Academic literature on the topic 'Online journalism – France'

Following the killing of unarmed teenager Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, protests around the world—online and offline—grabbed headlines. Considering that previous research suggests that the news media tend to follow a protest paradigm of coverage that delegitimizes protesters, this study examined #Ferguson coverage on social media to re-assess the relevance of the paradigm. Using computer analysis, this study analyzed thousands of tweets posted by news organizations and individual journalists in the U.S., U.K., Spain, and France, as well as the general public’s tweets, to compare how race, police brutality, and the protests were discussed across countries. Findings fill the gap in the literature as to whether delegitimizing, paradigmatic coverage extends to Twitter, pointing to differences not just between countries, but also between media outlets and individual journalists, and between the public and the journalism industry. Implications for future research are discussed.

Research has already highlighted the strained relationships between scientists and journalists. Scientists generally criticize journalists for being over-simplistic, while journalists criticize researchers for being non-communicative. However, with the advent of Web 2.0, some researchers became more communicative by creating their own blogs. This article explores the various channels used for the dissemination of science news and how journalists and scientists who blog see each other. First, the study interviews science journalists in Belgium and France, to examine the criteria that they use to evaluate the credibility of science blogs. Second, interviews conducted with science bloggers reveal the reasons that prompted them to create a blog, and, if applicable, why they have become disillusioned with science journalism. This article discusses the online relationships between science journalists and science bloggers. The findings of this study show that science journalists do not generally see science blogs as valuable sources of information. At the same time, it confirms that some scientists use their blogs to circumvent traditional media.

News curation tool Storify is a publication platform for journalism and news now used by diverse mainstream media, (including ABC News, The Times, Al Jazeera and The Washington Post), news wire services (Associated Press and Agence France-Presse), and news generators (the White House, United Nations and World Bank, to name a few) to curate and publish ‘social stories’ online. Within the journalism classroom, Storify is recognised as having value in enabling students to produce news stories based on social content while also challenging them to assess content, consider agendas and develop news consumption and storytelling skills (Mihailidis & Cohen, 2013; Thorsen, 2013; Sacco & Bossio, 2014). Its use raises issues that go to the heart of journalism ethics, including questions over repurposing of material, relationships to sources, use of non-elite or vulnerable voices, source selection and the need to check veracity. This requires educators to revisit the need for skill development in selection and verification of content. This article examines five lessons learned in the use of Storify in a journalism class newsroom as a tool to curate breaking news about the search for Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 and how these lessons have altered teaching practice.

In this article, the author examines the place of social networks in the hierarchy of mass communication along with print media, radio and television by the example of their use by both ordinary citizens and politicians in Russia and France. In addition, the author determines the target audience of each information source, and names five possible methods of manipulation through social networks. Also in this scientific text, we are talking about the merger of social networks and online media, which leads to the formation of such a new phenomenon as social journalism. The problematics of the article is whether social networks and television compete for the greatest audience coverage during the presidential race in Russia and France in 2012 or, on the contrary, complement each other due to the "double screen" phenomenon.

The purpose of this work is to identify the potential and limitations of online network communities to strengthen the position of the democratic political regime. The study was conducted using the example of Internet communications in the USA and France. The principles of comparative analysis and quantitative content analysis were used as a methodological basis. Additional methodological optics were elements of SWOT analysis. The analysis showed that the American and French democratic political regimes actively use online network communities to strengthen their positions in society. At the same time, it is revealed that the largest online political communities are groups of leaders, which is interpreted by the authors as a general pattern in the two studied countries – the growth of populism. The increasing role of populism is associated with the phenomenon of mediacracy – the dependence of the modern political process on media corporations and media platforms, including online ones, which establish a specific format of media journalism for political actors. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of online communities for preserving democracy are also identified.

Media organizations throughout the Western world struggle to adjust their practices to rapidly changing conditions. Initially, online journalism was celebrated for potentially revolutionizing political reporting due to its new technological possibilities: According to this, it is able to (1) increase transparency by providing hyperlink sources, (2) increase understanding by providing further background information, and (3) add to deliberation and follow-up communication by providing a platform for interactive exchange. A comparative content analysis of 48 news websites from six countries (France, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, Great Britain, and United States) examines the degree to which these three potential strengths are fully exploited. By mapping the different news outlets in relation to the digital functions, we identify three models prevalent in different countries and organization types. The first model contains outlets promoting the usage of links to make their sources transparent to the reader (‘transparency model’), outlets focusing on the provision of background information to enable their audiences to gain a wider understanding of the reported topic (‘background model’), and outlets that mainly avoid the adoption of new technologies (‘print-oriented model’). These findings show that different structural developments and professional orientations lead to the adaption of different technologies in digital journalism.

Customer relationships are an important pillar of a business model (Osterwalder & Pigneur, 2010). For years, though, news media has not invested much effort into nurturing rich connections with their consumers and, consequently, neglected the promotion of a participatory culture that could bring benefits for all involved (Neuberger & Nuernbergk, 2010; Rosen, 2006). Vanishing advertising revenue and changing habits of news consumption on the Internet create a situation for changing that situation—especially when considering journalism as a service (Jarvis, 2014). Therefore, this article employs multiple case-study research to analyze and compare how four digital news natives from different countries (<em>The Correspondent</em> from the Netherlands, <em>eldiario.es</em> from Spain, <em>Mediapart</em> from France, and the Brazilian branch of <em>The Intercept</em>) are creating more meaningful connections with their audiences in order to sustain their businesses. We found out that all cases resort in varying degrees to the ideology of journalism, personification, transparency, impactful content, and community as motivations to attract members, while at the same time refraining from advertising becomes a guarantee of independence. Social media is losing ground, as companies use their own platforms and channels, such as emails, to develop routines that take member participation into account in different levels—from intermediate to maximal—though customization is still limited. The challenge for online-born news companies is to manage so many variables while taking into consideration feedback from their sustainable base of members.

A reporting field trip by Australian journalism students to New Caledonia and Vanuatu in mid-2014 produced markedly differing impressions of the neighbouring island societies, linked to their ‘independence’ status—one as an integrated territory of France, the other as an independent state. The field trip, one of a series from the Queensland University of Technology, aimed at developing reporting skills through work in unaccustomed territory, especially different cultural settings. Over 17 days, six students and the coordinator, and author of this article, generated 18 feature-length reports for online outlets and a radio documentary. The article synthesises the collected work from the field, producing a thematic statement of findings. It records broad consensus in New Caledonia in favour of enacting the Matignon and Noumea Accords on independence, while noting an undercurrent of unresolved conflicts. It characterises public life in Vanuatu in terms of a democratic spirit, and the invocation of traditional ties within society, as the country grapples with problems of development and impacts of the outside world. This work is interpretative, concerned with identifying processes underlying events in daily news. It is proposed as a first step towards a scholarly construction of meta-analyses of the interpretative and informative power of journalistic reporting.

FR. Tiré de notre travail de thèse sur la médiatisation de l'opposition au barrage de Sivens sur Internet, cet article suit deux objectifs. Tout d'abord, il tente de réinscrire les mobilisations informationnelles contre les « Grands Projets Inutiles et Imposés » (GPII) dans leur contexte historique, politique, médiatique et technologique. En conséquence, à travers cette étude, nous revenons sur la genèse et la continuité du mouvement altermondialiste, avant de nous intéresser aux termes et aux modalités de sa critique du travail journalistique. En nous approchant progressivement des enjeux plus contemporains de Sivens, l'article se penche alors sur la pérennité de cette critique des médias, qui devient « critique en actes », avec la création puis l'enracinement de pure-players d'information en ligne explicitement politisés, en France. Ce cadre théorique et contextuel étant posé, l'article détaille ensuite le rapport problématique et paradoxal que les militants de notre enquête entretiennent vis-à-vis du champ journalistique. En effet, les acteurs de l'opposition au barrage de Sivens oscillent entre la mise en place de stratégies d'intéressement vis-à-vis des entreprises de presse et l'exploitation d'un potentiel d'autonomie médiatique en ligne (sites internet militants, réseaux socionumériques). Avec la couverture journalistique de la mobilisation par ces médias « de la critique des médias » situés à gauche du spectre politique, les relations entre acteurs évoluent sensiblement. L'article entre ainsi dans la boîte noire des interactions qu'ont entretenues les professionnels de l'information appartenant aux marges du champ journalistique, les entrepreneurs de cause et les média-activistes. Ces parties-prenantes de la médiatisation de la mobilisation ont ainsi cultivé « hors ligne » une proximité qui se décline « en ligne », suivant un mouvement de concentration info-communicationnelle. Autrement dit, l'article cherche à analyser les caractéristiques d'une certaine division du travail médiatique, entre militants-communicants et journalistes engagés, au cœur de l'événement politique en ligne.
 
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 EN. Drawn from our thesis work on Internet media coverage of the Sivens dam opposition, this study has two objectives. First, it attempts to re-contextualize historically, politically, technologically and in the media information disseminated against Grands Projets Inutiles et Imposés (GPII) (Large, Useless and Imposed Projects). This study will go back to the birth and growth of the alter-globalization movement before focusing on definitions and methods in its critique of pertinent journalism. In culminating with the more current Sivens issues, the paper will study the sustainability of this type of media criticism, which becomes “critical in action,” (critique en actes) with the creation and subsequent entrenchment in France of explicitly politicized pure players of online news. After establishing the theoretical and contextual framework, the paper then lays out the problematic and paradoxical relationship activists in our study have with the journalistic field: opponents of the Sivens dam oscillate between strategies to garner press coverage and creating an autonomous online media presence (activist websites and social networks). Journalistic coverage of this movement (including media critical of media, which is situated left on the political spectrum) is significantly altering the relationship between actors. This paper thus enters the “black box” of interactions between news professionals from the fringe of the journalistic field, militants and media activists. These stakeholders in the mediatization of a cause have cultivated an “offline” closeness that is expressed “online,” reflecting the shift toward info-communicational concentration. In other words, the paper analyzes the characteristics of a certain division of media work (e.g., activist-communicators and socially-committed journalists) at the heart of an online political event.
 
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 PT. Retirado de nosso trabalho de tese sobre a cobertura midiática da oposição à barragem de Sivens na Internet, este artigo segue dois objetivos. Em primeiro lugar, tenta registrar novamente as mobilizações de informação contra os “Grandes Projetos Inúteis e Impostos” (GPII) em seu contexto histórico, político, midiático e tecnológico. Consequentemente, por meio deste estudo, voltamos à gênese e à continuidade do movimento alter-globalista, antes de nos concentrarmos nos termos e métodos de sua crítica ao trabalho jornalístico. Aproximando-se gradativamente das questões mais contemporâneas de Sivens, o artigo examina a sustentabilidade dessa crítica midiática, que se torna uma "crítica em ação", com a criação e, posteriormente, a constituição de pure-players da informação online explicitamente politizados na França.Estabelecido esse quadro teórico e contextual, o artigo detalha a relação problemática e paradoxal que os militantes de nossa pesquisa mantêm com o campo jornalístico. Com efeito, os atores da oposição à barragem de Sivens oscilam entre a implementação de estratégias de incentivo às empresas de imprensa e a exploração de um potencial de autonomia dos meios de comunicação online (websites ativistas, redes sociais). Com a cobertura jornalística da mobilização por esses meios de comunicação de "crítica midiática" situados à esquerda do espectro político, as relações entre os atores estão mudando significativamente. O artigo entra, assim, na caixa preta das interações mantidas por profissionais da informação pertencentes às margens do campo jornalístico, empresários de causa e ativistas da mídia. Essas partes interessadas na midiatização da mobilização cultivam, assim, no “offline” uma proximidade que se expressa “online”, seguindo um movimento de concentração informacional-comunicacional. Em outras palavras, o artigo busca analisar as características de uma determinada divisão do trabalho midiático, entre comunicadores-ativistas e jornalistas comprometidos, no seio do acontecimento político online.
 
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This study is an attempt to document the problematic nature of an intermediary linguistic system, the lingua franca used by the scientific community, on the production and impact of science from the broad area beyond the inner circle of native English speakers. To this end, a random cross-sectional sample (n=5) of current English-language articles from top-ranked journals in the Brazil-based metapublisher Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) was examined for grammatical issues, especially nominative group construction. In the studied sample, varying and in some cases elevated levels of L1 interference were found, indicating that on the best collective level, there are proficiency problems with the lingua franca, that these problems are not evenly distributed and that systematic language management yielded vastly different language quality outcomes.

The object of this research is the practice of quality news on internet-native news outlets. It aimed at answering the following questions:<p>1) What is high quality news in internet-native news outlets? What is the criterion?<p>2) What are the process of development and experience of internet as news outlets? Why do professional journalists of traditional media seek internet as news outlets?<p>3) How do journalists use ICTs to make the best of alternative news outlets? What are the operation models and their characteristics?<p><p>This dissertation derived from the assumption that internet-native news outlets are effective journalistic practices to improve the quality of the news. To understand this proposition, various perspectives of definition and the way of measuring the quality of the news were adopted in this research. Practically, three internet-native news outlets were chosen as case studies in this research: The French website Rue89, Belgium website Apache and Spanish website Eldiario. The empirical part of this study includes twenty in-depth interviews and observation in their newsrooms, and basic statistics of top news stories in the home page of six websites from the three countries. Therefore, both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used in this research.<p><p>The contribution of this research is rethinking quality journalism in the digital age and introducing the journalistic experiences of professional journalists. First, this research provides an academic definition for the newly generated websites, and theorizes it as Internet-native news outlets. Next, this research analysed internet-native news outlets systematically, especially importing the European journalism website to the domain of online journalism studies. Moreover, the introduction of journalist’s statues in different countries is a valuable complement for journalism studies. Furthermore, the method of interview, observation and case study were applied in this research, which is a new examination of online journalism research. Finally, internet-native news outlets create a positive interaction between journalists and readers, which also enrich the news issues and news resource. It is quite important to rethink and discover the social problems. These academic explorations certainly confront many challenges because of majority of social and culture factors, but the results would be valuable for the reflection on knowledge construction in the international academy.<p><br>Doctorat en Information et communication<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Avec l’ouverture d’Internet au public, en 1994, une nouvelle offre journalistique alternative naît à travers le monde. À l’initiative de professionnels expérimentés et reconnus, ces sites d’information s'inscrivent dans un projet idéologique et démocratique commun : l’Internet Media Dreamin’. Ils rêvent de réhabiliter un journalisme engagé dans les intérêts démocratiques et citoyens, qui a été perverti au fil des années par des logiques économiques de marché. Pour ce faire, les dreamers’ adhèrent au cyberespace public, ainsi qu’à ses promesses d’autonomisation citoyenne, de désinstitutionnalisation du débat public et de liberté du partage informationnel. Internet est pour eux bien plus qu’une technologie : c’est une solution qui leur permettrait de dribbler un environnement informationnel hégémonique. Portée sur le processus de reconfiguration du paysage journalistique, cette thèse interroge la capacité de l’offre alternative en ligne à rompre avec les hiérarchies institutionnalisées de l’information, en proposant des espaces médiatiques qui favorisent l’expression citoyenne polyphonique. Ce questionnement initial est décliné en trois perspectives de réflexion : 1) l’individu et son action médiatique citoyenne ; 2) les instances médiatiques et leur positionnement communicationnel dans le débat public ; et 3) les structures médiatiques et les pratiques journalistiques. Notre panel d'étude est composé par 50 pure players d’information du Brésil et de la France : un média global ayant des déclinaisons dans les deux pays étudiés et 48 projets alternatifs nationaux. Pour son traitement, nous avons mené une analyse de contenus thématique à partir des données récoltées lors de veilles documentaires réalisées entre 2016 et 2019, et de 31 entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès des producteurs de contenus inscrits dans les projets étudiés. Inspirés par le dispositif d’analyse de genre d’information médiatique établi par Patrick Charaudeau (1997, 2006, 2011), nous avons procédé à l'analyse de discours de publications selon deux « thèmes-événements » (Soulages, 2002) : la condition féminine et les élections présidentielles de 2017 en France et de 2018 au Brésil. Pour la réalisation de cette étude, 3 147 textes ont été récoltés à l’aide de méthodes manuelles et automatiques, puis traités à partir du positionnement et des degrés d’engagement des locuteurs selon deux axes : postures énonciatives et points de vue discursifs. Pour structurer nos discussions, notre thèse est organisée en deux parties, renvoyant à la temporalité évolutive du développement idéologique et médiatique des projets journalistiques alternatifs en ligne. La première partie, intitulée « en Rêve », révèle une problématisation théorique et empirique de trois projets idéologiques et démocratiques que nous avons convenu d’appeler Internet Dreamin’, Media Dreamin’ et Internet Media Dreamin’. Ensuite « en Chair et en Os » est dédiée à l’incarnation de l’Internet Media Dreamin’ dans et par le corps social. Pour cela, nous développons trois chapitres structurés à partir des tensions établies par les producteurs d’information alternatifs par rapport aux modèles journalistiques dominants : 1) voix bourgeoise et citoyenne ; 2) information homogène et hétérogène ; 3) dépendance et indépendance médiatique. En plus des discussions théoriques et empiriques, cette thèse a pour ambition de proposer une méthodologie pour la constitution des cartographies discursives, révélatrices du degré d’engagement de l’offre médiatique<br>With the opening of the Internet to the public, in 1994, a new alternative journalistic offer emerged around the world. On the initiative of experienced and recognized professionals, these news websites are part of a common ideological and democratic project: the Internet Media Dreamin'. It represents the dream of rehabilitating a journalism committed to democratic interests and citizens, which has been perverted over the years by the economic logic of the market. To achieve this, these dreamers' adhere to the public cyberspace, as well as to its promises of citizen empowerment, deinstitutionalization of the public debate, and freedom of information sharing. For them, the Internet is more than a technology: it is a solution that would allow them to circumvent a hegemonic information environment. Focusing on the process of reconfiguration of the journalistic landscape, this PhD thesis questions the ability of the online alternative offer to break with the institutional hierarchies of information, by proposing media spaces that promote a polyphonic citizen expression. This initial questioning is developed from three perspectives: 1) the individual and their citizen and media action; 2) the media and their communication positioning in the public debate; and 3) media structures and journalistic practices.Our study panel is composed of 50 news pure plays from Brazil and from France: a global one with editions in each of the two countries, and 48 alternative national projects. For its treatment, we implemented a thematic content analysis based on data collected through information monitoring conducted between 2016 and 2019, and 31 semi-structured interviews with content producers involved in the projects studied. Inspired by the method of media information gender analysis established by Patrick Charaudeau (1997, 2006, 2011), we analyzed the discourse of two "event-theme" articles (Soulages, 2002): women's condition and presidential elections of 2017 in France and 2018 in Brazil. To carry out this study, 3,147 texts were collected using manual and automatic methods, then processed according to the positions and the engagement levels of the speakers, according to two axes: enunciative postures and discursive points of view. To structure our discussions, this thesis is organized in two parts, which refer to the temporal evolution of the ideological and media development of alternative online journalistic projects. The first part, entitled "In Dreams", reveals a theoretical and empirical problematization of three ideological and democratic projects, that we call Internet Dreamin', Media Dreamin' and Internet Media Dreamin '. Then "In flesh and blood" aims to ponder about the incarnation process of the Internet Media Dreamin' in and by the social body. For this, we develop three chapters based on the tensions established by alternative journalism producers regarding the dominant journalistic models: 1) bourgeois and citizen voice; 2) homogeneous and heterogeneous information; 3) dependent and independent media. In addition to these theoretical and empirical contributions, this thesis aims to propose a methodology for the constitution of discursive cartography, eliciting the degree of commitment of the media offer

Cette thèse se veut une étude comparative des médias dans trois différents pays (les États-Unis, la France et la Corée du Sud). Partant des rapports industriels et des recherches universitaires réalisés dans les différents pays, ce travail compare à la fois la presse traditionnelle et sa version internet. Notre questionnement porte sur le dispositif de publication internet/papier. Nous illustrons ainsi l’écosystème actuel de la presse et ce, dans le cadre du développement des versions internet des sites des titres de presse. Il s’agit d’examiner le potentiel des versions web de la presse à garantir une meilleure contextualisation de l’actualité à l’aide de technologies de l’internet. La recherche se déroule en quatre étapes. Nous avons en effet mené successivement une analyse des marchés des médias, un examen morphologique de la presse, enfin nous avons réalisé une analyse de contenu et étudié les facteurs de contextualisation. Malgré les différences remarquées dans les marchés des médias des trois pays de notre corpus, la tendance vers le déclin de la presse traditionnelle est partagée. L’observation portée sur les morphologies des journaux nous a permis de comparer les ressemblances nationales et de distinguer les différences dans les offres journalistiques. Notre analyse de contenu présente les principales formes d’écriture utilisées par les éditeurs sur internet, notamment la pratique de l’hypertexte et du multimédia. L’analyse qualitative sur l’arborescence des liens et sur la nature de la contextualisation nous a autorisé à identifier de nombreuses carences dans la manière dont les éditeurs de presse exploitent leurs sites web. Ceci nous permet donc de penser que la mobilisation de la technologie par la presse sera optimale lorsque le travail journalistique assurera le traitement essentiel de l’information<br>This study compares the morphology and content formats of the traditional newspapers and their web sites in three different countries (United States, France and South Korea). It explores how the online environment changes content format from the traditional newspaper format. By focusing on the diversity of market environments within a common framework, this research proposes different types of analysis to illustrate today’s newspaper in a continually changing environment. Chapter 2 focuses on the observation of the environments of the three countries, which influence the traditional and online newspaper sectors. The thesis highlights that, despite the difference in the newspaper industry in the three countries, the traditional model of journalism suffers continued decline of revenue and audience in all three. Chapter 3 studies the morphology of the newspapers and their web sites and notes national similarities, centering on daily newspapers. The research design is completed by content analysis. Chapter 4 analyzes the content forms between the newspapers and their web sites, especially the hyperlink practice and the presence of multimedia content. Chapter 5 is devoted to contextualization capacity of Internet news by analyzing hyperlinks’ trajectory, as proposed by selected newspapers and news-sites. However, the study also showed that the traditional newspapers’ web sites still fall short in using this potential. The utility of the technology for newspapers will only be fulfilled if the journalism resources ensure the essential treatment of information

When the news moved online, journalists suddenly learned what their audiences actually liked, through algorithmic technologies that scrutinize web traffic and activity. Has this advent of audience metrics changed journalists' work practices and professional identities? This book documents the ways that journalists grapple with audience data in the form of clicks, and analyzes how new forms of clickbait journalism travel across national borders. Drawing on four years of fieldwork in web newsrooms in the United States and France, including more than one hundred interviews with journalists, the book reveals many similarities among the media groups examined—their editorial goals, technological tools, and even office furniture. Yet the book uncovers crucial and paradoxical differences in how American and French journalists understand audience analytics and how these affect the news produced in each country. American journalists routinely disregard traffic numbers and primarily rely on the opinion of their peers to define journalistic quality. Meanwhile, French journalists fixate on internet traffic and view these numbers as a sign of their resonance in the public sphere. The book offers cultural and historical explanations for these disparities, arguing that distinct journalistic traditions structure how journalists make sense of digital measurements in the two countries. Contrary to the popular belief that analytics and algorithms are globally homogenizing forces, the book shows that computational technologies can have surprisingly divergent ramifications for work and organizations worldwide.

Divestment is a socially responsible investing tactic to remove assets from a sector or industry based on moral objections to its business practices. It has historical roots in the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa. The early-21st-century fossil fuel divestment movement began with climate activist and 350.org co-founder Bill McKibben’s Rolling Stone article, “Global Warming’s Terrifying New Math.” McKibben’s argument centers on three numbers. The first is 2°C, the international target for limiting global warming that was agreed upon at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 2009 Copenhagen conference of parties (COP). The second is 565 Gigatons, the estimated upper limit of carbon dioxide that the world population can put into the atmosphere and reasonably expect to stay below 2°C. The third number is 2,795 Gigatons, which is the amount of proven fossil fuel reserves. That the amount of proven reserves is five times that which is allowable within the 2°C limit forms the basis for calls to divest.The aggregation of individual divestment campaigns constitutes a movement with shared goals. Divestment can also function as “tactic” to indirectly apply pressure to targets of a movement, such as in the case of the movement to stop the Dakota Access Pipeline in the United States. Since 2012, the fossil fuel divestment movement has been gaining traction, first in the United States and United Kingdom, with student-led organizing focused on pressuring universities to divest endowment assets on moral grounds.In partnership with 350.org, The Guardian launched its Keep it in the Ground campaign in March 2015 at the behest of outgoing editor-in-chief Alan Rusbridger. Within its first year, the digital campaign garnered support from more than a quarter-million online petitioners and won a “campaign of the year” award in the Press Gazette’s British Journalism Awards. Since the launch of The Guardian’s campaign, “keep it in the ground” has become a dominant frame used by fossil fuel divestment activists.Divestment campaigns seek to stigmatize the fossil fuel industry. The rationale for divestment rests on the idea that fossil fuel companies are financially valued based on their resource reserves and will not be able to extract these reserves with a 2°C or lower climate target. Thus, their valuation will be reduced and the financial holdings become “stranded assets.” Critics of divestment have cited the costs and risks to institutional endowments that divestment would entail, arguing that to divest would go against their fiduciary responsibility. Critics have also argued that divesting from fossil fuel assets would have little or no impact on the industry. Some higher education institutions, including Princeton and Harvard, have objected to divestment as a politicization of their endowments. Divestment advocates have responded to this concern by pointing out that not divesting is not a politically neutral act—it is, in fact, choosing the side of fossil fuel corporations.

The Earth Scientist’s Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions is a fundamentally new table that was first published in 2003 in the Geological Society of America’s (GSA) prominent journal Geology (Railsback 2003). The new table was reported in Nature, it was featured in a cover article by Science News, it was included among Discover magazine’s 100 Top Science Stories of 2003, and its publication was noted in many other magazines and online outlets. GSA sold a large number of reprints of the 2003 paper and then, in 2004, published a revised version of the table in GSA’s Map and Chart Series (Railsback 2004). When GSA’s printed stock ran low, the Society published a further revised version of the table in its Map and Chart Series in 2011 (Railsback 2011). The table has been translated into Chinese (Jin 2006), Spanish (Bernal and Railsback 2008), Portuguese (Franco de Souza Lima and Railsback 2012), and German. The original 2003 paper has been cited in journals ranging from Journal of Mathematical Chemistry to Carbohydrate Research to Geomicrobiology Journal to Journal of Arid Environments to Resource Geology to Reviews in Geophysics, and it has proven useful in understanding the topology of the periodic table (Restrepo et al. 2006). The success of the new Earth Scientist’s Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions across the past decade suggests that the periodic table, as a general concept, is not a static document but instead is still subject to evolution, especially as scientific fields beyond traditional chemistry increasingly use chemical perspectives. It further suggests that volumes like this one are not simply retrospective ruminations on a nineteenth-century invention, but instead they can be part of an ongoing process to find new meaning in the periodic concept and to make it more applicable in broader contexts in the twenty-first century. Despite the diversity of periodic tables produced over the last 140 years (e.g., Mazurs 1974), the Earth Scientist’s Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions differs both in conceptual origin and in form from almost all previous versions.