This is a significant finding, indicating that surface water could be a possible source of antimicrobial resistance in naï¿½ve animal populations and that impala could act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance.

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23

Carvalho, Adriana Rosa, Samantha Williams, Mariam January, and Merle Sowman. "Reliability of community-based data monitoring in the Olifants River estuary (South Africa)." Fisheries Research 96, no. 2-3 (March 2009): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2008.08.017.

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Avenant-Oldewage, A., and Hazel M. Marx. "Redescription of Lamproglena Clariae Fryer, 1956 (Copepoda, Lernaeidae), With Notes On Its Occurrence and Distribution." Crustaceana 69, no. 4 (1996): 509–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854096x01087.

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AbstractThe morphology of the gill parasite Lamproglena clariae Fryer, 1956, from the Olifants River, Kruger National Park, South Africa, was studied with the aid of light and scanning electron microscopy. Ultrastructural details of all appendages are given as well as a table and map with information on the occurrence and distribution of L. clariae in Africa. Important morphological findings include: the observation of only one claw on the maxilla; first time findings and descriptions of the nuchal organ, upper and lower lips, the fifth pair of legs and circular openings on all appendages.

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MALAKANE, K., A. ADDO-BEDIAKO, and M. KEKANA. "BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES AS BIOINDICATORS OF WATER QUALITY IN THE BLYDE RIVER OF THE OLIFANTS RIVER SYSTEM, SOUTH AFRICA." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 18, no. 1 (2020): 1621–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1801_16211635.

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26

Watson, RM, D. Crafford, and A. Avenant-Oldewage. "Evaluation of the fish health assessment index in the Olifants River system, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 37, no. 3 (November 2012): 235–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2012.677745.

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Hallinan, Emily, and John Parkington. "Stone Age landscape use in the Olifants River Valley, Clanwilliam, Western Cape, South Africa." Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 52, no. 3 (July 3, 2017): 324–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0067270x.2017.1365438.

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28

Seymore, T., H. H. du Preez, and J. H. J. van Vuren. "Concentrations of zinc in Barbus marequensis from the lower Olifants River, Mpumalanga, South Africa." Hydrobiologia 332, no. 3 (October 1996): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00031919.

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29

Addo-Bediako, Abraham. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Blyde and Steelpoort Rivers of the Olifants River System, South Africa." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 29, no. 5 (May 12, 2020): 3023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/112621.

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30

Addo-Bediako, Abraham. "Spatial distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups in two rivers of the olifants river system, South Africa." Journal of Freshwater Ecology 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02705060.2021.1901789.

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Verhaert, Vera, Johannes Teuchies, Wynand Vlok, Victor Wepener, Abraham Addo-Bediako, Antoinette Jooste, Ronny Blust, and Lieven Bervoets. "Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of total mercury in the subtropical Olifants River Basin, South Africa." Chemosphere 216 (February 2019): 832–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.211.

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Stewart, Barbara A., Mark J. Gibbons, and Savel R. Daniels. "Potamonautes Granularis Sp. Nov. (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), a New Cryptic Species of River Crab From the Olifants River System, South Africa." Crustaceana 71, no. 8 (1998): 885–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854098x00905.

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Marr, Sean, Antoinette Jooste, Abraham Addo-Bediako, and Wilmien Luus-Powell. "Are catfish from metal-polluted impoundments in the Olifants River, South Africa, safe for human consumption?" Inland Waters 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5268/iw-5.3.697.

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34

Ferreira, Sam M., and Danie Pienaar. "Degradation of the crocodile population in the Olifants River Gorge of Kruger National Park, South Africa." Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21, no. 2 (February 14, 2011): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.1175.

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35

Nkhonjera, German K., and Megersa O. Dinka. "Past and present spatial precipitation variability in the upper middle catchment of the Olifants River basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 467 (April 9, 2020): 012212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/467/1/012212.

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36

Addo-Bediako, Abraham, and Karabo Malakane. "Preliminary Assessment of Chemical Elements in Sediments and Larvae of Gomphidae (Odonata) from the Blyde River of the Olifants River System, South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 4, 2020): 8135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218135.

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Benthic macroinvertebrates and sediments can act as good indicators of environmental quality. The aim of this study was to assess the accumulation of chemical elements in the Gomphidae (Odonata) collected in the Blyde River. Seven sites were sampled for river sediments assessment and five sites for larvae (naiads) of Gomphidae bioaccumulation analysis. The tissue samples were analysed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed high levels of all of the tested elements except Cd in the sediment. The mean concentrations of As, Cu and Cr exceeded the standard guideline values, whereas Pb and Zn were below the standard guideline values. In the insect body tissue, the concentrations of most elements were higher than in the sediments. The elements with the highest concentrations were Mn, Zn, Cu, and As. The bioaccumulation factor (BF) showed a tendency for bioaccumulation for almost all of the selected elements in the insect. The BF value was high for Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn (BF > 1). The high concentrations of elements in the insect body tissue may pose a risk to fish that consume them, and subsequently to humans when fish from the river are consumed. It is therefore important to monitor the river to reduce pollution to prevent health risks in humans, especially in communities that rely on the river for water and food.

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Jolk, Christian, Harro Stolpe, Roman Wössner, and Andreas Abecker. "A GIS-Based Decision-Support Tool for Integrated Water Resources Management in the Middle Olifants River System." GI_Forum 1 (2015): 610–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/giscience2015s610.

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38

Dabrowski, J., PJ Oberholster, and JM Dabrowski. "Water quality of Flag Boshielo Dam, Olifants River, South Africa: Historical trends and the impact of drought." Water SA 40, no. 2 (April 9, 2014): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v40i2.17.

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39

Magombeyi, M. S., and A. E. Taigbenu. "An integrated modelling framework to aid smallholder farming system management in the Olifants River Basin, South Africa." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 36, no. 14-15 (2011): 1012–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.079.

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40

Kemp, M., KN de Kock, V. Wepener, W. Roets, L. Quinn, and CT Wolmarans. "Influence of selected abiotic factors on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Olifants River catchment, Mpumalanga, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 39, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2014.923371.

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41

Dabrowski, J. M., J. Dabrowski, L. Hill, P. MacMillan, and P. J. Oberholster. "Fate, Transport and Effects of Pollutants Originating from Acid Mine Drainage in the Olifants River, South Africa." River Research and Applications 31, no. 10 (August 29, 2014): 1354–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.2833.

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42

Milan, David, George Heritage, Neil Entwistle, and Stephen Tooth. "Morphodynamic simulation of sediment deposition patterns on a recently stripped bedrock anastomosed channel." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 377 (April 16, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-377-51-2018.

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Abstract. Some mixed bedrock-alluvial dryland rivers are known to undergo cycles of alluvial building during low flow periods, punctuated by stripping events during rare high magnitude flows. We focus on the Olifants River, Kruger National Park, South Africa, and present 2-D morphodynamic simulations of hydraulics and sediment deposition patterns over an exposed bedrock anastomosed pavement. We examine the assumptions underlying a previous conceptual model, namely that sedimentation occurs preferentially on bedrock highs. Our modelling results and local field observations in fact show that sediment thicknesses are greater over bedrock lows, suggesting these are the key loci for deposition, barform initiation and island building. During peak flows, velocities in the topographic lows tend to be lower than in intermediate topographic areas. It is likely that intermediate topographic areas supply sediment to the topographic lows at this flow stage, which is then deposited in the lows on the falling limb of the hydrograph as velocities reduce. Subsequent vegetation establishment on deposits in the topographic lows is likely to play a key role in additional sedimentation and vegetation succession, both through increasing the cohesive strength of alluvial units and by capturing new sediments and propagules.

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Jooste, Antoinette, Sean M. Marr, Abraham Addo-Bediako, and Wilmien J. Luus-Powell. "Sharptooth catfish shows its metal: A case study of metal contamination at two impoundments in the Olifants River, Limpopo river system, South Africa." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 112 (February 2015): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.033.

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van der Spuy, Pierre, and Hennie Niehaus. "Strengthening, rehabilitation and widening of the existing arch bridge on national route 7 over the Olifants River, South Africa." MATEC Web of Conferences 199 (2018): 10008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819910008.

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This paper describes the rehabilitation of the existing bridge over the Olifants River. The bridge is on National Route 7 near Klawer and dates back to 1957. The defining feature of this elegant bridge is a concrete arch spanning 92.7 m. The existing bridge displayed extensive cracking, failed expansion joints and spall damage to beam soffits. Some columns showed vertical cracks while some foundations presented with horizontal cracks. The arch presented with longitudinal cracks on both the upper and lower surfaces and a previous attempt to fill the cracks proved unsuccessful, as the cracks continued to widen. This paper presents the investigations undertaken to determine the cause for the observed defects as well as the methods employed to rehabilitate the bridge. These measures include strengthening with carbon fibre, coatings, patch repair, replacement of reinforcement, replacement of expansion joints and replacement of parapets. The work commenced early 2016 and was substantially completed mid-2018.

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Wolmarans, CT, M. Kemp, KN De Kock, W. Roets, L. Van Rensburg, and L. Quinn. "A semi-quantitative survey of macroinvertebrates at selected sites to evaluate the ecosystem health of the Olifants River." Water SA 40, no. 2 (March 27, 2014): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v40i2.6.

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Dabrowski, J., DS Baldwin, JM Dabrowski, L. Hill, and J. Shadung. "Impact of temporary desiccation on the mobility of nutrients and metals from sediments of Loskop Reservoir, Olifants River." Water SA 43, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v43i1.02.

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de Bruiyn, H. "The geology and petrochemistry of the Mashikiri Formation along the Olifants River Section, Kruger National Park, South Africa." South African Journal of Geology 108, no. 2 (September 1, 2005): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/108.2.173.

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48

Thomas, Abraham. "Modelling of Spatially Distributed Surface Runoff and Infiltration in the Olifants River Catchment/Water Management Area Using GIS." International Journal of Advanced Remote Sensing and GIS 4, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 828–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23953/cloud.ijarsg.81.

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49

Lebepe, J., SM Marr, and WJ Luus-Powell. "Metal contamination and human health risk associated with the consumption ofLabeo rosaefrom the Olifants River system, South Africa." African Journal of Aquatic Science 41, no. 2 (March 23, 2016): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2016.1138100.

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Seymore, Tharina, H. H. du Preez, and J. H. J. Van Vuren. "Bioaccumulation of chromium and nickel in the tissues ofBarbus marequensisA. Smith, 1841 from the Lower Olifants River, Mpumalanga." South African Journal of Zoology 31, no. 3 (January 1996): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02541858.1996.11448401.

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