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Journal articles on the topic 'Onium compounds'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Tsarevsky, Nicolay V., Vera Slaveykova, Stefan Manev, and Dobri Lazarov. "The Onium Compounds." Journal of Chemical Education 74, no. 6 (June 1997): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed074p734.

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2

Steinert, Henning, Christopher Schwarz, Alexander Kroll, and Viktoria H. Gessner. "Towards the Preparation of Stable Cyclic Amino(ylide)Carbenes." Molecules 25, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25040796.

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Cyclic amino(ylide)carbenes (CAYCs) are the ylide-substituted analogues of N-heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs). Due to the stronger π donation of the ylide compared to an amino moiety they are stronger donors and thus are desirable ligands for catalysis. However, no stable CAYC has been reported until today. Here, we describe experimental and computational studies on the synthesis and stability of CAYCs based on pyrroles with trialkyl onium groups. Attempts to isolate two CAYCs with trialkyl phosphonium and sulfonium ylides resulted in the deprotonation of the alkyl groups instead of the formation of the desired CAYCs. In case of the PCy3-substituted system, the corresponding ylide was isolated, while deprotonation of the SMe2-functionalized compound led to the formation of ethene and the thioether. Detailed computational studies on various trialkyl onium groups showed that both the α- and β-deprotonated compounds were energetically favored over the free carbene. The most stable candidates were revealed to be α-hydrogen-free adamantyl-substituted onium groups, for which β-deprotonation is less favorable at the bridgehead position. Overall, the calculations showed that the isolation of CAYCs should be possible, but careful design is required to exclude decomposition pathways such as deprotonations at the onium group.
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3

Davidson, Keith, and Philip C. Hadley. "Water-developable photoresists employing onium salt photoinitiators." High Performance Polymers 7, no. 4 (August 1995): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/7/4/012.

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Aromatic onium salts are known compounds with well understood photoactivity. Their use as acid-generating species has, in the last few years, improved the performance of photoresists, particularly for microelectronics applications. There has, however, been little research dedicated to the use of these photoinitators in aqueousrdevelopable resists. This work investigates the feasibility of employing onium salts in the formulation of resists suitable for aqueous development. The ability of the onium salts to photoinitiate the cationic polymerization or cross-linking of epoxide residues was exploited using water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymers containing glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The comonomers included N-vinyl pyrrolidinone (NVP), NN-dimethylacrylamide (DMAc) and 2-hydroxyethyI methacrylate (HEMA). Various copolymers were prepared by radical copolymerization to low conversion, typically in chloroform. Several onium salts were prepared by literature methods and their efficiency examined using a model copolymer. The photoacid generator (PAG) that performed best was then used in the examination of the aqueous systems.
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4

Sciuto, Sebastiano, Rosa Chillemi, and Mario Piattelli. "Onium Compounds from the Red Alga Pterocladia capillacea." Journal of Natural Products 51, no. 2 (March 1988): 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50056a023.

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5

Dehmlow, Eckehard V., and Arthur Sleegers. "Notiz über Mono- und Bisaddukte von Diketen an (–)-Menthon / Note on Mono- and Bisadducts of Diketene to (–)-Menthone." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 921–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-0721.

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Abstract 1,3-Dioxin-4-ones from Ketones Onium salt and acid catalyzed addition of di-ketene to (-)-menthone gives improved yields of 2 and 3. Excess of diketene leads to diastereomeric mixtures of compounds 4 and 6 from menthone and menthol, respectively.
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6

Štetinová, Jarmila, Adolf Jurášek, Jaroslav Kováč, Miloslava Dandárová, and Peter Šafář. "Furan-related N-onium salts as synthons for preparation of 3-furylbenzoindolizines." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 51, no. 2 (1986): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19860412.

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Substituted 3-furylbenzoindolizines V-X were prepared via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of yields generated from the furan-related N-onium salts I-IV to dimethyl butinedioate, ethyl 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-propeonate, 1-phenyl-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-propenone, and 1-phenyl-2-nitroethylene. Structure of the compounds synthesized was confirmed by spectral data.
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7

Torreilles, E., H. J. Cristau, and J. F. Ginieys. "Sodium and Onium Persorate Salts as Decontaminants of Neutotoxic Organophosphorus Compounds." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 51, no. 1-4 (September 1990): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426509008040933.

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8

Torreilles, E., H. J. Cristau, and J. F. Ginieys. "Sodium and Onium Perborate Salts as Decontaminants of Neutotoxic Organophosphorus Compounds." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 51, no. 1 (1990): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426509008544451.

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9

Matsoukis, Aristidis S., Ioannis Tsiros, and Athanasios Kamoutsis. "Leaf Area Response of Lantana camara L. subsp. camara to Plant Growth Regulators under Different Photosynthetic Flux Conditions." HortScience 39, no. 5 (August 2004): 1042–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.1042.

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The effect of various plant growth regulators on leaf area development of Lantana camara L. subsp. camara was investigated under three photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) conditions (100%, 72%, and 34% light transmittance). The triazole compounds paclobutrazol (0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 mg·L-1) and triapenthenol (175, 350, 700, and 1400 mg·L-1), as well as the onium-type compounds mepiquat chloride (125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg·L-1) and chlormequat chloride (750, 1500, 3000, and 6000 mg·L-1), were applied as foliar spray solutions in each PPF level after pinching the plants. Leaf area, in general, decreased logarithmically as the concentrations of paclobutrazol and triapenthenol increased at all PPF levels. On the other hand, PPF reduction was found to increase leaf area of lantana plants treated with all concentrations of each regulator. Leaf area reduction of the paclobutrazol and triapenthenol treated plants at all PPF levels exceeded 60% compared with that of nontreated plants. However, the corresponding reduction was 22%, up to 51% for the plants treated with mepiquat chloride and chlormequat chloride. These results indicate that the triazole compounds have a greater effect on the reduction of lantana leaf area than the onium-type compounds. Chemical names used: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-ol (paclobutrazol); (E)-(RS)-1-cyclohexyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl) pent-1-en-1-ol (triapenthenol); 1,1-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride (mepiquat chloride); (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (chlormequat chloride).
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10

El-Newehy, Mohamed H., Meera Moydeen A., Ali K. Aldalbahi, Badr M. Thamer, Yehia A. G. Mahmoud, and Hany El-Hamshary. "Biocidal Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Bis-Quaternary Onium Salts of Poly(aspartate-co-succinimide)." Polymers 13, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010023.

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Microbial multidrug resistance presents a real problem to human health. Therefore, water-soluble polymers based on poly(aspartate-co-succinimide) were synthesized via reaction of poly(aspartate-co-succinimide) with bis-quaternary ammonium or quaternary salts. The resultant copolymers were characterized by various techniques such as FTIR, TGA, 1HNMR, 13CNMR and elemental microanalysis. Antimicrobial activities of the new onium salts were investigated against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi, and the fungi; Candida albicans,Aspergillus niger, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus flavus by agar diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity was studied in terms of inhibition zone diameters, in addition to the estimation of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the prepared compounds. A. niger and E. coli were the most affected microorganisms among the tested microorganisms with an inhibition zone of 19–21 (mm) in case of biocides, (V) and (VII). The obtained results showed that the quaternary onium salts have higher activity compared to the aspartate copolymer with MIC concentrations of 25 mg/mL for (VII) and (V) and 50 mg/mL for (VI) and (IV).
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11

Vögtle, Fritz, Hans-Gerd Löhr, Joachim Franke, and Detlev Worsch. "Host/Guest Chemistry of Organic Onium Compounds-Clathrates, Crystalline Complexes, and Molecular Inclusion Compounds in Aqueous Solution." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 24, no. 9 (September 1985): 727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198507271.

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12

TORREILLES, E., H. J. CRISTAU, and J. F. GINIEYS. "ChemInform Abstract: Sodium and Onium Perborate Salts as Decontaminants of Neurotoxic Organophosphorus Compounds." ChemInform 22, no. 2 (August 23, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199102253.

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13

Snegur, L. V., V. I. Boev, V. N. Babin, M. Kh Dzhafarov, A. S. Batsanov, Yu S. Nekrasov, and Yu T. Struchkov. "The synthesis and structure of ferrocenylalkyl onium derivatives of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds." Russian Chemical Bulletin 44, no. 3 (March 1995): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00702405.

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14

Karateev, Arnold, Andrew Koryagin, Denis Litvinov, Ludmila Sumtsova, and Yana Taranukha. "New network polymers based on furfurylglycidyl ether." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2008): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht02.01.019.

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Among the activities done under the present work are the following: - study of the kinetic regularities of the polymerization of new heterocyclic monomers and oligomers obtained from interaction between furfurylglycidyl ether and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids (saturated and unsaturated); -determination of the polymerization mechanism in the absence of complex onium catalysts; -determination of the structure and composition of monomeric and polymeric compounds by using chemical and physicochemical techniques and 1Н-NМR spectral analysis. The kinetic regularities for polymerization have been studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC); study of the thermal resistance and thermal stability employed the derivatography techniques (DTA and TGA).
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15

Kauffman, G. B., and Ivan Bernal. "Overlooked opportunities in stereochemistry: neglected connection between Werner’s metalammines and Pope’s organic onium compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 60, no. 8 (January 1, 1988): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac198860081379.

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16

Kushch, P. P., A. M. Karateyev, A. I. Kuzayev, E. A. Dzhavadyan, and V. A. Rozenberg. "Polymerization of epoxide compounds under the influence of complex catalysts of the onium type." Polymer Science U.S.S.R. 29, no. 9 (January 1987): 2009–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3950(87)90006-2.

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17

Urban, Jiří, Emil Svátek, Miroslav Ryska, Jan Metyš, Stanislav Wildt, and Miroslav Protiva. "4-Aryl-3-(dimethylaminomethyl)thiacyclohexan-4-ols including the thia analogue of tramadol; Synthesis and analgetic activity." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 5 (1987): 1340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19871340.

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Mannich reaction of thiacyclohexan-4-one with dimethylamine and paraformaldehyde afforded 3-(dimethylaminomethyl)thiacyclohexan-4-one (XIV) which was subjected to reactions with a series of arylmagnesium bromides. The products were mixtures of trans- and cis-amino alcohols III-XII from which the predominating trans-components were mostly obtained by crystallization of hydrochlorides or chromatography of bases. The tramadol (I) analogue, i.e. the 3-methoxy compound V, was prepared in the form of both racemates and their relative configuration was confirmed by the IR spectra. Compound V was demethylated to the 3-hydroxyphenyl analogue XIII, transformed to the bis-onium salt XVI, partially N-demethylated to the N-monodemethyl analogue XVII, and oxidized to the sulfoxide XX and to the sulfone N-oxide XXI. Some of the amino alcohols (III-V, VIII, IX, XIII) showed clear analgetic activity in the writhing syndrome inhibition test in mice; the 3-methoxy and 3-hydroxy compounds (V and XIII) were the most active ones, the latter being slightly more active than tramadol (I).
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18

Blaschette, Armand, Karin Linoh, and Firouz Safari. "Polysulfonylamine, XIII [1] N-Acylonium-Salze des Dimesylamins: Synthese und Massenspektren / Polysulfonylamines, XIII [1] N-Acylonium Salts of Dimesylamine: Synthesis and Mass Spectra." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 43, no. 12 (December 1, 1988): 1639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1988-1218.

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Abstract N-Acyl dimesylamines. like acyl chlorides, react with 4-dimethylaminopyridine and other tertiary nitrogen bases to give either solid N-acylonium dimesylaminides (1-3). or onium dimesylaminides (e.g. 4) originating from ketene elimination (eq. (5)). The expected acyl transfer properties of N-acylonium dimesylaminides are confirmed by reactions of l a with phenol, 4-nitrophenol, p-thiocresol, and N-methylaniline, and of 1b with phenol, resulting in 0-. S-. or N-acylation, respectively. With exception of compounds 1b and 3, all dimesylaminides could be characterized by their cation and anion mass spectra using field desorption, secondary ion mass spectrometry or fast atom bombardment
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19

Ovakimyan, M. Zh, G. A. Gasparyan, A. S. Pogosyan, M. L. Movsisyan, M. G. Indzhikyan, and G. A. Panosyan. "Heterocyclization of β,γ-unsaturated onium compounds of phosphorus and nitrogen under the action of phenylhydrazine." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 80, no. 9 (September 2010): 1891–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s107036321009032x.

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20

Penner, Glenn H., James M. Polson, Stephen I. Daleman, and Kara Reid. "A deuterium NMR study of molecular dynamics and geometry in two classes of onium salts: (CH3)3E+X− and C6H5M(CH3)3+I−." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v93-062.

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Deuterium NMR measurements are reported for two types of onium salts: (CH3)3E+I−, where E = O (counterion is BF4−), S, Se, or Te, and C6H5M(CH3)3+I−, where M = N, P, or As. Within each class of compounds the activation energy for rotation of the trimethyl groups about the [Formula: see text] axis increases with increasing size of the central atom. In the first class of compounds the C—E—C bond angle decreases with the size of the atom E. In addition the magnitude of the quadrupolar coupling constant, χ, varies with E, ranging from 160 kHz for E = O to 190 kHz for E = Te. This is in qualitative agreement with molecular orbital calculations of the electric field gradients. At low temperatures the 2H NMR spectrum of C6H5N(CH3)3+I− can only be rationalized with a model in which trimethyl rotation is faster than methyl rotation. The 2H NMR of ring (predominantly ortho and para)-deuterated C6H5N(CH3)3+I− is consistent with rapid n-site (n ≥ 3) rotation of the phenyl ring above 390 K. Below 390 K spectra characteristic of two-site, 180°, flips of the phenyl ring are observed. Below 280 K the motion of the phenyl ring is in the rigid lattice limit.
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21

Minoura, Mao, Takahiro Mukuda, Takao Sagami, and Kin-ya Akiba. "Synthesis and structure of pentaphenyl-telluronium salts of perchlorate and tetrakis{3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}borate: hypervalent onium compounds." Heteroatom Chemistry 12, no. 5 (2001): 380–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hc.1057.

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22

Minoura, Mao, Takahiro Mukuda, Takao Sagami, and Kin-ya Akiba. "ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Pentaphenyltelluronium Salts of Perchlorate and Tetrakis{3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl}borate: Hypervalent Onium Compounds." ChemInform 32, no. 42 (May 24, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200142205.

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23

Moers, Oliver, Karna Wijaya, Dagmar Henschel, Armand Blaschette, and Peter G. Jones. "Polysulfonylamine, CXVII Wasserstoffbrücken in kristallinen Onium-dimesylamiden: Sechs systematisch variierte sek.-Ammonium-dimesylamide mit sechs verschiedenen null-, ein-oder zweidimensionalen Wasserstoffbrückenmustern/ Polysulfonylamines, CXVII Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Onium Dimesylamides: Six Systematically Varied sec. - Ammonium Dimesylamides Exhibiting Six Different Zero-, One-, or Two-Dimensional Hydrogen Bonding Patterns." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 1420–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-1115.

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In order to examine packing preferences and hydrogen bond patterns in secondary ammonium salts, low-temperature X-ray analyses were conducted for six compounds of general formula R2NH2+MeSO2)2 N-, where R2NH2+ = Me2NH2+ (1, triclinic, space group P1̄̄), MeEtNH2+,(2, monoclinic, P21/c), Et2NH2+ (3. triclinic, P1), pyrrolidinium (4, triclinic, P1), piperidinium (5, monoclinic, C2/c) or morpholinium (6, monoclinic, P21/c). Throughout the series, the constant anion retains a rigid conformation approximating to C2 symmetry and thus provides a geometrically reliable set of five potential hydrogen bond acceptors. Nevertheless, the six compounds exhibit a variety of unpredictable packing patterns, showing that, in unfavourable cases, the steric demands of molecular fragments not involved in hydrogen bonding can substantially alter the structure of a family of ionic crystals. In the present structures, the NH2+ donor groups form hydrogen bonds N+-H···N-/O to two (3-6) or three (1,2) adjacent anions. The occurrence of various two-, three- and four-centre hydrogen bonds leads to six different patterns, resulting in cation-anion layers (1, 2), discrete formula unit dimers (3, 4) or cation-anion chains (5, 6); in the morpholinium salt 6, these chains are associated into layers by a weak N+ - H ··· O(cation) interaction. In each of the crystal packings, short C-H···O contacts with H···O ≤ 270 pm and C-H ···O ≥ 130° are observed.
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24

Hosomi, Akira, Shinji Hayashi, Koichiro Hoashi, Shinya Kohra, and Yoshinori Tominaga. "Intramolecular cyclization via onium salts: a novel synthesis of 1,3-thiazolidines from chloromethyl (trimethylsilyl)methyl sulfide and nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds." Journal of Organic Chemistry 52, no. 19 (September 1987): 4423–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00228a062.

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25

Kauffman, George B., and Ivan Bernal. "Overlooked opportunities in stereochemistry: Part II. The neglected connection between metal-ammines (Alfred Werner) and organic onium compounds (William Jackson Pope)." Journal of Chemical Education 66, no. 4 (April 1989): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed066p293.

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26

Oike, Hideaki, Fuminao Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Tezuka, Susumu Hashimoto, and Tomoo Shiomi. "Covalent Conversion of Cyclic Onium Salt End Groups of Poly(tetrahydrofuran) by Bulky Counteranions in the Absence and Presence of Macrocyclic Compounds." Macromolecules 32, no. 9 (May 1999): 2876–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma981768v.

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27

Chebanenko, E. A., E. E. Martsinko, I. I. Seifullina, and E. V. Afanasenko. "SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF DIFFERENT-METAL AND ONIUM GERMANIUM (IV) COORDINATION COMPOUNDS WITH GALACTARIC ACID, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+ IONS, ISONIAZID AND NICOTINAMIDE." Odesa National University Herald. Chemistry 22, no. 1(61) (March 3, 2017): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2304-0947.2017.1(61).94709.

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28

Laali, Kenneth K., and Gabriela L. Borosky. "ChemInform Abstract: Stable Carbocations and Onium Ions from Polycondensed Aromatic and Heteroaromatic Compounds as Models for Biological Electrophiles and DNA-Transalkylating Agents." ChemInform 41, no. 11 (February 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201011242.

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29

Topa, Monika, Filip Petko, Mariusz Galek, and Joanna Ortyl. "Double Role of Diphenylpyridine Derivatives as Fluorescent Sensors for Monitoring Photopolymerization and the Determination of the Efficiencies of the Generation of Superacids by Cationic Photoinitiators." Sensors 20, no. 11 (May 27, 2020): 3043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113043.

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Novel fluorescent sensors with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents incorporated into a chromophore group based on 2,6-diphenylpyridine were designed and synthesised. The spectroscopic properties of these compounds were studied. Moreover, the positive solvatochromism of 2,6-bis-(4-methylsulphanylphenyl)pyridine (PT-SCH3) in selected solvents was studied by measurement of the absorption and emission spectra and analysed using the Dimroth–Reichardt solvent parameter set. After that, the performance of a series of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives as fluorescent molecular sensors for monitoring free-radical and cationic photopolymerization processes by the Fluorescence Probe Technique (FPT) was studied. As a consequence of this stage of research, the effect of substituents on the sensitivity of the 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives as sensors during photopolymerization has been evaluated and discussed. It has been found that compounds containing strong electron-donating substituent (PT-SCH3) slightly shift their fluorescence spectrum during the free-radical polymerization of monomer, which enables the monitoring of the polymerization progress using the fluorescence intensity ratio measured at two different wavelengths as the progress indicator. The position of the fluorescence spectrum of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives with electron-withdrawing substituents is practically insensitive to changes occurring in their environment. Hence, it is recommended to use these compounds with different indicators of the progress of the photopolymerization process based on normalised intensity of fluorescence (Imax/I0). Among the compounds studied, 2,6-bis(4-methylsulphanylphenyl)pyridine (PT-SCH3) turned out to be the best fluorescent sensor for the purpose of monitoring free-radical polymerization by FPT. Consequently, the dual application of the selected 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives is proposed: (a) as fluorescent sensors for monitoring the free-radical photopolymerization progress, and (b) as spectroscopic sensors for the determination of efficiencies of the generation of superacids by cationic photoinitiators during the cationic photopolymerization process. Finally, a new method for determining the relative efficiency of the photogeneration of superacids during the photo cleavage of onium salt has been devised and applied for the evaluation of the performance of 2,6-diphenylpyridine derivatives.
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Bruvere, Imanta, Egils Bisenieks, Janis Poikans, Janis Uldrikis, Aiva Plotniece, Karlis Pajuste, Martins Rucins, et al. "Dihydropyridine Derivatives as Cell Growth Modulators In Vitro." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4069839.

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The effects of eleven 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives (DHPs) used alone or together with prooxidant anticancer drug doxorubicin were examined on two cancer (HOS, HeLa) and two nonmalignant cell lines (HMEC, L929). Their effects on the cell growth (3H-thymidine incorporation) were compared with their antiradical activities (DPPH assay), using well-known DHP antioxidant diludine as a reference. Thus, tested DHPs belong to three groups:(1)antioxidant diludine;(2)derivatives with pyridinium moieties at position 4 of the 1,4-DHP ring;(3)DHPs containing cationic methylene onium (pyridinium, trialkylammonium) moieties at positions 2 and 6 of the 1,4-DHP ring. Diludine and DHPs of group 3 exerted antiradical activities, unlike compounds of group 2. However, novel DHPs had cell type and concentration dependent effects on3H-thymidine incorporation, while diludine did not. Hence, IB-32 (group 2) suppressed the growth of HOS and HeLa, enhancing growth of L929 cells, while K-2-11 (group 3) enhanced growth of every cell line tested, even in the presence of doxorubicin. Therefore, growth regulating and antiradical activity principles of novel DHPs should be further studied to find if DHPs of group 2 could selectively suppress cancer growth and if those of group 3 promote wound healing.
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Motoi, Masatoshi, Katsuhiko Shimamura, Chikako Shimamura, Satoru Muramoto, Shigeyoshi Kanoh, and Hiroshi Suda. "Use of Polyoxetane Resin-Supported Quaternary Onium Salts as a Polymeric Phase-Transfer Catalyst for Preparing Ethers from Hydroxy Compounds and Alkyl Halides." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 62, no. 8 (August 1989): 2553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.62.2553.

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32

Henschel, Dagmar, Oliver Moers, Karna Wijaya, Armand Blaschette, and Peter G. Jones. "Polysulfonylamine, CLI [1]. Starke und schwache Wasserstoffbrücken in den Kristallstrukturen von 8-Hydroxychinolinium- und 8-Aminochinolinium-dimesylamid / Polysulfonylamines, CLI [1]. Strong and Weak Hydrogen Bonding in the Crystal Structures of 8-Hydroxyquinolinium and 8-Aminoquinolinium Dimesylamide." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 57, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): 524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2002-0509.

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In order to study hydrogen bonding networks and packing arrangements in ionic organic crystals, low-temperature X-ray structures were determined for two chemically related onium salts BH+(MeSO2)2ND, where BH+ is 8-hydroxyquinolinium (1; monoclinic, space group P21/ c, Z´ = 1) or 8-aminoquinolinium (2; monoclinic, P21/n, Z´ = 1). The packings are governed by strong hydrogen bonds, π-π stacking interactions and weak hydrogen bonding. In both compounds, hydrogen bonds using the NH/OH donors of the cations and O/N acceptors of the anion result in simple chain polymeric structures, which extend parallel to the y axis and are propagated by translation (1) or 21 transformation (2). Moreover, an intramolecular N- H···O hydrogen bond is present in the 8-hydroxyquinolinium cation. As a common feature, the anion substructures are pervaded by hexagonal channels parallel to y, each one accommodating either two separate stacks of translation related cations (1) or a unique (merged) stack of inversion related cations (2). The crystal cohesion is reinforced by numerous weak hydrogen bonds of the types Car-H···O=S and CH2-H···O=S, the latter creating in each structure a topologically different double-chain ribbon of anions. All C-H···O contacts taken into consideration have normalized parameters d(H···O) ≤ 268 pm and θ(CDH···O) ≥ 126°.
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33

Miller, Robert J., Athan Kuliopulos, and James K. Coward. "Alkyltransferase model reactions: synthesis of sulfonium and ammonium compounds containing neighboring nucleophiles. Kinetic studies of the intramolecular reaction of amino, hydroxy, phenoxy, and mercapto onium salts." Journal of Organic Chemistry 54, no. 14 (July 1989): 3436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00275a034.

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34

Bondarchuk, Sergey V. "Theoretical evaluation of hexazinane as a basic component of nitrogen-rich energetic onium salts." Molecular Systems Design & Engineering 5, no. 5 (2020): 1003–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0me00007h.

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In the present paper, we report a comprehensive theoretical evaluation of a hypothetical compound, hexazinane (cyclo-H6N6), and its 10 onium salts as high-energy density materials.
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35

Grushin, V. V., I. I. Demkina, and T. P. Tolstaya. "Reactions of the phenyl(m-carboran-9-yl)chloronium cation with nucleophiles. Influence of the nature of the onium halogen atom on the reactivity and the reaction pathways of phenyl(m-carboran-9-yl)halonium compounds." Inorganic Chemistry 30, no. 8 (April 1991): 1760–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00008a015.

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36

Chohan, Zahid H., R. Alan Howie, and James L. Wardell. "Diorgano(1,3-dithiole-2-one-4,5-dithiolato)tin compounds, R2Sn(dmio) and [Q][R2Sn(dmio)X] [Q=onium cation; R=alkyl or aryl; X=halide or pseudohalide]: crystal structures of Me2Sn(dmio) and [NEt4][Ph2SnCl(dmio)]." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 577, no. 1 (March 1999): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-328x(98)01044-4.

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37

Wijaya, Karna, Iqmal Tahir, Armand Blaschette, Oliver Mours, and Peter G. Jones. "A ROBUST EIGHT–MEMBERED RING MOTIF IN THE HYDROGEN-BONDED STRUCTURE OF -(PHENYLAMINO)PYRIDINIUM- DI(METHANESULFONYL)AMIDATE." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 2, no. 1 (March 6, 2002): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21935.

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The compound was prepared by dissolving 2-(phenylamino)pyridine (0.52 g ; 3.0 mmol) and di(methanesulfonyl)amine (0.51 g; 3.0 mmol) in 5 mL methanol. Slow partial evaporation of the solvent at low tempertaure (-30 oC) gave a yield of 0.66 g (64%) and crystals suitable for X-ray study (m.p. 150-152 oC). The single crystal X-ray result showed that the crystal system was trikline with space group P. The crystal structure of the title compound 2-(phenylamino)pyridinium-di(methane-sulfonyl)amidate forms a robust antidromic ring motif type. The structure testifies to the persistence of the in question, which was previously detected as a robust supramolecular synthon in 2-aminopyridinium di(benzenesulfonyl)amidate and in a series of onium di(methane-sulfonyl)amidates. Keywords: supramolecule, hydrogen-bond
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38

Baer, Sebastian A., Alexander Pöthig, Salem M. Bawaked, Hubert Schmidbaur, and Florian Kraus. "Bis(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) Perrhenate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 68, no. 11 (November 1, 2013): 1173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2013-3223.

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Bis(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) perrhenate [Ph3PAuPPh3]+ReO4 - has been prepared in high yield from Ph3PAuCl, Ph3P and AgReO4 in a mixed solvent. The compound is stable in air and decomposes at 235 °C. In the crystal structure, the two independent perrhenate anions are not approaching the gold centers of the two independent cations, but weak interionic interactions are entertained via π-π stacking of phenyl groups and C-H···O contacts. As three-blade chiral rotors, the Ph3P ligands of the cations are in a staggered conformation at the gold atoms with only slightly bent P-Au-P axes. IR and NMR data show no anomalies and are close to those of alkali or onium perrhenates.
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39

Matczak, Piotr. "Performance of ONIOM in the investigations of tri-n-butyltin compounds." Computational and Theoretical Chemistry 1013 (June 2013): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comptc.2013.02.022.

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40

DeVoe, R. J., M. R. V. Sahyun, E. Schmidt, Mahin Sadrai, N. Serpone, and D. K. Sharma. "Photophysics of bis(p-N,N-dimethylamino)benzylidene acetone: Does photoinduced electron transfer occur from a twisted excited state?" Canadian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 1565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v89-239.

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Photoexcitation of the title compound (DMBA) in polar solvents leads to sequential formation of at least three excited species as detected by laser transient absorption spectroscopy: the lowest Franck–Condon singlet, a twisted singlet (P-state), and the lowest triplet states. Only the initially formed, localized singlet is emissive under our conditions. Interystem crossing to triplet occurs primarily from the twisted P-state in acetonitrile and in methanol. Photo-CIDNP and quantum yield measurements indicate that electron transfer occurs exclusively from the triplet in acetonitrile or methanol to sensitize decomposition of diphenyliodonium cation and to bleach DMBA. Analysis of the photochemistry is complicated by formation of a charge transfer complex of enhanced photolability. Using tris(trichloromethyl)-sym-triazine as the electron acceptor in hydrocarbon solvent, bleaching of DMBA again occurs, somewhat more efficiently than with the 'onium salt in polar solvent. We infer that under these conditions electron transfer occurs from the P-state. Keywords: photochemistry, fluorescence, electron transfer, TICT, chalcone.
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41

Whitten, Andrew E., and Mark A. Spackman. "Anisotropic displacement parameters for H atoms using an ONIOM approach." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 62, no. 5 (September 18, 2006): 875–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768106020787.

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X-ray diffraction data cannot provide anisotropic displacement parameters (ADPs) for H atoms, a major outstanding problem in charge-density analysis of molecular crystals. Although neutron diffraction experiments are the preferred source of this information, for a variety of reasons they are possible only for a minority of materials of interest. To date, approximate procedures combine rigid-body analysis of the molecular heavy-atom skeleton, based on ADPs derived from the X-ray data, with estimates of internal motion provided by spectroscopic data, analyses of neutron diffraction data on related compounds, or ab initio calculations on isolated molecules. Building on these efforts, an improved methodology is presented, incorporating information on internal vibrational motion from ab initio cluster calculations using the ONIOM approach implemented in GAUSSIAN03. The method is tested by comparing model H-atom ADPs with reference values, largely from neutron diffraction experiments, for a variety of molecular crystals: benzene, 1-methyluracil, α-glycine, xylitol and 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline. The results are impressive and, as the method is based on widely available software, and is in principle widely applicable, it offers considerable promise in future charge-density studies of molecular crystals.
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42

Dwivedi, Apoorva, Anoop Kumar Pandey, Kanwal Raj, and Neeraj Misra. "Comparative Study of Vibrational Spectra of Two Bioactive Natural Products Lupeol and Lupenone Using MM/QM Method." Spectroscopy: An International Journal 27 (2012): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/486304.

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This work deals with the theoretical study on the molecular structure and vibrational spectra of two well-known natural products: lupeol and lupenone. The spectra were interpreted with the aid of normal mode analysis following full-structure optimization carried out with the hybrid two-level ONIOM (B3LYP/6-31G: PM3) method. A detailed interpretation of the infrared spectra of Lupeol and Lupenone is also reported in the present work. The similarities and differences between the vibrational spectra of the two molecules studied have been highlighted. The scaled theoretical wave numbers are in perfect agreement with the experimental values. The thermodynamic calculations related to the title compounds were also performed at B3LYP/6-31G: PM3 level of theory. Quantum chemical calculations have been carried out to understand the dynamical behavior of the bioactive molecules Lupeol and Lupenone.
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43

Li, Zhe, Lei Liu, Yao Fu, and Qing-Xiang Guo. "Assessing performance of diverse ONIOM methods in calculation of structures of organonickel and organopalladium compounds." Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM 757, no. 1-3 (December 2005): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theochem.2005.07.014.

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44

Ahmed, Raheel, Panayiotis C. Varras, Michael G. Siskos, Hina Siddiqui, M. Iqbal Choudhary, and Ioannis P. Gerothanassis. "NMR and Computational Studies as Analytical and High-Resolution Structural Tool for Complex Hydroperoxides and Diastereomeric Endo-Hydroperoxides of Fatty Acids in Solution-Exemplified by Methyl Linolenate." Molecules 25, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 4902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214902.

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A combination of selective 1D Total Correlation Spectroscopy (TOCSY) and 1H-13C Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation (HMBC) NMR techniques has been employed for the identification of methyl linolenate primary oxidation products without the need for laborious isolation of the individual compounds. Complex hydroperoxides and diastereomeric endo-hydroperoxides were identified and quantified. Strongly deshielded C–O–O–H 1H-NMR resonances of diastereomeric endo-hydroperoxides in the region of 8.8 to 9.6 ppm were shown to be due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions of the hydroperoxide proton with an oxygen atom of the five-member endo-peroxide ring. These strongly deshielded resonances were utilized as a new method to derive, for the first time, three-dimensional structures with an assignment of pairs of diastereomers in solution with the combined use of 1H-NMR chemical shifts, Density Functional Theory (DFT), and Our N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and molecular Mechanics (ONIOM) calculations.
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45

Henschel, Dagmar, Oliver Moers, Karna Wijaya, Armand Blaschette, and Peter G. Jones. "Polysulfonylamine, CXVIII Wasserstoffbrücken in kristallinen Onium-dimesylamiden: Drei prim. -Ammonium-dimesylamide mit zwei- oder dreidimensionalen Wasserstoffbrückenmustern/Polysulfonylamines, CXVIII Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Onium Dimesylamides: Three prim. -Ammonium Dimesylamides Exhibiting Two- or Three-Dimensional Hydrogen Bond Patterns." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 1431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-1116.

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In order to study hydrogen bonding patterns in primary ammonium salts and the hydrogen bond acceptor potential of the dimesylamide anion, low-temperature X-ray structures have been determined for the 1:1 salts RNH3+(MeSO2)2N- , where R = Et (1, monoclinic, space group P21/n, two independent formula units A and B) or 1-adamantyl (2, monoclinic, P21/C) and for the 1:2 salt [H3NCH2CH2NH3]2+ ·2 (MeSO2)2N- (3, monoclinic, P21/n, cation crystallographically centrosymmetric). The NH3+ donor groups form two-centre or three-centre hydrogen bonds to four (B) or three (A, 2, 3) adjacent anions, giving rise to fundamentally different networks. The crystal packing of 1 displays a three-dimensional system of eight independent H bonds and may be viewed as a commensurate ionic self-clathrate, in which finite (A)2 cyclodimers are inserted as guest entities into parallel tunnels between infinite (B)∞ tapes. In contrast, owing to the steric demands of the 1-adamantyl group, compound 2 merely exhibits a twodimensional pattern constructed from four independent H bonds and leading to cation-anion sheets. In the packing of 3, two crystallographically independent H bonds generate a tape substructure of cations and anions in the ratio 1:2; these tapes are cross-linked into a three-dimensional network via a third independent H bond. In each of the structures, short C -H ··· A contacts (A = N- and/or O) with H ··· A ≤ 260 pm and C - H ··· A ≥ 130° are observed.
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46

Paluch, Piotr, and Marek J. Potrzebowski. "Combined solid state NMR and ONIOM studies of reversible crystalline phase reaction for nickel coordination compounds." Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 36, no. 2 (October 2009): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssnmr.2009.07.001.

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47

Wijaya, Karna, Oliver Moers, Dagmar Henschel, Armand Blaschette, and Peter G. Jones. "Polysulfonylamine, CLXX [1]. Wasserstoffbrücken in kristallinen Onium-dimesylamiden: Drei Strukturen mit NH2-substituierten 1,3,5-Triazinium-Kationen (einschließlich Melaminium) / Polysulfonylamines, CLXX [1]. Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Onium Dimesylamides: Three Structures Involving NH2-Substituted 1,3,5-Triazinium Cations (Including Melaminium)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-0702.

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In order to study hydrogen bonding networks and packing arrangements, preparations and lowtemperature X-ray structures are reported for three ionic solids of general formula BH+(MeSO2)2N−, where BH+ is 2,6-diamino-4-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium (compound 1, tetragonal, space group P4̅21c, Z = 8), 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazinium or melaminium (2, monoclinic, P21/c, Z = 4), and 2,4-diamino-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium (3, triclinic, P1̅, Z = 2). The asymmetric units consist of cation-anion pairs that display in 1 a [DDD:AAA] three-point hydrogen bond pattern formed by two lateral N-H···O bonds and a central N+-H···N interaction, in 2 a related pattern, in which the substantial lateral offset of the ions causes the two-centre H bonds to split up into three-centre bonds, and in 3 a [DD:AA] two-point pattern formed by an N-H···N and an N+-H···O interaction. All NH donors that are not involved in the ion pairs use sulfonyl oxygen atoms and/or non-protonated nitrogen ring-atoms as acceptors to form, in 1 and 3, discrete cation-anion strands, and in 2 similar strands associated into a three-dimensional network via one independent N-H···O bond. The packing topologies of the strands may be viewed as supramolecular analogues to molecular arrangements occurring in crystalline polyaromatic hydrocarbons, viz. the sandwich-herringbone pattern in 1 (sustained by π···π stacking of the triazine rings within the sandwiches and a phenyl-phenyl C-H···π interaction between orthogonal sandwiches), the flattened or γ -type herringbone pattern in 2 (sustained by the unique N-H···O interaction of orthogonal strands), and the pseudo-graphitic β -pattern in 3. In each packing, weak C-H···A hydrogen bonds (A = O, N) originate from the activated methyl groups of the anions and act as structure-supporting links between the cation-anion strands.
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48

Wijaya, Karna, Oliver Moers, Armand Blaschette, and Peter G. Jones. "Polysulfonylamine, CLXVII [1]. Wasserstoffbrücken in kristallinen Onium-dimesylamiden: Ein robustes Dreipunktmuster als Bestandteil eines 2D-, eines zweifach verwobenen 2D- und eines 3D-Wasserstoffbrücken-Netzwerks / Polysulfonylamines, CLXVII [1]. Hydrogen Bonding in Crystalline Onium Dimesylamides: A Robust Three-Point Pattern Integrated into a 2D, a Twofold Interwoven 2D, or a 3D Hydrogen-Bond Network." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2004-0103.

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Abstract As an exercise in crystal engineering, preparations and low-temperature X-ray structures are reported for three ionic solids of general formula BH+(MeSO2)2N−, where BH+ is 2,4,6- triaminopyrimidinium (compound 1, triclinic, space group P1, Z = 2), 2,6-diaminopyridinium (2, monoclinic, C2/c, Z = 8), or 2,4-diaminopyrimidin-6(1H)-on-3-ium (3, monoclinic, P21/c, Z = 4). As a common feature, the onium cations in question exhibit a trifunctional hydrogen-bond donor sequence H-N-C-N(H)-C-N-H that is complementary to a W-shaped O-S-N-S-O fragment of the anion. Consequently, each structure displays a [DDD:AAA] three-point hydrogen-bond pattern formed by two lateral N-H···O bonds and a central N-H···N interaction. This grouping is integrated as a robust supramolecular synthon into two-dimensional (1, 2) or three-dimensional (3) hydrogen-bond networks, in which all good donors and all good acceptors are involved (excepting one S=O group in 2). In structure 1, the approximately planar cation-anion layers are perfect mosaics composed of 6-membered pyrimidine heterocycles and seven crystallographically independent types of 8-, 10-, 12- or 24-membered rings based upon hydrogen bonding. In contrast, the corresponding layers in structure 2 are marred by large 40-membered voids; in order to achieve dense packing, the imperfect layers adopt a strongly corrugated shape and interpenetrate to form twofold interwoven and nearly planar double-layers. Each structure features close C-H···O contacts consistent with weak hydrogen bonding; in the layer structures 1 and 2, some of these interactions serve as links between adjacent or interwoven layers.
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Treesuwan, Witcha, Hajime Hirao, Keiji Morokuma, and Supa Hannongbua. "Characteristic vibration patterns of odor compounds from bread-baking volatiles upon protein binding: density functional and ONIOM study and principal component analysis." Journal of Molecular Modeling 18, no. 5 (September 27, 2011): 2227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00894-011-1227-9.

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50

Thong, Nguyen Minh, Tran Duong, Linh Thuy Pham, and Pham Cam Nam. "Theoretical investigation on the bond dissociation enthalpies of phenolic compounds extracted from Artocarpus altilis using ONIOM(ROB3LYP/6-311++G(2df,2p):PM6) method." Chemical Physics Letters 613 (October 2014): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2014.08.067.

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