Relevant bibliographies by topics / Olympic games (Ancient)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Olympic games (Ancient)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Olympic games (Ancient)"

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PLEKET, H. W. "The Olympic Games in antiquity." European Review 12, no. 3 (2004): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798704000341.

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The Olympic Games are an invention of the ancient Greeks. They were held in Olympia in a quadrennial rhythm, without interruption for ca. 1200 years. Compared with the modern Olympics, the ancient programme was small: running events (over several distances), the pentathlon, and the so-called ‘heavy’ events: wrestling, boxing and pankration. Various equestrian events (with and without chariots) completed the programme. This programme is discussed with the athletes, their social background and ideology. Although in ancient Olympia a wreath of olive-leaves – a forerunner of our modern gold medal – was the first and only prize, there was no amateurism in Greek athletics. Olympic athletes happily participated in highly rewarding money games both before and after the Olympics. Money was not despised; abuse of money, in the form of Wine, Women and Song was criticized, but some athletes, then as now, were unable to resist the temptations of life.
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Stoiljković, Sofija. "Olympic entertainer." Metodicka praksa 26, m. br. (2023): 228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/metpra2302228s.

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Daily practice shows that educators, teachers, and children find it interesting to jointly organize sports events and competitions that they call "small Olympics, athletic Olympics - in the world of competition and the like". For example, similar to this was the final event of preschoolers in the primary school "Mladost" from Belgrade in June 2023. It is interesting to emphasize that before the new era, the Olympiads represented a unit of measure of 4 years between two Olympic Games. The Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games will be held in Paris in 2024. This paper is intended, primarily for those who are interested in the Olympic Games as the largest sports competition in the world, which is held every four years. In this paper, all members of one family can find something interesting, both the youngest and the oldest. The purpose of this paper is to acquaint readers of different ages with the origin of the Olympic Games, both ancient (Olympia before the new era) and these modern (renewed) ones that were created inspired by the ancient Olympic Games. This paper can serve as a good starting point, primarily for educators, but also for teachers, for planning project and teaching activities on the topic of the Olympic Games, sports competitions, mythology, winter and summer sports, Paralympic competitions, various symbols that are dominant before some planetary events in the near future such as the Olympic Games in Paris in 2024, as well as nations, continents and cities that at least briefly unite the idea of the Olympic Games.
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Miller, Peter J. "The Archaeology of Hellenism: Olympia and the Presence of the Past." Journal of Olympic Studies 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/26396025.5.1.01.

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Abstract Olympia holds a central place in conceptions of modern sport, Hellenism, and the Olympic Games. This article traces the concurrent development of the site and Panhellenism and Hellenism through its landscape, built environment, and its reception over the past 3,000 years. By tying together Pierre de Coubertin's Olympism to the physical landscape of ancient Olympia, this article argues that the site itself has contributed, through multiple permutations and through several key changes in the early Iron Age, Roman period, and nineteenth century to the global Hellenism that is at the foundation of the modern Olympic Games.
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WEILER, INGOMAR. "The predecessors of the Olympic movement, and Pierre de Coubertin." European Review 12, no. 3 (2004): 427–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798704000365.

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Coubertin's contribution to the revival of the Olympic Games and the widespread opinion that the modern Games were ‘a French invention’ should be placed in their broad historical context. There are several arguments for and against the assumption that he was the founder, or ‘father’, of the modern Olympics and the Olympic movement. The historical development of the Olympic ideas since the time of Humanism will be discussed, along with the Renaissance and the various attempts to organize Olympic Games before 1896, with a further emphasis on the importance of Neo-Humanism and classical scholarship in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries, in order better to understand ancient Greek athletics. Finally Pierre de Coubertin's concept of the Olympic Games and the contributions of the young Greek nation for the rebirth of the famous ancient games after the War of Independence will be analysed.
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Kouřil, Jiří. "“Olympism“ and Olympic Education in Greek Antiquity." Studia sportiva 13, no. 1 (2019): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2019-1-8.

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This paper deals with basic points which comprise Olympic and “sport“ education in the Greek antiquity. Until the emergence of professionalism in ancient athletics was the essence of "sport" education and Olympism the areas known as free “sport“, nudity, construction of “sports“ buildings, organizing of many games and relation of society to the Olympic winners as well as leading the citizens to cultural and philosophical ideals. The education itself to the Olympic Games and “sport“ had an important role in ancient Greece. Victory in the Panhellenic Games was very important not only for the victors as individuals, but also for their lineage and the city-state. Each victor entered the next level, which was close to the heroes and gods. They acquired semi-divine status and the homages for them by all society and mainly by the city-states were greatly important for cultural outputs and conception of all society. The influence of victors on youth was huge and this influence was one of the most important educational parts of all ancient Greek culture. The winners of great Panhellenic Games, especially the winners of the Olympic Games or περιοδονῑκοι (periodonikoi), were the best role models with big cultural power and the best examples for youth. Successes of ancient athletes supported sport education of young Greek boys, thus also the military training and this conception created better warriors and defenders of the city-states.
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van Wijngaarden, Gert Jan. "De druk van te hoge verwachtingen." Lampas 54, no. 2 (2021): 230–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/lam2021.2.004.wijn.

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Abstract The pleasant, quiet archaeological site of Olympia appears a far cry from the fame of the ancient Olympic Games, or from the spectacle of the modern variety. In this article, I discuss the end of ancient Olympia and the gradual re-emergence of the archaeological site. After Olympia was abandoned in early Byzantine times, its location was no longer remembered. However, its fame remained, partly through translations of ancient texts, notably Pausanias, partly through the revival of the Olympic Games in the 19th century. Early modern travelers and the French scholars who worked at the site as part of the Expedition de la Morée hoped that the site could fulfill their high expectations, in particular with regards to ancient sculpture. As the excavations continued, since 1875 as part of the research program of the German Archaeological Institute, the buried remains have revealed a different material reality. As a result of the combination of continuous research and restoration up until the present day the site of Olympia now provides an independent view on the past.
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GOLDEN, MARK. "War and Peace in the Ancient and Modern Olympics." Greece and Rome 58, no. 1 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383510000495.

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The past sleeps lightly at Olympia. Recall the opening sequence of Leni Riefenstahl's 1938 film, Olympia. In a misty landscape of ruined buildings, broken columns, and weeds run wild, a Greek temple stands amid the wreckage. Statues appear and then waken to life; a naked athlete throws a discus, another a javelin – this heads towards a bowl of fire. Another naked youth lights the Olympic torch and holds it high. It is carried from hand to hand in a relay and then reaches the stadium in Berlin, home of the 1936 Olympic Games, which the film is meant to celebrate. Adolf Hitler salutes the spectators, 100,000 strong.
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Girginov, Vassil, and Jim Parry. "Chapter 2 - THE ANCIENT OLYMPIC GAMES." Routledge Online Studies on the Olympic and Paralympic Games 1, no. 11 (2012): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/978-0-415-346047.ch002.

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Shvetsova, A. V., and Yu A. Fomin. "Professionalism and Amateurism in Modern Olympic Sports." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 12, no. 1 (2022): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2022-12-1-139-144.

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The Olympic Games were not the only major sporting event in ancient Greek civilisation. The Nemean, Pythian and Isthmian Games were held simultaneously. After the revival of the Olympic Games in 1896, modern Olympic sport has passed a difficult, albeit not so long-term path. But even earlier, around the middle of the XIX century, professional sports began to form in the developed countries of Europe and the United States. The appearance of professional athletes, both in the ancient world and in modern history, was essentially the result of those significant changes that occurred in the economic, social and political aspects of human life at the stages of its development and the evolution of sports competitions. It can be argued that professional sports (both in ancient and modern times) arose as a particular human activity, the content of which was sports. However, the problem of amateurs and professionalism in modern Olympic sports and the Olympic movement was one of the most significant in the context of introducing Olympic ideals into the life of society, solving the problem of “fair play” and allowing athletes to participate in major international competitions (Olympic Games, World Championships, etc.).
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Dubinsky, Yoav. "Analyzing the Roles of Country Image, Nation Branding, and Public Diplomacy through the Evolution of the Modern Olympic Movement." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 84, no. 1 (2019): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcssr-2019-0024.

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AbstractSince the Ancient Greek athletics and through the revivals of the Olympic Movement and the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896, countries, cities and governments have sought to take advantage by hosting Olympic Games and other sport events. The purpose of this study is to analyze the different facets of country image through the evolution of the Olympic movement. Countries and governments used and will continue to use the Games to renovate infrastructure, build new facilities, expose local products and new technologies, leverage tourism, improve the local and international political and social image, promote tourism and show superiority on the sports field that will enable them to try and reach their economic, political and social goals. The article is significant as it analyzes how countries, cities, communities, and other pressure groups used the Olympic Games, since the revival of the Olympic Movement in the late 19th century, the new traditions after World War I, the political era after World War II and during the Cold War, the commercialized era and the legacy-oriented era in early 21st century.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Olympic games (Ancient)"

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Colonge, Victor. "Le rôle des grands sanctuaires dans la vie internationale en Grèce aux Ve et IVe siècles av. J.-C." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN096/document.

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Malgré leurs divisions politiques, les Grecs reconnaissaient l’existence de sanctuaires qui leur étaient communs. Or, à côté de leurs fonctions religieuses, ces grands sanctuaires jouèrent aussi un rôle indéniable dans la politique internationale aux Ve et IVe siècles avant notre ère. En effet, les quatre plus grands, les sanctuaires de Delphes, de l’Isthme, de Némée et d’Olympie, organisaient des concours panhelléniques et recevaient des offrandes venues de tout le monde grec. Certes, les sanctuaires communs pouvaient aussi rassembler tout ou partie des Hellènes, dans le cadre de koina ou d’alliances militaires, mais ils étaient avant tout des lieux de mise en scène des rivalités entre les États grecs. C’est pourquoi ceux-ci cherchèrent à exercer un contrôle plus ou moins direct sur eux. Ainsi, lorsque le caractère commun du lieu sacré s’était traduit par la mise en place d’institutions, celles-ci pouvaient voir s’exprimer des rapports de force entre les différents membres. Surtout, en particulier dans le cas des sanctuaires se situant sur des confins, la volonté de maîtriser des sanctuaires communs pouvait donner lieu à des conflits mêlant politique et religion, le contrôle d’un sanctuaire étant alors la clé de l’hégémonie sur la région dont il était le centre cultuel. Néanmoins, les grands sanctuaires ne furent pas que des enjeux entre puissances : les oracles et les familles sacerdotales qui y étaient responsables du culte pouvaient incontestablement prendre position dans les luttes pour l’hégémonie en Grèce. De plus, ces sanctuaires pouvaient parfois servir d’interfaces entre la civilisation hellénique et les cultures voisines (Perses, Étrusques, Libyens…)<br>Despite their political divisions, Greeks knew the existence of sanctuaries who were common to them. However, in addition to their religious functions, these great sanctuaries played too an undeniable in international policy in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. The four greatest sanctuaries (Delphi, Isthmia, Nemea and Olympia) organized panhellenic games and received consecrations from all the Greek world. Moreover, common sanctuaries could gather all the Hellenes or a part of them in koina or military alliances, but they were above all places for rivalries between Greek states. That is why these tried to control them more or less directly. Thus, when the common characteristics of the sacred place had resulted in specific institutions, these could be the scene of conflicts between different protagonists. Above all, particularly with sanctuaries on the borders, the will of control of great sanctuaries coul result in both political and religious wars. The control of a sanctuary was then the key of the hegemony on the country of which it was the religious center. Nevertheless, great sanctuaries were not only stakes between powers: oracles and priestly families who were in charge of the temple could unquestionably intervene in struggles for hegemony in Greece. Moreover, these sanctuaries could sometimes be places of contact between Hellenic civilization and neighbouring cultures (Persians, Etruscans, Libyans, etc.)
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"The contribution of the Olympic spirit and the Olympic Games to paideia." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2570.

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M.A. (Greek)<br>The three mutually divided parallels of space, time and the peoples who crossed the Mediterranean, transformed the militant disposition of the Greek people into the athletic ideal. This competitive spirit accompanies the Greeks since the Age of Mythology: it formulates their legends, is linked with their religion, is included in their martial acts, serves as the foundation of their education and is conveyed in all forms of their lives. Crete, the island where we encounter the first indications of the subsequent athletic Greek spirit, lies on the border between the eastern peoples and Egypt on the one hand and Mycenaean Greece on the other. When the historical fate of the Greeks scatters them in the most remote regions, the athletic ideal will compromise the conjunctive link amongst them, which is expressed by their involvement in the Pan-Hellenic games. The five days of the Olympic Games, which constituted a feast of the body and spirit and were manifested by the participation of citizens from all the Greek city – states, ensconced the idea of pan Hellenic unity. During the Hellenistic Age, when Hellenism rooted, the long-lived public institution of the games also deeply established itself. The Olympic Games presented the first signs of decline during the 4th century A.D. Ever since the subjugation of Greece to the Romans, having been cut off from the roots which gave birth to them, the Games progressively to began decline until finally they were abolished, while new ideological doctrines, such as Christianity, began to prevail in the world of the Eastern Mediterranean. During the 18th century, the deeper search of classic antiquity by traditional humanism, presents the demand of reconstitution of the Olympic Games by Baron Pierre de Coubertin. The Games are reestablished in Athens in 1896 and the Zappeia Olympics serve as the connecting link with the ancient Greek Olympic Games. Since 1896 up to this date, 28 contemporary Olympiads, which have traveled to various cities of the world, have taken place, having already completed 108 years of existence. Today the Olympic Games constitute the leading athletic event of our planet as well as the celebration of peace and coexistence amongst peoples. On the threshold of the 21st century, humanists, who for centuries have ensured the unity and universality of education, propose the introduction of the subject of ‘Olympic Education’ in schools. Today, in the dawn of the 3rd millenium, the Olympic Games which fulfill an ecumenical mission, returned to the country where they were born and to the city where they were revived. In the year 2004 Greece was called upon to elect the Olympic ideals, placing athletics in the service of peace.
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Books on the topic "Olympic games (Ancient)"

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Swaddling, Judith. The ancient Olympic Games. British Museum, 1999.

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Middleton, Haydn. Ancient Olympic games. Heinemann Library, 2008.

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Arapogiannē, Xenē. Olympia: The cradle of the Olympic Games. ISP (International Sport Publications), 2004.

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Pleket, H. W., joint author., ed. The Olympic Games: The first thousand years. Dover Publications, 2005.

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author, Mei Piero 1942, ed. L'idea olimpica: Dall'antica Grecia a de Coubertin. Eurilink, 2014.

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Seçilmş, Korhan. Antik zamandan günümüze Olimpiyat oyunları. İl Press, 2004.

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Lindsay, Adams W., and Gerlach Larry R, eds. The Olympic Games: Ancient and modern. Pearson Custom Pub., 2002.

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Richard, Tames. Ancient Olympics. Rigby, 1996.

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Mauromatakē, Maria. Olympia kai Olympiakoi Agōnes: Apo tēn archaiotēta mechri sēmera. Ekdoseis Kastaniōtē, 2002.

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Badinou, Panayota. Olympiaka, anthologie des sources grecques. Comité International Olympique, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Olympic games (Ancient)"

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Gaitatzes, A., D. Christopoulos, and G. Papaioannou. "Virtual Reality Systems and Applications: The Ancient Olympic Games." In Advances in Informatics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11573036_15.

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Efstathiou, Kyriakos, Marianna Efstathiou, Alexandros Basiakoulis, Harriet Cliffen, Nenad Joncic, and Rafaella Georgiou. "The Holistic Documentation of Movable Cultural Heritage Objects - The Case of the Antikythera Mechanism." In 3D Research Challenges in Cultural Heritage III. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35593-6_6.

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AbstractThe Antikythera Mechanism is the oldest extant complex geared device, and an amazing example of an early analogue computer. It was built approximately 2150 years ago. The device was operated manually by a user, who would set a date on a dial. All necessary calculations were made using a set of gears (at least 39), while the results were displayed on several scientific scales. The Mechanism was used to calculate the diurnal and annual motion of the Sun, the Moon and probably the planets among the stars. It implemented the astronomical knowledge of ancient Greeks about the motion of these celestial bodies with astonishing accuracy, taking into account the anomalous orbit of the Moon using a system of eccentric gears. It could also predict eclipses of the Sun and the Moon from the Saros period, which was found in one of its scales. It calculated the dates of the major crown games that took place in ancient Greece (e.g. the Olympic Games). Finally, it was accompanied by an extended User’s Manual. More than 20 references to astronomical mechanisms can be found in classical literature from 50 BC to 500 AD. In this study, the first approach for a holistic documentation of the Antikythera Mechanism is presented.
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Rawson, Glenn. "Ancient Olympia: Athletic Games and Intellectual Contests." In Meet the Philosophers of Ancient Greece. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315249223-73.

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"THE ANCIENT OLYMPIC GAMES." In The Olympic Games Explained. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203331705-8.

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Pope, S. W. "Olympic Spectacles and the Redemption of the Amateur Ethos." In Patriotic Games. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195091335.003.0003.

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Abstract The revival of the Olympic Games by a French aristocrat, the Baron Pierre de Coubertin, proved to be the pivotal episode in the making of an American athletic identity. Convinced that the disciplined austerity and sports­ manship required of the English rugby players had produced empire builders and men of character, Coubertin conceived a modern athletic festival that would promote cooperative internationalism throughout Western society. Coubertin’s philosophy of “olympism” (the philosophy and world-view of the Olympic movement) embraced the best of ancient Greece; the proven power of English muscular Christianity; rhythm; art; beauty; and a balancing of body, mind, and soul. Such a synthesis might lead a man, the Baron thought (as did Socrates), to “knowledge of himself and of the right way to live.” Like other bourgeois liberals, Coubertin was torn between beliefs in both the individualistic ethos and nationalism. These ideological tensions led to an institutional action in 1894 when the International Olympic Committee ruled that individuals could compete only as representatives of their country’s national Olympic committees. The contradiction between the internationalist Olympic vision and nationalistic rivalry reflected the world-unifying and world-fragmenting tendencies of advanced capitalism itself.
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Bertling a, Christoph, and Stephan Wassong b. "Striving for Athletic Excellence: A Core Value and Challenge for the Profile of the Ancient and Modern Olympic Games." In Olympic Perspectives. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228655-6.

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Instone, Stephen. "Origins of the Olympics." In Pindar’s Poetry, Patrons, and Festivals. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199296729.003.0003.

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Abstract This chapter is not called ‘The Origins of the Olympics’. That would have introduced an inappropriate suggestion of definiteness, since the very subject- matter of the formation of both the Olympic festival and athletics events within it does not allow certainty, straddling as it does the interface of history with myth. As Aristotle said at the beginning of the Nicomachean Ethics, ‘It is a mark of the trained mind never to expect more precision in the treatment of any subject than the nature of that subject permits’ (NE 1. 3). And the ancient Olympic Games are complex because they embraced not just physical endeavour but also several other aspects of Greek life, for example, religion and politics.
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"General Introduction." In Pindar: Selected Odes, edited by Stephen Instone. Liverpool University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9780856686689.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the Ancient Greek lyric poet Pindar and reviews surviving short biographies, biographical notes, and anecdotes that purport to give information about his life. It reviews Pindar's Odes, which includes five victory poems: Olympian One, Phythian Nine, Nemean Two, Nemean Three, and Isthmian One. It also details Olympian One, which celebrates the victory of Hieron in the horse race at the Olympic Games of 476 BC and Pythian Nine, which talks about Telesicrates's life. The chapter discusses Nemean Two, which was composed for the victor in the pancration at the Nemean Games that were in honour of Zeus and Nemean Three, which was composed for Arlstocleidas, another victor in the pancration. It analyses Isthmian One, which was composed for the victor Herodotus, who competed at the chariot event.
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Simon, Robert L. "Competitive Sport: Education or Mis-Education?" In The Ethics of Sport. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190270209.003.0005.

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Is there an historical connection between sport and education? In the West at least, organized competitive sport goes back beyond the founding of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece, probably around 776 B.C.E. Athletic contests surely are likely to be even older. As philosopher...
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Valavanis, Panos. "Popular religion and the beginnings of the Olympic Games." In Popular Religion and Ritual in Prehistoric and Ancient Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvndv50x.22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Olympic games (Ancient)"

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Grosu, Vasile. "Jocurile olimpice – eveniment social sportiv." In Congresul Ştiinţific Internaţional "Sport. Olimpism. Sănătate". State University of Physical Education and Sport, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52449/soh22.24.

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Within this article is briefly described the mythical appearance of the ancient Olympic Games, and the rebirth of the modern Olympic Games, it was made an analysis of the course of the modern Olympic Games from the perspective of organizing and conducting the games.At the same time, there are other cultural, religious, and sports games that were organized and held at the same time or successively as the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece. There are highlighted the major problems facing the International Olympic Committee in organizing the Olympic Games, in particular, the boycotts of the Olympic Games by the National Olympic Committee members of the International Olympic Committee, acts of terrorism on the territory of the Olympic village, military conflicts during Olympic Games, political ambitions, etc.
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Radchenko, Lidia, Valentina Ermolova та Irina Kroli. "Культурно-образовательная составляющая современного олимпийского движения: содержательный аспект". У Congresul Ştiinţific Internaţional "Sport. Olimpism. Sănătate". State University of Physical Education and Sport, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52449/soh22.74.

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Studies of the issue of the study of the cultural and educational component of the modern Olympic movement make it possible to single out two groups of publications: the first of which includes works devoted to the socio-philosophical problems of physical culture and sports in general; the second - the analysis of the goals and objectives of the Olympic movement, its ideals and values, Olympism as a philosophical and cultural concept. At the same time, the content of the cultural and educational component of the Olympic movement remains a topical issue. The ancient Olympic Games are the starting point for understanding the Olympic symbols and rituals, their new interpretation and revival at the end of the 19th century by the founder of the modern Olympic movement, Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Studies allow us to note that the cultural and educational heritage of the ancient Olympic Games should be considered in two directions: material artifacts (architecture, literary and artistic works, sculptures, household items, etc.) and spiritual values (kalokagatiya, athlete’s honor code, ekehiriya and others). The cultural and educational component of the modern Olympic movement can be considered in terms of the following components: environment, artifacts, language, documents, symbols, heroes, stories, rituals, ceremonies.
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Morozov, A. I., L. E. Shkolnikova, and R. R. Valinurov. "Historical aspects of the heritage of the ancient Olympic Games." In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-06-2018-68.

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Dimitrov, Iliya. "EVOLUTION OF TAEKWONDO FROM SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL PRACTICE TO A MARTIAL SPORT." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/74.

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ABSTRACT The evolution and development of each system follow the dynamic pace of everyday life, technological progress, consumer’s interests and needs satisfaction, adaptation to modern socio-economic conditions, and other important factors. The aim of the present study is to track peculiarities in the evolutionary development of taekwondo from spiritual and cultural practice to a martial art. The object of this study is the system of Taekwondo WT. The subject of our research are the stages in the development of Taekwondo WT, transformations in the legal framework of the World Taekwondo Feder-ation, and some specific and essential aspects of the system. The evolutionary stages in the transformation of Taekwondo WT, proposed by the author, are part of a wider concept related to its institutionalization. Various literature sources and key documents of the World Taekwondo Federation from different periods of the system were studied through the application of content analysis. The results indicate that Taekwondo WT is a system with a wide range and consumer interest. The inclusion of WT taekwondo as a major sport in the Olympic Games not only attracts more users, but also leads to dynamic transformations in the legal framework of the World Federation, to the implementation of technical devices to increase objectivity in competitions and to the launch of new products and services. In addition, different approaches are being adapted to increase the audience’s interest in WT taekwondo events, as well as different practices by sport clubs are being applied to meet the needs of the consumers. The reviewed WT taekwondo system, its current state and stages of development, clearly outline a departure from the ancient ideology and philosophy of the martial arts at the expense of a global scale and scope, leading to today’s typical goals - segmentation, meeting different consumer needs, achieving high sports results, more people involved, easy accessibility, etc.
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