Academic literature on the topic 'OMO (open market operations)'
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Journal articles on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Carlson, William H., and Conway L. Lackman. "Raising Interest Rates: IOER vs. OMO: Interest On Excess Reserves Vs Open Market Operations." International Journal of Financial Research 9, no. 1 (2017): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v9n1p142.
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We demonstrate that IOER should make the excess reserves even larger, continuing the problem of monetary policy control and rewarding the banks for their policy errors fostering the Great Recession by giving them risk free returns on the $2.5 trillion of idle funds that are benefiting no one except the banks themselves, or having the banks invest those idle funds in some useful manner such as helping finance the government deficit and fix our roads and bridges. The number 1 priority should be to get rid of the troublesome excess reserves and utilizing open market operations (OMO).
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JOHN, AKPAN GABRIEL. "MONETARY POLICIES AND THE PERFORMANCE OF ZENITH BANK BRANCHES IN UYO, AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA." Global Journal of Finance, Business and Public Administration 1, no. 1 (2024): 66–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10932831.
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<strong>Abstract</strong>This study is an attempt to systematically assess the strength of the correlation betweenmonetary policies and the development of the banking sector in Nigeria. The study, byextension, examines the strength of the correlation between Open Market Operations(OMO) and the development of Zenith Bank Plc, Uyo branches, Akwa Ibom State. Thestudy employed monetary theory as its theoretical framework. Both qualitative andquantitative methodologies were used in the collection and analysis of data. A simplerandom sampling technique was employed to select three out of the four Zenith Bankbranches in Uyo, while the Taro Yamane formula was employed to select respondents forthe study. The analysis of data was achieved using both descriptive and inferentialstatistics. The findings of the study showed that there is a strong correlation betweenmonetary policies and the development of Zenith Bank Plc, Uyo branches, Akwa IbomState. The study also revealed that when Zenith Bank Plc purchases governmentsecurities on open market operations, it increases the reserves of Zenith Bank Plc as acommercial bank and allows it to increase its loans and investment discount rate policyto alter the bank's borrowing cost, which controls the circulation of money in theeconomy. It was recommended, among others, that Zenith Bank Plc should be allowed topurchase government securities in the open market, as this can increase the reserve ofZenith Bank Plc and improve their loans, investments, and development.
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Mridul, Pandey, and Archana Aher Dr. "To Analyze The RBI Monetary And Tools Used By RBI In Curbing Inflation." Young Researcher 12, no. 4 (2023): 40 to 46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10537251.
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<em>This paper describes about the RBI monetary policy and how RBI functions in order to control the inflation and the cash flow in the market. The main objective of the paper is to give an insight on RBI monetary policies tools used by RBI in curbing inflation. It have seen that RBI uses various methods in curbing inflation and maintain liquidity in the market as CRR, SLR, OMO and guidance and forward guidance.</em>
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Pasarela, Husni, and Fakhrurradhi Fakhrurradhi. "Analisis Peran Sukuk dalam Menunjang Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional." Mubeza 11, no. 1 (2022): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54604/mbz.v11i1.57.
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Di Indonesia perkembangan sukuk/ obligasi syariah terbilang cukup lambat dibandingkan dengan negara-negara muslim lainnya. Meskipun sukuk memiliki fungsi yang strategis dalam menunjang pembangunan ekonomi nasional. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan ini diketahui bahwa peran fungsi sukuk dalam pembangunan ekonomi nasional ada 6 yaitu: (1) Mendorong pertumbuhan industri keuangan syariah nasional, (2) Membantu BI dalam melakukan Open Market Operation (OMO), (3) Menambah alternatif instrumen investasi bagi masyarakat, (4) Meningkatkan porsi pembiayaan infrastruktur, (5) Mendorong tertib pengelolaan BMN, (6) Mendorong tertib pengelolaan proyek infrastruktur Pemerintah.
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Michael Kwakye and Seth Okoh Okai. "Assessing the Impact of Monetary Policy on the Financial Performance of Listed Commercial Banks in Ghana." Dama Academic Scholarly Journal of Researchers 10, no. 3 (2025): 121–40. https://doi.org/10.4314/dasjr.v10i3.5.
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The Central Bank of a country usually implements monetary policies comprising various instruments and strategies used to regulate the money supply, interest rates, and overall economic stability. A study was steered to assess the influence of financial policies on Ghana's monetary performance. The study employed secondary data spanning 2012 to 2022. A quantitative research approach and an explanatory research design stayed employed. According to the research, the viable financial institution standing is positively and expressively influence by the financial institution’s open market operation. The open market operation for selling portray a negative substantial impact on the financial institution’s performance. The bank of Ghana rate likewise had a negative and statistically substantial effect on the profitability of viable financial institution. The reserve requirement proportion has a statistically significant adverse effect on profitability. The study recommended that central banks should consider adjusting their OMO strategies accordingly and should consider doing so in a timely and gradual manner. Also, Central Banks should consider implementing counter-cyclical measures alongside their OMO strategies. Central Banks should provide clear and transparent forward guidance regarding their future interest rate decisions. Commercial banks can anticipate rate movements better and adjust their strategies accordingly, reducing uncertainty and potential negative impacts. Finally, central banks can use reserve requirement ratios as a countercyclical tool. During periods of economic expansion, they could raise the ratios to curb excessive lending and prevent overheating. Conversely, they could lower the ratios during economic downturns to encourage lending and stimulate economic activity.
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Muia, Edna Mbithe, and Tumaini Mutugi Mwikamba. "Monetary Policy Instruments and Financial Performance of the Banking Industry in Kenya." International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research (IJSSHR) ISSN 2959-7056 (o); 2959-7048 (p) 2, no. 3 (2024): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.61108/ijsshr.v2i3.140.
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The Kenyan banking sector has faced significant volatility in recent years, notably marked by a decline in Return on Assets (ROA). This decrease reflects the sector's struggles with rising inflation, currency depreciation, and increased non-performing loans. Economic uncertainties and tighter global monetary policies have compounded these challenges, resulting in a more unstable financial environment. This volatility underscores the sector's sensitivity to both domestic and international economic conditions. In response, this research aimed to investigate the effect of monetary policy instruments on the financial performance of banks in Kenya. The study sought to analyze the effect of lending rates, money supply, open market operations (OMO), and the Central Bank Rate (CBR) on banks' financial performance. Anchored on four relevant theories—the Loanable Funds Theory, Quantity Theory of Money, Keynesian Economics, and Zero Bound Theory. The research utilized a causal design and a multiple linear regression model. Covering all 42 banks operating in Kenya from January 2009 to December 2023, the study employed secondary data. The correlation analysis reveals significant relationships between the monetary policy instruments and the financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Lending rates demonstrate a positive relationship with financial performance, suggesting that higher rates may benefit banks’ profitability. In contrast, both money supply and central bank rate show negative associations with financial performance, implying that increases in these variables might hinder profitability. Additionally, the analysis indicates a positive link between open market operations and bank performance, highlighting the varied effects of these monetary instruments on the banks' financial outcomes. Collectively, these insights underscore the interconnectedness of these monetary policy instruments and their impact on the financial performance of banks in Kenya. Given the complex interplay of these factors, policymakers should adopt a holistic view, regularly reviewing and adjusting policies to maintain economic stability while supporting a robust banking sector.
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Acha, Ikechukwu A., and Keto Roosevelt Enow. "Indirect Monetary Policy and Performance of the Nigerian Economy." AKSU Journal of Administration and Corporate Governance 3, no. 3 (2023): 202–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.61090/aksujacog.2023.029.
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This study was carried out to examine the effect of indirect monetary policy on the performance of the Nigerian Economy from 1993 to 2020. In carrying out the investigation, the researchers made use of various parameters which included real gross domestic product (RGDP) as a variable of economic performance, while open market operations (OMO), monetary policy rate (MPR), cash reserve ratio (CRR) and liquidity ratio (LQR) were used as monetary policy variables. In this study, secondary data were used, while the ex-post facto research design was employed. Multiple regression analyses, unit root tests and co-integration tests were the econometric techniques used for data analysis. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test statistic revealed that the time series properties of the variables were stationary at level, first and second differences. The variables were co-integrated with at least three cointegrating equations for the tested hypothesis. The multiple regression analysis results revealed that indirect monetary policy instruments explained approximately 73 per cent, of total variations in RGDP. The individual variables: OMO, MPR, and CRR were statistically significant to changes in RGDP, while LQR was statistically insignificant. The study found a positive relationship between indirect monetary policy and the performance of the Nigerian economy and further concluded that indirect monetary policy contributed positively to the performance of the Nigerian economy within the period under review.
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Fitrawaty, Fitrawaty. "Keterkaitan Instrumen Kebijakan Moneter dengan Tingkat Pengangguran." Economics Development Analysis Journal 7, no. 4 (2018): 421–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v7i4.25101.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana interdependensi instrument kebijakan moneter dengan pengangguran di Indonesia selama periode tahun 2000 – 2011. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series yang diperoleh dari Bank Indonesia, Biro Pusat Statistik dan institusi lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Vector Auturegression (VAR) dilanjutkan dengan Struktural Vector Auturegression (SVAR). Berdasarkan hasil interpretasi VAR dan SVAR, secara khusus diperoleh bahwa keterkaitan antara instrumen moneter dengan pengangguran (UNEMP) memiliki arah yang berbeda. Variabel operasi pasar terbuka (OPT), tingkat suku bunga diskonto (rDiskonto), dan tingkat bunga domestik (rDom), mempunyai arah yang negatif terhadap variabel pengangguran, sedangkan variabel giro wajib minimum (GWM), nilai tukar (EXC) mempunyai arah yang positif. Keseluruahan instrumen moneter secara parsial berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap UNEMP. Begitu juga setelah dilakukan shock dengan menaikkan OPT sebesar 5% pada tahun 2010, diperoleh bahwa variabel OPT, GWM, rDiskonto, rDOM, EXC, juga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pengangguran.
 This study is intended to analyze the correlation of monetary policy instruments with unemployment in Indonesia during the period 2000 - 2011. The data used are time series data obtained from Bank of Indonesia, the Central Statistics Bureau and other institutions. This study uses Vector Auto regression (VAR) method followed by Structural Vector Auto regression (SVAR). Based on the results of the interpretation of VAR and SVAR, it was found that the relationship between monetary instruments with unemployment (UNEMP) had different directions. Open market operations variable (OMO), discounted interest rates variable(discount), and domestic interest rates variable (FDOM), have a negative correlation to the unemployment variable, while the statutory reserve requirement (GWM), exchange rate (EXC) variables have a positive correlation. The partiality of monetary instruments has no significant effect on UNEMP. Likewise, after the shock of increasing OPT by 5% in 2010, it was found that the OMO variable, GWM, discount, FDOM, and EXC, also had no significant effects on unemployment.
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Owen Affor Maku and Gabriel Osakwe Ikediashi. "Monetary policy transmission tools and private sector performance – the Nigerian experience." International Journal of Advanced Economics 6, no. 5 (2024): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijae.v6i5.1159.
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Credit to private sector is considered vital for the stimulation of domestic investment, job creation, economic growth, and general improvement in the standard of living of the people. This is because the economic activity in the private sector significantly complements governments’ efforts in attaining macroeconomic objectives, globally. However, as laudable as the benefits of credit to private sector has been in catalyzing private sector performance in developed economies, the situation in most transitioning economies, particularly, Nigeria has been far from satisfying. Several studies in academic literature have identified political instability, poor institutional framework, absence of fiscal transparency, macroeconomic factors and frequent policy changes as having significant constraining influences on credit availability in Nigeria with plausible recommendations to private sector performance. However, the absence of noticeable improvement over the years, and its accompanying growth-retarding multiplier effects on domestic investment and productivity in Nigeria has instigated more concentrated studies on the direct impact of monetary policy framework in the determination of the performance of private sector through credit availability. Therefore, this study empirically evaluates the impact of key monetary policy toolkits on the availability of private sector credits and performance in Nigeria. To this end, annual time series secondary data from 1993 to 2023 were sourced from National Bureau of Statistics and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletins for various years within the study period. The study adopts Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation technique after carrying out pre-diagnostic tests such as ADF unit root test and Bound Cointegration test. Our result reveals that money aggregates (MAG) is positive and significant in explaining variations in private sector credit and performance. Further results reveal that monetary policy rate (MPR), open market operations (OMO) and inflation rate (INR) impacted negatively on the performance of private sector in Nigeria within the study period. Therefore, the study concludes that the performance of the private sector in Nigeria will improve with increased credit availability, which is positively influenced by systematic increase in money aggregates and efficiently expanded monetary policy framework. The study recommends adoption of a harmonious blend of a more relaxed monetary policy framework with purposeful compliant-based regulation that will free up liquidity for increased private sector credits and performance. Keywords: Credit to Private Sector, Monetary Policy Rate, Open Market Operations and Money Aggregates.
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Shrestha, Prakash Kumar. "An Empirical Analysis of Money Supply Process in Nepal." NRB Economic Review 25, no. 2 (2013): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nrber.v25i2.52683.
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This paper examines the money supply process in Nepal empirically on the basis of mainstream and Post-Keynesian theoretical perspectives for both pre and post-liberalization period covering the sample period of 1965/66-2009/10. The relative contribution of different components of money supply has been computed and the money supply as well as money multiplier function has been estimated. Empirical results show that disposable high powered money is found to be a major contributor to the change in monetary aggregates without any significant structural break. However, the degree of controllability of high powered money is not strong, and neither CRR nor Bank Rate has been effective monetary policy tools so far. Open market operation is found statistically significant only at 10 percent level of significance to influence disposable high powered money. On the other hand, money multipliers are affected by currency ratio, time deposits ratio and excess reserve ratio, but not by CRR. On the other hand, Granger causality based test of Post-Keynesian hypothesis reveals that money supply endogeniety cannot be ruled out. Hence, monetary policy framework needs to be changed accordingly and OMO should be strengthened further.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Kopchak, Seth J. "Essays on open market operations, the maturity composition of the public debt, and the term structure." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/11249.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2010.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 138 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 128-132).
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Harrelson-Stephens, Julie. "The value of human rights on the open market: Liberal economic policies and the achievement of personal integrity rights." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4419/.
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At the end of World War II, the United States emerged as a world leader, putting into place international institutions based on its own liberal economic philosophy. Since then, the world has witnessed an increasing interconnectedness among states, with economic relationships continually blurring the distinction between domestic and international, as well as between state and societal forces. Much of the world associates this increased interconnectedness with human suffering around the globe. This dissertation seeks to test the effects of economic globalization on personal integrity violations within a state, on the whole. Specifically, I examine three aspects associated with globalization, trade openness, investment and IMF funding within a state. Liberal economic theory suggests that economic relationships should foster positive gains. Particularly, economic relationships engender economic prosperity, diffusion of norms and idea, as well as the growth of a middle class which increasingly demands respect for its political and civil rights. Consistent with the liberal paradigm, I find that open trade and investment lead to improved personal integrity rights. In addition, investment which originates from the hegemon is especially likely to increase a state's respect for personal integrity rights. Conversely, IMF funding is likely to provoke protests from people in recipient countries, which often leads to increased repression by the state. To the extent that the IMF chooses to place importance on human rights, future attention should be paid to the practices of recipient countries. Overall, this dissertation suggests overall support for the liberal paradigm, that open economic policies are most likely to lead to improved levels of personal integrity rights.
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Яковенко, Р. В., R. Yakovenko, М. Г. Чередніченко та M. Cherednichenko. "Актуальні заходи антиінфляційної політики на сучасному етапі". Thesis, Praha : Publishing House „Education and Science” s.r.o, 2012. http://dspace.kntu.kr.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/7071.
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У тезах визначено традиційні та специфічні заходи подолання інфляції в Україні на сучасному етапі
The theses identify the traditional and specific measures to overcome inflation in Ukraine at the present stage
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Lazar, Stefan-Alexandru. "Quantitative Easing and its impact on wealth inequality." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264417.
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The aim of this thesis is to show how the unconventional monetary policy rounds of Quantitative Easing introduced in the United States between 2008 and 2014 have led to an increase in wealth inequality. The need for the thesis arises due to the uncharted nature of QE and because of more and more information is surfacing to light which points to this connection. By analysing the distribution of these funds and adding it to the then base distribution of money supply, this study was able to determine a significant 10 % increase in the Gini Index. Furthermore it highlights how a large portion of wealth was transferred from the middle class over to the top 5 % income households. Starting from a set of assumptions the calculation is performed by extrapolating the data required and by isolating the system from any external variables. The result is a theoretical model meant to describe the mechanism that links Quantitative Easing to wealth inequality. Moreover a detailed comparison is provided with the effect of a conventional monetary policy such as Open-Market Operations. Finally solutions to this issue are being discussed from economical, political and fiscal standpoints.
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Лопаткіна, І. В. "Актуальні проблеми фінансування дефіциту державного бюджету України". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59997.
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За даними, опублікованими в СМІ з посиланням на розрахунки
аналітиків інвестиційної компанії Concord Capital, дефіцит державного
бюджету України у 2009 році може скласти 62 млрд. грн. або 6,1% від ВВП
у випадку, якщо видатки бюджету не будуть кардинально переглянуті [1].
Наприкінці грудня 2008 року ВРУ прийняла державний бюджет з
граничним дефіцитом 31,105 млрд. грн., або 2,97% ВВП [11].
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Сопінська, І. О. "Грошово-кредитна політика: інструменти та їх використання у сучасних умовах". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Sopinskaya.pdf.
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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижче<br>У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти здійснення грошово-кредитної політики: досліджена її економічна сутність, ціллі та завдання; обґрунтовані інструменти грошово-кредитної політики, їх сутність та принципи застосування в сучасних умовах; розглянуті функції Національного банку України в проведенні грошово-кредитної політики.
Проаналізовано здійснення операцій з цінними паперами на відкритого ринку; визначена практика використання обов’язкових резервних вимог; зроблений аналіз процентної політики; визначені особливості регулювання валютного ринку.
Запропоновано напрямки підвищення ефективності реалізації грошово-кредитної політики в сучасних умовах функціонування банківського сектору.<br>The work deals with the theoretical aspects of aspects of implementation of monetary and credit policy are considered in the paper: its economic essence, goals and objectives are investigated; justified monetary policy instruments, their essence and principles of application in modern conditions; considered the functions of the National Bank of Ukraine in conducting monetary policy.
Тhe аuthor analysis _ transactions with securities in the open market analyzed; defined use of mandatory reserve requirements; An analysis of interest rate policy; certain features of the regulation of the foreign exchange market are determined.
Тhe author proposes directions of increasing the efficiency of monetary policy implementation in the current conditions of functioning of the banking sector.
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Мордань, Євгенія Юріївна, Евгения Юрьевна Мордань та Yevheniia Yuriivna Mordan. "До питання про поведінкові інструменти регулювання банківської системи". Thesis, Economics, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59000.
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Функціональний підхід у вивченні регулювання банківської системи дає
можливість згрупувати інструменти регулювання на структурні та поведінкові. Перші впливають безпосередньо на структуру банківської системи, при якому відбувається зміна її внутрішнього стану, а другі – на поведінку комерційних банків дозволяючи їм швидко пристосовуватися до умов зовнішнього середовища.
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HUANG, SHIU-YEN, and 黃秀燕. "Analysis of The Effectiveness of Open Market Operations: An Empirical Study of China’s Market." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mf7zae.
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碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>國際財務金融碩士在職專班<br>105<br>The main purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of China’s open market operations, that is, the People’s Bank of China has been carried out the impact on the benchmark interest rate of the Chinese money market to SHIBOR. This study takes the least squares method based on the model, to explore the influence on the quantity and price of china’s open market operations to the SHIBOR. This study period is from Jan 1st. 2012 to Feb 28th. 2017, and at the same, I use the daily, weekly and monthly data to see deeply which could match on the ratio of the liquidity theory.
Although China’s implementation of the open market operations in 1998 had become one of the operating tools of the PBOC’s monetary policy, it’s rarely used; roughly from 2012 onwards, due to economic restructuring, economic slowdown, the PBOC changed the past way to withdraw the liquidity-oriented from open market operations and suspended the issue of central bank bills; meanwhile, it began to implement the reverse repurchase business operations frequently and extensively. Its currency delivery efforts was irregular or be twice a week, and turns out to be used every day. The reverse repurchase transactions limit to 7 days, 14 days or 28 days mainly; otherwise, it can be used alone or flexible operations.
This paper is based on the period of PBOC’s more frequently use with the repurchase transactions to explore the price or the quantity which PBOC uses other international benchmark interest rate, like LIBOR, to release SHIBOR to know whether it produces liquidity effects. The empirical results show that the most liquid effect on China’s open market operations is weekly data better than daily or monthly one. In my opinion, PBOC views the repurchase transactions as an important tool for open market operations since 2012, and operates repurchase transaction on every Tuesday and Thursdays only till mid-Feb, 2016. To estimate in the liquidity adjustment, weekly data as a unit fits approximately. To sum up, the weekly data of the price or the quantity generates a more significant effect on money market benchmark interest rate.
Books on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Federal Reserve Bank of New York, ed. Open market operations. 5th ed. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1985.
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Akhtar, M. A. Understanding open market operations. Public Information Dept., Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 1997.
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Tew, Brian. Federal reserve open market operations. Loughborough University Banking Centre, 1985.
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Aspetsberger, A. Open market operations in EU countries. European Monetary Institute, 1996.
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Amoako-Tuffour, Joe. Money market growth and open market operations in Ghana. Center for Policy Analysis, 1995.
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Thornton, Daniel L. Open market operations and the federal funds rate. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2005.
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Dasri, Tumnong. Open market operations: Its nature and extent in the SEACEN countries. South East Asian Central Banks, Research and Training Centre, 1991.
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International Monetary Fund. Transformations to Open Market Operations: Developing Countries and Emerging Markets. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781557756275.051.
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Harvey, Campbell R. The impact of the Federal Reserve Bank's open market operations. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.
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Demiralp, Selva. Declining required reserves, funds rate volatility, and open market operations. Federal Reserve Board, 2003.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Axilrod, Stephen H., and Henry C. Wallich. "Open-market Operations." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1301-1.
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Axilrod, Stephen H., and Henry C. Wallich. "Open-market Operations." In Money. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19804-7_34.
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Axilrod, Stephen H., and Henry C. Wallich. "Open-market Operations." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1301.
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Yuge, Jia. "Open Market Operations." In Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Economics. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4036-9_943.
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Zhao, Sujuan, and Yishuang Liu. "The Test of Timeliness on China’s Central Bank Open Market Operations." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23020-2_42.
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Zappa, Achille, Chi-Hung Le, Martín Serrano, and Edward Curry. "Connecting Data Spaces and Data Marketplaces and the Progress Toward the European Single Digital Market with Open-Source Software." In Data Spaces. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98636-0_7.
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AbstractIn this book chapter, recent advances in the development and implementation of open-source software technologies and information management systems to support the progression of the data economy by means of data operations and data offering descriptions are introduced. The management of controlled registries, mapping of information using metadata aggregation, interfaces among components, links of data and actors, discovery and retrieval of data, compiling smart contracts, and other core operations are introduced. This chapter contributes to the state of the art by providing the definition, creation, and collection of data-driven marketplaces that, by design, look at sharing and exchanging data using a common description framework called i3-MARKET. i3-MARKET’s main design objectives are to support the sharing data assets, execute operations, and provide API services and generally all the security-related functionalities relying on data details, credentials, contracts, and pricing. i3-MARKET also uses a sharing semantic model to facilitate the work with people in improving and maintaining the models for the present and future. The i3-MARKET described in the chapter introduces the concept of a backplane architecture as a support tool that aims to innovate the data market industry providing solutions and support in developing building blocks to overcome the barriers to interoperable and integrative data using trusted, federated, and decentralized software components.
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Franco-Sepulveda, G., G. P. Jaramillo, and J. C. Del Rio. "Use of Genetic Algorithms for Optimization of Open-Pit Mining Operations with Geological and Market Uncertainty." In Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2018. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99220-4_9.
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Heim, John J. "A Money Multiplier Approach to How Open Market Operations Stimulate Securities Markets and the Real Economy." In Why Fiscal Stimulus Programs Fail, Volume 1. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65675-1_6.
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Heim, John J. "A Simplified Balance Sheet View of How Open Market Operations to Stimulate the Economy, When Dominated by Primary Dealers, Actually Stimulate Securities Markets, not the Real Economy." In Why Fiscal Stimulus Programs Fail, Volume 1. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65675-1_5.
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Bindseil, Ulrich. "Open Market Operations." In Monetary Policy Implementation. Oxford University PressOxford, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199274543.003.0006.
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Abstract In reviewing the second of the three main instruments of monetary policy implementation, this chapter will proceed as follows. Section 5.1 summarizes views on when and how open market operations were discovered.
Conference papers on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Gunawan, Natasha Alexandra, and Wong Yew Chong Kester. "Analyzing the Open Electricity Market in Singapore using Data Science Approaches." In 11th Annual International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management. IEOM Society International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/an11.20211128.
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Su, Aizhou, Wenbin Bao, and Xilu Bao. "The impact of central bank's open-market operations to the return rate of stocks." In 2015 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2015.7170165.
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Baumgartner, Theresa, Marcus Ridgway, Cameron Bruce, et al. "Redefining Operations Reporting Codes to Support Digitalization of Well Operations." In IADC/SPE International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208711-ms.
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Abstract Under increasingly volatile market conditions, operators face pressure to increase performance and reduce costs through standardization of engineering, operations, services and equipment. To this effect, an operator has redefined the way it reports onsite operations through the development of a standardized set of reporting activity codes, designed as the backbone of a standardized and digital well design and execution process. The operator recognizes the value of industry wide standardization of fit-for-purpose operations codes and offers to donate the codes to the Open Subsurface Data Universe (OSDU) project. Reporting of well activities with free text descriptions and classifications in 15-minute intervals is a common practice in well operations. The reports have traditionally informed a variety of stakeholders on operations. With a rise of analytics tools and increasingly interconnected digital systems, operators now potentially have millions of hours of classified activity data at their fingertips, with an enormous potential to improve planning and predictability of new operations. With an increased use of data comes an awareness of poor data quality that eliminates performance gains from the data collection efforts. This work describes new concepts that helped to redefine the well activity reporting code set. An interdisciplinary team worked on defining a new operations code set for the requirements of digitized operations reporting and analysis as well as facilitating industry wide data exchange. The new codes were defined based on desired outcomes for data quality, performance analysis, automated key performance indicators (KPIs), insights from manual offset analysis, interdisciplinary interfaces and integrations with a digital well design process. In addition to breakdown of time spent on specific operations, the concepts focus on measuring performance of planned activities only. Thousands of combinations of these codes were redefined drawing on historic examples and engineering expertise from a set of activities across all types of well operations. The effort yielded significant improvements in data quality during reporting through simplification of the coding system and assigning codes to operations in the planning stages of the well construction process to enable the rig team to report actual operations against the plan. Good data quality and well-defined codes in turn enabled calculating KPIs automatically from the data. The standardized operations code set presents a novel way of defining operations codes for requirements beyond reporting, but with digitalization, automation and well design in mind. In addition, the operator offers to donate the set to the industry to lay the foundation for an open-source environment that enables digital technologies to flourish. A copy of the full code set is attached to the publication of this paper.
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Narayanan, Anantha, Alec Kanyuck, Satyandra K. Gupta, and Sudarsan Rachuri. "Machine Condition Detection for Milling Operations Using Low Cost Ambient Sensors." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8666.
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In recent years, sensor technology and data mining capabilities have advanced greatly, allowing advanced manufacturing enterprises to closely monitor their manufacturing operations. At the same time, a thriving market has developed for low cost consumer level sensors and processors. A proliferation of low cost sensing hardware, combined with the availability of free and open source software for performing data analytics, provides a new opportunity for smaller manufacturers. Yet, these tools have not been investigated deeply in the manufacturing world. In this work, we use a combination of low cost sensing hardware and free and open source software to monitor a milling machine operation. We demonstrate that the data collected from these sensors can be used to reliably determine the operating condition of the machine. These techniques will be very valuable for small manufacturers, to determine key factors such as machine utilization, or to detect catastrophic failures early during machining.
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Basaka, Hussaini Aminu, and Aminu Uba Ringim. "Obvious and Salient Incentives and Opportunities for Deepening Midstream and Downstream Operations in Nigeria." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221679-ms.
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Abstract The comparative advantage of abundant hydrocarbon resources enjoyed by Nigeria for economic development and as mainstay of government revenue has gradually eroded as the incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) continues to increase as the cost of extracting, transporting, and processing of petroleum liquids and natural gas to refined products for storage, domestic supply to local market and export has dwarfed revenues from operations. Incentives, exemptions from certain taxes, provisions for unbundling of business opportunities and activities from expansive implementation approach of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) 2021 has provided the required pivot for catalyzing growth. The onset of global mandates for curtailing growth of the fossil industry, changing dynamics of the fuels, petrochemicals, and commodities market, and efficiency gains from smart operating models must and are being harnessed to drive growth, and position Nigeria to embrace the midstream and downstream sector as the fulcrum for economic development. The outcome of these promptings in conjunction with the NMDPRA's regulatory support will engender transparency and accountability, create new markets for petroleum, realize cash flows from new business portfolios, sustain government revenues, and open doors for new investments.
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Emelander, T. "Open Hole Whipstock Technology Combines Cement Abandonment and Kick-Off in Single Trip." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214860-ms.
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Abstract In every basin around the world, planned or contingency open hole sidetrack operations are commonplace in drilling operations. In the recent year, there has been an evolution of the open hole whipstock systems to reduce sidetrack time/cost associated with kicking off from cement plugs. The most recent advancement for these systems combines kick-off operations in the same trip as setting whipstock and cementing the open hole below. The whipstock systems that came to market in the recent unconventional shale era provided the industry a much-needed low risk/efficient option in wells where cement abandonment was required or desired, but kick-off from the whipstock was completed on the following trip. The most recent advancement in open hole whipstock technology utilizes the same concave, anchors, and abandonment methods but is deployed on a cutting structure rather than a running tool. The added ability to kick off in the same trip now further reduces sidetrack times when compared to cement plug or conventional whipstock kick-off operations. This new open hole system has been installed in 18 wells in the United States (US), three different hole sizes, with 10 of these applications including cement operations to abandon and isolate the open hole below the whipstock. The original version of this technology was run on a crushed/insert carbide milling bottomhole assembly (BHA). The most recent cutting structure has been changed to polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters to decrease average kick-off times by around 50% and reduce the risk of a second trip in hard/abrasive formations. Two recent installs, including cement abandonment and PDC technology, highlight the success and benefits of this system. The first install was required because a radioactive source was left in the hole and the required deflection device (whipstock) could be used to sidetrack/continue well construction while pumping the required red cement and kicking off efficiently in one trip. Total well possession time for the operation including the wellbore preparation run was 64.5 hours. The second install was a planned pilot hole application with the kick-off being in the hard/abrasive shale. The local regulatory agency required the cement abandonment of lower exposed zones. Total well possession time for the operation including two wellbore preparation runs was 102 hours. This paper shows that advancements in open hole whipstocks provide the industry with a reliable/efficient option for planned or contingency sidetracks. This sidetracking solution can be used in various applications worldwide to lower total time spent on the well construction process.
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Mondok, Anita. "Digital Transformation in the Hotel Industry: A Study of Four-Star Hotels in Szeged." In 9th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.5.2025.22.
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With the evolution of technology, the landscape of hotel management is set to undergo a remarkable transformation, reshaping operations and enhancing guest experiences like never before. This study investigates the pervasive impact of technology on hotel management and customer experience. The main goal is to explore the various ways digital innovations are revolutionizing guest services and enhancing operational efficiencies in the hotel industry responding to the highly volatile external environment. The secondary research part relied on literature review, predominantly sourced from electronic publications, press releases, and systematic website content evaluation. The market phenomena were examined through interviews with hotel managers of four-star hotels in Szeged. The findings indicate that enterprises in the centre of Southern Great Plain region (Hungary) have adopted IT-based solutions to enhance market efficiency to differing extents. The study identifies improvements in operational efficiency driven by IT-based solutions; however, guest-facing digital innovations remain limited. The study examined 11 units with official rating, enabling the results to be contextualised inside a specific market, while underscoring those trends identified internationally in small open economies are swiftly manifesting locally. The innovation of the research is in its market adaption and serves as a benchmark resource for hotel decision makers.
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Mohsenian, Hamed, Hossein Ghadamian, Ali Asghar Hamidi, and Karim Alizad. "Expansion Tank Structural Reconstruction for Central Heating Systems With Re-Engineering Consideration and Energetic Losses Minimization." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49702.
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Open expansion tanks are applied vastly in central heating and air-conditioning systems. Central heating systems are subjected to great deals of energy losses, owing to the lack of proper design. In this paper, the structure of Open Expansion Tanks is revised and some modifications for reducing energy and heat loss are made to their elements. Moreover, some common designs available in the market are studied in order to better recognize their defects and capabilities. To reach an efficient design, several scenarios are tested using Computational methods (CFD based). In order to validate the new design, an experimental model was created and heat and energy survey operations were performed. The results of energy auditing were analyzed to show the convergence of numerical and experimental models. Additionally, the proposed model was economically evaluated. The final presented model named “Optimized OET with twin containers” is capable of reducing the energy loss by 85 to 95 percent.
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de Winter, J. "How USVs can Change the Offshore Inspection Market Through Novel Operating Models." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/35258-ms.
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Executive Summary Uncrewed Surface vessels (USV) are becoming a widely accepted platform in the offshore industry for targeted, single-purpose applications, such as bathymetry or metocean data collection. Recently, multipurpose USVs have been introduced, effectively combining multiple data collection activities, such as seabed bathymetry along with the autonomous deployment of onboard remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) for subsea asset inspection. This new type of multipurpose USV offers significant operational benefits and facilitates different collaboration between asset owners and inspection service providers. This paper describes the societal and financial benefits of a new operational model where resident, multipurpose inspection USVs are deployed on continuous asset inspection tasks instead of the traditional project-based method using conventional inspection vessels. The USV solution presents numerous benefits. First, it contributes to the decarbonization of survey operations as they emit an order of magnitude less CO2 compared to conventional inspection vessels. Second, it reduces safety and environmental risk exposure by removing people from the offshore environment as well as reducing footprint, fuel load, and waste associated with a traditional inspection vessel. Third, USVs open the offshore industry to new groups of employees by allowing people who historically have not been able to live the offshore lifestyle to join through remote operation centers (ROCs). This has the potential to reduce the expected shortage of offshore personnel in the next decade. Not to be overlooked is a fourth benefit, validated in this paper: a reduced cost per unit of data collected. In other words, USVs make it possible to collect more data per dollar spent. Compared to traditional crewed vessels, USVs can potentially collect between 14% and 38% more data because of reduced mobilization time, depending on the duration of the project. To achieve this financial benefit, a novel operating model of USVs needs to be developed. Generally, the mobilization of conventional vessels has a significant impact on project costs, whereas USVs, operated remotely from one central location, have the potential to be resident in strategic locations and sail out when required to survey locations within the reach of one single voyage. The new proposed model requires asset owners and inspection service providers to work together to optimize its benefits and facilitate its implementation. When committing to a resident USV, asset owners have the option to inspect and recalibrate their lifetime extension model continuously instead of once every number of years. At the same time, service providers have the option to reduce mobilization costs to a minimum by locating USVs in resident locations. More data at higher frequencies is proven to improve the condition assessment, the basis of asset life extension programs. Therefore, having USVs in strategic resident locations, within reach of critical assets, can be a cost-effective method to increasing the data inspection frequency and therefore reducing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE).
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Sabirli, Vafa. "Factors Barring the Internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c14.02711.
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The internationalization of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) has been growing worldwide over the past decade. For the internationalization of SMEs, a suitable function must be found to manage and control export operations. Undoubtedly, the initial goals of the SME management teams are that the capabilities of the management team and the characteristics of the company level are sufficient for internationalization to ensure the growth and profitability of the company. Looking at small and medium-sized enterprises, it is clear that some are looking for opportunities to expand in the international arena, while others are not. As a result of the theoretical researches, it has been seen that SMEs generally open up to international markets in order to increase their market share, increase their profitability and gain new customers. Lack of working capital, lack of information, lack of qualified personnel are among the main obstacles.
Reports on the topic "OMO (open market operations)"
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Thornton, Daniel L. Open Market Operations and the Federal Funds Rate. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.2005.063.
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Thornton, Daniel L. The Fed and Short-Term Rates: Is It Open Market Operations, Open Mouth Operations or Interest Rate Smoothing? Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.1999.022.
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Harvey, Campbell, and Roger Huang. The Impact of the Federal Reserve Bank's Open Market Operations. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4663.
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Becker, Chris, Anny Francis, Calebe de Roure, and Brendan Wilson. Demand in the Repo Market: Indirect Perspectives from Open Market Operations from 2006 to 2020. Reserve Bank of Australia, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rdp2024-03.
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In Australia repurchase (repo) obligations are traded bilaterally 'over-the-counter' between parties, rather than on an exchange. As a result, it is difficult to obtain quotes of executable prices, trading volumes, and related data that are representative of the market. Market conditions are therefore not easy to assess and often dependent on anecdotal evidence. Over the years, the Reserve Bank of Australia has published data and analysis of the repo market by providing indirect perspectives using data from its own open market operations that are conducted using repos. This paper contributes to this work. The Reserve Bank conducts open market operations to manage liquidity in the interbank market, provide settlement balances for the smooth functioning of the payments system, and for the implementation of monetary policy. Repos are an integral part of these operations. The eligible private sector counterparties in these auctions have a variety of reasons for participating. We arrange their bids in an ascending order in a number of distinct phases so that they can be used to make inferences about the demand for repo and hence market operations. Several insights allow us to better understand the dynamics underpinning the repo market. The findings mainly relate to the period prior to the implementation of unconventional monetary policies in March 2020.
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Eggertsson, Gauti, and Kevin Proulx. Bernanke's No-arbitrage Argument Revisited: Can Open Market Operations in Real Assets Eliminate the Liquidity Trap? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22243.
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Toporowski, Jan. Monetary Policy and Illiquidity. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp218.
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The discussion of financial stability, and the role of monetary policy, is incoherent because there is very little agreement on what constitutes financial stability (and, by implication, instability) - exchange rate stability, asset price stability, absence of debt default. By implication, there is a gap between the claims of various authors to the general applicability of their respective analyses, and the actual applicability of their conclusions, let alone the usefulness of some of their policy recommendations. The paper argues that the key issue is the regulation of the liquidity of all financial markets, and not just that of the banking system, through the markets for government securities. The paper examines the sources of this liquidity in the financial portfolios of the private sector, and how that liquidity may be managed through the open market operations of central banks and the debt management operations of governments. An implication of this approach is yield curve control and the use of (government) debt management to control the liquidity of the markets. These elements of monetary policy have been neglected in theory and policy since the 1950s.
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Carrasco, Alex, and David Florián Hoyle. External Shocks and FX Intervention Policy in Emerging Economies. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003457.
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This paper discusses the role of sterilized foreign exchange (FX) interventions as a monetary policy instrument for emerging market economies in response to external shocks. We develop a model for a commodity-exporting small open economy in which FX intervention is considered as a balance sheet policy induced by a financial friction in the form of an agency problem between banks and their creditors. The severity of banks agency problem depends directly on a bank-level measure of currency mismatch. Endogenous deviations from the standard UIP condition arise at equilibrium. In this context, FX interventions moderate the response of financial and macroeconomic variables to external shocks by leaning against the wind with respect to real exchange rate pressures. Our quantitative results indicate that, conditional on external shocks, the FX intervention policy successfully reduces credit, investment, and output volatility, along with substantial welfare gains when compared to a free-floating exchange rate regime. Finally, we explore distinct generalizations of the model that eliminate the presence of endogenous UIP deviations. In those cases, FX intervention operations are considerably less effective for the aggregate equilibrium.
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Payment Systems Report - June of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2020.
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With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor