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Journal articles on the topic 'Oncorhynchus kisutch'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Hatai, Kishio, and Gen-Ichi Hoshiai. "Saprolengniasis in Cultured Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Fish Pathology 27, no. 4 (1992): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.27.233.

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2

Plisetskaya, E., H. G. Pollock, J. B. Rouse, J. W. Hamilton, J. R. Kimmel, and A. Gorbman. "Characterization of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) insulin." Regulatory Peptides 11, no. 2 (June 1985): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-0115(85)90071-0.

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3

Kabata, Z., D. J. Whitaker, and J. W. Bagshaw. "Kudoa thyrsitis (Gilchrist) (Myxosporea: Multivalvulida) in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 1038–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-155.

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An unusual case of infection of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), in British Columbia, Canada, with a myxosporean Kudoa thyrsitis (Gilchrist) is described. This first report of Kudoa parasitizing a member of the genus Oncorhynchus is interesting also because of the unusual site of Kudoa in the fish, the cardiac muscle.
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4

White, M. R. "Primitive Neuroectodermal Neoplasia in Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Veterinary Pathology 41, no. 1 (January 2004): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1354/vp.41-1-72.

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5

Benfey, T. J., H. M. Dye, and E. M. Donaldson. "Induced vitellogenesis in triploid coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Aquaculture 85, no. 1-4 (March 1990): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90032-i.

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6

Plisetskaya, E. M., H. G. Pollock, J. B. Rouse, J. W. Hamilton, J. R. Kimmel, P. C. Andrews, and A. Gorbman. "Characterization of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) islet somatostatins." General and Comparative Endocrinology 63, no. 2 (August 1986): 252–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(86)90163-2.

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7

Jackson, Leland J., Stephen R. Carpenter, Jon Manchester-Neesvig, and Craig A. Stow. "PCB Congeners in Lake Michigan Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Salmon." Environmental Science & Technology 35, no. 5 (March 2001): 856–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es001558+.

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8

Renfree, Josiah S., Sean A. Hayes, and David A. Demer. "Sound-scattering spectra of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), coho (O. kisutch), and Chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmonids." ICES Journal of Marine Science 66, no. 6 (April 9, 2009): 1091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp069.

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Abstract Renfree, J. S., Hayes, S. A., and Demer, D. A. 2009. Sound-scattering spectra of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), coho (O. kisutch), and Chinook (O. tshawytscha) salmonids. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 1091–1099. A recently developed method for measuring total target strength (TTS) allows calculation of the absolute scattered energy from fish over a broad-bandwidth signal. This technique uses the ratio of coherent and incoherent sound fields reflected off fish swimming in tanks. In stark contrast to other acoustic methods, this technique works best in reverberant conditions, is self-calibrating, and conveniently provides measurements of sound-scattering spectra for possible target identification. It has been used to successfully characterize the scattering spectra of marine life such as anchovy, sardine, and krill. In this experiment, the broad-bandwidth scattering spectra are characterized for the salmonids steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The TTS measurements demonstrate that the scattering spectra for these species are similar, yet discernible. These unique scattering spectra may provide means for acoustically identifying and enumerating such targets in rivers or streams. Having effective acoustic methods for assessing salmon abundance could become a major addition to currently available measurement tools and provide a new, low-impact assessment technique for both commercial and endangered populations.
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9

Luzzana, Umberto, Ronald W. Hardy, and John E. Halver. "Dietary arginine requirement of fingerling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Aquaculture 163, no. 1-2 (April 1998): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0044-8486(98)00228-2.

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10

Berghe, Eric P. van Den, and Mart R. Gross. "Length of breeding life of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 1482–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-221.

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Since Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) die on the breeding grounds after spawning, duration of individual life may affect survival of deposited eggs. In addition, breeding life of both sexes has implications for estimates of size of spawning populations. We therefore examined the contributions of body size, population density, water level, season, and year to length of breeding life in individual coho salmon (O. kisutch). Age 3 breeding males and females lived an average of 9 days (range, 2–30 days), and 2-year-old "jack" males averaged 8 days (range, 2–21 days). Sixteen percent of the variance among age 3 males and 44% of the variance among females could be explained by the variables examined. Density of adults made a significant negative contribution to life-span, while water level, season, and year were insignificant. Body size was the most important variable in explaining breeding life-span, being positively related and accounting for 10% and 36% of the variance in 3-year-old males and females, respectively. In contrast, none of these variables explained the observed variation in jack male breeding life. The differences between the sexes and between 2- and 3-year-old males are consistent with levels of competition on the breeding grounds. We show that the results on individual body size and breeding life span can be used to offset biases in population estimates.
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11

Emlen, J. M., R. R. Reisenbichler, A. M. McGie, and T. E. Nickelson. "Density-Dependence at Sea for Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 9 (September 1, 1990): 1765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-200.

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The success of expanded salmon hatchery programs will depend strongly on the degree of density-induced diminishing returns per smolt released. Several authors have addressed the question of density-dependent mortality at sea in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), but have come to conflicting conclusions. We believe there are compelling reasons to reinvestigate the data, and have done so for public hatchery fish, using a variety of approaches. The results provide evidence that survival of these public hatchery fish is negatively affected, directly by the number of public hatchery smolts and indirectly by the number of private hatchery smolts. These results are weak, statistically, and should be considered primarily as a caution to those who, on the basis of other published work, believe that density-dependence does not exist. The results reported here also re-emphasize the often overlooked point that inferences drawn from data are strongly biased by investigators' views of how the systems of interest work and by the statistical assumptions they make preparatory to the analysis of those data.
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12

McClelland, E. K., and K. A. Naish. "A genetic linkage map for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Animal Genetics 39, no. 2 (April 2008): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2008.01699.x.

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13

Smith, Christian T., R. John Nelson, Chris C. Wood, and Ben F. Koop. "Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Molecular Ecology 10, no. 12 (December 2001): 2775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.t01-1-01405.x.

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14

Schreck, Carl B., Mario F. Solazzi, Steven L. Johnson, and Thomas E. Nickelson. "Transportation stress affects performance of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Aquaculture 82, no. 1-4 (November 1989): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90391-8.

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15

Martínez, D., O. De Lázaro, P. Cortés, R. Oyarzún-Salazar, K. Paschke, and L. Vargas-Chacoff. "Hypoxia modulates the transcriptional immunological response in Oncorhynchus kisutch." Fish & Shellfish Immunology 106 (November 2020): 1042–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.025.

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16

Rehnberg, B. G., L. Curtis, and C. B. Schreck. "Homing of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) exposed to morpholine." Aquaculture 44, no. 3 (March 1985): 253–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(85)90250-9.

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17

Muzzall, Patrick M. "Endohelminths of salmonids from two localities in eastern Lake Michigan, with emphasis on Echinorhynchus salmonis." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): 1604–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-227.

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Adult salmonids (101 chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; 7 coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch; 56 lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush; 6 steelhead, Salmo gairdneri; and 2 brown trout, Salmo trutta) were collected from eastern Lake Michigan (Ludington and Manistee, Michigan) in July–September 1986, and examined for helminths. Eight species (three Cestoda, three Nematoda, two Acanthocephala) were found in the digestive tract and other viscera. Echinorhynchus salmonis and Eubothrium salvelini were the most common helminths found. The intensity of E. salmonis significantly increased as chinook salmon became older and longer.
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18

Hargreaves, N. Brent, and Robin J. LeBrasseur. "Size Selectivity of Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Preying on Juvenile Chum Salmon (O. keta)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-069.

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Predation may be a major source of size-dependent mortality of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) during early sea life. Our experiments conducted in large saltwater enclosures demonstrated that coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) are size selective when preying on juvenile chum (O. keta) salmon. Yearling coho (112–130 mm fork length) consumed significantly more smaller chum over a range in prey size of 43–63 mm fork length. We hypothesize that the intensity of size selectivity by coho and other predators is variable, depending on the relative sizes of the predators and prey.
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19

ATSUTA, Shizuo, Kazuhiro KOBAYASHI, Masahiro SAKAI, and Masanori KOBAYASHI. "Lipoid degeneration of liver in cultured coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Fish Pathology 23, no. 3 (1988): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.23.205.

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20

HARADA, Takahiko, Yutaka HAYAKAWA, Kishio HATAI, Saburoh S. KUBOTA, Toshio BUNYA, Gen-ichi HOSHIAI, and Shinsuke SAWA. "A disease found in sea-cultured coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Fish Pathology 23, no. 4 (1988): 271–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.23.271.

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21

Kent, M. L., M. D. Powell, D. Kieser, G. E. Hoskins, D. J. Speare, J. F. Burka, J. Bagshaw, and J. W. Fournie. "Unusual eosinophilic granule cell proliferation in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Journal of Comparative Pathology 109, no. 2 (August 1993): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80257-5.

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22

Quinn, Thomas P., and Craig A. Busack. "Chemosensory recognition of siblings in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Animal Behaviour 33, no. 1 (February 1985): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(85)80119-6.

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23

Roldán, Brian Effer, Rubén Sánchez Rueda, Andrea Ubilla Madrid, Elías Figueroa Villalobos, and Iván Valdebenito Isler. "Study of the first blastomeres in Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Zygote 21, no. 2 (July 11, 2012): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199412000202.

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SummaryThere is a lack of information on the morphology of the first blastomeres that could be used as a diagnostic tool for the first stages of embryonic development for Coho salmon. The purpose of this investigation, therefore, was to characterize morphometrically the first blastomeres of Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). In total, 660 embryonic discs from a pool of eggs that had been fertilized and incubated at 5°C and after 19 h of incubation were extracted and photographed. Of these, 20 microphotographs of blastodiscs of normal appearance were analyzed morphologically (control blastodiscs: CB) and 100 random microphotographs from the whole group were classified as either symmetrical or asymmetrical according to their morphology and then compared with the CB. The length and width of each blastomere and the proportions of length and width were measured to determine symmetry in the embryos at the 4-cell stage. Seven categories were created to characterize the blastomeres: 38% normal (G1); 26% unequal (G2); 10% ‘pie-shaped’ (G3); 10% amorphous (G4); 8% with three equal and one unequal blastomere (G5); 6% ‘clover-shaped’ blastomeres (G7), and 3% with inclusions. The mean of the proportions of lengths and widths of the groups of blastomeres that were measured was 0.87 ± 0.08 and 0.85 ± 0.07, respectively. The morphometric results that were obtained in this investigation are compared with the results observed by other authors for teleostei and are discussed.
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24

Madenjian, Charles P., Candy S. Schrank, Linda J. Begnoche, Robert F. Elliott, and Richard T. Quintal. "Sexual difference in PCB concentrations of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Science of The Total Environment 408, no. 7 (March 2010): 1719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.12.023.

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25

Damsgird, Børge, and Lawrence M. Dill. "Risk-taking behavior in weight-compensating coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Behavioral Ecology 9, no. 1 (1998): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/9.1.26.

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26

Shea, Katriona, and Marc Mangel. "Detection of population trends in threatened coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 58, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 375–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f00-254.

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Populations of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in California are listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Such listings refer to adult populations, but often, juvenile life history stages are censused, so it is important to understand what affects the relationship between true adult and observed juvenile numbers. We present models to address how observational uncertainty, census length, and autocorrelation in vital rates affect our ability to observe trends. We ask two questions about our ability to detect declines in one life history stage from censuses of another. First, given an observed decline in parr numbers, what is the chance that this reflects a decline in adults? Second, given that adult numbers are declining, what is the chance that we see that decline in parr? Our results indicate that statistical power decreases with increasing observational uncertainty and decreasing census lengths and demonstrate how these two parameters interact. Power increases as the level of autocorrelation in mortality rates increases. Management recommendations include obtaining more accurate estimates of autocorrelation in mortality and of observational uncertainty.
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27

Paszkowski, Cynthia A., and Bori L. Olla. "Social interactions of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts in seawater." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 2401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-355.

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The behavior of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts was examined under laboratory conditions to determine if the hierarchical–territorial social system characteristic of this species in freshwater persisted in seawater. When held in groups of two to eight fish, hatchery-reared, accelerated underyearling smolts formed hierarchies controlled by a single dominant who was responsible for most of the observed movement, chases, and feeding. Agonistic behavior also occurred within pairs of recently smolted fingerlings from two hatchery stocks with different rearing histories and in groups containing free-ranging fish captured off the Oregon coast. Possible relationships between the observed social behavior and marine distribution patterns of juvenile coho salmon are discussed.
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28

Holtby, L. B., and M. C. Healey. "Selection for Adult Size in Female Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 43, no. 10 (October 1, 1986): 1946–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f86-240.

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Several recent studies have presented evidence that large size confers a selective advantage to female Pacific salmon. Nevertheless, a wide range of female sizes is normally present in any spawning population. Two possible explanations exist for the observed range in female size. First, average female size might be determined by an optimizing process with variation around the optimum size due to individual differences in success at obtaining food. Second, various sizes of females might coexist as a mixed evolutionary stable strategy. Under the first explanation, females of sizes other than the optimum would display lower fitness whereas, under the second explanation, females of all sizes would be equally fit. We investigated factors affecting survival of eggs, fry, and smolts of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Carnation Creek on Vancouver Island with a view to determining the relative fitness of different sized females. Egg-to-fry mortality was best explained by a model that included only the effects of stream bed scour and gravel quality. Including an effect of female size, expressed through depth of egg burying, worsened the model's predictive capability. We could find no evidence that the eggs of large females consistently survived better during incubation than those of small females. In fact, we observed three instances in which it appeared that the eggs of small females survived better. In Carnation Creek, large 1- and 2-yr-old smolts did not consistently survive better in the marine environment than small smolts. Thus, we were unable to demonstrate that the reproductive success of large females was consistently higher than that of small females, contrary to the hypothesis that female size is the result of an optimizing process. In Carnation Creek the observed range of female sizes probably represents an evolutionary stable strategy in which all sizes have equal fitness. We propose a model that predicts female size and variance in size based on the conflicting selective effects of gravel quality, scour, and competition for nest sites.
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29

Cederholm, C. J., D. B. Houston, D. L. Cole, and W. J. Scarlett. "Fate of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Carcasses in Spawning Streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 1347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-173.

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We examined the levels of retention and utilization of 945 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) carcasses released experimentally into seven spawning streams on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington. Most carcasses were retained in the streams and in adjacent forests, few were flushed beyond 600 m. Organic debris caught and held many carcasses. Much of the fish mass was consumed by 22 species of mammals and birds. The distances that carcasses drifted appeared to be related directly to the occurrence of freshets and inversely to debris load and carnivore scavenging. The capacity of many streams and rivers to retain carcasses has probably been reduced by human activities. The importance of coho carcasses to populations of carnivores and to the dynamics of lotic food webs merits additional study.
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30

Servizi, James A., and Dennis W. Martens. "Sublethal Responses of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to Suspended Sediments." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 1389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-154.

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Underyearling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Fraser River suspended sediments (SS) in the laboratory. Comparisons with other rivers indicated that Fraser River sediments caused the lowest turbidity for a given SS value. Blood sugar levels (y) were elevated and directly proportional to SS exposure (x) according to y = 5.79 + 4.23(x). Published blood sugar data for adult sockeye salmon (O. nerka) exposed to Fraser River SS were in agreement with the linear relationship for underyearling coho. Cough frequency was elevated approximately eightfold over control levels at 0.24 g SS∙L−1. No increase in cough frequency was observed at 0.02 g SS∙L−1. Avoidance was defined by movement to the surface to escape higher SS at depth. Mean avoidance (y) was related to SS by y = 0.077 + 4.457(x) − 1.547(x2) + 0.202(x3). Mean avoidance was less than 5% up to the inflection point at 2.55 g SS∙L−1 but rose to approximately 25% at 7.0 g SS∙L−1. Laboratory results indicated that sublethal responses could be expected at naturally occurring SS levels in the Fraser River.
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31

Eales, J. G., R. Devlin, D. A. Higgs, J. M. McLeese, J. D. Oakes, and J. Plohman. "Thyroid function in growth-hormone-transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-099.

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We measured growth rate, plasma thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations, and liver and whole-brain T4 and T3 deiodination activities in yearling non-transgenic coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum, 1792), fed a satiation ration (NTS) and in growth-hormone (GH)-transgenic salmon fed for 63 d with either a satiation ration (TS) or pair-fed the satiation ration consumed by NTS fish (TNT). Daily feed intake and specific growth rate for TS fish were significantly enhanced and approximately double those for TNT and NTS fish. There were no differences among groups in plasma T4 concentration or liver T4 outer-ring deiodination activity, but for both TS and TNT fish, plasma T3 concentrations were higher and liver T4 and T3 inner-ring deiodination activities were lower than for NTS fish. Whole-brain deiodination activities did not differ between TS and NTS fish. We conclude that the elevated plasma T3 concentrations of GH-transgenic salmon neither are driven by elevated plasma T4 concentrations nor are they the result of increased hepatic conversion of T4 to T3 by outer-ring deiodination. Instead they can be explained, at least in part, by reduced hepatic degradation of T3 to 3,3'-diiodothyronine by inner-ring deiodination. These changes in T4 and T3 metabolism are tightly linked to the GH-transgenic state and not to food intake or growth rate.
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32

Garcés, LH, JJ Larenas, PA Smith, S. Sandino, CN Lannan, and JL Fryer. "hfectivity of a rickettsia isolated from coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 11 (1991): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao011093.

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33

Weiland, KA, and TR Meyers. "Histopathology of Diphyllobothrium ditremum plerocercoids in coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch." Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 6 (1989): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao006175.

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34

Young, Graham. "Multihormonal control of the interrenal of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Aquaculture 82, no. 1-4 (November 1989): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90433-x.

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35

Hedrick, R. P., T. McDowell, and J. M. Groff. "Virus-like particles in erythrocytes of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Aquaculture 89, no. 3-4 (September 1990): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(90)90140-i.

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36

Smith, Blake E., Ronald W. Hardy, and Ole J. Torrissen. "Synthetic astaxanthin deposition in pan-size coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Aquaculture 104, no. 1-2 (June 1992): 105–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90141-7.

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37

Sweeting, R. M., and B. A. McKeown. "Growth hormone and seawater adaptation in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 88, no. 1 (January 1987): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(87)90113-7.

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38

Du, Lian-cai, Hai-rui Yu, Ling-yao Li, Qin Zhang, Qi Tian, Jin-qian Liu, and Ling-ling Shan. "Dietary selenium requirement of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch W.) alevins." Aquaculture International 29, no. 5 (July 22, 2021): 2291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00749-8.

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39

Savitz, J., and L. Bardygula-Nonn. "Behavioral interactions between coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus shawytscha) and prey fish species." Ecology of Freshwater Fish 6, no. 4 (December 1997): 190–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.1997.tb00162.x.

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40

Bower, S. M. "Differences in acquired and innate resistance among Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) against the haemoflagellate Cryptobia salmositica and numbers delivered by the leech vector Piscicola salmositica." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, S1 (August 1, 1995): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-501.

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Susceptible juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were protected from otherwise lethal challenges with the haemoflagellate Cryptobia salmositica by acclimation to an elevated water temperature (20 °C). Following challenge at temperatures advantageous to the haemoflagellate (9–11 °C), surviving fish had plasma with enhanced acquired lytic activity against the parasite. In contrast, most coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) from a resistant stock survived up to three challenges with C. salmositica, without "immunization" at elevated temperatures. However, they acquired little or no lytic activity against the parasite, which survived in low numbers in some fish. Also, the chinook and coho salmon did not have innate plasma factors that lysed the parasite under in vitro conditions like those demonstrated in other salmonids. Thus, the mechanism(s) that protect the resistant O. kisutch from the pathogenic affects of C. salmositica are different from those identified in other fishes that are resistant to Cryptobia spp. A challenge of 105 flagellates per fish was suggested to be representative of the number of C. salmositica inoculated into a fish by one infected leech vector (Piscicola salmositica).
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41

Phillips, Ruth B., Kerry D. Zajicek, and Fred M. Utter. "Chromosome banding in salmonid fishes: nucleolar organizer regions in Oncorhynchus." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 4 (August 1, 1986): 502–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-074.

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Chromosome banding patterns obtained by silver staining and chromomycin a3 (CMA3) staining were analyzed in six species of Oncorhynchus: O. tshawytscha, O. kisutch, O. keta, O. nerka, and O. gorbuscha from North America and O. masou from Japan. Four different chromosomal locations of the nucleolor organizer regions (NORs) were found in different species. In O. tshawytscha, O. kisutch, and O. masou the NORs comprised the entire short arms of one medium-sized acrocentric chromosome pair. In O. nerka the NORs were found in an interstitial band on the short arms of one submetacentric chromosome pair and in O. gorbuscha proximal to the centromere on one metacentric chromosome pair. In O. keta the NORs were found on the telomeres of one small submetacentric chromosome pair. As in the related genera Salmo and Salvelinus chromomycin A3 positive bands were found at the same sites as the AgNORs in all species. Salmonid fish are assumed to be ancestral tetraploids and the considerable differences in chromosome number between different species are thought to be the result of chromosomal fusions after tetraploidization. In all members of the genus Oncorhynchus the rearrangements have resulted in the consolidation of the NORs on a single chromosome pair. The possible significance of intra- and inter-species NOR polymorphisms is discussed.Key words: nucleolar organizer regions, salmon, Oncorhynchus, chromosomes.
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42

Stow, C. A., L. J. Jackson, and J. F. Amrhein. "An examination of the PCB: lipid relationship among individual fish." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, no. 5 (May 1, 1997): 1031–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-014.

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We examined data from 1984 to 1994 for five species of Lake Michigan salmonids to explore the relationship between total PCB concentration and percent lipid. When we compared mean species lipid and PCB values, we found a strong linear correlation. When we compared values among individuals, we found modest positive PCB:lipid associations in brown trout (Salmo trutta), chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) collected during spawning, but positive associations were not apparent among nonspawning individuals. Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) exhibited no discernible PCB:lipid relationship. Our results are not incompatible with previous observations that contaminants are differentially partitioned into lipids within a fish, but these results do suggest that lipids are not a major factor influencing contaminant uptake.
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43

Mikhailova, M. V., N. F. Belyaeva, N. I. Kozlova, K. V. Zolotarev, A. N. Mikhailov, A. E. Berman, and A. I. Archakov. "Protective action of fish muscle extracts against cellular senescence induced by oxidative stress." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 63, no. 4 (2017): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20176304351.

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Muscle extracts of some fish species, i.e. pike (Esox lucius), sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus), pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and, to a lesser extent, perch (Perca fluviatilis) and Russian sturgeon, (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) prevent the development of premature senescence of the human embryonic fibroblasts induced by the sublethal concentration of H2O2. Muscle extracts of other fish species tested, i.e. coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and zander (Sander lucioperca), have not demonstrated this feature. Cell proliferation increased after the action of the senescence-inhibiting muscle extracts. Possible mechanisms of the action of nature biologically active compounds that interfere with the development of stress-induced cell senescence are discussed.
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44

Brown, Grant E., and Joseph A. Brown. "Do rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon discriminate kin?" Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 8 (August 1, 1992): 1636–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-227.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) can discriminate kin from non-kin, since other salmonid species (coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)) have been shown to possess this ability. When tested in water conditioned by conspecifics (kin and non-kin) and heterospecifics in a two-choice tank, both rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon demonstrated a significant preference for kin over non-kin and heterospecifics, indicating that these species possess kin-discrimination abilities. This ability appears to be widespread among salmonid fishes.
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45

Jeffrey, Kyla M., Isabelle M. Côté, James R. Irvine, and John D. Reynolds. "Changes in body size of Canadian Pacific salmon over six decades." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74, no. 2 (February 2017): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0600.

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Body size can sometimes change rapidly as an evolutionary response to selection or as a phenotypic response to changes in environmental conditions. Here, we revisit a classic case of rapid change in body size of five species of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) caught in Canadian waters, with a six-decade analysis (1951–2012). Declines in size at maturity of up to 3 kg in Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and 1 kg in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) during the 1950s and 1960s were later reversed to match or exceed earlier sizes. In contrast, there has been little change in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) sizes and initial declines in pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) sizes have halted. Biomass of competing salmon species contributed to changes in size of all five species, and ocean conditions, as reflected by the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation and the Multivariate ENSO (El Niño – Southern Oscillation) indices, explained variation in four of the species. While we have identified a role of climate and density dependence in driving salmon body size, any additional influence of fisheries remains unclear.
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46

Small, Susan A., and D. J. Randall. "Effects of Triploidy on the Swimming Performance of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 243–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-033.

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The swimming performance of triploid coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) was compared with diploid controls to assess the ability of these fish to survive if released into the wild. Triploid salmon had similar haematocrits to diploid salmon but they had lower total haemoglobin content in their blood. There was no difference in the maximum sustained swimming ability between triploid and diploid salmon.
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47

Bates, David J., Bruce A. Barrett, and Brian A. McKeown. "Daily variation in plasma growth hormone of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 1246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-177.

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Circulating levels of plasma growth hormone were measured in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) over a 24-h period. Growth hormone followed a circadian rhythm, peaking three times during 24 h. Peaks occurred at 10:00, 16:00, and 24:00, with the largest peak (24:00) representing a 575% increase in plasma growth hormone over a 2-h period (22:00–24:00).
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48

Anderson, Joseph H., Paul L. Faulds, Karl D. Burton, Michele E. Koehler, William I. Atlas, and Thomas P. Quinn. "Dispersal and productivity of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon colonizing newly accessible habitat." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, no. 3 (March 2015): 454–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0180.

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Following construction of a fish ladder at Landsburg Diversion Dam on the Cedar River, Washington, USA, in fall 2003, we used DNA-based parentage to identify second generation Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon as recruits that were produced above the dam or “strays” dispersing into the new habitat that were produced elsewhere. For both species, strays colonized immediately but decreased as a proportion of the total run over time. Chinook salmon strays were more numerous in years when the species was more abundant below the dam and included a much larger proportion of hatchery origin salmon than did coho salmon. Productivity, calculated as the ratio of female recruits sampled at the dam to female spawners, exceeded replacement in all four coho salmon cohorts but only two of five Chinook salmon cohorts, leading to more rapid population expansion of coho salmon. However, estimates of fishing mortality and recruitment into the Cedar River below the dam substantially increased Chinook salmon productivity estimates. Our results demonstrate that Pacific salmon are capable of rapidly recolonizing habitat made accessible by restoration and emphasize the importance of demographic exchange with preexisting populations during the transition from recolonization to self-sustainability.
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49

Thomas, Austen C., Benjamin W. Nelson, Monique M. Lance, Bruce E. Deagle, and Andrew W. Trites. "Harbour seals target juvenile salmon of conservation concern." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74, no. 6 (June 2017): 907–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0558.

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Knowing the species and life stages of prey that predators consume is important for understanding the impacts that predation may have on prey populations, but traditional methods for determining diets often cannot provide sufficient detail. We combined data from two methods of scat analysis (DNA metabarcoding and morphological prey ID) to quantify the species and life stages of salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) consumed by harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the Strait of Georgia, Canada, where juvenile Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon survival is poor. Harbour seals primarily consumed adult salmon of lesser conservation concern in the fall (August–November): chum (Oncorhynchus keta: 18.4%), pink (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha: 12.6%), sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka: 7.4%), Chinook (7.1%), and coho (1.8%). However, the opposite species trend occurred during the spring when seals preferred juvenile salmon of greater conservation concern (April–July): coho (2.9%), Chinook (2.9%), sockeye (2.5%), pink (1.4%), and chum (0.8%) — percentages that can equate to many individuals consumed. Our data suggest that harbour seals select juveniles of salmon species that out-migrate at ages >1 year and provide evidence of a potential causal relationship between harbour seal predation and juvenile salmon survival trends.
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50

Quinn, Thomas P., and Graeme M. Tolson. "Evidence of chemically mediated population recognition in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-013.

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To test the hypothesis that population-specific pheromones guide adult salmonids to their natal streams, juvenile and adult coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were tested for chemosensory responses in two-choice tanks. Coho salmon from Quinsam and Big Qualicum rivers, British Columbia, Canada, distinguished their own population from the other. Tagging evidence indicates that straying between these two rivers and a third, geographically intermediate river seldom occurs. Thus, population-specific chemicals constitute a potential source of information for homing coho salmon, though their role vis-à-vis imprinted odors from other sources could not be evaluated.
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