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1
Hauger, John. "Solar panel experiment." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/eesp/13/.
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Thesis (B.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009.<br>Project advisor: Ali Shaban. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Feb. 4, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.
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Hanna, Fadi, and Timothy Szackacs. "Solar panel production in Husby." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-199356.
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Yekan, Taha Shahvirdi Dizaj. "Transparent Solar Panel Antenna Array." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5035.
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This dissertation research presents a comprehensive study to answer the question of “Can it be possible to integrate a high gain optically transparent antenna array directly on top of solar cells?”. The answer to such question is extremely important in space exploration where very small satellites have been extensively employed. Due to their small mass and size, those small satellites create challenges for one to mount the antennas, and the challenge is further increased when a high gain antenna is need for more communication capacity. Based on feasibility studies, the dissertation concludes that it is possible to do such an integration, and then proceeds to present the approaches for design and integration. On the element level, the thesis presents research in assessing the effects between a planar antenna integrated on the solar cell and the photovoltaic cell. A series of experiments were designed to perform assessments for antennas operating from C to X bands. It is concluded that a commercial triple junction space–certified solar cell normally would decrease the gain of the antenna to 2–3 dB and is not affected by the working states of solar cells. The shadow of the antenna casts on solar cells, however, is not significant (less than 2%). The thesis also provides a model of a common space solar cell that helps to explain the gain loss. The model was validated by experimental data, and it was utilized to predict iv a possible custom design of solar cell where with a minimal design modification, it would facilitate less gain loss of the antenna integrated on top. On the array level, the research surveys different high gain antenna array design and then focus on an optimal sub–wavelength reflectarray design. The final antenna array design is a 30 cm by 20 cm, X band (8.475 GHz) reflectarray that shows 94% transparency, 24 dB gain, and higher than 40% aperture efficiency. The design is then prototyped and tested on actual solar panel. The measurement of the reflectarray placed on the solar panel showed a gain of 22.46 dB and an aperture efficiency of 29.3%. While those results are considered excellent, the thesis continues to address the reasons for reduction of the antenna’s performance due to the solar panel, through both theoretical analysis and experiments.
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Hamada, Ali, and Fredrik Larsson. "EastWest : Solar tracking photovoltaic panel." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264471.
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The purpose of this project was to investigate how efficient it is to implement steering of a solar panel, in one or two axes. To determine how efficient it is, special consideration was taken to the energy usage of the driving system. Practical applications have also been considered with pros and cons. To answer the research questions a prototype was built and a controlled environment for testing was arranged. Rotating the panel in one axis resulted in a 26% energy increase and for the two-axis system a 56% energy increase compared to stationary panel. The use of stepper motors turned out to be not as efficient as needed, due to continuous use of energy at all times during operation.<br>Syftet med detta projekt var att undersöka hur effektivt det är att implementera styrning av en solpanel i en eller två axlar. För att kunna avgöra nyttan så togs det hänsyn till drivsystemet och hur mycket energi det gick åt för styrningen. Även praktiska tillämpningar kontrollerades och vilka fördelar och nackdelar som skulle erhållas. För att svara på frågeställningarna, tillverkades en prototyp som testades i en kontrollerad miljö. Genom att rotera panelen runt en axel ökar energiupptaget 26 % och för det tvåaxliga systemet 56 % jämfört med en stationär panel. Användningen av stegmotorer visade sig inte vara speciellt effektiv då det krävdes kontinuerlig strömmatning för att erhålla det motormoment som krävdes för att hålla panelen på plats.
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Kamanzi, Janvier. "Thermal electric solar power conversion panel development." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2527.
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Thesis (DTech (Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.<br>The world has been experiencing energy-related problems following pressuring energy demands which go along with the global economy growth. These problems can be phrased in three paradoxical statements: Firstly, in spite of a massive and costless solar energy, global unprecedented energy crisis has prevailed, resulting in skyrocketing costs. Secondly, though the sun releases a clean energy, yet conventional plants are mainly being run on unclean energy sources despite their part in the climate changes and global warming. Thirdly, while a negligible percentage of the solar energy is used for power generation purposes, it is not optimally exploited since more than its half is wasted in the form of heat which contributes to lowering efficiency of solar cells and causes their premature degradation and anticipated ageing. The research is geared at addressing the issue related to unsatisfactory efficiencies and anticipated ageing of solar modules.
The methodology adopted to achieve the research aim consisted of a literature survey which in turn inspired the devising of a high-efficiency novel thermal electric solar power panel. Through an in-depth overview, the literature survey outlined the rationale of the research interest, factors affecting the performance of PVs as well as existing strategies towards addressing spotted shortcomings.
While photovoltaic (PV) panels could be identified as the most reliable platform for sunlight-to-electricity conversion, they exhibit a shortcoming in terms of following the sun so as to maximize exposure to sunlight which negatively affects PVs’ efficiencies in one hand. On the other hand, the inability of solar cells to reflect the unusable heat energy present in the sunlight poses as a lifespan threat. Strategies and techniques in place to track the sun and keep PVs in nominal operational temperatures were therefore reviewed.
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Rodzin, Maksym, Максим Олегович Родзін, Yaroslav Kharchenko, and Ярослав Геннадійович Харченко. "Efficient solar panel based on Arduino microcontroller." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50480.
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1. Vashchyshak I.R., Tsykh V.S.Improving the energy efficiency of a solar powerplant:Oilandgasenergy2020.№1(33).
URL: https://nge.nung.edu.ua/index.php/nge/article/download/514/503/1810
2. Polyak A.R., Reshetilo O.M. Software-hardware complex of solar panel angle control/LutskNationalTechnicalUniversity.URL:http://av.lntu.edu.ua/attachments/article/317/1_Poliak.pdf<br>Тhe work is devoted to ecology as an urgent problem for mankind nowadays. It depicts the effectiveness factor of the panels should be installed on special support that allows the elements to rotate after the sun.<br>Робота присвячена екології як актуальній проблемі людства в наш час. Визначено коефіцієнт ефективності панелей, які слід встановлювати на спеціальній опорі, що дозволяє елементам обертатися після сонячних променів.
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Mahmoud, Mahmoud N. "Integrated Solar Panel Antennas for Cube Satellites." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/742.
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This thesis work presents an innovative solution for small satellite antennas by integrating slot antennas and solar cells on the same panel to save small satellite surface real estate and to replace deployed wire antennas for certain operational frequencies. The two main advantages of the proposed antenna are: 1) the antenna does not require an expensive deployment mechanism that is required by dipole antennas; 2) the antenna does not occupy as much valuable surface real estate as patch antennas. The antenna design is based on using the spacing between the solar cells to etch slots in these spaces to create radiating elements.
The initial feasibility study shows it is realistic to design cavit-backed slot antennas directly on a solar panel of a cube satellite. Due to the volume of the satellite, it is convenient to design antennas at S band or higher frequencies. Although it is possible to design integrated solar panel antennas in lower frequencies, such research is not the scope of this thesis work.
In order to demonstrate and validate the design method, three fully integrated solar panel antennas were prototyped using Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology (PCB is a common solar panel material for small satellites). The first prototype is a circularly polarized antenna. The second is a linearly polarized two-element antenna array. The third prototype is a dual band linearly polarized antenna array. Measured results agree well with simulations performed using Ansoft's High Frequency Structure Simulater (HFSS).
The thesis also presents a feasibility study of optimization methods and reconfigurable solar panel antenna arrays. The optimization study explores methods to use genetic algorithms to find optimal antenna geometry and location. The reconfigurable study focuses on achieving different antenna patterns by switching on and off the slot elements placed around the solar cells on solar panels of a cube satellite.
It is shown that the proposed integrated solar panel antenna is a robust and cost-effective antenna solution for small satellites. It is also shown that given a solar panel with reasonable size, one can easily achieve multiple antenna patterns and polarization by simple switching.
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Lawless, Colin, and Erik Kärrfelt. "Sun Following Solar Panel : Using Light Sensors to Implement Solar Tracking." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230142.
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Syftet med detta projekt är att undersöka om det ärmöjligt att erhålla mer energi från en solpanel om solpanelenalltid är riktad mot solen. Vidare ska två frågor angåendeom det är möjligt att konstruera ett system som effektivtföljer solen med ljussensorer och hur komplicerad dentillhörande mjukvaran blir besvaras. För att finna svar pådessa frågor har en prototyp skapats.Detta projekt består av tre avgörande delar, hårdvara,mjukvara och elektronik. Stegmotorer används för att roterasolpanelerna och light dependent resistor (LDR)-motståndanvänds som ljussensorer.Med det solspårande systemet erhölls 48 % mer energifrån solpanelerna.<br>The purpose of this project is to investigate if it is possibleto get more energy out of a solar panel if the solarpanel is always directed towards the sun. Furthermore,two questions surrounding the plausibility of building anefficient tracking system, and the level of complexity forthe required software and mechanism will be investigated.To be able to answer these questions a prototype was built.This project consists of three major parts, hardware,software and electronics. Stepper motors were used to rotatethe solar panels and light dependent resistors (LDR)were used as light sensors.With the tracking system, the solar panels outputted48 % more energy.
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Lawless, Colin, and Erik KÄRRFELT. "Sun Following Solar Panel : Using Light Sensors to Implement Solar Tracking." Thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232969.
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The purpose of this project is to investigate if it is possible to get more energy out of a solar panel if the solar panel is always directed towards the sun. Furthermore, two questions surrounding the plausibility of building an efficient tracking system, and the level of complexity for the required software and mechanism will be investigated. To be able to answer these questions a prototype was built. This project consists of three major parts, hardware, software and electronics. Stepper motors were used to rotate the solar panels and light dependent resistors (LDR) were used as light sensors. With the tracking system, the solar panels outputted 48 % more energy.<br>Syftet med detta projekt är att undersöka om det är möjligt att erhålla mer energi från en solpanel om solpanelen alltid är riktad mot solen. Vidare ska två frågor angående om det är möjligt att konstruera ett system som effektivt följer solen med ljussensorer och hur komplicerad den tillhörande mjukvaran blir besvaras. För att finna svar på dessa frågor har en prototyp skapats. Detta projekt består av tre avgörande delar, hårdvara, mjukvara och elektronik. Stegmotorer används för att rotera solpanelerna och light dependent resistor (LDR)-motstånd används som ljussensorer. Med det solspårande systemet erhölls 48 % mer energi från solpanelerna.
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Ali, Rehan. "Effect of Solar Panel Cooling on Photovoltaic Performance." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1560782.
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<p> One of the main problems in using the photovoltaic system is the low energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells and, furthermore, during the long operational period of solar cells, their energy conversion efficiency decreases even more due to increase in operating cell temperature over a certain limit. One way of improving the efficiency of photovoltaic system is to maintain a low operating temperature by cooling it down during its operation period. This study compares the effects of cooling on the performance of photovoltaic system. Experiments are performed on the solar panel inclined at fixed 45° angle without active cooling initially to have a set of reference performance parameters for comparison. Afterwards, cooling of the solar panel is carried out using air and water, separately, as the cooling fluids. I-V tests and temperature tests, for all the cases, are performed for comparative analysis. The energy balance calculations showed that the experimental results are in conformity with the theoretical results. The results further showed that the cooling of photovoltaic system using water over the front surface enhances the performance even more as compared to air cooling of solar panel. </p>
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Fawole, Olutosin C. "A Multifunctional Solar Panel Antenna for Cube Satellites." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1365.
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The basic cube satellite (CubeSat) is a modern small satellite that has a standard size of about one liter (the 1U CubeSat). Three 1U CubeSats could be stacked to form a 3U CubeSat. Their low-cost, short development time, and ease of deployment make CubeSats popular for space research, geographical information gathering, and communication applications. An antenna is a key part of the CubeSat communication subsystem. Traditionally, antennas used on CubeSats are wrapped-up wire dipole antennas, which are deployed after satellite launch. Another antenna type used on CubeSats is the patch antenna. In addition to their low gain and efficiency, deployable dipole antennas may also fail to deploy on satellite launch. On the other hand, a solid patch antenna will compete for space with solar cells when placed on a CubeSat face, interfering with satellite power generation. Slot antennas are promising alternatives to dipole and patch antennas on CubeSats. When excited, a thin slot aperture etched on a conductive sheet (ground plane) is an efficient bidirectional radiator. This open slot antenna can be backed by a reflector or cavity for unidirectional radiation, and solar cells can be placed in spaces on the ground plane not occupied by the slot. The large surface areas of 3U CubeSats can be exploited for a multifunctional antenna by integrating multiple thin slot radiators, which are backed by a thin cavity on the CubeSat surfaces. Solar cells can then be integrated on the antenna surface. Polarization diversity and frequency diversity improve the overall performance of a communication system. Having a single radiating structure that could provide these diversities is desired. It has been demonstrated that when a probe excites a square cavity with two unequal length crossed-slots, the differential radiation from the two slots combines in the far-field to yield circular polarization. In addition, it has been shown that two equal-length proximal slots, when both fed with a stripline, resonate at a frequency due to their original lengths, and also resonate at a lower frequency due to mutual coupling between the slots, leading to a dual-band operation. The multifunctional antenna designs presented are harmonizations and extensions of these two independent works. In the multifunctional antenna designs presented, multiple slots were etched on a 83 mm x 340 mm two-layer shallow cavity. The slots were laid out on the cavity such when the cavity was excited by a probe at a particular point, the differential radiation from the slots would combine in the far-field to yield Left-Handed Circular Polarization (LHCP). Furthermore, when the cavity was excited by another probe at an opposite point, the slots would produce Right-Handed Circular Polarization (RHCP). In addition, as forethought, these slots were laid out on the cavity such that some slots were close together enough to give Linearly Polarized (LP) dual-band operation when fed with a stripline. This antenna was designed and optimized via computer simulations, fabricated using Printed Circuit Board (PCB) technology, and characterized using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and NSI Far Field Systems.
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Dahlqvist, Mattias, and Tommy Nilsson-Hedman. "Self-Aligning Solar Panel : Construction of a self-aligning platform for solar panels." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-184501.
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The purpose of this project is to create a self-aligning platform for solar panels for better utilization of the renewable solar energy source that is available. The difference between present self-aligning solutions and the proposed one is its two repositioning modes to find the optimal position which implies higher efficiency in terms of harnessing the solar energy. The movement is based on two axes rotation. The objective is to compare the final prototype with a stationary support structure, which will demonstrate an improved efficiency with the self-aligning platform. The achieved results demonstrate a slight improvement in efficiency. This report has the purpose to explain how the construction work during the project has been done and, at the same time, the result of a Bachelor’s degree project in Mechatronics at The Royal Institute of Technology.<br>Syftet med detta projekt är att skapa en självjusterande plattform för solpaneler som bättre utnyttjar den förnyelsebara solenergi som finns tillgänglig. Skillnaden mot nuvarande självjusterande lösningar är dess två positioneringsfaser för att finna den optimala positioneringen vilket resulterar i en högre verkningsgrad. Positioneringen är baserad på två axlig rotation. Avsikten är att jämföra den slutgiltiga prototypen med en stationär konstruktion vilket kommer att påvisa en ökad effektivitet med den självjusterande konstruktionen. Resultatet som har uppnåtts demonstrerar en marginell förbättring i verkningsgrad. Den här rapporten har som avsikt att avhandla hur konstruktionsarbetet har utförts under projektetarbetet och är på samma gång resultatet av ett kandidatexamensarbete inom mekatronik vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan.
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Páez, Daýan. "Discrete, recursive supply chain model for solar panel manufacturing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/58288.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 93).<br>A computer model to optimize global expansion of the production of solar panels is presented. The model is modular, extensible, and fast compared to existing specialized optimization software which use integer linear programming. The model inputs are (1) a tree of the assembly, or bill of materials (BOM), (2) a set of candidate locations where to build the product and any or all of its subcomponents, and (3) other cost drivers. As a tool for expansion, the model accounts for an already-existing manufacturing location that can expand production of one or more of the components. The number of factories to build per location is discrete. A full-combinatorial exploration of the parameter space is used to optimize recursively at every level of the BOM. The program output delineates where each component should be produced, and where and how much of it should be shipped, along with the associated costs. A second program operates in reverse: given a sourcing strategy, it outputs the net cost. In tandem, the two halves of the expansion model are used to explore parameter sensitivity and solution robustness of various hypothetical case studies. These tests reveal critical time horizons for expansion and the relative importance of material costs in driving the optimal sourcing scenario. Finally, a discussion on how to extend the programs is provided. The programs successfully account for the different nature of each cost driver; optimize according to the given constraints; and provide a fast, scriptable interface for parameter testing.<br>by Daýan Páez.<br>S.M.
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Li, Chu Tu. "Development of Field Scenario Ray Tracing Software for the Analysis of Bifacial Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35523.
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This thesis is based on a project "Bifacial Photovoltaic Energy Production Analysis" to build a detailed simulation model system accurately simulate bifacial panel performance under real field radiation conditions and deployment configuration, and to predict its corresponding energy yield. To the author’s up-to-date knowledge, the model system is unpreceded among same type simulation software in complexity, details in consideration, ranges of deployment and parameters.
The model system can also be used as a platform for more components and variables to be added on, such as adding on more rows of panel arrays to simulate bifacial solar farm scenario; and adding spectral information for more accurate analysis.
The system components’ sub-models were carefully chosen based on a broad literature review in related aspects; especially in sky diffuse radiance, ground reflection, and bifacial solar cells.
Built in MATLAB© based on mathematical expressions from above said models, the system consists of 5 bifacial panels and their racking as shading objects and the central panel performance is under investigation and has taken consideration of all possible panel azimuth and elevation combinations.
Model simplification and resolution are carefully considered so to achieve a good balance in complexity, computation load and output accuracy. Output reliability is confirmed with other people’s work. Furthermore, the model has been fully checked and peer tested.
Outputs under different parameter settings are analysed and discussed. Conclusions and recommended future work are provided at the end of the thesis.
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Ji, Zhefu. "An Automatic Simulation System for Solar Panel under Indoor Conditions." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31836.
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Energy harvesting system is a system which could convert ambient energy into electrical power, its output depends on the energy availability of ambient conditions. For indoor condition, light is a typical available energy, and solar panel could be used to harvest it. To determine the light energy availability of an unknown condition, normally, a lot of measurements is needed, and it will cost a long time. This paper introduced a whole design process of a simulation system, it used modelling method to estimate the energy availability of unknown light condition, and this method is more quickly. A matched measurement system for solar panel and environmental parameters was built firstly. Then, all these environmental parameters were analyzed to find out their influence on solar panel. These parameters, which have relation to the output of the solar panel were thought as influence factors and used for model and classifier building. To get an accurate simulation result, different modeling and classification methods were compared and some suggested methods were picked out. Comparing the simulation result with the real output measurement, the method with minimum error was accepted in the final system. A user interface was built in the end to make this system become more user-friendly. This system could be used to simulate the energy availability of a new condition and analyze the error of simulation results which generated by different methods.
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Kabir, Saqib. "Designing of a solar panel deployment mechanism for small satellite." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33822.
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In the last few years, there has been a considerable increase of low cost space mission. Almost every small satellite has appendages like Solar Panels OR Antennas. These appendages have large inertial forces with low structural rigidity and mass to size ratio. These appendages are in stowed position in launcher to accommodate the whole satellite in the Launcher. However after launching these appendages are deployed to obtain the required power and the pointing of antennas. Their power producing capability is directly related to their area of exposure to sun, that is why these panels are available in different sizes and configurations. The requirement for the deployment mechanism for these appendages need to be cost effective, compact, lighter in weight and simple. It is entirely dependent on the structural designer to create such a robust mechanism that conforms to the requirements of the mission. In order to deploy the solar panels, it is mandatory that some sort of actuating system is employed. In this regard, we are aiming to use the torsional spring to induce the required torque for the deployment. There has been a considerable amount of research work [1-4] for a robust deployment mechanism to deploy the solar panel reliably without compromising on the overall cost and strength of the system. To realize the practical utility of Torsion Springs [5] for solar panel deployment, with the deficiency of locking after deployment and hold down mechanism when stowed. We propose a simple actuation scheme of designing the mechanism using Spiral Torsional spring for small satellite with its Zero 'g' testing and mitigation of expected Risks.
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Boman, Kristin, Ida Adolfsson, and Sofia Ekbring. "Bifacial photovoltaic systems established in a Nordic climate : A study investigating a frameless bifacial panel compared to a monofacial panel." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384180.
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The aim with this project was to study the power output from a frameless bifacial photovoltaic (PV) system relative to a traditional monofacial PV system with a frame. A general overview of how the geographical conditions affects the energy utilization of different PV systems is investigated throughout the project. Also, the study examined if further comparisons and evaluations, between PV systems, can be better established. The two examined solar parks, installed under different conditions, are located in Uppsala and Enköping, Sweden. In order to fulfill the aim and compare the different PV systems, three cases were analyzed. To increase the credibility of a comparison between the two cities, a sensitivity analysis considering the weather condition was executed. In case one, the result indicates that a bifacial panel is 5.2% and 3.6% more advantageous than a traditional monofacial panel during summer and winter, respectively. In case two, the frameless, more tilted and elevated bifacial panel is 58% and 680% more advantageous than a traditional monofacial panel during summer and winter, respectively. Also, in case three, the frameless, more tilted and elevated bifacial panel is 19% and 76% more advantageous than a bifacial panel with frame during summer and winter, respectively. When installing a new solar park, it is important to consider the location’s specific features since these affects the energy yield of the PV system. Future installations, which are installed with the intention to evaluate certain properties, is suggested to be installed with more initially comparable conditions in mind.
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Juan, De Dios Ortiz Percy Javier. "Propuesta de diseño del sistema solar fotovoltaico para el sistema eléctrico en el anexo de Tinco, distrito de Alis, provincia de Yauyos y departamento de Lima-2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Continental, 2018. http://repositorio.continental.edu.pe/handle/continental/4927.
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La presente tesis tiene por título “Propuesta de diseño del sistema solar fotovoltaico para el sistema eléctrico en el Anexo de Tinco, Distrito de Alis, Provincia de Yauyos y Departamento de Lima-2017”. El objetivo principal es elaborar una alternativa de diseño de un sistema solar fotovoltaico. Se logró diseñar la propuesta, mediante la caracterización socioeconómica de la población en estudio, un análisis técnico de los requerimientos para un sistema fotovoltaico in situ, un análisis de viabilidad mediante encuestas aplicadas a los pobladores y un análisis de rentabilidad para poder demostrar que es posible y sostenible la propuesta. Entre los principales resultados se tiene que un sistema de 500W de potencia con 1 x Inversor de onda modificada HAMI SOLAR 12V 600W, 1 x Controlador de carga 20A, 1 x Batería solar descarga profunda 100Ah, sería el ideal considerando el consumo medio diario de energía de 1287 Wh/día, que es fácilmente abastecido por este sistema que puede entregar hasta 3000 Wh/día.
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Bakari, Salim Rashid. "Solar panel development for high altitude and low earth orbit application." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2208.
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Thesis (MTech (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010.<br>Stable and reliable source of electrical energy is a requirement for efficient operation of
satellites. Several sources of electrical power for satellites exist such as fuel cells,
nuclear or battery stored Direct Current energy but of late concentration has been on
solar cells as the advantages compared to the other sources are many. Solar cells are p-n
semiconductor devices which convert light energy into electrical energy by photovoltaic
effect. The biggest drawback of solar cell energy system is the low light to electricity
conversion efficiency. Apart from powering satellites, solar cells and panels have found
other numerous applications such as in water pumping systems, rural electrification,
street lightning. Photovoltaic principle of solar cells started way back in 1839 when
Alexandre Edmund Becquerel observed that electrical currents arose from certain light
induced chemical reactions. A comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon
became clear when the science of quantum theory was unveiled in the early parts of the
20th century. Most solar cells and panels available today in the market are silicon based
made of single junction technology. The disadvantage with single junction technology is
that the p-n junction is made of a single type of solar cell material which absorbs a
fraction of light wavelengths from the spectrum of light. The disability of the single p-n
junction to convert all the light energy to electricity accounts for the low efficiency for the
solar cells. One way to go around the problem of efficiency is to use multi-junction solar cells. Multijunction
solar cells are designed to absorb a large fraction of the light spectrum and
convert them to electrical energy. They are made of multiple p-n junctions made of
different solar cell materials which absorb different parts of light spectrum and convert
them to electrical energy. In this thesis, a design of a multi-junction solar cell for
developing space solar panel is presented. The multi-junction cell has been designed
from simulation results of different solar cell materials simulated with space conditions.
Ideas and recommendations for future work are also presented.
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Hammarberg, Filip. "Visualization of electricity consumption and solar panel production for house owners." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148960.
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In only two hours, the earth receives sunlight containing the amount of energy equivalent to one year’s electricity consumption of the entire population. Yet only 0.09 percent of the electricity production in Sweden 2016 came from solar energy. To increase that amount, the energy and communications company Umeå Energi offers solar panels to their customers. While doing that, they have identified a desire for their customers to monitor their electricity consumption and production at the same place – something that the service lacks today. This thesis investigates the actual needs behind why the solar customers want to know the electricity consumption and production information, in what contexts it will be accessed, and how that can be visualized to meet their needs. Starting with a literature study to understand the area, the work continues by meeting and interviewing customers to collect insights. These insights are then used as a foundation when creating and testing prototypes repeatedly together with the customers. It was found that being self-sufficient is one of the most important reasons for their solar panel customers for producing their own electricity. The prototypes that were created aimed to address that self-sufficiency need, together with visual representations of their electricity production and consumption – both historically as well as with live data.
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Hultmar, Oscar, Johan Paulsson, and Jonathan Sundell. "Mechanical design and construction of solar panel experiment in stratospheric conditions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-356131.
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This project will be a part of the LODESTAR experiment. LODESTAR is one of the experiments scheduled to fly on the REXUS/BEXUS 26 high altitude balloon flight. The primary objective of the experiment is to investigate the effects of cosmic radiation on CIGS solar cells. The objective of this project is to build a mechanical design that can fulfill all requirements set by the ESA user manual. The mechanical design will first be drawn in mechanical CAD, where the drawing will be constructed from the ESA requirements. Later the design will be simulated in order to choose appropriate materials and a design that can withstand all simulations. Lastly the design will be built according to the drawings and tested according to the simulations. The mechanical design withstood all the simulations and verification tests with no visual deformation, except for the simulation and verification of the drop test. Both the drop simulation and verification test resulted in deformation in one of the aluminium plates. Since this mechanical design is constructed to be used only once, small deformations is within the margin of error. The deformation resulted by the simulation and verification of the drop test matched with a high precision. This is a good confirmation of the results of the drop test. In conclusion, the executed tests gave very promising results. Therefor the design constructed fits all the requirements to travel with solar panels in stratospheric conditions.<br>LODESTAR -BEXUS Project
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Jadari, Salam, Anton Andrée, and Axel Sjöstrand. "Modelling for a brighter future : Net present value optimization of solar plants." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324690.
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Climate change has already had major impacts on our planet. Loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise and longer, more intense heat waves, are a few of these. Many scientists believe that a continued climate change will have even more severe impact on our planet. To tackle the climate change, a fast transition towards renewable energy sources is necessary. One of the most promising sources of renewable energy is solar energy. To achieve the goal of making the world more reliable on solar energy, various actors try to improve the technology and the financial basis regarding this way of extracting energy. In this transition, calculations have to be as accurate as possible, in order to benefit from them when installing solar panels. This bachelor thesis intends to create an investment model for solar plants and an optimization of the plant’s size based on net present value. The model is built in Microsoft Excel, and factors such as electricity prices, electricity production/consumption and several others are taken into account. Based on the comparison with a case study and the calculations made by the model, the results suggest a reliable model. On behalf of Herrljunga Elektriska AB, the model is created to help them generate reliable and fast investment calculations, which will hopefully bring value to their business.
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Horváth, Martin. "Mobilní autonomní fotovoltaický systém." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218312.
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The restoring sources of energy and their development brings the question how these sources can be utilized in the best way. Master`s thesis deals with photovoltaic systems. It describes their history line, actual situation and also brings some expectations in the future. There are mentioned some materials and technologies which are used for its manufacture, conditions of using in practice, advantages and disadvantages and finally a real mobile application of photovoltaic which serves for a production of electricity that is saved in the battery.
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Lychnos, Georgios. "Feasibility of a solar panel-powered liquid desiccant cooling system for greenhouses." Thesis, Aston University, 2010. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15254/.
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To investigate the technical feasibility of a novel cooling system for commercial greenhouses, knowledge of the state of the art in greenhouse cooling is required. An extensive literature review was carried out that highlighted the physical processes of greenhouse cooling and showed the limitations of the conventional technology. The proposed cooling system utilises liquid desiccant technology; hence knowledge of liquid desiccant cooling is also a prerequisite before designing such a system. Extensive literature reviews on solar liquid desiccant regenerators and desiccators, which are essential parts of liquid desiccant cooling systems, were carried out to identify their advantages and disadvantages. In response to the findings, a regenerator and a desiccator were designed and constructed in lab. An important factor of liquid desiccant cooling is the choice of liquid desiccant itself. The hygroscopicity of the liquid desiccant affects the performance of the system. Bitterns, which are magnesium-rich brines derived from seawater, are proposed as an alternative liquid desiccant for cooling greenhouses. A thorough experimental and theoretical study was carried out in order to determine the properties of concentrated bitterns. It was concluded that their properties resemble pure magnesium chloride solutions. Therefore, magnesium chloride solution was used in laboratory experiments to assess the performance of the regenerator and the desiccator. To predict the whole system performance, the physical processes of heat and mass transfer were modelled using gPROMS® advanced process modelling software. The model was validated against the experimental results. Consequently it was used to model a commercials-scale greenhouse in several hot coastal areas in the tropics and sub-tropics. These case studies show that the system, when compared to evaporative cooling, achieves 3oC-5.6oC temperature drop inside the greenhouse in hot and humid places (RH>70%) and 2oC-4oC temperature drop in hot and dry places (50%<RH< 65%).
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Davids, Vernon Pete. "Design and Implementation of an Integrated Solar Panel Antenna for Small Satellites." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/3044.
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Thesis (PhD (Electrical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019<br>This dissertation presents a concept for a compact, low-profile, integrated solar panel antenna for use on small satellites in low Earth orbit. To date, the integrated solar panel antenna design approach has primarily been, patch (transparent or non-transparent) and slot radiators. The design approach presented here is proposed as an alternative to existing designs. A prototype, comprising of an optically transparent rectangular dielectric resonator was constructed and can be mounted on top of a solar panel of a Cube Satellite. The ceramic glass, LASF35 is characterised by its excellent transmittance and was used to realise an antenna which does not compete with solar panels for surface area.
Currently, no closed-form solution for the resonant frequency and Q-factor of a rectangular dielectric resonator antenna exists and as a first-order solution the dielectric waveguide model was used to derive the geometrical dimensions of the dielectric resonator antenna. The result obtained with the dielectric waveguide model is compared with several numerical methods such as the method of moments, finite integration technique, radar cross-section technique, characteristic mode analysis and finally with measurements. This verification approach was taken to give insight into the resonant modes and modal behaviour of the antenna. The interaction between antenna and a triple-junction gallium arsenide solar cell is presented demonstrating a loss in solar efficiency of 15.3%. A single rectangular dielectric resonator antenna mounted on a ground plane demonstrated a gain of 4.2 dBi and 5.7 dBi with and without the solar cell respectively. A dielectric resonator antenna array with a back-to-back Yagi-Uda topology is proposed, designed and evaluated. The main beam of this array can be steered can steer its beam ensuring a constant flux density at a satellite ground station. This isoflux gain profile is formed by the envelope of the steered beams which are controlled using a single digital phase shifter. The array achieved a beam-steering limit of ±66° with a measured maximum gain of 11.4 dBi.
The outcome of this research is to realise a single component with dual functionality satisfying the cost, size and weight requirements of small satellites by optimally utilising the surface area of the solar panels.
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Škvařil, Radek. "Web rozhraní malé sluneční elektrárny." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235985.
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This thesis is focused on practical usage of solar energy in photovoltaic systems and on the Fronius product portfolio. It is also focused on implementation of web interface for modular solar photovoltaic Fronius powerstations system. It is purposed on displaying statistic data, drawing charts and solar system monitoring. This system is desired to act autonomic and self-configurable. System will be implemented using the PHP5, MySQL4 technologies and object oriented programming technique.
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Havens, Nicklas Jack. "A high gain hybrid DC-DC boost-forward converter for solar panel applications." Thesis, Montana State University, 2013. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2013/havens/HavensN0513.pdf.
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As the demand for more efficient alternative energies increases, the demand to make the power electronics that go along with those energies increases as well. One of the major power components for photovoltaics is the DC-DC converter required to increase the voltage produced. A hybrid DC-DC boost-forward topology was explored. A switch on the secondary side can be turned off and the converter will take the characteristics of a boost converter. These predictions were confirmed by simulating this cirucit in MatLab Simulink, and finally by building a prototype circuit. A desired output of 170V - 100W was produced and the efficiency was measured. The boost-forward converter peaked at about 85% efficient which was below the 94% efficient boost converter. The boost-forward converter, however, was found to have a higher efficiency than the boost converter when the input voltage was below 34V . The circuit is designed to work as a boost converter when the input voltage is above 34V . When the input drops below that voltage the converter can be put into the boost-forward converter configuration by closing the switch on the secondary side.
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Kanyarusoke, Kant Eliab. "Novel approaches to improving domestic solar panel energy yields in Sub-Sahara Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2520.
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Thesis (DTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.<br>This thesis contains innovations that could help homesteads in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) to ‘harvest’ more energy from flat solar energy collection surfaces. The thesis makes the assumption that universal resolution of energy poverty is a long term issue – and may not realistically be achieved using the traditional electrification route of: Fossil fuel/Hydro potential → electricity → transmission/distribution → paid for/free usage. Using a combination of literature search, Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS) modelling and experimental validation, the thesis notes the bi-hemispherical tropical location of most of the region and the abundant solar resource. It therefore advocates extensive use of the resource at home level for both electricity generation, and fluid heating/preheating purposes.
Using mathematical models, the thesis critically examines relationships among energy incidence, transformation and yield from a flat surface for both Photovoltaic (PV) and Solar Thermal (ST) usage. It suggests the first set of innovations for the region: the two azimuths installations. The second set uses TRNSYS and Operations Research (OR) modelling to optimise selection of PV equipment meeting a starter–home’s energy loads throughout the region. Recommendations for both sets of innovations are presented in the form of colour coded maps. The third innovation in the thesis is the patented gravity driven, hydro-mechanical solar tracker, a novel solar tracking device in three different operation and control modes. In summary, one patent, 4 journal papers and 5 peer-reviewed international conference papers comprise the work.
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Foles, Ana Catarina das Neves. "MPPT study from a solar photovoltaic panel according to perturbations induced by shadows." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/22071.
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This work addresses the mathematical and physical modelling of photovoltaic cells and modules, in order to obtain the maximum power output under different environmental operation conditions, including the effect of shadow. Firstly, the Bisection, Newton-Raphson and Secant methods were evaluated for obtaining the characteristic curve of photovoltaic cells, based on the single diode five parameters model and using the values of ideal parameters. Subsequently, the Nelder and Mead algorithm was used to determine the five parameters of the model by fitting the characteristic curve to current and voltage measurements, and accounting to the dependence of cell temperature on environmental conditions by coupling this method to a thermal model of the module. Finally, partial shadowing of photovoltaic modules was studied through a laboratorial experiment, to which conditions the MPPT is calculated through the polynomial fitting of power-voltage curve; Resumo:
Estudo do MPPT de um painel fotovoltaico em função de perturbações induzidas por sombras
Este trabalho consiste na modelação física e matemática de células e módulos fotovoltaicos, com o intuito de obter a sua máxima potência sob diferentes condições de operação, incluído o efeito de sombreamento. Primeiramente, os métodos da Bisecção, Newton-Raphson e Secante foram avaliados recorrendo ao modelo de um díodo e cinco parâmetros de forma a obter a curva característica das células fotovoltaicas, com valores de parâmetros ideais. Seguidamente, o algoritmo de Nelder e Mead foi utilizado para determinar os cinco parâmetros do modelo, recorrendo ao ajuste da curva característica com medidas experimentais de corrente e tensão, e a dependência que os parâmetros ambientais têm na obtenção da temperatura da célula, através do acoplamento do algoritmo com um modelo térmico do módulo. Finalmente, foi estudado o sombreamento parcial de módulos fotovoltaicos através de uma experiência laboratorial, na qual o MPPT é calculado por um ajuste de um polinómio à curva potência-tensão.
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Moya, Arrué Cristóbal Hernán. "Modelamiento térmico unidimensional y transiente de un panel fotovoltaico." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/141760.
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Ingeniero Civil Mecánico<br>En el transcurso de los últimos años, la generación de energía renovable, ha sido promovida por distintas naciones. En este contexto, encontramos las celdas fotovoltaicas como una de las formas de producción de energía renovable más usadas en el mundo debido a que pueden transformar directamente la radiación solar en electricidad y a la vez, pueden ser usadas en aplicaciones domésticas e industriales. Sin embargo, en su operación, solamente se puede aprovechar alrededor de un 20% de la radiación incidente, el resto se convierte en calor, por otra parte, esta eficiencia se ve disminuida cuando las temperaturas de operación aumentan. Por las razones indicadas anteriormente, la dependencia del rendimiento con la temperatura de la celda, convierte a este parámetro en uno de los más relevantes a la hora de diseñar mejoras en el desempeño de un panel fotovoltaico.
El objetivo de la presente memoria es elaborar un modelo unidimensional térmico que pueda simular el comportamiento transiente de la temperatura de la celda a lo largo del día. Para el desarrollo del tema referido, se realiza un análisis teórico de la temperatura al interior de un panel fotovoltaico mediante un balance energético, es decir, definir el comportamiento de la temperatura al interior de la celda en función de la radiación incidente, pérdidas por radiación, convección y conducción. A continuación, se procede a ensamblar el modelo planteado en un software numérico con las condiciones de borde adecuadas, para posteriormente realizar el análisis térmico transiente del panel fotovoltaico. Finalmente se verificará si el modelo planteado sirve para modelar el panel fotovoltaico, para esto se compara el comportamiento térmico con modelos reportados en la literatura y mediante a datos obtenidos de una central fotovoltaica instalada en el norte de Chile.
La metodología ocupada para el desarrollo de los temas indicados en el párrafo anterior son las siguientes: a) se realizan simulaciones para distintos casos hipotéticos de funcionamiento aumentando de complejidad el modelo; b) se aplica el modelo para comparar los resultados con otros modelos de la literatura y para estimar la corriente generada en un día y se verifica que predice con suficiente precisión lo observado en la realidad; c) se estudia el efecto de las variables climáticas en la temperatura de la celda y se deduce una ecuación que describe el efecto de la temperatura ambiente, velocidad de viento y la radiación sobre la temperatura de la celda; y d) se estudia el efecto de la localización del panel en distintas zonas de Chile en la temperatura de la celda.
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Tamele, Victor Jaime. "Techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy for residential application in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166229.
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I Mozambique many areas are not connected to the national grid because of financial reasons. The renewable energy technology is adequate as a solution for this problem because it would avoid the environmental impact and the increase of air pollution. Hence, the techno-economic assessment of hybrid solar energy was performed for residential application considering a small community of 50 households, each consuming about 1 kWhe and 3 kWhth per day. HOMER, the energy modeling software for hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), was used for reaching this objective. The techno economic study of a domestic hot water system was performed using RETscreen as HOMER could not be used since it does not model solar collectors. To model the PV system using HOMER software, the load and the solar resource were assessed, considering the economics, system components, optimization and sensitivity analysis, which enabled the determination of the optimal system configuration and evaluation of how the system is sensitive with different values of primary load, global solar, interest rate and project lifetime. As a result, the maximum power of the collector was found to be 1.93 kW, hot water storage volume of 138.1 l and 3.05 m2 flat plate collectors. The pre-tax IRR - assets is of 14.5 %, the simple payback period is of 8.6 years to return the investment and the 7.4 years of equity payback. The PV system with the optimal system configuration consisting of a 0.3 kW PV array, 4 HI-Fase 200 Ah batteries and a 0.5 kW converter. The initial capital for PV system is of $3.945, operating cost of $82 per year, levelized COE of $1.604/kWh and the total NPC is $4.591. The sensitivity analysis for PV system has shown that the best estimate scenario with a primary load of 1 kWh/d, global solar of 4.5 kWh/m2/d, interest rate of 11 % and 25 years project lifetime is 0.4 kW PV, 4 HI-Fase 200 Ah batteries and 0.5 kW converter.
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Mårtensson, Benny, and Tobias Karlsson. "Cooling integrated solar panels using Phase Changing Materials." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16780.
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In this master thesis, several cooling systems for PV-systems have been looked into by doing a smaller literature review and then a cooling module for a BIPV-panel was built out from the knowledge gathered. The cooling module used a PCM material separated into 12 bags and then placed in a 3x4 shaped pattern fastened to an aluminium plate that in turn was placed on the back of a PV-panel. This was tested in first a pilot test and then tested outdoors on panels with insulation on its back to simulate BIPV-panels. Temperature data from behind the panel was gathered with and without the cooling module and then compared with each other with added ambient temperature. It was found that the PCM cooled down the panels during similar weather conditions where the outside temperature and the amount of clouds where approximately the same, and it was also found that PCM technologies needs to be more optimised in terms of its material use, the amount of material, and its arrangement for it to be used in PV-panels. An economical calculation was made and it was found that it wasn't economically viable as it takes 14 years for the PV-panel with cooling to pay for itself while it takes 13 years for the PV-panel with cooling to pay for itself. These results are then discussed in comparison to other systems and earlier work done.<br>I denna exjobbsrapport så har ett antal olika kylningssystem till PV-paneler setts igenom genom en mindre litteraturstudie. Därefter byggdes en kylningsmodul för en BIPV utifrån den kunskapen som samlats in. Kylningsmodulen använde sig utav ett PCM material som var uppdelat mellan 12 påsar som placerades i ett 3x4 mönster som fästs på baksidan av en aluminiumplåt som i sin tur placerades på baksidan utav PV-panelen. Denna testades först i ett pilottest och sedan utomhus på paneler som isoleras baktill för att simulera BIPV-paneler. Temperaturdata samlades in från panelens baksida, med och utan kylnings modul, som sedan jämfördes med varandra samt omgivningens temperatur. Slutsatsen är att PCM kyler panelen under liknande väderförhållanden där ute temperaturen och molnigheten var ungefär densamma, men att PCM behöver optimeras mer i form av användningen av materialet, mängden av material, och hur det sätts upp som kylning på PV-paneler. En ekonomisk kalkyl genomfördes som visar att det inte är ekonomiskt gångbart eftersom det tar 14 för PV-panelen med kylning att betala av sig själv medan det tar 13 år för PV-panelen utan kylning att göra det. Dessa resultat diskuteras sedan i jämförelse med andra system och tidigare arbeten som gjorts inom området.
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Perez, Luis. "Patenting Activity in the Solar Industry : How to Speed Up the Transition to a Decarbonized Economy." Thesis, KTH, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209026.
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Presently fewer than one in ten patented inventions are green, while it is broadly assumed that a substantially larger fraction will be needed to address the climate challenge. Recent literature has addressed this topic by developing theoretical growth models with endogenous and directed technical change. An empirical application of this theoretical framework on the automotive industry has shown that firms tend to innovate more in electric cars when fuel prices rise, and also when they can benefit from spillovers in clean technology. Although transitioning to electric cars is important for a green future, today's electricity is mainly derived from non-renewable sources. This paper focuses on solar power, which has large potential to provide the economy with clean energy. We construct micro-level panel data with observations from nearly 200 countries over a 20-year period and investigate how energy prices, R&D-subsidies, path-dependence and financial markets influence innovative activities. The results provide robust evidence for the role of directed technical change in the transition to clean energy.<br>Actualmente menos de una en cada diez invenciones patentadas es "verde" cuando, sin embargo, es ampliamente aceptado que una mayor proporción de este tipo de patentes es necesaria para afrontar el reto climático. Recientemente la literatura económica ha incorporado el cambio climático mediante el desarrollo de modelos de crecimiento endógeno con cambio tecnológico dirigido. Una aplicación empírica de esta literatura en el sector automovilístico ha demostrado que las empresas innovan más en coches híbridos y eléctricos cuando los precios del petróleo aumentan y, también, cuando los productores se benefician de un mayor conocimiento en tecnologías limpias. Aunque la transición a los coches eléctricos representa un paso importante para un futuro verde, la mayoría de la electricidad es todavía generada a través de fuentes de energía no renovables. Esta investigación sin embargo se centra en el sector solar, que tiene el potencial de satisfacer todas nuestras necesidades energéticas con energía limpia. Mediante la construcción de un panel (micro) de datos longitudinales con cobertura de toda la industria solar durante un periodo de 20 años analizamos cómo los precios de la energía, los subsidios a I+D, la dependencia del camino, y los mercados financieros afectan a las actividades innovadoras. Los resultados de esta investigación proporcionan evidencia sólida a favor del cambio tecnológico dirigido en la transición a una economía limpia.
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Doros, Stanislav. "Recyklace použitých fotovoltaických článků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414132.
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The aim of the thesis is to design a method of recycling / reutilization of photovoltaic panels at the end of their service life. In the theoretical part is introduced and described photoelectric effect, history, development, production methods and types of photovoltaic panels. Furthermore, the composition and structure of photovoltaic panels are discussed and the technologies currently used for recycling these panels for maximum energy savings are specified. The experimental part of the work is mainly focused on the development of a prototype device, which can measure the current efficiency of the used photovoltaic panels, based on a comparative method, and quickly determine in the field conditions the future reusability of the solar panel.
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van, der Kraan Bram. "Investing in photovoltaics in Jämtland : Environmental concern? Or profitability push." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27948.
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The Regional Council of Jämtland has a goal to increase the export of renewable energy and with that reduce the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One of the measures used to reach this goal is to give subsidies and tax reductions for investments in photovoltaics. Photovoltaics are generally perceived as “good for the environment” and give a “good image” to companies. They are marketed as interesting for private persons and farmers from a profitability point of view. Sweden has an electricity mix with average CO2 emissions of 20-30 g/kWh. Compared to other countries in Europe this is very low. The CO2 emissions of photovoltaics during their lifetime are 46 g/kWh according to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Taking this in consideration it can be concluded that photovoltaics actually increase GHG emissions as they have higher emissions of CO2 than the average in Sweden. When the decision to invest in photovoltaics is made with profitability as a main reason, it is debatable if the subsidies and tax reductions are needed. When the decision to invest in photovoltaics is made with environmental concern as a main reason, the subsidies might be given to other environmental technologies that are better from a climate perspective. Considering this, the push for profitability of photovoltaics can be seen as just another increase in consumption.
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Ishikawa, Takaki. "Study on Beam Forming for Phased Array Antenna of Panel-structured Solar Power Satellite." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215538.
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Martinez, Martin Cecilia. "Development of an automated space rated solar panel array for future lunar rover mission." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278076.
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Space industry has been enormously growing in the last decades. Energy harvestingfor space applications is usually a critical aspect of space missions, andtherefore a method for doing it is included in most of the satellites and vehiclessent to space. This project focuses on energy harvesting for a Moon Rover.This will be done via a deployable solar panel system, which will be orientablein order to maximize the eciency.This project is divided in two parts. The rst one will be the mechanicaldesign of the deployment system. The main deployment will be accomplishedvia a composite material boom, which will pull up a solar panel array. A seconddeployment phase will be accomplished using aps that will slide out of themain system.The second part of the project will focus on the control of the panels. Thistask will be achieved using Model Predictive Control (MPC). This control willnd the optimal way of moving the panels so that the energy is eciently used.<br>Rymdindustrin har ökat enormt under de senaste decennierna. Energi skörd förrymdapplikationer är vanligtvis en kritisk aspekt av rymduppdrag, och därför ingår en metod för att göra det i de flesta av satelliter och fordon skickas till rymden. Projektet fokuserar på energi skörd för en Moon Rover. Detta kommer att göras via ett utplacerbart solpanelsystem, vilket är orienterbart för att maximera effektiviteten.Det här projektet är uppdelat i två delar. Den första är den mekaniska design av utplacering systemet. Huvudinstallationen kommer att genomföras via en sammansatt materialbom, som drar upp en solpaneluppsättning. En annan utplacering fas genomförs med klaffar som kommer att glida ut ur huvudsystem. Den andra delen av projektet kommer att fokusera på kontrollen av panelerna. Det här uppgiften uppnås med hjälp av Model Predictive Control (MPC). Den här kontrollen kommer hitta det optimala sättet att flytta panelerna så attenergin används effektivt.
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Yatsco, Michael P. "Numerical Analysis and Wind Tunnel Validation of Wind Deflectors for Rooftop Solar Panel Racks." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1310680204.
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Joseph, Jyothis. "Improving Photovoltaic Panel Efficiency by Cooling Water Circulation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404617/.
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This thesis aims to increase photovoltaic (PV) panel power efficiency by employing a cooling system based on water circulation, which represents an improved version of water flow based active cooling systems. Theoretical calculations involved finding the heat produced by the PV panel and the circulation water flow required to remove this heat. A data logger and a cooling system for a test panel of 20W was designed and employed to study the relationship between the PV panel surface temperature and its output power. This logging and cooling system includes an Arduino microcontroller extended with a data logging shield, temperature sensing probes, current sensors, and a DC water pump. Real-time measurements were logged every minute for one or two day periods under various irradiance and air temperature conditions. For these experiments, a load resistance was chosen to operate the test panel at its maximum power point. Results indicate that the cooling system can yield an improvement of 10% in power production. Based on the observations from the test panel experiments, a cooling system was devised for a PV panel array of 640 W equipped with a commercial charge controller. The test data logger was repurposed for this larger system. An identical PV array was left uncooled and monitored simultaneously to compare the effect of cooling, demonstrating that the cooled array provided up to an extra 132W or 20% of maximum power for sunny weather conditions. Future expansion possibilities of the project include automated water level monitoring system and water filtration systems.
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Morgan, Peter Neil. "Metastable phenomena in hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin film transistors." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387749.
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Nilsson, Jonas. "Soldriven kylning i Sverige." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28571.
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Marguet, Raphael. "Developement of a digitally controlled low power single phase inverter for grid connected solar panel." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical Power Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-9110.
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<p>The work consists in developing a power conversion unit for solar panel connected to the grid. This unit will be a single phase inverter in the low power range (24/48 V - 100/200 W), with digital control and without a DC-DC stage. The final system should be suitable for laboratory work. This master project will be complete, starting with a detailed specification of the project and finishing with an experimental validation.</p>
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Narvaez, Iñaki, and Mark Hilbolling. "Energy assessment of waste water heat exchanger and solar energy panel connected to district heating." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14732.
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O, Kopanev V. "AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEM OF ENERGY SUPPLYING IN INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS ON THE BASE OF SOLAR PANEL." Thesis, ПОЛІТ.Сучасні проблеми науки.Гуманітарні науки:тези доповідей XVII Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції молодих учених і студентів:[y 2-x т.].Т.2(м.Київ,4-7 квітня 2017 р.)/[ред.кол.:В.М.Ісаєнко та ін.]; Національний авіаційний університет.-К.:НАУ,2017.-374 с, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/27744.
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So, these are only some ways of disadvantages solution. As to disadvantages of using they are expensive enough and have a low efficiency. In the work we tried to create more ways with these drawbacks. As to advantages it is not a secret that solar panels create ecologically clear energy, such energy can be widely used and available for anybody. The solar panels are silent and have sufficiently long lifetime.
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Hu, Bo. "Solar Panel Anomaly Detection and Classification." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6731.
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The number of solar panels deployed worldwide has rapidly increased. Solar panels are often placed in areas not easily accessible. It is also difficult for panel owners to be aware of their operating condition. Many environmental factors have negative effects on the efficiency of solar panels. To reduce the power lost caused by environmental factors, it is necessary to detect and classify the anomalous events occurring on the surface of solar panels.
This thesis designs and studies a device to continuously measure the voltage output of solar panels and to transmit the time series data back to a personal computer using wireless communication. A program was developed to store and model this time series data. It also detected the existence of anomalies and classified the anomalies by modeling the data. In total, ten types of anomalies were considered. These anomaly types include temporary shading, permanent shading, fallen leaves, accumulating snow and melting snow among others. Previous time series anomaly detection algorithms do not perform well for reallife situations and are only capable of dealing with at most four different types of anomalies. In this work, a general mathematical model is proposed to give better performance in real-life test cases and to cover more than four types of anomalies. We note that the models can be generalized to detect and to classify anomalies for general time series data which is not necessarily generated from solar panel. We compared several techniques to detect and to classify anomalies including the auto-regressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA), neural networks, support vector machines and k-nearest-neighbors classification. We found that anomaly classification using the k-nearest-neighbors classification was able to accurately detect and classify 97% of the anomalies in our test set. The devices and algorithms have been tested with two small 12-volt solar panels.
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Yang, Yin-Yu, and 楊銀幼. "Lean quotation system for solar panel." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25739640197427834089.
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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>工業工程與系統管理學研究所<br>99<br>Solar energy industry booming in recent years has resulted demand of solar products increasing year by year. Governments with subsidies for solar panels set up after another term of time will be expired shortly result the urgent needs in the market for solar panels. How to shorten the quotation process time in order to obtain orders from customers and ship on time is the main subject of the solar energy industry.
In this study, take an example of a solar panel manufacturing company quotation process, the application of lean concept, through Value Stream Mapping (VSM) analysis to identify wasting points in the whole process and shorten the entire process time. Also apply the use of Service Operations Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (S-FMEA) to offer for the prevention and resolution of time waste, significantly to shorten 52.6% of quotation time. In terms of intangible benefits, due to reduced customer inquiry time which has improved customer satisfactio
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Lee, YUN-KAI, and 李耘凱. "Solar Panel Cleaning System - Path Planning and Control." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84x8x3.
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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>電機工程系<br>107<br>This thesis develops a cleaning system for solar panel. The function of the system contains path planning and controller development. In the solar panel cleaning system, the hardware structure uses Makeblock aluminum mechanical components.The electronic devices have a Makeblock Orion controller board, a ultrasonic sensor, a servo motor and two DC motors, etc. In this study, the control board is the Makeblock Orion to be the main control core. The graphical programming software is used to precisely control the DC motor to program motion path. The cleaning system is constructed by the servo motor and metal components, and the ultrasonic sensor. The ultrasonic sensor detects the obstacle.The cleaning method of the dust is developed for the solar panel. Through the construction, the operation concept presents the intelligent control system to make a conceptual simulation application, and verifies the feasibility of future intelligentization through experimental simulations.
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Mobin, Shaikh Tariq. "Design and Development of Solar Panel Cleaning System." Thesis, 2015. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/7602/1/2015_Design_Mobin.pdf.
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Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy for all the forms of life on the planet Earth. It is also the basic source for all the sources of energy except Nuclear Energy. But the solar technology has not matured to the extent of the conventional sources of energy. It faces lots of challenges such as high cost, erratic and unpredictable in nature, need for storage and low efficiency. This project aims at increasing the efficiency of solar power plants by solving the problem of accumulation of dust on the surface of solar panel which leads to reduction in plant output and overall plant efficiency. It proposes to develop a Solar Panel Cleaning System which could remove the accumulated dust on its surface on a regular basis and maintain the solar power plant output. The system is a robotic system which could move autonomously on the surface of solar panels by using pneumatic suction cups and use dry methods for cleaning such as rotating cylindrical brush and vacuum cleaning system keeping in mind the limited availability of water in areas where such plants are mainly located. This project also aims to reduce the human involvement in the process of solar panel cleaning as it is a very hazardous environment for them in scorching sun
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Su, Ren-Kai, and 蘇任鎧. "Research on Comparison Between Heat Insulation Solar Glass and See-through Solar Panel." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73sde9.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>營建工程系<br>105<br>This article mainly researches the enhancement of solar power and energy saving on Heat Insulation Solar Glass, using different battery structure of the see-through solar module to test. Through thermal insulation test, energy-saving test, Standard Test Conditions, optical test, thermal test to understand the see-through solar module after processing its effectiveness will higher than former or lower than former. Finally, the software to carry out energy simulation which can understand that all kinds of Heat Insulation Solar Glass used on the building to observe the differences.
This study found that the see-through solar module was processed into Heat Insulation Solar Glass, the U value of HISG will reduce 68%, the shading coefficient also declined to 63.7%. In the Standard Test Conditions, the see-through solar module of Tandem TCO after processing in this experiment, power generation gain can increase by 9.69%. In energy simulation, energy consumption and power generation need to be considered. This simulation found energy efficiency of Tandem Ag-HISG is the best in Taipei. In the economic benefit evaluation, the fastest recovery is not determined by the best energy efficiency of solar modules in Taipei but requires the cost of installation and energy efficiency which two compare this interaction to get the fastest recovery of solar modules. In environmental benefit evaluation, replace normal glass with Heat Insulation Solar Glass in Taipei, reduce the 98972 kilograms of carbon dioxide, equal to 9039 trees a year.
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SU, SHIH-LUNG, and 蘇世龍. "Application of Self-Cleaning Materials on the Solar Panel." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s9882n.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>營建工程系<br>99<br>The study combines solar photovoltaic modules with the Self-cleaning
materials, and we observe the differences of efficiency between coating and uncoating forms for a long term. There are three sets of PV model on the attic of E2 building in National Taiwan University Science of Technology, which divided into control group and experimental group. The use of self-cleaning materials is to keep the surface of PV model clean.
The result shows that put the glass using self-cleaning material outdoor for a long term, and it will still keep in a great hydrophilic state. After combining solar PV modules with Photocatalyst, it can generate about 2.05% to 12.39% power generation, which is higher than not using the Photocatalyst after a long term. Besides, in STC test and the light transmittance and reflection test, the light transmittance can be higher than general condition by use of the self-cleaning materials on the glass, but the reflection is lower than general. Therefore, in STC test, we can find out the power generation raise.
Combining PV modules with the self-cleaning materials, not only can reduce the cost of cleaning, but also can avoid the dust attached to the glass, which causes the power decreasing. Coating the photovoltaic on the substrate to form anti-reflective layer, for that can increase the visible light of transmittance, and improve the power generation of the PV
modules.