Dissertations / Theses: 'OMJ'

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Barbosa, Augusto Cesar Barros. "Oscilações intrasazonais no Indo-Pacífico e na zona de convergência do Atlântico Sul: estudo observacional e numérico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/14/14133/tde-25062013-120942/.

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O presente trabalho foi particularmente motivado pela necessidade de se compreender a variabilidade do sinal intrasazonal relacionado a eventos extremos da Oscilação de Madden-Julian (OMJ) fator consensual na mudança do clima em diversas regiões do globo terrestre, em virtude de seus padrões de teleconexão atmosférica. Tal necessidade exige habilidades diferenciadas, como as apresentadas para o modelo OLAM v3.3 no decorrer do presente estudo. Foram utilizados dados observacionais da Reanálises II do NCEP (campo de vento em 200 e 850 mb) assim como variáveis obtidas por satélites (Radiação de Onda Longa Emergente ROL) para avaliar a estrutura atmosférica na escala de tempo intrasazonal. O campo diário de TSM foi assimilado pelo modelo numérico como principal forçante atmosférica para a geração do sinal intrasazonal; além disso, aninhamentos de grade foram acionados para melhor resolver os processos de menor escala essenciais para formar os processos na grande escala, os quais são intrínsecos ao sinal intrasazonal. Métodos estatísticos com um nível de significância em 5% foram aplicados para validar os resultados obtidos com a modelagem numérica em detrimento as observações. As observações mostraram que o ano de 2002 apresentou uma maior variabilidade intrasazonal na região do INDO-PACÍFICO associada a eventos da OMJ em relação aos outros anos em análise, tanto para o verão quanto para o inverno no HS. De outra forma, para a modelagem numérica, os anos de 2001/2002 apresentaram maior variabilidade na escala de tempo intrasazonal na região de controle INDI com forte influência remota na região da América do Sul/ZCAS para o verão de 2002. O estudo de caso observacional de 22 de dezembro de 2002, mostrou que o principal mecanismo para a interação remota entre a região de controle INDI e a ZCAS2 foi gerado por uma combinação entre o PSA-curto e o guia preferencial de ondas 2. A modelagem numérica sugere que a variabilidade intrasazonal representada pelo modelo OLAM v3.3 independe da distribuição temporal dos campos de TSM. No entanto, evidências mostraram que o sinal modelado será tanto melhor quanto maior a variabilidade da energia intrasazonal no campo de TSM assimilado pelo modelo numérico. Em detrimento à convenção de Grell, a parametrização de cúmulos profundo do tipo Kuo apresentou maior variabilidade temporal na região de controle INDI para a DIV200mb em todo período analisado, favorecendo uma maior atividade convectiva para aquela região, inclusive na escala de tempo intrasazonal. Sucessivos aninhamentos de grade sugerem que a energia intrasazonal tende a aumentar significativamente à medida que se aumenta o número de grades aninhadas. Para o estudo de caso de 01 de julho de 2001, via modelagem numérica, foram necessários 30 dias para a OMJ inverter seu padrão na região de controle INDI, e somente após essa inversão foi encontrado atividade convectiva na escala de tempo intrasazonal sobre a região da ZCAS. Dessa forma, o OLAM v3.3 superestima o tempo de meio ciclo dessa oscilação e consequentemente o tempo de resposta sobre a AS, em particular na região da ZCAS2. Outro aspecto relevante se refere à diferença na quantidade de energia intrasazonal que o OLAM v3.3 simula na região INDI quando há aninhamento de grade na região da ZCAS. Este fato, juntamente com a inversão de sinal descrita acima, sugere uma interação do tipo gangorra convectiva entre a região INDI e a região ZCAS. O espectro de energia da TSO para a divergência ao nível de 200 mb, mostrou que o OLAM v3.3 subestima a energia do sinal intrasazonal na região do oceano Índico em quase a metade do valor real observado. Todavia, as observações mostraram que a energia espectral intrasazonal da divergência em 200 mb na região de controle ZCAS2, para a escala de 43 dias, foi da ordem de 0,42 x 10-10 s-2, resultando em uma diferença positiva de 0,08 x 10-10 s-2 em relação ao valor numérico obtido. Por fim, a metodologia do traçado de raios mostrou que os números de onda 2, 3 e 4 são bem representados pelo OLAM v3.3 na região tropical, corroborando com a habilidade do modelo em reproduzir os padrões de teleconexão atmosférica gerados no evento da OMJ de 01 de julho de 2001.
This work was particularly motivated by the need to understand the variability of the intraseasonal signal, in relation to extreme events of the Madden-Julian Oscillation consensual factor in the weather changes at different regions of the globe, due its atmospheric teleconnection patterns. For this need, it\'s totally necessary special skills, such as those presented in this job for the OLAM model v3.3. In this job, observational datasets were used from the Reanalysis II/NCEP (wind fields at 200 and 850 mb), as also variables obtained by satellites (OLR) to assess the atmospheric profile in the intraseasonal time scale. The SST daily field was assimilated by the numerical OLAM model v3.3 to forcing the sign in the intraseasonal time scale. However, mesh refinement level also was activated for better resolve the smaller scale processes essentials to form key processes in large scale and relevant to intraseasonal signs generation. Statistical methods with 5% significance level, were applied to validate the results obtained with the numerical modeling in detriment to the observational results. The observations has shown that the year 2002 presented a higher intraseasonal variability in the INDO-PACIFIC region associated with MJO events, in detriment of the other years under review, both for summer as for Austral winter. Otherwise, for the numerical modeling, the years 2001/2002 presented higher variability in the intraseasonal time scale over the Indian ocean region showing strongest remote influences over the South America/SACZ to the Austral summer of 2002. The observational case study of December 22, 2002, showed that the main mechanism for the remote interaction between control region over Indian ocean and the SACZ2 control region, was generated by combination among a short-PSA and a preferential wave guide 2. The numerical modeling suggests that the intraseasonal variability represented by the OLAM model v3.3 is independent of the temporal distribution of the SST fields. However, evidences has shown that the sign will be better represented how much greater the intraseasonal energy variability in the SST fields assimilated by the numerical model. In detriment to Grell\'s convention, the Kuo\'s deep cumulus parameterization has showed greater temporal variability in the Indian ocean region for the divergence at 200 mb throughout analyzed period, favoring convective activity in the intraseasonal time scale for that region. Successive nesting grids suggests that the intraseasonal energy tends to increase significantly, when increases the number of nested grids. For the case study of July 1, 2001, via numerical modeling, were necessary 30 days to reverse the MJO\'s signal pattern in the Indian ocean region, and only after this reversal, was found convective activity in the intraseasonal time scale over the SACZ region. Thus, the results obtained with the OLAM model v3.3 suggests overestimation of the half cycle of oscillation and, consequently, the time response over the South America region, in particular over the SACZ2 region. Another important aspect refers to the difference at the intraseasonal energy amount simulated by the OLAM model v3.3 for the Indian ocean region, when is applied nesting grids over the SACZ region. This fact, together with the sign inversion described above, suggests an interaction of the type \"convective seesaw\" between the Indian ocean region and the SACZ region. The wavelets power spectrum for the divergence at 200 mb has shown that OLAM model v3.3 underestimates the intraseasonal signal energy over the Indian ocean region in about half the actual value observed. However, observations has shown that the spectral intraseasonal energy of the divergence at 200 mb in the ZCAS2 region, for 43 day\'s scale, was approximately 0.42 x 10-10 s-2, resulting in a positive difference of 0.08 x 10-10 s-2 in relation to the numerical value obtained. Finally, the methodology of the ray tracing showed that wave numbers 2, 3 and 4 were well represented by the OLAM model v3.3 for the tropical region, confirming the model ability to reproduce the atmospheric teleconnection patterns, as shown for MJO\'s event July 1, 2001.

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Valad?o, Cati Elisa de Avila. "Impacts of the Madden-Julian oscillation on intraseasonal precipitation over northeast Brazil." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2015. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20695.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
The impacts of the Madden?Julian Oscillation (MJO) on precipitation over Northeast Brazil (NEB, also known as Nordeste) are evaluated based on daily raingauge data from 492 stations over 30-year period (1981-2010). Composites of precipitation, outgoing longwave radiation and moisture-flux anomalies are performed for each phase of the MJO based on the Jones?Carvalho MJO index. To distinguish the MJO signal from other patterns of climate variability, daily data are filtered using a 20 - 90 day band-pass filter; only days classified as MJO events are considered in the composites. A preliminary analysis based on precipitation data was conducted for a small scale area located in NEB?s semiarid interior, in an area known as Serid?. The Serid? is one of the driest regions in NEB, and is recognized by the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification as particularly vulnerable to desertification. Composites of rainfall anomalies were computed for each of the eight phases of the MJO during February-May, which is Serid??s main rainy season. Results showed that the rainfall patterns in Serid? undergo substantial changes (from enhancement to suppression) as the convective center of the MJO propagates eastward. When combining the MJO signals for wet and dry phases, the difference represents about 50 - 150% modulation of the mean rainfall over Serid?. Then a comprehensive analysis of the role of the MJO in modulating the spatiotemporal variation of NEB?s precipitation was performed, considering all four seasons. The results showed strong seasonality of the MJO impact on precipitation. The most spatially coherent signals of precipitation anomalies occurred in the austral summer, when about 80% of the raingauge stations showed increased precipitation during phases 1 - 2 and suppressed precipitation in phases 5 - 6 of the oscillation. Although the MJO impacts precipitation on intraseasonal timescales in all seasons in most locations, these impacts vary in magnitude and depend on the phase of the oscillation. Precipitation anomalies over NEB are explained by the interaction of convectively coupled Kelvin-Rossby waves with the dominant climatic features in each season. During the austral summer and spring, westerly regimes increased precipitation over most NEB. In the austral winter and fall, precipitation anomalies exhibited more complex spatial variability. In these seasons precipitation anomalies in eastern coastal areas depended on the strength of the South Atlantic anticyclone, which is largely modulated by Rossby waves. The strengthening of the anticyclone intensified the convergence of the trade winds in coastal areas and precipitation windward of the coastal range. Conversely, the intensification of the subsidence was responsible for precipitation deficits in the lee side of the range. These conditions were typically observed when easterly regimes dominate over tropical South America and NEB, decreasing moisture flow from the Amazon.
Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar os impactos da oscila??o de Madden-Julian (OMJ) na precipita??o da regi?o Nordeste do Brasil (NEB). Para tanto foram utilizados dados di?rios de precipita??o baseados em 492 pluvi?metros distribu?dos na regi?o e cobrindo um per?odo de 30 anos (1981 ? 2010). As an?lises atrav?s de composi??es de anomalias de precipita??o, radia??o de onda longa e fluxo de umidade, foram obtidas com base no ?ndice da OMJ desenvolvido por Jones-Carvalho. Para distinguir o sinal da OMJ de outros padr?es de variabilidade clim?tica, todos os dados di?rios foram filtrados na escala de 20 ? 90 dias; portanto somente dias classificados como eventos da OMJ foram considerados nas composi??es. Uma an?lise preliminar baseada apenas nos dados de precipita??o foi feita para uma pequena ?rea localizada no interior semi?rido do NEB, conhecida como Serid?. Essa microrregi?o ? uma das ?reas mais secas do NEB e foi reconhecida pela Conven??o das Na??es Unidas para o Combate ? Desertifica??o e Mitiga??o dos Efeitos das Secas como particularmente vulner?vel ? desertifica??o. Composi??es de anomalias de precipita??o foram feitas para cada uma das oito fases da OMJ durante Fevereiro-Maio (principal per?odo chuvoso da microrregi?o). Os resultados mostraram a exist?ncia de varia??es significativas nos padr?es de precipita??o (de precipita??o excessiva ? deficiente) associados ? propaga??o da OMJ. A combina??o dos sinais de precipita??o obtidos durantes as fases ?midas e secas da OMJ mostrou que a diferen?a corresponde cerca de 50 ? 150% de modula??o das chuvas na microrregi?o. Em seguida, uma investiga??o abrangente sobre o papel da OMJ sobre toda a regi?o Nordeste foi feita considerando-se as quatro esta??es do ano. Os resultados mostraram que os impactos da OMJ na precipita??o intrassazonal do NEB apresentam forte sazonalidade. A maior coer?ncia espacial dos sinais de precipita??o ocorreram durante o ver?o austral, quando cerca de 80% das esta??es pluviom?tricas apresentaram anomalias positivas de precipita??o durante as fases 1 ? 2 da OMJ e anomalias negativas de precipita??o nas fases 5 ? 6 da oscila??o. Embora impactos da OMJ na precipita??o intrassazonal tenham sido encontrados na maioria das localidades e em todas as esta??es do ano, eles apresentaram varia??es na magnitude dos sinais e dependem da fase da oscila??o. As anomalias de precipita??o do NEB observadas s?o explicadas atrav?s da intera??o existente entre as ondas de Kelvin-Rossby acopladas convectivamente e as caracter?sticas clim?ticas predominantes sobre a regi?o em cada esta??o do ano. O aumento de precipita??o observado sobre a maior parte do NEB durante o ver?o e primavera austrais encontra-se associado com o fluxo de umidade de oeste (regime de oeste), o qual favorece a atividade convectiva em amplas ?reas da Am?rica do Sul tropical. Por outro lado, as anomalias de precipita??o durante o inverno e outono austrais apresentaram uma variabilidade espacial mais complexa. Durante estas esta??es, as anomalias de precipita??o observadas nas esta??es localizadas na costa leste do NEB dependem da intensidade do anticiclone do Atl?ntico Sul, o qual ? modulado em grande parte por ondas de Rossby. As caracter?sticas topogr?ficas do NEB parecem desempenhar um papel importante na variabilidade observada na precipita??o, principalmente nestas ?reas costeiras. A intensifica??o do anticiclone aumenta a converg?ncia dos ventos al?sios na costa contribuindo para a ocorr?ncia de precipita??o observada ? barlavento do planalto da Borborema. Por outro lado, o aumento da subsid?ncia parece ser respons?vel pelos d?ficits de precipita??o observados ? sotavento. Tais condi??es mostraram-se t?picas durante o predom?nio do regime de leste sobre a regi?o tropical da Am?rica do Sul e o NEB, durante o qual ocorre uma diminui??o no fluxo de umidade proveniente da Amaz?nia.

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Johnson, Ian J. M. "Otitis Media with Effusion - investigation into aspects of rheology biochemistry and inflammatory mediators." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287845.

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singh, supriya. "NOVEL PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS REGULATE THE PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE PRO- APOPTOTIC SERINE PROTEASE, OMI/HTRA2." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4091.

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Omi/HtrA2 is a mitochondrial serine protease with high homology to the bacterial HtrA proteins. Omi promotes caspase-dependent apoptosis by binding and degrading IAPs-inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. Omi can also induce caspase-independent apoptosis but the actual mechanism is still unknown. IAP's are not the only substrates cleaved by Omi. There are at least two more known substrates of Omi, the HAX-1 and the ped/pea-15 proteins. HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a mitochondrial protein, degraded by Omi after induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Ped/pea-15 is also an anti-apoptotic protein and is cleaved by Omi after induction of caspase-independent apoptosis. The proteolytic activity of Omi is necessary and essential for its pro-apoptotic function. Recent studies suggest the proteolytic activity of Omi is regulated by specific protein-protein interactions. Presenilin was identified to be such a regulator of Omi. It binds to the PDZ domain of Omi via its carboxy-terminus and this interaction significantly increases the proteolytic activity of the enzyme. My project was aimed to investigate the normal function of Omi in cell death and the mechanism of its regulation by isolating and characterizing novel Omi interactors. I screened a human melanocyte cDNA library using the yeast-two-hybrid system and Omi as the "bait" protein. Human Rad21 protein was isolated as a specific novel interactor of Omi. Human Rad21 interacted with the PDZ domain of Omi, the part of the protein known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. Human Rad21 is a nuclear protein that plays a role in DNA double-strand break repair and sister chromatid cohesion during metaphase. Several reports suggest hRad21 has also a role in apoptosis; it is cleaved by caspase-3 and part of the protein becomes cytoplasmic. Human Rad21 was not cleaved by Omi in vitro and therefore it is unlikely to be a substrate. When tested in a proteolytic assay Rad21 was able to increase the proteolytic activity of Omi. My work suggests a new mechanism whereby Omi and hRad21 can co-operate to induce cell death. This mechanism necessitates direct interaction of hRad21 with the PDZ domain of Omi resulting in increased proteolytic activity of the enzyme.
M.S.
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology
Burnett College of Biomedical Sciences
Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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Huila, Anton, and Ludvig Bergman. "Det förbryllande sambandet mellan risk och avkastning : En studie av de nordiska finansiella marknaderna." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-27806.

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Purpose: The purpose of the study is to in a comparative and causal way explore whether there is a relationship between risk and return and also how it is perceived on the Nordic financial markets. Theory: The theoretical frame of reference applied in the thesis is considered relevant inthe perspective of the study’s purpose and research questions. We have among other theories used The Capital Asset Pricing Model, The Efficient Market Hypothesis and various Behavioural finance theories. Method: The study has its starting point in a quantitative approach with a quantitative data analysis supported by secondary data extracted from Thomson Reuters. Empirics: The empirics contains regression analyses made from calculated secondary data of 240 randomly chosen companies from Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, NasdaqOMX Copenhagen, Nasdaq OMX Helsinki and Oslo Bors. Conclusion: The study conclusions show that there are both a negative and positive relationship between volatility and actual return on the investigated markets. Considering this prior statement we can conclude that the Capital Asset Pricing Model can’t correctly describe the actual relationship between the parameters investigated on the current sample. The Capital Asset Pricing Model’s unclear compatibility regarding the relationship makes it impossible to make conclusions about the Efficient Market Hypothesis on any other ground than the observed abnormal return.
Syfte: Syftet med arbetet är att på ett komparativt och kausalt sätt ta reda på om ett samband mellan risk och avkastning existerar samt hur det i sådana fall urskiljs på de nordiska marknaderna. Teorier: Den teoretiska referensramen som appliceras i uppsatsen finner vi vara relevantför studiens syfte och frågeställningar. Vi har bland annat använt oss av teorier som Capital Asset Pricing Model, den Effektiva marknadshypotesen samt olika Behavioural finance teorier. Metod: Studien har sin utgångspunkt i en kvantitativ ansats med en kvantitativ dataanalys stödd av sekundärdata från Thomson Reuters. Empiri: Empirin innefattar regressionsanalyser med kalkylerad sekundärdata från 240 slumpmässigt valda bolag från Nasdaq OMX Stockholm, Nasdaq OMX Köpenhamn, Nasdaq OMX Helsingfors samt Oslo Börs. Slutsatser: Studiens slutsatser visar på både ett negativt och positivt samband mellan volatilitet och faktisk avkastning på de undersökta marknaderna. Med detta som grund dras slutsatsen att Capital Asset Pricing Model inte förmår korrekt beskriva det samband som råder på urvalet. Capital Asset Pricing Model:s otydliga kompatibilitet gör det omöjligt att dra slutsatser kring den Effektiva marknadshypotesens giltighet på andra grunder än observerade tillgångars överavkastning.

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Urniežius, Tomas. "NASDAQ OMX Vilnius likvidumo rizikos ir laukiamos akcijų grąžos sąveikos vertinimas." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130731_142451-90494.

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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe artlikta akcijų, kuriomis prekiauta Vilniaus vertybinių popierių biržoje (NASDAQ OMX Vilnius) 2000-2012 metais, ir rinkos likvidumo analizė. Teorinėje dalyje sukaupta, susisteminta ir apibendrinta mokslinė literatūra apie vertybinių popierių biržų svarbą, jų įtaką šalies ekonomikos augimui ir rinkos likvidumo svarbą vertybinių popierių biržoms. Tiriamojoje dalyje baziniu akcijų įkainojimo modeliu pasirinktas kapitalinių aktyvių įkainojimo modelis (CAPM). Naudojant NASDAQ OMX Vilnius akcijų prekybos duomenis 2000-2012 metais, vertinama rinkos likvidumo, taikant skirtingus jo matavimus, poveikį akcijų grąžai, išreiškiamai CAPM modeliu. Be to, sudarant skirtingo jautrumo rinkos likvidumo rizikai portfelius apskačiuojama NASDAQ OMX Vilnius likvidumo rizikos premija (kompensacija, kurią gauna investuotojai laikydami nelikvidžias akcijas).
In this bachelor thesis analysis of stocks, which were traded in Vilnius stock market (NASDAQ OMX Vilnius) from 2000 till 2012, and market liquidity risk is carried out. Theoretical part accumulates, systemizes, and summarizes scientific literature about the importance of stock markets, their influence to the country’s economic development and the importance of the market liquidity to the stock markets. In the empirical part capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is chosen as a basic model for stock pricing. While using the trading data from NASDAQ OMX Vilnius from 2000 till 2012 the influence of the market liquidity, which is estimated using various measurements, on the stock returns, which are predicted by CAPM, is analyzed. In addition, through the construction of portfolios with different sensitivity to the market liquidity risk NASDAQ OMX Vilnius liquidity risk premium (compensation to the investors who hold illiquid stocks) is calculated.

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Girardet, Bruno. "A propos du maxillaire Omo 323-1976-896 : (Etude anatomique et comparative)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010539.

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Le matériel Omo 323-1976-896 a été découvert par Yves Coppens et Claude Guillemot pendant la campagne de fouille 1976 de la vallée de l'Omo en Ethiopie, dans le membre G de la formation de Shungura. Il comprend parmi d'autres pièces fossiles, un fragment de maxillaire droit avec les troisième prémolaire, quatrième prémolaire et première molaire supérieures in situ (P3D, P4D et M1D), et deux dents isolées, la canine et la quatrième prémolaire supérieures gauches (CG et P4G). Ces pièces sont l'objet de la présente étude. L'étude historique des recherches paléoanthropologiques effectuées en Afrique a permis de situer chronologiquement la découverte dans la série des Hominidés fossiles. Les différents caractères et les méthodes de mesures sont définis. La séméiologie morphologique comprend la description détaillée des pièces (séméiologie qualitative) et une étude métrique (séméiologie quantitative). Chacun des traits diagnostiqués sur le maxillaire et les dents est comparé avec ceux des pièces analogues des taxons d'Hominidés fossiles. Au total les caractères du maxillaire et des dents Omo 323 permettent d'évoquer un individu adulte, de l'espèce Australopithecus aethiopicus ou Australopithecus boisei.

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Birchenall, Colin Francis. "Access network reliability modelling using object orientation and fuzzy logic." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313854.

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Gierszal, Kamil Piotr. "Synthesis, adsorption and structural properties of carbons with uniform and ordered mesopores." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1207762469.

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Gudynaitė, Jurgita. "Nasdaq OMX Baltijos ir Nasdaq OMX Šiaurės akcijų rinkų likvidumo atsparumą globaliam finansiniam nuosmukiui lemiančių veiksnių vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110614_104548-06253.

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Darbe yra analizuojamos Nasdaq OMX Baltijos ir Nasdaq OMX Šiaurės rinkos, siekiant nustatyti, kurios rinkos likvidumas yra atsparesnis globaliam finansiniam nuosmukiui ir kokie įmonių lygio veiksniai nulemia didesnį likvidumo atsparumą. Teorinėje dalyje apžvelgiamos rinkos likvidumo sąsajos su rinkos, įmonių lygio ir makroekonominiais veiksniais. Antroje darbo dalyje pateikiama tyrimo metodologija, susidedanti iš dviejų tyrimo etapų. Pirmame etape rinkų likvidumo kitimas skaičiuojamas 2005 – 2010 m. ir lyginamas jo vidurkis prieš ir po globalaus finansinio nuosmukio, įvertinant finansinio nuosmukio mastą rinkas sudarančiose šalyse. Antrame tyrimo etape nustatoma, kurie įmonių lygio veiksniai turi įtakos likvidumui ir kaip jie paveikia likvidumo atsparumą globaliam finansiniam nuosmukiui. Trečioje dalyje pateikiami empirinio tyrimo rezultatai, jog Nasdaq OMX Šiaurės rinka, pagal prašomos-siūlomos kainos skirtumo likvidumo rodiklį, yra atsparesnė globaliam finansiniam nuosmukiui, o tai nulemia didesnis listinguojamų įmonių dydis rinkoje, didesnis skaičius įmonių vykdančių mokslinius tyrimus ir plėtrą, bei nuosmukio laikotarpiu žymiai mažiau kritęs įmonių pelnas, kapitalo išlaidos, akcijų rinkos ir balansinės vertės santykis, lyginant su Nasdaq OMX Baltijos rinka.
In this paper are analyzing Nasdaq OMX Baltic and Nasdaq OMX Nordic markets on purpose to find out, which market has bigger resistance of liquidity to the global financial crisis and which factors weighted it. In the theoretic part is analyzing interface between liquidity and factors of the markets, firms and macroeconomic. In the second part of paper is represented research methodology. First of all, is calculating resistance of liquidity through 2005 – 2010 years and compare resistance of market liquidity before and after global financial crisis, evaluating the extent of crisis in the countries, of which consisted the Baltic and Nordic markets. Next it is find out which firm’s level indicators influence firm’s liquidity and how these indicators influence the resistance of market liquidity to global financial crisis. In the third part are represented results of empirical research. It is find out that by the bid-ask spread indicator the Nasdaq OMX Nordic market’s liquidity is more resistance to global financial crises, because the firms are bigger, more firms engage in research and development activity and had considerably higher profit, capital expenditures and market-balance value of stocks through crisis, compare with Nasdaq OMX Baltic market.

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Silva, Rodrigues Alberto. "O Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias da OMC : um estudo de caso sobre os subsídios da União Européia ao açúcar." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2005. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/4411.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:21:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5999_1.pdf: 1073177 bytes, checksum: ffb66a0cabddd4b7627c5c3e795f2b62 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Esta Dissertação teve por objetivo analisar o Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias da Organização Mundial do Comércio, realizando um estudo sobre as raízes do GATT, da OMC e dos acordos de regulamentação do comércio internacional. Após a Conferencia de Bretton Woods o mundo passa a buscar o caminho da multilateralidade, que difere do modo bilateral que os países conduziam suas relações comerciais at então. Realizando um estudo sobre as origens das regulamentações do comércio internacional, desde o fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial, até os dias atuais, torna-se possível um melhor entendimento sobre o comércio global e seus desdobramentos nas economias dos países ricos e pobres. Este trabalho apresenta no seu último capítulo um estudo de caso atual, relatando a disputa comercial travada pela Austrália, Brasil e Tailândia contra a União Européia. O objeto da controvérsia é questão dos subsídios da UE destinados aos produtores de açúcar do bloco e através desse estudo é possível visualizar o funcionamento do Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias na prática. Tendo em vista que um dos principais objetivos citados no acordo constituti o da OMC é o incentivo ao desenvolvimento emelhorias das condições de vida dos cidadãos dos países através do comércio, a temática dadisputa comercial se torna de extrema importância no que tange os interesses dos países em desenvolvimento, fortemente dependentes do setor agrícola.

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Guimaraes, Renato. "Contribution à la réactivité des industries manufacturières : conception d'une interface logicielle liant la planification au pilotage d'atelier." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL098N.

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Farmer, Cortney, Chase King, and Zachary Sumpter. "Educate allopathic and osteopathic residents on OMT fundamentals and indications / contraindications." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/241.

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The purpose of this QI project is to educate current allopathic and osteopathic residents on the fundamentals of OMT as well as appropriate indications and contraindications for osteopathic manipulation therapy. In order to accomplish this goal, we propose to administer a pretest before giving a presentation on fundamentals of OMT and appropriate OMT referrals. Afterwards, we will perform a posttest to see if there was a significant increase in overall scores from the residents. We will then compile the scores into a spreadsheet and using data analysis, evaluate to see if current residents have had a significant improvement in overall knowledge of OMT fundamentals, indications and contraindications.

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Popel, Stanislav. "Sponzoring - právní úprava a ekonomické důvody." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-1905.

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Práce poskytuje základní právní a ekonomické informace o sponzorování a jeho postavení v komunikačním mixu firem. Kromě toho objasňuje důvody, proč je sponzorování v současné době pro společnosti natolik atraktivní.

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Monsalve, Carvajal Sergio, and Espíndola Jorge Ríos. "El ingreso de la República Popular China a la OMC y sus efectos sociales y económicos más relevantes." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2004. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/107531.

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Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)
Nuestro trabajo pretende analizar el desarrollo económico chino durante el último siglo, dando al mismo tiempo una vista general a la Organización Mundial del Comercio, y en especial a la Ronda Uruguay - considerada como la ronda de negociaciones más importante - y que definió claramente los principios de la OMC. Debido a que la OMC ha previsto una clasificación de las economías de los países en vías de desarrollo, consideraremos a China, en parte, como uno de ellos. Tras ello, seguiremos con un resumen de las relaciones que hasta ahora ha tenido China con la OMC, el transcurso de las negociaciones de ingreso a la organización, y los efectos que para China resultan de dicho ingreso

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Andzik, Rob. "Using the Ground Equipment Monitoring Service (GEMS) for Satellite Telemetry & Command Systems." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606173.

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ITC/USA 2008 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fourth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 27-30, 2008 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
As satellite ground systems migrate toward network-centric, distributed architectures, controlling remote ground equipment becomes a central issue. While many protocols and approaches exist that address remote control and status, there is little agreement on a common solution. Device vendors and system integrators commonly find themselves integrating multiple protocols to meet a wide range of requirements. Technologies change and new protocols evolve that result in yet more options to be considered. However, the fundamental aspects of device control remain constant. The Ground Equipment Monitoring Service (GEMS) seeks to define a standard model for device control independent of the underlying protocols and technologies. Using this approach, a wide range of protocols can be mapped to the GEMS model. Systems using different protocols can then rely on the common mapping and utilize translators to connect heterogeneous components with little integration costs. This paper describes the state of the specification and potential uses of the GEMS specification in Satellite Ground Systems. Interactions between the GEMS specification and other standards such as the CCSDS SLE Complex Management services are also presented.

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Paulmier, Aurélien. "Zones de minimum d'oxygène (OMZs) de l'océan moderne : une étude focalisée dans l'OMZ du Pacifique Sud Est." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066342.

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Payerl, Anders. "Tolka musiktecken från bilder : Optisk musikigenkänning med maskininlärning." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för informationssystem och -teknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34063.

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The objective of the project was to examine the possibility to use machine lear- ning without prior knowledge of machine learning or of mathematics and if that is possible also explore the possibility to use machine learning to interpret a picture of a piece of sheet music. The capacity of detecting notes from images of sheet music in the produced model was then compared to an existing pro- gram called Audiveris. The result became a model later used in a comparison with the program Audiveris. The comparison resulted in Audiveris finding al- most 100% of the notes but the new model only being able to detect about a third. The reasons for the big difference were probably: first that Audiveris has been in development for many years and secondly that the training data used for the new model wasn’t enough varied and complicated. To further increase the ability of the new model ́s skill the main point would be the need for more trai- ning data at the training of the model. Even then you need to supply a variation in the data ́s content and its degree of difficulty which is more varied then the first training data.
Målet med projektet har varit att undersöka om det går att applicera maskininlärning utan att ha kunskaper av maskininlärning och matematik sedan tidigare samt om detta är möjligt också undersöka om det går att använda maskininlärning för att tolka en bild av nottecken för musik. Detta användes sedan för att jämföra dess förmåga att upptäcka noter med ett redan existerande program kallat Audiveris. Metoden som användes var att bilder märktes med information om dess innehåll och sedan användes dessa bilder för att träna en maskininlärningsmodell att tolka bilder av nottecken. Sedan gjordes en manuell jämförelse av Audiveris resultat samt resultatet från maskininlärningsmodellen efter att den tränats på de nya notbilderna. Resultatet blev en modell som sedan användes vid jämförelsen med Audiveris. Den jämförelsen resulterade i att Audiveris visade sig bättre än den nytränade modellen då Audiveris hittade nästan 100% av noterna på bilden medan den nya modellen bara hittade cirka 33.3%. Orsaken till den stora skillnaden på upptäckande av nottecken berodde antagligen till stor del på två saker: den första att Audiveris utvecklats under många år och den andra att träningsdatat som användes till den nya modellen inte var tillräckligt varierat och komplicerat. För att vidareutveckla den nya modellens färdighet skulle framför allt mer träningsdata behöva användas vid träningsmomentet. Även då behövde man se till att variationen av material och dess svårighetsgrad blev mer varierat än vid grundmaterialet.

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Lyrebrant, John, and Adam Mallick. "Nyintroduktioner på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm : En studie om underprissättning och risk." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19937.

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I takt med att företag växer och etableras på marknaden brukar förr eller senarefrågan om en börsnotering bli aktuell. Primärt torde detta vara ett tillvägagångssättför anskaffning av kapital vilket får till följd att nya investeringar kan genomförasoch tillväxtmöjligheter öppnas. En börsintroduktion är dock en svår ochomfattande process där det emitterande bolaget ställs inför en rad kompliceradeoch svåra val. Ett sådant val är vilken marknadsplats bolaget ska noteras på, enbörs eller en handelsplattform. Vidare behöver en rad samarbetspartners anlitasför att introduktionen ska bli verklighet. En av dessa samarbetspartners ärvärdepappersinstitutet vilket bland annat har som uppgift att i samråd medemittenten bestämma vilket pris aktien ska ha när den erbjuds till allmänheten.Priset kan sedermera sättas i relation till kursutvecklingen under förstahandelsdagen för att avgöra hur väl teckningspriset föll ut i förhållande tillmarknadens värdering. Det är vad denna uppsats fokuserar på.Uppsatsen ämnar besvara hur den initiala kursförändringen för aktier som nyintroduceradespå Nasdaq OMX Stockholm under 2000-03-09 till 2010-03-24utvecklar sig under första handelsdagen. Resultatet av detta har sedan använts föratt avgöra om det förelåg underprissättning på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm vidundersökningsperioden. Vidare har underprissättningen kategoriserats utifrån deolika sektorer som finns representerade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm för att utrönaom det finns skillnader mellan sektorerna. Undersökningen syftar också till attbesvara om en eventuell skillnad kan hänföras till den risk som förknippas medvarje sektor, mätt som volatiliteten på årsbasis.Vid genomförandet av studien har en kvantitativ ansats tillämpats. Problemformuleringenhar undersökts empiriskt samtidigt som tidigare teorier inom ämnethar studerats. Empirin omfattar samtliga nyintroduktioner som genomfördes påNasdaq OMX Stockholm sedan millenniumskiftet vilket resulterat i att 46 bolagundersökts och analyserats. Teorin är primärt inhämtad från vetenskapliga artiklari kombination med mer allmän information vi anser nödvändig för att skapa enhelhetsbild av problemområdet. Analys och slutsatser bygger sedan på resultatetav den empiriska undersökningen med beaktande av den teoretiska referensramen.Avslutningsvis kommer vi fram till att nyintroduktionerna i genomsnitt ärunderprissatta med 6,26 procent vilket är en lägre siffra än tidigare studier visat.Underprissättningen skiljer sig också mellan de olika sektorer som finnsrepresenterade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. Däremot har vi inte med säkerhetkunnat fastslå att risken inom den enskilda sektorn har en avgörande betydelse förunderpriset. Emellertid visar det sig att introduktionerna ökar i tider när börsindexstiger och faller när motsatt förhållande råder.

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Maluta, Jaqueline Ruiz. "Desenvolvimento de carbonos mesoporosos ordenados para aplicação em sensores eletroquímicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-07122017-140752/.

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O desenvolvimento de novos materiais para a aplicação em eletroanalítica, uma atividade extremamente atraente, visa produzir compostos com condutividade elétrica alta, estabilidade mecânica e química e grandes áreas superficiais. Assim, nesta tese foram desenvolvidos Carbonos Mesoporosos Ordenados, um tipo de material carbônico recentemente explorado para diversas aplicações devido às suas propriedades específicas e facilmente manipuláveis. A produção inicia-se com a síntese da sílica mesoporosa utilizada como template, seguida pela impregnação por molhamento incipiente utilizando moléculas que são concomitantemente, fontes de carbono e de um heteroátomo (S, N ou O). Após a polimerização e carbonização em atmosfera não-oxidante, removeu-se o template de sílica, obtendo-se um material altamente organizado de estrutura mesoporosa, caracterizado pelas análises de BET, MET e DRX em ângulos baixos. Os materiais sintetizados apresentaram área superficial grande e acessível, indicadas pelas as análises de BET, o que ofereceu uma alta eficiência de pré-concentração de analitos. A fim de garantir um carbono com características grafíticas e boa condutividade, partiu-se de fontes carbônicas aromáticas e utilizou-se o óxido de ferro como catalisador da polimerização. Com isso, obteve-se materiais com carácter grafítico, mostrado pelas análises de DRX e Raman, com excelentes propriedades elétricas e transferência eletrônica mais rápida, mostrado pelas análises eletroquímicas (VC e EIE) garantindo um material com excelente atividade eletrocatalítica. Os três diferentes tipos de dopagem geraram três materiais distintos, que diferem não apenas na composição química, mas também nas propriedades físicas, elétricas e em sua resposta eletroanalítica. Os materiais sintetizados foram aplicados na detecção do cloranfenicol, um antibiótico com propriedades antibacterianas e farmacocinéticas excelentes, porém proibido em produtos destinados ao consumo humano. A metodologia desenvolvida apresentou boa sensibilidade e limites de detecção e quantificação, além da capacidade de analisar diretamente leite em pó, sem a necessidade de etapas trabalhosas de preparo de amostra.
The development of new materials for electroanalitycal application aims to produce materials with high electric conductivity, mechanical and chemical stability, and high surface areas. So, in this thesis, it was developed Ordered Mesoporous Carbon, a carbonic material recently explored in several applications due its specific plasticity properties. The production starts with the mesoporous silica synthesis. It is used as template, followed by the incipient wetness impregnation using molecules that are both a carbon source and heteroatom precursor (S, N or O). After the polymerization and the non-oxidant atmosphere carbonization, the template was removed, what yielded a highy ordered mesoporous structure, demonstrated by BET, TEM and low-angle XRD analysis. The synthetized materials showed high and accessible surface area, demonstrated by BET, which allowed high pre-concentration efficiency with a fast diffusion process. In order to get a graphitic carbon with good conductivity, it was used aromatic carbon precursors and iron as polymerization catalyst. Consequently, a material with graphitic character was getting, as we can see at XRD and Raman, with excellent electric properties and faster electronic transference, showed by electrochemical analysis (CV and EIS), leading to a material with excellent electrocatalytic activity. The three different doping types leading to three distinct materials, which differ not only at chemical composition, but also at physical, electrics and electroanalytical properties. The materials was applied at chloramphenicol detection, an antibiotic with excellent antibacterial and pharmacokinetics properties. However, it is forbidden in edible products. The developed methodology has good sensibility, and limits of detection and quantification. In addition, was possible to analyze powder milk directly, without any other timing consuming procedure of sample preparing.

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Schaedel, Karin, and Tommy Söderberg. "Automatisk överföring av analog data från pappersenkäter till digital databas på Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Huddinge." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277627.

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På Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Huddinge har en stor mängd knäprotesoperationsenkäter staplats på hög under två år. Svaren från dessa ska konverteras till digitalt format så dessa kan lagras i databasen REDCap för att kunna utföra kvalitetskontroll och prospektiv uppföljning i flera år. För att spara arbetstid efterfrågades ett program som kunde läsa in enkätsvaren automatiskt. I detta projekt skapades ett program i MATLAB med målsättning att klara av att läsa enkätmarkeringar samt minst 70 % av personnumren. Dessa personnummer skulle sedan läggas in i ett Excel-ark och övrig svarsdata i ett separat Excel-ark på grund av sekretesslagar. Resultatet blev att programmet inte klarade av att läsa av personnummer och annan handskriven text men klarade att läsa av markerade flervalsfrågor till 90 % säkerhet i just de enkäterna som programmet var designat för. Programmet kan i nuläget användas för smidigare inläsning tillsammans med korrekturläsning. Det rekommenderas dock att fortsätta vidareutveckla programmet innan användning sker.
At Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, many knee replacement surveys have been piled high for two years. The answers from these must be converted to digital format so that they can be stored in the REDCap database to be able to perform quality control and prospective follow-up for several years. To save working hours, a program that could read the questionnaires automatically was requested. In this project, a program was created in MATLAB with the goal of being able to read questionnaire markings and at least 70% of the social security numbers. These social security numbers were to be written on an Excel sheet and other answer data on a separate Excel sheet due to confidentiality laws. The result was that the program could not handle reading of social security numbers and other handwritten text but managed to read marked multiple-choice questions to 90% certainty in the surveys for which the program was designed. The program can currently be used for easier reading along with proofreading from staff. However, it is recommended to continue to develop the program before using it.

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Hodzic, Edita, and Jesper Gidvall. "Januarieffekten : En studie av anomalin utifrån klassisk ekonomisk teori och Behavioral Finance." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26005.

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Bakgrund: Förtroendet är en av de viktigaste förutsättningarna för en framgångsrik och likvid aktiemarknad. Stora fluktuationer på aktiemarknaden riskerar minska investerares förtroende för marknaden och dess effektivitet. Anomalier är ett typexempel på oförklarade upp- och nedgångar på aktiemarknaden som studerats i samband med marknadseffektivitet. Vad som driver anomalier råder det inom forskningen delade meningar om. Klassisk ekonomisk teori har fått störst genomslag inom forskningsområdet, dock har ingen entydig förklaring till fenomenet kunnat ges. Bristen på en tydlig förklaring har gett upphov till beteendevetenskaplig forskning som försökt komplettera de rådande ekonomiska teorierna med teorier hänförliga till beteendevetenskap. Problemformulering: Vilken inverkan har finansiella såväl som beteendevetenskapliga faktorer på Januarieffekten? Syfte: Syftet med studien är att studera Januarieffektens förekomst på den svenska aktiemarknaden och finna förklaringar till dess eventuella uppkomst. Metod: Studiens forskningsansats är av deduktiv karaktär där teorier hänförliga till klassisk ekonomisk teori och Behavioral Finance studerats. Utifrån teorierna lyftes faktorer fram som potentiella förklaringsvariabler bakom Januarieffekten. Vidare utfördes en kvantitativ studie baserad på tidsseriedata på skilda aktie- och sentimentindex. Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar att Januarieffekten varit förekommande på den svenska aktiemarknaden under tidsperioden 1980-1999. Studiens resultat visar även på anomaliers komplexitet, då få av de studerade förklaringsvariablerna var relaterade till Januarieffekten. Dock erhölls resultat som stödjer teorier kring det varierande informationsflödet kring aktiebolag över säsonger och dess påverkan på anomalin. Visst stöd erhölls även kring skattehypotesen, då de studerade länderna med kapitalvinstskatt i högre grad uppvisade en Januarieffekt än länder utan kapitalvinstskatt. Dock kunde ingen signifikant skillnad i avkastning mellan länder med och utan kapitalvinstskatt urskiljas. Detta resultat går därmed inte i linje med den starkt etablerade och främst förkommande förklaringsvariabeln inom den finansiella forskningen. Slutligen erhölls statistiskt stöd frör sentimentindexet Barometerindikatorn och dess relation till Januarieffekten. Trots att vi inte erhöll signifikanta samband mellan övriga sentimentindex och Januarieffekten påvisade vår studie ett starkt samband mellan samtliga sentimentvariabler och dess påverkan på den svenska aktiemarknaden. Detta resultat ger stöd åt Behavioral Finance-teorierna och dess syn på aktiemarknadens psykologi.
Introduction: Confidence is one of the most important prerequisites for a successful and liquid stock market. Large fluctuations in the stock market could reduce investor confidence in the market and its effectiveness. Anomalies are a typical example of unexplained ups and downs of the stock market that has been studied in the context of market efficiency. There are differing views about what drives anomalies. Classical economic theory has been the most successful in the research, however, no clear explanation could be given. The lack of a clear explanation for this phenomenon has given the rise to behavioral research that sought to complement the prevailing economic theories with theories related to Behavioral Finance. Problem: What impact has the financial as well as behavioral factors on the January Effect? Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to study the presence of the January Effect in the Swedish stock market and find explanations for its eventual emergence. Method: The study's research approach is deductive in character, where theories related to classical economic theory and Behavioral Finance were studied. Based on the highlighted factors related to the theories, potential explanatory variables behind the January effect emerged. A quantitative study based on time series data was performed on various stock and sentiment index. Results and Conclusions: The study shows that the January effect has been present on the Swedish stock market during the period 1980-1999. Our results show the complexity of anomalies since only a few of the explanatory variables were related to the January effect. However, results were obtained that supports the theory of seasonal information flow. Some support was also obtained on the tax hypothesis. However, no significant difference in yield between countries with and without capital gain tax discerned. This result does not support the highly established and mainly occurring explanatory variable in the financial research. Finally, we obtained statistical support of the sentiment index BAR and its relation to the January effect. Although we did not obtain significant correlations between other sentiment index and the January effect our study showed a strong correlation between all the sentiment variables and their impact on the Swedish stock market. This finding provides support for Behavioral Finance theories, and its view of stock market psychology.

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Georgsdorf, Bernd. "Der wirkungsvolle Einsatz von interner Kommunikation zur Verankerung von Unternehmenswerten eine qualitative Fallstudie am Beispiel des Werteprozesses "Driving Values" der OMV Aktiengesellschaft." Wien Facultas.wuv, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3422806&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Lima, Tatiana de Macedo Nogueira. "GATT/OMC: uma análise institucional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-27122004-141602/.

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A dissertação analisa como, ao longo do tempo, o GATT adquiriu características de instituição (North) e como seu funcionamento tornou possível a criação de uma organização internacional do comércio (OMC).
This work reports how GATT became an institution and how it made possible the creation of the WTO.

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Barrueto, González Ignacio Alberto Hugo. "Diseño de un transductor de modos ortonormales para la banda 2+3 de ALMA (67-116 GHz)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137973.

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Ingeniero Civil Eléctrico
El Atacama Large Millimeter Array, ALMA, es el mayor instrumento construido para detectar radiación electromagnética en el rango de las ondas milimétricas y sub-milimétricas. ALMA se compone de 66 antenas operando en modo interferométrico, cada antena a su vez tiene 10 receptores heterodino sintonizados en distintas bandas de frecuencia entre 30 y 950 GHz. En el contexto de estudiar posibles mejoras a la arquitectura actual surge la posibilidad de reemplazar los receptores de Banda 2 y 3 por un solo receptor que cubra el rango de frecuencia desde los 67 a 116 GHz. En la estructura de los receptores de ALMA, luego de que la radiación electromagnética es recibida por la antena de bocina, esta debe ser separada en polarizaciones ortogonales. El instrumento encargado de realizar la separación es conocido como transductor de modos ortogonales u OMT por sus siglas en ingles. Al ser de los primeros dispositivos en el receptor, es de vital importancia que introduzca el menor ruido posible a las señales a procesar. En esta memoria nos centramos en el diseño, simulación y medición de un OMT de tipo juntura turnstile para la Banda 2 + 3 de ALMA, que cumpla con las especificaciones de pérdidas por reflexiones, aislación entre puertos de salida, transmisiones copolar y crosspolar. El trabajo comenzó por el diseño de la juntura turnstile, elemento clave de este dispositivo que separa las polarizaciones, y continuó con el diseño de los demás componentes de guía de onda del OMT, tales como los codos escalonados, transformadores de impedancia y combinadores de potencia. Una vez obtenido un modelo completo se realizaron análisis de resonancias y se modificó el modelo con tal de eliminarlas y/o mitigarlas. Finalmente se incorporan al diseño ciertas consideraciones mecánicas que facilitan la construcción e integración del OMT con los demás elementos del receptor. El primer prototipo de OMT se contruyó y caracterizó utilizando un analizador escalar de redes, obteniéndose medidas preliminares del comportamiento del OMT. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las pérdidas por retorno del dispositivo son del orden de −15 dB. Las pérdidas de inserción son del orden de −3 dB. Las transmisión crosspolar posee un nivel medio cercano a los −30 dB. Mientras la aislación entre puertos de salida son del orden de los −30 dB. Por último debemos decir que las mediciones de transmisión crosspolar y aislación estan limitadas por la presición del sistema de medición( 0,01 % de presición). A pesar de las limitaciones del sistema las mediciones obtenidas son una caracterización inicial permite analizar y examinar el diseño propuesto. A partir de esto se genera retroalimentación útil para siguientes iteraciones del OMT tanto en el diseño como en construcción y medición del mismo

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Napolitano, John. "L’EMPLOI, PAR LES FORCES DES NATIONS UNIES ENGAGÉES DANS LES OPÉRATIONS DE MAINTIEN DE LA PAIX (OMP), DE TOUTES LES MESURES NÉCESSAIRES À LA PROTECTION DES CIVILS EN DANGER." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/277133/4/OMPdesNU.pdf.

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Les mandats incluant la protection de populations civiles font-ils naître des obligations dont la violation serait susceptible de générer une responsabilité internationale ?Les OMP dotées de ce type de mandat dit « robuste » doivent-elles respecter les règles du jus ad bellum et du jus in bello durant l’exécution de leur mandat ?À quelle entité internationale, Nations Unies et/ou États fournisseurs, faut-il attribuer la responsabilité en cas de violation du mandat (défaut d'accomplissement du mandat et/ou de dépassement de celui-ci) ou des obligations internationales de la part des OMP dotées de mandat « robuste » étant donné qu’elles sont formées de contingents militaires dépendant, au plan fonctionnel, des Nations Unies et, au plan hiérarchique, des pays d’appartenance ?Dans la présente thèse, après avoir analysé le fondement juridique, les caractéristiques et la structure de commandement des opérations de maintien de la paix ainsi que l’évolution historique du mandat quant à la protection de la population civile, nous avons tenté de répondre à ces questions en démontrant que, même si la protection des civils en danger est une marque distinctive des OMP dotées d’un mandat robuste et, donc, une des conditions légitimant l’emploi de la force, l’usage de la force doit être considérée comme une option laissée au pouvoir discrétionnaire des opérations de maintien de la paix qui, normalement, préfèrent adopter des mesures de prévention et d’atténuation pour protéger la population civile.En cas d’intervention, les OMP doivent respecter les principes de nécessité et proportionnalité de la légitime défense (jus ad bellum) auxquels s’ajoutent les obligations découlant des normes pour la protection des droits de l’homme et des principes du droit international humanitaire lorsque les Forces des Nations Unies « participent activement à des combats » (jus in bello). À la lumière de ces considérations, on démontrera l’illégitimité, au plan du jus ad bellum et du jus in bello, de l’opération militaire de l’ONUCI qui, le 11 avril 2011, en Côte d’Ivoire a conduit à l’arrestation du président Laurent Gbagbo. Elle constitue un cas d’étude intéressant, puisqu’il s’agit d’un épisode exceptionnel qui n’a pas d’équivalent dans d’autres opérations conduites par les OMP dotées de mandat « robuste ».Enfin, compte tenu de la double dépendance des contingents militaires, qui relèvent fonctionnellement de la chaîne de commandement des Nations Unies et hiérarchiquement de l’État d’envoi, et vu les pouvoirs dont ces entités disposent sur ces forces et l’influence qu’elles exercent sur les processus de décision de leurs contingents, on démontrera que la responsabilité pour fait illicite commis par une OMP dotée de mandat robuste pourra être attribuée, selon le cas, aux Nations Unies, aux États fournisseurs ou bien à ces deux entités conjointement.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Taylor-Burds, Carol. "When Animal Housing and Strain Difference Matter: Cellular and Behavioral Studies in Mouse Olfaction." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2011. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/228.

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Buntoung, Sumaman. "Comparative investigation of erythemal ultraviolet radiation in the tropics and mid-latitudes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/comparative-investigation-of-erythemal-ultraviolet-radiation-in-the-tropics-and-midlatitudes(127d2859-5aab-4c86-8c50-95ba621811c4).html.

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Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has several effects on human health as well as other biological and chemical systems. The radiation can be weighted with the erythemal action spectrum and then converted to the dimensionless UV Index, which is designed to indicate the detrimental 'sunburning power' of the radiation for public heath purposes. A global view of the erythemally weighted irradiance from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura spacecraft has been available since July, 2004. However, ground-based validation and correction of the satellite data are still required. In this thesis, the erythemal dose rates at local solar noon taken from the satellite were compared to ground-based data measured by spectroradiometers or broadband radiometers in two different climate areas: the Tropics and midlatitudes. This seeks to redress the lack of data and satellite validation for the Tropics, and also allows comparison with previous work in midlatitudes. The validation results show that the satellite data overestimates the ground-based data by 9%-32% at the cleanest site, with a much higher discrepancy at polluted sites. Using a radiative transfer model confirmed that the positive bias in the satellite data was mainly caused by aerosol absorption that is not taken into account in the satellite retrieval algorithm. Therefore, two empirical methods were introduced in order to correct the OMI UV data for absorbing aerosols under clear sky conditions. These methods required aerosol optical depth and aerosol single scattering, or aerosol absorption optical depth, as input parameters. The methods improved the OMI UV data by up to 30% depending on site and input data source. For cloudy conditions aerosol data is usually not available either from ground-based or satellite-based measurements; however, the effect of cloud is usually far greater than that of aerosol, and some of the aerosol effect (scattering) is intrinsically included in the cloud correction. A further empirical model for cloudy conditions was derived to reduce bias of the OMI UV data with respect to ground-based data. The method only requires the OMI UV data as an input. The cloudy model reduced the bias by about 13%-30% depending on site, and gave similar results even when used with clear sky data. Since ground-based data is sparse, the final goal of the work was to produce a corrected map of UV index for the whole of Thailand, based only on data available from satellite, which gives full regional coverage. Issues with availability and quality of satellite data meant that the best results were achieved by using only the cloudy sky correction, for all conditions. The resulting daily noontime UV Index maps of Thailand were assessed against ground-based data for independent years. The corrected UV Index was within ±2 compared with ground-based data for all sites, compared to discrepancies of up to 4 UV Index for uncorrected data.

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Hardebjer, Emmy, and Madeleine Nilsson. "Resultatmanipulering : En studie om förekomsten av stålbad på OMX Nordic large cap." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-155385.

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Tidigare studier indikerar att det finns en problematik med redovisningsstandarden IAS 36, angående goodwillnedskrivningar, då standarden skapar utrymme för resultatmanipulering i form av stålbad. Enligt tidigare studier har företagsledningar incitament för stålbad när företag uppvisar svaga preliminära finansiella resultat. Denna studie undersökte i vilken utsträckning resultatmanipulering i form av stålbad genom goodwillnedskrivningar förekom för företagen på OMX Nordic large cap under perioden 2006 till och med 2009. Det gjordes genom att det i studien undersöktes huruvida det fanns ett samband mellan goodwillnedskrivningar och svaga finansiella resultat. En kvantitativ metod användes och sambandet mellan goodwillnedskrivningar och svaga finansiella resultat testades med hjälp av statistiska metoder. Undersökningen utgick från Jordan och Clarks (2004) trestegsmodell som i första steget testade huruvida goodwillnedskrivningarna var väsentliga, då det är ett tecken på stålbad. I det andra och tredje steget testades om de företag som skrivit ned goodwill också hade svagare finansiella resultat än företagen som inte redovisat goodwillnedskrivningar. Studien fann ett samband mellan goodwillnedskrivningar och svaga finansiella resultat. Trots det indikerar inte studiens utfall att stålbad förekommit eftersom majoriteten av nedskrivningarna som redovisats inte var väsentliga. En mindre del företag har dock redovisat väsentliga nedskrivningar i samband med svaga finansiella resultat varför det för dessa företag finns indikationer på att stålbad förekommit. Studien visar att den grupp som redovisat väsentliga nedskrivningar även hade starkare incitament för stålbad eftersom deras finansiella resultat var svagare än de finansiella resultaten i hela den grupp som redovisat goodwillnedskrivningar. Det antyder att företag på OMX Nordic large cap gör stålbad när de har tillräckligt starka incitament, i detta fall svaga finansiella resultat.

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Chapon, Cécile. "Cadre stratigraphique, sédimentologique, paléoclimatique et géochronologique du site à hominidés fossiles de Fejej FJ-1, Sud-Omo, Ethiopie." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0785.

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Le site à hominidés fossiles de Fejej FJ-1 (Ethiopie), ayant livré une riche une industrie lithique pré-oldowayenne et une faune abondante et variée, est situé près de la basse vallée de l’Omo et à proximité de la rive orientale du lac Turkana et de la frontière avec le Kenya. La stratigraphie de cette localité est divisée en 5 ensembles qui témoignent de dépôts fluviatiles ou de plaine d’inondation et d’une activité volcanique régionale. L’étude sédimentologique des dépôts indique qu’ils sont originaires du socle métamorphique de la chaîne Hamar située au nord-est de la zone d’étude et des basaltes oligo-pliocènes des plateaux situés à l’est de la zone d’étude. Ces sédiments ont été charriés puis abandonnés par un cours d’eau de tracé radial et affluent de la paléo-rivière Omo. La corrélation téphrostratigraphique du tuf volcanique de FJ-1 (ensemble stratigraphique IV) avec le tuf G-29 de la formation sédimentaire de Shungura et le tuf Borana de la formation sédimentaire de Koobi Fora permet de rapprocher la séquence stratigraphique de FJ-1 du membre Upper Burgi de Koobi Fora et du membre G supérieur de Shungura, en concordance avec la plupart des données géochronologiques et biostratigraphiques. En se référant à celles-ci et aux données de la magnétostratigraphie et aux taux de sédimentation régionaux, un âge de 1,95 ± 0,05 Ma est proposé pour le niveau archéologique de Fejej FJ-1
The fossil hominid site of Fejej FJ-1 (Ethiopia) is located near the lower Omo valley and the eastern shore of lake Turkana, close to the border of Kenya. A pre-Oldowayan lithic assemblage and a collection of mammal bones were excavated. The FJ-1 sites’ stratigraphy is divided into 5 members, composed river bed and flood plain sediment and a regional volcanic event. The sedimentological study reveals that sediment originated from the metamorphic Hamar Range and from the Oligo-Miocene basaltic High Plateau, both located to the northeast of Fejej FJ-1. The sediment was transported and deposited by a radial river tributary to the Paleo-Omo River. The tephrostratigraphical correlation between the Fejej FJ-1 tuff (member IV) and the G-29 tuff of the Shungura formation and the Borana tuff of the Koobi Fora formation correlated the FJ-1 stratigraphical sequence to the Upper G member of the Shungura and Upper Burgi member of Koobi Fora. This correlation is in agreement with chronological and biostratigraphical results. The latter results, as well as those from the magnetostratigraphy and the regional sedimentation rate allow us propose an age of 1,95 ± 0,05 Ma for the pre-oldowan level of Fejej FJ-1

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CHAUHAN, SHASHANK. "Parameter Estimation and Signal Processing Techniques for Operational Modal Analysis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1204829186.

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VALDEVINO, Diego da Silva. "Modelagem de dados espaciais, no padrão OMT-G, para cartas de sensibilidade ambiental ao óleo." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2891.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:24:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2020_1.pdf: 6024486 bytes, checksum: dcfc623db6174c84edb55c3910c54c9f (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Petróleo Brasileiro S/A
As Cartas de Sensibilidade Ambiental ao Óleo Cartas SAO, são instrumentos fundamentais no planejamento estratégico para os casos de derramamento de derivados de petróleo. Nestas cartas são representados os principais elementos que compõe a costa de determinada região, podendo estes elementos ser os recursos biológicos, socioeconômicos ou ainda mapeando e classificando a linha de costa de acordo com um índice de sensibilidade. Com o advento das obras para criação da refinaria Abreu e Lima, no porto de Suape - PE, em 2008, foi estabelecido um convênio entre o departamento de Engenharia Cartográfica e o departamento de Oceanografia da UFPE para geração de cartas SAO para o litoral do Estado. Estas cartas fazem parte dos planos obrigatórios estabelecidos pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente para construções que representam risco de derramamento de óleo. Para a construção destas cartas, foi elaborado um modelo de dados espaciais em OMT-G, o mesmo tipo de modelo utilizado pela CONCAR Comissão Nacional de Cartografia para a INDE Infraestrutura Nacional de Dados Espaciais. A necessidade de criação deste modelo se deu pela falta do mesmo dentro do manual de normas técnicas para elaboração de cartas SAO, publicado em 2004 pelo MMA. Todas as etapas para criação de uma base de dados espaciais foram utilizadas, sendo necessário um estudo de como integrar bases de dados de fontes distintas. Como resultados, obteve-se o modelo de dados espaciais para cartas SAO. Outro produto deste trabalho é um SIG voltado para cartas SAO, que integra diversas bases de dados sobre o litoral de Pernambuco. Constata-se neste trabalho a necessidade de criação de um modelo de dados para as cartas SAO, pois já é comprovado que a adoção de modelos de dados como direcionadores de esforço é uma prática que poupa tempo com discussões, eliminando erros e excessos

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Malm, Lukas, and Anna Phan. "Mozart2000 : Music reading and piano playing robot." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264443.

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Many industries have been transformed to better perform in today’s digital age. In this project a solution for digitalizing printed sheet music as well as automating piano playing is researched, developed and built. The project was divided into three sub-systems, the first focusing on the digitalizing of sheet music, the second on identifying and classifying the notes and the third on playing the piano. These were later combined to form a demonstrator called Mozart2000, or M2k. The result was a robot which could determine the note pitch of an arbitrary note, or note combination, written in common music notation, and furthermore play these on the piano. The algorithm is based of off finding coordinates for stafflines and notes using image processing. Programming was done in Python with some functions extracted from the library OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision). The piano playing mechanism uses solenoids and lever arms, controlled by electrical signals from a Raspberry Pi. Due to scope in budget and time some restrictions were made. The note range for the robot was limited to one octave, meaning 8 piano keys. Moreover, other musical information such as rhythmical and coloring were overlooked and set to a predetermined value. For the digitalizing part, a camera was used, taking a snapshot of one musical bar. The final solution however can be expanded to include additional keys and music segments by replicating the existing mechanism.
I detta projekt söks en lösning för digitalisering av tryckt notskrift, mot bakgrund av en ökande efterfrågan på digitala lösningar. Parallellt undersöks möjligheterna till att automatisera pianospel. För att underlätta arbetet delades projektet in i tre delsystem; det första fokuserade på digitalisering av notpapper, det andra på att hitta och identifiera noter, och det tredje på pianospelet. Delsystemen kunde därefter integreras och resulterade då i Mozart2000, M2k. Den slutgiltiga lösningen är en robot som kan bestämma tonhöjden från ett notpapper och spela dessa på ett piano. Den framtagna algoritmen bygger på att hitta koordinater för notlinjer och noter, jämföra dessa sinsemellan och tilldela dessa utgångar på en Raspberry Pi. Från dessa skickas elektriska signaler till en krets bestående av bland annat transistorer och frihjulsdioder, som i sin tur är kopplade till solenoider. Dessa solenoider kopplade till egentillverkade fingrar kommer sedan att slå an tangenterna på pianot. Eftersom projektet var begränsat i tid och budget gjordes ett antal förenklingar. Till exempel skulle Mozart2000 hålla sig till en oktav, det vill säga åtta toner. Vidare skulle rytmen vara en konstant och endast en takt skulle analyseras och spelas åt gången. Det bedöms dock möjligt att duplicera systemet för att täcka ett större notomfång och/eller fler takter.

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Doyle, Robin, and Lewenstedt Therese. "Påverkas omsättningstillväxten av en börsnotering? : En kvantitativ studie." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-28132.

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Syfte: Att undersöka sambandet mellan börsnotering och omsättningstillväxt hos primärnoterade företag på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. Studien avgränsas till att undersöka noteringens påverkan endast på omsättningstillväxten, under en sjuårsperiod. Teori: Den teoretiska referensramen som appliceras i studien är till för att besvara syftet och forskningsfrågorna. Studien använder sig främst av tidigare forskning som bas. Metod: Studien utgår från en kvantitativ forskningspunkt med statistisk tyngd. Undersökningen genomförs genom insamling av årsrapporter från börsnoterade företag från databasen Retreiver Business. Datan analyseras genom linjär regression och säkerställs statistiskt genom hypotesprövningar. Empiri: Empirin baseras på den insamlade datan från Retriver Bussines, som sedan gestaltas i tre regressionsanalyser för sjuårsperioden som sedan testas statistiskt. I två av de tre regressionerna kan vi statistiskt säkerställa sambandet. Slutsats: Studien slutsatser grundar sig i regressionsanalyserna där sambandet mellan omsättningstillväxt och tid illustreras. Av studien kan slutsatsen om ett positivt samband mellan börsnotering och ökad omsättningstillväxt

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Ferreira, Jorge Miguel Magalhães. "O teorema das vantagens comparadas na OMC : um teorema conveniente ou simplesmente incompreendido?" Master's thesis, FEUC, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/26600.

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Trabalho de projeto do mestrado em Economia (Economia Financeira), apresentado à Faculdade de Economia da Universidade de Coimbra, sob a orientação de Margarida Antunes.
A Organização Mundial do Comércio como organismo internacional que rege as trocas comerciais entre os seus membros, desde a sua criação teve como objectivo terminar com o proteccionismo económico, permitindo deste modo a promoção de um comércio internacional liberalizado. O teorema de referência é o das vantagens comparadas de David Ricardo tal como se deduz das suas publicações. Discutimos a pertinência desta escolha ao nível das hipóteses subjacentes ao teorema e das determinates actuais do comércio internacional e da globalização económica e concluímos que existe uma total incongruência entre eles. Deste modo, ou a OMC segue a sua referência teórica e começa a regular a concorrência internacional, de modo que a diferença na estrutura de custos seja o único fundamento para a existência de comércio internacional, ou então, não concorda com esta e não utiliza o teorema das vantagens comparadas. A verdade é que este teorema é conveniente, pois parece simples de entender e para além disto sugere benefícios repartidos com o comércio internacional.

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Schoeniger, Frank. "Spring: Sun's neuer Kern fuer objektorientierte, verteilte Anwendungen." Thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 1996. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-199600170.

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In dieser Arbeit werden die neuen objektorientierten Mechanismen von Sun's neuem Kern ¨Spring¨ vorgestellt. Hier wurden erstmals die Standards der OMG (Object Managment Group) umgesetzt. An einem kleinen Beispiel wird das Programmieren unter Spring erlaeutert.

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Calestam, Bengt. "OMT-A : An Extension of OMT to Model Active Rules." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-387.

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Today there are commercially available databases with active features, i.e. active mechanisms are available for development of information systems. But the usage of active mechanisms is low in practice. This is due to the insufficient methodological support in analysis and design for developing ECA rule based software. It has been proposed that one of the most suitable ways to tackle this problem is not to develop new methods but to extend existing methodologies.

In this thesis an extension of the Object Modeling Technique (OMT) is developed, called OMT-A, which is able to model active rules. The Active Database Management System Manifesto is used as a base for the refinements. OMT-A also supports an extensive set of event operators. Although the refined notation and the new, recommended steps, it is still possible to use OMT-A as if it is the original OMT.

OMT-A is compared with OMT and two other extensions of OMT. The comparison revealed some interesting differences, e.g. to what extent OMT has been changed. It also turned out that OMT-A is the only one of the three refined versions having an explicit focus on the dynamic modeling, which is an interesting contribution of this work

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Ohlson, Christian, and Joakim Öhrner. "Informationsasymmetri och Insiderhandel : En händelsestudie om informationsasymmetrins påverkan på insiderhandelns avkastning på Stockholm OMX." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-91038.

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Problembakgrund & problemdiskussion: Studier utförda på aktiemarknader över hela världen tyder idag på att personer med unik information tillgodogör sig abnormala avkastningar. Detta informationsgap kallas för informationsasymmetri och de som tenderar att utnyttja gapet kallas för insiders. Tidigare studier har indikerat att informationsasymmetri påverkar bolagets interna val av informationsmetodik och därmed kan utnyttjas av personer med insynsställning för att erhålla abnormala avkastningar. Tidigare genomförda studier har funnit positiva samband mellan forskning och utveckling och överavkastning och vidare att personer som replikerar insiders handelsmönster har möjlighet att erhålla abnormal avkastning. Undersökningar kring detta på den svenska aktiemarknaden har dock aldrig genomförts, där forskare haft informationsasymmetri som en förklarande variabel för insiderhandelns avkastning. Problemformulering: - Leder en högre grad av informationsasymmetri till högre avkastning för insiderhandeln? Syfte: Uppsatsens huvudsyfte ämnar undersöka huruvida det finns ett positivt samband mellan graden av informationsasymmetri och insiderhandelns avkastning. Det första delsyftet undersöker om insiderhandelns avkastning är högre i forskning och utvecklingsbolag (oavsett FoU storlek) än i bolag utan forskning och utveckling. Det andra delsyftet kartlägger om en hög grad av FoU genererar högre avkastning än insiderhandel i bolag utan FoU. Det sista delsyftet jämför avkastningen för två olika nivåer av FoU, hög och låg, och antas illustrera en hög och låg grad informationsasymmetri. Teori: Uppsatsen behandlar informationsasymmetri, teorier om marknadseffektivitet, signalteori och beteendebaserad finansiell ekonomi. Fokus ämnar ligga på teori om insiderhandel och informationsasymmetri. Uppsatsens hypotestester har potentialen att belysa informationsasymmetri och insiderhandel ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Metod: Utifrån det författarna valt att undersöka har man valt en kvantitativ studie med deduktiv ansats. Problemformuleringen kommer undersökas ur ett händelsestudie perspektiv. Studien omfattar 2003-01-01 till 2012-12-31 och inkluderar Stockholmsbörsens Small-, Mid- och Large-Cap. Den kvantitativa studien utgår från 120 portföljer där insiders i de valda bolagen är nettoköpare under kalendermånad. Empiri & Analys: Studiens sammanvägda resultat indikerar att graden av informationsasymmetri påverkar insiderhandelns avkastning. Efter publicering av insiderköp i bolag med en hög grad forskning och utveckling kan investerare tillgodogöra sig 2,37 % högre i kalendermånadsavkastning. Slutsats: Slutsatsen visar att insider tenderar att utnyttja sitt komparativa informationsövertag för att erhålla abnormal avkastning. Detta gör insiders genom att handla när de exempelvis anser aktien vara undervärderad. Uppsatsens slutsats visar även att insiderhandel som sker i företag med en hög grad av forskning och utveckling, genererar högre avkastning, än insiderhandel som sker i bolag med en låg grad av forskning och utveckling. Avslutningsvis indikerar slutsatsen också att ingen skillnad i avkastning verkar existera mellan insiderhandel i bolag med eller utan forskning och utveckling. Detta kan appliceras på Stockholmsbörsens Small-, Mid- och Large-Cap listor för mätperioden.

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Björelind, Nils, and Henrik Liljestrand. "Tillförlitlighet i aktieanalytikers prognoser." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-355527.

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Prognoser publicerade av aktieanalytiker har en betydande påverkan på kapitalmarknaden och investeringsbeslut. Genom att förmedla information inom kapitalmarknaden spelar aktieanalytiker en vital roll. Därför syftar denna studie till att undersöka aktieanalytikers förmåga att prognostisera finansiella nyckeltal från företags resultaträkning. Studien syftar även till att undersöka under vilka förhållanden aktieanalytikers träffsäkerhet påverkas. Vi undersöker aktieanalytikers träffsäkerhet genom att mäta prognosfel i konsensusestimat över perioden 2000 – 2017 för 93 företag listade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm Large Cap. Vi finner ett positivt samband mellan marknadsvärde och ökad träffsäkerhet i aktieanalytikers prognoser för mindre företag. Vi finner även att ett högt antal analytiker som ingår i konsensus positivt påverkar prognosens träffsäkerhet. Resultaten visar även att träffsäkerheten i aktieanalytikers prognoser varierar beroende på antal analytiker i konsensus inom olika sektorer.
In this study, we investigate the accuracy of stock analyst estimates. We measure forecasting accuracy by forecasting error for key financial figures from the firm’s income statements. This study also measures firm specific factors effect on analyst forecasting accuracy. Our study includes 93 companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm Large Cap between the years 2000 – 2017. Our findings conclude that a positive correlation exists between market value and forecasting accuracy for smaller firms. We also find that analyst coverage is positively related to forecasting accuracy. Our findings also show that forecasting accuracy varies with analyst coverage within different sectors.

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Wendeberg, Linus, and Marcus Olofsson. "Styrelsesammansättning och finansiell prestation : En studie av den svenska marknaden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148178.

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Svensk bolagsstyrning regleras enligt Koden. Bolagsstyrning är ett omdiskuterat ämne som behandlar aspekter som bland annat anger hur många oberoende styrelseledamöter som ska finnas i ett företag eller exempelvis att svenska företag ska sträva efter en jämn könsfördelning i styrelsen. Det finns flera exempel på länder som infört lagstadgad könskvotering och detta har även varit uppe för diskussion i Sverige. Huruvida olika styrelsesammansätt- ningar faktiskt påverkar ett företags finansiella prestation är väl studerat ur ett internationellt perspektiv, däremot är den befintliga forskningen av den svenska marknaden något begränsad. Syftet med studien är att undersöka huruvida det finns ett sam- band mellan bolagsstyrningen och finansiell prestation hos före- tag noterade på Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. Bolagsstyrning defi- nieras utifrån styrelsens sammansättning och den finansiella pre- stationen utifrån ett värderingsmått och ett redovisningsmått. Samtliga av studiens hypoteser förkastas, däremot konstateras ett positivt signifikant samband mellan styrelsestorlek och Tobin’s Q. Mellan variablerna andel oberoende, andel kvinnor och ge- nomsnittsålder återfinns däremot inget signifikant samband i regressionen med samtliga företag. Däremot återfinns ett antal spridda samband när Nasdaq OMX Stockholm analyseras uppde- lat i small cap, mid cap och large cap var för sig. Exempelvis för företag tillhörande large cap finns ett positivt samband mellan an- delen kvinnliga ledamöter och finansiell prestation.
Background Swedish corporate governance is governed by ‘Koden’. Corporate governance is a controversial topic that deals with aspects that indicate, among other things, how many independent board members to be present in a company or, for example, that Swe- dish companies should strive for an even gender distribution in the board. There are several examples of countries that have introduced statutory gender quotas, and this has also been discussed in Sweden. Whether different board compositions actually affect a company’s financial performance is well studied from an inter- national perspective, on the other hand, the existing research of the Swedish market is somewhat limited. Purpose The purpose with this study is to investigate whether there is a relationship between corporate governance and financial performance of companies listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm. Corpo- rate governance is defined on the basis of the composition of the board and the financial performance is based on both a valuation measure and an accounting measure. Conclusion All of the hypotheses in the study are rejected. However, a positive significant relationship is found between board size and To-bin’s Q. No significant relationship can be found between the var- iables independence, women and age in the regression with all companies. However when Nasdaq OMX Stockholm is analyzed divided into small cap, mid cap and large cap, a number of relationships are identified.

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Tungel, Caroline, and Gustav Jonasson. "Förekommer low-balling på svenskarevisionsmarknaden? : En studie av revisionsbyråbyten under år 2002-2009 i bolagnoterade på Stockholm NASDAQ OMX." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176549.

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Studien undersöker huruvida revisionsbyråer vid revisionsbyråbyten initialt offererarrevisionsarvoden som understiger deras kostnader för att sedan höja revisionsarvodetefterföljande år, så kallad low-balling. I denna studie undersöks om low-balling förekommervid revisionsbyråbyten under år 2002-2009 i bolag noterade på Stockholm Nasdaq OMX. Förekomstav low-balling på revisionsmarknaden har studerats världen över sedan 1980-talet och har främstmotiverats av oron för en negativ korrelation med revisorers oberoende. Urholkning av revisorersoberoende i samband med förekomst av low-balling har argumenterats uppkomma på grund av deninitiala förlust som uppstår det första revisionsåret. Det finns därmed ökade incitament för enrevisionsbyrå att möta bolagets intresse på bekostnad av användarna av en revision för att erhållaframtida intäkter. Förekomst av low-balling är således intressant att undersöka då det kan påverkarevisorers oberoende och därmed minska revisionens försäkran. Tidigare studiers resultat omförekomst av low-balling varierar, fenomenet har dock aldrig undersökts på den svenskamarknaden. Studien påvisar förekomst av low-balling i en knapp majoritet av revisionsbyråbytenunder år 2002-2009 i bolag noterade på Stockholm Nasdaq OMX. Majoriteten av revisionsbyråbytendär förekomst low-balling påvisas innehar en sänkning av revisionsarvoden med över -10 procentvid revisionsbyråbyten följt av höjning med över 20 procent. Då resultatet uppvisar indikation påförekomst av low-balling vid revisionsbyråbyten påvisar denna studie vikten av framtida studier avaspekter som härrör till fenomenet. Aspekter så som low-balling i relation till revisionens funktionoch revisorers oberoende, drivkrafter bakom förekomst av low-balling samt eventuella effekter somkan uppstå i och med low-balling.

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Rustner, Olof. "Competition in the exchange industry : An event study of the Nordic equity trading market." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133302.

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This paper explores how the five largest trading venues in the Nordic region compete after theimplementation of MiFID in November 2007. I investigate: (1) if NASDAQ OMX’s market sharehas increased post the introduction of major changes to its market structure, and (2) how anexchange operator can attract equity share order flow in the near future. By applying event studiesto NASDAQ OMX’s market share over time, I find that introducing a faster trading system andadmitting a high frequency trading firm as a member both have a negative impact on NASDAQOMX’s market share. The reductions in market share can be explained by high frequency tradingfirms’ trading behaviour. Introducing central counterparty clearing has a positive effect onNASDAQ OMX’s market share, which highlights market participants’ appreciation of a securetrading environment, and confirms that it is not only posting the best bid and ask quotes thatattracts order flow to an exchange. It can be concluded that NASDAQ OMX in the future needs toaddress an important trade-off between total turnover and market share, as the two are not alwayspositively correlated.

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Gomes, Cammilla Horta. "Construindo consensos e não-consensos internacionais em saúde : os medicamentos irregulares." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.03.D.20087.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Estudos Avançados Multidisciplinares, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento, Sociedade e Cooperação Internacional, 2015.
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A ocorrência de “medicamentos irregulares” no mercado é uma ameaça ao direito à saúde. O presente estudo objetiva compreender, a partir do referencial analítico do Sistema-Mundo de Wallerstein, os processos de formulação de consensos internacionais - especificamente nas negociações multilaterais na Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), na área de medicamentos irregulares - estabelecendo uma reflexão crítica quanto aos interesses que podem determinar seus resultados. O trabalho de investigação foi estruturado em uma pesquisa documental na base de dados da OMS e em diversas bases de dados de documentos acadêmicos / científicos. Os dados coletados são apresentados e analisados comparativamente, com foco na identificação de conceitos relacionados a “medicamentos irregulares” - categoria analítica criada especialmente para o trabalho de pesquisa. A pesquisa propicia uma melhor compreensão dos processos negociadores na OMS sobre medicamentos irregulares, no período de 1985 a 2014, e apresenta um diagnóstico quanto à abordagem do tema pela literatura científica. Identificam-se problemas, limites e desafios no processo de construção de consensos internacionais sobre a questão dos medicamentos irregulares, e os achados sugerem que há interesses diversos, fora do campo social (da saúde pública), que determinam seus resultados.
The existence of “non-regular drugs” in the market is a threat to the right to health. This study aims at understanding, from the analytical perspective of Wallerstein’s World-System, the processes of achieving international consensus - specifically related to multilateral negotiations within the World Health Organization (WHO), concerning non-regular drugs - elaborating a critical thinking regarding the interests that might determine their results. The investigation work was structured as a documental research in the WHO database and in several other databases of scientific and academic documents. The data collected is presented and comparatively analyzed, with a focus on the identification of definitions relating to “non-regular drugs” - an analytical category created especially for this research project. The research enables further understanding of the negotiating processes within WHO concerning non-regular drugs, from 1985 to 2014, and presents a diagnosis related to the subject’s approach by the academic literature. We identify problems, constraints and challenges in the course of international consensus-building about non-regular drugs, and the results suggest that there are other interests, outside the social arena (public health), that influence its outcomes.

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Carta, Humberto. "Organização e estrutura na obra inicial do O.M.A. : 1972-1992." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/182655.

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A produção arquitetônica de Rem Koolhaas e seu Office for Metropolitan Architecture pode ser considerada, sem o risco de se incorrer em exageros, uma das mais influentes do fim do século XX e início do século XXI. Figuras influentes da arquitetura contemporânea passaram por seu escritório e trabalharam sob sua tutela, diversas publicações dedicam edições inteiras às suas obras e seu reconhecimento internacional torna-se incontestável após ser laureado em 2000 com o prêmio Pritzker. Apesar do reconhecimento, o caminho que Koolhaas trilhou junto a seu escritório desde sua fundação, em 1972, até as primeiras obras concluídas e o reconhecimento da crítica especializada, em 1992, é relativamente desconhecido, com a maior parte do material disponível dispersado em periódicos diversos. Percebe-se também que publicações que analisam projetos do OMA tendem a abordar a obra através de seu valor simbólico ou sócio-econômico, com uma tendência a relacionar diretamente a biografia de Koolhaas e seus textos às formas produzidas. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo organizar, sistematizar e categorizar informações sobre as duas primeiras décadas de produção do OMA—1972 a 1992, coincidindo com o período abordado por Koolhaas em seu tomo S, M, L, XL. Através da análise formal dos projetos, com ênfase nos diferentes tipos de estrutura utilizados em projetos ao longo da carreira do OMA, pretende-se elucidar a transformação das estratégias projetuais do escritório e reiterar a presença da tradição moderna nos projetos de Koolhaas.
Rem Koolhaas and his Office for Metropolitan Architecture projects can be considered, without the risk of exaggeration, one of the most influential body of works of the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. Influential professionals in contemporary architecture worked at the office and learned from Koolhaas’s teachings, several magazines dedicate entire issues to his works, and his international recognition became indisputable after he was awarded the Pritzker Prize in 2000. Although Koolhaas and his office were internationally recognized, the path that led to this recognition-from its foundation in 1972 to its first works being built and subsequent success with specialized critics in 1992-is relatively unknown, with most of the available material being spread out among different magazines. It is also noteworthy that the critics who analyze Koolhaas’s work projects tend to approach the work through its symbolic or socio-economic value, with a tendency to directly relate the biography of Koolhaas and his texts to the forms of his designs. This dissertation aims to organize, systematize and categorize information on the first two decades of OMA’s production — from 1972 to 1992, coinciding with the period covered by Koolhaas in his book S, M, L, XL. Through a formal analysis of his works, focusing on the different types of structure utilized in projects throughout the years, this dissertation intends to clarify the office’s transformation of design strategies and reaffirm the continuation of the modern tradition present in Koolhaas’s work.

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VIANNA, Catarina Carvalho. "Política comercial brasileira : possíveis impactos de uma redução nas tarifas de importação do setor automativo e textil." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/4032.

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O desenvolvimento das políticas comerciais adotadas por um país possui diferentes impactos em vários setores da economia. As conseqüências podem ser positivas e negativas dependendo da reação de cada setor ao alterar o nível do local de produção, de emprego e de produtividade, diante dos resultados das medidas comerciais. Com o objetivo de aumentar o comércio internacional, os países têm se envolvido em negociações, como blocos econômicos e negociações multilaterais, visando uma redução ou eliminação das barreiras comerciais entre eles. A participação do Brasil nas negociações da Organização Mundial do Comércio OMC e do Mercado Comum do Sul MERCOSUL é um reflexo desse cenário. A participação pode trazer influências significativas em muitos setores da economia brasileira como aconteceu, por exemplo, na Reforma Tarifária realizada pelo Brasil na década de 90. Este trabalho objetivou analisar os impactos das políticas comerciais adotadas pelo Brasil que visam reduzir tarifas de importação. Foi feita uma simulação de uma redução tarifária utilizando como exemplo o setor automotivo e têxtil. O modelo de redução tarifária foi baseado na Fórmula Suíça proposto pela OMC para países em desenvolvimento. A simulação encontrou tarifas de importação muito abaixo da média praticada pelo Brasil que podem trazer conseqüências negativas para o setor. Para mensurar a variação do volume de importação do setor ao adotar tarifas mais baixa, o trabalho utilizou o conceito de elasticidade. Os resultados mostraram que produtos mais elásticos apresentaram um maior crescimento do volume importado. Por outro lado, produtos inelásticos apresentaram um crescimento bem inferior que os demais. A análise mostrou a importância das conseqüências da política comercial adotada por um país

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Cristina, Cruz de Paula Nélia. "A questão do trabalho infantil e suas conseqüências no direito brasileiro - o paradoxo entre realidade social e normas jurídicas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2003. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/4822.

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O cenário mundial de busca por vantagens competitivas no comércio internacional, tem levado à precarização do emprego e ao uso da mão-de-obra infantil, apesar dos esforços em combatê-lo. No Brasil, apesar de proibido o trabalho a menores de 16 anos, exceto a aprendizagem entre 14 e 16 anos, um grande número de crianças trabalham à margem do amparo legal. Claro é o paradoxo entre realidade social e normas jurídicas, surgindo a necessidade de analisar que conseqüências jurídicas podem advir desta relação de emprego, onde o empregado, menor de 16 anos, é pessoa absolutamente incapaz

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Peixoto, Paes Silva Rebecca. "Reposta imune de crianças desnutridas graves tratadas segundo o protocolo adaptado da OMS na fase hospitalar." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8151.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A desnutrição grave diminui a imunocompetência e com isso, aumenta a mortalidade infantil. Com o intuito de minimizar a morbimortalidade hospitalar, a OMS publicou diretrizes específicas para o tratamento de crianças com desnutrição grave. Portanto, supõe-se que na alta hospitalar os pacientes apresentem melhora da resposta imunológica. Esta dissertação originou o artigo intitulado Resposta imune de crianças desnutridas graves tratadas segundo o protocolo da OMS na fase hospitalar, atualmente submetido para publicação, e que está apresentado às páginas 25-42. O objetivo foi comparar reposta imune inata de crianças desnutridas graves internadas, tratadas segundo o protocolo da OMS, no momento da admissão e alta hospitalar. Para tal, foi realizado estudo experimental realizado com crianças menores de dois anos de idade, sendo 10 com desnutrição grave, e 10 crianças do grupo controle. O grupo desnutrido foi composto por pacientes internados no Instituto Materno Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP) e submetidas ao protocolo da OMS. Foram excluídas as crianças portadoras do vírus HIV e aquelas reinternadas no período do estudo. Foi coletada uma amostra sanguínea na admissão e outra na alta hospitalar, sendo realizada análise do perfil leucocitário, índice de aderência, capacidade fagocitária e a produção de radicais livres (superóxido e óxido nítrico). Os pacientes com desnutrição grave apresentaram na admissão redução significativa da atividade fagocítica e produção de radicais oxidantes. Na alta hospitalar, foi observado melhora da função fagocitária e da liberação de óxido nítrico e superóxido, em relação à admissão hospitalar (p<0,005), entretanto, quando comparados ao grupo controle, os pacientes apresentaram valores reduzidos de linfócitos, assim como diminuição na produção de radicais livres. A partir destes resultados, foi observado que o tempo de hospitalização mostrou-se eficaz em restabelecer a atividade fagocitária, porém insuficiente em restaurar a atividade microbicida e o número de linfócitos

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Luttenbacher, Damien. "Modélisation du concept capteur intelligent par une approche orientée objet : application à un capteur intelligent de température." Nancy 1, 1997. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1997_0005_LUTTENBACHER.pdf.

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S'inscrivant dans la mouvance des travaux du CIAME (comite interprofessionnel pour l'automatisation et la mesure) et les réflexions du groupe de travail cran-AMI(actionnements et mesures intelligents) relatifs aux capteurs intelligents, cette étude propose un modèle de référence générique du concept capteur intelligent, développé dans un contexte de réutilisabilité. Dans cette optique, la démarche de modélisation adoptée repose sur une approche orientée objet, suivant la technique de modélisation par objets (object modeling technique : OMT) formalisant les aspects structurels, comportemental et fonctionnel du capteur intelligent. La description du capteur intelligent est réalisée à l'aide de l'AGL (atelier de génie logiciel) LOV/OMT (commercialisé par la société Verilog) support de la méthodologie OMT. La validation dynamique de la description du capteur intelligent est réalisée dans l'environnement GEODE (commercialise par la société Verilog). Les concepts de modélisation et de réutilisation sont appliques a la modélisation d'un capteur intelligent de température et se concrétisent par le développement d'un outil de simulation, s'appuyant sur les modèles élaborés.

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Alvear, Cabezón Andrés Arturo. "Ultra-pure digital detection of polarization for radio astronomy applications." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/167849.

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Magíster en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Mención Ingeniería Eléctrica
Polarization is a key measurement within radio astronomy because its state can give insight as to the physical conditions of the source and the medium the radiation has traveled through. In radio astronomy receivers, the device used to separate the polarization is known as an Ortho-Mode Transducer (OMT). The OMT is a passive component that separates signals into two orthogonal components. Using available millimeter-wave analog technology, wideband heterodyne receiver systems generally obtain polarization isolation ratios of 15dB to 20dB, insufficient for modern astronomical applications. That low polarization isolation ratio is due to the presence of leakage from one polarization contaminating the other, which is known as cross-polarization. In order to improve polarization isolation and reduce cross-polarization, a new approach called Digital OMT has been proposed, based on passing one given functionality from the analog domain to the digital domain using digital signal processing techniques. Digital techniques were studied to improve OMT performance, which led to the design of a polarimeter based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The polarimeter was implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), including the implementation of a Ku-band analog front-end to characterize the design and measure the synthesized polarization. This thesis introduces a prototype of a DOMT created for real-time processing and continuous integration, suitable for radio astronomy observations. The configuration used is based on the architecture of a compact four-port OMT. The outputs are downconverted using mixers and then directly digitalized using four 8bit ADC sampling at 1.2 GSPS. A 180° hybrid was implemented on the FPGA together with a set of calibration vectors, with the purpose of compensating the amplitude and phase imbalance typical of analog radio astronomy front-ends. This calibrated Digital OMT exhibits a polarization isolation ratio of more than 40 dB for the entire RF bandwidth, representing an improvement factor of 100 over its analog counterpart.
Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines (CATA-BASAL-PBF 06), FONDECYT 11140428 y 1121051, y ALMA-CONICYT 31150012. Agradecemos a Xilinx Inc. por la donación de circuitos integrados y licencias de software y a la comunidad de CASPER por el apoyo brindado.

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Frollo, Martin. "Implementace komunikačního scénáře využívajícího Data distribution service a hodnocení bezpečnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400925.

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The diploma thesis is focusing on middleware layer in distributed systems. It introduces typically used communication protocols and standards operating on this layer. In theoretical part it brings closer look at OMG DDS specification. This part contains fundamental functionalities of this specification along with its architecture blocks. Thesis also describes the RTPS protocol functionality. Existing implementations of OMG DDS standard are described at the end of theoretical part. OpenDDS 3.13 implementation is used in practical part of thesis. It is deployed and tested on various platforms. Next part verifies option of securing RTPS data stream using beta version of OMG DDS Security, which OpenDDS 3.13 implementation contains. Secured and unsecured data flows are being compared. Latency of data stream is also important, especially in distributed systems. DDS system, which measures latency of RTPS stream is created in practical part. Latency of this DDS system can be measured in various configurations. Difference of devices’ performance used in measurements can be clearly seen in latency results where the size of data samples is increasing. Differences of measured latency are also recognizable between reliable and unreliable and secure and unsecure RTPS stream. Part of measurements is made between 2 physical devices with and without an attacker. Type of attack is MITM and it captures RTPS flow, which does not belong to attacking machine.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'OMJ'

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