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Journal articles on the topic 'Oligomers'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Lucas, Lathan, Phoebe S. Tsoi, Josephine C. Ferreon, and Allan Chris M. Ferreon. "Tau Oligomers Resist Phase Separation." Biomolecules 15, no. 3 (2025): 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15030336.

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Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) to form condensates under physiological conditions, facilitating microtubule stabilization and intracellular transport. LLPS has also been implicated in pathological Tau aggregation, which contributes to tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease. While LLPS is known to promote Tau aggregation, the relationship between Tau’s structural states and its phase separation behavior remains poorly defined. Here, we examine how oligomerization modulates Tau LLPS and uncover key distinctions between monomeric, oli

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2

Vaikath, Nishant, Indulekha Sudhakaran, Ilham Abdi, et al. "Structural and Biophysical Characterization of Stable Alpha-Synuclein Oligomers." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 14630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314630.

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The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into neurotoxic oligomers and fibrils is an important pathogenic feature of synucleinopatheis, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). A further characteristic of PD is the oxidative stress that results in the formation of aldehydes by lipid peroxidation. It has been reported that the brains of deceased patients with PD contain high levels of protein oligomers that are cross-linked to these aldehydes. Increasing evidence also suggests that prefibrillar oligomeric species are more toxic than the mature amyloid fibrils. However, due to the heterogenous and meta

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3

Grewal, Annu, Deepak Sheokand, Vandana Saini та Ajit Kumar. "Molecular docking analysis of α-Synuclein aggregation with Anle138b". Bioinformation 20, № 3 (2024): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300200217.

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α-Synuclein aggregation into toxic oligomeric species is central to Parkinson痴 disease pathogenesis. Anle138b is a recently identified inhibitor of α-synuclein oligomerization showing promise in preclinical studies. This study employed computational approaches to elucidate Anle138b痴 mechanism of oligomer-specific action. The inhibitory potential of Anle138b against α-synuclein oligomers was evaluated by performing molecular docking studies using AutoDock Tools, followed by their binding pocket analysis. Further, protein-protein docking studies were performed using Hex8.0 to validate the aggreg

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4

Wang, Yu, Karen S. L. Lam, Ming-hon Yau, and Aimin Xu. "Post-translational modifications of adiponectin: mechanisms and functional implications." Biochemical Journal 409, no. 3 (2008): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20071492.

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Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing adipokine with anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. This adipokine is secreted from adipocytes into the circulation as three oligomeric isoforms, including trimeric, hexameric and the HMW (high-molecular-mass) oligomeric complex consisting of at least 18 protomers. Each oligomeric isoform of adiponectin exerts distinct biological properties in its various target tissues. The HMW oligomer is the major active form mediating the insulin-sensitizing effects of adiponectin, whereas the central actions of this adipo

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5

Liu, Guang-Hui, Jing Qu, Anne E. Carmack, et al. "Lipin proteins form homo- and hetero-oligomers." Biochemical Journal 432, no. 1 (2010): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20100584.

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Lipin family members (lipin 1, 2 and 3) are bi-functional proteins that dephosphorylate PA (phosphatidic acid) to produce DAG (diacylglycerol) and act in the nucleus to regulate gene expression. Although other components of the triacylglycerol synthesis pathway can form oligomeric complexes, it is unknown whether lipin proteins also exist as oligomers. In the present study, using various approaches, we revealed that lipin 1 formed stable homo-oligomers with itself and hetero-oligomers with lipin 2/3. Both the N- and C-terminal regions of lipin 1 mediate its oligomerization in a head-to-head/ta

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Prots, Iryna, Janina Grosch, Razvan-Marius Brazdis та ін. "α-Synuclein oligomers induce early axonal dysfunction in human iPSC-based models of synucleinopathies". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, № 30 (2018): 7813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1713129115.

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α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation, proceeding from oligomers to fibrils, is one central hallmark of neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies. α-Syn oligomers are toxic by triggering neurodegenerative processes in in vitro and in vivo models. However, the precise contribution of α-Syn oligomers to neurite pathology in human neurons and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate the formation of oligomeric α-Syn intermediates and reduced axonal mitochondrial transport in human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from a Parkinson’s disease patient carrying a

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7

Di Gennaro, Patrizia, Valentina Sabatini, Silvia Fallarini, Roberto Pagliarin, and Guido Sello. "Polyphenol Polymerization by an Alternative Oxidative Microbial Enzyme and Characterization of the Biological Activity of Oligomers." BioMed Research International 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3828627.

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The recombinant catalase-peroxidase HPI from E. coli was used as an alternative enzyme in polymerization reactions for the production of (−) epicatechin oligomers and their biological activity was characterized. The enzyme was prepared in two forms: a purified and an immobilized form. Both were tested for their activity in oxidative polymerization reactions, and their stability and reusability were assessed. The polymerization reactions were followed by SEC-HPLC analyses, and the substrate was completely converted into one or more polymerization products depending on the reactions conditions.

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8

Bazaco, Raúl Blanco, José L. Segura, and Carlos Seoane. "Recent advances in the design, synthesis and study of covalent conjugated oligomer–C60 ensembles." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 74, no. 6 (2009): 857–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2008218.

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This review presents an overview of the most recent results in the field of conjugated oligomer covalently attached to the C60 sphere focusing mainly on donor–conjugated oligomer–C60 triads and conjugated oligomer–multifullerene materials. Well-defined monodisperse oligomers as new materials that exhibit interesting optoelectronic properties have been the subject of intense study during the last decade. In this regard, a huge amount of work has been devoted to the development of new synthetic strategies toward the synthesis of conjugated oligomeric materials with precise length and constitutio

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9

Burford, Neil T., Tom Wehrman, Daniel Bassoni та ін. "Identification of Selective Agonists and Positive Allosteric Modulators for µ- and δ-Opioid Receptors from a Single High-Throughput Screen". Journal of Biomolecular Screening 19, № 9 (2014): 1255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057114542975.

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Hetero-oligomeric complexes of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) may represent novel therapeutic targets exhibiting different pharmacology and tissue- or cell-specific site of action compared with receptor monomers or homo-oligomers. An ideal tool for validating this concept pharmacologically would be a hetero-oligomer selective ligand. We set out to develop and execute a 1536-well high-throughput screen of over 1 million compounds to detect potential hetero-oligomer selective ligands using a β-arrestin recruitment assay in U2OS cells coexpressing recombinant µ- and δ-opioid receptors. Heter

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10

Renaud, Justin, Abdulhrahman M. Alhazmi, and Paul M. Mayer. "Comparing the fragmentation chemistry of gas-phase adducts of poly(dimethylsiloxane) oligomers with metal and organic ions." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 87, no. 2 (2009): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-184.

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Gas-phase ions of poly(dimethylsiloxane) oligomers were formed by electrospray ionization either by protonating them in solution with formic acid or by generating adducts of the oligomers with the metal ions Li+, Na+, K+, and Ag+ as well as with the organic cations NH4+, CH3CH2NH3+, and protonated glycine, aspartic acid, and 1,2-diphenylethylamine. The collision-induced fragmentation of the oligomeric ions was strongly dependent on the nature of the charging species. Ag+ adducts dissociated in a manner previously observed in secondary ion mass spectrometry experiments generating a series of li

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11

Qing, Xiaoyu, Qian Wang, Hanyu Xu, Pei Liu, and Luhua Lai. "Designing Cyclic-Constrained Peptides to Inhibit Human Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase." Molecules 28, no. 17 (2023): 6430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176430.

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Although loop epitopes at protein-protein binding interfaces often play key roles in mediating oligomer formation and interaction specificity, their binding sites are underexplored as drug targets owing to their high flexibility, relatively few hot spots, and solvent accessibility. Prior attempts to develop molecules that mimic loop epitopes to disrupt protein oligomers have had limited success. In this study, we used structure-based approaches to design and optimize cyclic-constrained peptides based on loop epitopes at the human phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) dimer interface, which is

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12

Barton, Jeremy, D. Sebastian Arias, Chamani Niyangoda, et al. "Kinetic Transition in Amyloid Assembly as a Screening Assay for Oligomer-Selective Dyes." Biomolecules 9, no. 10 (2019): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9100539.

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Assembly of amyloid fibrils and small globular oligomers is associated with a significant number of human disorders that include Alzheimer’s disease, senile systemic amyloidosis, and type II diabetes. Recent findings implicate small amyloid oligomers as the dominant aggregate species mediating the toxic effects in these disorders. However, validation of this hypothesis has been hampered by the dearth of experimental techniques to detect, quantify, and discriminate oligomeric intermediates from late-stage fibrils, in vitro and in vivo. We have shown that the onset of significant oligomer format

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13

Long, Jaclyn S., Nigel J. Pyne, and Susan Pyne. "Lipid phosphate phosphatases form homo- and hetero-oligomers: catalytic competency, subcellular distribution and function." Biochemical Journal 411, no. 2 (2008): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20071607.

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Lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPP1–LPP3) have been topographically modelled as monomers (molecular mass of 31–36 kDa) composed of six transmembrane domains and with the catalytic site facing the extracellular side of the plasma membrane or the luminal side of intracellular membranes. The catalytic motif has three conserved domains, termed C1, C2 and C3. The C1 domain may be involved in substrate recognition, whereas C2 and C3 domains appear to participate in the catalytic dephosphorylation of the substrate. We have obtained three lines of evidence to demonstrate that LPPs exist as functional o

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14

Lee, Young A., Eun Ju Cho, and Takako Yokozawa. "Oligomeric proanthocyanidins improve memory and enhance phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in senescence-accelerated mouse prone/8." British Journal of Nutrition 103, no. 4 (2009): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509992005.

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Senescence-accelerated mouse prone/8 (SAMP8), a murine model of accelerated senescence, shows age-related deficits in learning and memory. We investigated the effect of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (oligomers) on memory impairment using the SAMP8 model involving the oral administration of oligomers for 5 weeks. To analyse memory improvement in SAMP8, we performed Morris water maze, object location and object recognition tests. The oral administration of oligomers improved spatial and object recognition impairment in SAMP8. Expressions of phosphorylated neurofilament-H (P-NF-H, axon marker), mi

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15

RAMSAY, Douglas, Elaine KELLETT, Mary McVEY, Stephen REES, and Graeme MILLIGAN. "Homo- and hetero-oligomeric interactions between G-protein-coupled receptors in living cells monitored by two variants of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET): hetero-oligomers between receptor subtypes form more efficiently than between less closely related sequences." Biochemical Journal 365, no. 2 (2002): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20020251.

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Homo- and hetero-oligomerization of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) were examined in HEK-293 cells using two variants of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). BRET2 (a variant of BRET) offers greatly improved separation of the emission spectra of the donor and acceptor moieties compared with traditional BRET. Previously recorded homo-oligomerization of the human δ-opioid receptor was confirmed using BRET2. Homo-oligomerization of the κ-opioid receptor was observed using both BRET techniques. Both homo- and hetero-oligomers, containing both δ- and κ-opioid receptors, were unaffe

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16

Larson, Megan E., Susan J. Greimel, Fatou Amar та ін. "Selective lowering of synapsins induced by oligomeric α-synuclein exacerbates memory deficits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, № 23 (2017): E4648—E4657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704698114.

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Mounting evidence indicates that soluble oligomeric forms of amyloid proteins linked to neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyloid-β (Aβ), tau, or α-synuclein (αSyn) might be the major deleterious species for neuronal function in these diseases. Here, we found an abnormal accumulation of oligomeric αSyn species in AD brains by custom ELISA, size-exclusion chromatography, and nondenaturing/denaturing immunoblotting techniques. Importantly, the abundance of αSyn oligomers in human brain tissue correlated with cognitive impairment and reductions in synapsin expression. By overexpressing WT huma

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17

Eisenberg, David, Arthur Laganowsky, Cong Liu, et al. "Structural Studies of the Amyloid State of Proteins." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s205327331409202x.

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Amyloid diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and the prion conditions, are each associated with a particular protein in fibrillar form. At the morphological level, these fibers appear similar and are termed "amyloid." We found that the adhesive segments of amyloid fibers are short protein sequences which form pairs of interdigitated, in-register beta sheets. These amyloid fibrils were long suspected to be the disease agents, but evidence suggests that in the neurodegenerative diseases, smaller, often transient and polymorphic oligomers are the toxic entities. We have identified a segm

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18

Rodigast, Maria, Anke Mutzel, and Hartmut Herrmann. "A quantification method for heat-decomposable methylglyoxal oligomers and its application on 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene SOA." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 6 (2017): 3929–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3929-2017.

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Abstract. Methylglyoxal forms oligomeric compounds in the atmospheric aqueous particle phase, which could establish a significant contribution to the formation of aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA). Thus far, no suitable method for the quantification of methylglyoxal oligomers is available despite the great effort spent for structure elucidation. In the present study a simplified method was developed to quantify heat-decomposable methylglyoxal oligomers as a sum parameter. The method is based on the thermal decomposition of oligomers into methylglyoxal monomers. Formed methylglyoxal mon

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19

Dekker, J., A. van der Ende, P. H. Aelmans, and G. J. Strous. "Rat gastric mucin is synthesized and secreted exclusively as filamentous oligomers." Biochemical Journal 279, no. 1 (1991): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2790251.

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Oligomeric gastric mucin was isolated from the fundic part of the rat stomach. Previously we have shown by biochemical analysis that this oligomeric mucin consists of disulphide-linked homo-oligomers, which contain no other covalently attached proteins [Dekker, Aelmans & Strous (1991) Biochem. J. 277, 423-427]. Electron-microscopic images of the oligomeric mucin revealed a heterogenous population of long filamentous molecules of 300-3000 nm length. After reduction and carboxymethylation the monomeric mucins displayed a length distribution with a single peak at about 279 nm. Length-distribu

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20

Chase, Anna R., Ethan Laudermilch, Jimin Wang, Hideki Shigematsu, Takeshi Yokoyama, and Christian Schlieker. "Dynamic functional assembly of the Torsin AAA+ ATPase and its modulation by LAP1." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 21 (2017): 2765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-05-0281.

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TorsinA is an essential AAA+ ATPase requiring LAP1 or LULL1 as cofactors. The dynamics of the Torsin/cofactor system remain poorly understood, with previous models invoking Torsin/cofactor assemblies with fixed stoichiometries. Here we demonstrate that TorsinA assembles into homotypic oligomers in the presence of ATP. Torsin variants mutated at the “back” interface disrupt homo-oligomerization but still show robust ATPase activity in the presence of its cofactors. These Torsin mutants are severely compromised in their ability to rescue nuclear envelope defects in Torsin-deficient cells, sugges

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21

Schmid, J. A., H. Just, and H. H. Sitte. "Impact of oligomerization on the function of the human serotonin transporter." Biochemical Society Transactions 29, no. 6 (2001): 732–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0290732.

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The formation of oligomeric structures has been proposed for a large number of membrane proteins, including G-protein-coupled receptors and ion channels. Biochemical studies employing gel filtration, cross-linking or co-immunoprecipitation techniques showed that the serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] transporter is also capable of forming oligomers. We investigated whether the human serotonin transporter (hSERT) can be visualized as an oligomer in the plasma membrane of intact cells. To test this working hypothesis, we generated fusion proteins of hSERT and spectral variants of green fluor

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22

Harrison, R. A. "Preliminary characterization of the multiple forms of ram sperm hyaluronidase." Biochemical Journal 252, no. 3 (1988): 875–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2520875.

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An investigation was made of the inter-relationships and characteristics of various hyaluronidase forms isolated from ram spermatozoa. They were shown to be members of an oligomeric series, apparently formed by intermolecular disulphide cross-linking. Two monomer species were detected, alpha (Mr 89,600) and beta (Mr 81,200). Although the alpha species predominated, the two were evenly distributed throughout the oligomer population, and they shared antigenic determinants; the beta species did not arise from the alpha species as a result of catabolism following cell disruption. The oligomeric se

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23

Sokolov, Yuri, J. Ashot Kozak, Rakez Kayed, Alexandr Chanturiya, Charles Glabe, and James E. Hall. "Soluble Amyloid Oligomers Increase Bilayer Conductance by Altering Dielectric Structure." Journal of General Physiology 128, no. 6 (2006): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200609533.

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The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's toxicity has undergone a resurgence with increasing evidence that it is not amyloid fibrils but a smaller oligomeric species that produces the deleterious results. In this paper we address the mechanism of this toxicity. Only oligomers increase the conductance of lipid bilayers and patch-clamped mammalian cells, producing almost identical current–voltage curves in both preparations. Oligomers increase the conductance of the bare bilayer, the cation conductance induced by nonactin, and the anion conductance induced by tetraphenyl borate. Negative charge red

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Oliva, A., H. Armas, and J. B. Fariña. "HPLC determination of polyethylene glycol 400 in urine: oligomeric profile in healthy and celiac disease subjects." Clinical Chemistry 40, no. 8 (1994): 1571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/40.8.1571.

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Abstract The absorption of orally administered polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used to assess intestinal permeability. We describe a simple HPLC technique to determine the oligomeric profile of PEG excreted in urine. We measured the total (%) PEG excreted in 6 h and the ratio of the four smallest oligomers to the three largest oligomers (expressed as mean percentages). The proposed method differentiates distinct groups of subjects with varying degrees of intestinal permeability detected by intestinal biopsy. The percent of PEG excreted and the oligomer ratio values for healthy subjects were

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VORTMAN, MARYNA, IRYNA FURTAT, POLINA VAKULIUK, VALENTYNA LEMESHKO, ANDRII PYLYPENKO, and VALERY SHEVCHENKO. "GUANIDINE-CONTAINING ALIPHATIC OLIGOMERS WITH BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY." Polymer journal 46, no. 2 (2024): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.46.02.127.

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A method for the synthesis of reactive aliphatic guanidine oligomers (GO) of different MM by the reaction of oligomeric oxyalkylaliphatic diepoxide with guanidine by varying the ratio of the starting components with subsequent neutralization of the obtained product with hydrochloric acid was developed. A characteristic feature of the structure of the obtained GO oligomers is their amphiphilicity, with the presence of hydroxy-containing guanidine fragments both at the ends and inside the chain. The obtained oligomers are reactive to further chemical transformations. The chemical structure of GO

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Karunarathne, Kanchana, Teresa R. Kee, Hanna Jeon та ін. "Crystal Violet Selectively Detects Aβ Oligomers but Not Fibrils In Vitro and in Alzheimer’s Disease Brain Tissue". Biomolecules 14, № 6 (2024): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14060615.

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Deposition of extracellular Amyloid Beta (Aβ) and intracellular tau fibrils in post-mortem brains remains the only way to conclusively confirm cases of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Substantial evidence, though, implicates small globular oligomers instead of fibrils as relevant biomarkers of, and critical contributors to, the clinical symptoms of AD. Efforts to verify and utilize amyloid oligomers as AD biomarkers in vivo have been limited by the near-exclusive dependence on conformation-selective antibodies for oligomer detection. While antibodies have yielded critical evidence for the role of bo

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27

Connell, J. W., J. G. Smith, and P. M. Hergenrother. "Imide Oligomers Containing Pendent and Terminal Phenylethynyl Groups—II." High Performance Polymers 10, no. 3 (1998): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/10/3/005.

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As part of a programme to develop high-performance/high-temperature structural resins for aeronautical applications, imide oligomers containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups were prepared, characterized and the cured resins evaluated as composite matrices. The oligomers were prepared at a calculated number-average molecular weight of 5000 g mol−1 and contained 15–20 mol% pendent phenylethynyl groups. In previous work, an oligomer containing pendent and terminal phenylethynyl groups exhibited a high glass transition temperature (∼313 °C), and laminates therefrom exhibited high compr

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28

Thoms, Sven. "Import of proteins into peroxisomes: piggybacking to a new home away from home." Open Biology 5, no. 11 (2015): 150148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.150148.

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Peroxisomes are capable of importing folded and oligomeric proteins. However, it is a matter of dispute whether oligomer import by peroxisomes is the exception or the rule. Here, I argue for a clear distinction between homo-oligomeric proteins that are essentially peroxisomal, and dually localized hetero-oligomers that access the peroxisome by piggyback import, localizing there in limited number, whereas the majority remain in the cytosol. Homo-oligomeric proteins comprise the majority of all peroxisomal matrix proteins. There is evidence that binding by Pex5 in the cytosol can regulate their

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Obels, Daniela, Melanie Lievenbrück, and Helmut Ritter. "From N-vinylpyrrolidone anions to modified paraffin-like oligomers via double alkylation with 1,8-dibromooctane: access to covalent networks and oligomeric amines for dye attachment." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (July 6, 2016): 1395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.133.

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The double alkylation of N-vinylpyrrolidone (N-VP) with 1,8-dibromooctane yields paraffin-like oligomeric chains bearing polymerizable vinyl moieties. These oligomers were radically crosslinked in bulk with N-VP as co-monomer yielding swellable polymer disks. The vinylic side groups of the N-VP oligomers allow thiol–ene click reactions with 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride to obtain reactive amino-functionalized oligomers. Further modification of the free amino groups with 1,4-difluoro-9,10-anthraquinone (DFA) yields red-colored oligomeric anthraquinone dyes. The final reaction of DFA-substitu

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Pils, Marlene, Alexandra Dybala, Fabian Rehn, et al. "Development and Implementation of an Internal Quality Control Sample to Standardize Oligomer-Based Diagnostics of Alzheimer’s Disease." Diagnostics 13, no. 10 (2023): 1702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13101702.

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Protein misfolding and aggregation are pathological hallmarks of various neurodegenerative diseases. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), soluble and toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are biomarker candidates for diagnostics and drug development. However, accurate quantification of Aβ oligomers in bodily fluids is challenging because extreme sensitivity and specificity are required. We previously introduced surface-based fluorescence intensity distribution analysis (sFIDA) with single-particle sensitivity. In this report, a preparation protocol for a synthetic Aβ oligomer sample was developed. This sampl

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Pandey, Rachit, та Brigita Urbanc. "Oligomer Formation by Physiologically Relevant C-Terminal Isoforms of Amyloid β-Protein". Biomolecules 14, № 7 (2024): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14070774.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder associated with amyloid β-protein (Aβ) assembly into toxic oligomers. In addition to the two predominant alloforms, Aβ1−40 and Aβ1−42, other C-terminally truncated Aβ peptides, including Aβ1−38 and Aβ1−43, are produced in the brain. Here, we use discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) and a four-bead protein model with amino acid-specific hydropathic interactions, DMD4B-HYDRA, to examine oligomer formation of Aβ1−38, Aβ1−40, Aβ1−42, and Aβ1−43. Self-assembly of 32 unstructured monomer peptides into oligomers is examined using 32 replica DMD traject

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Iljina, Marija, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Mathew H. Horrocks, et al. "Kinetic model of the aggregation of alpha-synuclein provides insights into prion-like spreading." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 9 (2016): E1206—E1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1524128113.

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The protein alpha-synuclein (αS) self-assembles into small oligomeric species and subsequently into amyloid fibrils that accumulate and proliferate during the development of Parkinson’s disease. However, the quantitative characterization of the aggregation and spreading of αS remains challenging to achieve. Previously, we identified a conformational conversion step leading from the initially formed oligomers to more compact oligomers preceding fibril formation. Here, by a combination of single-molecule fluorescence measurements and kinetic analysis, we find that the reaction in solution involv

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LIBONATI, Massimo, and Giovanni GOTTE. "Oligomerization of bovine ribonuclease A: structural and functional features of its multimers." Biochemical Journal 380, no. 2 (2004): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20031922.

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Bovine pancreatic RNase A (ribonuclease A) aggregates to form various types of catalytically active oligomers during lyophilization from aqueous acetic acid solutions. Each oligomeric species is present in at least two conformational isomers. The structures of two dimers and one of the two trimers have been solved, while plausible models have been proposed for the structures of a second trimer and two tetrameric conformers. In this review, these structures, as well as the general conditions for RNase A oligomerization, based on the well known 3D (three-dimensional) domain-swapping mechanism, a

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Eghiaian, Frederic, Thorsten Daubenfeld, Yann Quenet, et al. "Diversity in prion protein oligomerization pathways results from domain expansion as revealed by hydrogen/deuterium exchange and disulfide linkage." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 18 (2007): 7414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0607745104.

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The prion protein (PrP) propensity to adopt different structures is a clue to its biological role. PrP oligomers have been previously reported to bear prion infectivity or toxicity and were also found along the pathway of in vitro amyloid formation. In the present report, kinetic and structural analysis of ovine PrP (OvPrP) oligomerization showed that three distinct oligomeric species were formed in parallel, independent kinetic pathways. Only the largest oligomer gave rise to fibrillar structures at high concentration. The refolding of OvPrP into these different oligomers was investigated by

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de Klerk, G. J., and D. Engelen. "Assembly of Agrostemma githago (corn-cockle) storage proteins and their precursor proteins into oligomers." Biochemical Journal 230, no. 1 (1985): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2300269.

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The major fraction of seed storage proteins of Agrostemma githago (corn-cockle), a non-leguminous dicot, occurs as material with S20,w values of approximately 11S and approximately 2S, and a minor fraction as oligomers with S20,w values of approximately 6.5S. The 11S proteins are of the legumin type and consist of disulphide-linked α- and β-subunits of Mr approximately 39 000 and approximately 23 000 respectively. The oligomeric assembly of the precursor polypeptides of the 11S proteins was examined. The approximately 65 000-Mr precursor polypeptides of two 11S proteins, which consist of 38 00

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Vortman, M. Ya, Zh P. Kopteva, A. E. Kopteva, et al. "Antibacterial and Fungicidal Activity of Guanidinium Oligomers." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, no. 4 (2021): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.04.086.

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Guanidinium oligomers are a poorly studied class of organic compounds and attract attention due to their antimicrobial properties. Strengthening the antimicrobial properties and simplifying and reducing the cost of the synthesis of these compounds is promising for obtaining functional guanidine-containing oligomers with alkyl radicals of different lengths in their composition. The aim of this work is to study the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of newly synthesized oligomeric guanidinium bromides with alkyl radicals of various lengths. Methods. The synthesis of tetraalkyl-substituted gu

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Yumura, Takashi, та Hiroki Yamashita. "Key factors in determining the arrangement of π-conjugated oligomers inside carbon nanotubes". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, № 35 (2015): 22668–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp03433g.

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Dispersion corrected DFT calculations found different arrangements of π-conjugated oligomers inside a carbon nanotube, dependent on the type of oligomer, which are responsible for determining the oligomers’ electronic properties.

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Risti, Robert, Kathryn H. Gunn, Kristofer Hiis-Hommuk, et al. "Combined action of albumin and heparin regulates lipoprotein lipase oligomerization, stability, and ligand interactions." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0283358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283358.

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Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), a crucial enzyme in the intravascular hydrolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, is a potential drug target for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. The activity and stability of LPL are influenced by a complex ligand network. Previous studies performed in dilute solutions suggest that LPL can appear in various oligomeric states. However, it was not known how the physiological environment, that is blood plasma, affects the action of LPL. In the current study, we demonstrate that albumin, the major protein component in blood plasma, has a significant impact on LPL

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Tariq, Mamoona, Rabia Khokhar, Arslan Javed, et al. "Novel Hydrophilic Oligomer-Crosslinked Gelatin-Based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications." Gels 9, no. 7 (2023): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9070564.

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Gelatin-based hydrogels have shown good injectability and biocompatibility and have been broadly used for drug delivery and tissue regeneration. However, their low mechanical strengths and fast degradation rates must be modified for long-term implantation applications. With an aim to develop mechanically stable hydrogels, reactive anhydride-based oligomers were developed and used to fabricate gelatin-based crosslinked hydrogels in this study. A cascade of hydrophilic oligomers containing reactive anhydride groups was synthesized by free radical polymerization. These oligomers varied in degree

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De Rosa, Anna, Maria Ludovica Monaco, Mario Capasso, et al. "Adiponectin oligomers as potential indicators of adipose tissue improvement in obese subjects." European Journal of Endocrinology 169, no. 1 (2013): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-1039.

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ObjectiveAdiponectin is an adipocytokine that exerts beneficial effects on obesity and related disorders by two receptors (ADIPORs). Adiponectin is produced as a monomer that circulates in serum as different oligomers. The oligomerization state and the tissue expression of adiponectin and ADIPORs are linked to its biological activities. In this study, the levels of total adiponectin and its oligomers were evaluated in relation to obesity and surgical weight loss. The expression of adiponectin and ADIPORs was analyzed in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese patients.Design and met

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Alberto Lopes, Joao, Fabiano Reniero, Claude Guillou, and Emmanouil Tsochatzis. "Odd-Even Effect of Polyesters‘ Cyclic Oligomers and the Definition of Oligomers Based on Physicochemical Properties." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (2024): 2085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14052085.

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This work explores the definition and characterization of synthetic polymeric oligomers, chemical substances comprising a small number of repeated organic molecules. It highlights the lack of clarity surrounding the range of repeated units that can be classified as an oligomer, and how this definition is field-dependent. The present study focused on PET cyclic oligomers and revealed that the progression of the ring length from smaller to longer oligomers followed the well-known odd-even effect. This phenomenon affects the physical and chemical properties of oligomers and can also be observed w

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Aung-Htut, May T., Craig S. McIntosh, Kristin A. West, Sue Fletcher, and Steve D. Wilton. "In Vitro Validation of Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligomers." Molecules 24, no. 16 (2019): 2922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162922.

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One of the crucial aspects of screening antisense oligonucleotides destined for therapeutic application is confidence that the antisense oligomer is delivered efficiently into cultured cells. Efficient delivery is particularly vital for antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers, which have a neutral backbone, and are known to show poor gymnotic uptake. Here, we report several methods to deliver these oligomers into cultured cells. Although 4D-Nucleofector™ or Neon™ electroporation systems provide efficient delivery and use lower amounts of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer, both s

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Markina, Anastasia, Alexander Muratov, Vladislav Petrovskyy, and Vladik Avetisov. "Detection of Single Molecules Using Stochastic Resonance of Bistable Oligomers." Nanomaterials 10, no. 12 (2020): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10122519.

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Ultra-sensitive elements for nanoscale devices capable of detecting single molecules are in demand for many important applications. It is generally accepted that the inevitable stochastic disturbance of a sensing element by its surroundings will limit detection at the molecular level. However, a phenomenon exists (stochastic resonance) in which the environmental noise acts abnormally: it amplifies, rather than distorts, a weak signal. Stochastic resonance is inherent in non-linear bistable systems with criticality at which the bistability emerges. Our computer simulations have shown that the l

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Kurokawa, Nina, Mima Ogawa, Rio Midorikawa, et al. "A Study on the Temperature-Dependent Behavior of Small Heat Shock Proteins from Methanogens." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 12 (2025): 5748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26125748.

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Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight chaperones that prevent protein aggregation under cellular stress conditions. In the absence of stress, they assemble into large oligomers. In response to stress, such as elevated temperatures, they undergo conformational changes that expose hydrophobic surfaces, allowing them to interact with denatured proteins. At heat shock temperatures in bacteria, large sHsp oligomers disassemble into smaller oligomeric forms. Methanogens are a diverse group of microorganisms, ranging from thermophilic to psychrophilic and halophilic sp

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YAMADA, TOMOYUKI, and SHINICHI MORISHITA. "COMPUTING HIGHLY SPECIFIC AND NOISE-TOLERANT OLIGOMERS EFFICIENTLY." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 02, no. 01 (2004): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720004000454.

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The sequencing of the genomes of a variety of species and the growing databases containing expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and complementary DNAs (cDNAs) facilitate the design of highly specific oligomers for use as genomic markers, PCR primers, or DNA oligo microarrays. The first step in evaluating the specificity of short oligomers of about 20 units in length is to determine the frequencies at which the oligomers occur. However, for oligomers longer than about fifty units this is not efficient, as they usually have a frequency of only 1. A more suitable procedure is to consider the mismatch t

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Trikha, Saurabh, and Aleksandar M. Jeremic. "Clustering and Internalization of Toxic Amylin Oligomers in Pancreatic Cells Require Plasma Membrane Cholesterol." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 41 (2011): 36086–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.240762.

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Self-assembly of the human pancreatic hormone amylin into toxic oligomers and aggregates is linked to dysfunction of islet β-cells and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent evidence suggests that cholesterol, an essential component of eukaryotic cells membranes, controls amylin aggregation on model membranes. However, the pathophysiological consequence of cholesterol-regulated amylin polymerization on membranes and biochemical mechanisms that protect β-cells from amylin toxicity are poorly understood. Here, we report that plasma membrane (PM) cholesterol plays a key role in molecula

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Xue, Christine, Joyce Tran, Hongsu Wang, Giovanna Park, Frederick Hsu та Zhefeng Guo. "Aβ42 fibril formation from predominantly oligomeric samples suggests a link between oligomer heterogeneity and fibril polymorphism". Royal Society Open Science 6, № 7 (2019): 190179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190179.

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Amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Oligomers of different sizes, morphology and structures have been reported in both in vivo and in vitro studies, but there is a general lack of understanding about where to place these oligomers in the overall process of Aβ aggregation and fibrillization. Here, we show that Aβ42 spontaneously forms oligomers with a wide range of sizes in the same sample. These Aβ42 samples contain predominantly oligomers, and they quickly form fibrils upon incubation at 37°C. When fractionated using ultrafiltration filters

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Jugl, Adam, and Miloslav Pekař. "Hyaluronan-Arginine Interactions—An Ultrasound and ITC Study." Polymers 12, no. 9 (2020): 2069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092069.

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High-resolution ultrasound spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry were used to characterize interactions between hyaluronan and arginine oligomers. The molecular weight of arginine oligomer plays an important role in interactions with hyaluronan. Interactions were observable for arginine oligomers with eight monomer units and longer chains. The effect of the ionic strength and molecular weight of hyaluronan on interactions was tested. In an environment with increased ionic strength, the length of the arginine oligomer was crucial. Generally, sufficiently high ionic strength suppress

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Finbloom, D. S. "Subcellular characterization of the endocytosis of small oligomers of mouse immunoglobulin G in murine macrophages." Journal of Immunology 136, no. 3 (1986): 844–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.136.3.844.

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Abstract To characterize the internalization and degradation of model immune complexes in murine macrophages, the endocytosis of well-defined radiolabeled IgG dimers and heavy oligomers (5 to 7 IgG molecules per complex), which were covalently cross-linked at the antigen-combining site, was studied. Of those heavy oligomers which were bound to the cell at 4 degrees C, 50 to 60% (400,000 molecules of IgG) were internalized within 30 min at 37 degrees C and, subsequently, were completely degraded over a period of 3 hr. Low pH had little effect on the dissociation of the oligomer from its recepto

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Byrne, Patrick O., Kalina Hristova, and Daniel J. Leahy. "EGFR forms ligand-independent oligomers that are distinct from the active state." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 38 (2020): 13353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.012852.

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The human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that forms activated oligomers in response to ligand. Much evidence indicates that EGFR/ERBB1 also forms oligomers in the absence of ligand, but the structure and physiological role of these ligand-independent oligomers remain unclear. To examine these features, we use fluorescence microscopy to measure the oligomer stability and FRET efficiency for homo- and hetero-oligomers of fluorescent protein-labeled forms of EGFR and its paralog, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) in vesicles d

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